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A Novel LRRK2 Variant P.G2294R in the WD40 Domain Identified in Familial Parkinson's Disease Affects LRRK2 Protein Levels
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article A Novel LRRK2 Variant p.G2294R in the WD40 Domain Identified in Familial Parkinson’s Disease Affects LRRK2 Protein Levels Jun Ogata 1, Kentaro Hirao 2, Kenya Nishioka 3 , Arisa Hayashida 3, Yuanzhe Li 3, Hiroyo Yoshino 4, Soichiro Shimizu 2, Nobutaka Hattori 1,3,4 and Yuzuru Imai 1,* 1 Department of Research for Parkinson’s Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] (J.O.); [email protected] (N.H.) 2 Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; [email protected] (K.H.); [email protected] (S.S.) 3 Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] (K.N.); [email protected] (A.H.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 4 Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-3-6801-8332 Abstract: Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a major causative gene of late-onset familial Parkin- son’s disease (PD). The suppression of kinase activity is believed to confer neuroprotection, as most pathogenic variants of LRRK2 associated with PD exhibit increased kinase activity. We herein report a novel LRRK2 variant—p.G2294R—located in the WD40 domain, detected through targeted gene- Citation: Ogata, J.; Hirao, K.; panel screening in a patient with familial PD. -
4-6 Weeks Old Female C57BL/6 Mice Obtained from Jackson Labs Were Used for Cell Isolation
Methods Mice: 4-6 weeks old female C57BL/6 mice obtained from Jackson labs were used for cell isolation. Female Foxp3-IRES-GFP reporter mice (1), backcrossed to B6/C57 background for 10 generations, were used for the isolation of naïve CD4 and naïve CD8 cells for the RNAseq experiments. The mice were housed in pathogen-free animal facility in the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology and were used according to protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and use Committee. Preparation of cells: Subsets of thymocytes were isolated by cell sorting as previously described (2), after cell surface staining using CD4 (GK1.5), CD8 (53-6.7), CD3ε (145- 2C11), CD24 (M1/69) (all from Biolegend). DP cells: CD4+CD8 int/hi; CD4 SP cells: CD4CD3 hi, CD24 int/lo; CD8 SP cells: CD8 int/hi CD4 CD3 hi, CD24 int/lo (Fig S2). Peripheral subsets were isolated after pooling spleen and lymph nodes. T cells were enriched by negative isolation using Dynabeads (Dynabeads untouched mouse T cells, 11413D, Invitrogen). After surface staining for CD4 (GK1.5), CD8 (53-6.7), CD62L (MEL-14), CD25 (PC61) and CD44 (IM7), naïve CD4+CD62L hiCD25-CD44lo and naïve CD8+CD62L hiCD25-CD44lo were obtained by sorting (BD FACS Aria). Additionally, for the RNAseq experiments, CD4 and CD8 naïve cells were isolated by sorting T cells from the Foxp3- IRES-GFP mice: CD4+CD62LhiCD25–CD44lo GFP(FOXP3)– and CD8+CD62LhiCD25– CD44lo GFP(FOXP3)– (antibodies were from Biolegend). In some cases, naïve CD4 cells were cultured in vitro under Th1 or Th2 polarizing conditions (3, 4). -
Transcriptional Control of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cell Generation
Transcriptional control of tissue-resident memory T cell generation Filip Cvetkovski Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 Filip Cvetkovski All rights reserved ABSTRACT Transcriptional control of tissue-resident memory T cell generation Filip Cvetkovski Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) are a non-circulating subset of memory that are maintained at sites of pathogen entry and mediate optimal protection against reinfection. Lung TRM can be generated in response to respiratory infection or vaccination, however, the molecular pathways involved in CD4+TRM establishment have not been defined. Here, we performed transcriptional profiling of influenza-specific lung CD4+TRM following influenza infection to identify pathways implicated in CD4+TRM generation and homeostasis. Lung CD4+TRM displayed a unique transcriptional profile distinct from spleen memory, including up-regulation of a gene network induced by the transcription factor IRF4, a known regulator of effector T cell differentiation. In addition, the gene expression profile of lung CD4+TRM was enriched in gene sets previously described in tissue-resident regulatory T cells. Up-regulation of immunomodulatory molecules such as CTLA-4, PD-1, and ICOS, suggested a potential regulatory role for CD4+TRM in tissues. Using loss-of-function genetic experiments in mice, we demonstrate that IRF4 is required for the generation of lung-localized pathogen-specific effector CD4+T cells during acute influenza infection. Influenza-specific IRF4−/− T cells failed to fully express CD44, and maintained high levels of CD62L compared to wild type, suggesting a defect in complete differentiation into lung-tropic effector T cells. -
Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity Mediated by Clathrin Adaptor-Protein Complexes 1 and 2 in Mice
Mechanisms of synaptic plasticity mediated by Clathrin Adaptor-protein complexes 1 and 2 in mice Dissertation for the award of the degree “Doctor rerum naturalium” at the Georg-August-University Göttingen within the doctoral program “Molecular Biology of Cells” of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) Submitted by Ratnakar Mishra Born in Birpur, Bihar, India Göttingen, Germany 2019 1 Members of the Thesis Committee Prof. Dr. Peter Schu Institute for Cellular Biochemistry, (Supervisor and first referee) University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Dr. Hans Dieter Schmitt Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute (Second referee) for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany Prof. Dr. med. Thomas A. Bayer Division of Molecular Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Additional Members of the Examination Board Prof. Dr. Silvio O. Rizzoli Department of Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Dr. Roland Dosch Institute of Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Prof. Dr. med. Martin Oppermann Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Date of oral examination: 14th may 2019 2 Table of Contents List of abbreviations ................................................................................. 5 Abstract ................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................ -
COPI Activity Coupled with Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Is Required for Viral Replication
COPI Activity Coupled with Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Is Required for Viral Replication Sara Cherry1*, Amit Kunte2, Hui Wang3, Carolyn Coyne4, Robert B. Rawson2, Norbert Perrimon3 1 University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America, 3 Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Children’s Hospital of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America During infection by diverse viral families, RNA replication occurs on the surface of virally induced cytoplasmic membranes of cellular origin. How this process is regulated, and which cellular factors are required, has been unclear. Moreover, the host–pathogen interactions that facilitate the formation of this new compartment might represent critical determinants of viral pathogenesis, and their elucidation may lead to novel insights into the coordination of vesicular trafficking events during infection. Here we show that in Drosophila cells, Drosophila C virus remodels the Golgi apparatus and forms a novel vesicular compartment, on the surface of which viral RNA replication takes place. Using genome-wide RNA interference screening, we found that this step in the viral lifecycle requires at least two host encoded pathways: the coat protein complex I (COPI) coatamer and fatty acid biosynthesis. Our results integrate, clarify, and extend numerous observations concerning the cell biology of viral replication, allowing us to conclude that the coupling of new cellular membrane formation with the budding of these vesicles from the Golgi apparatus allows for the regulated generation of this new virogenic organelle, which is essential for viral replication. -
Molecular Genetics of Microcephaly Primary Hereditary: an Overview
brain sciences Review Molecular Genetics of Microcephaly Primary Hereditary: An Overview Nikistratos Siskos † , Electra Stylianopoulou †, Georgios Skavdis and Maria E. Grigoriou * Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; [email protected] (N.S.); [email protected] (E.S.); [email protected] (G.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] † Equal contribution. Abstract: MicroCephaly Primary Hereditary (MCPH) is a rare congenital neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a significant reduction of the occipitofrontal head circumference and mild to moderate mental disability. Patients have small brains, though with overall normal architecture; therefore, studying MCPH can reveal not only the pathological mechanisms leading to this condition, but also the mechanisms operating during normal development. MCPH is genetically heterogeneous, with 27 genes listed so far in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. In this review, we discuss the role of MCPH proteins and delineate the molecular mechanisms and common pathways in which they participate. Keywords: microcephaly; MCPH; MCPH1–MCPH27; molecular genetics; cell cycle 1. Introduction Citation: Siskos, N.; Stylianopoulou, Microcephaly, from the Greek word µικρoκεϕαλi´α (mikrokephalia), meaning small E.; Skavdis, G.; Grigoriou, M.E. head, is a term used to describe a cranium with reduction of the occipitofrontal head circum- Molecular Genetics of Microcephaly ference equal, or more that teo standard deviations -
Antigen-Specific Memory CD4 T Cells Coordinated Changes in DNA
Downloaded from http://www.jimmunol.org/ by guest on September 24, 2021 is online at: average * The Journal of Immunology The Journal of Immunology published online 18 March 2013 from submission to initial decision 4 weeks from acceptance to publication http://www.jimmunol.org/content/early/2013/03/17/jimmun ol.1202267 Coordinated Changes in DNA Methylation in Antigen-Specific Memory CD4 T Cells Shin-ichi Hashimoto, Katsumi Ogoshi, Atsushi Sasaki, Jun Abe, Wei Qu, Yoichiro Nakatani, Budrul Ahsan, Kenshiro Oshima, Francis H. W. Shand, Akio Ametani, Yutaka Suzuki, Shuichi Kaneko, Takashi Wada, Masahira Hattori, Sumio Sugano, Shinichi Morishita and Kouji Matsushima J Immunol Submit online. Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists ? is published twice each month by Author Choice option Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts http://jimmunol.org/subscription Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Freely available online through http://www.jimmunol.org/content/suppl/2013/03/18/jimmunol.120226 7.DC1 Information about subscribing to The JI No Triage! Fast Publication! Rapid Reviews! 30 days* Why • • • Material Permissions Email Alerts Subscription Author Choice Supplementary The Journal of Immunology The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2013 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. This information is current as of September 24, 2021. Published March 18, 2013, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1202267 The Journal of Immunology Coordinated Changes in DNA Methylation in Antigen-Specific Memory CD4 T Cells Shin-ichi Hashimoto,*,†,‡ Katsumi Ogoshi,* Atsushi Sasaki,† Jun Abe,* Wei Qu,† Yoichiro Nakatani,† Budrul Ahsan,x Kenshiro Oshima,† Francis H. -
Proteomic Analysis of the Mammalian Nuclear Pore Complex
JCBArticle Proteomic analysis of the mammalian nuclear pore complex Janet M. Cronshaw,1 Andrew N. Krutchinsky,2 Wenzhu Zhang,2 Brian T. Chait,2 and Michael J. Matunis1 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 2Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry and Gaseous Ion Chemistry, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021 s the sole site of nucleocytoplasmic transport, the these proteins were classified as nucleoporins, and a further nuclear pore complex (NPC) has a vital cellular 18 were classified as NPC-associated proteins. Among the 29 Arole. Nonetheless, much remains to be learned about nucleoporins were six previously undiscovered nucleoporins many fundamental aspects of NPC function. To further and a novel family of WD repeat nucleoporins. One of understand the structure and function of the mammalian these WD repeat nucleoporins is ALADIN, the gene mutated NPC, we have completed a proteomic analysis to identify in triple-A (or Allgrove) syndrome. Our analysis defines the and classify all of its protein components. We used mass proteome of the mammalian NPC for the first time and spectrometry to identify all proteins present in a biochemically paves the way for a more detailed characterization of NPC purified NPC fraction. Based on previous characterization, structure and function. sequence homology, and subcellular localization, 29 of Introduction Nucleocytoplasmic transport is mediated by nuclear pore A proteomic analysis revealed that the yeast NPC is com- complexes (NPCs)* (Allen et al., 2000) which span the nuclear posed of 29 nucleoporins (Rout et al., 2000). To date, 24 envelope (NE) lumen, inserting into pores formed by the nucleoporins have been identified in mammals, with up to 25 fusion of inner and outer nuclear membranes. -
Protein Signature of Human Skin Broblasts Allows the Study of The
Protein signature of human skin broblasts allows the study of the molecular etiology of rare neurological diseases Andreas Hentschel Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV Artur Czech Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV Ute Münchberg Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV Erik Freier Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV Ulrike Schara-Schmidt Universitat Duisburg-Essen Medizinische Fakultat Albert Sickmann Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV Jens Reimann Universitatsklinikum Bonn Andreas Roos ( [email protected] ) Leibniz-Institut fur Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS eV https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2115 Research Keywords: Allgrove syndrome, Aladin, AAAS, triple-A syndrome, Myopodin/Synaptopodin-2, Ataxin-2 Posted Date: December 16th, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-48014/v2 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Version of Record: A version of this preprint was published on February 9th, 2021. See the published version at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01669-1. Page 1/29 Abstract Background: The elucidation of pathomechanisms leading to the manifestation of rare (genetically caused) neurological diseases including neuromuscular diseases (NMD) represents an important step toward the understanding of the genesis of the respective disease and might help to dene starting points for (new) therapeutic intervention concepts. However, these “discovery studies” are often limited by the availability of human biomaterial. Moreover, given that results of next-generation-sequencing approaches frequently result in the identication of ambiguous variants, testing of their pathogenicity is crucial but also depending on patient-derived material. -
De Novo PHIP Predicted Deleterious Variants Are Associated with Developmental Delay, Intellectual Disability, Obesity, and Dysmorphic Features
Downloaded from molecularcasestudies.cshlp.org on October 4, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press De novo PHIP predicted deleterious variants are associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, obesity, and dysmorphic features Running title: Case study of two patients with PHIP variants Emily Webster1, Megan T. Cho2, Nora Alexander2, Sonal Desai3, Sakkubai Naidu3, Mir Reza Bekheirnia4, Andrea Lewis4, Kyle Retterer2, Jane Juusola2, Wendy K. Chung1,5 1Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA 2GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD, USA 3Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA 4Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA 5Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA Correspondence: Wendy K. Chung, Columbia University Medical Center, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA, Tel: +1 212 851 5313, Fax: +1 212 851 5306, [email protected] Running title: PHIP variants cause developmental delay and obesity 1 Downloaded from molecularcasestudies.cshlp.org on October 4, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Abstract Using whole exome sequencing, we have identified novel de novo heterozygous Pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein (PHIP) variants that are predicted to be deleterious, including a frameshift deletion, in two unrelated patients with common clinical features of developmental delay, intellectual disability, anxiety, hypotonia, poor balance, obesity, and dysmorphic features. A nonsense mutation in PHIP has previously been associated with similar clinical features. Patients with microdeletions of 6q14.1 including PHIP have a similar phenotype of developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, and obesity, suggesting that the phenotype of our patients is a result of loss-of-function mutations. -
(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub
US 20120149714A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0149714 A1 Heise et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 14, 2012 (54) EFFECTS OF INHIBITORS OF FGFR3 ON (60) Provisional application No. 60/748,944, ?led on Dec. GENE TRANSCRIPTION 8, 2005. (76) Inventors: Carla Heise, Benicia, CA (US); Publication Classi?cation Esther Masih-Khan, Ontario (CA); 51 I Cl Edward Moler Walnut Creek CA ( ) nt' ' (US); Michael. Rowe,’ Oakland,’ CA A61K 31/497 (2006.01) (US),_ Keith. Stewart, Scottsdale, G01N 33/53 (2006.01) AZ (US) Suzanne Trudel Ontario G01N 33/566 (200601) (CA) ’ ’ C12Q 1/68 (2006.01) (52) US. Cl. ................ .. 514/253.07; 435/611; 435/612; (21) Appl. No.: 13/400,833 435/79; 435/792; 436/501 (22) Filed: Feb. 21, 2012 (57) ABSTRACT Related U‘s‘ Application Data Methods of utilizing blomarkers to 1dent1fy patients for treat ment or to momtor response to treatment are taught herein. (62) Division of application No, 12/096,222, ?led on Jun, Alterations in levels of gene expression of the biomarkers, 19, 2008, now Pat. No. 8,158,360, ?led as application particularly in response to FGFR3 inhibition, are measured No. PCT/US2006/061766 on Dec. 7, 2006. and identi?cations or adjustments may be made accordingly. US 2012/0149714 A1 Jun. 14, 2012 EFFECTS OF INHIBITORS OF FGFR3 ON [0007] An individual’s response to a particular treatment or GENE TRANSCRIPTION predisposition to disease and the correlation to a particular gene of interest has been documented. It is noW believed that BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION cancer chemotherapy is limited by the predisposition of spe ci?c populations to drug toxicity or poor drug response. -
Supplemental Figures
Supplemental Figures Development of a new macrophage-specific TRAP mouse (MacTRAP) and definition of the renal macrophage translational signature Andreas Hofmeister, Maximilian C. Thomassen, Sabrina Markert, André Marquardt, Mathieu Preußner, Martin Rußwurm, Ralph Schermuly, Ulrich Steinhoff, Hermann-Josef Gröne, Joachim Hoyer, Benjamin D. Humphreys, Ivica Grgic Correspondence: Ivica Grgic MD, Klinikum der Philips-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstrasse 1, 35043 Marburg. Phone: +4964215861736, email: [email protected] Sup. Fig. S1 Δ6.7fmsGFP-L10a plasmid (pGL2 backbone) Sup. Fig. S1: Plasmid map of the engineered c-fms-eGFP-L10a expression vector. Mlu1/Sal1 digestion was used for linearization and extraction of the transgene. Sup. Fig. S2 A Neutrophils Monocytes Lymphocytes B Monocytes Monocytes Neutrophils Lymphocytes H - TRAP Ly6g Count FSC CD115 Mac GFP GFP GFP GFP H - Ly6g Count FSC CD115 Wild Wild type GFP GFP GFP GFP Sup. Fig. S2: FACS analysis detects eGFP-L10a signals in monocytes but not in neutrophils or lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of MacTRAP mice. (A) Gating strategy to define monocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte populations. Only single cells contributed to the analysis. (B) GFP-fluorescence was specifically detected in CD115+ monocytes, but not in Ly6g+ neutrophils or lymphocytes of MacTRAP mice. Blood samples from wild-type mice served as negative controls. Representative plots are shown, n=6. Sup. Fig. S3 A eGFP-L10a Ly6g merge+DAPI kidney 7d UUO B eGFP-L10a Ly6g merge+DAPI incision skin Tail Sup. Fig. S3: Immunostaining for mature neutrophils in fibrotic kidney tissue and tail skin biopsies from MacTRAP mice. (A) Only a very small fraction of Ly6g+ neutrophils is positive for eGFP-L10a in fibrotic kidneys after 7d UUO (0.42% ± 0.29%; 468 cells counted, n=3).