ture G icul O Agr nd L y a A log T no ch A te io C , B ce T en ci S C t n la U P r o D f ts n O e m R u tr s P In l a n io s s e f o r P ’18 www.psi.cz

Introduction

Dear Colleagues and Clients, PSI (Photon Systems Instruments) is the world leader in and to discuss (in strict confidence) the optimal protocols development and manufacturing of instrumentation for imaging for their experimental designs. We also offer phenotyping on and monitoring of biological signals in plants and algae. We demand service in which we grow our client’s plant material, were the first company to offer a chlorophyll fluorescence conduct measurements according to agreed protocols, create imaging system, and we remain at the forefront of technology a secure data base, and assist, if required, in data handling for monitoring growth and physiologial activity in samples that and interpretation. We have numerous collaborative projects range from individual cells to large crop and tree species. with universities worldwide, in which we provide the tools and facilities for students in PhD and Masters programs to conduct The quality of our products is impeccable. In 2017, the founder their research. Such cooperation transforms remarkable ideas of PSI, Mr. Martin Trtilek, won the EY Technical Businessman into reality, and asissts in the training of the next generation of of the Year, reflecting the success of PSI on the world stage, talented plant scientists. and the prestige in which the company is held by its clients. In addition to providing instrumentation, we offer dependable, Recently, lecturing and laboratory-teaching facilities have and timely, worldwide support through our offices in Europe, been made available in a new building equipped with Australia and North America. modern analytical, molecular and microbiology laboratories to complement our automated PlantScreen™ Phenotyping PSI products are represented world-wide, for use in equipment for imaging, and our LED-based Fytoscope™ universities, research institutions and biotech industries. growth facilities and greenhouses. Currently, we are better They are used in terrestrial and aquatic environments, in the equipped than most university departments for the study of laboratory and in the field, from the tropics to the high Arctic. growth, physiology, and photosynthetic performance in very As part of our mission to serve the scientific community, and small to very large scale organisms. We continue to augment, to prove that we deliver the best possible quality and value, and improve, our product line to provide an ever-broadening PSI has established its own Research Center where clients range of high-quality scientific instruments. The fact that can work with our devices prior to sale. Here, our clients may we design and manufacture our screening equipment on conduct proof of concept experiments and obtain training in site (including our remarkable range of hyperspectral and the latest technology and software for plant science research. multispectral cameras), minimises costs to our clients and ensures availability and support. The PSI Research Center provides a service platform with state-of-the-art growth facilities, including greenhouses Please visit our website www.psi.cz for more information and controlled environment rooms that are designed and about PSI and our products, and do not hesitate to contact us manufactured in-house. A team of PhD level plant scientists with any questions you have. You may visit us by appointment is available to assist clients in the operation of equipment, without any obligation. We look forward to welcoming you!

Find us on:

Diploma of EY Technical Businessman of the Year 2016 1 PSI Research Center

At PSI plants are the basis for most of our research. We have We offer access to cutting edge instruments and provide decades of experience in developing innovative technology for professional support of highly skilled technical and scientific both the environmentally controlled cultivation of plants and personnel. Infrastructure of the PSI Plant Phenotyping for sophisticated non-invasive analysis of various plant traits. Research Center is available for use by visiting scientists and We are team of plant scientists that understand your precise on fee-for-service basis for a wide range of phenotyping and requirements. For this reason we established the PSI Research plant cultivation experiments. Center where the newest high-end technology is available for The Plant Phenotyping Research Center operates high-end your research. walk-in growth chambers for precise growth of plants and The mission of the PSI Plant Phenotyping Research Center PlantScreenTM platforms for automated phenotyping of small is to provide state-of-art infrastructure for plant cultivation and mid-size plants in controlled environment (e.g. turfgrass, and automated high-throughput phenotyping of wide range Arabidopsis thaliana) and for cultivation and monitoring of of phenotypic plant traits among various plant species under larger crop plants up to 1.5 meter in height in semi-controlled precisely controlled environmental conditions. greenhouse environment.

2 ^^REALIZE YOUR IDEAS ^^EXPERIENCE OUR RESEARCH

• Perform your own research supported by the PSI scientific FACILITIES team • Automated Plant Phenotyping Systems • Choose a complete phenotyping service performed by the • High-End LED based plant growth facilities PSI researchers • Modern laboratory (molecular biology, analytics, • Make your students skilled: Diploma work or PhD positions microbiology) are opened at PSI Research Center • Newest PSI instrumentation and technology • Cooperate with us and turn your remarkable ideas into • Accommodation directly in the PSI Research Center reality

Our vision is to provide biological and technical support to our customers and facilitate proof of concept validations of the projects prior realization.

3 Greenhouse installation in Centrum Haná, Olomouc, Czech Republic 4 Content

01 / Pocket-Sized Devices ...... 6 06 / LED Light Sources ...... 87

POCKET-SIZED DEVICES NEWS ...... 8 LED Light Source SL 3500 ...... 88 FLUOROMETERS LED Fyto-Panels ...... 90 FluorPen FP 110 LED-BARS ...... 92 & PAR­-FluorPen FP 110­-MAX­-LM ...... 10 Compact LED Bars ...... 94 Monitoring Pen ...... 12 Custom LED Bars Systems ...... 95 AquaPen­-C AP­-C 110 & AquaPen­-P AP­-P 110 ..... 14 REFERENCES ...... 96 REFLECTANCE METERS PlantPen PRI 210 & PlantPen NDVI 310 ...... 16 N-Pen N 110 ...... 18 07 / Fluorometers ...... 97 PolyPen RP 410 ...... 20 Fluorometer FL 3500 ...... 98 PolyPen-Aqua PA 210 ...... 22 Algae Online Monitor ...... 100 LIGHT AND LAI METERS REFERENCES ...... 102 SpectraPen LM 510 ...... 24 SpectraPen SP 110 ...... 26 LaiPen LP 110 ...... 28 08 / Thermoluminescence REFERENCES ...... 30 Instruments ...... 103 02 / FluorCams ...... 32 Thermoluminescence Instruments TL 500/ST, TL 500/HT, TL 500/LT ...... 104 INTRODUCTION ...... 34 REFERENCES ...... 106 Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H ...... 38 Handy GFPCam FC 1000-H/GFP ...... 40 Closed FluorCam FC 800-C ...... 42 09 / Other Devices ...... 107 Closed GFPCam FC 800-C/1010GFP ...... 44 Gas Mixing System GMS 150 ...... 108 Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 Spectrometer SM 9000 ...... 110 and FC 800-O/2020 ...... 46 PlanTherm PT 100 ...... 112 Customized FluorCams ...... 48 Gas Analyzer MS GAS-100 ...... 114 Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope FC 2000-Z ...... 50 REFERENCES ...... 115 REFERENCES ...... 52

03 /Photobioreactors ...... 53 10 / Phenotyping Systems ...... 116 PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems...... 118 Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000 ...... 54 PlantScreen™ SC Systems ...... 122 Photobioreactor FMT 150 ...... 56 PlantScreen™ Compact Systems ...... 124 Large-Scale Photobioreactors ...... 58 PlantScreen™ Modular Systems ...... 126 PBR Control Software ...... 60 PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ REFERENCES ...... 62 and Transect XZ Systems ...... 128 PlantScreen™ Field Systems ...... 130 04 / Growth Chambers ...... 64 PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems in Controlled Environments ...... 132 Walk-In FytoScope FS-WI ...... 66 REFERENCES ...... 133 Step-In FytoScope FS-SI ...... 68 Reach-In Fytoscope FS-RI ...... 70 Growth Unit ...... 72 11 / Greenhouses Cultivation Shelves ...... 74 ...... 134 FytoScope Chamber FS130 ...... 76 FytoScope Chamber FS360 ...... 78 REFERENCES ...... 80

05 / Incubated Shakers ...... 81 AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO ...... 82 AlgaeTron AG 230 ...... 84 REFERENCES ...... 86

5 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

POCKET-SIZED DEVICES NEWS ...... 8

FLUOROMETERS FluorPen FP 110 & PAR­-FluorPen FP 110­-MAX­-LM ...... 10

FluorPen FP 110 is a portable, battery­-powered fluorometer that enables quick and precise measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the laboratory, greenhouse, or in the field.

PAR­-FluorPen FP 110­-MAX­-LM is an extended version of FluorPen FP 110, which incorporates an integrated Light Meter for direct digital readouts of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR).

Monitoring Pen ...... 12

Monitoring Pen is a portable, battery­-powered durable fluorometer that enables quick and precise programmable measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Monitoring Pen is an extended, durable and autonomous version of the popular FluorPen with standard or robust body construction and is primarily intended for unattended use in harsh climatic conditions.

AquaPen­-C AP­-C 110 & AquaPen­-P AP­-P 110 ...... 14

AquaPen is a lightweight, hand­-held fluorometer that is very convenient for quick, reliable, and easily repeatable measurements of photosynthetic parameters both in algal and cyanobacterial suspensions. AquaPen is available in two versions: AquaPen­-C AP­-C 110 (with a cuvette) and AquaPen­-P AP­-P 110 (with a measuring probe).

REFLECTANCE METERS PlantPen PRI 210 & PlantPen NDVI 310 ...... 16

PlantPens are hand­-held, battery­-powered devices that help to characterize plants by means of reflectance. Two standard PlantPen versions measure the most common indexes: Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).

N­-Pen N 110 ...... 18

N­-Pen N 110 is a light­-weight, battery­-powered reflectance­-based instrument that provides convenient, cost-effective method for effective nitrogen management in plants throughout their growing season.

6 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

PolyPen RP 410...... 20

PolyPen RP 410 features a complete system for measurement of spectral reflectance of an internal light source (Xenon incandescent lamp 380 – 1,050 nm) from leaves, as well as measurements of transmittance and absorbance of any external light source. PolyPen RP 410 incorporates formulas of commonly used reflectance indexes (e.g., NDVI, NDGI, PRI etc.) into its software and displays values of selected indexes for the measured sample.

PolyPen-Aqua PA 210...... 22

PolyPen-Aqua PA 210 is a portable, handheld, and friendly-priced spectrophotometer. PolyPen-Aqua is convenient for quick and reliable measurement of liquid samples in standard cuvettes; it measures absorbance and transmittance spectra in the range of 380 – 790 nm. PA 210 features an inbuilt GPS module and thus it can be advantageously used as a self-contained instrument for various field applications.

LIGHT AND LAI METERS SpectraPen LM 510 ...... 24

SpectraPen LM 510 is a handheld spectroradiometer that is pre­-configured and pre­-calibrated to measure spectral characteristics and to calculate key parameters like Lux, Lumen, PAR and Watt values. LM 510 is especially useful for rapid measurements of light intensity and of spectral light quality in the lab, greenhouse or field.

SpectraPen SP 110 ...... 26

SpectraPen SP 110 is a handheld spectrometer that’s ideal as a general­-purpose instrument for research labs. The SpectraPen works with Li­-ion rechargeable battery and does not require any PC or any other bulky accessory. Instead, wavelength and relative intensity readings and their spectral lines are instantly displayed on the SpectraPen touch screen display.

LaiPen LP 110 ...... 28

LaiPen LP 110 is used to calculate Leaf Area Index (LAI), which is defined as the one-sided green leaf area per unit ground surface area (LAI = leaf area / ground area, m2 / m2) in broadleaf canopies. The LaiPen LP 110 measures either blue part of solar radiation or PAR with a wide angle optical sensor. After downloading light transmittance values from the LaiPen device to a computer the user can calculate LAI and other canopy structure attributes.

REFERENCES ...... 30

7 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

Pocket-Sized Devices NEWS

Pocket-Sized Instruments are ^^PRODUCT ^^NEW BUILT-IN lightweight devices that are very convenient for quick, reliable, and easily HIGHLIGHTS SENSOR MODULES repeatable measurements in the field • Easy to use. Simple two­-button Location sensor or laboratory. They may also serve as operation. No special training • GPS + GLONASS excellent tools for education. needed. Supplied with instructive • position accuracy < 1.5 m manuals. Enviro sensor • Battery powered. Integrated New design • Temperature Li­-ion accumulator with 2600mAh, ·· Range -40 to +85 °C • Splash proof provides more than 100 hours of full ·· Absolute temperature accuracy • Graphical display operation. ±0.5°C at 25 °C, ±1.0 °C within • Li­-ion rechargeable battery via USB • Small and lightweight. Compact 0 to +65 °C port of a PC design. Supplied with a carrying • Relative humidity • Equipped with both communication case and rechargeable batteries. ·· Range 0 to 100% modules: Bluetooth and USB • Equipped with leaf­-clips or ·· Absolute accuracy ±3 % within probes. Non­-destructable for plants, 20 to 80 % at 25 °C provides effective sample pre-­ • Atmospheric pressure -darkening. ^^DESIGN VERSIONS: ·· Range 300 to 1100 hPa • Accurate and durable. Reliable and ·· Absolute pressure accuracy • Former versions are labeled as 00 rugged scientific instruments. ±1.0 hPa within 300 to 1100 hPa (LaiPen LP 100) • Cost­-effective. You can afford to in temperature range 0 to +65 °C • New versions are labeled as sufix 10 buy several of them for your lab and (SpectraPen LM 510) your students. Tilt sensor • Large internal data storage. Up to • Automatic display rotation in 100,000 data points. response to device orientation • PC communication modules. • Measure leaf angle and cardinal Bluetooth and USB. direction • Windows® data transfer and analysis software. New version of FluorPen software for visualization and data export routines to the computer.

8 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

Chlorophyll OD680/ Light Abs/Tran/Ref Leaf Area Location Enviro Reflectance PAR fluorescence OD720 spectrum spectrum Index sensor sensor

FluorPen • – – – – – – • • PAR–FluorPen • – – • – – – • • Monitoring Pen • – – • – – – • • AquaPen–C • – • – – – – • • AquaPen–P • – – – – – – • • PlantPen – • – – – – – • • N–Pen – • – – – – – • • PolyPen – • – – – • – • • PolyPen–Aqua – – • – – • – • - SpectraPen LM 510 – – – • • – – • - SpectraPen SP 110 – – – – • – – • - LaiPen – – – • – – • • -

9 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

FluorPen FP 110 & PAR-FluorPen­ FP 110-MAX­ -LM­

FluorPen FP 110 is a portable, battery-­ Data transfer to a PC is via USB ^^APPLICATIONS -powered fluorometer that enables and Bluetooth communication. quick and precise measurement of Comprehensive FluorPen 1.1 software • Photosynthesis research and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters provides data transfer routines and education in the laboratory, greenhouse, or in many additional features for data • Plant & molecular biology the field. It can be effectively used presentation in tables and graphs. • Plant screening & field studies for studying photosynthetic activity, • Stress physiology stress detection, herbicide testing, or Different leaf clips for gentle but firm • Agriculture & forestry mutant screening. Affordable price and sample holding are available: standard • Biotechnology straight-forward two-button operation leaf clip suitable for experiments where makes the FluorPen a perfect tool for short term dark adaptation is needed, teaching photosynthesis. open-window leaf clip suitable for measurements in ambient light and PAR-FluorPen FP 110-MAX-LM is detachable leaf clips suitable for extended version of FluorPen FP 110, experiments where long term dark which incorporates an integrated Light adaptation is needed. Meter for direct digital readouts of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) in the range from 400 to 700 nm, the span in which plants use energy during photosynthesis. PAR is measured as Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD), which is indicated by units of quanta (photons) per unit time per unit surface area. The sensor has a uniform response to photons within the 400 – 700 nm waveband. Instant readouts are provided as average values of 20 measurements.

Measured data are sequentially stored in the internal FluorPen memory.

10 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^FLUORPENS MEASURE ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• FT – continuous fluorescence yield in non-actinic light. TF is • Measured/Calculated Parameters: F0, FT, FM F’M, QY,

equivalent to F0 if the leaf sample is dark-adapted. OJIP, NPQ 1,2, and Light Curve 1,2,3, PAR (measured as • QY – Photosystem II Quantum Yield. QY is equivalent to PPFD)

FV/FM in the dark-adapted samples and to F’V/F’M in the • Cosine Correction: Cosine corrected up to 80° angle of light-adapted samples. incidence • OJIP – Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Kinetics • PAR sensor linearity: Maximum deviation of 1 % • NPQ – Non-Photochemical Quenching up to per 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Light Curve (LC) – Photosystem II Quantum Yield estimated • Saturating Pulse Illumination: Adjustable from 0 to 100 % from fluorescence that is measured sequentially in several (up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) different light levels • Actinic Illumination: Adjustable from 0 to 100 % • PAR – Photosynthetically Active Radiation measured as (up to 1,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) • Measuring Illumination: Adjustable from 0 to 100 % (only in PAR-FluorPen FP 110-MAX-LM) (up to 0.09 µmol.m-2 per pulse) • Detector Wavelength Range: PIN photodiode with 667 to 750 nm bandpass filters ^^SOFTWARE • FluorPen 1.1 Software: Windows 7, or higher • Memory Capacity: 16 Mbit • FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7, or higher compatible) • Internal Data Logging: Up to 149,000 data points • Real-time and remote control functions • Display: Graphical display • Bluetooth, USB or serial communication (optional) • Keypad: Sealed, 2-key tactile response • Visualization and data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel • Keypad Escape Time: Turns off after 8 minutes of no use (optional) • Power Supply: Li­-ion rechargeable battery • GPS mapping • Battery Life: 48 hours typical with full operation • Low Battery Detection: Low battery indication displayed • Size: 134 × 65 × 33 mm ^^KEY FEATURES • Weight: 188 g • Sample Holder: Mechanical leaf clip closed or open • Rapid and accurate measurement of photosynthetic or detachable parameters • Operating Conditions: • Photosynthetically Active Radiation measurements ·· Temperature: 0 to +55 °C • Leaf clip for dark adaptation ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing) • Fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics • Storage Conditions: measurements ·· Temperature: -10 to +60 °C • Both lab and field applications ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing) • Rugged and compact device • Easy-to-use two-button operation • Comprehensive software for data processing • USB and Bluetooth communication for data transfer • Li­-ion rechargeable battery via USB port of a PC

11 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

Monitoring Pen MP 110

Monitoring Pen MP 110 is a light-­ Monitoring Pen is capable of measuring ^^APPLICATIONS -weight, portable and durable five most frequently used fluorescence

fluorometer; it is an extended version parameters: FT, QY, OJIP, NPQ, and • Photosynthesis research and of the popular FluorPen. Due to its Light Curve. Thus it can be effectively education robust and weatherproof construction used for studying photosynthetic • Photosynthetic performance the Monitoring Pen is designed for activity, long­-term monitoring of monitoring long­-term, unattended monitoring of photosynthetic performance in naturally • Long­-term environmental monitoring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in changing environmental conditions, • Plant screening & field studies lab or field experiments, even in rough stress detection, herbicide testing, • Stress physiology environmental conditions. It is battery or growth performance monitoring in • Agriculture & forestry operated (internal or external battery) controlled and field conditions. • Biotechnology and it may optionally use a solar panel Monitoring Pen features programmable as a power supply. autonomous operation with automated switch ON function, which allows long ^^KEY FEATURES lasting and self­-governing battery-­ -powered operation. Measured data • Rugged and compact device are sequentially stored in the internal constructed both for lab use FluorPen memory. Data transfer to a PC (MP 110-S) and for unattended is via USB or Bluetooth communication. extreme outdoor conditions Comprehensive FluorPen 1.1 software (MP 100-E and MP 100-A) provides data transfer routines and • Autonomous operation and data many additional features for data storing presentation in tables and graphs. • Up to 365-days of battery-powered operation (optional solution) Additionally, numerous monitoring • Pre-programmed protocols for units can be linked together and five most common fluorescence operated from the central steering unit, parameters: F , QY, OJIP, NPQ, which is linked to a data logger and T and Light Curve mobile modem for online data transfer • Online data acquisition (optional (optional). solution) • Complex FluorPen software for data transfer routines and further processing

Antarctica research with Monitoring Pen MP 100 12 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^VERSIONS ^^MONITORING PEN ^^TECHNICAL

• Monitoring Pen MP 100­-E MEASURES SPECIFICATION

Durable, battery-powered­ fluorometer • FT – continuous fluorescence yield in • Measured/Calculated Parameters:

intended for autonomous use in field non­-actinic light. FT is equivalent to F0, FT, FM, FM., QY, OJIP, NPQ 1,2

conditions. It features a waterproof F0 if the leaf sample is dark­-adapted. and LC 1,2,3, PAR (measured as metal case, measuring probe, thread • QY – Photosystem II Quantum Yield. PPFD)

for tripod attachment, external pack QY is equivalent to FV/FM in the dark­- • Cosine Correction:

with batteries and the FluorPen 1.0 -adapted samples and to F’V/F’M in Cosine corrected up to 80° angle of software for data collection and the light­-adapted samples. incidence processing. Final configuration • OJIP ­-Chlorophyll Fluorescence • Linearity: (working outdoor conditions, request Induction Kinetics Maximum deviation of 1 % for data logger, requirements for • NPQ – Non­-Photochemical up to per 10,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 battery life, etc.) must be consulted Quenching • Saturating Pulse Illumination: prior to order. • Light Curve (LC) – Photosystem Adjustable from 0 to 100 % (up to II Quantum Yield estimated from 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) Monitoring Pen MP 100-A fluorescence that is measured • Actinic Illumination: Submersible, battery-powered sequentially in several different light Adjustable from 0 to 100 % (up to fluorometer intended for underwater levels 1,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) measuring of fluorescence • Measuring Illumination: parameters (also autonomous). Adjustable from 0 to 100 % (from It features a waterproof case, 0.01 up to 0.09 µmol.m­-2 per pulse) measuring probe, and the FluorPen • Detector Wavelength Range: 1.0 software for data collection and PIN photodiode with 697 to 750 nm processing. External battery pack ^^SOFTWARE bandpass filters with batteries is sold separately. • FluorPen 1.1 Software: Final configuration (working outdoor • FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7, Windows 7, or higher compatible conditions, water depth, frequency or higher compatible) • Memory Capacity: of measurements, requirements • Real­-time and remote control 16 Mbit for battery life, etc.) should be functions • Internal Data Logging: consulted with PSI prior to order. • Bluetooth, USB or serial Up to 100,000 data points communication (optional) • Display: • Visualization and data transfer Graphical display (S version) routines to Microsoft Excel (optional) 2 × 8 characters LC display (E and • GPS mapping plug­-in (optional) A version) • Keypad: Sealed, 2­-key tactile response • Keypad Escape Time: Turns off after 5 minutes of no use • Power Supply: 4 AAA alkaline or rechargeable batteries (standard version) • Low Battery Detection: Low battery indication displayed • Size: 135 × 65 × 33 mm • Weight: 188 g • Sample Holder: Mechanical leaf clip closed or open • Operating Conditions: ·· Temperature: 0 to +55 °C ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non­- condensing) • Storage Conditions: ·· Temperature: -10 to +60 °C ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non­-condensing)

13 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

AquaPen-C­ AP-C­ 110 & AquaPen-P­ AP-P­ 110

AquaPen is a lightweight, hand­-held excitation, i.e., for measuring chlorophyll ^^APPLICATIONS fluorometer that is very convenient for fluorescence in algal cultures. Red-­ quick, reliable, and easily repeatable -orange excitation light (620 nm) • Photosynthesis research of algal and measurements of photosynthetic is intended for excitation through cyanobacterial suspensions parameters both in algal, and phycobilins and is suitable for measuring • Photosynthesis education cyanobacterial or eventually plant cell in cyanobacterial cultures. • Phycology suspensions. AquaPen is equipped with • Limnology AquaPen is available in two versions. blue and red LED emitters, optically • Oceanography AquaPen­-C AP­-C 110 is a cuvette filtered and precisely focused to deliver • Biotechnology version of the AquaPen fluorometer PAR values of up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 to and contains an inbuild turbidometer measured suspensions. Blue excitation for measurement of optical density. light (455 nm) is intended for chlorophyll AquaPen­-P AP­-P 110 is a probe version of AquaPen, which allows the ^^KEY FEATURES same measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in suspension by directly • Rapid and accurate measurement of placing the probe in the suspension photosynthetic parameters medium. • Fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics measurements Due to ultra­-high sensitivity – up to • Both lab and field applications 0.5 µg Chl/l – the AquaPen C can • Ultra­-high sensitivity measure natural water samples • Rugged and compact device containing very low concentrations of • Easy­-to­-use two­-button operation phytoplankton. • Comprehensive software for data Measured data are sequentially stored processing in the internal FluorPen memory. Data • USB and Bluetooth communication transfer is via USB and Bluetooth for data transfer communication. Comprehensive • Li­-ion rechargeable battery via USB FluorPen 1.1 software provides data port of a PC transfer routines and many additional features for data presentation in tables and graphs.

14 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^AQUAPENS MEASURE ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• FT: Instantaneous chlorophyll • Measured/Calculated Parameters: • Power Supply: Li­-ion rechargeable

fluorescence. TF is equivalent to F0 if F0; FT; FM; F’M ; QY; OJIP; NPQ 1,2; LC battery the sample is dark-adapted. 1,2,3; OD680, OD720 • Battery Life: 48 hours typical with full • QY: Quantum Yield. QY is a measure • Saturating Pulse Illumination: operation of the Photosystem II efficiency. Adjustable from 0 to 100 % • Low Battery Detection: Low battery -2 -1 QY is equivalent to FV/FM in dark-­ (up to 3,000 µmol.m .s ) indication displayed

-adapted samples and to F’V/F’M in • Actinic Illumination: • Size: 165 × 65 × 55 mm light­-adapted samples. Adjustable from 0 to 100 % • Weight: 290 g • OJIP: Chlorophyll fluorescence (up to 1,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) • Sample Holder: 4 ml cuvette transient. OJIP measurement is used • Measuring Illumination: • Operating Conditions: as an important biophysical signal Adjustable from 0 to 100 % ·· Temperature: 0 to +55 °C that reflects the time course of (up to 0.09 µmol.m­-2 per pulse) ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non­- photosynthesis. • Detector Wavelength Range: condensing) • NPQ: Non­-photochemical PIN photodiode with 667 to 750 nm • Storage Conditions: quenching. NPQ indicates thermal bandpass filters ·· Temperature: ­-10 to +60 °C; dissipation of absorbed light energy • FluorPen 1.1 Software: Windows 7, ·· Relative Humidity: 0 to 95 % (non­- during photosynthesis. or higher condensing) • LC: Light Curve. LC1, LC2 and • Memory Capacity: 16 Mbit LC3 protocols serve to describe • Internal Data Logging: Up to 149,000 adaptation of QY to 5, 6 or 7 light data points levels. • Display: Graphical display • Optical Density: by two far­-red • Keypad: Sealed, 2­-key tactile LEDs (720 nm, 680 nm) – only in the response AquaPen-C AP-C 110 • Keypad Escape Time: Turns off after 8 minutes of no use

^^SOFTWARE

• FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7, or higher compatible) • Bluetooth and USB communication • Real­-time and remote control functions • Export to Microsoft Excel • GPS mapping

15 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

PlantPen PRI 210 & PlantPen NDVI 310

PlantPen is a reflectance-based The PlantPen model NDVI 310 measures ^^APPLICATIONS device that provides a convenient, Normalized Difference Vegetation low-cost method of measuring the Index (NDVI), which is an important • Photosynthesis research and relative chlorophyll content of a leaf indicator of chlorophyll content in plants. education sample. PlantPens are hand-held, The pigment in plant leaves, chlorophyll, • Plant biology battery-powered devices that help strongly absorbs visible light (from 0.4 to • Plant screening & field studies to characterize plants by means 0.7 µm) for use in photosynthesis. The • Stress physiology of reflectance. PlantPens measure cell structure of the leaves, on the other • Agronomy & forestry and calculate particular reflectance hand, strongly reflects near-infrared light indices to assess chlorophyll content, (from 0.7 to 1.1 µm). The differences in photoprotecting carotenoids, and other plant reflectance in the visible and near- ^^KEY FEATURES important features in live foliage. Two infrared wavelengths are used to calculate standard PlantPen versions measure the NDVI index. NDVI is directly related to the • Rugged and compact device most common indexes: Photochemical photosynthetic capacity and hence energy • Easy-to-use two-button operation Reflectance Index (PRI) and absorption of plant canopies. • Both lab and field applications Normalized Difference Vegetation • Comprehensive software for data Index (NDVI). Comprehensive FluorPen processing 1.1 software provides data transfer • USB and Bluetooth communication routines and many additional features for for data transfer data presentation in tables and graphs. • Li­-ion rechargeable battery via USB port of a PC The PlantPen model PRI 210 measures Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) by comparing leaf reflectance in two narrow wavelength bands centered close to 531 nm and 570 nm. PRI is sensitive to changes in carotenoid pigments that are indicative of changes in photosynthetic

light use efficiency, the rate of CO2 uptake and as a reliable water-stress index. As such, it is used in studies of vegetation productivity and stress.

16 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^PLANTPENS MEASURE ^^SOFTWARE

• Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) • FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7, or higher compatible)

NDVI = (RNIR - RRED) / (RNIR + RRED) • Bluetooth and USB communication • PRI (Photochemical Reflectance Index) • Visualization and data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel

PRI = (R531 - R570) / (R531 + R570) (optional) • GPS mapping

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Measured Parameter: • Sample Holder: Mechanical leaf clip ·· PRI (Photochemical Reflectance Index) = • BIOS: Upgradeable firmware

(R531 - R570) / (R531 + R570) • Communication: Bluetooth 1.1, USB dongle or serial port Reference: Sellers et al. (1985) • Memory Capacity: 16 Mbit ·· NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetative Index) • Internal Data Logging: Up to 100,000 data points NDVI = (NIR – VIS) / (NIR + VIS) • Display: graphical display Measuring Light: • Keypad: Sealed, 2-key tactile response ·· Internal dual wavelength light source • Keypad Escape Time: Turns off after 5 minutes of no use

R531 = 531 nm, R570 = 570 nm for PRI 210 • Power Save Mode: Autosleep ·· Internal dual wavelength light • Power Supply: Li­-ion rechargeable battery VIS = 635 nm (bandwidth 625 nm – 645 nm), • Battery Life: 70 hours typical with full operation NIR = 760 nm (bandwidth 750 nm – 760 nm) • Low Battery Detection: Low battery indication displayed • Detector Wavelength Range: • Size: 135 × 65 × 33 mm ·· PIN photodiode with 500 to 600 nm • Weight: 188 g bandpass filters for PRI 210; • Operating Conditions: Temperature: 0 to +55 ºC; ·· PIN photodiode with 620 to 750 nm Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing) bandpass filters for NDVI 310 • Storage Conditions: Temperature: -10 to +60 ºC; • FluorPen 1.1 Software: Windows 7, or higher Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing)

17 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

N-Pen­ N 110

N-Pen N 110 is a light-weight, battery-­ ^^CURRENTLY ^^APPLICATIONS -powered reflectance-based instrument that provides a convenient, cost-­ AVAILABLE • Significant yield increase -effective method for effective nitrogen CALIBRATIONS • Quick tuning of nitrogen management in plants throughout management in crops • Maize their growing season. Essentially, • Increasing nitrogen use efficiency • Wheat the N-Pen characterizes nitrogen • Reducing the risk of yield-limiting • Barley amount by means of reflectance and N deficiencies by the concept of a close link between • Saving labor and/or application chlorophyll content and nitrogen costs content in plants. • Reducing the risk of excessive ^^KEY FEATURES fertilizer applications and Rugged and compact N-Pen can be subsequent contamination of the favorably used on the field, in the plant • Lightweight, hand-held design environment biology lab or for education. The use • Non-invasive measurement method • Agronomy research of the N-Pen is non-destructive and • Easy two-button operation permits quick, repeated measurements • Quick and easily repeatable throughout the growing season. It measurements takes rechargeable Li­-ion battery and is • Battery-operated supplied in a robust case.

N-Pen versions with a USB and Bluetooth communication module for data transfer are available. Comprehensive FluorPen 1.1 software provides data transfer routines and many additional features for data presentation in tables and graphs.

18 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^N-PEN MEASURES ^^SOFTWARE

• Nitrogen content correlating with Normalized Difference • FluorPen 1.1 software (Windows 7, or higher compatible) Greenness Index: • Bluetooth and USB communication

• NDGI = (R780 - R565)/(R780 + R565) • Visualization and data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel • Nitrogen content displayed as % (optional) • GPS mapping

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Measured Parameters: • Power Supply: Nitrogen content calibrated for particular plant Li­-ion rechargeable baterry • Measuring Light: • Battery Life: Dual wavelength light source – 565 nm, 760 nm 48 hours typical with full operation • Detector Wavelength Range: • Low Battery Detection: 500 to 800 nm bandpass filters Low battery indication displayed • Memory Capacity: • Size: 135 × 65 × 33 mm 16 Mbit • Weight: 188 g • Internal Data Logging: • Operating Conditions: Up to 100,000 data points ·· Temperature: 0 to 55 ºC • Display: ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing) Graphical display • Storage Conditions: • Keypad: ·· Temperature: -10 to +60 ºC Sealed, 2-key tactile response ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-condensing) • Keypad Escape Time: Turns off after 3 minutes of no use

19 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

PolyPen RP 410

PolyPen RP 410 features a complete ^^APPLICATIONS ^^VERSIONS system for measurement of spectral reflectance of an internal light • Photosynthesis research and RP 410 UVIS source (Xenon incandescent lamp education • Spectral response range: 340 – 1,050 nm) from leaves and other • Plant biology 380 to 780 nm types of samples. • Plant screening & field studies RP 410 NIR • Environmental monitoring PolyPen RP 410 incorporates formulas • Spectral response range: • Ecology of commonly used reflectance indexes 640 to 1,050 nm • Agriculture and horticulture (e.g., NDVI, NDGI, PRI etc.) into its software and displays values of selected indexes for the measured sample. Measured data are instantly displayed in graphs or data sheets on the device ^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE screen display. They are also stored as full spectrum in the device memory for • Complete system for measurement • Automatic calculation of all later re-collection or transfer onto a PC. of spectral reflectance on leaves commonly used reflectance indices • Automatic calculation of all • Calculation of custom indices commonly used reflectance indices possible • Custom indices calculation possible • Instant data graphs and data sheets • Rugged and compact device for • Export to a PC via USB both lab and field applications communication • Programmable via intuitive touch-­ • Data browsing and data averaging -screen use • Visualization and data transfer • Integrated light source routines to Microsoft Excel • Leaf clip for non-destructive, in-situ • GPS mapping plug-in measurements • Future firmware updates • Comprehensive software for data processing • USB communication for data transfer • Handheld, lightweight and battery-­ -powered with affordable price

20 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^LIST OF CALCULATED ^^POLYPEN MEASURES

VEGETATION INDICES • Absorbance – calculated data using the following formula

• Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) • A=log(I0/I), where I0 is reference light intensity and I is Reference: Rouse et al. (1974) measured light intensity

Equation: NDVI = (RNIR - RRED) / (RNIR + RRED) • Transmittance – calculated data using the following formula

• Simple Ratio Index (SR) • T= I/ I0, where I0 is reference light intensity and I is measured Reference: Jordan (1969); Rouse et al. (1974) light intensity

Equation: SR = RNIR / RRED • Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index (MCARI1) Reference: Haboudane et al. (2004)

Equation: MCARI1 = 1.2 × [2.5 × (R790 - R670) - 1.3 × (R790 - R550)] • Optimized Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI) Reference: Rondeaux et al. (1996)) ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Equation: OSAVI = (1 + 0.16) × (R790vR670) / (R790 - R670 + 0.16) • Greenness Index (G) • Light Source: Xenon incandescent lamp 380 – 1,050 nm

Equation: G = R554 / R677 • Spectral Response Range: • Modified Chlorophyll Absorption in Reflectance Index 380 – 790 nm (UVIS), 640 nm – 1,050 nm (NIR) (MCARI) • Spectral Response Half Width: 8 nm Reference: Daughtry et al. (2000) • Spectral Straylight: -30 dB

Equation: MCARI = [(R700 - R670) - 0.2 × (R700- R550)] × (R700/ R670) • Optical Aperture Diameter: 5 mm • Transformed CAR Index (TCARI) • Scanning Speed: About 100 ms Reference: Haboudane et al. (2002) • Touch Screen: 240 × 320 pixel; 65,535 colors Equation: TSARI = • Memory Capacity: 32 Mbit (up to 4,000 measurements)

3 × [(R700 - R670) - 0.2 × (R700 - R550) × (R700/ R670)] • System Data: 16 bit A/D conversion • Triangular Vegetation Index (TVI) • Dynamic Range: High gain: 1:4,300; Low gain: 1:13,000 Reference: Broge and Leblanc (2000) • Communication: USB

Equation: TVI = 0.5 × [120 × (R750 - R550) - 200 × (R670 - R550)] • Dimension / Weight: 153 × 76 × 44 mm / 350 g • Zarco-Tejada & Miller Index (ZMI) • Case: Splash-proof Reference: Zarco-Tejada et al. (2001) • Battery: Li­-ion; rechargeable via USB port of a PC

Equation: ZMI = R750 / R710 • Simple Ratio Pigment Index (SRPI) Reference: Peñuelas et al. (1995)

Equation: SRPI = R430 / R680 • Normalized Phaeophytinization Index (NPQI) Reference: Barnes et al. (1992)

Equation: NPQI = (R415 - R435) / (R415+ R435) • Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) Reference: Gamon et al. (1992)

Equation: PRI = (R531 - R570) / (R531+ R570) • Normalized Pigment Chlorophyll Index (NPCI) Reference: Peñuelas et al. (1994)

Equation: NPCI = (R680 - R430) / (R680+ R430) • Carter Indices Reference: Carter (1994), Carter et al. (1996)

Equation: Ctr1 = R695 / R420; Ctr2 = R695 / R760 • Lichtenthaler Indices Reference: Lichtenthaler et al. (1996)

Equation: Lic1 = (R790 - R680) / (R790 + R680); Lic2 = R440 / R690 • Structure Intensive Pigment Index (SIPI) Reference: Peñuelas et al. (1995)

Equation: SIPI = (R790 - R450) / (R790 + R650) • Gitelson and Merzlyak Indices Reference: Gitelson & Merzlyak (1997)

Equation: GM1 = R750 / R550; GM2 = R750 / R700)

21 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

PolyPen-Aqua PA 210

PolyPen­-Aqua PA 210 is a portable, ^^APPLICATIONS handheld and reasonably priced spectrophotometer intended for • Qualitative and quantitative analysis measuring spectra in suspensions. It of liquids and solutions can be used favorably in a wide range of • Growth monitoring of autotrophic applications – biotechnology, limnology, and heterotrophic microorganisms ecology, molecular biology, chemistry, • Vital spectra of cell suspensions forensic science etc. The device is • Pigment composition convenient both for standard laboratory • Protein analysis work and for field work, well using its inbuilt GPS unit. The PolyPen­-Aqua measures absorbance and transmittance spectra based on a single beam method; detection range is 380 – 790 nm. The ^^KEY FEATURES device is equipped with an internal light source ­- Xenon incandescent lamp. • PolyPen­-Aqua fully substitutes bench top spectrophotometers PolyPen­-Aqua can be used as an • Lightweight, hand­-held, self­- autonomous instrument. It is powered contained device by an inbuilt Li­-Ion rechargeable • Suitable for lab and field applications battery and thus it does not require • Programmable via intuitive touch­- a PC or any other bulky accessory for screen display its operation. Measured spectra are • Comprehensive and user­-friendly instantly displayed in graphs or data software sheets on the device touch screen. Full spectra information is stored in the device memory for later re­-analysis in a PC. The important part of the PA 210 package is the control software. It allows user­-friendly, online control of the device as well as measured data saving, uploading and further processing in a PC. Definition of custom calculated parameters based on measured spectra is also possible.

22 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^POLYPEN­-AQUA MEASURES ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Whole absorbance and transmittance spectra • Light Source: Xenon incandescent lamp, spectral range • Optical density (OD) at 600 nm, 680 nm, 720 nm, and 380 – 780 nm 750 nm • Spectral Response Range: 340 – 780 nm • Absorbance – calculated data using the following formula • Spectral Response Half Width: 8 nm

• A=log(I0/I), where I0 is reference light intensity and I is • Spectral Straylight: ­-30 dB measured light intensity • Size of Aperture: 7 mm • Transmittance – calculated data using the following formula • Scanning Speed: About 100 ms

• T= I/ I0, where I0 is reference light intensity and I is measured • Touch Screen: 240 × 320 pixel; 65,535 colors light intensity • Memory Capacity: 16 Mbit (up to 8,000 measurements) • System Data: 16 bit A/D conversion • Dynamic Range: High gain: 1:4,300; Low gain: 1:13,000 • Communication: USB • Dimension / Weight: 15 × 7.5 × 4 cm / 350 g • Case: Splash­-proof • Battery: Li­-ion; rechargeable via USB port of a PC

^^SOFTWARE

• Online control of the PolyPen­-Aqua device • GPS mapping plug­-in • Visualization of complete spectra as well as the table of calculated parameters • Calculation of custom indices possible • Different operation modes: scope, absorbance, transmittance • Different tools: zoom, marker, auto scale, curve smoothing • Data browsing and data averaging • Data transfer routines to Microsoft Excel • SpectraPen 1.1 software (Windows, XP, or higher compatible)

23 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

SpectraPen LM 510

SpectraPen LM 510 is a handheld The SpectraPen works with Li­-ion ^^APPLICATIONS portable spectroradiometer that is rechargeable battery and does not ideal as a general-purpose instrument require for operation any PC or any other • Light radiation monitoring for research and for agricultural bulky accessory. On the SpectraPen • Environmental monitoring applications. SpectraPen LM 510 touch screen the wavelength and • Artificial lighting measurements measures in radiometric or photometric intensity readings and their spectral lines • Ecology units the intensity of the light received including correlated color temperature • Agriculture and horticulture and is calibrated for visible light in index are instantly displayed. All • Light source testing and quality range of 380 – 780 nm and the light in recorded data are automatically stored control range of 640 – 1,050 nm. SpectraPen is into the device internal memory. The • Color measurement especially useful for rapid measurements SpectraPen includes a comprehensive of spectral light quality, for monitoring of software package comprising full system artificial lighting and for quantification of control, data acquisition and data light radiation. processing. ^^KEY FEATURES

The SpectraPen is suited for wide • Compact, durable and lightweight scope of environmental, agricultural device with affordable price and ecological applications such as • Radiometric calibration monitoring of artificial lighting used • Spectral response in range in horticulture industry or light source 340 – 780 nm or 640 – 1,050 nm testing. • Integrated cosine corrector • Data processing • Light parameter calculation • Fast spectra recording • Both lab and field applications • Programmable via intuitive touch- screen use • USB connectivity to a PC for data collection and analysis • Integrated GPS

24 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^VERSIONS ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

LM 510-H • Optical Entrance: Cosine corrector • Communication: USB

• Cosine corrector facing up • FWHM Bandwidth: 7 mm • Dimensions: 180 × 76 × 44 mm • Limited space measurement • Spectral Response Range: • Weight: 350 g LM 510-V 340 - 780 nm, 640 – 1,050 nm • Case: Splash-proof • Cosine corrector facing front • Spectral Response Half Width: 9* • Battery: Li­-ion; rechargeable via USB • Field measurement • Spectral Straylight: -30 dB* port of a PC • Tripod mount • Wavelength Reproducibility: • Battery Life: LM 510-UVIS ±0.5 nm 48 hours (continuous operation) • Wavelength range 340 to 780 nm • Integration Time: • Operating Conditions: LM 510-NIS Automatic, 5 ms to 10 s • Temperature: 0 to +55 °C • Wavelength range 640 to 1,050 nm • Number of Pixel: 256 • Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % • Dimension of Pixel: 0.5 × 15.8 mm • Storage Conditions • Touch Screen: ^^SOFTWARE • Temperature: -10 to +60 °C 240 × 320 pixel; 65,535 colors • Different operation modes: scope, • Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % • Memory Capacity: absorbance, transmittance * When monochromatic light of 16 Mbit (up to 4,000 measurements) • Different tools: zoom, marker, auto λ = 550 nm or λ = 850 nm is input, scale, curve smoothing • System Data: 16 bit A/D conversion spectral stray light is defined as • Automatic sensitivity adjustment the ratio of the count measured at • Noise: 15 LSB RMS • Data browsing and data averaging the input wavelength, to the count • Visualization and data transfer measured at a wavelength 40 nm routines to Microsoft Excel longer or shorter than the input • GPS mapping plug-in wavelength.

^^SPECTRAPEN MEASURES • Irradiance spectrum [μW.cm-2.nm-1] • Photon flux density spectrum [μmol.m-2.s-1.nm-1] • Irradiance [Wm-2] in user defined range • Photon flux density [μmol.m-2.s-1] in user defined range • Illuminance [lux] • PAR [μmol.m-2.s-1] • Chromacity diagram CIE1931 • CIE color coordinates • Correlated color temperature • Color rendering index • User defined formulas in PC software

25 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

SpectraPen SP 110

SpectraPen SP 110 is a low-cost, On the SpectraPen touch screen the ^^APPLICATIONS handheld spectrometer that is ideal wavelength and intensity readings and as a general-purpose instrument for their spectral lines are instantly displayed. • Indoor and outdoor visible light research labs, agricultural and industrial All recorded data are automatically stored source testing applications. SpectraPen is especially into the device internal memory. The • Optical filters and protecting screens useful for rapid measurements of SpectraPen is suited for wide scope of spectra measurements absorption, reflectance, transmittance, agricultural and industrial applications. • Color measurements emission, color and fluorescence of • Absorption, reflectance, The SpectraPen also includes various samples. transmittance, emission and a comprehensive software package fluorescence measurements of The SpectraPen works with Li­-ion comprising full system control, data various samples rechargeable battery and does not acquisition and data processing. • Ecology require for operation any PC or any other • Agriculture and horticulture bulky accessory.

^^KEY FEATURES

• Handheld and lightweight device with affordable price • Both lab and field applications • Programmable via intuitive touch- screen use • Wide spectral response range: UV/VIS 340 – 780 nm; NIR: 640 – 1,050 nm • Flexibility in measurement SET-UP • Battery-powered • USB connectivity • No PC needed • Specific setups for fluorescence or reflectance (optional)

26 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^SPECTRAPEN ^^SOFTWARE ^^TECHNICAL

MEASURES • Different operation modes: scope, SPECIFICATION • Scope – rough spectrum data absorbance, transmittance • Spectral Response Range: • Absorbance (external sample holder • Different tools: zoom, marker, auto ·· SP 110-UVIS: 340 – 780 nm and light source needed) scale, curve smoothing ·· SP 110-NIR: 640 – 1,050 nm

• A=log(I0/I), where I0 is reference light • Automated setting of the integration • Spectral Response Half Width: intensity and I is measured light time ·· SP110-UVIS: 9 intensity • Data browsing and data averaging ·· SP 110-NIR: 8 • Transmittance (external sample • Visualization and data transfer • Optical Entrance: holder and light source needed) routines to Microsoft Excel SMA905 to 0.22 numerical aperture

• T= I/I0, where I0 is reference light • GPS mapping plug-in single-stand opticalfiber intensity and I is measured light • Spectral Straylight*: -30 dB intensity • Wavelength Reproducibility: ±0.5 nm • Integration Time: 5 ms to 10 s • Number of Pixels: 256 • System Data: 16 bit A/D conversion • Dynamic Range: ^^VERSIONS ·· High gain: 1:4,300 ·· Low gain: 1:13,000 SpectraPen SP 110-UVIS • Communication: USB • Wavelength range 340 to 780 nm • SpectraPen Software: Windows 7, or higher compatible SpectraPen SP 110-NIR • Memory Capacity: 16 Mbit • Wavelength range 640 to 1,050 nm • Internal Data Logging: Up to 4,000 measurements • Touch screen: 240×320 pixels; 65,535 colors; • Battery: Li­-ion; rechargeable via USB port of a PC • Battery Life: 48 hours typical with full operation • Size: 153 × 76 × 44 mm • Weight: 350 g • Case: Splash-proof • Operating Conditions: ·· Temperature: 0 to 55 ºC ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (noncondensing) • Storage Conditions: ·· Temperature: -10 to +60 ºC ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (noncondensing)

* When monochromatic light of λ = 550 nm or λ = 850 nm is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured at a wavelength 40 nm longer or shorter than the input wavelength.

27 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

LaiPen LP 110

LaiPen LP 110 measures Leaf Area Index (LAI), which is defined as the one­-sided green leaf area per unit ground surface area (LAI = leaf area / ground area, m2/m2) in broadleaf canopies. The LaiPen LP 110 calculates LAI and other canopy structure attributes from solar radiation measurements made with a wide­-angle optical sensor. Measurements made above and below the canopy are used to determine canopy light interception at five angles, from which LAI is computed using a model of radiative transfer in vegetative canopies.

The LaiPen was designed by scientists and engineers to provide its user quick and reliable results. Unlike in other similar devices measuring LAI, the LaiPen LP 110 is accurate in most daylight conditions and does not require cloud cover or specific sun angles for its proper performance.

LaiPen LP 110 can work in two operation modes:

– Single sensor mode ­- reference measurement is taken before, after or during measurement with the same instrument;

– Dual sensor mode -­ second instrument is used for automatic logging of reference signal.

28 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^APPLICATIONS ^^LAIPEN MEASURES ^^TECHNICAL

• Studies of canopy growth and • Leaf Area Index (LAI) SPECIFICATION productivity • Photosynthetically Active • Measured Parameters: • Studies of forest dynamism Radiation (PAR): ·· Leaf Area Index (LAI) • Research on air pollution or insect Photosynthetically Active Radiation ·· Photosynthetically Active Radiation impact on foliage health measured as Photosynthetic Photon (PAR) • Great for rapid, repeated Flux Density (PPFD) • Detector Wavelength Range: measurements and for large plant ·· 400 to 700 nm bandpass filters for screening programs PAR measurement • Remote sensing ·· 400 to 500 nm bandpass filters for • Global carbon cycle LAI measurement • View Restricting Cap: ·· Horizontal field of view: 112º ^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE ·· Vertical field of view: 16º • Foliage Inclination of • High sensitivity • Comprehensive software with data Measurement: • Integrated sensor for measuring collection, analysis and visualization View angles: 0º, 16º, 32º, 48º, 64º foliage inclination • USB and Bluetooth communication • Memory Capacity: • Measurement in five different • Visualization and data transfer Up to 4 Mbit acceptance angles – light is taken routines to Microsoft Excel • Internal Data Logging: from five different zenith angles with • Regular firmware updates Up to 100,000 data points one reading • GPS mapping plug­-in • Display: • Fast and easily repeatable Graphical display measurements with instant readouts • Keypad: • Manual and automatic measurement Sealed, 2­-key tactile response • Lightweight, robust and battery-­ • Keypad Escape Time: -powered device with simple two­- Turns off after 5 minutes of no use button operation • Power Supply: • Large internal data storage Li­-ion rechargeable battery • USB and Bluetooth communication • Battery Life: • GPS module 48 hours typical with full operation • Low Battery Detection: Low battery indication displayed • Size: 135 mm × 65 mm × 33 mm • Weight: 188 g • Operating Conditions: ·· Temperature: 0 to +55 ºC ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-­ -condensing) • Storage Conditions: ·· Temperature: -10 to +60 ºC ·· Relative humidity: 0 to 95 % (non-­ -condensing)

29 01 / Pocket-Sized Devices

^^REFERENCES

FLUOROMETERS • Vadiveloo A., Moheimani N.R., Kosterink N. R. et al. (2016). FluorPen FP 110 & PAR-FluorPen FP 110-MAX-LM Algal Res. 19. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.08.014 • Ajigboye O. O., Lu Ch., Murchie E. H., et al. (2017). Pest. Bio. REFLECTANCE METERS Phys. 137. DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.09.008. PlantPen • Duarte B., Pedro S., Marques J. C., et al. (2017). Ecol. Ind. 76. • Jabran, K. and Doğan, M. N. (2017). Pest. Manag. Sci. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.01.023. DOI: 10.1002/ps.4788 • Paradiso R., Arena C., De Micco V., et al. (2017). Frot. Plant • Trnková K. and Barták M. (2017). Phycol. Res. 65. Sci. 8. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00674 DOI: 10.1111/pre.12157 • Puglielli G., Redondo-Gómez S., Gratani L., et al. (2017). J • Barták M., Hazdrová J., Skácelová K., et al. (2016). Czech Polar Plant Phys. 213. DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.02.015. Reports. 6. DOI: 10.5817/CPR2016-1-9 • Tripathi D. K., Singh S., Singh S., et al. (2017). Plant Physiology • Mendonça L. L. R., Alves F. R., Chagas E. N., et al. (2016). and Biochemistry. 110. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.015. Volume 3. DOI: 10.4322/nematoda.01515 • Chekanov K., Lukyanov A., Boussiba S. et al. (2016). • López-López M., Calderón R., González-Dugo V., et l. (2016). Photosynth. Res. 128. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0246-x Remote Sens. Volume 8. DOI: 10.3390/rs8040276 • Esteban R., Royo B., Urarte E. et al. (2016). Front. Plant Sci. 7. • Calderón R., Lucena C., Trapero-Casas J. L. et. al. (2014): DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00140. PLoS One. 9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110664 • Nauš J., Šmecko S. and Špundová M. (2016). Photosynth. Res. • Calderón, R., Zarco-Tejada, P.J., Lucena, C. et al. (2013): 129. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0291-5. Volume 139: 231-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.07.031 • Ruiz-Lozano J. M., Aroca R., Zamarreño Á. M. et al. (2016). • Zarco-Tejada P.J., Guillen-Climent M.L., Hernandez- Plant Cell Environ. 39. DOI: 10.1111/pce.12631 Clemente R. et al. (2013): Agric. For. Meteorol. DOI: 10.1016/j. • Timm C. M., Pelletier D. A., Jawdy S. S. et al. (2016). Front. agrformet.2012.12.013 Plant Sci. 7. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00497 • Jupa R., Hájek J., Hazdrová J. ET AL. (2012): Czech Polar MonitoringPen MP110 Reports, 2: 31-41. DOI: 10.5817/CPR2012-1-4 • Yeşiloğlu T., İncesu M., Bilge Yılmaz B., et al. (2015). Acta PolyPen RP410 Hortic. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1065.166 • Aigar Niglas, Kaisa Papp, Maciej Sękiewicz., et al. (2017).Tree • Barták M. and Váczi P. (2014). Czech Polar Reports 4. Phys. 37. DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx087 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2014-1-7 • Ashrafuzzaman M., Lubna F. A., Holtkamp F., et al. AquaPen-C AP-C 110 & AquaPen-P AP-P 110 (2017). Environmental Pollution. 230. DOI: 10.1016/j. • Borcier E., Morvezen R., Boudry P., et al. (2017). Aquatic envpol.2017.06.055. Toxicology. 184. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.009 • López-López M., Calderón R., González-Dugo V., et l. (2016). • Chen H., Zhou W., Chen W. et al. (2017). J Plant Phys. Remote Sens. 8. DOI: 10.3390/rs8040276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.12.015 • Zarco-Tejada P.J., González-Dugo M.V. and Fereres E. • Chokshi K., Pancha I., Ghosh A.and Mishra S. (2017). Biotech. (2016). Remote Sens. Environ. 179: 89–103. DOI: 10.1016/j. Biof. DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0747-7 rse.2016.03.024 • Remmers I. M., Hidalgo-Ulloa A., Brandt B. P. et al. (2017). • Ptusshenko V. V., Avercheva O. V., Bassarskaya E. M. Biores.Tech. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.093 et al. (2015). Sci. Hortic. 194: 267-277. DOI: 10.1016/j. • Markou G., Dao L. H. T., Muylaert K. and Beardall J.(2017). scienta.2015.08.021 Algal Res. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.07.005 • Ptushenko V.V., Ptushenko O.S. and Tikhonov • Duan Z., Tan X. and Li N. (2017). Water Sci. Tech. A.N. (2014). Biochem. (Mosc) 79 (3): 260-272. DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.376 DOI: 10.1134/S0006297914030122 • Kieselbach T., Cheregi O., Green B. R. and Funk C. (2017). LIGHT AND LAI METERS Photos. Res. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0400-0 SpectraPen LM 510 • Kim D., Kim E. K., Koh H. G. Et al. (2017). Algal. Res. • Duteil L., Esdaile J., Maubert Y., et al. (2017). PHPP. 33. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.026 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12325 • Lee T. M., Tseng Y. F., Cheng C. L. et al. (2017). Biotech. Biof. • Wolf R., Andersen T., Hessen D. O. and Hylland K. (2017). DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0905-y Funct Ecol, 31: 848–855. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12730 • Zhang H., Chena A., Li J. (2017). Phycologia. DOI: 10.2216/16-87.1 • Wolf R., Jan-Erik Thrane, Dag Olav Hessen, et al. (2017). Water • Cabanelas I. T. D., Kleinegris D. M. M., Wijffels R. H. and Research. 132, DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.025. Barbosa M. J. (2016). Bioresour. Technol. 219.DOI: 10.1016/j. biortech.2016.08.009 • SpectraPen SP 110 • Kim J., Hwang M., Lee S. et al. (2016). Bioresour. Technol. 205. • Choi H. G., Lee J. H., Moon B. Y., et al. (2017). JALS. 51. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.055 DOI: 10.14397/jals.2017.51.4.87 • Litvín R., Bína D., Herbstová M. and Gardian Z. (2016). • Dąbrowski P., Cetner M. D., Samborska I. A. et al. (2015). J. Photosynth. Res. 130. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0234-1 Coast. Life Med. 3. DOI: 10.12980/JCLM.3.2015J5-25 • Stockenreiter M., Haupt F., Seppälä J. et al. (2016). Algal Res. • Šebela D., Quiñones C., Olejníčková J. and Jagadish K.S.V. 15. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.013 (2015). Field Crops Res. 177. DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.02.025

30 31 02 / FluorCams

FLUORCAMS – INTRODUCTION ...... 34

Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H ...... 38

Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H is a portable system designed for time resolved fluorescence imaging of leaves and small plants both in a field and laboratory. The whole instrument can be carried in a convenient bag over the shoulder and can run on batteries.

Handy GFPCam FC 1000-H/GFP ...... 40

Handy GFPCam FC 1000-H/GFP is a modified version of the popular Handy FluorCam. Its unique construction allows both GFP imaging and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. It can be favorably used for lab and field experiments.

Closed FluorCam FC 800-C ...... 42

Closed FluorCam FC 800-C is a popular, best-selling system for imaging of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics which can be extended to multispectral version allowing detection of various fluorescent signals. The standard version consists of a CCD camera and four fixed LED panels. The LED panels provide uniform irradiance over samples up to 90 × 90 mm – suitable for small plants, detached leaves, algal dilutions, etc. The system allows dark adaptation.

Closed GFPCam FC 800-C/1010GFP ...... 44

Closed GFPCam FC 800-C/1010GFP was specifically developed for various applications requiring imaging of green fluorescent proteins in molecular and cellular biology. The device is equipped with a motorized, software-controlled filter wheel, which provides quick and simple switching between the GFP and chlorophyll fluorescence detection.

32 02 / FluorCams

Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 and FC 800-O/2020 ...... 46

Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 and FC 800-O/2020 are highly modular instruments with flexible geometry intended for samples of various sizes. The LED panels generating measuring flashes, actinic illumination and saturating pulses can be arranged at various angles and distances from the sample. Also, the position of the camera relative to the sample is adjustable.

Customized FluorCams ...... 48

Customized FluorCams are complex multispectral imaging systems that are manufactured according to customers very specific needs. They retain all capabilities and features of the standard FluorCams. In addition other imaging and scoring units such as RGB camera for true color analysis can be incorporated into the system. The specific construction of the systems makes them modular to fit the customer-specific requirements.

Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope FC 2000-Z ...... 50

Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope FC2000Z (FKM) is designed to be the most versatile tool for lab-based research. FKM extends the complete capacity of kinetic chlorophyll or multicolor fluorescence imaging to the realm of individual cells and sub-cellular structures.

REFERENCES ...... 52

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FLUORCAMS – INTRODUCTION LED WAVELENGTHS OPTIONS Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging device FluorCam is The available LED wavelengths are as follows: used to monitor fluorescence kinetics in pulse-amplitude STANDARD VERSION modulated mode and saturation pulse method, which provides a wealth of information about plant’s photosynthetic Red-orange 617 nm for Measuring flashes and Actinic light 1 capacity, physiological and metabolic condition, as well as Cool white 6,500 K for Saturating pulses and Actinic light 2 its susceptibility to various stress conditions. Chlorophyll fluorescence yield is estimated after the application of short The standard FluorCam version consists of a CCD camera and saturating flash in dark-adapted plants or when plants are four fixed LED panels. light-adapted or illuminated with photosynthetically active OTHER AVAILABLE WAVELENGTHS actinic light. The changes in chlorophyll fluorescence are used to describe plants capacities for photochemical and non- • Royal blue 447 nm photochemical quenching of light energy supplied to plants • Blue 470 nm surface. • Cyan 505 nm • Green 530 nm FluorCam device consists of a CCD camera and different LED • Amber 590 nm panels according to the type of the device: • Red 627 nm • Closed FluorCam FC 800-C/1010, FC 800-C/1010-GPF • Deep-red 660 nm have fixed 4 to 5 LED panels (4 + 1 additional, which is ADDITIONAL LIGHTS not included in the standard setup) and, optionally, a filter wheel equipped with up to 7 different emission filters. • UV 385 nm • Green 530 nm • Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010, FC 800-O/2020 has 4 to • Amber 590 nm 5 LED panels (4 + 1 additional, which is not included in the • Deep-red 660 nm standard setup), where 1 pair of the LED panels can be • FAR red 740 nm optionally changed to LED panels with different wavelenght. Also a filter wheel equipped with up to 7 different emission GREEN FLUORESCENCE PROTEIN (GFP) MEASUREMENT filters can be optionally included. • Royal blue 447 nm • Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H, FC 1000-H/GFP has • Blue 470 nm 4 fixed LED panels and, optionally, 2 manually changeable The GFPCam consists of a CCD camera, four to five fixed LED emission filters. panels (4 + 1 additional, which is not included in the standard • Customized FluorCam versions consist of LED panel with setup) and of a filter wheel equipped with up to 7 different 3 to 4 different LED wavelenghts panels (3 + 1 additional, emission filters, when one of them is GFP filter. which is not included in the standard setup) and, optionally, NDVI REFLECTANCE INDEX MEASUREMENT a filter wheel equipped with up to 3 different emission filters. • Deep-red 660 nm • FAR 740 nm • Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope can be equipped with 10-LED light module or 3-LED light module. High-end option for measuring PAR absorptivity and NDVI reflectance index. It includes 7-position filter wheel, light panel For more information about each type of the FluorCam device, 13 × 13 cm (installed around the camera and mounted with please refer to respective FluorCam chapters. FAR and deep-red LEDs) and a glass filter. PAR-measurement is based on reflectance of plants in near infrared region and in the visible red range of spectrum. NDVI is used as vegetative index for predicting photosynthetic activity. To be used only with FC 800-C/1010, FC 800-C/1010-GPF, FC 800-O/1010 or FC 800-O/2020 and some of the customized versions.

MULTICOLOR FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENT

• UV 385 nm

Multicolor Plant Module is high­-end option for measuring emission spectra in plants (according to Lichtenthaler and Bushmann). It includes 7-position filter wheel, UV LED light panel (installed around the camera and mounted with 4 UV LEDs), four filters – BLUE (FF01-440/40), GREEN (FF02­- 520/28), RED (FF01-690/8), FAR-RED (FF01-747/33)

34 02 / FluorCams

and a special software module. To be used only in the MULTICOLOR FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENT FC 800-C/1010, FC 800-C/1010-GPF, FC 800-O/1010 or FC 800-O/2020. This module cannot be used with the PAR-­ LED panel type Filter Bandpass -Absorptivity and NDVI Module in the Closed FluorCams Blue 440/40 FC 800-C/1010 or FC 800-C/1010-GPF. Green 520/23 Please note, that not all of the offered LED wavelengths UV 385 nm are available for all FluorCam types. For more detailed Red 690/8 information please refer to respective FluorCam chapters. IR 747/33 EMISSION FILTERS FluorCam is variable device regarding to the different types of measurement such as chlorophyll fluorescence, which is NDVI REFLECTANCE INDEX MEASUREMENT base of every FluorCam, detection of fluorescence proteins, multicolor fluorescence, NDVI reflectance measurement, LED panel type Filter Bandpass etc. For these options the charged modules with appropriate LED panels and filters must be purchased. Each Deep red 680 nm modul contains of 7 positions filter wheel with respective Glass – FAR red 735 nm filters for each type of measurement and one or two LED panels with right excitation wavelength.

FLUORESCENCE PROTEINS DETECTION

Excitation Emission LED panel type Fluorochrome Bandpass wavelength wavelength

UV 365 nm DAPI 358 nm 461 nm 469/35 DAPI 358 nm 461 nm 469/35 UV 385 nm EBFP 383 nm 445 nm 469/35 500/10 CFP 434 nm 477 nm 517/20 Royal Blue 450 nm EGFP 489 nm 508 nm 517/20 YFP 514 nm 527 nm 517/20 ChlF 400–660 nm 650–800 nm 695–770 EGFP 489 nm 508 nm 517/20 Blue 470 nm YFP 514 nm 525 nm 517/20 ChlF 400–660 nm 650–800 nm 695–770 YFP 514 nm 525 nm 593/46 Green 530 nm DsRed 558 nm 583 nm 593/46 Orange-red 620 nm ChlF 400–660 nm 650–800 nm 695–770 White ChlF 400–660 nm 650–800 nm 695–770

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CCD CAMERAS: The core of all the FluorCams are CCD cameras fully synchronized with LED panels. Three CCD cameras are available:

–– High sensitivity CCD camera TOMI-1

–– High resolution CCD camera TOMI-2

–– High speed CMOS camera TOMI-3

TOMI-1 TOMI-2 TOMI-3

High sensitivity CCD camera, which High resolution CCD camera, which is Intended for high speed fluorescence is advantageous for imaging of rapid intended for combined measurement of imaging, fast fluorescence kinetics, OJIP processes. ChlF and detection of weak steady-state protocol and other applications where fluorescence signals (such as GFP) with high speed imaging is beneficial • Resolution: 720 × 560 pixels long integration times or applications • A/D converter resolution: 12 bit • High-speed camera where the higher spatial resolution is of • Pixel size: 8.6 µm × 8.3 µm • Global shutter CMOS, 1.3 M pixel highest importance (microscopy). • 50 frames per second sensor • Operating temperature: 0–50 °C • Resolution: 1,360 × 1,024 pixels • A/D converter resolution: • Operating humidity: 0–95 % • Binning option 2 × 2: 680 × 512 pixels 12 bit (4,096 grey levels) • Interface connector: Gigabit Ethernet • A/D converter resolution: 16 bit • Pixel size: 6.6 µm × 6.6 µm • Operating modes: video (ChlF (65,536 grey levels) • Frame rate: kinetics measurement), snapshot (long • Pixel size: 6.45 µm × 6.45 µm ·· 1,280 × 1,024 pixels; 1,000 images per integration time for FPs detection) • 20 frames per second for both second • CCD Detector Wavelength Range: resolution options ·· 640 × 512 pixels; 4,000 images per 400–1,000 nm • Operating temperature: 0–50 °C second • Spectral Response: QE max at 540 nm • Operating humidity: 0–95 % ·· 640 × 256 pixels; 8,000 images per (~ 75 %), 50 % roll-off at 400 nm and • Interface connector: Gigabit Ethernet second 700 nm • Operating modes: video (ChlF ·· 640 × 128 pixels; 16,000 images per • Read-Out Noise: Less than 8 electrons kinetics measurement), snapshot (long second RMS – typically only 6 electrons integration time for FPs detection) ·· Faster frame rates with smaller • Full-Well Capacity: Greater than • CCD Detector Wavelength Range: resolution 70,000 electrons (unbinned) 400–1,000 nm • Binning option: 2×2 – 640 × 512 pixels, • Spectral Response: QE max at 540 nm 4,000 images per second (~ 72 %), 50 % roll-off at 350 nm and • Operating Temperature: 0 to +50 °C 800 nm • Operating Humidity: 0–90% (non- • Read-Out Noise: Less than 8 electrons condensing) RMS - typically only 6 electrons • Interface connector: Gigabit Ethernet • Full-Well Capacity: Greater than • CMOS detector: 400–1,000 nm 22,000 electrons (unbinned) • Spectral Response: QE max 50% at 550 nm • Read-Out Noise: Less than 25 electrons RMS • Full-Well Capacity: Greater than 17,000 electrons (unbinned)

36 37 02 / FluorCams

Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H

Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H amplitude of actinic irradiance are ^^APPLICATIONS is a lightweight, portable device determined by user-defined protocols. designed for time resolved chlorophyll The Handy FluorCam is delivered with • Screening for photosynthetic fluorescence imaging of leaves, small a laptop computer preinstalled with performance and metabolic plants, leaf segments, mosses, lichens, a comprehensive software package perturbations seeds, roots, tissues on plates or algal comprising full system control, • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress colonies both in a field and laboratory. Wizard with the most frequently used • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to The typical size of an investigated object experimental protocols, data acquisition various stress factors is up to 41.5 × 31.5 mm. and image processing. For an • Plant-microbe interactions experienced professional, the software • Agriculture and horticulture Handy FluorCam is a compact offers a sophisticated programming • Yield improvement instrument consisting of a CCD camera language that can be used for designing and four fixed LED panels, one pair novel timing and measuring sequences. supplying the measuring pulses and the second pair providing actinic illumination and saturating flash. Handling of larger leaves (e.g., tobacco) is simplified if an additional leaf clip with gentle lock/release mechanism is mounted. The Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H is an easily portable system, it can be powered from the power supply or it can run on batteries provided in a convenient bag carried on the shoulder.

Handy FluorCam FC 1000-H generates images of fluorescence signal at any moment of the experiment and presents them using a false color scale. Full kinetic analysis is available. In all applications, the camera allows imaging of fluorescence transients that are induced by actinic light or by saturating flashes. The timing and

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^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • Fluorescence Parameters:

·· Measured parameters: F0, FM, FV,

F’0, F’M, F’V, FT ·· More than 50 calculated

parameters: FV/FM, F’V/F’M, PhiPSII,

NPQ, qN, qP, Rfd and many others • Excitation Light Sources: ·· Measuring pulses: red-orange (620 nm); ·· Actinic/saturating light: white (standard), red-orange (620 nm) or blue (455 nm) • Saturating Pulse Illumination: White: Up to 3,900 µmol.m-2.s-1 Blue: Up to 4,900 µmol.m-2.s-1 Red-orange: Up to 3,800 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Actinic Illumination: White: 1,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 Blue: Up to 1,400 µmol.m-2.s-1 ^^KEY FEATURES ^^HANDY FLUORCAM Red-orange: Up to 800 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Light Regime: • Both lab and field applications FC 1000-H MEASURES Static or sine waveform (hub • Portable system • F /F V M connected) (151 × 151 × 263 mm, 280 mm height • Kautsky induction • Custom-Defined Protocols: with leaf clip) • Quenching analysis Variable timing, special language • AC & battery powered • Light Curve and scripts • Supplied with a laptop computer • Handy FluorCam Weight: and software 1.8 kg • High-sensitivity or high-resolution • Leaf clip Weight: CCD camera ^^SOFTWARE 0.2 kg • Power Supply Weight: • Fully automated control of the whole 2.5 kg FluorCam system • FluorCam Stand Weight: • Image acquisition via automated 1.5 kg experimental protocols: • Notebook Weight ·· numerous predefined protocols (incl. all accessories): ·· possibility to create user defined 3.5 kg protocols via a program Wizard • Power Input: ·· multiple (automatically repeated) Max. 200 W experiments • Electrical: ·· barcode reader support 90 – 260 V • Image processing tools: • Dimensions (W × D × H): ·· automatic or manual image 151 × 151 × 263 mm, 280 mm height segmentation – e.g., labeling of with leaf clip individual plants • Cameras: ·· analysis of kinetic data from all High-sensitivity TOMI-1 samples within the field of view or high-resolution TOMI-2 ·· numerous image manipulation tools ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw data formats • Windows 7, or higher compatible

39 02 / FluorCams

Handy GFPCam FC 1000-H/GFP

Handy GFPCam FC 1000-H/GFP Handy GFPCam generates images of ^^APPLICATIONS is a modified version of the popular fluorescence signal at any moment Handy FluorCam. Its unique of the experiment and presents them • Screening for GFP-containing GMOs construction allows both time resolved using a false color scale. Full kinetic • Transgene expression and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis is available. In all applications, localization on whole-plant level and GFP imaging. Handy GFPCam is the camera allows imaging of • Screening for photosynthetic a lightweight, portable system designed fluorescence transients that are induced performance for imaging of leaves, small plants, leaf by actinic light or by saturating flashes. • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress segments, mosses, lichens, seeds, The timing and amplitude of actinic • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to roots, tissues on plates or algal colonies irradiance are determined by user-­ various stress factors both in a field and laboratory. The -defined protocols. The Handy GFPCam • Plant-microbe interactions typical size of an investigated object is is delivered with a laptop computer up to 35 × 46 mm. The Handy GFPCam preinstalled with a comprehensive is an easily portable system, it can be software package comprising full powered from the power supply or it can system control, Wizard with the most ^^KEY FEATURES run on batteries provided in a convenient frequently used experimental protocols, • Combined imaging of GFP and bag carried on the shoulder. data acquisition and image processing. chlorophyll fluorescence For an experienced professional, Handy GFPCam is typically produced • Both lab and field applications the software offers a sophisticated with red-orange flashing LED panels • Portable system programming language that can be (620 nm) and blue actinic/saturating 151 × 151 × 263 mm, 280 mm height used for designing novel timing and pulse LED panels (455 nm). Optionally, with leaf clip measuring sequences. the system can be equipped with four • AC & battery powered additional infrared LEDs. Handling of • Supplied with a laptop computer larger leaves (e.g., tobacco) is simplified and software if an additional leaf clip with gentle • High-sensitivity or high-resolution lock/release mechanism is mounted. CCD camera • Imaged area: 350 × 460 mm

40 02 / FluorCams

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • Fluorescence Parameters:

·· Measured parameters: F0, FM, FV,

F’0, F’M, F’V, FT ·· More than 50 calculated

parameters: FV/FM, F’V/F’M, PhiPSII, NPQ, qN, qP, Rfd and many others • Excitation Light Sources: ·· Measuring pulses: orange (620 nm), blue (455 nm) ·· Actinic/saturating light: blue (455 nm), white • Saturating Pulse Illumination: Blue: Up to 6,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Actinic Illumination Blue: 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Light Regime: Static or sine waveform (hub connected) • Handy FluorCam Weight: 1.8 kg • Leaf Clip Weight: 0.2 kg • Power Supply Weight: 2.5 kg • FluorCam Stand Weight: 1.5 kg ^^HANDY GFPCAM ^^SOFTWARE • Notebook Weight (incl. all accessories): 3.5 kg MEASURES • Fully automated control of the whole • Power Input: Max. 200 W • Steady-state GFP fluorescence FluorCam system • Electrical: 90 – 260 V • F /F • Image acquisition via automated V M • Dimensions (W × D × H): • Kautsky induction experimental protocols: 151 × 151 × 263 mm, 280 mm height • Quenching analysis ·· numerous predefined protocols with leaf clip • Light Curve ·· possibility to create user defined • Cameras: High-sensitivity TOMI-1 protocols via a program Wizard or high-resolution TOMI-2 ·· multiple (automatically repeated) experiments ·· barcode reader support • Image processing tools: ·· automatic or manual image segmentation – e.g., labeling of individual plants ·· analysis of kinetic data from all samples within the field of view ·· numerous image manipulation tools ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw data formats • Windows 7, or higher compatible

41 02 / FluorCams

Closed FluorCam FC 800-C

Closed FluorCam FC 800-C represents and presents them using a false color ^^KEY FEATURES a highly innovative, robust and user- scale. Full kinetic analysis is available. friendly world-wide used system for In all applications, the camera allows • Dark room for adaptation combined multispectral and kinetic imaging of fluorescence transients • Four super bright LED panels fluorescence imaging. It consists of that are induced by actinic light or available in numerous wavelengths a CCD camera, four to five fixed LED by saturating flashes. The timing and • Adjustable shelf system for different panels (4 + 1 additional, which is not amplitude of actinic irradiance are plant sizes included in the standard setup) and, determined by user-defined protocols. • Imaged area for camera optionally, of a filter wheel equipped with The Closed FluorCam FC 800-C also TOMI-1: 180 × 140 mm up to 7 different emission filters. The includes a high-performance PC and TOMI-2: 220 × 160 mm LED panels provide uniform irradiance comprehensive software package • Imaging masks for 384-well plate, over an area 9 × 9 cm – suitable for comprising full system control, data 96-well plate, Petri dish, etc. imaging of small plants (such as acquisition and image processing. • Supplied with a laptop computer Arabidopsis thaliana), detached leaves, For an experienced professional, and software mosses, lichens, plated algal colonies the software offers a sophisticated • Additional top stand mounted LED or algal suspensions, etc. The system programming language that can be panel (optional) is very compact and allows easy dark used for designing novel timing and adaptation of an investigated sample. measuring sequences. ^^CLOSED FLUORCAM The Closed FluorCam FC 800-C MEASURES generates images of fluorescence ^^APPLICATIONS • FV/FM signal at any moment of the experiment • Kautsky induction • Screening for photosynthetic • Quenching analysis performance and metabolic • Light Curve perturbations • Multicolor fluorescence, e.g., • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress UV induced plant blue-green • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to fluorescence (F440, F520) and various stress factors chlorophyll fluorescence (F680, • Plant molecular biology, screening F740); filter wheel required for mutants • Q ­-reoxidation (it needs optional • Plant-microbe interactions A electronic module) • Agriculture and horticulture • Fast fluorescence induction (OJIP) • Growth and development with 1 µs resolution (it needs optional electronic module) • PAR absorptivity (it needs optional accessories: filter wheel and 42 additional far­-red LED panel) 02 / FluorCams

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • Fluorescence Parameters:

·· Measured parameters: F0, FM, FV,

F’0, F’M, F’V, FT ·· More than 50 calculated

parameters: FV/FM, F’V/F’M,

PhiPSII , NPQ, qN, qP, Rfd, PAR- absorptivity coefficient, and many others • Light Sources: 455 nm, 470 nm, 505 nm, 570 nm, 605 nm, 618 nm, 630 nm, 735 nm, white and others • Super Pulse Illumination: ·· 4,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in standard version) ·· 6,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in light-upgraded version) • Actinic Illumination: ·· Up to 2,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in standard version); ·· Up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in light-upgraded version) ^^SOFTWARE • Filter Wheel: 7 positions • Light Regime: Static or harmonically • Fully automated control of the whole • Image processing tools: modulated (sine waveform) FluorCam system ·· automatic or manual image • Custom-Defined Protocols: • Image acquisition via automated segmentation – e.g., labeling of Variable timing, special language experimental protocols: individual plants and scripts ·· numerous predefined protocols ·· analysis of kinetic data from all • Dimensions (W × D × H): ·· possibility to create user defined samples within the field of view 472 × 479 × 513 mm protocols via a program Wizard ·· numerous image manipulation tools • Weight: Approx. 40 kg ·· multiple (automatically repeated) ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw • Power Input: Approx. 1,100 W experiments data formats • Electrical: 90 – 240 V ·· barcode reader support • Windows 7, or higher compatible • Cameras: High-sensitivity TOMI-1 or high-resolution TOMI-2 or high- speed TOMI-3

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Closed GFPCam FC 800-C/1010GFP

Closed GFPCam FC 800-C/1010GFP is easy dark adaptation of an investigated ^^APPLICATIONS a GFP version of the Closed FluorCam sample. and represents a highly innovative, • GFP detection and expression The Closed GFPCam FluorCam robust and user-friendly world-wide studies generates images of fluorescence signal used system for combined multispectral • Multicolor fluorescence at any moment of the experiment and and kinetic fluorescence imaging. The • Screening for photosynthetic presents them using a false color scale. basic system of the Closed FluorCam performance and metabolic Full kinetic analysis is available. In all (CCD camera, four fixed LED panels) perturbations applications, the camera allows imaging is supplemented by a fully motorized • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress of fluorescence transients that are and software-controlled filter wheel and • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to induced by actinic light or by saturating appropriate filter sets for the detection various stress factors flashes. The timing and amplitude of and imaging of green fluorescent protein • Plant molecular biology, screening actinic irradiance are determined by (GFP), red-shifted GFP (EGFP), or other for mutants user-defined protocols. The device variants of fluorescent proteins. The • Plant-microbe interactions configuration also provides user-friendly blue emitting and red fluorescent protein and quick switching between the GFP can be detected and imaged in absence and chlorophyll fluorescence detection. of chlorophyll. It consists of a CCD camera, four to five fixed LED panels The Closed GFPCam FluorCam (4 + 1 additional, which is not included in includes a high-performance PC and the standard setup) and of a filter wheel comprehensive software package equipped with up to 7 different emission comprising full system control, data filters. The LED panels provide uniform acquisition and image processing. irradiance over an area 90 × 90 mm – For an experienced professional, suitable for imaging of small plants the software offers a sophisticated (such as Arabidopsis thaliana), detached programming language that can be leaves, mosses, lichens, plated algal used for designing novel timing and colonies or algal suspensions, etc. The measuring sequences. system is very compact and allows

44 02 / FluorCams

^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE

• Combines imaging of GFP and • Fully automated control of the whole • Image processing tools chlorophyll fluorescence. FluorCam system ·· automatic or manual image • Dark room for adaptation • Image acquisition via automated segmentation – e.g., labeling of • Four super bright LED panels experimental protocols: individual plants available in numerous wavelengths ·· numerous predefined protocols ·· analysis of kinetic data from all • Adjustable shelf system for different ·· possibility to create user defined samples within the field of view plant sizes protocols via a program Wizard ·· numerous image manipulation tools • Imaged area for camera ·· multiple (automatically repeated) ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw TOMI-1: 180 × 140 mm experiments data formats TOMI-2: 220 × 160 mm ·· barcode reader support • Windows 7, or higher compatible • High-resolution, high sensitivity or high-speed CCD camera • Supplied with a laptop computer and software • Additional top stand mounted LED panel (optional)

^^CLOSED GFPCAM MEASURES

• FV/FM • Kautsky induction • Quenching analysis • Light Curve • Steady state fluorescence, e.g., ChlF, GFP and other FPs • Multicolor fluorescence, e.g., UV ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION induced plant blue-green and • Fluorescence Parameters: • Filter Wheel: chlorophyll fluorescence (F440, ·· Measured parameters: F , F , F , F’ , 7 positions F520, F680, F740) 0 M V 0 F’ , F’ , F • Light Regime: • Q ­-reoxidation (it needs optional M V T A ·· More than 50 calculated parameters: Static or harmonically modulated (sine electronic module) F /F , F’ /F’ , Phi , NPQ, qN, qP, waveform) • Fast fluorescence induction (OJIP) V M V M PSII Rfd, PAR­-absorptivity coefficient, • Custom-Defined Protocols: with 1 µs resolution (it needs and many others Variable timing, special language and optional electronic module) • Light Sources: scripts • PAR absorptivity (it needs additional 455 nm, 470 nm, 505 nm, 570 nm, • Dimensions (W × D × H): far­-red LED panel) 605 nm, 618 nm, 630 nm, 735 nm, 472 × 479 × 513 mm white and others • Weight: • Super Pulse Illumination: Approx. 40 kg ·· 4,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in standard • Power Input: version); Approx. 1,100 W ·· 6,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in light­-upgraded • Electrical: version) 90 – 240 V • Actinic Illumination: • Cameras: High-sensitivity TOMI-1, ·· Up to 2,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 high-resolution TOMI-2 or high-speed (in standard version) TOMI-3 ·· Up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in light­-upgraded version)

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Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 and FC 800-O/2020

Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 and The Open FluorCam FC 800-O/1010 ^^APPLICATIONS FC 800-O/2020 are a highly modular generates images of fluorescence instruments with flexible geometry signal at any moment of the experiment • Screening for photosynthetic enabling work with samples of various and presents them using a false color performance and metabolic sizes (from microtiter plates to small scale. Full kinetic analysis is available. perturbations trees). Open FluorCam FC 800-O In all applications, the camera allows • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress represents a highly innovative, robust imaging of fluorescence transients • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to and user-friendly world-wide used that are induced by actinic light or various stress factors system for combined multispectral and by saturating flashes. The timing and • Yield improvement kinetic fluorescence imaging. It consists amplitude of actinic irradiance are • Growth and development of a CCD camera, four to five fixed LED determined by user-defined protocols. • Agriculture and horticulture panels (4 + 1 additional, which is not The Open FluorCam FC 800-O also included in the standard setup) and, includes a high-performance PC and optionally, of a filter wheel equipped comprehensive software package with up to 7 different emission filters. comprising full system control, data ^^KEY FEATURES The four LED panels can be arranged acquisition and image processing. • Four super bright LED panels at various angles and distances from For an experienced professional, available in specific wavelengths the sample. The position of the camera the software offers a sophisticated • Adjustable system for different plant may also be adjusted with respect to the programming language that can be sizes sample height. used for designing novel timing and • Imaged area for camera measuring sequences. The dimensions of the LED panels can TOMI-1: 180 × 140 mm be 130 × 130 mm or 200 × 200 mm, TOMI-2: 220 × 160 mm which is suitable for imaging of small • Supplied with a laptop computer plants (such as Arabidopsis thaliana) and software up to middle size plants or small tress, • High-resolution or high-sensitivity detached leaves, fruits, vegetables, etc. CCD camera The system allows easy dark adaptation • Dark room for adaptation (optional) of an investigated sample if dark box (it • Additional top stand mounted LED is not part of the standard set-up). panel (optional) • Additional exchangeable LED panels (optional)

46 02 / FluorCams

^^OPEN FLUORCAM ^^SOFTWARE ^^TECHNICAL

MEASURES • Fully automated control of the whole SPECIFICATION

• FV/FM FluorCam system • Fluorescence Parameters:

• Kautsky induction • Image acquisition via automated ·· Measured parameters: F0, FM, FV,

• Quenching analysis experimental protocols: F’0, F’M, F’V, FT • Light Curve ·· numerous predefined protocols ·· More than 50 calculated

• Steady state fluorescence, e.g., ·· possibility to create user defined parameters: FV/FM, F’V/F’M,

ChlF, GFP and other FPs (filter wheel protocols via a program Wizard PhiPSII , NPQ, qN, qP, Rfd, PAR-­ required) ·· multiple (automatically repeated) -absorptivity coefficient, and many • Multicolor fluorescence, e.g., UV experiments others induced plant blue-green and ·· barcode reader support • Light Sources: 455 nm, 470 nm, chlorophyll fluorescence (F440, • Image processing tools: 505 nm, 570 nm, 605 nm, 618 nm, F520, F680, F740); filter wheel ·· automatic or manual image 630 nm, 735 nm, white and others required segmentation – e.g., labeling of • Super Pulse Illumination: • PAR absorptivity (it needs optional individual plants ·· 4,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 accessories: filter wheel and ·· analysis of kinetic data from all (in standard version) additional far­-red LED panel) samples within the field of view ·· 6,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 ·· numerous image manipulation (in light­-upgraded version) tools • Actinic Illumination: Up to ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw 2,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in standard data formats version); Up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (in • Windows 7, or higher compatible light­-upgraded version) • Filter Wheel: 7 positions • Light Regime: Static or dynamic (sine waveform) • Custom-Defined Protocols: Variable timing, special language and scripts • Dimensions (W × D × H): 737 × 737 × 435 mm • Weight: Approx. 40 kg • Power Input: Approx. 1,100 W • Electrical: 90 – 240 V • Cameras: High-sensitivity TOMI-1 or high-resolution TOMI-2

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Customized FluorCams

Customized FluorCams are complex ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES multispectral imaging systems that are manufactured according to customers • Photosynthetic performance • Both lab and field applications very specific needs. They attain all • Abiotic and biotic stress responses • Flexibility in measurement setups capabilities and features of the standard • Plant growth performance and plant • Custom-made solutions FluorCams. In addition other imaging development • High-sensitivity camera TOMI-1 and scoring units such as RGB camera • Pathogen interactions • High-resolution camera TOMI-2 for true color analysis or thermal imaging • Trait assessment • Super Pulse illumination: for leaf surface temperature monitoring • Genetic variation White: up to 6,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 can be incorporated into the system. • Agriculture and horticulture • Actinic illumination: The specific construction of the systems Red-orange (620 nm): up to makes them modular to fit the customer 500 µmol.m-2.s-1 needs. The systems are designed to White (6,500 K): up to enable using them over large areas of ^^CUSTOMIZED 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 the sample interest from single plant FLUORCAMS • Additional illumination: level up to field application and imaging MEASURE ·· UV (400 nm) for GFP detection of plant populations. Robust and stable (optional).

construction of the Large Customized • FV/FM ·· Deep-red (660 nm) and FAR Imaging Systems is designed to • Kautsky induction (740 nm) for PAR Absorptivity and suite all types of conditions from field • Quenching analysis NDVI measurement (optional) environment, to greenhouse or lab • Light Curve ·· Variable imaged area application. • Fluorescent proteins: GFP, YFP, • Supplied with full system control redFP (filter wheel required) software Measured objects can be as small as • PAR module optionally in some of • Supplied with full image processing freshly germinated Arabidopsis plants the versions (FC 800D/3535) tools or as large as small canopies in the customized large FluorCams. Large customized FluorCam Systems can incorporated into cultivation chamber and serve both as cultivation light source and as monitoring unit in FS- SI-FL FytoScope with fluorescence imaging.

48 02 / FluorCams

EXAMPLES OF Arch FC 900-A FluorCam FC800D/3535-15 CUSTOMIZED is a customized fluorescence imaging and FC 800-D/3535-15-GFP FLUORCAMS system for three dimensional studies. is standalone customized fluorescence The stand and the frame are exceedingly imaging system for quick indoor screening –– FS-SI-FL FytoScope with steady, yet the whole structure provides of plant up to 1 m of height. The light fluorescence imaging unit very flexible viewing angles. Large plants panel with CCD camera is mounted can be analyzed from various positions in the supporting construction, where –– Rover FC 900-R without the need to move them. Three the height of the light panel can be –– Arch FC 900-A dimensional image data are collected easily changed according to the plant and the software can generate 3D height. The area of 350 × 350 mm is –– FluorCam FC 800D/3535-15, images of Chl­-fluorescence emission. imaged and the height can be adjusted FluorCam FC 800D/3535-15-GFP from 350 to 1,350 mm. Version FC –– FluorCam FC 800D/3535 in light- 800-D/3535-15-GFP is intended for isolated gas proof chamber imaging of both chlorophyll fluorescence and green fluorescence protein (GFP). Optionally the PAR absorptivity module for DEVICE NDVI measurement can be added to both version of the system. SPECIFICATION FS-SI-FL FytoScope with fluorescence imaging unit is a customized fluorescence imaging system that has been implemented into the step-in FytoScope type of plant growth chamber. Step-in FytoScope enables the researcher to maintain controlled growth conditions for Rover FC 900-R temperature and humidity according to the pre-defined protocol. Inside the is a customized fluorescence imaging FytoScope chamber is a frame with system for large-scale scanning in the large custom FluorCam unit installed field. It has a remarkably stable structure, which is used as light source providing yet its large and solid wheels allow easy FluorCam FC 800D/3535-15 excellent spectral quality with high movement in the field. Large plants in light-isolated gas proof irradiance for plant growth. In parallel (e.g., corn, soy plant) can be studied chamber the light panel is used as modulated, in-situ without detaching or destroying actinic and saturating light source them. The camera and light panels is a customized chlorophyll for kinetic fluorescence imaging. For can be enclosed in a cabinet for more fluorescence imaging system, where user convenience both actual inside convenient control of dark adaptation the light panel with CCD camera is conditions and target values for and actinic light. The system scans mounted in the light-isolated gas temperature and relative humidity are area of 200 × 200 mm and its height can proof chamber. The chamber allows permanently displayed on the touch be adjusted from 200 to 1,500 mm. If to provide dark adaptation prior the screen controller situated on the front required, an additional camera can be chlorophyll fluorescene measurement side of the FytoScope. used for true-color analysis. with scanning area of 350 × 350 mm.

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Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope FC 2000-Z

Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope In the standard configuration, the The ultrafast kinetic measurements FC 2000-Z (FKM) is designed to be wavelength selection in Fluorescence are performed by a microscope- the most versatile tool for lab-based Kinetic Microscope is the same as in adapted version of the Double research. Fluorescence Kinetic other research-grade fluorescence Modulation Fluorometer FL 3500, Microscope (FKM) extends the microscopes by the use of a white which again can be synchronized to complete capacity of kinetic chlorophyll excitation light source combined with the measuring camera. In this way, the or multicolor fluorescence imaging to a set of excitation filters, dichroic spectrally resolved or ultrafast kinetic the realm of individual cells and sub- mirrors, and emitter filters. As an spot measurements can be done cellular structures. All conventional additional option, a light source with simultaneously on the same object fluorescence parameters can be tunable spectra for both measuring and controlled by the same measuring mapped with micrometer resolution and actinic / saturating light is available. protocol as the imaging kinetic record. so that individual chloroplasts or even It increases the range of measurable All parts and functions can be controlled grana-stroma thylakoid segments chromophores and improves by the FluorCam software depending on can be investigated. Modular set-up signal/noise ratio. The system is individual configuration. of the FKM is designed for kinetic designed to allow automatic switching fluorescence measurements with between different excitation wavelengths various user-selectable excitation and even during same measurement. In ^^APPLICATIONS emission wavelengths as well as the contrast to conventional fluorescence • Pulse-amplitude modulated combination of imaging measurements microscopes, the ultrahigh sensitivity of measurement of in vivo chlorophyll with spectrally resolved or ultra fast (µs) the measuring camera combined with fluorescence kinetics and its imaging spot measurements of fluorescence and modulated light measurement makes it • Multicolor imaging on cellular and absorbance kinetics. possible to perform imaging at extremely sub-cellular level low light levels that do not disturb the The Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope • Multispectral kinetic fluorescence metabolism of the cell. (FKM) allows imaging measurements imaging of two-dimensional resolved multicolor The Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope • Analysis of mechanisms involved fluorescence transients induced by can be combined with spectrally in changes of photosynthetic complex irradiance protocols. The resolved measurements which are performance fluorescence emission is induced by an done via the Spectrometer SM 9000 • Analysis of any non-chlorophyll appropriate LED light source. synchronized to the measuring camera. fluorescence kinetics

50 02 / FluorCams

^^VERSIONS Microscope Body Options Axio Scope A1 3 LEDs Light Axio Imager Z2 • Microscope stand “Axio Scope.A1” • FluorCam microscopy version control • objective holder, 6-mounted HAL 100, HAL 100/HBO, 6 × HD DIC unit FCM3 • transmitted-light brightfield • Stage holder D/A, vertically adjustable • Epi – illumination light source (LED • motorized focusing drive for z-axis • Reflector turret 6× man., changeable, colors: Flash – white, continual light – witn 10 nm step for P&C modules white, UV) • possibility of large and heavy samples • Mechanical stage 75 × 50 R ergon. • Trans-illumination light source (white up to 9 kg drive, fixed position and infra LED) • Power supply for Microscope Control Axio Imager M2 Light Module Options Unit • Objective holder, 7-mounted, encoded 10 LEDs Light • Optional Fluorometer connection • Transmitted light shutter • FluorCam microscopy version control • Optics for fluorescence unit for 5× flash light 5× continual light Camera Options • Mechanical stage 75 × 50 R basic, trans-illumination light • High-sensitivity camera TOMI-1 “Axio Imager”, hardcoat anodized • Epi – illumination light source (LED • High-resolution camera TOMI-2 surface colors: UV, blue, green, white, red) • High-speed camera TOMI-3 • The Microscope body allows motorized • Optional OJIP and STF function stage movement in the Z axis (up and • Trans-illumination light source (white Optional Features down). and infra LED) • Spectrometer • The system includes two adapters • Power supply for Microscope Control (each for one camera). Unit

^^KEY FEATURES ^^FLUORESCENCE ^^SOFTWARE

• 10 µs to 20 ms exposure time per KINETIC MICROSCOPE • Fully automated control of the whole frame MEASURES FluorCam system • High-resolution CCD camera • Image acquisition via automated • F /F • 70 % peak quantum yield with about V M experimental protocols: • Kautsky induction 4 electrons readout noise. ·· numerous predefined protocols • Quenching analysis • Motorized 6-position filter (Axio ·· possibility to create user defined • Light Curve Imager.M2 only) protocols via a program Wizard • Steady state fluorescence, e.g., GFP • 5 color excitation module generating ·· multiple (automatically repeated) and other FPs, UV induced plant measuring and actinic light experiments blue-green fluorescence, various • Multiple fluorophore imaging • Image processing tools: fluorescent dyes • Light source with tunable excitation ·· automatic or manual image • Q ­-reoxidation (it needs optional light spectra A segmentation – e.g., labeling of electronic module) • Automated software-based system individual plants • Fast fluorescence induction (OJIP) operation ·· analysis of kinetic data from all with 1 µs resolution (it needs • Spectrally resolved or ultra fast (µs) samples within the field of view optional electronic module) spot measurements of fluorescence ·· numerous image manipulation • Spectrally resolved absorbance and absorbance kinetics (optional) tools kinetic (it needs optional ·· export to text file, avi, bmp or raw Spectrometer SM 9000) data formats • Windows 7, or higher compatible

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Fluorescence Parameters: • Light Sources: 455 nm, 470 nm, • Electrical: 90 – 240 V ·· Measured parameters: 505 nm, 570 nm, 605 nm, 618 nm, • Cameras: high-sensitivity TOMI-1,

F0, FM, FV, F’0, F’M, F’V, FT; 630 nm, 735 nm, white and others high-resolution TOMI-2 or high-speed ·· More than 50 calculated • Filter Wheel: 6 positions TOMI-3

parameters: FV/FM, F’V/F’M, PhiPSII , • Light Regime: Static or harmonically NPQ, qN, qP, Rfd, PAR-absorptivity modulated (sine waveform) coefficient, and many others • Custom-Defined Protocols:Variable timing, special language and scripts

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^^REFERENCES

Closed Fluorcams • Cline S. G., Laughbaum I. A., Hamel P. P. (2017). Front. Plant • Christa G., Cruz S., Jahns P., et al. (2017). New Phytol. 214. Sci. 8. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01306 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14435 • Chojak-Koźniewska J, Kuźniak E., Linkiewicz A., et al. • Je S. M., Woo S. Y., Lee S. H. et al. (2017). Ecol Res. DOI: (2017). Plant Physiol. Biochem. 123. DOI: 10.1016/j. 10.1007/s11284-017-1495-7 plaphy.2017.12.015. • Sello S., Moscatiello R., La Rocca N., et al. (2017). Front. Plant • Marečková M. and Barták M. (2016): Czech Polar Reports. 6. Sci. 8. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01444 DOI: 10.5817/CPR2016-1-6 • Berteotti S., Ballottari M. and Bassi R. (2016): Sci. Rep. 6. DOI: • Piršelová B., Boleček P. and Galusová T. (2016): Plant Physiol. 10.1038/srep21339 63. DOI: 10.1134/S1021443716040129 • Eilers U., Dietzel L., Breitenbach J.,et al., (2016): J. Plant • Zwack P. J., De Clercq I., Howton T. C., et al. (2016): Plant Physiol. 192. DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.01.006 Physiol. 172. DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00415 • Goto S., Kawaguchi Y., Sugita Ch., et al. (2016): The Plant Handy - Leaf Chamber FC 1000-LC Journal. 86. DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13184 • Krausko M., Perutka, Z., Šebela, M., et al. (2017). New Phytol. • Kim J. A., Jung H., Hong J. K., et al. (2016): Plant Cell Reports. 213. DOI: 10.1111/nph.14352 35. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2008-9 • Hanson D. T., Green L. E. and Pockman W. T. (2013): Front. • Perin G., Cimetta E., Monetti F., et al. (2016): Algal Res. 19. Plant Sci. 4. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00365 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.07.015 • Sello S., Perotto J., Carraretto L., et al. (2016): J. Exp. Bot. 67. Fluorescence Kinetic Microscope DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw038 • Higo S, Thaw M. S. T., Yamatogi T.,et al (2017). Har. al. 61. • Shapiguzov A., Chai X., Fucile G., et al. (2016): Plant Physiol. DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2016.11.013. 171. DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01893 • Ferimazova N., Felcmanova K., Šetlikova E., et al. (2013): • Zheng Ch., Wang Y., Ding Z., et al. (2016): Front. Plant Sci. 7. Photosynth. Res. 116. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01858

Open Fluorcams • Pineda M , Pérez-Bueno M. L., Paredes V., et al. (2017). Func. Plant Biol. 44. DOI: 10.1071/FP16164 • Vítek P., Novotná K., Hodaňová P., (2017). Spectrochimica Acta Part. 170. DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.07.025. • Shukla M. R., Singh A. S., Piunno K., et al. (2017). Plant Methods. 13. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0156-8 • Oliveira, V., Gomes, N.C.M., Santos, M. et al. (2017). Curr Microbiol. 74. DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1197-y • Frankenbach, S. and Serôdio, J. (2017), Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods, 15. DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10180 • Castaings L., Caquot A., Loubet S., et al. (2016): Sci. Rep. 6. DOI: 10.1038/srep37222 • Mishra K. B, Mishra A., Novotná K., et al. (2016): Plant Methods. 12. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-016-0145-3 • Montero R., Pérez-Bueno M. L., Barón M., et al. (2016): Physiol. Plant. 157. DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12440 • Nowicka B., Pluciński B., Kuczyńska P., et al. (2016): Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 130. DOI: 10.1016/j. ecoenv.2016.04.010. • Pérez-Bueno M. L., Pineda M., Cabeza F. M., et al. (2016): Front. Plant Sci. 7. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01790 • Qi Y., Lui X., Liang S., et al. (2016): J. Biol. Chem. 291. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.681601 • Qi Y., Zhao J., An R.,et al. (2016): Photosynth. Res. 127. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0195-9

Handy Fluorcams • Trnková, K. and Barták, M. (2017). Phycological Res., 65. DOI: 10.1111/pre.12157 • Šebela D., Quiñones Ch., Cruz C. V, et al. (2017). Plant and Cell Physiology. DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx144

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Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000 ...... 54

Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000 is a cost­-effective small scale cultivation device developed for cultivation of multiple samples of algae, bacteria or cyanobacteria. Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000 consists of 8 cultivation vessels, where up to 85 ml of suspension can be maintained under controlled light, temperature and aeration conditions. Illumination can be regulated for each vessel independently.

Photobioreactor FMT 150 ...... 56

Photobioreactors FMT 150/400, FMT 150/1000 and FMT 150/3000 feature a unique combination of the cultivator and computer controlled monitoring device. FMT 150/400, FMT 150/1000 and FMT 150/3000 differ in the capacity of their cultivation vessels – 400 ml, 1,000 ml and 3,000 ml respectively. All Photobioreactor models may be supplied with a number of useful accessories – sensors, stirrers, pumps, etc.

Large­-Scale Photobioreactors ...... 58

Large­-volume bioreactors are manufactured with respect to customer‘s specific needs and they come with a number of useful accessories. Two basic versions feature: – 25­-liter cultivation tank – 100­-liter cultivation tank

Cultivation tanks may be built as modular systems containing number of optional modules and may be cascaded to increase the total volume up to 1,000 l.

PBR Control Software ...... 60

New control software is intended for the product line comprising Multi-­ -Cultivators, small­- and large­-scale Photobioreactors. The software provides intuitive and dynamic interface for real­-time visualization of recorded data and also online remote access via internet. Number of advanced custom cultivation protocols can easily be set through the user­-friendly adjustment of individual parameters.

REFERENCES ...... 62

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Multi-Cultivator­ MC-1000­

Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000­-OD is Turbidostatic version of Multi-­ ^^KEY FEATURES a cost-effective small scale cultivation -Cultivator MC­-1000­-OD allows to device developed for cultivation of control the biomass growth via OD680 • Highly precise multi-well cultivation multiple samples of algae, bacteria or or OD720 independently in each instrument for synchronous growth cyanobacteria. Multi­-Cultivator MC-­ vessel. The pre-set optical density of algae, bacteria or cyanobacteria -1000­-OD consists of 8 cultivation can be modified at a constant level • Flat, rectangular water reservoir vessels, where up to 85 ml of or in a different range automatically nesting eight independently suspension can be maintained under depending on the conditions during the illuminated slots for cultivation in controlled light, temperature and experiments. test vessels aeration conditions. The cultivation • Autoclavable round-shaped glass Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000­-OD-MULTI vessels are immersed in a temperature test tubes is a multi-color instrument version, in controlled water bath. All vessels • LED technology illumination which each cultivation slot is furnished can be bubbled with air or selected adjustable in intensity, timing and with illumination of different color. gas (optional) of different flow rate modulation Covered is the spectrum from 405 nm to through a manually adjustable valve • Illumination for each test tube is 730 nm. manifold. Each vessel is separately independently controllable illuminated by an array of cool white Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000­-OD-MIX is • Temperature and light control via LEDs (optionally warm white, red, or a mixed-color instrument version which user defined protocols that support blue LEDs) that generate incident PPFD allows to combine up to 4 different LED also diurnal regime or flashing light up to 1,000 μmol.m-2.s-1 (optionally up colors within each cultivation slot for • Manually controlled aeration gas is to 2,500 µmol.m-2.s-1). The illumination definition of specific spectra. humidified and distributed into each is independently adjustable for each test-tube cultivation vessel in intensity, timing and ^^APPLICATION • Optical density reading modulation which allows to set unlimited • Different multicolor version of the number of user defined light protocols. • Synchronous multi­-well cultivations device (optional) The growth of cultivated organisms is • Laboratory applications requiring • Turbidostatic module (optional) automatically monitored by measuring multiple experimental variants of optical density at two wavelengths of • Different organisms testing and 680 nm and 720 nm. comparing • Testing in diverse cultivation ^^CONTROL SOFTWARE conditions • User defined protocol writing • Controlled cultivation and growth • Real time data visualization and dynamics monitoring of up to analyses in graphs 8 different organisms • Remote control of the experiment via internet 54 03 / Photobioreactors

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Number of Test Tube Slots: 8 • Test Tube Volume: 100 ml (maximum recommended working volume of each test tube is 85 ml) • Volume of Water Reservoir: 5 liters • Precision Controlled Temperature: from approximately 5 °C above ambient temperature up to 60 °C 15 °C – 60 °C (optional; with Cooling Unit AC‑625) • Heating System: One 150 W cartridge heater • LED Lighting: Light intensity adjustable in the full range up to 1,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 (optionally up to 2,500 µmol.m-2.s-1) • Standard single color version: cool white illumination. Optional: warm white, red, blue • Multi-color versions: Single-color slots (405, 450, 470, 540, warm white, 590, 660, 730 nm) • Light Path: 27 mm • Light Regime: Static or dynamic • Online Measured Parameters: Optical density, temperature • Optical Density Measurement: Real time measurement of OD by two LEDs (720 nm, 680 nm) per a culture vessel; time intervals of OD measurements may be specified • Optical Path for OD Measurement: 27 mm • Controlled Flow of Bubbled Air: Manual via manifold valves • Controlled Composition of Bubbled Air: Optional with purchase of Gas Mixing System GMS 150 • BIOS: Upgradeable firmware • Communication Port: USB A-B • Material: Glass, stainless steel, silicon gasket, polycarbonate • Dimension: 80.5 × 35 × 21 cm • Weight: 13 kg • Electrical: 110 – 240 V AC

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Photobioreactor FMT 150

Photobioreactor FMT 150 features continuously by the difference of optical modules: Gas Mixing System GMS a unique combination of the cultivator densities at 680 and 720 nm. The 150 providing optimal control of input and computer controlled monitoring instantaneous physiological state of the gas concentration; and gas analyzer device. The Photobioreactor FMT 150 culture is measured by the Photosystem MS GAS-100 intended for complex

combines a flat cultivation vessel II quantum yield FV/FM. analyses of gases and volatiles including with the built-in fluorometer and isotopes, solvents and volatile organics Photobioreactor function can be densitometer. It is primarily designed in headspace and liquid phase as well. enhanced by the additional gas for high-content, precise phototrophic cultivation of algae, cyanobacteria and bacteria. Light intensity and spectral ^^KEY FEATURES – ^^CULTIVATION characteristic as well as temperature MONITORING • Autoclavable flat glass cultivation and aeration gas composition can be • Integrated Double-Modulation vessel: 400 ml, 1,000 ml or 3,000 ml set with high accuracy. Cultivation Fluorometer with online • Programmable light, temperature, conditions can be dynamically varied measurement and recording of gas, and medium regime. Time steps according to user-defined protocol chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, from milliseconds to hours and continuously online monitored. such as F , F , F , F’ , (F’ -F )/F’ • Both static and changeable Programmable light, temperature, gas, 0 T M M M T M • Integrated online optical density temperature and medium regime can oscillate with measurement (OD680, OD720) • Bubble humidifier for stable culture various amplitudes and frequencies • Continuous temperature control volume according to user-defined time steps • Continuous pH monitoring • Controlled flow rate and composition from milliseconds to hours. Continuous- • O electrode to measure of the sparging gas with GMS 150 flow turbidostatic cultivation can 2 concentration of dissolved O • Magnetic stirring be used for the stabilization of the 2 (optional) • Anaerobic cultivation via gas tight lid suspensions and optical density control. • CO electrode to determine and N sparging In addition to the turbidostatic pump, 2 2 dissolved CO concentration • Turbidostat, chemostat or pH-stat up to 7 peristaltic pumps for different 2 (optional) cultivation control chemostat or pH-stat cultivation can be • Highly precise gas mixing system for linked to the Photobioreactor for highly aeration (optional) precise control of cultivation conditions. • Monitoring of medium consumption The growth of the cultures is monitored during a turbidostatic cultivation by the integrated densitometer (optional) (OD680, OD720). Chlorophyll content of the culture can also be monitored

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^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ^^APPLICATION

• Online Measured Parameters: • Chlorophyll Fluorescence • Precision cultivation of Chlorophyll fluorescence, OD, pH, Measurement: Blue excitation light photoautotrophic microorganisms

temperature, O2, CO2, medium and red-orange excitation light • Cultivation conditions optimization consumption during turbidostatic • Optical Path for OD and Chlorophyll and yield improvement cultivation Fluorescence Measurement: 24 mm • Photosynthesis research • Vessel Capacity: • Controlled Flow Rate and • Stress physiology, detection of 400 ml (FMT 150/400) Concentration of Sparging Gas: biotic and abiotic stress 1,000 ml (FMT 150/1000) Optional • Study of diurnal or metabolic 3,000 ml (FMT 150/3000) • Pumps: Up to 8 peristaltic pumps rhythms

• Precision Controlled Temperature • Optional Probes: O2, CO2 and others • Study of secondary metabolites (depending on ambient conditions): • BIOS: Upgradeable firmware production 5 – 75 °C (FMT 150/400) • Communication Port: USB A-B • Ecotoxicological research 10 – 75 °C (FMT 150/1000 and • Material: Glass, stainless steel, silicon • Ecological research, microorganisms FMT 150/3000) gasket interactions, population dynamic • Cooling and Heating System: • Dimension: • Environmental modeling 200 W Peltier element (FMT 150/400 41.5 × 35 × 31 cm (FMT 150/400 and and FMT 150/1000) FMT 150/1000) 400 W Peltier element (FMT 150/3000) 50 × 35 × 31 cm (FMT 150/3000) • LED Lighting: Light intensity • Weight: adjustable in the full range up to 15.5 kg (FMT 150/400) 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 (optionally up to 17.5 kg (FMT 150/1000) 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1). Bi-color light 28 kg (FMT 150/3000) panels available (separate color • Electrical: 90 – 240 V AC control) • Light Path: 24 mm (FMT 150/400); 61 mm (FMT 150/1000 and FMT 150/3000) ^^LED ILLUMINATION • Light Regime: Static or dynamic • Optical Density Measurement: Real • Bi-color LED panel (white-red or time measurement of OD by two blue-red typically) with separately far-red LEDs (680 nm, 720 nm). Time controllable channels. Other color intervals of OD measurements may be combination on request specified • Homogeneous illumination over the whole flat vessel ^^CONTROL SOFTWARE • Controllable light intensity up to 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 (optionally up to • User defined protocol writing 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1) • Real time data visualization and • Both static and fluctuating light analyses in graphs regimes. Day/night cycles • Remote control of the experiment • Additional front light panel for higher via internet intensity or different light color

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Large-Scale­ Photobioreactors

PSI Large-Scale Photobioreactors biomass suspensions via optical density Photobioreactor function can be are systems that create a controlled control. Programmable light, temperature, enhanced by the additional gas artificial environment for large-scale gas, and medium regime can oscillate module Gas Mixing System GMS 150 monitored growing and harvesting of with various amplitudes and frequencies providing optimal control of input gas photosynthetic organisms, mostly algae according to user-defined experimental concentration and flow rate. and cyanobacteria. The core of the protocols. The entire Photobioreactor system standard Photobioreactor system is a flat The growth of the cultures is monitored is connected to an external Control glass cultivation tank (25 l or 100 l in by the integrated densitometer unit with a computer running control volume) with an integrated temperature (OD720, 680 nm). The instantaneous software that defines and controls regulation and bubble stirring system for physiological state of the culture experimental conditions and also the aeration of the culture. The cultivation is measured by the Photosystem II enables remote control via internet. tanks may be cascaded to increase the quantum yield F /F with integrated PAM total volume up to 1,000 l. Illumination V M Regard to a broad experience Fluorometer. Supplementary sensors for is provided by flat LED panel that concerning the development and monitoring and control of pH/T, O , CO generates a highly uniform irradiance flux. 2 2 production of diverse Photobioreactors are available. Continuous-flow turbidostatic cultivation systems, PSI offers also development can be used for the stabilization of the and manufacturing of customized Large-Scale Photobioreactors 58 comprising of various cultivation tanks and other accessories. 03 / Photobioreactors

^^CULTIVATION VESSEL

• Flat construction with light path of 6.5 cm • Working volume of 25 l or 100 l per one unit • Glass cultivation tank with stainless steel frame. Cultivation tank is not autoclavable • Gas-tight vessel lid with gas and electronics fittings • Gas sparging system

^^LIGHT MODULE: LED­-BASED ILLUMINATION • Bi-color white-red LED panel with separately controllable colors. Other color combination on request • 25 l PBR: PPFD up to 500 μmol.m-2.s-1 for white and up to 200 μmol.m-2.s-1 for red light channel (standard) • 25 l PBR: light intensity up to 2,000 μmol.m-2.s-1 for both light channel together (optionally) • Both static and fluctuating light regime. Day/night cycles • Solar simulation

^^ADDITIONAL MODULES ^^CUSTOMIZED LARGE-SCALE

• Optical module: PAM fluorometer with blue and red-orange PHOTOBIOREACTORS excitation; Turbidometer 680 and 720 nm (OD680, 720) • Vertical Tubular Airlift Photobioreactor is a modular system

• Electrode module for connection of pH/T, dO2, CO2 probes scalable between 100 – 1,000 l. Ambient or artificial LED • Fluidic modules: Turbidostat module, Chemostat module, illumination. Monitoring of OD680, 720 and chlorophyll

pH-stat module fluorescence. Additional probes: pH/T, dO2, CO2 • Cooling module widens the range of cultivating temperature • Stainless 1,000 l Photobioreactor. Temperature controlled to 15–60 °C (ambient temperature not exceeding 30 °C) cultivation tank with the immersed LED lighting and • Gas module: Gas Mixing System GMS 150 integrated sparging system. Monitoring of OD680, 720 and

chlorophyll fluorescence. Additional probes:pH/T, dO2, CO2 • Modular Helical Tubular Photobioreactor (250 l per one unit) with a degassing system. Ambient or artificial LED illumination. Monitoring of OD680, 720 and chlorophyll

^^CONTROL SOFTWARE fluorescence. Additional probes: pH/T, dO2, CO2

• User defined protocol writing • Real time data visualization and analyses in graphs • Remote control of the experiment via internet

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PBR Control Software

New PBR Control Software is our Advanced data analysis functions are universe solution developed for wide included such as regression analysis ^^KEY SOFTWARE range of PSI cultivation devices and dynamic real-time calculation of FEATURES comprising Multi­-Cultivators and small­- growth rates for defined periods. • Full control (setting and editing) of and large­-scale Photobioreactors. The PBR control software is available in experimental conditions The software provides intuitive two versions: Basic and Advanced. The • Real time visualization and filtering and dynamic interface for real- major difference is that the advanced of experimental parameters and time visualization of recorded data version comprises additional features measured data (OD680, OD720, and also online remote access via and is optimized for simultaneous chlorophyll fluorescence, cultivation internet. Number of advanced custom control of different and multiple parameters, etc.) cultivation protocols can be easily set cultivation devices such as Multi-­ • Real-time regression analysis of through the user-friendly adjustment -Cultivators as well as Photobioreactors growth rates of individual parameters. Also java from one PC. Software controlled • Storage of data in a database scripting for specific modification of communication with additional devices • Multiple data handling functions the controlled parameters is available. such as Gas Mixing System GMS150, (filtering, searching, multiple export) In addition, storing data into database Turbidostatic module and additional • Online changes to protocols is implemented, including intelligent pumps are also supported. recorded in protocol history searching in the database and user- friendly multiple experiment export function into MS Excel or OpenOffice.

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^^BASIC VERSION ^^ADVANCED VERSION ^^LIST OF SOFTWARE­-

• User friendly GUI, clear graph • All features of the Basic version -CONTROLLED tooltips, legend panels • Scripting support in protocol PARAMETERS • Support of turbidostatic, chemostat • Advanced regression analysis in • Full control of light regime for each and pH­-modules experimental graph cultivation color independently • Set up of custom cultivation • Scheduling of the experimental start • Temperature protocols • Import of old experiments • OD measurement at 680 and 720 nm • Change in protocol of running • E­-mail notifications • Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters experiment and restoration after • Additional peristaltic pumps support (F , F , QY) laptop reboot • Support for Gas Mixing System 0 m • pH, O and CO • Accessory calibrations GMS 150 2 2 • Sparging gas • Basic linear regressions in • Unlimited multi­-license • Magnetic stirrer experimental graph • Turbidostatic, chemostat and • Export of the experiments to MS pH­-stat cultivation Excel/OpenOffice • Medium consumption for • Recorded experiments filtering turbidostatic mode • Online software upgrades • Additional pumps

61 03 / Photobioreactors

^^REFERENCES

Multi­-Cultivator MC­-1000­-OD Large-Scale Photobioreactors • Thiel K., Vuorio E., Aro E. M. et al. (2017). Microbial Cell • Sarayloo E., Simsek S., Sabri Unlu Y., et al. Bioresource Factories. 16. DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0640-x Technology. 150. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.105. • Bernardi A., Nikolaou A., Meneghesso A., et al. (2017). J. • Semchonok D. A., Li M., Bruce B. D., et al. (2016): Biotech. 259: 63-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.08.002. Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Bioenergetics. 1857: 1619–1626. • Nelson D. R., Khraiwesh B., Fu W., (2017). Dryad. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.06.012 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k83g4 • Koller M. and Maršálek L. (2015): Curr. Biotechnol. 4: 1-17. • Varshney P., Beardall J., Bhattacharya S.,et al. (2017). Algal DOI: 10.2174/2211550104666150917010849 Research. 30. 28-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.12.006. • Kämäräinen J., Huokko T., Kreula S., et al. (2017). New Phytol, 214: 194–204. DOI: 10.1111/nph.14353 • Bekoe D., Wang L., Zhang B., et al. (2017). J Enviro. Sci. and Health. 53. DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1397454 • Bernardi A., Nikolaou A., Meneghesso A., et al. (2016): PLoS One 11: 1-20. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156922 • Grama B. S., Agathos S. N. and Jeffryes C. S. (2016): ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 4: 1611–1618. DOI: 10.1021/ acssuschemeng.5b01544 • Minhas A. K., Hodgson P., Barrow C. J., et al. (2016): Bioresour. Technol. 211: 556-565. DOI: 10.1016/j. biortech.2016.03.121. • Rademacher N., Kern R., Fujiwara T., et al. (2016): J. Exp. Bot. 67: 3165-3175. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw118 • Serra-Maia R., Bernard O., Gonçalves A., et al. (2016): Algal Res. 18: 352–359. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.016 • Zhu Y., Liberton M. and Pakrasi H. B. (2016): J. Biol. Chem. 291: 1-26. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M116.721175 • Flowers J. M., Hazzouri K. M., Pham G. M., et al. (2015): Plant Cell. 27: 2353-2369. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.15.00492

Photobioreactor FMT 150 • Fachet M., Flassig R. J., Rihko-Struckmann L. K. (2017). Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 56. DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01423 • Masuda T., Bernát G., Bečková M.,et al. (2017). Environmental Microbiology. DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13963 • Li, G. and Campbell, D.A. (2017). Photosynth Res.131. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0301-7 • Morschett H., Schiprowski D., Rohde J. et al. (2017). Bioprocess Biosyst En. 40. DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1731-5 • Straka L., Rittmann B. E. (2017). Biotech. and Bioen. DOI: 10.1002/bit.26479 • Acuña A. M., Kaňa R., Gwizdala, M., et al. (2016): Photosyn. Res. 130: 237–249. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0248-8 • Angermayr S. A., van Alphen P., Hasdemir D., et al. (2016): Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 82. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00256-16 • Crawford T. S., Hanning K. R., Chua J. P. S., et al. (2016): Plant Cell Environ. 39: 1715–1726. DOI: 10.1111/pce.12738 • Flassig R. J., Fachet M., Höffner, K., et al. (2016): Biotechnol. Biofuels 9: 1-12. DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0556-4 • Li G. and Campbell D. A. (2016): Photosyn. Res. 131: 93-103. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0301-7 • Zavřel T., Steuer H., Knoop H., et al. (2016): Bioresour. Technol. 202: 142–151. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.062 • Zevin A. S., Rittmann B. E., Krajmalnik-Brown R. (2016): Algal Res. 13: 109-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.11.017

62 63 04 / Growth Chambers

Walk-In FytoScope FS‑WI ...... 66

Walk-in FytoScope FS‑WI is a plant growth chamber that utilizes Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as a sole light source and thus provides excellent spectral quality with high irradiance for plant physiology applications. Due to its versatile construction, the FytoScope may be used for growing of diverse plants: from Arabidopsis to wheat, corn or rice.

Step-In FytoScope FS‑SI ...... 68

Step-in FytoScope FS‑SI enables the researcher to maintain controlled growing conditions of temperature and humidity in a 24 h period with independent selection of photoperiods. A full range of “day/night” cycles with “dawn/dusk“ and “cloudy sky” effects can be programmed. In addition, basic fluorescence parameters are monitored.

Reach-In Fytoscope FS-RI ...... 70

Reach-In FytoScope FS-RI is a plant growth chamber that utilizes Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as a sole light source and thus provides excellent spectral quality with high irradiance for plant physiology applications. FytoScope FS-RI enables the researcher to maintain controlled growing conditions of temperature and humidity with independent selection of photoperiods.

Growth Unit ...... 72

Growth Unit serves for controlled plant cultivation. It is equipped with multi- color, LED-based illumination panel. Illumination panels are divided into two parts and each part can be controlled separately. Temperature can be regulated in the range of +2 to +14 °C above the ambient environment.

64 04 / Growth Chambers

Cultivation Shelves ...... 74

Cultivation Shelves are manufactured with LED-based illumination and they serve for controlled cultivation of plants. Cultivation Shelves are usually equipped with white and far­-red LEDs.

FytoScope Chamber FS 130 ...... 76

FytoScope Chamber FS 130 is designed for well-defined growing and monitoring of higher plants. It is equipped with a LED-based light panel that provides high-intensity illumination, which is controllable in its power, spectral composition and temporal modulation.

FytoScope Chamber FS 360 ...... 78

FytoScope Chamber FS 360 is growth chamber that is accessible from the top. Its lid is equipped with a LED-based light panel. Controllable parameters are temperature and illumination.

REFERENCES ...... 80

65 04 / Growth Chambers

Walk-In FytoScope FS‑WI

Walk-in FytoScope FS‑WI is a plant “dawn/dusk” or “cloudy sky” effects. In ^^APPLICATIONS growth chamber that utilizes Light addition, basic fluorescence parameters Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as a sole light can be monitored continuously. • Real-time, in-situ, high-content source and thus provides excellent monitoring of plant performance For user convenience both actual spectral quality with high irradiance for • Built-In large growth chambers inside conditions and target values plant physiology applications. Due to its • Accurate, precision-controlled for temperature, lighting and relative versatile construction, the FytoScope plant growth under defined light humidity are permanently displayed on may be used for growing of diverse composition the touch-screen controller, which is plants: from Arabidopsis to wheat, corn • Accurately controlled growth of conveniently situated on the front side or rice. diverse plants: from Arabidopsis to of the FytoScope. The controller allows wheat, corn or rice Walk-in FytoScope FS‑WI enables a wide range of user programmable • Adequate space for cultivations the researcher to maintain controlled options to be selected. Temperature, under controlled temperature and growing conditions of temperature and humidity or day/night timing can be set light characteristics, intensity and humidity with independent selection of at the touch of a button. A graphical mode photoperiods. Multifaceted programming representation of actual conditions • Multi-line schedule for temperature options enable researchers to simulate inside the FytoScope is also displayed. and lighting natural conditions and to define a full All data can be downloaded to a PC via range of “day/night” cycles with the USB cable.

66 04 / Growth Chambers

^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE CONTROL ^^TECHNICAL

• Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from • Data collection in real time SPECIFICATION 0 to 100 %), timing, modulation, and • Data upload for processing during • LED Light Illumination: diurnal cycling the experiment Size on request • Temperature: maximum +40 °C, • Data visualization in graphs or tables • Controlled Temperature Range: minimum +10 °C (lights ON), • Web interface +10 to +40 °C (independent on light optionally minimum 0 °C • 10.5" LCD color touch screen intensity; ambient room temperature • Relative humidity: adjustable from located at the front side of the up to +35 °C), optionally +4 to 40 to 80 % (independent on light chamber +40 °C intensity), optionally up to 90 % • Software for user­-friendly protocol • Controlled Humidity Range: • LED technology with minimum programming included 40 to 80 % (independent on light undesired plant heating • Memory for 100 user­-defined intensity), optionally up to 90 % • White LED illumination with protocols • External Dimensions: supplementary far­-red LEDs • Graphical representation of Depends on the space • PPFD up to 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 conditions inside the FytoScope – • Air Ventilation: 20 l/min each m2 at the distance of 50 cm both actual conditions and target • Rapid modulation of irradiance values are displayed simulating light flecks as well as • Data transfer via Ethernet or USB precise adjustment of the light interface intensity in the range of 1 to 100 % • Remote control over LAN • Homogeneous illumination over the • Internal diagnostic system for whole cultivation area recording and reporting of possible • No “wind” effects – homogeneous failures and almost laminar air exchange • Adjustable shelving (optional) • Incorporated module for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (optional)

67 04 / Growth Chambers

Step-In FytoScope FS‑SI

Step-in FytoScope FS‑SI is a plant For user convenience both actual ^^APPLICATIONS growth chamber that utilizes Light inside conditions and target values Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as a sole light for temperature, lighting and relative • Real-time, in-situ, high-content source and thus provides excellent humidity are permanently displayed on monitoring of plant performance spectral quality with high irradiance for the touch-screen controller, which is • Accurate, precision-controlled plant physiology applications. Due to its conveniently situated on the front side plant growth under defined light versatile construction, the FytoScope of the FytoScope. The controller allows composition may be used for growing of diverse a wide range of user programmable • Accurately controlled growth of plants: from Arabidopsis to wheat, corn options to be selected. Temperature, diverse plants: from Arabidopsis to or rice. humidity or day/night timing can be set wheat, corn or rice at the touch of a button. A graphical • Adequate space for cultivations Step-in FytoScope FS‑SI enables representation of actual conditions under controlled temperature and the researcher to maintain controlled inside the FytoScope is also displayed. light characteristics, intensity and growing conditions of temperature and All data can be downloaded to a PC via mode humidity with independent selection of the USB cable. • Multi-line schedule for temperature photoperiods. Multifaceted programming and lighting options enable researchers to simulate Standard versions: natural conditions and to define a full Model FS 3400 range of “day/night” cycles with “dawn/dusk” or “cloudy sky” effects. In Model FS 4400 addition, basic fluorescence parameters can be monitored continuously.

68 04 / Growth Chambers

^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE CONTROL ^^TECHNICAL

• Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from • Data collection in real time SPECIFICATION 0 to 100 %), timing, modulation, and • Data upload for processing during • LED Light Illumination: LED panel diurnal cycling the experiment 80 × 108 cm • Temperature: maximum +40 °C, • Data visualization in graphs or tables • Controlled Temperature Range: minimum +10 °C (lights ON), • Web interface +10 to +40 °C (independent on light optionally minimum 0 °C • 10.5" LCD color touch screen intensity; ambient room temperature • Relative humidity: adjustable from located at the front side of the up to +35 °C), optionally 0 to +40 °C 40 to 80 % (independent on light chamber • Controlled Humidity Range: 40 to intensity) • Software for user-friendly protocol 80 % (independent on light intensity) • LED technology with minimum programming included • External Dimensions (W × D × H): undesired plant heating • Memory for 100 user-defined ·· 190 × 130 × 220 cm • White LED illumination with protocols (model FS 3400) supplementary far­-red LEDs • Graphical representation of ·· 245 × 130 × 220 cm • PPFD up to 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 at the conditions inside the FytoScope – (model FS 4400) distance of 50 cm both actual conditions and target • Internal Dimensions (W × D × H): • Rapid modulation of irradiance values are displayed ·· 130 × 110 × 210 cm simulating light flecks as well as • Data transfer via Ethernet or USB (model FS 3400) precise adjustment of the light interface ·· 197 × 110 × 210 cm intensity in the range of 1 to 100 % • Remote control over LAN (model FS 4400) • Homogeneous illumination over • Internal diagnostic system for • Weight: 650 kg the whole cultivation area of 0.9 m2 recording and reporting of possible • Air Ventilation: 1.200 l/hour (model FS 3400), or 1.3 m2 (model failures • Power Input: 6.5 kW FS 4400) • No “wind” effects – homogeneous and almost laminar air exchange • Adjustable shelving ^^ONLINE MEASURED • Step-in unit with inside capacity of 3,400 l (model FS 3400); 4,400 l PARAMETERS (model FS 4400) (*) • Relative humidity • Incorporated module for measuring • Temperature chlorophyll fluorescence parameters • Light intensity

(optional) • FT, FM, QY(optional)

(*) other volumes on request

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Reach-In Fytoscope FS-RI

Reach-in FytoScope FS-RI 1600 is side of the FytoScope. The controller ^^APPLICATIONS a plant growth chamber that utilizes allows wide range of user programmable Light Emiting Diodes (LEDs) as a sole options to be selected. Temperature, • Real-time, in-situ, high-content light source. Thus excellent spectral humidity or day/night timing can be monitoring of plant performance quality with high irradiance is provided set at the touch of a button. Displayed • Accurate, precision-controlled plant for plant physiology applications. Due to is also graphical representation of growth under precisely defined light versatile construction, these FytoScopes conditions inside the FytoScope. All data conditions may be used for growing of diverse can be downloaded to a PC via the USB • Precisely controlled growth of plants: from Arabidopsis to wheat, corn cable. diverse plants: from Arabidopsis to or rice. wheat, corn or rice • Adequate space for cultivations Reach-in FytoScope FS-RI 1600 enables under controlled temperature and the researcher to maintain controlled light characteristics, intensity and growing conditions of temperature and mode humidity with independent selection of • Multi-line schedule for temperature photoperiods. Multifaceted programming and lifting options enable researchers to simulate natural conditions. Controlled parameters are: temperature, humidity and illumination with independent selection of photoperiods. A full range of „day/night“ cycles with „dawn/dusk“ and „cloudy sky“ effects can be programmed. In addition, incorporated Fluorescence Module (optional) enables continuous measuring of basic fluorescence parameters in grown plants.

For user convenience both actual inside conditions and target values for temperature, lighting and relative humidity are permanently displayed on the touch screen controller, which is conveniently situated on the front

70 04 / Growth Chambers

^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE CONTROL ^^TECHNICAL

• Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from • Data collection in real time SPECIFICATION 0 % to 100 %), timing, modulation, • Data upload for processing - even • LED Light Illumination: and diurnal cycling when the experiment is running 400 μmol.m-2.s-1 at the distance of • Temperature: adjustable from • Data visualization in graphs or tables 50 cm (optionally 1,000 μmol.m-2.s-1 +10 °C +40 °C (optionally minimum • Web interface at the distance of 50 cm) -5 °C) • 10.5" LCD color touch screen • Controlled Temperature Range: • Relative humidity adjustable from located at the front side of the +10 °C to +40 °C (independent 40 % to 80 % (independent on light chamber on light intensity; ambient room intensity) • Software for user-friendly protocol temperature up to +35 °C) • LED technology with minimum programming included optionally: -5 °C to +40 °C undesired plant heating • Memory for 100 user-defined • Controlled Humidity Range: 40 to • White LED illumination with protocols 80 % (independent on light intensity) supplementary FAR LEDs for • Graphical representation of • Cultivation area: 0.45 m2 (in one excellent plant growth conditions inside the FytoScope – shelf) – max. 1.35 m2 (3 shelves) • PPFD up to 400 μmol.m-2.s-1 at the displayed are both actual conditions • Approximate external Dimensions: distance of 50 cm (optionally, at the and target values 110 × 87 × 206 cm (W × D × H) upper shelf, up to 1,000 μmol.m-2.s-1 • Data transfer via Ethernet or USB • Approximate Internal Dimensions: at the distance of 50 cm) interface 98 × 67 × 130 cm (W × D × H) • Rapid modulation of irradiance • Remote control over LAN • Weight: 650 kg simulating light flecks as well as • Internal diagnostic system for • Air Ventilation:1.200 l/hour precise adjustment of the light recording and reporting of possible intensity in the range of 1 to 100 % failures • Homogeneous illumination over the whole cultivation area of 0.45 m2 (in one shelf) ^^ONLINE MEASURED • No „wind“ effect - homogeneous PARAMETERS and almost laminar air exchange • Temperature • Adjustable shelving • Light intensity • Wheels for easy moving • Relative humidity • Approximate inside capacity: 900 l • F , F , QY(optional) • For extra protection of investigated T M plants, the FytoScope features both hardware and software protection against undesired overheating of the inside environment • Incorporated measuring of chlorophyll fluorescence (optional)

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Growth Unit

Growth Unit serves for controlled plant Temperature in the Growth Unit can be cultivation. It is equipped with a multi-­ regulated in the range of +2 to +14 °C ^^KEY FEATURES -color, LED­-based illumination panel. above the ambient environment. Interior • Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from Standard color combinations are: white air flow is up to 0.25 m/s. This is ensured 0 to 100 %), timing, modulation, and + far­-red, white + far­-red + red, or red by a sophisticated reliable system of air diurnal cycling + green + blue + far­-red. Illumination exchange. Interior temperature may be panels are divided into two parts and set in user-designed protocols. • Temperature: +2 to +14 °C above each part can be controlled separately. ambient temperature Each LED channel (= color) can also be • LED technology with minimum controlled independently. undesired plant heating

• White LED illumination with supplementary far­-red LEDs

• RGB LED illumination with supplementary far­-red LEDs

• Maximum PPFD 240 µmol.m-2.s-1 at the distance of 30 cm

• Rapid modulation of irradiance simulating light flecks as well as precise adjustment of the light intensity in the range of 1 to 100 %

• Homogeneous illumination over the whole cultivation area of 1.4 m2

• Incorporated module for measuring light intensity (optional)

72 04 / Growth Chambers

^^APPLICATIONS ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Precise plant cultivation in controlled • LED Light Illumination: • External Dimensions: light and temperature conditions LED panels 80 × 180 cm 220 × 90 × 65 cm (W × D × H) • Controlled Temperature Range: • Internal Dimensions: +2 to +14 °C (independent on light 180 × 80 × 55 cm (W × D × H) intensity) • Weight: 90 kg • Power Input: 890 W

^^ONLINE MEASURED ^^SOFTWARE CONTROL (OPTIONAL)

PARAMETERS • Data collection in real time • Graphical representation of conditions • Temperature • Data upload for processing during the inside the Growth Unit – both actual • Light intensity (optional) experiment conditions and target values are • Data visualization in graphs or tables displayed • Web interface • Data transfer via Ethernet or USB • 10.5" LCD color touch screen located interface at the front side of the chamber • Remote control over LAN • Software for user-friendly protocol • Internal diagnostic system for programming included recording and reporting of possible • Memory for 100 user-defined failures protocols

73 04 / Growth Chambers

Cultivation Shelves

Cultivation Shelves are manufactured ^^STANDARD VERSIONS ^^APPLICATIONS with LED-based illumination and they serve for controlled cultivation of plants. • CS 250/300_5_3 • Plant cultivation in controlled light Cultivation Shelves are usually equipped • CS 250/300_5_2.4 conditions with white and far­-red LEDs. • CS 250/200_7_4.2 • CS 250/200_7_3.4 The system consists of illuminated shelves (maximum is 8 shelves in Customized versions are also one unit) and the control unit – Light available. Controller LC100. One Light Controller can in parallel control up to 16 Cultivation Shelves. Light Controller enables full light control in intensity, modulation and timing (optional protocols are also available).

The shelves are height-adjustable with 25 mm step. For higher plants, single shelves can be just easily removed from the system. PPFD is ranging up to 250 µmol.m-2.s-1 (measured at 30 cm from the LED panel).

Versions and their labeling:

VVV/XXX_Y_Z

VVV Max. PPFD [µmol.m-2.s-1]

XXX Distance of required PAR measurement [mm]

Y Number of shelves

Z Cultivation area [m2]

74 04 / Growth Chambers

^^KEY FEATURES ^^LIGHT CONTROLLER LC100 (*)

• Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from • User-friendly, four-button operation • Two light/dark phases 0 to 100 %), timing control • Precise control over the light mode, • User-Defined Custom Protocol with • LED technology with minimum intensity and timing (seconds to hours) many defined functions of a light undesired plant heating phase (optional) • Supports up to 16 Cultivation Shelves • White LED illumination with • Daylight Protocol for cloudy sky • Each light /color can be configured supplementary far­-red LEDs simulation (optional) and controlled independently • PPFD up to 250 µmol.m-2.s-1 at the • No PC needed • Light modulation according to distance of 30 cm (standard), a predefined function (continuous, higher PPFD optional pulse, sine, triangle) (*) Use of LC100 is necessary for LED • Homogeneous illumination over the light panels control. 80 % of cultivation area

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • LED Light Illumination: ·· LED panel 100 × 60 cm (versions CS 250/300_5_3, CS 250/200_7_4.2) ·· LED panel 80 × 60 cm (versions CS 250/300_5_2.4, CS 250/200_7_3.4)

• External Dimensions (W × D × H): ·· 106 × 60 × 220 cm (version CS 250/300_5_3) ·· 86 × 60 × 220 cm version CS 250/300_5_2.4 ·· 106 × 60 × 220 cm version CS 250/200_7_4.2 ·· 86 × 60 × 220 cm version CS 250/200_7_3.4

• Weight: ·· 75 kg (versions CS 250/300_5_3, CS 250/300_5_2.4) ·· 85 kg (versions CS 250/200_7_4.2, CS 250/200_7_3.4)

• Input Power: 300 – 1,200 W

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FytoScope Chamber FS 130

FytoScope Chamber FS 130 represents ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES a remarkable combination of a LED-­ -based growth chamber and measuring • Real-time, in-situ, high-content • High PPFD up to device designed for well-defined monitoring of plant performance 1,500 µmol(photons).m-2.s-1, cultivation and monitoring of higher • Accurate, precision-controlled optional 2,000 µmol(photons).m-2.s-1 plants. It is equipped with a LED­-based plant growth under defined light • Rapid modulation of irradiance light panel that provides high-intensity composition simulating light flecks as well as illumination that is controllable in its • Accurately controlled growth of precise adjustment of the light power, spectral composition and algae or cyanobacteria in Petri intensity in the range of 1 to 100 % temporal modulation. Temperature and dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks • Other colors LEDs available gas atmosphere composition can be • Small footprint area for maximizing • Digital display for temperature, constant or varied. The FytoScope has floor space in the lab relative humidity, and lighting a large, easy-to-read display screen that • Adequate space for cultivations intensity readings clearly shows operating parameters and under controlled temperature and • Independently programmable light actual values. Intuitive programming light characteristics, intensity and composition and dynamics in PAR allows multiple parameter changes mode and NIR to light intensity, light characteristics, • Multi-line schedule for temperature • LED technology with minimum plant temperature, or humidity (optional). and lighting heating • Temperature control: programmable The FytoScope can also be used for controller ramps temperature up or growing algae and cyanobacteria in Petri down in the range of 7 to 50 °C dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks. • Day/night cycle programmable • Relative humidity control (optional) • Integrated gas mixing system (optional) • Incorporated module for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (optional) • Cloudy sky simulation (optional)

76 04 / Growth Chambers

^^ONLINE MEASURED ^^CONTROL SOFTWARE ^^TECHNICAL PARAMETERS (OPTIONAL) SPECIFICATION (OPTIONAL) • Data collection in real time • LED Light Illumination: • Data upload for processing during LED panel 25 × 35 cm • F , F , QY T M the experiment • Controlled Temperature Range: • Relative humidity • Data visualization in graphs or tables +15 to +50 ºC • Temperature • Web interface (with maximum illumination); • Light intensity +7 to +50 ºC • CO assimilation monitor 2 (without illumination); +7 to +50 ºC ^^VERSIONS (with maximum illumination) – optional • WIR (white + far­-red LEDs; cool • External Dimensions: white or warm white) 100 × 55 × 62 cm (H × W × D) RGBIR (red + green + blue + far­-red • Internal Dimensions: LEDs) 69 × 42 × 40 cm (H × W × D) • Weight: 55 kg • Internal Volume: 124 l • Refrigerant: R134a • Air Ventilation: 250 l/hour • Compressor: 220 – 240 V; ~ 50 Hz; 160 W; 0.70 A • Power: 300 W • Power Input: 500 W

77 04 / Growth Chambers

FytoScope Chamber FS 360

FytoScope Chamber FS 360 is ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES a growth chamber that is accessible from the top. The lid is equipped with • Real-time, in-situ, high-content • Growth chamber with inside a LED-based light panel. Controllable monitoring of plant performance capacity of 360 l parameters are temperature and • Accurate, precision-controlled • Accessible from the top illumination. plant growth under defined light • Precise control over the light mode, composition intensity, and timing • Accurately controlled growth of • White + far­-red LEDs algae or cyanobacteria in Petri • Higher light intensity and dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks temperature as an option • Adequate space for cultivations • Accurate temperature control under controlled temperature and • Wider temperature range as an light characteristics, intensity and option mode • Multi-line schedule for temperature and lighting

78 04 / Growth Chambers

^^VERSIONS ^^CONTROL SOFTWARE ^^TECHNICAL

• WIR (white + far­-red LEDs; cool (OPTIONAL) SPECIFICATION white or warm white) • Data collection in real time • Outside Dimension: RGBIR (red + green + blue + far­-red • Data upload for processing during 140 × 68 × 88 cm (W × D × H) LEDs) the experiment • Inside Dimension: • Data visualization in graphs or tables 120 × 50 cm (base), 41 cm (height), • Web interface plus additional lower space of 100 × 50 cm (base), 27 cm (height) ^^ONLINE MEASURED • LED Light Illumination Panel: PARAMETERS 100 × 50 cm (OPTIONAL) • PPFD: Up to 300 µmol.m-2.s-1

• FT, FM, QY at the distance of 30 cm, optionally • Relative humidity upgradable to 500 μmol.m-2.s-1 • Temperature • Power Input: 220 – 240 V/50 Hz • Light intensity (opt. 110/60 Hz)

• CO2 assimilation monitor • Temperature Control: In the range of +15 to +40 °C

79 04 / Growth Chambers

^^REFERENCES

Walk-In FytoSope FS-WI • Awlia M., Nigro A., Fajkus J., et al. (2016). Front. Plant Sci. 7. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01414 • Humplik J.F., Lazar D., Husickova A., et al. (2015). Plant Methods. 11. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-015-0072-8. • Humplik J.F., Lazar D., Fürst, T., et al. (2015). Plant Methods. 11. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-015-0063-9

Step-In FytoScope FS-SI • Hlaváčová M.,Klem K., Smutná P., et al. (2017). Plant Soil Environ. 63. DOI: 10.17221/73/2017-PSE • Bielczynski L. W., Schansker G., Croce R. (2016). Front. Plant Sci. 7. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00105 • Rattanapichai W., Klem K. (2016). Czech J. Genet. Plamt Breed. Volume 52. DOI: 10.17221/121/2015-CJGPB • Szymańska R, Kołodziej K., Ślesak I, et al. (2016). Enviro. Pol. 213. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.026. • Večeřová K., Večeřa Z., Dočekal B., et al. (2016). Enviro. Pol. 218. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.013. • Vítek P., Novotná K., Hodaňová P., et al. (2016). Spectroch. Acta . 170. DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.07.025.

FytoScope Chamber FS 130 • Feijão E., Gameiro C., Franzitta M., et al. (2017). Ecological Indicators. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.07.058 • Materová Z., Sobotka R., Zdvihalová B., et al. (2017). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 116. DOI: 10.1016/j. plaphy.2017.05.002 • Sztatelman O., Łabuz J., Hermanowicz P., et al. (2016). J Exp Bot. 67. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw265 • Horrer D., Flütsch S., Pazmino D. et al. (2016). Cur Bio. 26 (3): 362-370. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.12.036 • Duarte B., Santos D., Silva H. et al. (2014). AoB Plants. 6. DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plu067 • Duarte B., Santos D., Silva H. et al. (2014). Plant Phys. and Biochem. 80: 10-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.03.016

80 05 / Incubated Shakers

AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO ...... 82

AlgaeTron AG 130 is a floor standing incubated shaker that provides well- defined conditions for growing algae and cyanobacteria. It comes with a shaker and is equipped with a large, easy-to-read display screen. Intuitive programming allows multiple parameter changes to timing, light intensity, light characteristics, temperature, and shaking power.

AlgaeTron AG 230 ...... 84

AlgaeTron AG 230 is a floor standing incubated shaker with minimum footprint size–yet with three independently illuminated spaces for comfortable growing of algae and cyanobacteria in controlled conditions. Programmable parameters are: timing, light intensity, light characteristics, temperature, and shaking power.

REFERENCES ...... 86

81 05 / Incubated Shakers

AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO

AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO is a floor ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES standing incubated shaker that provides well­-defined conditions for • Specifically designed for cultivation • Intuitive programming growing algae and cyanobacteria in of algae, cyanobacteria and plant of temperature, photosynthetic light, Petri dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks. tissue cultures and shaking speed AG 130-ECO is equipped with • Accurate, precision-controlled • Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from a programmable controller that enables culture growth under defined light 0 to 100 %), timing, modulation, and customers to create programs and composition diurnal cycling to automate changes to multiple • Small footprint area for • Timing steps from seconds to hours operating parameters such as timing, maximizingfloor space in the lab • User-defined modulation light intensity, light characteristics, • Accurately controlled growth of • Standard cold white + far­-red LED temperature, and shaking power. algae or cyanobacteria in Petri light (customized light color is User-defined operating parameters and dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks. optional) actual values are online shown on large • Adequate space for cultivations • PPFD 1,000 μmol.m-².s-1 in standard easy-to-read display screen. With its under controlled temperature and model compact dimensions and small footprint, light characteristics, intensity and • Temperature control in the range the AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO saves mode of +7 to +45 °C (lights off), +15 to precious laboratory space and is perfect • Multi-line schedule for temperature +55 °C (max lights on) for small-scale applications. It has one and lightning • LED technology with minimum illuminated space with an additional undesired heating bottom shelve and accommodates up to • Shaking speed range up to 500 RPM 14 × 50 ml flasks. (optional) • Integrated gas mixing system Optionally, AlgaeTron may be (optional) supplemented with a Gas Mixing System • Incorporated module for measuring GMS 150 that can bring pure or mixed chlorophyll fluorescence parameters gases into the incubator. (optional)

82 05 / Incubated Shakers

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • LED Light Illumination: LED panel 25 × 35 cm

• Controlled Temperature Range: ·· +15 to +50 °C (with maximum illumination) ·· +7 to +50 °C (without illumination) ·· +7 to +50 °C (with maximum illumination) – optional

• External Dimensions (H × W × D): 100 × 55 × 62 cm

• Internal Dimensions (H × W × D): 69 × 42 × 40 cm

• Weight: 55 kg

• Internal Volume: 124 l

• Air Ventilation: 250 l/hour

• Compressor: 220 – 240 V; ~ 50 Hz; 160 W ; 0,70 A (110 V; 60 Hz)

• Power: 300 W

• Power Input: 500 W

^^CONTROL SOFTWARE (OPTIONAL) • Data collection in real time

• Data upload for processing during the experiment

• Data visualization in graphs or tables

• Web interface

83 05 / Incubated Shakers

AlgaeTron AG 230

AlgaeTron AG 230 is a floor standing ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES incubated shaker that provides well- defined uniform environment for controlled • Specifically designed for cultivation • Intuitive programming growing of algae, cyanobacteria and of algae, cyanobacteria and plant of temperature, photosynthetic light, plant tissue cultures in Petri dishes tissue cultures and shaking speed or Erlenmeyer flasks. It is equipped • Accurately controlled growth of • Three independently illuminated with three independently illuminated algae or cyanobacteria in Petri cultivation spaces with separate shelves maximizing tissue culture area. dishes or Erlenmeyer flasks control option Illumination of each shelf is separately controllable in intensity, mode and timing • Small footprint area for maximizing • Lighting: adjustable in intensity (from according to user’s defined protocol. AG floor space in the lab 0 to 100 %), timing, modulation, and 230 is designed with minimal footprint size diurnal cycling • In total 0.46 m2 of culture cultivation that makes it ideal for laboratories with area on 3 slide-out shelves • Timing steps from seconds to hours limited space. AlgaeTron AG 230 may be supplied with up to three integrated orbital • Adequate space for cultivations • User-defined modulation shakers, each with loading capacity of under controlled temperature and • Standard cold or warm white + far­- 3.5 kg and rotation speed range of 30 to light characteristics, intensity and red LED light (customized light color 500 RPM. mode is optional) AG 230 is equipped with • Multi-line schedule for temperature • PPFD up to 500 µmol.m-2.s-1 for top a programmable controller that enables and lightning panel and up to 100 µmol.m-2.s-1 for customers to create programs and two lower panels to automate changes to multiple operating parameters such as timing, • Temperature control in the range light intensity, light characteristics, of +5 to +45 °C (with maximum temperature, and shaking power. illumination) Easy-to-read display screen located on • LED technology with minimum the AlgaeTron front side clearly shows undesired heating operating parameters and actual values. • Shaking speed range up to 500 RPM Optionally, the AlgaeTron may be (optional) supplemented with a Gas Mixing System GMS 150 that can bring pure or mixed • Integrated Gas Mixing System gases into the incubator. (optional)

84 05 / Incubated Shakers

^^CONTROL SOFTWARE (OPTIONAL)

• Data collection in real time

• Data upload for processing during the experiment

• Data visualization in graphs or tables

• Web interface

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION • Controlled Temperature Range: +15 to +45 °C – standard (shaking ON, illumination ON); +10 to +50 °C – optional (shaking ON, illumination ON)

• LED Light Illumination: ·· Upper LED light panel: 25 × 35 cm ·· Lower two LED light panels: 33 × 46 cm

• External Dimensions: 170 × 60 × 62 cm (H × W × D)

• Internal Volume: 265 l

• Weight: 70 kg

• Refrigerant: R600a

• Compressor: 220 – 240 V; ~ 50 Hz; 200 W ; 1A (optionally 110 V; ~ 50/60 Hz)

• Shaker Speed: 30 – 500 RPM

• Shaker Weight: 9 kg

• Shaker Loading Weight: Up to 3.5 kg

• Shaker Dimension: 39 × 32 × 9 cm (W × D × H)

• Shaker Power Supply: 115/230 V ±10 %; ~ 50/60 Hz

• Power Input: 600 W / 900 W

85 05 / Incubated Shakers

^^REFERENCES

AlgaeTron AG 130-ECO • Zavřel T., Steuer H., Knoop H., et al. (2016). Bior. Tech. 202. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.062 • Zhang B., Wang L., Hasan R. et al. (2014). BioRes. 9. DOI: 10.15376/biores.9.4.6130-6140

AlgaeTron AG 230 • Vuorijoki L., Kallio P, and Aro E. M.(2017). Data in Brief. 11. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.03.012. • Thiel K., Vuorio E., Aro E. M., et al., (2017).Microb. Cell Fact. 16. DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0640-x • Prasad A., Ferretti U., Sedlářová M. et al. (2016). Sci. Reports. 6. DOI: 10.1038/srep20094 • Stemmler K., Massimi R., Kirkwood A. E. (2016). PeerJ. 4. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1780. • Jurado Oller J. L., Dubini A., Galván A. et al. (2015). Biotech for Biofuels. 8. DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0341-9

86 06 / LED Light Sources

LED Light Source SL 3500 ...... 88

LED Light Source SL 3500 is array of high-performance light emitting diodes (LEDs) that can operate in multiple regimes: flash, continuous light, harmonically modulated light, or they can work with a user-defined modulation. Different versions of the device vary spectrally from UVA to far­-red.

LED Fyto-Panels ...... 90

LED Fyto-Panels are primarily intended for installation in growth chambers, or for other similar applications where controlled, large-area illumination is of high importance. The Fyto-Panels provide high-intensity light with uniform light distribution. They are manufactured as single color and optionally also multi- color series with each color being separately controllable in intensity by the power supply. Far­-red LEDs (735 nm) can be optionally added to ensure optimal conditions for plant growth. Infrared LEDs can also be controlled separately.

LED Bars ...... 92

LED Bars is high-intensity, LED-Based illumination system that is primarily intended for plant growing under controlled light conditions in greenhouses, hydroponics or growth chambers. Light intensity can be precisely regulated in the range of 5 to 100 % of the total output. PSI company made two versions of LED Bars: Compact LED Bars and Custom LED Bars Systems. Compact LED Bars ...... 94 Custom LED Bars Systems ...... 95

REFERENCES ...... 96

87 06 / LED Light Sources

LED Light Source SL 3500

PSI LED Light Sources are arrays LED Light Sources can be used ^^KEY FEATURES of high­-performance light emitting as standalone units or they can be diodes (LEDs) that can operate in integrated into cultivation area or • High light output – up to multiple regimes: flash, continuous other PSI instruments – FluorCams, 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 at the distance of light, harmonically modulated light, Photobioreactors or FytoScopes. Base 20 cm (depends on the LED type). or they can work with a user­-defined LED clusters can be used to outfit • Uniform light distribution over the modulation. Different versions of the growth rooms. desired area device vary spectrally from blue to • Precise intensity control in the range Their function can be substantially far­-red. of 1 to 100 % enhanced by the Light Controller LC100, • Minimum undesirable heating effects which provides precise control over the to experimental material light mode, intensity and timing, or by • Hardware or software control of the the Light Studio Software, which enables light regime and intensity computer control of the Light Sources. • Different color versions Both the Light Controller and the Light • Standard colors available: white Studio Software offer the possibility to cold, white warm, blue royal, red- create user­-defined protocols. orange, red, blue, green • Tri-color versions available in ^^APPLICATIONS 20 × 20 cm and 20 × 30 cm sizes • Long lifetime of LEDs • Plant science (min. 60,000 hours) • Agricultural and biotechnology research • Plant growth and development • Plant biomedicine

88 06 / LED Light Sources

LED LIGHT SOURCE ^^LIGHT CONTROL ^^TECHNICAL VERSIONS SPECIFICATION The panels are manufactured in number Light Controller • PPFD: of versions differing in the panel size and LC100 (optional) 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 illuminated area and in light color of the at the distance of 20 cm panel (from UVA to far­-red). • User­-friendly operation • Light Sources: • Precise control over the light mode, 455 nm, 530 nm, 617 nm, cool white Stand Alone Standard Panel Size with intensity and timing (seconds to (4,500 – 10,000 K) and others exact number of mounted LEDs: hours) • Custom-Defined Protocols • Supports up to 4 lights/colors in (optional): Panel size 13 × 13 cm SL 3500 and up to 8 lights/colors in Variable timing and scripts LED Fyto­-Panels • Communication Port: Model A – Single color; • Each light /color can be configured I2C communication (used for Light 72 mounted LEDs and controlled independently Controller LC100 and Light Studio • Light modulation according to Controller) Panel size 20 × 20 cm a predefined function (continuous, • Power Input: pulse, sine, triangle) From 75 to 500 W (depend on type Model B – Single color; • Two light/dark phases and color) 180 mounted LEDs • User­-Defined Custom Protocol with • Electrical: Model C – Tri-color RGB many defined functions of a light 90 – 240 V (Red-Green-Blue); phase (optional) • Standard accessory: 168 (3 × 56) mounted LEDs • Daylight Protocol for cloudy sky stand with LED panel holder simulation (optional) • Optional accessory: Panel size 30 × 20 cm • No PC needed ·· Light Controller LC100 ·· Light Studio Controller with Model D – Single color; 104 mounted Light Studio Software Light Studio software LEDs • Panel External Dimension: (optional) ·· Model A: 17.5 × 17.5 × 11 cm, Model E – Tri-color RGB (Red­-Green­- (with holder screws: Blue) with far­-red; 240 (3×80) • User­-friedly GUI for protocol writing 17.5 × 28 × 11 cm) mounted LEDs, 4 far­-red • Day/night simulation – dawn and ·· Model B, C: 25 × 22.5 × 11 cm, LEDs dusk simulation (with holder screws: • Precise control over the light mode, 25 × 33 × 11 cm) intensity and timing – timing from ·· Model D, E: 23.5 × 34.5 × 11 cm, seconds to hours (with holder screws: • Supports up to 4 lights in different 23.5 × 45 × 11 cm) color • Each light (color) can be configured and programmed independently • Light modulation according to a predefined function (continuous, pulse, sine, triangle) or user-­­ -programmed function • Unlimited number of light/dark phases

89 06 / LED Light Sources

LED Fyto-Panels

LED Fyto-Panels are primarily intended ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES for installation in growth chambers, or for other similar applications where • Plant science • Uniform light distribution over the controlled, large-area illumination is • Agricultural and biotechnology desired area of high importance. The Fyto-Panels research • Light irradiance in the range from provide high-intensity light with uniform • Plant growth and development 430 to 1,600 µmol.m-2.s-1 (at the light distribution. They are manufactured • Plant biomedicine distance of 100 cm) as single color and optionally also • Precise intensity control in the range multi-color series with each color being LED FYTO­­-PANEL of 1 to 100 % separately controllable in intensity by the • Standard panel setup: cool white power supply. Far-red LEDs (735 nm) VERSIONS LEDs with added far­-red LEDs and deep red (660 nm) can be optionally (735 nm) and deep-red LEDs The panels are manufactured in three basic added to ensure optimal conditions for (660 nm) versions (A, B, C) and three “half” versions plant growth. Infrared LEDs can also be • Optionally, bi­-color and multi­-color (A-1/2, B-1/2, C-1/2) that differ in power controlled separately. versions available with each color input and maximum reachable irradiance being separately controllable in Single LED Fyto-Panel dimension is (measured in 1 meter distance from the intensity, timing and modulation 270 × 810 mm. Multiple panels can be light source): • Minimum undesirable heating effects interconnected if larger area needs Version A: maximum reachable irradiance to experimental material to be illuminated. LED Fyto-Panel as 500 µmol.m-2­ .s-1­ (cool white) • Independently programmable LED-­ a single or multiple unit can be operated -based illumination controllable in through a PC program which is provided Version A-1/2: maximum reachable its power, spectral composition and together with the Fyto-Panel. Optionally, irradiance 350 µmol.m-2­ .s-1­ (cool white) temporal modulation Fyto-Panels can be supplied with Version B: maximum reachable irradiance • Timing steps from seconds to hours the Light Controller or Light Studio 1,000 µmol.m­-2.s­-1 (cool white) and days Software; they both enable precise • User defined protocol control – via control of the light mode, timing and Version B-1/2: maximum reachable the Light Controller LC100 or Light intensity via user-defined protocols. In irradiance 1,000 µmol.m­-2.s­-1 (cool white) Studio software (optional) addition, special protocols for daylight Version C: maximum reachable • Lifespan of up to 70,000 hours of mimicking or cloudy sky simulation may irradiance 1,500 µmol.m­-2.s­-1 (cool white) continuous lighting be provided. Version C-1/2: maximum reachable irradiance 1,500 µmol.m­-2.s­-1 (cool white)

Multi-Color: maximum reachable irradiance 1,400 µmol.m­-2.s­-1 (up to 7 channels) 90 06 / LED Light Sources

MULTI-COLOR LED ^^KEY FEATURES ^^TECHNICAL FYTO-PANEL • LEDs offers highly defined SPECIFICATION This Fyto­-Panel can be equipped with parameters of irradiance • Panel External Dimension: up to 7 different channels /colors ­- each • Light intensity changes in the range 81 × 27 cm, 1/2 version 41 × 27 cm color being separately controllable in of 0–100 % of total output Version A, Version B, Version C, intensity. Standard color setup covers full • High homogeneity of irradiance Multi-Color spectrum for plant growing: blue, green, • Generation of short light pulses ·· Standard Light Color: red, deep­-red, white, far­-red, infra­-red enabled Cool white + far red (735 nm)+ deep (other colors as an option). • High light intensities up to red (660 nm) – version A, B, C 1,400 µmol.m-².s-1 ·· from blue to infra-red – Multi-Color –– Sun light simulation • Minimum heat effect • Multi-Color: from blue to infra-red –– Cloudy sky imitation • Durable, low cost and environment • LED Lifespan: 60 000 to 70 000 –– Dawn and Dusk imitation saving system hours of continuous lighting –– Specific pigment excitation • Light Intensity Control: –– Drive of individual phytochromes 0 – 100 % of total output –– Simulation of Red and far-red ratio • Power Input: ·· Version A: 280 W ·· Version B: 360 W ^^LIGHT CONTROL ·· Version C: 550 W ·· Version A-1/2: 130 W Basic control software ·· Version B-1/2: 220 W • ON/OFF control and intensity ·· Version C-1/2: 320 W settings • Basic control settings through a PC program provided

Light Controller LC 200 (optional) • User­­-friendly operation • Precise control over the light mode, intensity and timing (seconds to hours) • Supports up to 8 lights/colors • Each light /color can be configured and controlled independently • Light modulation according to a predefined function (continuous, pulse, sine, triangle) • Two light/dark phases • User­­-Defined Custom Protocol with up to 224 intervals (optional) • Daylight Protocol for cloudy sky simulation (optional) • No PC needed

Light Studio Software (optional) • User­­-friedly GUI for protocol writing • Day/night simulation – dawn and dusk simulation • Precise control over the light mode, intensity and timing – timing from seconds to hours • Supports unlimited number of logical light channels formed from up to 254 physical light devices – Fyto-Panels • Each logical channel can be configured and programmed independently • Fully programmable light modulation – built from user­­-defined segments (continuous light and ramp) 91 06 / LED Light Sources

LED Bars

LED Bars systems are primarily intended LED Bars are manufactured as two geometries and distances. The for plant growing under controlled light solutions: dimension of a single module can be conditions typicaly in climatic chambers specified in the range of 20 cm up Compact LED Bars or greenhouses. They provide high to 4m. The whole Custom LED Bars homogenity of irradiance at wide range Custom LED Bars Systems instalationcan be controlled by one of distances. The standard model is steering station. However, each The Compact LED Bars system is equiped with 5700 K cool white LEDs. LED Bars module or certain segments self­-contained system which does The other colors are available according can be controlled independently. not require special instalation from to customer needs. Light intensity can manufacturer. It comprises 12 LED Bars be precisely regulated in the range of 5 and integrated power source. The to 100 % of the total power. ^^APPLICATIONS dimension of the module is 998 x 160 x LED Bars can be controlled by the Light 965mm. • Indoor Cultivation Controller LC200 (hardware stand­-alone • Growth Chambers The Custom LED Bars Systems is solution) or Light Studio software • Custom Research Facilities modular solution designed to fit (Windows 7 or higher compatible). Both • Greenhouses – supplementary customer specification. Multiple these controlling tools enable designing lightning LED Bars can be combined in different custom protocols with precisely defined light periods, intensities or implemented intensity functions. The complex Custom LED Bars solutions can be controlled via advanced LightManager software.

92 06 / LED Light Sources

93 06 / LED Light Sources

Compact LED Bars

Compact LED Bars are high-intensity LIGHT CONTROL ^^KEY FEATURES LED-based illumination systems that Light Controller LC200 are primarily intended for plant growing • High-performance LED light source under controlled light conditions typicaly –– User-friendly, four-button operation • Controllable / dimmable in climatic chambers or greenhouses. –– Precise control over the light mode, • Compact design intensity and timing (seconds to hours) • Easy installation Compact LED Bars can be controlled –– Light modulation according to • Adjustable width of homogeneously by the Light Controller LC200 (hardware a predefined function (continuous, illuminated area (two modes) stand-alone­ solution) or Light Studio pulse, sine, triangle) • Passive cooling Software (Windows 7 or higher –– User-defined custom protocol with • IP65 rating compatible). Both these controlling tools 224 defined functions of a light phase enable designing custom protocols with (optional) precisely defined light periods, intensities –– Daylight protocol for cloudy sky or implemented intensity functions. simulation (optional) Compact LED Bars may also be cascaded. ^^TECHNICAL –– No PC needed In that case, more advanced solutions for SPECIFICATION their control may be offered – multiple to be Light Studio 485 Software • PPFD: max. 920µmol.m-2.s-1 (at the controlled from one or more steering units. –– User-friendly GUI distance of 50 cm) The technical construction of the –– Precise control over light intensity • Light source: 12 × 126 pcs. LED Compact LED Bars allows the user to and timing (from seconds to hours) 5700K cool white, 50.000 hours life set the bars in two ways – Standard –– Light modulation is fully to L70 and Wide – with different width of programmable, built from user- • Dimmable (Current control): homogeneously illuminated area. defined segments (continuous light 5 – 100% and ramp) • Frequency: 50/60Hz –– Calibration profiles for individual light • Power consumption: 5 – 720 W channels • Input voltage: 90 – 305VAC –– Possibility to start protocols • Dimensions (W × H × L): simultaneously and/or with delay 998 × 160 × 965mm • Weight: 24kg • Ports: 1× input power, 2× RS485 data (in/out) • Operating temperature: from -20 to +40°C (environment) • Cooling: passive

94 06 / LED Light Sources

Custom LED Bars Systems

Custom LED Bars Systems are high- –– Control cabinet with power supplies ^^KEY FEATURES efficiency tunable lightning systems and all other necessary electrical intended for plant growing in controlled components for intelligent LED Bars • High-performance LED light sources conditions. These highly modular control • Advanced control system systems have flexible geometry; light • Customized modular system intensity can be precisely regulated in the LIGHT CONTROL allowing flexible geometry of lighting range of 5 to 100 % of the total output. • Adjustable LED Bars height LED Bars can be controlled by the Light • High irradiance level – PPFD up to Custom LED Bars Systems may Controller LC200 (hardware stand­-alone 2.000 µmol.m-2.s-1 be assembled in multiple LED Bars solution) or Light Studio Software • Cool white 5700K color modules. These modules can be (Windows 7 or higher compatible). Both • Integrated sensors (irradiance level, arranged and suspended according these controlling tools enable designing temperature) – optional to the customer’s specification. The custom protocols with precisely defined • Multi-wavelength LEDs (far-red, whole Custom LED Bars instalation can light periods, intensities or implemented blue, red …) – optional be controlled by one steering station. intensity functions. The complex Custom However, each LED Bars module or LED Bars solutions can be controlled ^^TECHNICAL certain segments can be controlled via advanced LightManager software independently. Besides that, single SPECIFICATION working in client/server regime. In such LED Bars module can also be grouped • PPFD: up to 2.000 µmol.m-2.s-1 case, the PC is integrated in the control and controlled as segments. • Light source: LED 5700 K cool cabinet that is equipped with a touch white, 50.000 hours life to L70 Custom LED Bars Systems consist of: screen operator panel. Optionally remote • Multi-wavelength LEDs (far-red, access may also be implemented –– LED Bars arranged into various blue, red …) – optional (internet connectivity necessary). hanging modules that are constructed • Dimmable (Current control): 5 – 100 % to fit a particular space Custom LED Bars Systems are always • Adjustable panel height designed to fit customer’s specific • Power consumption: depending on requirements as for light intensity, LED Bars system dimension and homogeneity, spectrum, dimensions, requested light intensity extent of up-and-down movement, etc. • Dimensions: Customized formats (from 20 cm to 4 m) • Operating temperature: from - 20 to +40 °C (environment) • Integrated sensors (irradiance level, temperature) – optional • Cooling: passive (LED Bars), active (Control Cabinet) 95 06 / LED Light Sources

^^REFERENCES

LED Light Source SL 3500 • Mafole T. C., Chiang C., Solhaug K. A., et al. (2017) Fung. Ecol. 29. DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.07.004. • Gris, B., Sforza, E., Morosinotto, T. et al. (2017) J. Appl. Phycol. 29. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1133-3 • Chowdhury D. P., Solhaug K. A. and Gauslaa Y. (2017) Symbiosis 27. DOI: 10.1007/s13199-016-0468-x • Barbera E., Sforza E., Kumar S., et al. (2016). Bior. Tech. 207. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.103. • Hohaus T., Kuhn U., Andres S., et al. (2016). Atm. Measur.Tech. DOI: 10.5194/amt-9-1247-2016 • Meneghesso A., Simionato D., Gerotto C. et al. (2016). Photosynth. Res. 129. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0297-z • Mishra K. B, Mishra A., Novotná K., et al. (2016). Plant Methods. 12. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-016-0145-3 • Nymark M., Sharma A. K., Sparstad T., et al. (2016). Sci. Rep. 6. DOI: 10.1038/srep24951 • Pavlovič A., Stolárik T., Nosek L., et al. (2016). BBA. 185. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.009. • Witoń D., Gawroński P., Czarnocka W., et al. (2016). Env. Exp. Bot. 130. DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.06.003.

LED Fyto-Panels • Boelee N. C., Janssen M., Temmink H. et al. (2014). J Appl Phycol. 26. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-013-0178-1

96 07 / Fluorometers

Fluorometer FL 3500 ...... 98

Double-Modulation Fluorometer FL 3500 measures chlorophyll α fluorescence. Measured fluorescence emission is excited by a set of light-emitting diodes that generate measuring flashes of few microseconds in duration and low light intensity; the photochemistry is driven by single-turnover flashes or by continuous actinic irradiance. Chlorophyll α fluorescence is detected by a PIN photodiode and digitized by a 16-bit A/D converter.

Algae Online Monitor ...... 100

Algal Online Monitor (AOM) is a portable and robust device for online detection and continuous monitoring of photosynthetic microorganisms in both natural and artificial water bodies. It detects variety of cyanobacteria, green and brown algae, diatoms, and other microbes.

REFERENCES ...... 102

97 07 / Fluorometers

Fluorometer FL 3500

Double­-Modulation Fluorometer antenna size, antenna connectivity and parameters, state transitions, or for the FL 3500 measures chlorophyll α (Chlα)-­ rapid lights curves. The major feature kinetics of photosynthetic redox reactions. -fluorescence. Measured fluorescence of this fluorometer is the capacity of The FL 3500 has two input channels. First emission is excited by a set of light-­ the instrument to generate rectangular channel is used for Chlα-fluorescence -emitting diodes that generate measuring actinic flashes of extremely high power measurements. The second channel flashes of few microseconds in duration also with 620 nm excitation light source. can be optionally used for temperature and low intensity; the photochemistry is This feature is helpful for cyanobacteria reading or dissolved oxygen probe driven by single-turnover­ flashes or by measurements. Full reduction of Q A signal measurements. FAR-LED­ unit with continuous actinic irradiance. Chlorophyll acceptor can be achieved within 25 µs and 735 nm LEDs can be optionally connected fluorescence is detected by a PIN the instrument can measure fluorescence to the SuperHead measuring unit. photodiode and digitized by a 16-bit­ A/D induction during such a single-turnover­ Thermoregulator TR 2000 or dissolved O converter. The instrument supports Pulse saturating flash. This technique is used to 2 microelectrode A/D converter are optional Amplitude Modulation measurements determine the effective antenna size of the accessories for measurements with and, at the same time, can capture Photosystem II as well as its heterogeneity SuperHead measuring unit. fast OJIP transients or perform rapid and connectivity without disturbing the

measurements of QA­- reoxidation kinetics, measured system by DCMU or other S-states.­ The fast version of FL 3500-F herbicides. Photosynthetically active allows measuring Flash Fluorescence samples, either suspensions, leaves, ^^APPLICATIONS Induction (FFI) experiments which or even corals, can be investigated for • Probing physiology of leads to a calculations of the effective their photochemical yields, quenching photoautotrophs suspensions • Measurement of efficiency of PSII Optional features Specification and accessories photochemistry • Estimation of aquatic primary ·· precise temperature control ·· range of 0 °C to +70 °C productivity Thermoregulator TR 2000 ·· accuracy of 0.1 °C • Exploring photosynthetic ·· mode of regulation constant or temperature ramp performance and metabolic ·· continuous stirring to maintain constant temperature perturbations in phytoplancton Magnetic stirrer or prevent sedimentation • Molecular biology – screening for Oxygen detector photosynthetic mutants ·· online oxygen evolution measurement with oxygen electrode • Detection of abiotic and biotic stress ·· additional external light source and stress tolerance Infra-Red LED Unit ·· peak wavelength 730 nm • Taxonomical studies ·· for correct F’0 determination • Aquatic bloom detection

98 07 / Fluorometers

^^KEY FEATURES ^^VERSIONS ^^TECHNICAL

• SuperHead measuring unit – FLUOROMETER FL 3500-S SPECIFICATION measurements performed in • Time resolution up to 4 µs • Measured fluorescence standard cuvette for sample • Detection limit 100 ng Chlα/l parameters:

suspensions of algae or • Supported fluorescence protocols: F0, FM, FV, F’0, F’M, F’V, FT cyanobacteria ·· Instantaneous fluorescence • Light Sources: - • Unified control unit for all FL 3500 ·· QA reoxidation kinetics 620 nm and 460 nm in standard versions, compatible with different ·· Kautsky effect versions; other wavelengths measuring units. ·· Quenching parameters analysis available • Four sets of LEDs: ·· Fast OJIP transient • Single Turnover Flash: ·· measuring light 1 – red ·· S-states 100,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 ·· measuring light 2 – blue (max. duration 150 µs) FLUOROMETER FL 3500-F ·· actinic light – red • Actinic Light Irradiance: • Time resolution up to 1 µs ·· single-turnover flash – red Up to 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 • Detection limit 1 mg Chlα/l • Light intensities and timings are • Custom-Defined Protocols: • Supported all standard protocols software controlled separately for Variable timing, special language • Special fluorescence protocol: each LED set with 100 ns resolution and scripts ·· Flash Fluorescence Induction (FFI) • PIN photodiode detector with 40× • A/D bit Resolution: 16 bit variable gain for signal acquisition • Detector time response: with 1MHz/16­-bit maximal accuracy 1 µs (FL 3500-F), 4 µs (FL 3500-S) • Pulse Amplitude Modulation • Communication Port: measurements RS 232 with USB port converter • Control box FL 3500 dimension: 29 × 20 × 11 cm • Measuring unit dimension: SuperHead: diameter 16 × 6 cm; • Total weight: Appr. 5 kg • Power Input: 20 W • Electrical: 90 – 240 V

^^SOFTWARE

• Creation and archivation of experimental protocols • FluorWin Wizard for automated protocols • Retrieval and export of experimental data • Data manipulation and visualization • Windows 7, or higher compatible

99 07 / Fluorometers

Algae Online Monitor

Algae Online Monitor (AOM) is ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES a portable and robust device for online detection and continuous monitoring of • Water treatment monitoring • High sensitive, flow-through photosynthetic microorganisms in both • Early detection of potentially harmful monitoring natural and artificial water bodies. It algae blooms • Detection limit 30 ng Chl/l detects variety of cyanobacteria, green • Effective control of water treatment • Wide range of detected organisms: and brown algae, diatoms, and other chemicals cyanobacteria, green and brown photosynthetic microorganisms. Its high algae, diatoms, and other sensitivity (30 ng Chl/l) allows early microorganisms detection of very low concentrations of • Variable excitation colors these organisms. • Device modifications for phycoerythrin, bacteriochlorophyll or phycocyanin (optional)

100 07 / Fluorometers

^^VERSIONS ^^MEASURED ^^TECHNICAL PARAMETERS SPECIFICATION

AOM 2800 • FT: Instantaneous Fluorescence • Measured fluorescence • QY: Quantum Yield parameters: F , QY, OJIP – Fix Area • 2 × 16 characters LC display T • OJIP – Fix Area: Total area above • Detection Limit: Algae – 10 cells/ml; the OJIP fluorescence transient. Cyanobacteria – 100 cells/ml AOM 2700 This parameter correlates with total • Actinic and Saturating change of fluorescence signal in Illumination: Adjustable from 0 to • without display OJIP protocol, with total pigment 3,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 content and hence with cell • Measuring Illumination: concentration. Blue (455 nm) and Amber (590 nm) or Red (630 nm) measuring light adjustable by intensity • Detector Wavelength Range: PIN photodiode with 660-750 nm bandpass filters • Sample Compartment: Flow­- -through cuvette made of quartz glass (diameter 20 mm) • Software: FluorPen 1.0 • Communication: Serial RS 232, RS 485 • Memory Capacity: 4 Mb – up to 100,000 data points (about 300 OJIP curves) • Power Supply: 24 V (optionally 12 V) • Power Saving Mode: Automatic • Case: IP65 • Dimensions: 20 × 23 × 11 cm • Weight: 3.4 kg

^^SOFTWARE

• Real-time data collection for online measurements • Both internal data storage and external communication • Data export to Excel for analysis or visualization applications • Windows 7, or higher compatible

101 07 / Fluorometers

^^REFERENCES

Fluorometer FL 3500 • Li G. and Campbell D. A. (2017): Photosynth Res. 131 (1): 93–103. DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0301-7 • Dao L. H. T. and Beardall J. (2016): Algal Research. 16: 150–159. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.03.006 • Ferroni L., Suorsa M., Aro, E. M., et al.(2016): New Phytol. 211 (2): 554–568. DOI: 10.1111/nph.13939 • Grama B. S., Agathos S. N. and Jeffryes C. S. (2016): ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 4 (3): 1611–1618. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01544 • Kobayashi K., Endo K. and Wada H. (2016): Front. Plant Sci. 7: 336. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00336 • Li G., Woroch A. D., Donaher N. A., Cockshutt A. M., et al. (2016): Front. Mar. Sci. 3. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2016.00218 • Murphy C. D., Ni G., Li G., et al. (2016): Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods. DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10142 • Patel V. K., Mají D., Pandey S. S., et al. (2016): Algal Research. 16: 36–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.029 • Rehman A. U., Szabó M., Deák Z., et al. (2016): New Phytol. 212 (2): 472–484. DOI: 10.1111/nph.14056 • Treves H., Raanan H., Kedem I., et al. (2016): New Phytol. 210 (4). DOI : 10.1111/nph.13870 • Volgusheva A., Kruse O., Styring S., et al. (2016): Algal Research. 18: 296–304. DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.025 • Wang J., Liu Q., Feng J., et al. (2016): Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 25 (6): 2601–2608. DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/63412 • Cheregi O., Kotabová E., Prášil O., et al. (2015): J. Exp. Bot. 66: 6461–6470. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv362 • Li, G., Brown, C. M., Jeans, J. A., et al. (2015): New Phytol. 205 (2): 533–543. DOI: 10.1111/nph.13037 • Negi S., Barry A. N., Friedland N., et al. (2015): J. Appl. Phycol. DOI 10.1007/s10811-015-0652-z • You L., He L. and Tang Y. J. (2015): J. Bacteriol. 197: 943–950. DOI: 10.1128/JB.02149-14 • Zorz J. K., Allanach J. R., Murphy C. D., et al. (2015): Life. 5: 403–417. DOI: 10.3390/life5010403

Algal Online Monitor • Houliez E., Lizon F., Thyssen M., et al. (2011): J. Plankton Res. 34: 136–151. DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbr091 • Richardson T. L., Lawrenz E., PinckneyJ. L., et al. (2010): Water Res. 44: 2461-2472. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.01.012

102 08 / Thermoluminescence Instruments

Thermoluminescence Instruments TL 500/ST, TL 500/HT, TL 500/LT ...... 104

Thermoluminescence instruments are designed to investigate structure of energetic levels in the Photosystem II. Light-induced charge separation in the Photosystem II reaction centers results in accumulation of radical pairs that store the absorbed light energy. Heating induces recombination of these radical pairs and it triggers light emission and formation of characteristic thermoluminescence glow curves.

REFERENCES ...... 106

103 08 / Thermoluminescence Instruments

Thermoluminescence Instruments TL 500/ST, TL 500/HT, TL 500/LT

PSI Thermoluminescence instruments ^^APPLICATIONS ^^KEY FEATURES are designed to investigate structure of energetic levels in the Photosystem II. • Non-invasive monitoring of the PSII • Typical samples are leaf discs, Light-induced charge separation in electron transport algal cells and cyanobacterial cells, the Photosystem II reaction centers • PSII adaptation and responses to thylakoids, or PSII preparations results in accumulation of radical pairs abiotic and biotic stresses, structural • Different wide temperature range for that store the absorbed light energy. modifications, mutations measuring in the temperature range Heating induces recombination of • Tests of herbicides cos TL allows to from -90 to +170 °C these radical pairs and it triggers probe energetic stability of reduced • Low temperature version TL500/LT light emission and formation of quinone electron acceptors contains integrated liquid nitrogen characteristic thermoluminescence • Redox reactions of PSII in thylakoid tank with software controlled glow curves. The shape and the peak membrane solenoid valve. position temperature of the different • Interpreting changes in the redox • Illumination by a Single Turnover thermoluminescence bands provide potentials of donors and acceptors Flash of user defined intensity and valuable information about the energetic on the basis of a shift in glow peak duration stability of the respective radical pairs temperature • Alternative pre-illumination by an as well as about the functioning of • Oscillation pattern of TL can denote actinic light of variable intensity and the Photosystem II reaction centers. the ‘‘S’’ state transition and can be duration at predefined temperatures Interpretation of the obtained data used for a titre of the Mn clusture of • Sensitive photomultiplier for TL glow requires a through understanding of the oxygen evolving complex peak detection charge pairs responsible for generating • Software controlled electronic different thermoluminescence bands. shutter prevents photomultiplier High-temperature thermoluminescence before damage appears as a result of accumulation • Precisely linear heating process of lipid peroxides and can be used as controlled by thermoelectric cooler a simple and efficient tool to monitor regulation in whole heating range oxidative stress in plants. • Additional air input for the controlled atmosphere inside the measuring chamber (high temperature version) • Ambient light shielding enables measurements at standard laboratory conditions

104 08 / Thermoluminescence Instruments

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ^^VERSIONS:

• Temperature Range: • Typical Sample: Algal or ·· Standard version: -25 to +70 °C cyanobacterial suspensions; Leaf TL 500/ST ·· Liquid Nitrogen version: segments • -25 to +70 °C -90 to +70 °C • Saturating Pulse Illumination: • Standard version investigates the ·· High-Temperature version: 625 nm, up to 250,000 µmol.m-2.s-1 Q,A,B1,B2,C,AG glow curve peaks -15 to +170 °C • Actinic Illumination: 625 nm, up to • Temperature Mode: 1,500 µmol.m-2.s-1 Linear temperature change: • Sensor: Photomultiplier with software TL 500/HT ·· Thermoluminescence 0.1 – 2 °C/s control of the sensitivity • -15 to +170 °C ·· Chemoluminescence 0.1 – 1 °C/s • Spectral Response: 300 – 900 nm • High temperature version for glow • Overheating Protection: Yes • Switch-On Delay: 100 ms curves peak measurements in the • Minimum Sampling Period: 100 ms • Ambient Light Protection: Yes range up to +170°C • Temperature Control: Manual • Control: Custom defined protocols (constant temperature) or with variable timing, special language Autonomous-protocol defined and scripts TL 500/LT temperature profiles. • Communication: RS232/USB • -90 to +70 °C • Sample Disc: made of gold-plated • Software: FluorWin 3.7 • Low temperature liquid nitrogen copper • Electrical: 90 V – 240 V version allows monitor Z1 glow ·· standard and low temperature curve peak (liquid nitrogen tank version: diameter 14 mm included) ·· high temperature version: diameter 22 mm

^^SOFTWARE

• Creation and saving of experimental protocols • FluorWin Wizard for comfortable protocols scripting • Retrieval and export of experimental data • Data manipulation and visualization • Windows 7, or higher compatible

105 08 / Thermoluminescence Instruments

^^REFERENCES

• Ahmadova N., Ho F., Styring S. And Mamedov F. (2017). BBA – Bioenergetics. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.02.011 • Belgio E., Trsková E., Kotabová E., et al. (2017). Photosynth Res.DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0385-8 • Ding S., Jiang R., Lu Q. et al. (2016). BBA Bioenergetics 1857(6): 665–677. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.02.011 • Zhang X., Ma F., Zhu X. Et al. (2016). Appl. Environ.Microbiol. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02952-16 • Ding S., Wen X. and Lu C. (2013). Bio-protocol 3(5): e408. http://www.bio-protocol.org/e408 • Gawronski P., Gorecka M., Bederska M. et al. (2013). J. Exp. Bot. 64: 3669-3679. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert203. • Ding S., Lei M., Lu Q. et al. (2012). BBA 1817: 1979–1991. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.06.003 • Allahverdiyeva Y., Mamedov F., Holmstrom M. et al. (2009). BBA 1787: 1230-1237. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.05.013 • Lintala M., Allahverdiyeva Y., Kangasjärvi S. et al. (2009). Plant J. 57: 1103–1115. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03753.x • Steglich C., Behrenfeld M., Koblizek M. et al. (2001). BBA 1503: 341-349. DOI: 10.1016/S0005-2728(00)00211-5

106 09 / Other Devices

Gas Mixing System GMS 150 ...... 108

Gas Mixing System GMS 150 can produce precise mixtures of up to 4 different gases. The flows of the individual input gases are measured by thermal mass flow meters and adjusted by integrated mass flow controllers.

Spectrometer SM 9000 ...... 110

Spectrometer SM 9000 is used for high-resolution and high-sensitivity measurements in fiber optic spectroscopy applications. It covers UV/VIS or NIR spectral range. SM 9000 can be used as a stand-alone instrument or as a optional enhancement of other PSI instruments for precise analysis of the spectral curves (in irradiance, absorption, emission mode).

PlanTherm PT 100 ...... 112

PlanTherm PT100 device allows fast and easy estimation of heat stability of plants. A leaf segment is immersed in a water bath with de-iononized water and gradually heated from 25°C up to 85°C, duration approx. 30 minutes. The linear heating is coupled with a continuous monitoring of changes in the conductivity of the bath.

Gas Analyzer MS GAS-100 ...... 114

MS GAS-100 is benchtop gas analyzer with sensitive mass spectrometer, highly efficient vacuum system, integrated unique Stirling cooler for water elimination and precise capilary system including modular inlets. The device presents an excellent tool for rapid and accurate real-time measurements in gaseous and/or liquid environments.

107 09 / Other Devices

Gas Mixing System GMS 150

Gas Mixing System GMS 150 can CO2) or by setting the required relative maximum total flow of 5 l/min and lower produce precise mixtures of up to composition of the final gas mixture accuracy of mixing. 4 different gases. The flows of the (2 % CO in air) and the total gas flow 2 Standard version of the GMS individual input gases are measured by (1,000 ml/min). 150­-MICRO is equipped with two thermal mass flow meters and adjusted GMS 150 can also be coupled with the channels (channel 1 for Air­-N ; channel by integrated mass flow controllers. 2 PSI Photobioreactors, Multi­-Cultivators, 2 for CO ); the maximum total flow is Before the exit connector, the gas 2 or FytoScopes. Standard version of the 2 l/min (channel 1), flow rate of channel mixture is thoroughly homogenized. The device designed for laboratory scale 2…40 ml/min. Optionally the system can input and output gas connectors are of systems (PBR FMT 150 and MC­-1000-­ be upgraded to four channels version Prestolok type allowing fast and secure -OD) enables the maximum total flow according to customer requirements. connection to a variety of tubes. of 2 l/min and maximum CO2 flow rate Preferably, the GMS 150­-MICRO is GMS 150 is typically used to control 40 ml/min. The typical GMS version intended for use with Multi­-Cultivators flow of air, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. designed for large­-scale facilities (e.g. and standard laboratory versions of Additional gases like nitrogen dioxide, PSI large­-scale Photobioreactors and Photobioreactors (FMT 150/400 and carbon monoxide, methane, ammonia, FytoScopes) allows the maximum FMT 150/1000). helium and others can also be added to total flow 20 l/min for channel 1 and simulate various technological mixtures 400 ml/min for channel 2. or smokestack gases. Newly, PSI introduces Gas Mixing ^^KEY FEATURES GMS 150 mass flow meters and System GMS 150­-MICRO ­- friendly-­ • Automatic mixing of up to 4 gases controllers can operate gas flows -priced basic version of the GMS 150. • Independent regulation of each gas ranging from 1 ml/min to 1,000 l/min. It retains all features of the GMS 150 component Flow ranges are controllable from 2 % to and the major difference is the limited • High accuracy for generating precise 100 % of total flow value. The controllers choice of gas flow meters restricted to gas mixtures of GMS 150 can be calibrated on • Rapid gas blending to generate maximum flow range according to homogeneous mixtures customer requirements. ^^APPLICATIONS • Operation in two modes: GMS 150 can be used as a stand­-alone • Research and industry ·· absolute mode: defined as instrument and operated locally via • Algae biotechnology absolute flows of individual gases front panel display. The required gas • Mixing of gases for analytical ·· relative mode: defined as relative mixture can be defined either by setting research gas concentration in % and total the absolute flows of individual gasses • Preparation of gas mixtures for flow of a mixture (e.g. 980 ml/min of air and 20 ml/min of production purposes • Short target gas value setting time

108 09 / Other Devices

^ ^^TECHNICAL ^^TECHNICAL ^REFERENCES SPECIFICATION OF SPECIFICATION OF • Van Alphen P., Hellingerf K. J. GMS 150 GMS 150 MICRO (2015): PLoS One. 10(6): 1-12. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0127715 • Measuring Principle: Thermal mass • Measuring Principle: Thermal mass • Möllers K. B., Cannella D., Jørgensen flow measurement flow measurement H., et al. (2014): Biotechnol. Biofuels. • Accuracy (Incl. Linearity): ±0.5% • Accuracy (Incl. Linearity): ±1.5 % 7(64): 1- 11. DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834- Rd plus ±0.1% FS (±1% FS for Rd plus ±0.5 % FS 7-64 ranges 3 – 5 ml/min; ±2% FS for • Minimum Possible Flow for Each • Sinetova M. A., Červený J., Zavřel T., ranges < 3 ml/min) Channel: 2 % of total flow et al. (2012): J. Biotechnol. 162(1): 148- • Minimum Possible Flow for Each • Flow Ranges: min. 0.2 – 10 ml/min 155. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.04.009 Channel: 2% of total flow max. 0.1 – 5 l/min (maximum flow • Nedbal L., Červený J., Nir K., • Flow Ranges: min. 0.02 – 1 ml/min range of controllers calibrated et al.(2010): J Ind Microbiol / max. 20 – 1,000 l/min (maximum according to customer requirements) Biotechnol. 37(12): 1319-1326. DOI: flow range of controllers calibrated • Media: Dry, clean, non-explosive 10.1007/s10295-010-0876-5 according to customer requirements) and non-corrosive gasses • Media: Dry, clean, non-explosive • Repeatability: For flows < and non-corrosive gasses 20 ml/min: ±0.5 % FS; for flows > • Control Stability: < ±0.1% FS 20 ml/min: ±0.5 % RD

(typical for 1 l/min N2) • Setting Time: 1 second • Setting Time: 1 – 2 seconds • Temperature Sensitivity: zero: < • Warm-Up Time: 30 min for optimum 0.01 % FS/°C; span: < 0.02 % FS/°C accuracy, 2 min for accuracy ± 2% FS • Attitude Sensitivity: max. error at • Temperature Sensitivity: zero: 90° off horizontal 0.5 % at 1 bar,

< 0.05% FS/°C; span: < 0.05% typical N2 FS/°C • Input Pressure: 3…5 bar (maximum • Pressure Sensitivity: 0.1%/bar operation pressure 8 bar)

typical N2 • Operating Temperature: 15 - 30 °C • Attitude Sensitivity: max. error at • Input / Output Connectors: Parker 90° off horizontal 0.2 % at 1 bar, Prestolok (6 mm)

typical N2 • Seals: Viton • Input Pressure: 3 bar – 5 bar • Display: 8 × 21 characters LC • Operating Temperature: 15 – 50 °C display • Input / Output Connectors: Parker • Dimension: 37 cm× 28 cm× 5 cm Prestolok (6 mm) • Weight: 5 kg • Seals: Viton • Power Supply: 115…230 VAC • Display: 8 × 21 characters LC display • Dimension: 37 × 28 × 15 cm • Weight: 7 kg • Power Supply: 115 – 230 VAC

109 09 / Other Devices

Spectrometer SM 9000

The Spectrometer SM 9000 is of the instrument allows measuring ^^APPLICATIONS used for high-resolution and high- fluorescence emission spectra of sensitivity measurements in fiber optic individual cells when combined with • Precise irradiance spectra spectroscopy applications in the UV/VIS our µ-FluorCam device. The spectra measurements to NIR range. It can be used as a stand- can be measured in the range from UV • Fluorescence emission spectra alone instrument or as an optional (200 nm) to NIR (980 nm) with resolution measurements enhancement of other PSI instruments of 3.5 nm (FWHM). Fast recording can • Spectrally Resolved Fluorescence for precise analysis of the spectral capture as many as 300 spectra per Induction curves (irradiance, absorption, emission). second (external trigger input) with data Very high sensitivity and thermal stability resolution of 16 bits.

^^KEY FEATURES

• Very high sensitivity and thermal stability • Suitable for microspectrophotometry • Sensors individually spectrally calibrated with Hg-Ar-lamp for high accuracy measurements • Dark signal subtraction • Robust and modular design • Very low temperature – induced drift • Multicolor LED light source as optional accessory • Spectrum v. 2.0 software for spectra presentation and acquisition control • Variable exposure time, from 3 milliseconds to minutes. • connection with PSI FluorCams and Fluorometers for synchronization of measured spectra with light flashes

110 09 / Other Devices

^^SPECTROMETER ^^SOFTWARE CONTROL ^^TECHNICAL

MEASURES • online data presentation as SPECIFICATION • transmittance transmittance / absorbance /scope • Optical Entrance: diameter • absorbance graphs 0.5 NA = 0.22 mounted in SMA-­ • irradiance • reference signal acquisition -coupling, dismountable • fluorescence spectra • button click / external trigger • Entrance Slit: 70 × 1,400 µm (optical acquisition control entrance) • LED light source color and intensity • Grating: Flat-field correction control • Spectral Range: 200 – 980 nm • Wavelength Accuracy Absolute: < 0.5 nm • Reproducibility: < 0.1 nm • Temperature – Induced Drift: < 0.01 nm/K • Spectral Distance of Pixel: Δλ pixel ≈ 0.8 nm • FWHM (Full Width Half Maximum): Δλ < 3 – 4 nm (UV-NIR Version) • Straylight: 0.1 % measured at 340 nm with deuterium lamp

(transmission of NaNO2 solution, 50 g/l, 1 cm) • CCD Array: Thermoelectrically cooled Hamamatsu S 7031 • Number of Pixels: 1,044 × 64 • Dimensions of Pixels: 24 × 24 mm2 • System Data: 16 Bit A/D conversion • Noise: 2 – 4 count standard deviation

^^REFERENCES

• Cheregi O., Kotabová E., Prášil O., et al. (2015): J. Exp. Bot. 66: 6461–6470. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv362 • Li G., Brown C. M., Jeans J. A., et al. (2015): New Phytol. 205: 533–543. DOI:10.1111/nph.13037 • Kotabová E., Jarešová J., Káňa R., et al. (2014): Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Bioenerg. 1837(6): 734-743. DOI: 10.1016/j. bbabio.2014.01.012 • Káňa R., Kotabová E., Sobotka R., et al. (2012): PLoS One 7(1): 1-12. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029700 • Káňa R., Kotabová E., Komárek O., et al. (2012): Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1817(8): 1237-1247. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.02.024 • Quigg A., Kotabová E., Jarešová J., et al. (2012): PLoS One 7(10): 1-12. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0047036 • Šebela D., Olejníčková J., Župčanová A., et al. (2012): Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis. 60(8): 229-238. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260080229

111 09 / Other Devices

PlanTherm PT 100

PlanTherm PT 100 device allows fast PlanTherm PT 100 is provided with ^^KEY FEATURES and easy estimation of heat stability of built-in Mini-PC unit with preinstalled plants. A plant segment is immersed in Windows 7 (or higher version) operating • Sample chamber for small up to a water bath with deionized water and system, which offers intelligent and middle site leaves or leaf segments gradually (linearly) heated (25 – 75 °C, intuitive user-interface. ProfileCon • Precisely controlled gradual (linear) duration approx. 30 minutes). During graphical user interface allows to setup heating of plant segments with the the heating, changes in the conductivity experiment, analyze data and export slope up to 3 °C/min of the bath are continuously monitored. measured curves to textual output file. • Accurate temperature The measured conductivity-temperature Plots of currently running experiment, measurements (±0.02 °C) within the curve enables to determine the measured raw data and analyzed results range of 20 – 85 °C exact threshold temperature when can be displayed on the main screen. • High accuracy conductivity leakage of ions from cells occurs. measurement within The threshold temperature is taken 0.01 – 1,000 µS/cm as a measure of the heat stability of ^^APPLICATIONS • Measurement of the minimal plants. Simultaneous detection of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity

chlorophyll a fluorescence intensity • Fast estimation of both the (F0 level) (so called minimal fluorescence constitutive and inducible heat • Compact device including

level – F0) during the heating provides tolerance of plants measuring unit, magnetic stirrer, information on heat stability of primary • Thermal stability of plants thermoregulator and mini computer photosynthetic processes in the plant • Stress tolerance and acclimation in one case material. PlanTherm device is designed responses • Built-in scripting (R environment) for analysis of various plant material • Photosynthetic research language allows custom analysis of ranging from small up to middle size • Detection of biotic and abiotic stress measured responses leaves or leaf segments. • Plant’s resistance or susceptibility to stress factors

• Agriculture and horticulture

112 09 / Other Devices

^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Measured Fluorescence Parameters: • Temperature Control Range: • Mini PC Configuration:

F0, Fluorescence/Temperature curve 20 – 75 °C Intel NUC Golden Lake D33217GKE with up to 4 fluorescence critical points • Water Bath Volume: 7 ml i3-3217-U 1.8 GHz; min 90 GB SSD estimation • Conductivity Measurement HD, 2 GB DDR3 RAM • Measured Conductivity Parameters: Resolution : 0.01 µS • Dimensions: 5 × 20 × 20 cm Conductivity/Temperature curve with • Temperature Measurement • Total Weight: 2 kg conductivity critical point estimation Resolution: 0.01 °C • Power Input: Max. 70 W • Fluorescence Module Excitation • Stirrer Frequency: 0 – 2,000 RPM • Electrical: 90 – 240 V Light Sources: • Data Sampling Frequency: 2 Hz 460 nm for both the saturation light • Typical Samples:

and FT measuring pulse; individual Detached leaf segments of maximum intensity settings size 0.5 × 2 cm • Protocols: • Analysis: Custom defined linear heating Predefined R script for critical point (1 – 3 °C/min) in defined temperature searching; analysis scripts free for range custom modification

^^SOFTWARE

• Preinstalled Windows 7 (or higher version) operation system • ProfileCon control and visualization software • R software environment for running the custom analysis on measured signals

113 09 / Other Devices

MS GAS -100

Compact bench­-top gas analyzer controlled Stirling cooler ensures highly and safety valves. Supplementary, with mass spectrometry detection efficient suppression of water molecules programmed automatic functions MS GAS­-100 is designed for complex background and significantly enhances facilitate routine measurements by analyses of gases and volatiles including ion source lifetime. This unique freezing predefined sequence of actions isotopes, solvents and volatile organics. system allows continuous weeks­-long including valve operation based on operation. Moreover temperature of signal from pressure sensors. Mass Mass analyses of volatiles are water trap can be defined by user and spectrometer tuning and acquisition performed using mass spectrometer it enables to monitor special volatile of measured data are performed via PrismaPlus™ QMG 220 M1 based on species (e.g. ethanol). software Quadera which enables also open or closed ion source with electron writing special, user defined protocols impact, two independent filaments The integral part of MS GAS­-100 tailored for analyses of desired species. and single quadruple mass analyzer is a modular inlet port. It supports with variable mass ranges of 1­-100, interchangeable permeable membrane 1­-200 and 1­-300 amu. Two types of probe or needle valve inlets. Membrane ^^APPLICATIONS detectors are available for the system: probe inlet allows small levels of the Farraday detector with sensitivity lower dissolved species to pass through it; this MS GAS-100 analyzer is intended than 10 ppm and Secondary electron type of inlet is suitable for liquid samples for numerous applications in multiplier (SEM) detector with sensitivity as well as for analysis in gaseous biotechnology and bioenergetics:

lower than 100 ppb. The exceptional environments. Needle valve inlet is • Photosynthesis and respiration (CO2,

sensitivity of MS GAS­-100 is conditioned designed for direct measurements of O2)

by a highly effective vacuum pumping volatiles in gaseous samples. • Nitrogen fixing species (N2, ethylene) system, additional heating element • Biofuels (H , ethanol, hydrocarbons) MS GAS­-100 is equipped with a high 2 integrated in a vacuum chamber and • Photorespiration with labeled 18O vacuum pressure sensor to determine 2 a unique water trapping module. • Isotopic distribution analysis total pressure in vacuum chamber and The effective high vacuum can be inlet pressure sensor to ensure mass Typical analysis examples: reached owing to the tuned cooperation spectrometer protection. • Air and water pollution of two pumps, the backup diaphragm (environmental studies) Intuitive operation of the device is pump MVP and turbo­-molecular pump • Gas pollutants (CH , H S, NO , SO , available via integrated touch screen 4 2 x 2 HiPace SplitFlow. Thermostated CS , CO, …) monitor. It supports manual mode 2 heating element performs vacuum • Volatile organics, solvents (benzene, with possibility to set temperature chamber baking for clean­-up of toluene, acetone, …) of heating/cooling system and undesirable impurities inside the mass opening/closing inlet, split­-flow spectrometer. Finally, electronically

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^^KEY FEATURES ^^TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

• Measurement of gas exchange • Measurement principles: • Cooling system: states in gaseous and liquid samples Online measurements of gases, Integrated cooler water freezing trap – volatile organics and/or solvents minimal attainable temperature -80 °C • Long-term measurements of multiple • Mass analyzer: Electronic control gases and volatile species by Residual gas analyzer (RGA) • Pressure sensors: a single device PrismaPlus (Pfeiffer Vacuum, Asslar, High vacuum pressure sensor for • Accurate, sensitive and rapid Germany) measurement of total pressure in measurements Mass range available: 1–100 amu, mass spec chamber 1–200 amu, 1–300 amu Inlet pressure sensor for protection of • Membrane based inlet or needle • Ion source: mass spectrometer valve inlet for atmospheric Open or closed version • Integrated touch screen: measurements and/or special Two independent filaments (material: System control and actual readings gaseous and liquid applications yttriated iridium) • BIOS: Upgradeable firmware • Compact design with modular inlet Electron impact • Communication port: Ethernet structures and multiple interface • Detectors: TCP/IP options for gas exchange analysis Response time: < 20 seconds • External PC: Notebook with software on whole plant level or on cell • Farraday sensitivity: < 10 ppm Quadera for mass spectrometer suspensions • Secondary electron multiplier (SEM) tuning and acquisition of measured sensitivity: < 100 ppb data • Highly efficient removal of water • Vacuum system: • Dimensions: 54.5 × 72 × 45.5 cm molecules by Stirling cooler water Turbomolecular pump HiPace • Total weight: 65 kg trap for significant enhancement of SplitFlow (Pfeiffer Vacuum, Asslar, • Electrical: 110 – 230 V AC ion source lifetime Germany), Diaphragm backing • User friendly software interface pump MVP (Pfeiffer Vacuum, Asslar, based on Quadera software Germany) • Inlet options: • Numerous applications for Membrane probe (PDMS default), biotechnology of plants, algae, Needle valve yeasts, bacteria and others, for • Heating system: biochemical methods, environmental Thermostat heating element 100 W – analysis and many other related maximal attainable temperature 90 °C fields

^^REFERENCES

• Zavřel T., Knoop H., Steuer R. et al. (2016): Bioresour. Technol. 202: 142–151. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.062 • Zavřel T., Červený J., Knoop H. et al. (2016): Bioengineered. 7(6): 490-496. DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1207017

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PLANTSCREEN™ PHENOTYPING SYSTEMS ...... 118

PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems are designed for integrative phenotyping on temporal and spatial level. They can be optimized for numerous plant morphologies and structures – from Arabidopsis to manifold crop plants. The PlantScreen™ system can be configured for single pots, multiple pots or trays, providing flexibility of use with numerous different species, or with a single species throughout its growth cycle.

PlantScreen™ SC Systems ...... 122

PlantScreen™ SC Systems are bench top solutions for the automated high- precision plant image-based monitoring of small and mid-size scale plants (e.g. Arabidopsis, young tobacco and crop plants). Compact design systems for low-throughput applications with manual sample loading, which can integrate different imaging sensors for comprehensive automated plant morphological and physiological phenotyping. The PlantScreen™ SC Systems are configurable and easy-to-move if relocation of the unit is necessary.

PlantScreen™ Compact Systems ...... 124

PlantScreen™ Compact System is conveyor-based integrated robotic solution for high-precision digital plant phenotyping and plant cultivation of small and mid-size scale plants (e.g. Arabidopsis). The transport of plants is carried out on trays with different lid patterns adapted for single or multiple plants. Digital data are acquired typically from top and side views.

PlantScreen™ Modular Systems ...... 126

PlantScreen™ Modular System is integrated robotic solution for high- precission digital plant phenotyping and plant cultivation of mid-scale size up to large plants (e.g. corn, wheat) in greenhouse or semi-controlled environment. Single-pots are in transporation disks or multiple-pots in transportation trays carried from cultivation area towards imaging units and irrigation stations. Digital data are acquired typically from top and multiple-angle side views.

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PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ and Transect XZ Systems ...... 128

PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ System and Transect XZ System incorporate a number of sensors for imaging of plant morphometric and physiological parameters in sensor-to-plant concept. The XYZ robotic arm is carrying the imaging apparatus directly to the given plant and based on user-defined protocol performs the measurements. Robotic arms of the XYZ system can be constructed to meet whatever specifications required.

PlantScreen™ Field Systems ...... 130

PlantScreen™ Field System allows the user to monitor numerous aspects of plant growth, development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses in the plants’ natural environment. The field systems can be designed and configured to meet the users specific requirements with respect to the size and morphology of plants screened and the dimensions of the target field area.

PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems in Controlled Environments ...... 132

PSI designs and builds high-capacity growth chambers (FytoScopes) which allow researchers to program controlled growing conditions, with accurate measurements and regulation of temperature, irradiation cycles and relative humidity. Phenotypical monitoring of plants in controlled and programmable environment provides the opportunity to monitor plant growth and plant physiological status in precisely defined and reproducible conditions.

REFERENCES ...... 133

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PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems

PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems The PlantScreen™ System is modular are designed for automated high- and designed so that you can add ^^APPLICATIONS throughput monitoring and quantification features as your screening requirements • High­-throughput screening of plant architecture and performance evolve. Currently these types of • Morphology and growth assessment at high precision in controlled PlantScreen™ Systems are available: • Nutrient management environments, greenhouses and fields. –– PlantScreen™ SC Systems • Photosynthetic performance The PlantScreen™ platform can be • Abiotic and biotic stress responses configured for single pots, multiple –– PlantScreen™ Compact Systems • Trait identification pots or trays, providing flexibility of –– PlantScreen™ Modular Systems • Chemical screening use with various species ranging from • Ecotoxicology Arabidopsis to manifold crop plants. –– PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ • Nutrient effect and Transect XZ Systems PSI PlantScreen™ Phenotyping • Pathogen interaction Systems are designed for monitoring –– PlantScreen™ Field Systems of numerous aspects of plant growth, In addition PlantScreen™ Phenotyping development and response to biotic Systems in Controlled Environment and abiotic stresses. PlantScreen™ are manufactured to allow phenotypical systems can be configured to meet monitoring of plant growth and plant the users specific requirements with physiological status in precisely controlled respect to the size and number of plants and programmable environment. screened, as well as the environmental conditions to which they are exposed. The PlantScreen™ incorporates a number of instruments for imaging plant morphometric and physiological parameters, as well as an acclimatization chamber that may be used to equilibrate plants under controlled conditions, or even for plant cultivation. Dicotyledonous plants as small as Arabidopsis seedlings, and monocotyledonous plants as large as mature corn plants, have been studied using these systems.

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^^PLANTSCREEN™ SYSTEMS MEASURE

• Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics balance the opposing requirements of LED illumination with two central Chlorophyll fluorescence is popular drought avoidance and self-cooling wavelengths – 940 and 1450 nm (other technique in plant physiology used is critical to the survival of crops wavelength within the camera spectral for rapid non-invasive measurement under extreme conditions. Variations range can be optionally used). Camera of photosystem II (PSII) activity. PSII in mechanisms for self-cooling may utilizes natural spectral characteristics activity is very sensitive to range allow certain plants to better withstand of the water – absorption peak at of biotic and abiotic factors and periods of high irradiance and low 1450 nm. State of the art design therefore chlorophyll fluorescence water availability. High performance combining two measurements for technique is used as rapid indicator industrial infrared cameras are used water absorption and reference of photosynthetic performance of that can be implemented both in top wavelengths enables elimination of plants in different developmental and side view configuration, depending surrounding light and shadow effects, stages and/or in response to changing on system configuration. also quantification is supported with environment. Systems developped watering and weighting data to assess • Hyperspectral imaging by PSI monitor fluorescence kinetics water use efficiency and response Hyperspectral imaging has been used in pulse-amplitude modulated mode, to drought stress This design allows for many years to study patterns of which provides a wealth of information estimation of water content throughout plant growth from satellite imaging. about a plant’s photosynthetic experimental measurements. This technology has been refined in capacity, physiological and metabolic PSI’s PlantScreen™ Phenotyping • 3D reconstruction condition, as well as its susceptibility Systems to provide 3-dimensional 3D laser scanner used in the to various stress conditions. hyperspectral data sets of plants PlantScreen™ Systems is designed for • Morphometric and RGB analysis on a pixel by pixel basis in spectral precise structural plant phenotyping. Wide range number of features linked range from 400 to 2,500 nm. Using With the use of top and side scanning to plant growth and development can a hyperspectral camera with image the precise plant 3D model is merged be extracted from digital color RGB analysis software, plant reflective together. Based on the meshed imaging or 3D scanning technology, indices can be visualized across the models the automatic data analysis when connected to the automatic entire surface of the imaged sample(s). offers computations of a range of software analysis. RGB digital imaging These indices may be correlated with morphological parameters. For the applied in high resolution is used for numerous physiological conditions , best understanding of plant physiology in-depth analysis of plant morphology, as well as the biochemical status of the data from chlorophyll fluorescence architecture and color index analysis. the plant or leaf with respect to the measurement or from the colored Industrial high performance cameras chlorophyll or pigment composition, CCD cameras are fitted to the 3D with a Gbit Ethernet connection are water status or cell structure. model. Systems are specifically and mounted on robotic arm together with Hyperspectral cameras for both visible individually set up according the the white LED light source to ensure (VNIR) and short-wavelength infrared customers needs. high speed data transfer and precise region (SWIR) of the spectrum are • Watering and weighing station color separation. available. The cameras are mounted High-precission irrigation system on robotic stage with dedicated • Thermal imaging is integral part of the system for illumination source for homogenous Thermal cameras captures information programable delivery of both water sample illumination. Full spectral in long-wavelenth infrared part of and nutrients to the plants throughout scan across the entire spectral range spectrum. Infrared radiation refers growth and/or measurement cycles. of the camera for each pixel of the to the temperature of the imaged Watering and nutrient delivery may be image can be acquired, optionally object and therefore can be used combined with automated weighing specific wavelengths of interest can be for non-invasively measurement of of plants in pots so that specific recorded that may be correlated with, actual leaf and plant temperature. watering regimes may be programmed for example, leaf nitrogen status, or the The temperature of the plant can be in software. These regimes may be production of anthocyanin to protect used as indicator of plant water-use used to impose drought stress or Photosystem II under high light stress. efficiency, which relates to stomatal waterlogging of varying degrees of conductance and transpiration. Leaf • Near-infrared (NIR) imaging severity, imposed rapidly or gradually. temperature assesment is important The NIR imaging station consists Schemes for watering to exact volume, for assessing a plant’s responses of camera with InGaAs sensor relative volume or predefined weight to heat load and water deprivation. sensitive in near-infrared waveband can be pre-defined for single plants or Regulation of stomatal aperture to (900 – 1700 nm) and ultra-homogenous groups of plants.

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^^SOFTWARE

• Comprehensive software package • RGB digital growth analysis from • PlantScreen™ Scheduler Client – control of all mechanical and imaging 3 camera views, including thresholding graphical control software for fully parts of the system, data acquisition, and color analysis automated control of the whole image analysis and data base PlantScreen™ System • For chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, configuration software allows batch analysis of • PlantScreen™ Server and • Default protocols for all measurements, images for quenching parameters, PlantScreen™ Database – central with development kit to allow the user including user­-identified regions of database interface for all software to create customized protocols interest and averaging of pixel values components on background subtracted images. • Automated control of pot/tray • PlantScreen™ Data Analyzer – Analyzed data are stored in the movement and activation of single graphical interface for filtering, database with co­-registration of raw imaging stations depending on the visualization and export of image-­ image data and analyzed data requirement of the experiment -analysis data • For NIR imaging, 16 bit heat bitmaps • Individual imaging areas can be are exportable directly to MATLAB or selected to suit the sample size and utilized by vendor software to produce configuration false color images of temperature

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^^KEY FEATURES

• Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetic Imaging

• Morphometric and RGB Analysis

• Thermal Imaging

• Hyperspectral Imaging

• NIR Imaging

• Automated Watering and Nutrient Regimes

• Automated Weighing

• Light Adaptation Tunnel in Controlled Environment

• Environmental Control in the Imaging Cabinet

• Integrated environmental sensors

• Automated Database­-Based QR code or RFID Reading

• Open database structure

• Comprehensive software package

• Integrated environmental sensors

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PlantScreen™ SC Systems

PlantScreen™ SC Systems are of the light­-isolated imaging cabinet complete stand­-alone self contained and automatically scored with given ^^SOFTWARE (SC) robotic bench top solutions for the digital sensor in user­-defined intervals. • Comprehensive software package automated high­-precision plant image-­ Multi­-sensoric digital data are typically for system control, data acquisition, -based monitoring of small and mid­-size acquired from top view. Unique QR- image analysis and data base scale plants (e.g. Arabidopsis, young code or RFID identifiers are used for configuration tobacco and crop plants). Compact plant identification. • Species specific analysis design systems for low­-throughput Various types of imaging sensors can • Open database structure applications with manual sample be integrated in the PlantScreen™ • Remote access loading. The platform incorporates SC Systems. Currently hyperspectral • Automatic SMS and email various modules for digital analysis of imaging camera, thermal imaging notification service plant growth dynamics and physiological camera and kinetic chlorophyll • Online environmental monitoring performance, dedicated illumination fluorescence imaging camera with • 24-hour online support service source for light adaptation of plants possibility of built in RGB morphometric prior and/or during the analysis and imaging unit are available for integration for plant short­-term cultivation under into the automated PlantScreen™ SC defined conditions. The PlantScreen™ System. All data acquired from imaging SC Systems are configurable and sensors are in raw format and processed ^^KEY FEATURES easy-to-move if relocation of the unit is format stored in an SQL database and necessary. • Bench top compact design are in range of minute after recording • Manual sample loading PlantScreen™ SC System is designed available for further analysis. All raw • LED light/dark adaptation box for digital phenotyping of small and mid-­ and processed data files are directly • Configurable imaging sensors -size scale plants up to 40 cm in height accessible and therefore can be easily • Durable and easy-to-move design (Arabidopsis thaliana, strawberries, turf analyzed by user­-defined processing • Integrated environmental sensors grass, young soybean, tobacco, corn scripts. • Open database structure plants, etc.) and can be configured • Comprehensive software package for single or multiple pots in tray, providing flexibility of use with various species grown in vitro or in soil. Plants in trays are manually placed inside

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Furthermore suite of environmental sensors (humidity, temperature, light intensity, light quality) can be implemented inside of the PlantScreen™ SC System. The physiological parameters deduced from the measurements acquired by imaging units can be correlated with the environmental parameters acquired from a number of environmental sensors implemented within the phenotyping unit.

Comprehensive software package has been developed for system control, data acquisition, image analysis and database configuration. User friendly graphical interface is designed to control all hardware system components actions, to control and monitor environmental conditions and to design experiments with an extremely high level of flexibility. High-­ -end industrial PC with touch screen is used for system control. Scheduling assistant with calendar function allows running multiple experiments simultaneously, provides different modes for experiment randomization, for treatment per plant or group of plants with different experimental protocols and plant handling regimes including dark/light adaptation.

All acquired imaging and environmental data are stored in an SQL database, processed and available for inspection and further analysis in range of seconds after recording via user­-friendly graphical interface. PlantScreen™ Data Analyzer provides tools for data browsing, grouping, analysis, user-­ -defined reprocessing and export. Multiple clients can be connected to the database, with different privileges assigned based on a built­-in authentication mechanism. A SMS and mail notification service is integral part of the complete phenotyping system.

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PlantScreen™ Compact Systems

PlantScreen™ Compact System is Sensors available for the PlantScreen™ Key feature for high-throughput and conveyor-based integrated robotic Compact System are: reproducible plant phenotyping is solution designed for digital phenotyping control of suitable growth conditions, –– RGB digital color imaging and cultivation of small and mid-size maintenance of precise irrigation –– Kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence scale plants up to 40 cm in height regime and adaptation of plants prior imaging (Arabidopsis thaliana, strawberries, physiological phenotyping. Equilibration –– Hypespectral imaging in visible turfgrass, young soybean, tobacco, corn of plants to user-defined environmental and/or near-infrared region plants, etc.). Automated transport of conditions prior phenotyping is –– Thermal imaging plants is carried out on trays that can critically important when imaging –– 3D Scanning and modelling be adapted to carry different patterns leaf temperature and chlorophyll –– Near Infra-Red (NIR) imaging for single or multiple plants grown in fluorescence kinetics, since data are individual pots or in vitro (e.g. multiwell The platform may incorporate various dependent on irradiance conditions. plates) providing flexibility of use with modules for digital analysis of plant PlantScreen™ Compact System can numerous different species, or with growth dynamics and physiological be implemented inside of high-capacity a single species throughout its growth performance, an acclimatization growth chambers to allow program cycle. Multi-sensoric digital data are chamber that may be used to equilibrate controlled growing conditions, with acquired typically from top and side plants under controlled conditions, or accurate measurements and regulation views. for plant cultivation, and a transportation of temperature, irradiation cycles system for automated delivery of plants The PlantScreen™ Compact System and relative humidity. Additional LED to the imaging stations. An external is designed for the automated plant lightning solutions can be implemented transportation system and/or loading handling, plant imaging and the to improve lighting regime of the plants station can be implemented to move precise irrigation scheme at the level grown in greenhouse environment. plants between a cultivation area and of individual plant or group of plants. Light and dark adaptation tunnel for compartment with imaging stations. The configuration is optimized for the plant acclimation prior physiological Combined weighing/watering station controlled environment and greenhouse phenotyping is key feature of our is implemented for precise irrigation applications and can be customized phenotyping platforms. or nutrient delivery schemes. Unique in terms of throughput and range of QR-code or RFID identifiers are used for integrated digital sensors according plant identification. to the research needs. The system is modular and designed so that additional features may be added as the user´s screening requirements evolve.

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Adaptation tunnel consists of Furthermore pack of environmental Scheduling assistant with calendar multichannel LEDs with programmable sensors (humidity, temperature, light function allows running multiple interface for defining desired light intensity, light quality) is available experiments simultaneously, provides regime and spectral quality. The precise for the PlantScreen™ Phenotyping different modes for experiment setting of light intensity is programmable Systems. The physiological parameters randomization, for treatment per in smooth steps, with the maxima of deduced from the measurements plant or group of plants with different 2,000 µmol.m-2.s-1. acquired by imaging units can be experimental protocols and plant correlated with the environmental handling regimes including dark/light High-precission irrigation system parameters acquired from a number of adaptation or watering or nutrient is integral part of the system for environmental sensors implemented delivery schemes. programable delivery of both water and within the phenotyping unit. nutrients to the plants throughout growth All acquired imaging, environmental and and/or measurement cycles. Watering Comprehensive software package has watering/weighing data are stored in an and nutrient delivery may be combined been developed for system control, SQL database, processed and available with automated weighing of plants in data acquisition, image analysis for inspection and further analysis pots so that specific watering regimes and data base configuration. User in range of seconds after recording may be programmed in software. These friendly graphical interface is designed via user-friendly graphical interface. regimes may be used to impose drought to control all hardware system PlantScreen™ Analyzer provides tools stress or waterlogging of varying components actions, to control and for data browsing, grouping, analysis, degrees of severity, imposed rapidly or monitor environmental conditions user-defined reprocessing and export. gradually. Schemes for watering to exact and to design experiments with an Multiple clients can be connected volume, relative volume or predefined extremely high level of flexibility. High- to the database, with different weight can be pre-defined for single end industrial PC with touch screen is privileges assigned based on a built-in plants or groups of plants. used for system control. authentication mechanism. A SMS and mail notification service is integral part of the complete phenotyping system. ^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE 24-hour online support service is key component of the PlantScreen™ • Plant-to-sensor concept • Comprehensive software package phenotyping solution. • Multiple imaging sensors for system control, data acquisition, • LED light/dark adaptation chamber image analysis and data base • Flexible transportation tray format configuration • Precise irrigation schemes • Randomization of measurements • Suitable for phenotyping of small up • Species specific analysis to mid-size scale plants • Open database structure • Modular customized solutions • Remote access • Open database structure • Automatic SMS and email • Integrated environmental sensors notification service • Comprehensive software package • Online environmental monitoring • 24-hour online support service

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PlantScreen™ Modular Systems

PlantScreen™ Modular System is while other plants are growing on the stations. Manual handling zone is integrated robotic solution for high-­ buffer and are scored in automated defined for plant manual management, -precission digital plant phenotyping mode for example ones a day. sample handling, plant loading or and plant cultivation of larger plants treatment. The phenotyping system The configuration is optimized for semi-­ like maize, rice or wheat throughout the incorporates sensors for measurement -controlled environment and greenhouse entire life cycle. Single pot is placed in of ambient conditions including applications and can be customized a transport disk, which can be equipped temperature, relative humidity, PAR in terms of throughput and range of with different types of inserts to irradiance and spectral quality of the integrated digital sensors according accomodate pots of different sizes. light. to the research needs. PlantScreen™ The system can be integrated Systems are complete phenotyping Key feature for high­-throughput and in existing greenhouse or semi-­ solutions used for plant handling and reproducible plant phenotyping is -controlled environment. Single-pots­ non­-invasive comprehensive and control of suitable growth conditions, are in transportation disks carried from reproducible assessment of various maintenance of precise irrigation cultivation area towards imaging units and plant traits throughout the time. regime and adaptation of plants prior irrigation stations. The inner disk format physiological phenotyping. Equilibration The platform may incorporate various is modular providing flexibility of use of plants to user­-defined environmental modules for digital analysis of plant with numerous different species, or with conditions is critically important when growth dynamics and physiological a single species throughout its growth imaging leaf temperature and chlorophyll performance, an acclimatization cycle. Multi-sensoric­ digital data are fluorescence kinetics, since data are chamber that may be used to equilibrate acquired typically from top and side views. dependent on irradiance conditions. plants under controlled conditions, and The equipment is designed for a transportation system for automated plant cultivation and growth, plant delivery of plants to the imaging management, automated movement, stations, manual handling zone and to monitoring of environment parameters irrigation and nutrient delivery units. and plant randomization in the growth Unique QR-code or RFID identifiers buffer. Area for manual loading of plants are used for plant identification. Plants into the system is implemented which are cultivated on the transportation allows manual loading and scoring of buffer system and transported inside a subset of plants while automated and between the cultivation area and scoring is in stand­-by or waiting mode. rating area with adaptation tunnel and This feature allows the user to test, imaging units, and application area analyse and score for a subset of plants with automated weighing and watering

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PlantScreen™ Modular System Furthermore comprehensive suite randomization, for treatment per integrates light and dark adaptation of environmental sensors (humidity, plant or group of plants with different tunnel for plant acclimation prior temperature, light intensity, light quality) experimental protocols and plant physiological phenotyping, which is available for the PlantScreen™ handling regimes including dark/light is key feature of our phenotyping Phenotyping Systems. The physiological adaptation or watering or nutrient platforms. Adaptation tunnel consists of parameters deduced from the delivery schemes. multichannel LED´s with programmable measurements acquired by imaging units interface for defining desired light can be correlated with the environmental All acquired imaging, environmental and regime and specral quality. The precise parameters acquired from a number of watering/weighing data are stored in an setting of light intensity is programmable environmental sensors implemented SQL database, processed and available in smooth steps, with the maxima of within the phenotyping unit. for inspection and further analysis 2,000 µmol.m-2.s-1. Adaptation tunnel in range of seconds after recording Comprehensive software package has is located upstream of the imaging via user­-friendly graphical interface. been developed for system control, stations. The tunnel is constructed PlantScreen™ Data Analyzer provides data acquisition, image analysis and as a light isolated box with double tools for data browsing, grouping, database configuration. User friendly automatic light­-tight entrance and exit analysis, user­-defined reprocessing graphical interface is designed to doors. The adaptation tunnel is designed and export. Multiple clients can be control all hardware system components for both light and dark adaptation of connected to the database, with actions, to control and monitor the plants prior reaching the imaging different privileges assigned based on environmental conditions and to design stations. The adaptation tunnel may a built­-in authentication mechanism. experiments with an extremely high be designed to accommodate one, or An SMS and mail notification service level of flexibility. High­-end industrial several lines of plants to allow dark or is integral part of the complete PC with touch screen is used for light plant adaptation ranging from a few phenotyping system. 24­-hour online system control. Scheduling assistant minutes to tens of minutes. support service is key component of the with calendar function allows running PlantScreen™ phenotyping solution. High­-precission irrigation system multiple experiments simultaneously, is integral part of the system for provides different modes for experiment programable delivery of both water and nutrients to the plants throughout growth and/or measurement cycles. ^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE Watering and nutrient delivery may be • Tailored solutions for large plants • Comprehensive software package combined with automated weighing of • Multiple imaging sensors for system control, data acquisition, plants in pots so that specific watering • Turning tables for 360° view imaging image analysis and data base regimes may be programmed in • LED light/dark adaptation tunnel configuration software. These regimes may be used to • Precise irrigation and nutrient • Randomization of measurements impose drought stress or waterlogging delivery schemes • Species specific analysis of varying degrees of severity, imposed • Integrated environmental sensors • Open database structure rapidly or gradually. Water application • Open database structure • Remote access is gentle, without spillage or splashing • Comprehensive software package • Automatic SMS and email of soil, and is adjustable for the different notification service pot sizes. Schemes for watering to exact • Online environmental monitoring volume, relative volume or predefined • 24-hour online support service weight can be pre­-defined for single plants or groups of plants.

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PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ and Transect XZ Systems

PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ and universal growth tables that can include Simplified version of the PlantScreen™ Transect XZ Systems are designed for exchangable grid format for various Robotic XYZ System is Transect XZ plant cultivation and growth, automated types of trays and pots for soil grown Systems, which automatically scans movement, monitoring of environment plants, it can include holder formats plants along two meters long transect. parameters and programmable for screening of plants grown in vitro Transect System is integrated robotic randomization of plant phenotyping (e.g. in multi-well plates) or optionally XZ solution that can be transported e.g. protocol on single and multiple plant hydroponic tables can be used for plant from one greenhouse compartment to level. Automated robotic arm is build cultivation. other according to the screening needs. above growth space for transportation Typically, it is used to scan large sets PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ System may and delivery of imaging sensors of plants in high throughput screening be programmed to move the imaging across a given area. Robotic system is or it can monitor plants affected by array sequentially between the pre- moving laterally (X direction), in height stress gradient. It can also be favorably defined locations and measure a variety (Z direction), and in XYZ systems also used for analysis of multiple samples in of morphological and physiological vertically (Y direction). The XZ/XYZ arm large growth trays. The most common parametres in defined intervals. The is operating in sensor-to-plant concept configuration Transect FluorCam FC 900- configuration is optimized for the and carries the sensoric module with TR is usually equiped by Open FluorCam controlled environment and greenhouse various imaging sensors directly to the FC 800-D/3535 with high-sensitivity applications and can be customized plants where measurements are made TOMI-1 or high-resolution TOMI-2 in terms of throughput and range of based on user-defined protocols. CCD cameras and optionally filters and integrated digital sensors according to proper lights for GFP imaging or PAR- the research needs. PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ System absorptivity and NDVI reflectance index is integrated robotic solution for measurement module can be added. Optional imaging features include reproductible high-throughput Also RGB camera would be optionally stations for: phenotyping of small and mid-size integrated into the Open FluorCam scale plants (Arabidopsis thaliana, –– Morphometric and RGB Analysis device for obtaining morphometric and strawberries, turfgrass, young soybean, –– Chlorophyll Fluorescence Kinetics RGB analysis too. Transect system tobacco, corn plants, etc.). The system Imaging can also contain independent RGB includes durable construction for growth –– Thermal Imaging Morphometric imaging unit,Thermal rooms and greenhouse applications and –– Hyperspectral Imaging in visible imaging unit or Hyperspectral imaging may be manufactured to cover virtually and/or near-infrared region unit instead of chlorophyll fluorescence any area. Plants are usually cultivated on –– 3D Imaging imaging unit FluorCam.

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PlantScreen™ Robotic Transect XYZ Comprehensive software package has All acquired imaging, environmental and System and Transect XZ Systems can been developed for system control, watering/weighing data are stored in an be implemented inside of high-capacity data acquisition, image analysis and SQL database, processed and available growth chambers to allow for program data base configuration. User friendly for inspection and further analysis controlled growing conditions, with graphical interface is designed to in range of seconds after recording accurate measurements and regulation control all hardware system components via user-friendly graphical interface. of temperature, irradiation cycles,relative actions, to control and monitor PlantScreen™ Analyzer provides tools humidity and CO2 concentration control. environmental conditions and to design for data browsing, grouping, analysis, Additional LED lightning solutions can be experiments with an extremely high user-defined reprocessing and export. implemented to improve lighting regime level of flexibility. High-end industrial Multiple clients can be connected of the plants grown in greenhouse PC with touch screen is used for to the database, with different environment. system control. Scheduling assistant privileges assigned based on a built-in with calendar function allows running authentication mechanism. An SMS and Furthermore comprehensive suite multiple experiments simultaneously, mail notification servis is integral part of of environmental sensors (humidity, provides different modes for experiment the complete phenotyping system. temperature, light intensity, light quality) randomization, for treatment per is available for the PlantScreen™ plant or group of plants with different Phenotyping Systems. The physiological ^^KEY FEATURES experimental protocols and plant parameters deduced from the handling regimes including dark/light PlantScreen™ Robotic XYZ measurements acquired by imaging units adaptation or watering or nutrient Systems: can be correlated with the environmental delivery schemes. • Multiple imaging sensors parameters acquired from a number of • Durable XYZ robotic arm environmental sensors implemented • Sensor-to-plant concept within the phenotyping unit. • Tailored solutions for in vitro or soil cultivations ^^SOFTWARE • Open database structure • Integrated environmental sensors • Setting of individual coordinates in • Comprehensive software package X, Z and eventually Y axis Transect FluorCam FC 900-TR • Randomization of measurements Systems: • Comprehensive software package • Perfect for high-throughput for system control, data acquisition, screening or monitoring plants image analysis and data base affected by stress gradient configuration • Both for outdoor and greenhouse • Species specific analysis use • Open database structure • Robust and stable construction with • Remote access a movable camera and light sources • Automatic SMS and email in XZ axis notification servis • No need to detach or move samples • Online environmental monitoring • Standard measured area of • 24-hour online support service 20 × 200 cm can be adapted to different size • Comprehensive software package • Optionally multiple imaging sensors

129 10 / Phenotyping Systems

PlantScreen™ Field Systems

PlantScreen™ Field Phenotyping conditions at each position in the plot biochemical and physiological Systems are mobile platform for fast where phenotyping measurements are measurements are collated with and accurate crop phenotyping in the made. environmental measurements at field. PlantScreen™ Field System is an each screening location, and may be PSI’s PlantScreen™ software allows drive pivot tower with multiple sensor accessed and analyzed remotely. the user to program movement of the modules mounted on XZ­-robotic arm. system for automated deployment in PSI’s PlantScreen™ field systems allow System is automatically moving over the field. All measured morphometric, the user to monitor numerous aspects field plots at speed that ensures high throughput. Active sensors are used for accurate monitoring of numerous physiological and morphological plant parameters that are time­- and location­- referenced. Configurable environmental monitoring system is integrated. A comprehensive software package, with remote accessibility, is used to control all aspects of the system and sensor modules, as well as for data acquisition, image analysis and data base configuration.

The sensor platform may include devices for hyperspectral imaging, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics imaging, thermal imaging and for morphometric and canopy analysis. These active sensors are used for accurate monitoring of numerous physiological and morphological plant parameters that are time-­ and location-­ referenced Environmental sensors monitor irradiance, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and other

130 10 / Phenotyping Systems of plant growth, development and All acquired imaging, environmental and response to biotic and abiotic stresses watering/weighing data are stored in an in the plants’ natural environment. SQL database, processed and available for inspection and further analysis The field systems are designed and in range of seconds after recording configured to meet the users’ specific via user-friendly­ graphical interface. requirements with respect to the size PlantScreen™ Analyzer provides tools for and morphology of plants screened. data browsing, grouping, analysis, user-­ Every component of the field systems -defined reprocessing and export. Multiple is designed to withstand the severest clients can be connected to the database, weather conditions, and to operate with different privileges assigned based flawless. on a built-in­ authentication mechanism. An SMS and mail notification service is Comprehensive software package has integral part of the complete phenotyping been developed for system control, system. 24-hour­ online support service data acquisition, image analysis is key component of the PlantScreen™ and data base configuration. User phenotyping solution. friendly graphical interface is designed to control all hardware system components actions, to control and ^^KEY FEATURES ^^SOFTWARE monitor environmental conditions and to design experiments with an • Robust autonomous system • Comprehensive software package extremely high level of flexibility. High-­ • Multi-functional sensor platform for system control, data acquisition, -end industrial PC with touch screen • Durable XZ robotic arm image analysis and data base is used for system control. Scheduling • Environmental monitoring configuration assistant with calendar function • Open database structure • Species-specific analysis allows running multiple experiments • Integrated environmental sensors • Open database structure simultaneously, provides different • Sensor-to-plant concept • Remote access modes for experiment randomization, • Automatic SMS and email for treatment per plant or group of plants notification service with different experimental protocols • Online environmental monitoring and regimes. • 24-hour online support service

131 10 / Phenotyping Systems

PlantScreen™ Phenotyping Systems in Controlled Environment

PSI designs and builds high-capacity regulated for dawn/dusk transitions Multifaceted programming options growth chambers (FytoScopes) and to control precisely temperature enable researchers to simulate which allow researchers to program and humidity. Automatic watering, natural conditions and to define a full controlled growing conditions, with weighing, dosage solution application range of “day/night” cycles with accurate measurements and regulation and transport to dark or light adaptation “dawn/dusk” or “cloudy sky” effects. of temperature, irradiation cycles chamber prior phenotyping unit can be For user convenience both actual and relative humidity. Phenotypical programmed based on user-defined inside conditions and target values monitoring of plants in controlled and requirements. for temperature, lighting and relative programmable environment provides humidity are permanently displayed on the opportunity to monitor plant The design of the FytoScope controlled the touch-screen controller, which is growth and plant physiological status environment chambers is modular and conveniently situated on the front side in precisely defined and reproducible constructed based on user-defined of the FytoScope. The controller allows conditions. This is of great advantage requirements concerning dimension and a wide range of user programmable when monitoring growth performance environmental control specifications. options to be selected. Displayed is and physiological status of the FytoScope enables the researcher to also graphical representation of actual plant in response to biotic or abiotic maintain controlled growing conditions conditions inside the FytoScope. All stress conditions during different of temperature and humidity with data can be downloaded to a PC or developmental stages. Plants can be independent selection of photoperiods. controlled remotely. grown in the controlled environment throughout the full life cycle.

The walk-in growing chambers FytoScopes may contain either conveyor-based or robotic imaging systems, or may incorporate conveyor systems that transport the plants from the FytoScope to the PlantScreen™ imaging system. The FytoScope chambers allow the user to set a range of programmed day/night cycles with wavelengths and other conditions

132 10 / Phenotyping Systems

^^REFERENCES

• De Diego N., Fürst T., Humplík J. F., et al. (2017). An • Humplik J.F., Lazar D., Husickova A. and Spichal L. (2015): [b] Automated Method for High-Throughput Screening of Automated phenotyping of plant shoots using imaging methods Arabidopsis Rosette Growth in Multi-Well Plates and Its for analysis of plant stress responses – a review. Plant Methods Validation in Stress Conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science. 11:29, DOI:10.1186/s13007-015-0072-8. Volume 8. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01702 • Humplik J.F., Lazar D., Fürst, T., Husickova A., Hybl, M. and • Pavicic M., Mouhu K., Wang F., et al. (2017). Genomic and Spichal L. (2015): Automated integrative high-throughput Phenomic Screens for Flower Related RING Type Ubiquitin E3 phenotyping of plant shoots: a case study of the cold- Ligases in Arabidopsis. Frontiers in Plant Scienc. Volume 8. tolerance of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Plant Methods 19;11:20, DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00416 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-015-0063-9 • Rungrat T., Awlia M., Brown M. et al. (2017). Monitoring • Brown T.B., Cheng R., Sirault R.R., et al. (2014): TraitCapture: Photosynthesis by In Vivo Chlorophyll Fluorescence: genomic and environment modelling of plant phenomic data. Application to High-Throughput Plant Phenotyping. The Current Opinion in Plant Biology 18: pp. 73-79. Arabidopsis Book 14: e0185. 2016 DOI: 10.5772/62391 • Simko I., Hayes R. J. and Furbank R. T. (2017). Non-destructive Phenotyping of Lettuce Plants in Early Stages of Development with Optical Sensors. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2016;7:1985. DOI:10.3389/fpls.2016.01985 • Sytar O., Brestic M., Zivcak M., et al. (2017). Applying hyperspectral imaging to explore natural plant diversity towards improving salt stress tolerance. In Science of The Total Environment. Volume 578. Pages 90-99. DOI: 10.1016/j. scitotenv.2016.08.014 • Tschiersch H., Junker A., Meyer R. C., & Altmann, T. (2017). Establishment of integrated protocols for automated high throughput kinetic chlorophyll fluorescence analyses. Plant Methods, 13, 54. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0204-4 • Weber J., Kunz, C., Peteinatos, G., et al. (2017). Utilization of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Technology to Detect Plant Injury by Herbicides in Sugar Beet and Soybean. Weed Technology, 1-13. DOI:10.1017/wet.2017.22 • Awlia M., Nigro A., Fajkus J., et al. (2016): High-throughput non-destructive phenotyping of traits contributing to salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Submitted Frontiers in Plant Sciences. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01414 • Bell J. and Dee M. H. (2016). The subset-matched Jaccard index for evaluation of Segmentation for Plant Images. Front Plant Sci. 2016; 7: 1985. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01985 • Bell J. and Dee M. H. (2016). Watching plants grow – a position paper on computer vision and Arabidopsis thaliana. IET Computer Vision. Volume 11, Issue 2, March 2017, p. 113 – 121. DOI: 10.1049/iet-cvi.2016.0127 • Bush M.S., Pierrat O, Nibau C, et al.(2016). eIF4A RNA Helicase Associates with Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinase A in Proliferating Cells and is Modulated by Phosphorylation[b]. Plant Physiol. 2016 Jul 7, DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00435 • Cruz J. A., Savage L. J., Zegarac R., et al (2016). Dynamic Environmental Photosynthetic Imaging Reveals Emergent Phenotypes, Cell Systems, Volume 2, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 365-377. DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2016.06.001 • Sytar O., Brestic M., Zivcak M Sytar O., Zivcak M., Brestic M. (2016) Noninvasive Methods to Support Metabolomic Studies Targeted at Plant Phenolics for Food and Medicinal Use. Plant Omics: Trends and Applications. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319- 31703-8_18

133 11 / Greenhouses

Greenhouses

PSI Greenhouses are research type of greenhouses intended for plant cultivation in controlled conditions. Controlled parameters are light,

temperature, humidity and CO2 content. These parameters may be set and monitored from the central control point or from distant stations by remote access. PSI greenhouses are designed according to customer’s requirements and thus allow growing of diverse plants: Arabidopsis, wheat, rice, or maize and other tall plants. The Greenhouses may be supplied with special grow tables or shelves that may be equipped with automatic watering or darkening system.

PSI Greenhouses feature intelligent high­-intensity LED­-based lighting which provides a cost­-efficient light solution to the user. PSI LED lighting systems are completely programmable and customizable and allow programming day and night cycles as well as light intensity setting at different times of the day. Alternatively, sodium or metal-­ -halide lamps may also be mounted.

Greenhouse climate may be regulated in a conventional manner or via adiabatic cooling, or combination of both systems may be used. High­-performance air-­ -conditioning system maintains air circulation, air exchange as well as humidity level control.

134 11 / Greenhouses

^^KEY FEATURES

• High­-intensity LED lighting providing homogeneous light distribution along the whole growing area • LED lighting intensity regulation in between 0 % and 100 % of total output • Sodium or metal­-halide lamps may be regulated in between 30 % and 100 % of total output • High­-pressure adiabatic cooling and humidification • Intelligent control system – both local control point and remote access • On­-line control and monitoring of inside climate • External, software controlled shading system blocking the most significant amount of heat and light (single greenhouse sectors may be controlled separately) • Special regime of inner air circulation (minimum fresh air required) • Controlled carbon dioxide enrichment from an external supply may be added • Grow tables with automatic watering and/or darkening system • Double or triple layer glass for maximum energy efficiency • Inner space may be divided into separate sectors with independent control in each sector

135 We have many photosynthesis related antibodies available for purchase on our website, some of the targets are marked in red in the figure below:

Thylakoid membrane Available antibodies are marked in red 3 H+ ATP ADP + Pi

hv + CF hv NADP H+ 1 NADPH 2 H+ Fd CP43 CP47 2 H+ FeS Stroma FNR D2 D1 HCO3-

Q PQ 0 A 2+ QB A Fe PQH2 Cyt b6 1 559

PQH2 CF LHCI Pheo LHCI D1 Cyt b PheoD2 LHC-ll LHC-ll A0 Chl ChlD2 PQ 4 nm D1 PQH P680 2 FeS Y P700 YZ D

Mn4OxCa Cyt f Lumen PC PsbQ PC PsbO PsbP 4 H+ 3 H+ + O2 + 4 H 2 H2O

Photosystem ll Cytochrome b6f Photosystem l ATP synthase

Source: Figure 1 (a) drawn by D. Shevela for: Govindjee; J.F. Kern; J.Messinger; and J. Whitmarsh (2010) Photosystem II. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences (ELS). John Wiley & Sons; ; reproduced with the permission of D. Shevela and Govindjee.

We also have many other primary and secondary antibodies, blocking serum and detection reagents.

All products can be found on our website: www.agrisera.com

www.agrisera.com | [email protected] | Ph: +46 935 33000, Fax: +46 935 33044 PSI DISTRIBUTORS

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Pocket-Sized Devices ...... page 6 FluorCams ...... page 32 Photobioreactors ...... page 53 Growth Chambers ...... page 64 Incubated Shakers ...... page 81 LED Light Sources ...... page 87 Fluorometers ...... page 97 Thermoluminescence Instruments ...... page 103 Other Devices ...... page 107 Phenotyping Systems ...... page 116 Greenhouses ...... page 134

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