Brule River State Forest Visitor

Brule River State Forest ¥ P.O. Box 125 ¥ Brule, WI 54820 ¥ www.dnr.wi.gov What Makes a “State” Forest?

The idea of the Brule River State For- nize that management may consist of est began in 1907 when Frederick both active and passive techniques.” Weyerhauser gifted over 4000 acres to What does this mean at the Brule River the state of Wisconsin. This land was State Forest? It means that everything officially declared a state forest in 1936. that foresters plan for the forest is driven Since that beginning, the state has contin- by the principles of sustainable forestry. ued to purchase lands, bringing the land The full range of benefits and the impacts base of the Brule River State Forest to its of management are considered for both current 43,000 acres. So, what goes on present and future generations. Manage- there and why? ment therefore incorporates the ecosys- State forests take their mission charge tem and the full-range view in from state statutes. The law that describes management decisions. Forest manage- Brule River State Forest History state forests was rewritten in the mid- ment activities may be used to restore 1990’s to better reflect the role of these areas of the forest to pre-settlement con- The Bois Brule River Valley and the vation Corps camp at Brule assisted in properties and to provide future direction ditions, to create and diversify wildlife uppermost St. Croix River Valley were early fire control and reforestation efforts for their management. This new law, care- habitat, to provide forest products, to carved by melt water flowing south from from 1933 to 1941. fully crafted through the participation of protect water resources, or for many other glacial Lake Superior and the surround- The Brule River State Forest began citizens, lawmakers, and foresters, is im- purposes working to enhance ing uplands. When the glaciers receded, a with a gift from Frederick Weyerhaeuser’s portant to understanding the management sustainability. In each of these examples, divide was formed out of which the Brule Nebagamon Lumber Company in 1907. of the state forests. the different benefits of the forest are and St. Croix Rivers flow today in oppo- Today, the state forest contains the entire Wisconsin Statute 28.04(2)(a): Pur- recognized and the long-term goals are a site directions. A portage was established length of the Bois Brule River. The river poses and benefits of state forests. “The key component. between these two rivers, connecting Lake is spring-fed and runs cold and clear with department shall manage the state forests But keep in mind not everything is Superior and the Mississippi River wa- a steady flow. The river falls 420 feet to benefit the present and future genera- done everywhere. Careful consideration tersheds. It was used by early native people from its source to Lake Superior, result- tions of residents of this state, recogniz- is given to the ecological potential of and later by European explorers, traders, ing in numerous rapids and ledges. These ing that the state forests contribute to each area of the forest. The public was trappers, and missionaries. attributes help give the Brule its reputa- local and statewide economies and to a actively engaged in developing a master Native Americans were active in the tion as an excellent coldwater fishery and healthy natural environment. The depart- plan declaring primary area goals. Brule area as early as 1400 when the canoeing stream. Over 120,000 ment will assure the practice of sustain- Sustainability also means that the for- Mascoutins, “people of fire,” were the recreationists visit the state forest annu- able forestry and use it to assure that state est will be responsibly managed for the major inhabitants. The Sauk and Sioux ally. Famous visitors include 5 men who forests can provide a full range of ben- social needs of the people that seek out Indians also inhabited the area up until were U.S. presidents: Ulysses Grant, efits for present and future generations. the Brule for recreation. This means that the 1600’s, when the Chippewa moved Grover Cleveland, Calvin Coolidge, The department shall also assure that the certain activities may be regulated to pre- into the area from the east. The earliest Herbert Hoover, and Dwight Eisenhower. management of state forests is consistent serve the “Brule experience” for future recorded name of the Brule River comes It was not until the late 1950’s that a with the ecological capability of the state generations; for instance, glass bottles from the Chippewa word “Misacoda” or full-time superintendent was assigned to forest land and with the long-term main- are prohibited on the river and all cargo “burnt pines” in English. The early French the Brule River State Forest and a sus- tenance of sustainable forest communi- must be secured in one’s watercraft. gave us the name, Bois Brule, that means tained yield forestry program and recre- ties and ecosystems. These benefits The Brule River State Forest is a unique “burnt wood river.” ation facilities began to be developed. include soil protection, public hunting, ecological assembly. The scientific and The Indians undoubtedly used the The first forest staff was stationed at the protection of water quality, production of cultural character of the property is rec- Brule as a travel route from Lake Supe- former Gordon State Forest Nursery. In recurring forest products, outdoor recre- ognized and the forest is managed to rior to the Mississippi via the St. Croix. 1963, the staff was moved to quarters in ation, native biological diversity, aquatic preserve and enhance that character. The early European’s first recorded visit the Brule Ranger Station. The boundaries and terrestrial wildlife, and aesthetics. Management is performed according to to the Brule was by Daniel Greysolon of the state forest were changed over time. The range of benefits provided by the the goals established in the master plan, Siur du Lhut in 1680. DuLhut said he cut Some significant changes were made in department in each state forest will re- which was approved in late 2002. The through some 100 beaver dams before 1959, when the boundary was extended to flect its unique character and position in forest is an active laboratory for demon- passing through the Brule River. Many include Lake Minnesuing on the south- the regional landscape. (b) In managing strating sustainable and integrated man- other explorers, traders, missionaries, and west and the river corridor north of US the state forests, the department shall agement, as well as a working partnership trappers used this water highway up until Highway 2 to Lake Superior. In 1979, sev- th recognize that not all benefits under par. with the watershed, fish, threatened and the mid-19 century. Exploration for cop- eral miles of Lake Superior shoreline were (a) can or should be provided in every endangered resources, and wildlife disci- per and other minerals took place near the added to the Brule River State Forest. area of a state forest. (c) In managing the plines, and the citizens that use the forest. Brule in 1840 by the Jacob Astor Com- state forests, the department shall recog- pany. After dying down for several years, mineral exploration became active again in the 1880’s and 1890’s. The remains of This Paper Aims to Help these mines may be seen along the Old You Enjoy Your Visit Private Property Owners Are Bayfield Road Trail. The Bayfield Road was once the over- This Visitor is published by the “Stake-Holders” in the Brule land route from Superior to Bayfield. Wisconsin Department of Natural Hikers in the state forest can follow this Resources to help you enjoy your River State Forest historic road, once traveled by horse visit. The information it contains rep- resents the answers to the questions River Preservation, Inc., serves primarily drawn wagon and foot, today. Within the 52,000 gross acres of the most commonly asked about the as a non-profit charitable foundation to Early historical evidence indicates that state forest, about 12,000 acres are owned Brule River State Forest. If you have seek out and contribute financially to natural and man-caused fire had a signifi- privately. The owners of these lands play other questions, please ask forest staff projects, which enhance the Brule River cant impact on the area. The Brule area a significant role in the management of for assistance. and forest. began to be recognized as a recreational the state forest and the Brule River. The Visitor is free to forest visi- In the early 1980’s, most of these same resource in the mid-1800’s. Cutting of A large group of landowners with river tors. Any material in it may be repro- landowners signed individual agreements the pine forests began in the 1890’s. Log- frontage on the Brule, from County High- duced as long as the Department of with the Nature Conservancy to protect ging dams and log drives had severe way B to Stone’s Bridge, has been par- Natural Resources is acknowledged almost 5,700 acres of land containing impacts on the river during that period of ticularly involved in protecting the unique as the source. important natural communities along 9 exploitive logging. The exploitation was character of the river. Please don’t throw the Visitor miles of wild riverbank. This property is followed by wildfire and burning to clear In 1950, many of these landowners away. Take it home for future refer- protected, entirely through the voluntary the land for agricultural purposes. In the banded together to form a corporation to ence or pass it on to a friend. Thank participation of these landowners, from 1930’s, most attempts at agriculture were purchase and hold lands for the purpose you for visiting the Brule River State unwarranted alteration in perpetuity. abandoned, and a fledgling forestry pro- of protecting the river from incompatible Forest. development. Today its successor, Brule gram was in place. The Civilian Conser- Brule River State Forest Visitor 2 The Bois Brule - a Canoeist’s Paradise

Whether you are in the mood the perceptive canoeist will notice subtle for a peaceful float with the changes in the surroundings. The river family or the challenge of an bottom will brighten up from silt to clean exciting ride through gravel, and river current will increase whitewater, the Brule River can fulfill noticeably. The river traveler will soon your dream. pass through the first of the privately- This unique river varies from a mean- owned estates and lodges along this stretch dering stream in a conifer bog to a tum- of river. After a few easy rapids, the bling, churning torrent falling madly canoeist will come upon a narrow chute toward Lake Superior. This spring-fed where the river scurries out of a small river lies in a small watershed and thus placid lake. From there to Big Lake, a the level remains relatively constant. The widening in the river occurs and there are total elevation drop of the river is 418 a few more exciting runs. After Big Lake, feet, with 328 feet of that drop in the last it takes approximately one hour to arrive 19 miles. at Winneboujou canoe landing. Another There are ten designated canoe land- popular take out on this section of river is ings on state land on the Brule River. In to continue on from Winneboujou to the order to protect and preserve the shore- Highway 2 landing. lines of the river, all watercraft launching The confirmed whitewater canoeist or and landing on state lands are restricted to kayaker will be interested in getting right these ten sites. Two of those sites are at into the action by starting at Pine Tree the two state forest campgrounds, Bois landing. This trip takes the paddler Brule and Copper Range, and are de- through nearly continuous stretches of signed for use by canoeists who are camp- ledges and rapids before arriving at the ing at those campgrounds (see map). Highway 13 landing. Before embarking The most popular canoe trip on the on this trip, newcomers should scout the Brule begins at Stone’s Bridge canoe river from Highway FF bridge and/or landing. This trip starts out on pretty flat Mays Ledges angler access. During times water winding through cedar, spruce, and of high water, increased caution is urged 1 balsam bog forests. After about 1 /2 hours, before considering this section of river.

Approximate Times Between Landings Stones Bridge to Winneboujou ...... 4 hours

Stones Bridge to Bois Brule Picnic/Canoe Landing...... 4 3/4 hours Winneboujou to Bois Brule Picnic Area/Canoe Landing.... 45 minutes

Winneboujou to Hwy 2 ...... 11/4 hours Hwy 2 to Pine Tree ...... 4 hours

Pine Tree to Hwy 13 ...... 5 hours

Hwy 13 to Mouth of the Brule ...... 4 hours

Rules of the River

Canoeists, kayakers, anglers, riverside Classification of Rapids dwellers, and others come to appreciate and respect the Brule River for its natural The following ratings are based on the International Scale of River Difficulty beauty. Adhering to the river regulations 1 (ISRD), as described in Whitewater;Quietwater . The rapids and their location are of the Brule River State Forest will pro- indicated on the map. These ratings are intended to give the canoeist an idea of what vide a positive and enriching experience to expect along the river. The water levels along the river can fluctuate. It is important while on the river. for the canoeist to be aware of river conditions and the seasonal variations that occur. The Department does not monitor the river for these changing conditions and cannot Regulations: guarantee the accuracy of the ratings for any given time. Please be careful, use ¥ Launching or landing only at desig- common sense, and enjoy your canoe trip on the Bois Brule River. nated sites on state lands (see map). ¥ Camping allowed only at state desig- Class I Ð These are very easy rapids that have small, uniform waves with clear nated campgrounds (see map). channels. If there are obstacles (e.g. rock gardens) that require maneuvering to avoid, ¥ Motorized watercraft and inflatables there is little current to interfere or to increase the hazard of a mistake. Fast moving are prohibited on the river, except water with riffles and small waves are characteristic. Class I rapids should cause no within 1 mile of the mouth at Lake problem for novices in open canoes. Superior. ¥An approved, wearable PFD (per- sonal flotation device) - one for each Class II Ð These are relatively easy rapids with only intermediate difficulty or with occupant. longer, more continuous stretches of easy rapids. Novices with decked craft should ¥ Glass bottles are prohibited. have few problems with class II. Occasional maneuvering may be required which can ¥ Unopened or empty beverage contain- be handled by persons of intermediate ability using open canoes. ers must be secured in a larger con- tainer that is securely fastened to the Class III Ð These are difficult rapids with numerous, large, irregular waves, craft. capable of swamping an open canoe. Intricate maneuvering, physical strength, and canoeing know-how are all necessary to get through class III rapids. We recommend Courtesy: using only decked boats, thereby avoiding all chance of swamping. Some experts are Remember able to run class III rapids in open boats; however, we recommend against this. ¥ Leave no trace ¥Whatever you pack in you pack out 1Palzer, Bob and Jody, Whitewater;Quietwater, 8th edition, 2nd printing ¥ Use quiet voices Birmingham, AL: Menasha Ridge Press, 2001. ¥ Show respect and sensitivity to others enjoying the river 3 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bois Brule River Fishing

Anglers will find a variety of The fall run of steelhead begins opportunities while fishing moving up the Brule in mid-August the Bois Brule River. The and continues through late Novem- spring steelhead run begins ber. The largest runs usually occur in late March and extends through May. sometime between mid-September During the first several weeks of the early and late October. Water conditions season, the vast majority of steelhead (e.g. temperature, level, clarity) will caught are fish that remained in the river affect the exact timing of the run, so from the previous fall run. Larger num- the peak will vary from year-to-year. bers of fresh, spring-run fish start appear- One can expect to find the fish asso- ing in April and continue through early ciated with the moderate velocity ar- May. Water temperatures dictate peak eas but usually behind or near some movement. Most fish are taken on yarn type of current break (e.g. rocks, logs, flies, spawn, large caddisfly imitations, stream bank). They will tend to hold and various types of hardware (spoons in the deeper holes as the water tem- and spinners). The deep runs and pools perature drops later in the season. A are favorite holding areas for the fish. wide variety of baits, which include yarn flies, spawn, flatfish, and all types of spoons and spinners, seems The section of river south of High- The land adjacent to the river between appealing to the aggressive fall-run way B is noted for its resident brown Stones Bridge on County Highway S to steelhead. and brook trout fishery. Some of the just below County Highway B is largely The Brule River steelhead population best fishing occurs in the stretch be- privately-owned, so access is limited (see has hit hard times since the early eighties. tween County Highway S and County map). In an effort to rebuild their abundance, Highway B. This part of the river is For trout rules and regulations be sure we are presently in a rehabilitation. Wild slow and wide and is excellent for to read Wisconsin Trout Fishing Regula- Brule River smolts are being stocked and fly-fishing. The larger hatches of tions and Guide. For further fisheries a restrictive bag limit has been put in mayflies occur in this area around the information contact the Department of place. end of June. This area gets a fair Natural Resources, 1705 Tower Avenue, You can also play a big part in bring- amount of canoe traffic during the Superior, Wisconsin 54880, and phone ing this magnificent species back by prac- warmer summer months. (715) 392-7988. ticing catch and release. This is a very effective tool and has produced great results on other steelhead fisheries on the west coast, especially British Columbia. Lamprey Barrier and Fish Ladder Tagging studies on the Brule have shown the same fish caught and released up to In 1985, a lamprey barrier and fish ladder was constructed 6.5 river miles from three times, some a year apart. the mouth of the Brule. This structure allows migrating fish to safely make their way The river north of US Highway 2 has upstream for spawning, while trapping the sea lamprey. The first year in operation, Chinook salmon begin migrating up many well-marked access points all the over 7000 sea lamprey were trapped and destroyed. the Brule in early July and continue way to Lake Superior. They are located Another benefit of this structure is the underwater viewing window, which allows through mid-October. The peak period is throughout the lower river (see map) and fish managers to observe all migrating fish. Species, sex, and size of fish are recorded from mid-August to late September. Most provide an excellent opportunity to fish continuously to give fishery experts excellent information on the anadromous chinook are taken soon after they enter different sections of the river as it changes fishery of the Bois Brule. the stream. At this time they are still character. Brule River State Forest angler You may visit the lamprey barrier and fish ladder by driving to the end of silver and are quite a battle for even the parking lots are for day use only; over- Loveland Road. Park by the gate and walk the final mile to the structure on the most experienced angler. They seem to night camping is limited to designated service road. Loveland Road runs north of Highway 13 on the east side of the Brule prefer flashing lures like spinners or campgrounds. River. spoons, and tend to hold in the slower, deep water. Coho salmon are found moving up the Brule from late August to late November. Depending on water conditions, the peak Mayfly Hatches of the Bois Brule River is usually sometime in September. They are fairly aggressive when they first enter For the fly-fisherman, knowing when ing a tight line all fishing season! Learn- certain time periods. On the upper Brule the stream and can be caught on a variety certain insects “hatch” – or become ac- ing how to identify certain aquatic insects River, quite often the most valuable of of bait selections. They seem to prefer the tive and emerge as adults from the nymph such as stoneflies, mayflies, and these hatches to the fly-fisherman are slower water areas. stage of their life cycle Ð is of the utmost caddisflies, can help you tremendously in those of the mayfly hatches. The follow- The anadromous brown trout run be- importance. On the Bois Brule River, not your fishing success throughout the spring ing table is a short list of some of the more gins in early July and extends through only the knowledge of where and when to and summer. Those three orders, or types important mayfly hatches that occur on late October. The peak is from mid-July go, but also of what to use to “match the of insects, often make up a very large the upper Brule River. to mid-September. Favorite baits include hatch,” can play a significant role in keep- proportion of the diet of trout during spoons, spinners, flatfish, and live bait such as night crawlers. The brown is not Hatch (Common & Scientific Name) Approximate Time of Emergence Importance an easy fish to catch but with persistence and by fishing the slower, deep holes Hendricksons, Ephemerella subvaria Late April-Mid May, Mid afternoons High during low-light periods, the odds of land- Sulphers, Ephemerella sp. Late May-Mid June, Late afternoons/evening High ing one should be in your favor. No Name Fly, Baetisca laurentina Early-Mid June, Evenings Moderate Accessible March Browns, Stenonema vicarium Early-Mid June, Evenings Moderate Forest Gray Drakes, Siphlonurus quebescens Early-Mid June, Evenings/Dusk Somewhat Facilities Brown Drakes, Ephemera simulans Middle of June, Evenings/Dusk Very High The Department of Natural Re- The Hex, Hexagenia limbata Mid/Late June-Mid July, Evening/Dusk Very High sources is making an effort to provide accessible recreation facilities for Speckled Wing Duns, Callibaetis sp. Mid-Late July, Evening Somewhat people with special needs. We would Tricos, Tricorythodes sp. Late July-Mid September, Morning High like to hear from you regarding this effort and welcome your comments Blue Wing Olives, Baetis sp. Various emergence times, May-September Moderate and suggestions. Currently the Brule River State Forest offers two accessible camp- Other mayflies such as the light cahills, at exactly the right moment. Caddisfly will do the same. And on the lower Brule, sites, one at each campground. The ginger quills, pale eveing duns, and tiny hatches in early to mid-June can also be fishing stonefly patterns are always a Bois Brule picnic area also has acces- blue-winged olives hatch to lesser impor- very abundant, and will encourage many good fly to try and entice a large brown. sible parking and a fishing platform. tance, but sometimes can bring up a good eager brookies to rise. Later in the sum- See you soon on the river! number of fish if you find some hatching mer, midge hatches and terrestrial insects Brule River State Forest Visitor 4 To To T 49 N T 48 N (7 mi.) Port Wing B B

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CCC Sq. Rd.

Blomquist Rd. Clevedon Rd. Clevedon

Clevedon Rd. Clevedon

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Mikkola Rd. . 9 16 21 28 r C

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Fee Required Fee

Handicap Facilities Handicap Toilets

Drinking Water Drinking Total Trail Miles Trail Total

1.7 1.9 1.9

1.7 Trail Access Trail

Picnic Area Picnic

Fishing Camp Units Camp 20 15 20 15 (Carry-In Only)

(approximate location)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Bois Brule Copper Range 1 County Road "P" 2 Stone Chimney 3 Stones Bridge 4 Winneboujou 5 Bois Brule 6 Highway "2" 7 Copper Range Campground 8 Pine Tree 9 Highway "13" 10 Mouth of Brule 11 St. Croix Lake 12 Rush Lake Historic Portage Trail

Forest Boundary State Forest Lands Cities & Villages Interstate, U.S. & State Highways County Roads Roads Hiking Trail North Country National Scenic Hiking Trail State Forest Snowmobile / Winter ATV Trail Interconnecting Snowmobile / ATV Trail Cross-Country Ski / Biking Trail Parking Picnic Area Campground Landing Rapids Landings: 10 Hiking Trail: Nt T il Campgrounds: Brule River State Forest Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Canoe Landings: 5 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources T 46 N T 45 N T 47 N (6 mi.) Iron River

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Samples Rd. Samples Lake

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Little Joe Castle Rd.

Hall Wildcat Rapids

Moore Rd. Moore FOREST Rd. Hilltop SCHOOL

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Little Twin R 10 W Rip S

Big Twin Mays B Rd. 33 21 16 28 4 9 16

Landing

Spring Lake Ashland Lake Winneboujou

Muck Lake Rd. Forest FOREST SCHOOL

Bellwood Pit Rd. Bong

Forest Headquarters Rd. Comminsky

Rd.

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Forestry 29 32 20 C 17 5

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Lost Lake Rd.

Anderson Rd. Anderson

Ross Rd. Ross Bellwood Pit Rd. Pit Bellwood S 31 6 19 30 7

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Graves Rd. Bridge Stones ys

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Coffee Lake t a N

Gander Lake B

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Turkey Farm Rd. Farm Turkey

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p p 26 14 U 1.7 Gordon Dam- approximately 16 miles downstream. St. Croix National Scenic Riverway D

Stone Chimmney Rd. A B Wasko Rd. AA 53 53 To To (7 mi.) Solon T 46 N Gordon T 45 N Springs Superior miles Stoney Hill Nature Trail Brule-St. Croix "After Hours Trail" : il ra T ure t a 0 N Snowmobile Trail: Center and Visitors Bureau 112 112 X-Country Ski/Biking Trail: Mays Rip The Falls Big Twin Rapids Little Twin Rapids Wildcat Rapids Hall Rapids Little Joe Co-op Park Rapids Lenroot Ledges Mays Ledges I I I Hwy 13 Rapids I Shale Falls I I I I-II II-III II-III I-II I Office Forest Headquarters in the Brule Area DNR Office located one mile south of US 2 on Ranger Road in Brule, WI. The office is open from 7:45 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily except weekends and holidays. Brule River State Forest 6250 S. Ranger Rd. Brule, WI 54820 Phone 715-372-5678 Private Facilities For more imformation on resorts, campgrounds, canoe and kayak rentals other facilities in the area contact: Superior-Douglas County Convention 205 Belknap St. Superior, WI 54880 800-942-5313 www.visitdouglascounty.com Rapids Index Stones Bridge to Highway 2: Class Highway 2 to Mouth of Brule/Lake Superior Brule River State Forest Visitor 6 Safety Messages

Biking Ð Be a smart cyclist. For your before leaving the area. If using your own protection, wear shoes, pantleg clips, and grill, place the coals in an available forest a helmet when bicycling. Wear reflective ring or at designated disposal sites. clothing for bicycling at night. Keep your Hiking Ð Be aware that trails may vary bike under full control at all times. Pull in difficulty. Stay well away from cliffs off the road or trail to view wildlife, that aren’t protected by a barricade or flowers, or scenic views. Be cautious in barrier. Trail surfaces can become slip- areas with loose gravel or sand, wet leaves, pery when wet or leaf-covered and will or other loose materials. Forest roads occasionally have loose sand or gravel or follow the natural terrain and often have exposed rock. steep downgrades with corners and inter- sections. Be alert to traffic. Swimming Ð There are no designated beaches in the Brule River State Boats & Canoes Ð All craft must be Forest. The waters of Lake Superior equipped with a Coast Guard approved can be very cold with dangerous cur- lifesaving device for each person aboard. rents. Wherever you swim, don’t swim Wearing of these devices at all times is alone, at night or in unfamiliar places. The Brule Bog recommended. Don’t overload your craft. Don’t dive from bridges, high banks, or After Hours Boaters should be aware of their wake into water of unknown depth. Use cau- Once viewed as “waste-lands,” and stay well away from swimmers. If tion when wading in unknown waters, swamps and wetlands were often drained Cross-Country capsized in fast water, stay upstream of as water depth may change abruptly. and converted to more “useful” purposes your canoe or boat and don’t get caught Small children should be watched for human developments and agriculture. Ski Trails between a swamped craft and a log or closely when near the water. Lifeguards Fortunately, some areas, such as the up- rock. Be aware that sudden storms may The Brule River State Forest are not provided. Public beaches are per Bois-Brule River Bog and its associ- occur. If you venture out into Lake Supe- has an extensive network of available at Lake Minnesuing and Lake ated swamp wetlands, escaped the rior, watch the weather conditions closely. some of the finest and well- Nebagamon near the state forest. devastating impacts of wetland drainage. maintained cross-country ski Fire Ð Don’t become complacent about This area remains in near presettlement Use areas Ð Designated use areas trails in the region for both classical and fire. Watch children very closely when condition and provides bountiful oppor- are developed areas such as trails, camp- skate skiing. The 25 kilometer After Hours near a fire. When setting up to use an area, tunities for viewing native plants and grounds, and picnic areas, or other de- Ski Trail is located west of Brule on the become aware of the location of the fire animals. veloped areas, which are inspected or Afterhours Road, just south of US High- ring. Watch the wind direction to ensure The swamp wetlands are comprised of maintained by the DNR and shown on way 2. At the trailhead are restroom facili- sparks aren’t near flammable materials. 4 major habitat types: lowland conifers the official property map. All other ar- ties as well as a warming shelter that is Put the fire out if wind changes begin to (balsam fir, white cedar, tamarack, black eas are considered undesignated, and cooperatively maintained by the Brule cause concern. Don’t remove hot mate- spruce, and white spruce); cedar swamps are not inspected or maintained. Users Valley Ski Club and the Brule River State rial from the ring or grill. Make sure the (>50% white cedar); lowland hardwoods are encouraged to limit their activities Forest. fire is out and the grill or fire ring cool (>50% black ash, red maple, mountain Various loops provide a variety of to designated areas. maple, and balsam poplar); and alder terrain suitable for both the beginner skier thickets. These wetlands can be found and interesting enough for the advanced stretching up the river, from near High- skier. Views of the scenic Bois Brule way B to Highway P, just northeast of River can be seen from the River Loop. Solon Springs. The annual Riverview Loppet cross- The white cedar swamps are the most country ski race for both classic and skate unique and striking of the swamp wet- skiers is held the first weekend in March. lands. The cedars are 160 to 200 years This is a combined effort by the Brule old! Six species of orchids, including one River State Forest and the Brule Valley endangered species, may be observed Ski Club. here. There are a total of 171 plant species A Wisconsin State Trail pass is re- found in the swamp wetlands. quired for skiers age 16 years and older and is available by self-registration at the trailhead. Area Offers Many Attractions

You don’t have to travel far from the forest campgrounds to visit the Brule Fish Rearing Station. The grounds are Snowmobiles open from 8:00 a.m. to dusk each day. This facility produces 700,000 trout each & ATVs year to be stocked in streams and lakes around the state. The rearing station is The Brule River State Forest has 32 located on the Little Brule River on Fish miles of snowmobile trails. Snowmobiling Hatchery Road between the DNR Head- and winter ATV use is accessed on the quarters and Highway 27. forest from a parking area on State High- Winter Safety Messages Many recreational opportunities exist way 27, just south of the Town of Brule. within a short drive of the Brule Forest. The Brule-St. Croix Trail is 26 miles long Cross-Country Skiers Ð Trails are groomed, but conditions vary. Don’t ski The Village of Lake Nebagamon, about 8 and connects the parking area on State beyond your ability. Always follow designated trail directions and leave plenty of miles west, has a public swimming beach, Highway 27 to St. Croix Lake. Snowmo- space between you and other skiers. Ski touring is also permitted on unmarked trails ball field, and tennis courts. Lake bile connecting trails link up to Bayfield throughout the forest. Ask at the forest office about trail difficulty. Minnesuing also has a public beach. There County trails and Douglas County trails. Ice Ð The DNR does not monitor ice conditions. Be extremely cautious about ice are two golf courses near Lake These trails may also be used as winter conditions at all times. Springs, currents, and even animal activity may cause thin ice. Nebagamon, one at Poplar and another at ATV trails. The Tri-County Corridor Trail Solon Springs. links Superior to Ashland, crossing the Waterfall lovers will be sure to see forest parallel to and north of US High- Dogs and other pets are allowed in most camp areas, on Amnicon Falls State Park, 13 miles west way 2, and is also available for snowmo- roads and trails, and in other areas of the forest that are not on US Highway 2, and Pattison State biles and ATVs. There is also access to a Pets developed for public use. Pets must be on a leash no longer Park, 24 miles west on County B. 4 1/2 mile trail from Miller Road north to that eight feet and under control at all times. No pets are The Iron River area, 8 miles east on Park Road via the Tri-County Corridor permitted in building and picnic areas or on cross-country US 2, has many beautiful sandy lakes, trail. ski trails and the Stoney Hill Nature Trail. You are respon- known for fishing and boating. For unique Most town roads within Brule and sible for your pet’s actions. If your pet is legitimately inland harbor cities, Duluth, Minnesota Highland townships are open to ATV disturbing others, it is possible that you may be asked to and Superior, Wisconsin are hard to beat. route signs. When using these routes, leave the forest, be issued a citation, or both. Please clean up Shipping and waterfront attractions are ATVs must be operated on the extreme after your pet. Thank you for being a responsible pet owner. available, along with museums and a va- right side of the road. riety of restaurants. 7 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Wildlife of the Brule River State Forest Trails to The great diversity of habitats provides abundant opportunities for anyone Species Spotlight interested in viewing, photographing, or Take Timber wolves, once ex- harvesting wildlife. The key to this diver- tirpated from Wisconsin, The Historic Brule/St. Croix sity lies in the landforms that the Brule are now a relatively com- Portage Trail River has carved out in its path. mon occurrence in the Brule The Brule to St. Croix Portage is part The headwaters start in the Brule Bog, River Valley. The state for- of the National Register of Historic Land- which is comprised of densely forested est is occupied by 4 differ- marks. This trail, just less than 2 miles conifer swamps, lowland hardwoods, and ent wolf packs: Shoberg one way, is the same trail used for centu- alder thickets along the river. Conifer Lake, Moreland Lake, ries by Native Americans, explorers, trad- trees found here are balsam fir, white Casey Creek, and Orienta ers, trappers, and missionaries. This cedar, black spruce, and white spruce. packs. Currently, in 2002, portage was an important connecting link The swamps and alder thickets provide each pack has 3-4 adult mem- from the waters of Lake Superior to the haven for 171 plant species, including 6 bers that occupy the majority of the state-owned lands. Each pack’s territory Mississippi River via the Brule and St. orchids, 38 species of birds, and dozens includes large areas of land owned by private individuals, timber companies, Croix. Daniel Greysolon Sieur duLhut of mammals. Uncommon birds that may and the county. The wolves occupy essentially any rural area that provides was the first one to record the existence of be found here are black-backed three- food and cover, meaning any undeveloped lands with deer, beaver, and rabbits. this trail in 1680. DuLhut was followed toed woodpeckers, red crossbills, Evidence of wolves is most easily found in winter on freshly fallen snow, but by many other notables of early Ameri- Lincoln’s sparrow, and Cape May war- can also be found on sand roads south of US Highway 2 any time of the year. can history, including Jonathon Carver blers. The thermal cover provided by the For those interested in hearing wolves howl, try canoeing in very early and Henry Schoolcraft who were cred- conifer swamps attracts wintering deer in morning or late evening, camping at the Copper Range campground, or using ited with discovery of the source of the large numbers. The high amount of deer some “imitation howls” to initiate their howling. Howling can work at any time Mississippi. You will enjoy this hike as it here, however, may be impeding natural of year but is best done after dark in July and August. This is when the packs follows the upper Brule along scenic bluff regeneration of certain trees and plants have left their dens sites and are using rendezvous sites until the pups are old tops and pine flats. Along the trail you such as white cedar and white pine. enough to travel and hunt with the pack. will find several stone markers commemo- Despite the uniqueness of the Brule rating early trail users. This trail begins at Bog, it is dependent on the surrounding the sign on County Highway A at the uplands for its water source through north end of Lake St. Croix. Parking is groundwater seepage through the sand As the Brule River winds northward, found more commonly in both the true available in the St. Croix picnic area. soils. The sand soils surrounding the head- it cuts through an area of sandy loam soils boreal forests found to the north and waters of the Brule provide the cold- called the Mille Lacs Upland. This land- deciduous hardwoods found to the south. North Country Trail water base flow that contributes to the form is aptly named as it stretches from The early settlers found these forests rich A 16 mile segment of the North excellent trout fishery and water quality. northwestern Minnesota to its eastern in spruce and pine, as well as in the red Country National Scenic Trail passes This sand soils area is also important to most edge here on the Brule River State clay soils suitable for agriculture. Agri- through the forest on its route between the upland wildlife that has adapted to Forest. The fertility and moisture levels culture and logging followed by burning North Dakota and Vermont. This trail this disturbance-dependent community. of this land type are intermediate be- changed the character of the habitats. offers a true outdoor experience to its Natural fires were once common on these tween the wet soils of the Brule Bog and Steep ravines dissecting a mosaic of up- users. The trail may be accessed from a dry soils and created a mosaic of large the infertile, dry soils of the sands region. land forests, comprised of early succes- new trailhead and marker dedicated to open grassy areas, shrubs, and sparse This moderate level of fertility and mois- sional species such as aspen, wooded Senator Gaylord Nelson, located 8 miles trees intermixed with mature forests domi- ture allow a diversity of plants and ani- wetlands, and farmlands, now character- south of Brule along WI Highway 27. nated by Jack and red pines. This area is mals to flourish here, comprised of a ize this area. The steep wooded ravines In addition to this trailhead, there is a often referred to as “barrens” due to the mixture of species found in both dryer offer shelter from deep winter snows and NCT trailhead on Highway S and at the lack of fertility, which forced many early conifer soils and moister hardwood- cold weather for wintering wildlife such north end of Lake St. Croix on County settlers to other areas, or livelihoods that dominated areas. This area supports the as deer, songbirds, coyotes, and bobcats. Highway A, where the Brule/St. Croix were not dependent on farming. greatest area of northern red oak; in turn, Aspen forests provide excellent habitat Historical Portage Trail and the North This large mosaic of habitats attracts this attracts large numbers of animals that for ruffed grouse, deer, bear, snowshoe Country Trail follow the same route for 110 species of upland birds (30 more use feed on nature’s crops of acorns, while hares, and woodcock for those interested the first 2 miles. the scattered small lakes and wetlands) preparing for northern Wisconsin harsh in hunting opportunities. The fallow fields winters. Gray squirrels, black bears, and attract songbirds such as bobolinks, mead- Old Bayfield Road Hiking and and 19 species of mammals. Birds con- Snowshoe Trail sidered as declining nationwide but com- deer are abundant near here and attract owlarks, marsh hawks, vesper sparrows, This approximately 21/4 mile trail mon here are sharp-tailed grouse, upland much attention during the fall hunting and upland sandpipers that historically is located 3 miles north of Highway 2 sandpipers, clay-colored sparrows, and seasons. were found in native prairies and savan- on Clevedon Road. The trail goes vesper sparrows. Whip-poor-wills are a As the Brule nears the end of its jour- nas. The fertile clay soils provide oppor- eastward down a hill, past some old common bird nesting in large open grassy ney to Lake Superior, it increases its tunity to restore and enhance wetlands copper mine sites, and then climbs areas and are easily heard on warm sum- speed as it races through the old lakebed once altered for farming. The wetlands back up a scenic ridge passing near mer nights. Uncommon mammals that that deposited deep layers of red clay attract a variety of nesting and migratory the Clevedon fire tower. (Please do can be seen here are badgers and timber soils. The original forests and wildlife shorebirds, waterfowl, and amphibians. not climb the ladder. It is illegal and wolves. were comprised of a mixture of species it is unsafe without proper training and equipment). The trail continues south and loops back to the parking Bird Watching in the Naturalist lot. During the winter months the trail is packed for snowshoeing. Brule River State Forest Programs Stoney Hill Nature Trail The 1.7 mile self-guided nature trail A naturalist offers programs A bird guide of the Brule River State migratory birds heading further north, begins and ends at the Bois Brule Camp- from Memorial Day through Labor Forest is available from the superinten- allowing them to maintain their health ground. Parts of the trail are steep, but a rest Day. Check the campground dent. To get a copy, stop at the Brule for nesting. stop and overlook at the top of Stoney Hill bulletin boards and the forest office provides an enjoyable break, with a breath- DNR office or write the forest superin- Spotlight: for schedules. taking view of the Brule River Valley. tendent. The guide lists species seen in Many species of birds the forest and habitat used. It also identi- reach their greatest Hunter Walking Trails fies seven easily accessible locations abundance in There are over 40 miles of hunter where people can safely stop and enjoy a the barrens lo- walking trails within the Brule River wide multitude of birds. Additional in- cated in and State Forest. formation can be found in Wisconsin Fa- Sticker 1 around the ¥ Casey-Percival Creek Ð 14 /4 mile trail vorite Bird Haunts published by Brule River State Required near Copper Range campground. Wisconsin’s Society of Ornithology. Forest. Many of these species’ popu- ¥ Beaupre Springs Ð 5 mile trail near The Brule River passes through a wide lations are believed to be declining A vehicle admission sticker, either Lake St. Croix variety of habitats and has long been a based on annual surveys. Species like daily or annual, is required on all vehicles ¥ Afterhours Road Ð 15 mile trail off of favorite area for observing birds and other the sharp-tail grouse, upland sand piper, entering and stopping in the Brule River Highway 2 wildlife. The Brule River State Forest is clay-colored sparrow, and rufous-sided State Forest campgrounds and the Bois ¥ Hilltop Ð 7.6 mile trail on County home to many species, including war- towhee can be found in the open shrub- Brule picnic area. The annual sticker is Road B near Winneboujou Landing blers and the less common black-backed grass land type barrens, while the Con- valid at all state parks, forests, and recre- woodpecker, saw-whet owls, sharp-tailed For additional information on the North necticut warbler has been found in fair ation areas for the calendar year. Admis- grouse, and LeConte’s sparrow. The for- Country Trail and other trails within the numbers in mature Jack pine stands. sion fees and camping fees help to support est and wetlands are an important stop for State Forest contact the Brule River State the state forest and park system. Forest Headquarters. Brule River State Forest Visitor 8

Forest EMERGENCY INFORMATION Campgrounds Emergency There are two public campgrounds in the Brule River State Forest. Campsites Notify forest headquarters, forest staff or call 911. are on a first come first serve basis. Cop- Public phones are located on County H near Copper Range and on Hwy 2 in Brule. per Range has 17 campsites with 2 sites Emergency messages can be left for campers by calling the forest headquarters available for double occupancy. This campground is located approximately 4 (715) 372- 5678 miles north of the Village of Brule. Bois or the Douglas County Sheriff’s Department Brule, with 23 campsites, is near the (715) 395-1371. Brule Forest Headquarters. Each campground provides a site for persons with Non-emergency – Notify the forest headquarters or staff. disabilities. Both campgrounds are ac- Medical assistance is available at St. Mary’s Hospital of Superior, 3500 Tower Ave., cessible by canoe. Most campsites pro- (715) 392-8281, 25 miles west of the forest. vide adequate space for either tents or a trailer. Each site has a picnic table, fire Messages grate, and parking for 2 vehicles. Pit Will be delivered to campers by calling the forest office (715) 372-5678 or may be mailed to the toilets and hand pumps for water are Brule River State Forest, 6250 S. Ranger Rd., Brule, WI 54820 provided. A state park and forest admis- sions sticker is required year-round for all motor vehicles entering the forest, in addition to the camping fee. Bois Brule Campground

Canoe Landing Bo is Bru Picnic Area le River 8 7

12 10 Walk-in 9 sites parking 11 Not to scale 18 Toilets Water pump Bulletin board 6 19 Self-Registration 5 20 17 16 Station 21 14 4 3

Station 1 block Toilet Ranger 15 Stoney Hill Nature Trail Parking Nature Trail Recycling/Waste Station Ranger Station Road

Copper Range Campground

Dead Park Road End Road Toilets Snowmobile/ 31 32 Waste/ Hiking Trail Recycle 45 Station 33 44 34

35 GP5/03 B Canoe 39 43 o 41 PRINTED ON 37 RECYCLED i Landing PAPER s 36 B 42 The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources ru provides equal opportunity in its employment, pro- le grams, services and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan. If you have any questions, please write R 38 40 Water pump to Equal Opportunity Office, Department of the iv Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. Not to scale e Bulletin board This publication is available in alternate format r (large print, Braille, audio tape, etc.) upon request. Please call 608-267-7494 for more information.

PUB-FR-158 2004