Participating Countries and Police Stations

POLICE STATION VISITORS WEEK 3-9 November 2013

(BANGLADESH, INDIA, NEPAL AND PAKISTAN)

REPORT OF RESULTS IN SOUTH ASIA

Institute for Development and Communication (IDC) Sector 38A, Chandigarh - 160014 (India) Tel. +91 - 172 - 2625941 Fax. +91 - 172 - 2625942 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.idcindia.org

IDC is a founding member of Altus Global Alliance. Author : Rainuka Dagar Published by : Institute for Development and Communication (IDC)

This publication may be freely reproduced, abstracted, or translated, in part or whole, with acknowledgement but may not be sold or used in conjunction with commercial activities. Financial support for Police Station Visitors Week 2013 was provided by the UK Department for International Development. CONTENTS

Foreword 1 Acknowledgement 3 Summary 6 An Introduction to PSVW 8 PSVW 2006-2013 : What were the award winning practices from around the world 11 Participating countries and police stations 15 Visitors profile and feedback 28  Visitors categories and their viewpoints 34 How were the scores collected and calculated 37 Categories of assessment and top performers 38  Global overview of citizen assessments of participating police stations 41  Country-wise top police stations 42 Good practices highlighted 46 About Altus Global Alliance 52

Mission of Altus

Altus is a global alliance working across continents and from a multicultural perspective to improve public safety and justice. Altus places special emphasis on police accountability and the quality of police oversight, serving as a source of knowledge and innovation for governments, police leaders, human rights activists, legislators, journalists and citizens around the world, concerned about the effective and fair control of policing.

FOREWORD

The major challenge for Altus is to build a strategic focus of PSVW. This has to be evolved in accordance to its users i.e. at the level of civil society, policy makers, police professionals. A multilayered focus has to be nurtured including integration with broader governance and police reforms and access to police services as a right and to provide visibility and recognition to police station as a nerve centre of policing.

Another challenge is to create enabling conditions for citizens to raise relevant questions like making police stations diversity and gender-sensitive, spatially less hostile and accountable and transparent for delivery of police service.

Many of these challenges have been transformed into opportunities by PSVW. It has documented many instances of best practices as an outcome of this programme. It has generated comparative knowledge on policing methods, local needs and expectations. It has directly promoted police-public interaction and created a forum for police-community partnership to further justice-delivery and promote human rights standards.

These post-colonial societies have a legacy of multi-cultural population with multiple identities of ethnicity, religion and caste, in a development context it is still grappling with poverty, disparities, hunger and scarce resources. In such a situation, delivery of justice becomes central to human existence. And police stations that are the first contact of citizens to get justice, become central to any reform initiative.

A PSVW report on South Asia has documented good practices. A number of initiatives on issues of community-police interface, improvement in police station services and various oversight bodies to ensure citizen engagement were documented for further dissemination. The regional report on South Asia concludes that, ‘the most visible change in police stations in India and even Nepal and to some extent in Pakistan has been the upgrading of basic facilities and citizens engagement in systemic manner, particularly through the Community Policing Resource Centres (CPRCs) in the Indian Punjab.’

However, after all these editions of PSVW, a major challenge remains to make police station more diversity and gender-sensitive in South Asia. Efforts are needed to create enabling conditions for citizen engagement in making these reforms sustainable.

Pramod Kumar Altus Chairperson

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Altus Global Alliance would like to acknowledge the support of police agencies and community groups that participated in the four countries of Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. An event of this magnitude required assistance from all sectors, whether passing word on to a team or taking the extra hours to make a visit. Altus would like to give special thanks to the following organisations, without whose efforts the PSVW 2013 would not have taken this shape.

INDIA: Assam: •Lawyers Bar Association Rice Mills •B.J.P. Party •Chairman members, Guwahati; Amritsar Rural: •ITI Committee Baluana; Ferozepur: •B.J.P. Baba Bakala •Social Welfare Department Party •Jawahar Navodaya School Mahian Lopoke •International Engineering College, Wala Kalan •NGO Committee Zeera •Truck Ramtirath •Senior Secondary Girls School, Union Zeera •Govt. Middle School Bhindi Saida •Senior Secondary School Resulpur •Nagar Council Jagbani •Social Mathiala; Barnala: •Holy Heart School Worker Municipal Council •BJP Circle head Mahal Kalan; Bathinda: •Welfare members •Members Freedom Society •Market Committee Kotfatta; Fighters •Youth Welfare Society •President Chandigarh: •Community Liasoning Groups Rice Mill •Senior Citizen Association; ( Sector 17, 23, 26, 31) •Family Planning Hoshiarpur: •Khalsa Senior Secondary Association of India •Jan Sikshan Schoo •G.G.N. Public School Sansthan •Market Associations. (Sector-36, Mukerian •Truck Union Mukerian •Lions 31 and 17) •National Service Club Garhshankar •Akali Dal Scheme •Government Model Senior Mahilpur •Nehru Yuva Kendra Secondary School (19, 22, 35) •Punjab and Dasuha •Traders Association Dasuha •Govt. Haryana Bar Council •Resident Welfare Senior Secondary School •Bhai Ganniah Associations. (Sector 36 and 31) •Students Charitable Trust Tanda •Old Age Home Human Rights Network •Surya Tanda •Urban Congress Mahilla Mandal Foundation •The Reads •Youth Technical Party Gardhiwala •Shiromani Akali Dal Training Institute •Law department Panjab Hoshiarpur •The Rahat Club University; Delhi: •Resident Welfare Hoshiarpur •Mahilla Pradhan Committee •Market welfare Hoshiarpur •Balmiki Sabha Committee •Senior Citizen Committee •IIT, Hoshiarpur •Sports Club Hoshiarpur •Govt. New Delhi •Women Wings, Vasant High School Bajrawar •CPSC, PSOC Vihar •Life Care Regeneration •Bharat Members Punjab •Sarpanch Punjab Samaj Sevak; Faridkot: •Pesticide Union Panchayats •Muncipal Councillers •Block Kotkapura •Hansraj Memorial College Samiti Members •Zila Parishad Members; Bajakhana •National Club Faridkot; Jallandhar Commissionareate: •Gurudwara Fatehgarh Sahib: •Truck Union •Tempo Singh Sabha Cantt •Lions Club •New Star and Rickshaw Union •Rehri Market Youth and Sports Club •Association Focal Association •D.J. System and Musical Point •Association Dana Mandi •Iron Group Association; Fazilka: •Association Market Association •AutoDealer

Association •Punjab Scooter Seller Saida •Guru Gobind Sigh Social Welfare Association •Jalandhar Focal Point Organisation •Guru Nanak College Association •Rotary Club •Cloth Market Budhlada •Guru Teg Bhadur College Association •Senior Secondary School Boha •Jan Seva Club •Lions Club, Bandhni Lohiana •Surjeet Memorial Club •Public Kalan •M.K.D. Memorial School Senior Secondary School Shahkot •Manav Budhlada •Malwa College Sardulgarh Kalyan Sanstha Shahkot •Dhiman Factory Women Wing, Jhunir •Malwa Youth Nakodar; Jallandhar Rural: •Chintpurni Club •Mansa Club •Member Lok Welfare Club, Mehatpur •Govt. Senior Adalat •Mistri Union •N.M. College •N.S.S. Secondary School, Mehatpur •B.S.P. Unit •North West College Dhudhike, President •Truck Union Nakodar •Guru Ajeetwal •Shiromani Gurudwara Nanak National College Nakodar •D.A.V. Prabandhak Committee Saidwala •Shiv College Phillaur •Market Committee Shakti Seva Samiti, Bandhni Kalan •Sidhu Phillaur •Medical Store Association, Sports Club Laliawali •Suvidha Adampur •Krishna Commercial Institute, Centre •Woose Association Budhlada; Bhogpur •Sikh Welfare Society Moga: •A.D. College, Dharamkot •Bibi Bhani Bhogpur •Cloth Market Association, Institute Sports Club Dharmkot •Commission Adampur •Press Club Adampur •Lions Club Agent Group Samalsar •D.M. Adampur •President Congress Party •Ajeet College •Dashmesh Youth Sports and Newspaper Kartarpur •Pehredar Newspaer Welfare Club •Dev Samaj School Kartarpur •Vishwakarma Market; (Boys) •District Co-ordinator Member, Kapurthala: •Milk Society •Taxi Union Adarsh School •District Co-ordinator, Bolath Kapurthala •Auto Union Patti •Guru Amardas Youth Club Kapurthala •Market Association •Truck Mehna •Guru Ramdass Ji Girls Welfare Union Kapurthala •Guru Nanak College Society, Dharamkot •Gurudwara Shri Paka Sukhchaina Sahib •Govt. High School, Sahib •Gurukul School Mehna •Jagat Sevak Sultanpur Lodhi •Sant Prem Sigh College School Mehna •Khalsa Girls College, Begowal •Jhandmal School •Anand Public Mehna •Mahilla Mandal Dharamkot School, Saffron Senior Public School Municipal Council, Baghapura •Navyug Phagwara •Shaheed Udham Singh Club Public School Dharamkot •Nihal Singh Ranipur •Commission Agents of Vegetable Wala •North West College Association Market •Lions Club Sultapur Dhudhike •Panchayat Members •Plumber Lodhi •Rural Institute of Technology, Union Moga •Polytechnic College, Jabbowal Sultanpur •Women Helpline, Rode •Saanjh Kendra Committee Kapurthala; Khanna: •Red Cross Society, Members •Saanjh Kendra Jung Sports and Khanna •Hindi Putri Pathshala •A.S. Welfare Club, Dharamkot •Samaj Seva College •Student Police Unit, Society Moga •Shaheed Bhagat Singh Sports Machiwara •Charan Kamal Sports and Club •Shiv Shakti Seva Samiti Lions Club, Welfare Club Machiwara •Govt. High School, Badhni Kala •Sports Club Fatehgarh Chak Maji •Co-operative Society; Mansa: Panjtoor •Youth Akali Dal Samalsar; Patiala: •Baba Dhijan Das Prabandhak Committee, •Mahilla Mandal Rajpura, Samana Jhunir •Baba Jhabbal Nath Club •Baba Rupnagar •Dairy Union •Khalsa School Mahordas Sports Club •Commission Agents Anandpur Sahib •Truck Union, Bhagwant Association Budhlada •Dashmesh Youth Pur; Roopnagar: •Dairy Union •Khalsa Sports and Welfare Club, Bandhli Kala •Govt. School Anandpur Sahib •Truck Union •D.A.V. Girls School Boha •Govt. Secondary School Public School; SAS Nagar: •Paragon School,

Mohali; SBS Nagar: •Truck Union (SBS College Rail Majra •Govt. Senior Secondary Nagar, Banga, Pojewal) •Janta Tampoo School Saroya •Navodya Vidhyala Union (Balachaur, SBS Nagar, Kathgarh, Pojewal •Delhi Cambridge School Pojewal) •Public School Pojewal •Rotary Club •Lions Club •Go Green Langoria •Community Policing Committee Club •Doaba Seva Samiti •Dharmik Utsav Rahon •Govt. Senior Secondary School Boys Committee •Eye Donation Rahon •Modern Public School Banga •Satluj Association •Manav Adhikar Manch •Strong Public School Bansa •Amardeep Shergil Arm Wrestling Association •Govt. Memorial College Mukandpur •Senior Elementary School Utara •Govt. Senior Secondary Girls School, Balachaur •Delhi Secondary School Garaha •M.R. City Public Cambridge School Pojewal •D.A.V. Senior School Balachaur •Garibdasi Girls College Secondary School Kathgarh •Market Rattewal •Govt. Public School Association, SBS Nagar •Taxi Union, Balachaur •Center Union •Mata Bala Mukandpur,Behram, S.B.S. Nagar •D.N.A. Sundari Union Pojewal; Tarn Taran: •Social College of Education for Women •Market Wokers Group •Medical Association Mahilla Association •Jai Sandhu Model School Pradhan Society •Gurukul College Langodia •Govt. Senior Secondary School Bhikhiwind •Kaum Jathebandi Youth Kahna •Govt. High School Palli J hiki •Govt. Pradhan Federation, Bhikhiwind •Mahilla Elementary School Utara •Rotary Club Wing B.J.P. •Secondary School Khadoor Banga •City Smile Lions Club Banga •Adarsh Sahib •Mata Sahib Kaur Girls College School Khatkar Kalan •Mahindra Hospital Bharowal •Guru Nanak Public School Banga •Charan Kanwal Sr. Secondary School Gobindwal Sahib •Sukhmani Hospital Banga •S.N. College Banga •Human Rights Sarhali •Govt. Senior Secondary School Member Behram •Shiv Public School Harike; Maharashtra: •Mohalla Phagwara •Nari Shakti Behram •Raja Shahib Committee • Committee Liasoning Groups, Senior Secondary School, Jhingran •Govt. (Dadar, Santa Cruz and Shivaji Nagar), Higher Secondary School Harijan •Chemists Mumbai; PAKISTAN: •Sahil, Lahore •Shehri- Association Mukandpur •Friends Club CBE, Sindh •HUJRA (Holistic Understanding Balachaur •Chaman Enterprises for justified Research and Action), Balachaur •Human Rights Association SWAT •Cholistan Development Council, Balachaur •Navjot Public School Bhawalpur; PARTNER ORGRANISATION : Balachaur •Balachaur Public Senior •Central Department of Public Secondary School •D.A.V. School Administration, Tribhuvan University, Nepal; Balachaur •Govt. High School •Rozan - Islamabad, Paksitan; •The Good Bagowal •Doaba Polytechnic College Earth, Bangladesh; Raipur •Rayat and Bahara Polytechnic

Programme Director - PSVW, Altus Global Alliance On 6th June, 2014, the Global Award Ceremony of the PSVW will be held in Antigua, Guatemala. From each region, the Top Police Station will be recognised and best practices shared.

SUMMARY

The Seventh edition of the PSVW was effectiveness of accountability organised from 3rd to 9th November, mechanisms in police stations. 2013 in which 22 countries participated In Bangladesh, the visits were with 1,340 police stations receiving operationalised by The Good Earth in 12,157 citizens. In the South Asian conjunction with Dhaka Metropolitan countries of Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Police. In India, the visits were organised Pakistan, 457 police stations participated,

PS Maqbulpura, Amritsar, Punjab, India

welcoming 8,477 residents to assess the in collaboration with the police services in their local stations. This global departments of Assam, Chandigarh, participatory programme aims at Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Delhi and measurably improving the quality of the Punjab. These were coordinated by the local police services as perceived by local Institute for Development and communities, taking into account the Communication (IDC), Chandigarh, India a capacity of frontline managers in the member of the Altus Global Alliance. The police (e.g. Station Commanders), the institute also coordinated the PSVW in exchange of good practices and the Nepal through a collaboration with

academia in the Central Department of visitors to calculate the overall score for each Public Administration, Tribhuvan University, station, as well as separate scores in five who worked with the National Police Agency categories of service - community of Nepal. In Pakistan, the visits were planned orientation, physical conditions, equal by and supported by Cholistan Development treatment of the public, transparency and Council, HUJRA, Sahil and SHEHRI-CBE in accountability, detention conditions. conjunction with Police of the Pakistan Among the stations visited in India, the National Police Agency. following received the highest overall In India, 431 police stations were visited in scores in their respective states: six different police jurisdictions. In  Assam : PS Basistha , Guhati Bangladesh, 10 police stations participated in  Chandigarh: PS Sector 17 the visits, while in Pakistan six police stations  Delhi : PS Bara Khamba Road, New Delhi represented from three provinces. In Nepal  Meghalaya: PS Lumdiengjri , Shillong 10 police stations were visited. The visitors  Maharashtra : Dadar, Mumbai who participated in the PSVW, ranged from  Punjab: students to retired persons including - PS Division 1, members of residents’ associations, activists, NGOs and traders' groups. Civil society - Ludhiana; Sahnewal, members formed the largest section of the - Ludhiana; Samrala, Khanna visitors. Member of professional bodies Among the stations visited in Bangladesh, associated with policing such as academics, the following received the highest overall lawyers and members of community policing scores. groups were also among the members,  PS Mohammadpur, Dhaka particularly in Bangladesh and India. Among the stations visited in Nepal, the The visitors used a special kit to guide their following received the highest overall visits, following protocols that were the scores. same for visits all over the world.  PS District Police Office, Gorkha Immediately after each visit, the visitors answered a series of questions about what The top station among those visited in they observed and their answers were Pakistan was: collected over the Internet. The Altus Global  PS Baghdad-ul-Jadeed. Bahalwalpur Alliance used the ratings supplied by the

AN INTRODUCTION TO PSVW

The Police Station Visitors Week (PSVW) is world. It is in this context, the PSVW aims a public participatory assessment of local to strengthen police accountability to local police stations to promote global standards citizens, particularly to poor and and share strong practices of service marginalized populations, in dozens of low delivery. and medium income countries simultaneously. Annual visits by groups of The PSVW was first organised by the Altus citizens to local police stations are Global Alliance worldwide in 2006 along with the police and the civil society. In this Participating Countries 2013 programme, citizens visit local police 1 Bangladesh station to assess the services provided by 2 Benin the police. The visits are guided by a 3 Bolivia standardised visitor's kit on a range of 20 4 Brazil indicators. 5 Cameroon These are distributed on five categories of 6 Canada services: Community Orientation; Physical 7 Chile Conditions; Equal Treatment of the Public; 8 El Salvador Transparency and Accountability; and 9 Ghana Detention Conditions. 10 Guatemala Providing access to an effective and 11 Honduras respectful police service is increasingly 12 India recognised as essential to good 13 Kenya governance. Accountability drives 14 Liberia improvement from both the supply and 15 Mexico the demand side: giving police 16 Nepal commanders incentives for improvement 17 Nicaragua and providing information and 18 Nigeria opportunities that allow civil society 19 Pakistan organizations and citizens to guide the 20 Peru direction of reforms. When police are 21 Sierra Leone accountable not only to their superiors and 22 United States the courts, but also directly to the citizens they serve, especially the poor, there is a coordinated globally to produce real chance to undo the fear and distrust of comparable scores on five dimensions of police that is a daily reality around the police service. The visits and the scores

help to identify and promote examples of citizens that they themselves might be good practice nationally and globally, while detained, or asked to pay bribes for the allowing national civil society organisations most routine services, or that they may and local citizens to engage police simply be insulted. These fears and poor commanders in their own regions to management practices lead to the improve services before the next year's underreporting of crime, encourage visits. In addition, the results will inform vigilante justice, and breed contempt for technical assistance that Altus will provide the police all of which undermine public to police organizations and police safety, access to justice and good oversight bodies, thereby measurably governance. The assessment tool of the improving their responsiveness to local police station visits has three important concerns. dimensions. First, the assessment is made by a local citizen on global indicators of THE RELEVANCE OF POLICE STATION policing standards. Thus, international VISITS: standards are provided meaning through a Police reforms are under way world over. local context and individual perceptions. Largely, these reforms range from Secondly, the assessment is made through improving service conditions, regulating a multicultural perspective. Needs of tenure of policemen, training and different community groups and orientation of police staff on human rights vulnerable sections are included both as and even to insulate the police from part of the assessment and also in the political interference. Police stations have criteria of selection of visitors. The not been at the centre of making policing recruitment strategy includes inclusion of more respectful and citizen-oriented, even people on the margins, citizens with low though police stations are the first point of education, migrants, women, Scheduled contact for citizens when they are affected Castes and minorities so that their by crime. concerns relating to police stations are Across the developing world, members of highlighted. Third, the points of the public gain access to police services assessment are not dependent on the through police stations. It is here that stations' material resources of funding or victims of rape report the crime and seek staffing, but are located in the service- assistance; it is here that people with delivery of human rights standards. Are disputes over property come for help; and citizens catered to and comfortable in the it is here that relatives of those who have police station or do they feel fearful even been detained come seeking information. though the station is luxurious and Yet many police stations are dreaded equipped with the latest gadgetry? places to visit raising fears among local By increasing the transparency of police

service at police stations this programme made. The revised instrument the Police seeks to improve trust and cooperation Station Visitors Kit (the Kit) was translated between police and the public, leading to into local languages for coordinated testing greater safety and access to justice. in a single week in 2006. In preparation for this massive test, Altus members organised WHY RELY ON STRUCTURED VISITS TO the visits themselves in their own countries POLICE STATIONS BY LOCAL CITIZENS? and formed agreements with 76 NGOs in THE participatory assessment tool of the other countries to train local team leaders, PSVW has been developed and tested over conduct the visits, and report the scores. In the last six years by a consortium of civil late October 2006, nearly 2,000 participant society organisations around the world. For visitors tested the revised Kit by visiting any member of the public, spending time 471 police stations in 23 countries. in a police station even just an hour Participant countries included Benin, Brazil, generates impressions about whether that Ghana, India, Latvia, Liberia, Malaysia, station is well run and provides good Mexico, Niger, Nigeria, Peru, Sri Lanka, and service. Until now, however, there has South Africa. In each country, Altus or its been no easy to use tools that can capture local NGO partners secured the and quantify these valuable impressions, cooperation of police officials for the Police allowing them to serve as a basis for Station Visitors Week. This was possible change and reform of dysfunctional because Altus emphasised the use of the institutions. In 2002, Altus began Kit to identify good practices. Altus focused developing a participatory evaluation tool attention at national, regional and global to be used by local citizens to measure the levels on the police stations that visitors services rendered by their local police scored the highest, presenting awards to stations. Altus tested the first iteration of the top station commanders and the tool in Chandigarh, Johannesburg, promoting their exemplary practices in Moscow, New York, Pretoria, Rio de global professional forums. Janeiro, and Santiago and revisions were

As compared to early days, police is much concerned about their responsibility. PSVW is a new social instrument to encourage police about good practice of other police stations. Visitor, Dhaka, Bangladesh

PSVW LESSONS FOR CITIZEN-CENTRIC POLICE STATIONS

Police station visits around the world from 2006-2013 point to certain exemplary practices that have appealed to citizens. What makes a police station friendly? What inspires confidence in its citizens? How are the people on the margins made to feel comfortable and PS Kanashkskiy GOVD, Kanash, Chuvash Republic Russia important? Are the rights of detainees safeguarded? Documented here is a brief overview of PSVW good practices ranging from a small balai in Malaysia to a large police complex in Los Angeles.

 COMMUNITY ORIENTATION Citizen-friendly police stations: Helping citizens to use police services with displays explaining citizen rights, how to report a crime and the procedures to use public services is perceived as people-friendly.  Package Services in a Single Window: Coordination with other service agencies, such as services for counselling, domestic violence, security provisions in incidence of gender violence allows the police to provide a more comprehensive service. This one-point information and access network of services reflects efficient and caring service- delivery.  Participatory Outreach and Community Services: Generate support and trust from citizens’ for services such as information on travel agents, tourist assistance provided at the police stations and programmes for seniors and youth etc held in the community. This helps in increase public engagement with PS Bercham, Malaysia the police.

 PHYSICAL CONDITIONS

 Inviting and Open Premises: Well-kept police stations were viewed as friendly while those, even if well- equipped, but with poor ambience, were stated to be drab and institutional. Order and cleanliness demonstrate consideration for public and police staff. PS Moti Dungri, Rajasthan, India  Well-organised Spaces: Clearly demarcated spaces, such as, reception area, crime reporting room, separate counters for different services project an efficiency in dealing with public needs. Organised storage of records and equipment improves the way work is done  Well-equipped Reception Areas: The first point of contact is a reception area. Comfortable seating, well-ventilated lobby and ready assistance make the citizens comfortable.

 EQUAL TREATMENT

 Representative Staff: A presence of representative police personnel reflecting the ethnic, religious and gender composition conveys a commitment to equal treatment.

 Special Services for the vulnerable: Services of language translation, gender and human rights desks, tourist services increase the access of vulnerable groups to police services. PS Trinity, Nigeria, Africa  Disability-friendly: Concern for the disabled with provisions for ‘Braille’, and the presence of ramps convey police sensitivity for the vulnerable.

 TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY

 Sharing of Information: Display of information on public performance including crime trends, community satisfaction, hot-spot San Dimas Los Angeles Police Station, USA mapping, demonstrate openness of police functioning.

 Identification of Police Staff: Clear identification of the name and rank of police staff inspires confidence in citizens.

 Availability of Complaint Procedures and Oversights: Anonymous and simple processes to register complaints and functional oversights encourages accountability to local population.

PS Bicrim Quinta Normal, Chile

 DETENTION CONDITIONS  Clean, uncrowded spaces and serviceable utilities are widely agreed upon as the minimum standards.  Display of rights of detainees: Posting or providing statements of rights of detainees is necessary to allow them to exercise their PS Comandancia Regional Cabo San Lucas, Chile rights.  Demarcated spaces: Separating men from women and children from the adults protects their physical safety and integrity.  Respect for different religions: Facilities accommodating religious worship, trained staff to treat detainees with respect, irrespective of religion, demonstrates the highest standards of professionalism.  Monitoring facilities: Line-of-sight supervision or monitoring through audio-video equipment helps protect the Dot in Cell Hengelo pointing to Mecca, the Netherlands detainees.

PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES AND POLICE STATIONS

In South Asia, 457 police stations were promoting respectful and accountable visited in four countries by 8,477 citizens. policing for citizens' security with The countries of participation were equitable access to police services for all Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. All citizens is a relatively recent concern. It is countries have participated in earlier in this context that collaboration from PSVW editions. India has been involved in both police agencies and civilian the PSVW since its inception, while for stakeholders is a prerequisite for Pakistan it was the fifth year of participation in the PSVW. Further, South participation and for Nepal and Asia has been a preferred choice. Large Bangladesh the fourth year of proportions of populations in the engagement. Other countries in Asia that subcontinent are striving against poverty, have participated in earlier years include marginalisation and insecurity. Sri Lanka, South Korea, Malaysia and Safeguarding their human rights and Maldives. crime prevention becomes essential to provide stability for their livelihood and The PSVW has been organised as a security to their person and belongings. process to engage with stakeholders Integral to the postcolonial legacy is a promoting the delivery of justice within divisive population with bourgeoning the domain of police station services. identities of ethnicity, religion and caste, While the focus has been on the PSVW in a development context which is still coordinated as a weeklong event in Asia grappling to provide its population equal and other parts of the world, its access to basic entitlements. The regional organisation has been towards promoting contiguity of socioeconomic conditions reforms that are attuned to local cultural and similarity of cultural issues in issues rather than only a week of promoting police station reforms has interactions. It is in this context that guided the effort in the subcontinent. building ownership among stakeholders has been a continuing theme with repeat Since policing is a state domain, formal participation from most countries. The approval for visits to the police stations participation in the PSVW is based on a was taken from the relevant departments. number of criteria. Receptivity to the Twelve police agencies participated from reform process has been an underlying the four countries. In India, law and order assumption. While improvements in the is a state subject and sanction from each efficiency and effectivity of law and order state/UT was solicited. In Pakistan, each is the aim of all police agencies, of the provincial police agencies

(Islamabad, Punjab, Sindh and KPK Police) community programmes through a wider were involved (though all selected stations citizen platform. Delhi Police, India could not be visited), while in Nepal both undertook a huge public campaign to invite the Metropolitan and Armed Nepal Police citizens to visit their local stations to instil approved these visits. In Bangladesh, the trust in city police and its people-oriented Dhaka Police supported the programme. programmes. Police support to the programme stemmed 2. Continuity to initiatives and from these three issues: performance improvement 1. Citizen support for police reforms A number of participating police agencies, While state commitment to police reforms such as, Chandigarh and Punjab in India underlined police participation in the and Bahawalpur in Pakistan have been part PSVW, the relevance of community of PSVWs held in the country. These police participation in policing reflected different stations participated to consolidate citizen flavours. Some police stations found the responsive programmes and services. This PSVW appropriate to spread awareness varied by improving facilities in Chandigarh among the citizens regarding police to include a wider range of population to readiness to interact with community and build community police exchange to even showcase modernised facilities and showcase initiatives undertaken in the services available for citizens as in Nepal. respective police station as in Bahawalpur. Others were keen to mobilise community In Pakistan, in spite of a difficult law and to utilise available services while still order situation six police stations others wanted to strengthen their existing participated and stakeholders reflected The behavior of new police their commitment to improve police citizen exchange by organising a national agency was very cooperative workshop. during this week and they did their best to facilitate the 3. Consolidation and agenda building community while asking Punjab Police, India, organised the PSVW in questions. The police all its districts in rural and urban areas to generate widespread community personnel of the concerned mobilisation and strengthen community police stations also showed policing networks. The State has ongoing their interest and were eager police station reforms with certain police to hold such weeks in the services (26 services) being provided future too. through the Community Policing Centres Civil Society Member, (CPCs) and Saanjh Kendras that are being Pakistan managed by a joint police community

Many differences can be seen viewpoints on the PSVW: comparatively to earlier police Global participation and linkages thanas. After the new Incentive for a global representation in programme staff has increased keeping with the local constraints and and their behaviour has specificities has continued to be a hallmark changed. SaanjhKendras has of the PSVW police participation. Stations provided homely environment. to the PSVW assessments are encouraged Visitor, Punjab, India by the idea of being part of a global movement, providing local pride and an committee. This is a local reform initiative assertion to be part of a global world. that has revamped the delivery of certain According to a Station Commander in services under a police-public partnership Pakistan, 'Hosting this visit has not only that has been institutionalised in the state built our capacity, but encouraged us to governance. The PSVW helped to activate work more professionally and sincerely, so these committees and penetrate into that services and impression of best citizen groups. In Bangladesh, the PSVW is policing can be reflected and the world can an occasion to test state level initiatives change its perception about the police.' and changes taking place year round. Police agreement to participation was Bangladesh is one of the few countries that most forthcoming when the participation has an ongoing programme on police was global rather than only Asian. A station reforms with 'Model Police persistent query has been regarding Stations' being evolved with the support of participation from developed countries, United Nations Development Programme such as, Australia, Singapore and UK. (UNDP). The PSVW provides testing ground Rating their services among more and feedback to these programmes. developed countries rather than only FEEDBACK FROM THE POLICE engaging with the police forces from Police participation from a number of developing countries of Asia and Africa was agencies has been continuous in the seen without incentive. Developing annual PSVW visits. societies, on the other hand, such as, Nepal and Bangladesh were sceptical of Has the police viewpoint on PSVW participating with global leaders in policing. evolved? Does it continue to be a public However, the global standards were seen relation and image boosting exercise? Has as easily achievable and relevant indicators it strengthened public support and when they were interpreted by local importantly, does the police find the PSVW communities and this provided the balance useful in its people centred agenda? for a global rating. Following has been a range of police

Promoting the human face of policing A separate helpdesk for women Police station level personnel were keen to and senior citizens in the form of reflect the human face of policing. a bamboo hut was constructed. According to a Station Commander in We required this separate place India, 'The police is not only a tough force as ours is a small police station dealing with criminals, but is also providing and we are already running out care to victims which is not reflected in its of space. I always wanted to do image.' something of this sort, but PSVW It was a good opportunity to gave a reason to do this. I have clean up the whole police not done this to win but we station, including the lock-ups. actually required this. Now, it is a permanent feature. Earlier there PSVW offered a good chance was no separate space for to change the face of our women but now 6 to 8 people police station. Such can easily sit there, especially programmes offer public a when they require privacy to chance to visit the police deal with family disputes. station and make them aware Visitor, Delhi, India. about policing. Network and pubic stakeholders Visitor, Delhi, India. A repeated feedback was the need to involve citizens in promoting policing Building capacity of police personnel services. The PSVW, according to many of the police personnel, provided common Police reforms are yet to penetrate many citizens with the scope of police of the far flung police stations. Existing functioning and the relevance of citizens' training of police rank and file is yet to be collaboration with police functioning. attuned to service-oriented and respective policing. The 20 indicator kit was found to A good programme to reduce be relevant and easy to grasp for the the gap between Police and personnel posted in police stations. public and improve According to a senior police personnel in networking with each other. It India, 'Practical programmes on is also helpful to strengthen community-based events at times provide more sensitisation to the constabulary.' communal harmony. More females should be motivated

to participate. Visitor, Assam, India 18

Engagement for good performance commander from Pakistan stated that, 'since our police station was on top last Good practices identified in police stations time, it was a challenge for me to keep the encouraged police to better their winning streak.’ Police station Baghdad-ul- performance. Stations that received Jadeed, the winning station from recognition at the local or regional level Bahawalpur, is visited often by the became involved in improving and community and police personnel from maintaining their standards. This was other police stations to see their ‘best’ particularly stated by Bahawalpur Baghdad station and its practices. -ul-Jadeed station Pakistan, and in stations of Ludhiana in Punjab, India. A police

“As there is a ceremony organized for the winning police station, it creates an environment of great competition between other police stations to participate with full energy in the coming PSVWs. They do their best during the whole year to facilitate the community” Visitor, Pakistan

PS Uniam, Shillong , Meghalaya

THE POLICE STATIONS THAT PARTICIPATED IN POLICE STATION VISITORS WEEK 2013

BANGLADESH

Dhaka

Dhanmondi DMP Gulshan DMP Khilgaon DMP Mirpur DMP Mohammadpur DMP  Pallabi DMP Paltan DMP  Ramna DMP Shahbag DMP  Tejgaon DMP

PS Shahbag, Bangladesh, India

INDIA

Assam Basistha Bharalumukh  Chandmari Dispur Geeta Nagar Gorchuk Hatigaon P  Jalkibari Panbazar Panbazar Women

PS Gorchuk, Assam, India PS Gorchuk, Assam, India

Chandigarh Sector 17 Sector 19 Sector 31

PS Sector 36, Chandigarh, India

Delhi Adarsh Nagar Amar Colony  Anand Vihar Barakhamba Road Begum Pur  Bhajanpura Connaught Place CR Park Dwarka Sector - 23  Gandhi Nagar Geeta Colony  Greater Kailash GTB Enclave Inderpuri Jama Masjid  Janakpuri Kalkaji Kamla Market Keshav Puram Kirti Nagar KN Katju Marg  Kotwali Lodhi Colony  Malviya Nagar Mandir Marg Mauriya Enclave Maya Puri Mehrauli Nabi Karim  Najafgarh Narela New PS Lodhi Colony, Delhi, India Ashok Nagar Paschim Vihar  Rajender Nagar Roop Nagar Sadar Bazar Sarita Vihar  Seelampur South Rohini  Subhash Place Subzi Mandi  Timar Pur Tughlak Road  Vasant Vihar Welcome

Meghalaya Laban Laitumkhrah  Lumdiengjri Madanriting  Mawlai Nongthymmai  Pasteur Beat House Rynjah  Sadar Umiam

PS Mawlai, Meghalaya, India

Maharashtra Mumbai: Dadar Santa Cruz Shivaji Nagar

PS Shivaji Nagar, Maharashtra, India

Amritsar Airport Amritsar Cantt Chherata Civil Lines Division A Division B Division C Division D Division E Gate Hakima Islamabad Jandialaguru Maqbolpura Rajasansi Airport Sadar Amritsar  Sultanwind Amritsar Rural Ajnala Babakela Beas Bhundi Saidan Chattiwind Gharinda Jhander  Kambo Kathu Nagal Khilchian Lopoke Majitha Matewal Mehta Ramdas Tarsika

PS Div B, Amritsar, Punjab, India 0

Barnala Bhadaur City barnala Dhanaula Kotwali City Mahalkalan Rurke

Kalan Sadar Barnala Sehna  Talewal Tapa Thuliwal

PS Tapa, Barnala, Punjab, India

Batala City Batala Civil Line Dera Baba Nanak Fatehgarh Churian Ghuman Gk bangar Kotu Surat Mallian Qadian Qilla Lal Singh Ranger Nangle Sadar Batala Sekhwan Shri Hargobindpur Bathinda Balianwali Canal Colony Cantonement Civil Lines Dialpura Kot Fatta Kotwali Mour  Nandgarh Nathana Nehian Wala Phul Raman Rampura Sadar Sadar Rampura Sangat Talwandi

Sabo Thermal Bathinda Women PS Bathinda Faridkot Bajakhana City Faridkot City Kotkapura  Jaito Sadar Faridkot Sadar Kotkapura Sadiq

PS Sadik, Faridkot, Punjab, India

Fatehgarh sahib Amloh Badali Ala Singh Bassi Pathana Fatehgarh Sahib Khamano Mandi Gobindgarh Mulepur Sarhind Fazilka Arni Wala Bahaw Wala City 1 Abohar City 2 Abohar City Fazilka City Jalalabad Khuyian Sarwar Sadar Abohar Sadar Fazilka Sadar Jalalabad Ferozepur Cantt Ferozepur City Ferozepur  Ghall Khurd Kulgarhi Lakho Ke Makhu Mamdot Sadar Zira Gurdaspur Behranmpur Bhaini Mian Khan City Gurdaspur Dhariwal Dina Nagar Dorangla Ghuman Kala Kalanaur Khanuwan  Purana Shalla Sadar Tibber Hoshiarpur 

Bullowal Chabbewal City Hoshiarpur Dasuya  Gardhiwala Garhshankar Hajipur Hariana  Mahalpur Mentina Model Town Mukerian  Sadar Hoshiarpur Talwara Tanda Jalandhar  Baradari (Navi) Basti Bawa Khel Bhargo Camp  Cantt. Jalandhar Division 1 Division-2 Division-3 Division-4 Division-5 Division-6 Division-7  Division-8 Rama Mandi Sadar Jalandhar Jalandhar Rural Adampur Bhogpur Bilga  Goraya Kartarpur Lambra Lohian Maqsudan  Mehatpur Nakodar City Nakodar Sadar  Nurmahal Patara Phillaur Shahkot PS Model Police Station, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Kapurthala Begowal Bholath City Kapurthala City Phagwara Dhilwan Fattudhinga Kabirpur Kotwali  Rawalpindi Sadar Kapurthala Sadar Phagwara Satnampura Sultanpur Lodhi Talwandi Ch.

PS City Kapurthala, Punjab, India

Khanna Doraha Khanna City Machhiwara Maloud Payal Sadar Khanna Samrala

Ludhiana Basti Jodewal Daba Darisi Division 1 Division 2 Division 3 Division 4 Division 5  Division 6 Division 7 Division 8 Dugri Focal Point Haibowal Jamalpur Kumbh Kalan Ladhowal  Meharban Model Town Moti Nagar PAU Sadar Ludhiana City Sahnewal Salem Tabri Sarabha Nagar Shimlapuri Ludhiana Rural City Jagraon Dehlon Hathur Jodhan Raikot City Raikot Sadar Sadar Jagraon Sidhwan Bet Sudhar

PS Division I, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Mansa Bareta Bhikhi Boha Budhlada City I Mansa City II mansa Jaurhkian Jhunir Joga Kotdharmu  Sadar Budhlada Sadar Mansa Sardoolgarh

PS Mansa, Punjab, India Moga Ajitwal Badni Kalan Baghapurana City Moga City South Moga Dharamkot Fatehgarh Panjtoor  Kot Isse Khan Mehna Nihal Singh Wala Sadar Moga Samalsar

PS City I, Moga, Punjab, India Muktsar Bariwala City Sri Mukatsar Sahib Gidderbaha Kabbarwala Kotbhai Lakhewali Lambi Malout City Muktsar Sadar Sadar Malout Pathankot Dhar Kalan Div No-1 Div No-2 Kanwan Mamoon Narot Jaimal Singh Sadar Pathankot Shahpur Kandi Sujanpur Tara Garh

Patiala Bakshiwala Banur Bhadson City Rajpura Civil Line Ghagga Ghanaur Julka Kheri Gandian  Kotwali Nabha Kotwali Patiala Lahori Gate Pasiana Patran Sadar Nabha Sadar Patiala Sadar Rajpura Sadar Samana Samana Sanaur Shambhu Tripari Urban Estate patiala Women PS Patiala Rupnagar Anandpur Sahib Chamkaur Sahib kiratpur Sahib Morinda Nangal Nurpur Bedi Rupnagar City  Sadar Rupnagar Singh Bhagwantpura 25

SAS Nagar Balongi City Kharar Derabassi Handesa Kurali Lalru Matour Naya Gaon Phase-I Phase-II Sadar Kharar Sadar Kurali Sohana Zirakpur

SBS Nagar Balachaur Behram City Banga City Nsr Kathgarh Mukandpur NRI Pojewal Rahon Sadar Banga  Sadar Nawanshahar

PS City Nawanshahar, SBS Nagar, Punjab, India

Sangrur Amargarh Bhawanigarh Cheema Chhajli City Ahmedgarh City II Malerkotla City Malerkotla  Dharamgarh Dhoori Dirbha Khanuri Lehra Longowal Moonak Sadar Ahmedgarh Sadar Dhuri  Sadar Sangrur Sadar Sunam Sandaur Sangrur City Sherpur Sunam City

Tarn Taran Bhikiwind Chohla Sahib City Tarn Taran Govindwal Sahib Harike Jhabal Khalra Khem Karan  Sadar Tarn Taran Sarai Amanat Khan Sirhali Verowal Voltoha

PS Sadar Tarn Taran, Punjab, India

NEPAL

Ambu Khaireni, Tanahu Balaju, Kathmandu Boudha, Kathmandu District Police Office, Gorkha District Police Office, Tanahu Gajuri, Dhading Mangalbazar, Lalitpur Minbhawan, Kathmandu Mugling, Chitwan Thimi, Bhaktapur

PS District Police Office, Tanahu, Nepal

PAKISTAN

Baghdad-ul-Jadeed, Bhawalpur  Kabal, Swat Mangora, Swat PS Cantt, Bhawalpur Sihala, Islamabad  Women PS, Islamabad

lBaghdad-ul-Jadeed, Pakistan

VISITORS PROFILE AND FEEDBACK

The 457 police stations of South Asia that Pakistan was due to the nature of the participated in the PSVW 2013 received participating civil society and the 8,477 visitors. By far the largest majority women's organisation being a significant of visitors was from India where 8,354 recruitment agency. But the hesitation of citizens assessed 431 police stations women to interact with the police is well across six states/UTs (Union Territories). expressed in the statements of women In Bangladesh, 50 visitors engaged with who mentioned their own hesitation and 10 police stations in the capital city of traditional curbs on women to interact Dhaka. Due to situational considerations with police stations. In SWAT, there were only six of the 12 police stations selected no women visitors. for the visits could participate in PSVW According to male visitor, being 2013. These station were located in three from the area where they don’t provinces of SWAT, Punjab and the capital territory of Islamabad. In Nepal, 30 interact with women much, he citizens visited 10 police stations in was hesitant to visit a women Kathmandu, the capital city and in six police station but he came other districts. across a different experience The largest percentage of female and was pleased to see women representation came from patriarchal working efficiently and regions in Nepal and Pakistan with answering each and every women forming 47 and 37 per cent of the question in a positive way. visitors. India, however, had the largest The interaction of people from number of female visitors with 2,909 rural community and interacting Women groups have opined with the police in urban that the police stations are community was a positive improving in human rights encounter which solved many situation particularly in case of questions in the minds of both. women, elderly and minors. The use of technology in the Partner Organization, Nepal police station in the form of women constituting 35 per cent of the computers was appreciated by citizens. The profile of visitors in terms of the community as the online sex follows the dominant trend of male data will facilitate the presence in public institutions (65 per community in a better way. cent of the visitors were men and only 35 Visitor, Pakistan per cent were women). The presence of a large number of women visitors in 28

In terms of educational profile, it was the more representation from the older lot of elite who visited the police stations in this group. The 19 to 25 bracket formed South Asia. Around 34 per cent had a the next largest bracket of visitors (11.69 university exposure with 24.19 graduates per cent) followed by the retired with 7.5 and 10.03 having some university per cent. The highest percentage of retired engagement. The next largest group people from within the countries was from belonged to the category of high school India and these were largely drawn from educated (26.28 per cent) with an the residents’ associations. Disaggregate additional 11.61 having some high school data from the country profiles reveals that education. This was followed by citizens certain minority groups formed sizeable having only some elementary education numbers. (12.23 per cent) and an additional 3.93 With this visit I was confident having completed the elementary levels. Bangladesh (74 per cent) and Pakistan of being some one important (53.49 per cent) had the largest number of in the community. visitors who were university degree- Visitor, Dhaka, Bangladesh holders. In India, the number was more In each of the South Asian countries and in spread out with high school forming the states of India, partner organisations were largest contingent, followed by university identified to operationalise the PSVW. and elementary levels. There were very These organisations are local based and few students who visited during the week have contact with the police through their itself with only 2.3 per cent below the age respective work (training, police reforms, of 18 years and that too largely in India. gender sensitisation etc.). They also have However, pre and post-PSVW school media connectivity and networks with civil students, National Cadet Core (NCC) and society organisations. These organisations, National Service Scheme (NSS) groups from such as Rozan in Pakistan, The Good Earth colleges in India formed a large number of in Bangladesh, Central Department of visitors being initiated to see the working Public Administration in Nepal, members of police stations. The pattern of largest of ethnic tribes in Shillong, India obtained participation was from the young to middle police approval for the visits, mobilised age groups with 49.17 per cent from the 40 civil society organisations, enlisted media to 60 age group followed by 30.67 per cent coverage and provided feedback and from the 26 to 39 age group, forming most documentation regarding the PSVW to the of the visitors. This representation was police and civil society organisations. IDC largely constant across the four has had consistent partners in each of the participating countries with Nepal and countries of participation. For instance, in Pakistan having greater representation Pakistan, Rozan has conducted the PSVW from the young groups, while India had ever since Pakistan participated in the year 29

2007 and has been undertaking gender PSVW was also widely announced on the sensitisation with Pakistan Police since the web and local media. A specific mobilising past fourteen years. Nepal and Bangladesh strategy was, however, put in place. It are in their fourth year of participation. included the following: Within the Indian states there has been Advertisement by the Police repeat participation from organisations headquarters helped a lot. The where there have been ongoing projects. whole police station and the For instance, the Community Policing Resource Centres (CPRC) in Punjab have adjoining areas were cleaned up been part of the earlier PSVW as have been and other arrangements were civil society members in the North East. For made once people started participating organisations and mobilising coming in large number the visitors, IDC worked with a range of unexpectedly. Due to the public organisations. These include educational visiting non-stop, we had to institutions where students and teachers conduct our visit quickly. have visited police stations. Community Visitor, New Delhi, India leaders have been an integral group of  Involving existing community policing citizens mobilised to assess police stations, groups so that the local police responds seriously to the event. Another group of participants In much of India the community policing have been recruited from organisations groups formed one hub of visitors. These that hold regular interaction with the included the Community Liaisoning police such as community liaison groups, Groups (CLG) in Chandigarh, Punjab and NGOs or market committees, etc to make Mumbai. In Punjab, an associated them aware of global standards within community policing network, which the police should be interacting with committees of the Community Policing them. Centres (CPCs) formed the team leaders. These members in turn recruited fellow MOBILISING STRATEGY citizens. The regularity of the PSVW has geared We held meetings with RWAs, both the police and civil society MWA, Senior Citizens, like the stakeholders to the annual event. The first regular ones and also informed task, however, remained in gaining them about the week, to approvals from respective police participate and bring people departments. Partner organisations then along. mobilised participating organisations that Station House Officer, New included civil society groups, educational institutions and the common citizens. The Delhi, India

 Vulnerable groups and schools offered a protective cover Across South Asia, a consistent effort for the visits. In India alone 84 was made to include area-specific educational institutions participated. In vulnerable groups. These included Nepal, the initiative was lead by people from lower income groups in all academics from Central Department of countries. Scheduled Castes in India, Public Administration, 14 women migrants in Chandigarh, India, minority academics. group members in Delhi, India and  Civil society collaborations women who cut across all divisions and In all countries of South Asia, existing regions. In Pakistan, women formed civil right groups, such as, human rights visitors in Islamabad capital region and bodies, civil liberty and advocacy groups, Punjab, but could not do so in SWAT, women's rights organisations formed the where women visibility in public preferred choice of visitors. In Pakistan, domains, such as, police stations is not a besides Rozan, NGOs Saahil, Cholistan cultural practice. However, tribal Development Council, Hujra and SHEHRI- members of the Jirgah (Arbitration CBE mobilised the core teams of visitors. Council) in SWAT forms part of the Citizens were also recruited from citizen visitors. and professional associations, such as,  Education institutions resident committees, trade unions, local In certain areas, a comprehensive plan to bodies, market associations and through include college and high school students media coverage. The Good Earth in was organised. The idea was to expose Bangladesh recruited a set of visitors to young growing minds to the nature of balance the female male visitors, police services that are part of their through involvement of professional entitlement to citizenship. Also, in much networks, such as, advocates, human of South Asia it has been difficult to rights bodies and journalists. Similarly in recruit women visitors other than those Nepal, civil society members were representing civil society groups. Policing identified and they in turn recruited is perceived to be very much a masculine activists, students and members of the domain, thus even community policing media to comprise the visiting teams. groups may not have women members,  Public campaigns besides the stigma attached to visiting In two states of India – Punjab and Delhi, police stations. Further, public spaces, a massive public campaign was launched such as, resident welfare groups, traders' to invite citizens to visit and assess their associations are again masculine spaces local police stations. While in Punjab all without significant female membership. police stations participated in the PSVW, Institutional arrangements with colleges

Table - 1 Media Participation in PSVW 2013 mobilisation that 4,104 citizens in Delhi Print Web T.V. Total and 3,933 in Punjab assessed their local Bangladesh 3 3 stations. In Punjab, this number was only India 273 7 1 281 of those who rated the stations and does Nepal 3 3 6 not include the thousands of students, Pakistan villagers and citizens who visited the CPC Total 279 7 4 290 centres and police stations. Source: PSVW, 2013  Local-specific strategies A number of initiatives were taken at the Delhi identified 45 police stations in each local level independent of the broader of its 11 zones. Delhi Police published the recruiting strategy. In different districts of list in national and vernacular newspapers Punjab, India police commanders and CPC and placed posters in market places and centres used different mediums to raise other public spaces to announce the visits awareness, holding sports matches, and the participating stations. Similarly in donation of helmets, two wheeler rallies Punjab, print and television media was (Nawanshahr) spreading the word, engaged to mobilise citizens and spread programmes organised with Mayor at the awareness of the local Saanjh Kendra police station (Amritsar), use of mobile facilities. Punjab State also announced a vans (Awareness Van, Pathankot) that Brand Ambassador (Local Punjabi folk talked about the Saanjh Kendra services to persona Diljit Dosanjh) with a month long rural groups, held camps for keeping city activities organised to spread awareness clean, anti-drug programmes along with of the Saanjh Kendra service-delivery police station reforms being undertaken in programme partnered by police-public. the city. Students from college and high Folk singing, shows, street marches, school were taken on tours of the police television interviews were held a week stations. A feedback session from prior to the PSVW and continued for the community members and visitors post the month. It is due to this large public PSVW was also organised.

Through PSVW visitor can empirically provide community expectations of police service. Visitor, Dhaka Bangladesh

VISITORS CATEGORIES AND THEIR VIEWPOINTS

The visitor category can be broadly classified as civil society members; students, citizen interest groups, such as, resident welfare associations and market committees; community policing groups like the Community Liaison Groups (CLG) and Saanjh Kendra members; and professional bodies, such as researchers and lawyers. Citizen groups in general found the visits educative and contrary to their perceptions of a ‘brutal force’ or ‘dingy areas’ of stations. Many were initially hesitant to visit the stations. Civil society members were encouraged by the idea of establishing service-centred networks with the police while the community policing groups found the visits provided them a more comprehensive idea of police working. “It was a great experience for me to be a part of this activity. The way the group was formed for visiting the police station and the questionnaire which was provided for filling during the visit almost covered all the areas. It was a great learning opportunity for us and we will try to arrange such visits ourselves too for making the police personnel accountable.” Civil Society Member, Pakistan

Civil society visits are means of understanding between police and community. Through such visit, needs of the community reaches police authority and this helps to boost safety and security of the community. Civil Society Member, Bangladesh

PS Ramna, Bangladesh 34

By this visit I was confident of being some one important in the community. - Visitor, Bangladesh

PS Mugling, Nepal

Women groups have opined that the police stations are improving in human rights situation particularly when it comes to women, elderly and minors. Partner organisation, Nepal

We participated in PSVW to contribute to society, to see that the police and public relation improves. We would be happy if the visit helps in decreasing the crime rate in the area and the police also feels that they should more humble towards public. - Visitor, Meghalaya, India

Common people are afraid of visiting the police station but if anyone visits this specific station, his thinking towards it will totally undergo change. The atmosphere here is so congenial that people find themselves in safe hands. Visitor, Punjab, India

Community Policing groups I want to write down the performance of Nawanshahr Saanjh Kendra in community- oriented programmes apart from the services delivered under RTS Act. 1. Nawanshahr Saanjh Kendra has organised a number of seminars in schools/colleges and public places to apprise the people of services being provided in Saanjh Kendras and to create awakening among them against drug abuse, traffic problems and other social evils during the year. It also got published pamphlets regarding the services in very beginning and distributed these pamphlets among the people on various occasions and in public places. It also took out an impressive jhaanki of Saanjh Kendra in district level Republic day function which was also appreciated by the Sh. Sharanjit Singh Dhillon, Cabinet Minister, Punjab Government. 2. This Saanjh Kendra, in association with Youth Football Club Nawanshahr, has provided ISI marka helmets to two-wheelers during five days football tournament and got organised a police-public friendly football match and propagate about Saanjh Kendras during this tournament at J.S.F.H. Khalsa School Nawanshahr from December 26 to 30, 2012. 3. The Saanjh Kendra organised a rally of volunteers who rode two-wheeler riders wearing helmets and carrying play cards in their hands to motivate people to wear helmets too in the city of Nawanshahr and adjoining areas . 4. The Saanjh Kendra has launched a drive to check the school buses on safety measures being taken by them as per traffic rules and Supreme Court guidelines and making the drivers, owners, school management and parents aware about it. 5. Nawanshahr Saanjh Kendra has a good practice to make newspapers, magazines available to the people sitting in its waiting room and keep a visiting book in a locally designed very impressive, fancy open almirah-cum-table for visitors to pen in their suggestions and impressions.

6. The Saanjh Kendra has put a fancy notice board/photo gallery to make public aware about the activities being done by the Kendra. 7. The Kendra has redressed/disposed off 243 complaints out of 257 relating to matrimonial disputes, domestic violence, parent-children disputes, economic offences, etc. with the co-operation of Saanjh committee members in an impartial manner which was appreciated by the general public.

- Team Leader, Nawanshahr, Punjab, India

Professional Bodies After visiting PSVW the team leaders feel very happy and comfortable with the police personnel. The so called traditional thinking towards the police personnel has changed. - Visitor, Assam, India

HOW WERE THE SCORES COLLECTED AND CALCULATED?

percentiles in a distribution of possible Police stations were assessed by local average scores varying from 20 to 100. As citizens on a standardised tool - the Altus a result, the classification categories Visitors Kit. The kit equipped local citizens were: with a systematic method to guide their assessment of their local police station. Average score Category

Recognising that social reality is neither Over 84 Excellent static nor standardised, the method From 68 to 84 More than adequate allows citizens perceptions about police From 52 to 68 Adequate stations to be recorded and compared From 36 to 52 Inadequate across regions and populations. Below 36 Totally inadequate The filled forms were collected through Finally, the average score in each team leaders and visits verified by observation area is the simple average of coordinating partner organisations in the four questions. The final score is the each state. The ratings were then fed into simple average of the five areas. the Altus police station web system and scores automatically generated. Weighted Scores

The form used during the Police Stations A weighted score to the two categories of Visitors Week was based on the Likert Equal Treatment and Transparency and Scale, in which the possible answers vary Accountability has been provided to from 1 to 5. The following are the scores highlight police accountability to local for each answer: citizens and equitable access to police services. The weighted average has been 1 - Totally inadequate (20 points) calculated as below :

2 - Inadequate (40 points)

3 - Adequate (60 points)

4 - More than adequate (80 points)

5 - Excellent (100 points) Where = 1 and The questions were classified according to a scoring scale based on the calculation of

CATEGORIES OF ASSESSMENT AND TOP PERFORMERS

The Police Station Visitors Week is the citizens. However, there were designed to bridge the gap between the individual police stations in each of the local realities of policing and the general countries that were found to perform principles of human rights to which most exceptionally well. Following police countries subscribe. To understand this stations were found to be the top scorers assessment, one must think of the police in their respective countries under the station staff as public service providers. community orientation category: Included here is a brief on the five Table - 2 categories of assessment, including the Country wise Top police station in the category of country average on the five categories. Community Orientation Country Police Station Scores Community Orientation Bangladesh Tejgaon(Dhaka) 75.00 Dadar(Mumbai); Community policing has been a core Dirbha(Sangrur); component of police reforms all over the Division-1(Ludhiana); Kamla Market(Delhi); globe. While a number of community India Lambi(Muktsar); 100.00 directed programs have been initiated in Patran(Patiala); Raikot Sadar(Ludhiana); all countries where police stations have Sahnewal(Ludhiana); been visited, the changes are not that Samrala (Khanna); common. Outreach programs have been Nepal District Police Office(Gorkha) 90.00 Pakistan Baghdad-ul-Jadeed 90.71 organised by the police stations, some Source: PSVW 2013 even with separate buildings for community programmes. The general Physical Conditions trend is that while the police goes to the Although conceptions of order and community, police stations continue to cleanliness vary across cultures, police remain exclusive police spaces. This officers must be equipped with proper section of questions is focused on facilities and equipment in order to determining the degree to which the adequately perform their duties. These station is a resource for the community by questions are designed to determine providing information which is easily whether the police have the space and accessible to new visitors, and whether equipment to meet their needs, such as staff has been allocated to address adequate office space and suspect community questions and requests. identification rooms, and not that they Within this category, police stations in have the most up-to-date technology or India (81.93), Nepal (69.17) and Pakistan fancy stations. Under this category, on an (78.37) on an average were found to be average police station in India (78.77) and more than adequate. Bangladesh (61.80) Pakistan (73.72) were found to reflect was rated on an average as adequate by more than adequately. The average score

for Bangladesh (54.60) and Nepal (66.50) observe and think about the services, were found to be adequate by the visitors. facilities, and referrals available for In each of the countries, the following vulnerable groups. Such groups vary police stations were regarded as being the around the world for instance, members of best under this category; the Dalit castes in India, internal migrants Table - 3 in Brazil or the U.S., or those seeking Country wise Top police station in the category of Physical Conditions refuge in Africa while other groups stretch Country Police Station Scores across borders like women, linguistic Bangladesh Mohammadpur, Dhaka 72.00 minorities, and the disabled. Division-1(Ludhiana); Kamla Market(Delhi); The average assessment for equal Lambi(Muktsar); India 100.00 Patran(Patiala); treatment only rated a more than Sahnewal(Ludhiana); adequate at the most with India at 76.69 Samrala (Khanna); Nepal District Police Office(Gorkha) 85.00 and adequate in Pakistan (68.02). Pakistan Baghdad-ul-Jadeed 93.57 Bangladesh and Nepal had an average Source: PSVW 2013 score of 50.80 and 51.67 which fell in the Equal Treatment of The Public Without inadequate bracket on this category. The Bias Based On Gender, Ethnicity, top police stations in each country scored Nationality, Minority Status, Age or Sexual much better than their country average. Orientation The top police station in each of the The rights agenda with equal opportunities country being: for all is a forefront voice across the global spectrum. Penetrating all areas of social Table - 4 Country wise Top police station in the category of existence, under law enforcement it Equal Treatment acquires particular relevance as Country Police Station Scores safeguarding rights is the mandate of these Bangladesh Khilgaon, Dhaka 69.00 Dadar(Mumbai); agencies. Changes related to equality are Division-1(Ludhiana); sweeping through police in most countries. Kamla Market(Delhi); India Lambi(Muktsar); 100.00 The PS officials look after the Raikot Sadar (Ludhiana); Sahnewal(Ludhiana); security of schoolgoing girls Samrala (Khanna); Nepal District Police Office(Gorkha) 90.00 even after the schools are off. Pakistan Baghdad-ul-Jadeed 82.86 Visitor, New Delhi, India Source: PSVW 2013 The assessment on this parameter was Transparency and Accountability related to the availability of these Accountability is being recognised as a core considerations in police stations rather component in the domain of governance, than the quality or access to these services with accompanying transparency in the of different population groups. These process of delivery of justice. For police, questions are designed to have visitors

accountability is becoming integral to the Detention Conditions exercise of authority in democratic On a human rights agenda, the conditions societies. Accountability can be an of detention areas are coming under unassailable tool in forging community police partnerships to promote citizens' scrutiny. Altus approaches this issue from safety. Altus believes that the police are the perspective that people who are held accountable to the public for any actions in the detention facilities at any given they take in their capacity as officers of law station will most likely return to the enforcement, crime prevention, and public community. In order to ensure that safety. The questions in this section are detained individuals do not come to harm intended to make sure police stations while in police custody, and by extension should contain the information the public that the community is not harmed, these needs to determine whether or not the simple questions ask about the things most police are satisfactorily fulfilling their people would want to know if a loved one duties. Also, if these are procedures in were detained in police custody and if their place to bring to the notice of superiors basic rights are being protected. The and institutions when service has been detention conditions on average among inadequate. The average rating of the the participating police stations were country was found to be more than adequate for India (81.02), Pakistan (72.33) found to be more than adequate in India and Nepal (72.50). Bangladesh (54.00) was (78.49). Bangladesh (50.10) and Nepal rated as adequate on an average from (51.83) were on an average of being among the participating police stations. inadequate in detention conditions by the Country-wise police stations with the top citizens in their visited police stations. score on transparency and accountability Police stations in each country with top were the following; scores in detention countries are following:

Table - 5 Table - 6 Country wise Top police station in the category of Country wise Top police station in the category of Transparency and Accountability Detention Conditions Country Police Station Scores Country Police Station Scores Bangladesh Mohammadpur, Dhaka 74.00 Bangladesh Mohammadpur, Dhaka 71.00 Bhadson(Patiala); City Sri Mukatsar Sahib Bhadson(Patiala); (Muktsar); Bhawanigarh(Sangrur); Division-1(Ludhiana); City Kharar(SAS Nagar); Doraha(Khanna); Division-1(Ludhiana); India Kamla Market(Delhi); 100.00 India Kamla Market(Delhi); 100.00 Kumbh Kalan(Ludhiana); Khanuri(Sangrur); Lambi(Muktsar); Sadar Kurali(SAS Nagar); Machiwara(Khanna); Sahnewal(Ludhiana); Sahnewal(Ludhiana); Samrala (Khanna); Samrala (Khanna); Nepal District Police Office(Gorkha) 86.67 Nepal District Police Office(Gorkha) 73.33 Pakistan Baghdad-ul-Jadeed 83.57 Pakistan Baghdad-ul-Jadeed 88.57 Source: PSVW 2013 Source: PSVW 2013 40

GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF CITIZEN ASSESSMENTS OF PARTICIPATING POLICE STATIONS

In PSVW 2013, 22 countries participated. Following is an overview of the participating countries and the assessments on the five dimensions of assessment.

Table—7 Aggregate Scores on 5 dimensions for Participating Police Stations in PSVW 2013 Transparency Aggregate Community Physical Equal Detention and Scores Orientation Conditions Treatment Condition Accountability

Bangladesh 54.26 61.80 54.60 50.80 54.00 50.10 Benin 48.91 56.52 47.20 46.59 46.14 48.11 Bolivia 46.07 53.64 48.54 39.44 45.30 41.75 Brazil 60.76 67.42 67.40 60.15 48.01 60.84 Cameroon 55.67 65.16 55.66 50.08 56.31 51.15 Canada 80.57 81.46 78.96 78.96 82.92 Chile 70.10 76.54 74.36 65.09 67.36 67.16 El Salvador 67.85 72.38 70.63 66.38 69.13 57.68 Ghana 41.72 51.96 46.74 34.02 40.33 35.54 Guatemala 52.54 58.98 53.90 44.66 54.07 41.88 Honduras 57.07 70.00 53.33 43.79 64.70 49.33 India 79.38 81.93 78.77 76.69 81.02 78.49 Kenya 62.61 64.29 63.18 60.45 66.04 59.09 Liberia 44.20 54.74 45.66 41.51 42.24 36.84 Mexico 59.95 62.86 63.48 57.69 55.83 59.88 Nepal 62.33 69.17 66.50 51.67 72.50 51.83 Nicaragua 73.57 78.58 75.83 69.50 72.58 71.33 Nigeria 54.30 60.48 53.64 49.22 56.99 51.19 Pakistan 72.98 78.37 73.72 68.02 72.33 72.44 Peru 49.21 55.26 49.34 42.76 53.82 44.87 Sierra Leone 44.24 54.40 40.60 39.10 46.93 40.18 United States 81.68 84.80 81.72 82.29 80.72 78.07 Total 74.38 77.85 74.29 71.46 75.15 73.08 Source: PSVW, 2013

COUNTRYWISE TOP POLICE STATIONS

Policing is a state subject in India rather than federally organised as is in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal. This formed the criteria for identification of top police stations in each of the participating police jurisdictions.

BANGLADESH

Top police station : Mohammadpur, DMP (Dhaka Metropolitan Police)

The location of police station is easily accessible to the service seekers and police officers were reported to be responsive to the public. It is a very neat and clean police station. There is separate staff to attend women complaints. Also separate rooms for male and female detainees are provided. All PS Mohammadpur, DMP, Dhaka, Bangladesh. crime related information Table—8 reported in police station is displayed Bangladesh's Top Police Station with scores on 5 indicators : Mohammadpur, Dhaka along with charter of duties. The Categories Scores High Average station regularly organises anti-crime Community Orientation 74.00 75.00 61.80 meetings with the local community. Physical Conditions 72.00 72.00 54.60 Equal Treatment 68.00 69.00 50.80 Community orientation: Transparency and 74.00 74.00 54.00 Highest score for community Accountability Detention Condition 71.00 71.00 50.10 orientation was 75.0 while the Aggregate Scores 71.80 71.80 54.26 country’s average was 61.80. Source: PSVW 2013 Physical conditions: 54.00. The top score was 72.00 with an average of Detention conditions: 54.60. The highest score was 71.00 while the Equal treatment: average was 50.10. The score of 68.00 was the highest while The police station with the highest the median was 50.80. aggregate was 71.80 while 54.26 was Transparency and accountability: registered as the country’s median. Top score was 74.00 while the average was

INDIA Top Police Station Barakhamba Road

Police station Barakhamba Road is relatively new and was established in 2008. It has a premier location in the heart of New Delhi’s commercial centre at Connaught Place. The police station covers an area of about 3 square kms. The population covered by this police station is about 20,000, PS Barakhamba Road, New Delhi, India. but caters to floating Table—9 India’s Top Police Station with scores on 5 indicators : population of about 4 lacs as it is Barakhamba Road, New Delhi surrounded by corporate offices and Categories Scores High Average market areas of Central Delhi. The Community Orientation 98.97 100.00 81.93 ambience is very like a business office, Physical Conditions 99.48 100.00 78.77 and the station occupies four floors Equal Treatment 99.14 100.00 76.69 including the ground of a multi-story Transparency and 98.62 100.00 81.02 building. The building also houses Accountability several other units like the Vigilance Detention Condition 98.45 100.00 78.49 unit, Departmental Enquiry Cell etc. Aggregate Scores 98.93 100.00 79.38 The staff of this police station are Source: PSVW 2013 trained to be public-friendly. Display boards with guidelines and citizen rights Community orientation: displayed in the reporting room. A The highest score was 100 and the average women’s helpdesk functions round the score for the police station visited was clock for assisting women. A separate 81.93. phone line has been installed at this unit. Physical conditions: The station has a designated reporting The top score was 100 while the average room to accommodate Duty Officer and was 78.77. Woman Helpdesk with adequate space for visitors. Duty officer and to Women Equal treatment: Helpdesk are regularly briefed for their The scores ranged from a high of 100 to an duty and also attend to every visitor to the average of 76.69. police station. Transparency and accountability: The station is technology-friendly with wi-fi The highest score was 100 with an average connectivity. It has a Computerised of 81.02. Remote Identification of Suspect (CRIS) Detention conditions: service. A separate wireless room with a dedicated call sign with connectivity to the The highest score was 100 while the wireless system of district control room. average was 78.49.

NEPAL

Top Police Station : The District Police Office, Gorkha Nepal

The District Police Office, Gorkha is located in the prime area of Gorkha District. There is frontline police personnel to respond to any citizen who seeks police station services. For minors and women, a separate building has been designated. The Gorkha district police office is easily accessible to people with disabilities. There are basic services like a help desk and citizen charter along with a women cell. Facilities like water and toilets are available for all. The station is surrounded by a beautiful garden. At a first glance the people are comforted with this pleasant ambience PS District Police Office, Gorkha, Nepal The station is renovated under the Table-10 leadership of local people. Nepal's Top Police Station with scores on 5 indicators : Generated funds are transferred to a District Police Office, Gorkha public account and responsibility is Categories Scores High Average taken by the public. This is a model Community Orientation 90.00 90.00 69.17 of partnership between police and Physical Conditions 85.00 85.00 66.50 local people. Equal Treatment 90.00 90.00 51.67 Transparency and 86.67 86.67 72.50 The station provides materials and Accountability leaflets on women trafficking to Detention Condition 73.33 73.33 51.83 destination countries of India and Aggregate Scores 85.00 85.00 62.33 Gulf generally, awareness on Source: PSVW 2013 personal security, anti-alcohol etc. average for the country was 66.50. The police office also publishes the crime Equal treatment: rate in time series analysis. The trends show the rate of crime in Gorkha district Again, the highest score of 90.00 was achieved with the country’s median at is in decreasing order. The detention 51.67. conditions in Gorkha district in Transparency and accountability: comparison to other stations is very good. Detainees are provided big wooden beds The stations had a high of 86.67 while the average for the country was 72.50. and with proper ventilation with two way air flow in the detention area. Detention conditions: Top score was 73.33 while 51.83 was the Community orientation: average rating. The high score of 90.00 matched with an The top aggregate score for police average score of 69.17. stations in Nepal was 85.00 with the Physical conditions: average of 62.33 from among all the The top score was 85.00 while the participating stations in the country.

PAKISTAN

Top Police Station : Baghdad-ul-Jadeed

Baghdad-ul-Jadeed has good signage to guide Citizens to the station and also within the premises. In addition a personnel wearing a proper tag is also available to guide people coming to police station. The station also records activities through videos to ensure transparency in police station. A Special Room in Reporting Centre with Dedicated Lady Police Officials is on duty to facilitate women A comfortable place with friendly police staff makes this police station a model for Pakistan. ‘We always find it interesting to

continue with the PSVW. The PS Baghdad-ul-jadeed, Pakistan winning police station was Table-11 Bahawalpur during the last Pakistan's Top Police Station with scores on 5 indicators : Baghdad-ul-Jadeed PSVW and it motivated us to Categories Scores High Average continue with the same Community Orientation 90.71 90.71 78.37 Physical Conditions 93.57 93.57 73.72 performance this year also. Equal Treatment 82.86 82.86 68.02 Transparency and The community and police 83.57 83.57 72.33 Accountability have come close to each Detention Condition 88.57 88.57 72.44 other now after conducting Aggregate Scores 87.86 87.86 72.98 of such weeks.’ Source: PSVW 2013 Civil Society Member, country’s median of 68.02 for this Bahawalpur , Pakistan category. Community orientation: Transparency and accountability: High score on community orientation was The top score was 83.57 with an average 90.71, while the country’s average score of 72.33. was 78.37. Detention conditions: Physical conditions: The highest score was 88.57 with an Top score was 93.57 with an average average of 72.44. rating of 73.72. The top aggregate received by police Equal treatment: stations was 87.86 while the average aggregate for the stations in Pakistan was The highest score was 82.86 with the 72.98.

GOOD PRACTICES HIGHLIGHTED A number of initiatives on issues of Police work is remarkable as community-police interface, improvement in police station services with particular they got the rakhis tied from emphasis on gender consideration and the young girls and give them initiation of social control through awareness on self protection. oversight bodies were found at various This way they also find easy to levels of institutionalisation and penetration in the four counties of the approach police when ever PSVW 2013. they are in difficulty . 1. Gender specific initiatives Moreover, they collaborate Women’s desks have become the with teachers also to spread established standard if not practice in awareness among parents. police stations across the four countries of the visit. These desks range in service Also one of the efforts to provision for domestic disputes to showcase police station as a providing services to crime victims. These clean place. include services provided with links to councillors, medical services, to welfare Visitor, Maharashtra, India services and amicable settlement with the groups. In many stations these women’s involvement of community policing desks are managed by specialised personnel constituting NGOs or the more ad hoc local women do-gooders. In Pakistan, a women station in Islamabad has been constituted. 2. Crime control with community A number of innovative programmes have been initiated with the help of the community. In Chandigarh, India, better performing community watchmen were taken under the wings of the police where they were given training and recognition. These community watchmen were not hired from outside the community, but were identified from the community youth itself. Jurisdictions where cases of theft registered a fall were highlighted and these efforts were recognised with awards. In Delhi, stations hold regular meetings with resident welfare associations to check crime.

PS Boudha, Nepal

As far as the community initiatives in Pakistan); to improving skills in orientation category is the police to inculcate human rights concerned, there is a ‘Khuli orientation and public relation skills as in Kachehery’ (Open Meetings for Delhi and Punjab, India. Incorporation of Local Community) arranged for these personality skills is further the public by the police where streamlined with the central Bureau for the community comes and Police Research and Development sanctioning funds under the modernisation register their complaints openly. schemes for organising what is termed as This is basically to facilitate the soft skills and professional training. community in as easy manner as they can. This week helped us to give our - Civil society partner, Pakistan police station a facelift and invite the citizens to visit the station 3. Staff facilities and professional and see our working. It is a good upgradation programme and should be Police from different departments organized regularly. We gave a recognised the need for improved police face-lift to the police station conduct in building trust in individuals and the larger community. Initiatives to after whitewash. Park inside the improve behavioural practices ranged from boundary was in a bad shape, it training and orientation programmes was re-done. All the barricades directed at police personnel, to emphasis and boards were re-painted. on the relevance of community Waiting room for the visitors was stakeholdership in both crime prevention decorated with flowers. Notice and management (community policing boards were also replaced, giving information in a simple, sober and complete manner. The CCTV cameras were already there but their focus / zoom angle was changed as per requirement. Visitor, New Delhi, India PS Jama Masjid, Delhi, India 47

programme to inculcate confidence among the children in police. Other areas here are undertaking seminars and meetings with public regarding law and rights of citizens (Focal Point, Punjab, India). Hanging the charter of duties of police in stations in Bangladesh was found to be a measure for guiding the common man. Public interactions, especially on public security measures, was welcomed in Nepal. In Meghalaya, India special awareness programmes in villages on law and rights are being held. “PSVW is always a source of

PS Vasant Vihar, Delhi, India great learning for all our colleagues who arrange this 4. Establishment Of Oversights week. This week has helped us Citizens particularly noted procedures and to build rapport with the practices pertaining to accountability of community at large. The police staff and opportunities for community policing has also grievance redressal for the common person. Notices and signs of contact strengthened with this week numbers of human rights bodies displayed where the community and in the police station was acknowledged as police collaborate with each an important practice where Complaint other after this week too.” boxes were placed within the easy control Partner Organisation Pakistan, of police staff in the police station and suggestion for changing its placement were 6. Upgradation of services made. Perhaps the most visible change in police stations in India and even Nepal and to 5. Equipping the community with relevant some extent in Pakistan has been the information and awareness upgradation of basic facilities such as provision of drinking water for the visitor, Schemes involving the community in improvement in toilets, installation of securing their safety and informing them of information desks, reception areas, better relevant police programmes were seating, cleaner environment and greening appreciated. Samrala, Punjab has a special of spaces within the police stations with schoolchildren police station visit pots and plants. It seems to be taken up as

representing a humane face in stark contrast to the dry, unhygienic and dirty spaces within the police stations. Help desks have also been initiated be it in Bangladesh, Nepal or India. We couldn’t do much during the week. Our focus was on the overall cleanliness of the PS Dhanmondi, Bangladesh police station. We had 7. Exchange within police and across visitors from the public living community in the jurisdiction, school An organised interaction within the police and college students and our in different states and countries has been committee members. We initiated with the PSVW 2006. National and work in poor conditions. The regional meets share the practices and police stations are evaluated issues pertaining to service delivery in states and countries of Asia that on certain parameters that participated in the PSVW. A similar meet to are not with us. It would share good practices and community make more sense if policing initiatives at the police station everything is provided to us level is being held in Nepal in August 2014. and then an evaluation takes Besides, police delegations are visiting various states in India to learn of practices place. Only then, the week is that have led to positive public assessment useful. Otherwise, people during PSVW. The spirit of competition not come and say you lack many only provoked upgrading in easily doable things. Even then, we tried spheres at the police station level but also to do our best with the generated a competitive spirit among the states. available resources Visits by civil societies to police stations Station House Officer, have led to increasing the scope of Punjab, India exchange of community-police interface.

8. Conflict management with community 9. Building partnerships

Crime prevention with assistance from the (i) To encourage citizen accountability community as informers has been the Involvement of the civil society to improve mainstay of certain community policing police stations such as building a police initiatives. However, the police in certain station itself as in Nepal to the more states of India, Nepal and Pakistan modest improvement in certain places revealed strategies for involving the such as detention conditions (Pakistan), community in both resolving disputes that provision of facilities such as computers were of inter-personal nature and in pre- and furniture in a more systematic empting large scale violence such as riots manner, particularly through between ethnic communities.

The Punjab Police has initiated an Due to Saanjh Kendra, alternative dispute resolution unit in its atmosphere of police station Saanjh Kendras to resolve disputes causing has become very good. public nuisance and altercations between Visitor, Punjab, India individuals to amicably settle what would

the Community Policing Resource Centres (CPRCs) in the Indian Punjab makes transfer of funds transparent while building community stakes in the performance of the police.

PS City Faridkot, Punjab, India Most of the things are good. This is the otherwise result in prolonged litigation. great thing that they are Community groups have been successfully asking for the point of view of deployed to check group violence which “Aam Aadmi” or I can say manifests during periods of religious festivals or gatherings of ethnic groups in common people. Now I can other areas. Regular and organised say that they are working for interactions with community members us. have resulted in more peaceful Visitor, Delhi, India atmosphere in the communities. 50

(ii) Media as a stakeholder programme involving dissemination of A systematically organised outreach information, confidence building among programme was put in place by the Delhi the community, liaisoning for community and Police to mobilse police-public support, but the police stations per se have interaction during PSVW 2014. The police remained outside the purview of public stations visited got coverage in the form of spaces. All states have community more than 100 local print media reports. meetings between the police and the Importantly, this coverage was just not public like the Khuli Kachehery (open informative regarding the visits, but raised meeting for local community) in Pakistan issues pertaining to transparency in police to the Open House in Model Police Stations functioning, relevance of improving in Dhaka, Bangladesh . A number of police physical conditions without improving departments (Punjab and Chandigarh, service delivery by linking these to local India) have organised pre and post incidents as was done in Chandigarh, India. activities of police stations largely involving students who have been taken to visit the (iii) Activities in police stations stations. World over, the police has been undertaking a number of outreach

ABOUT ALTUS GLOBAL ALLIANCE

Vera Institute of Justice New York, United States

Center for Studies on Center for Studies Public Security on Public Safety and Citizenship Santiago, Chile Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

About the Altus Global Alliance

The Altus Global Alliance, unites six well-established organisations spanning five continents into a uniquely powerful alliance for justice. Altus members are located in the USA, Chile, Russia, Brazil, Nigeria and India. Together, they offer a multicultural perspective on issue of safety and justice, a greater capacity to work across borders, and a larger role for the civil society in advancing justice. Email: [email protected] www.altus.org

ALTUS MEMBERS Member Organisations Associate Members Center for Studies on Public Safety Open Society Justice Initiative Center for Studies on Public Security and Citizenship Penal Reform International CLEEN Foundation Institute for Development and Communication INDEM Foundation Vera Institute of Justice

INDEM Foundation Moscow, Russia

Institute for Development and Communication Chandigarh, India

CLEEN Foundation Lagos, Nigeria