Machinery bale being loaded on the conveyor is inched forward interlocked with the beater movement. Tufts prepared by the beater are then pneumatically transported through the Taro Nishimura funnel and the conveyor duct. Cooperative Research Center, Kyoto Institute o,f Technology Table 1 Number of exhibitors of spinning machineries and accessories in 6th OTEMAS (5th OTEMASI 1, Introduction The 6th OTEMAS seemed to increase trends towards the upgrade and the development of the existing spinning technologies compared to the last OTEMAS. Table 1 shows the data related to the spinning machineries exhibited by various companies from the different parts of the world taken from the official catalog of the 6th OTEMAS. By and large, the technological development relating to the spinning process which were exhibited can be summarized as improvements of parts, increase of efficiency, consistency, high productivity and quality.

2, Spinning Preparatory 2.1 Blowroom process At the last OTEMAS, there were new types of blowroom process machineries displayed from European companies, however, no such efforts were seen this time. Nihon Mfg.(NSM) showed inclined automatic bale opener suitable for synthetic fibers, which can produce much smaller size of tufts(shown in Fig. 1). This machine is expected to be an optimum production system running to meet ever-changing customers needs. The machine provides high quality, quick response, flexible production and many other advantages. In the operating principle, the beater goes up and down along the inclined rails at the speed about 1m/min to open a bale in the skew direction. A

Fig. ! Inclined automatic bale opener(NSM)

-31- 2.2 process with 412gr/6yds of fed and 400gr/6yds of delivered Lakshimi Machine Works(LMW), India, and Howa sliver. Also, the delivery speed and number of doublings Machinery(HM) were displayed carding . Carding were 1000m/min and 8, respectively. machine LC300 of LMW is shown in Fig. 2. The special High speed drawing frame DFH with auto-leveler HDC features are: delivery speed is up to 300m/min, working made by HM was also displayed, and the maximum delivery width of 960mm, cylinder and dia. are 1290 and speed was 800mJmin. VMT also presented 1 delivery Maxi 680mm, cylinder speed is 250-550 rpm, and maximum Link of which the maximum delivery speed is 1050m/min. production is 80kglhr. HM displayed CMH high In this machine, the drawing can be achieved two times in production card with working width 1016mm, cylinder dia. one machine process by arranging two drawing machines in and speed of 1283mm and 500rpm respectively, doffer dia. the opposite direction. 504mm, and maximum delivery speed of 250m/min, which is equipped with computer-aided long-range evenness controller.

Fig.4 Drawing frame DT110A/DX7A (TALW),

2.5 Gilling process and bobbiners Fig.2 Carding machine LC300(LMW, India) OKK displayed new type automatic gill IMM-8 and auto levelizer PBLE-8(Fig. 5). The special features of HIM-8 2.3 process are compact, easy operation and full intersecting method Toyoda Automatic Loom Works(TALW) exhibited with 2 gill heads. The 1st draft zone is equipped with 2 gill somber CM110A/VC5 and the demonstrating conditions boxes by screw driving system. In the 2nd draft zone, were: feed lap 1000gr/yd, delivery sliver 400gr/6yds with apron-drafting system has been adopted as standard, and it total draft of 120, and the reduction ratio up to 15% is possible to optionally substitute for 3-lines roller drafting with 360mps/min. The main features include P.P. nipper or rotary gill drafting system. PBLE-8 has two driving that accurately nips longstaple fiber end and enhances gears at the gill part and draft roller part, and can operate productivity, quality and efficiency with lap piecer for under maximum delivery speed of 550m/min for synthetic laborsaving. HM displayed HZ high-speed comber similar fibers. to the last OTEMAS having maximum nips of 360nips/min. HFB-8E high-speed finisher with full auto-doffing Also Vouk Macchine Tessili spa(VMT), Italy, displayed device presented from the same maker has the following CM 400/S which works under maximum 3 50nips/min, Fig. feature: the winding-ball traversing system assures to produce a highly fine count and fine denier . The maximum delivery and rubbing speeds of the machine are 120mlmin and 1400strokes/min. respectively.

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Fig.3 Combing machine CM400/S(VMT,Italy) Fig.5 Automatic gill HIM-8 with auto levelizer PBLE- 2.4 Drawing process 8(OKK) TALW presented drawing frame DT110A/DX7A shown in Fig.4. The main specifications were: 1 head 2 deliveries, 2.6. Roving Process Cherry Auto leveling System(CAS), and 313 drafting High Speed Roving Frame FL 100 of TALW was similar system. The machine was demonstrated for 100% the last exhibition, and was demonstrated under the

-32- conditions for 100% cotton: fed sliver count of 360gr/6yd5 16000rpm are electrodraft system which allows easy settii roving count of 208gr/30yds and number of twist of 1.33tpi of spinning conditions, and positive lifting which fon HM exhibited high speed roving frame RMH with built ideal package. in type auto doffer RMD. The flyer speed of 1500rpm is little higher than the earlier model. Speed Frame LFS 16& of LMW was demonstrated under the following conditions spindle gauge of 121.83mm; bobbin size of 16"x 6"; rovin; count Ne from 0.5 to 3.5; maximum flyer speed c 1600rpm; and maximum delivery speed of 50m/min. Fl] Marzoli & E.S.p.A.(FME), Italy, presented BCX16 Rovin; Frame having the spindle gauge of 260mm, bobbin size c 16"x7", maximum flyer speed of 1500rpm, and rovin; count range of Ne 0.4-3.0 (Fig. 6). Overall, there was no much change in the technologica development of roving frame, however, it can be seen tha Fig.7 Ring frame EJM 128(SE, China) the quality of machine parts has been updated for reliabi running. 3.2. Spinning parts Rotary ring system which rotates both traveller and ring flange at similar speeds displayed first in the world by Nippo shown in Fig. 8. This rotary ring has been mounted on UAM machine of HM. The spindle speed above 18000 rpm makes the spinning tension lower than for the conventional system, e. g. at 22000 rpm, the spinning tension is approximately 315. Therefore, high quality and high production can be achieved.

Fig.6 Roving frame BCX16 (FME,Italy)

3. Spinning 3.1 process Shanghai Erfangji(SF), China, presented EJM1280 rinl frame(Fig.7) which can spin fine yarn above Ne 80 a spindle speed of 14000-20000rpm with high consistency LMW exhibited XLA30 ring frame with the following outstanding features: spindle gauge 70mm, lift 160-210mm ring dia. 36-45mm, count range Ne 10-160, and spindh speed up to 25000rpm. HM presented two types ring spinning frame; UAM wa equipped with built-in type automatic doffer HBD-S anc UAH equipped with HBD. The spindle speed is 25000rpn in both frames. Feature of UAM is direct drive spindh system capable for high productivity, low energy and labor saving, high quality and multi-kind production application Also, the adoption of synchronous driven rotary ring i5 capable of producing highest quality yarn even at high speed operation above 20000 rpm. TALW presented RX240 for cotton and RXW240 fog long . RX240 is equipped positive with lifting whicr Fig.8 Rotary ring system(Nippo) forms ideal package for producing under multi items anc small amount, and stationary cop doffer (SCD) of doffing HM showed triple apron high draft system shown in Fig. time IOSs for smooth and high speed doffing. The 9. Floating fibers in the back draft zone are controlled by important specification is the maximum spindle speed of the draft control bar and by the 3rd top apron. This is more 23000rpm for yarn count of Ne 30 despite long bobbin effective for high draft above 100. length of 210mm. On the other hand, the important Kanai Juyo Kogyo(KJK) showed Riora Ring which features of RXW240 run at the maximum spindle speed of enables spinning of high speed and life of the ring traveller

-33- can be extended by stable running of traveller. Xelm~ were displayed as a test demonstration, the optimum Ring and Junimat MCC were also displayed by the sam machine development will be completed in the near future. company. Basically, Xelmat Ring enables extremely longe durability and excellent anti-rust by the highly hardene treatment (over HV2000) on the surface of the ring. Whil extreme extension of grinding cycle becomes possible b; high hardness and deep heat treatment for Junimat MCC.

Fig.9 Triple apron high draft system (JiM)

4. Other spinning machines Jingwei Textile Machinery(JTM), China, displayed a rotor spinning frame shown in Fig. 10. The main Fig. l l No. 804RJS Roller Jet Spinner(MM) specifications are: rotor dia. 54 and 66 mm, rotor speed 30000-60000rpm, and maximum delivery speed 120m/min.

Fig. 12 No. 851MVS Vortex Spinner (MM)

Fig. 10 Rotor spinning frame(JTM, China) 5. Conclusions Overall, very less new technological development of Murata Machinery(MM) demonstrated three kinds of air spinning machineries was displayed at the 6th OTEMAS. jet type spinning frames, which delivery speeds were Most of the stalls from European companies presented their extremely high above 300mImin. No. 802 HR MJS of usual technological capabilities mostly using posters and charts. type with two air jet nozzles was equipped with new design This shows that the spinning technology has reached very of nozzle for high speed and improvement. This machine is high level technological targets and therefore attention has suitable to above medium count for synthetic fibers been diverted to other fields of textiles. Among all spinning and synthetic-cotton blends. Also, core yarn, fancy yarn machineries displayed this time, Japanese companies and blend yarn can be spun. The other two types are newly especially Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Howa exhibited at this OTEMAS. No. 804RJS roller jet spinner is Machinery, and some from Asia were impressive. shown in Fig. 11. In this new design, the 2nd nozzle of Furthermore, another excellent and most impressive MJS has replaced with a pair of balloon roller, then, even display was the three types of extremely high-speed while spinning coarser count, twist can be inserted perfectly spinning frames by Murata Machinery which are most under low energy and cost. Therefore, this machine is suitable for all types of short staple materials. These suitable for coarser count compared to MJS. The maximum machines proving to be successful, the future trends of delivery speed is 400m/min. The another type No. spinning frame technology and industry may take a new 85IMVS Murata Vortex Spinner was demonstrated first in direction. In these four years, the overall developments the world shown in Fig. 12. The spinning mechanism is to were concentrated mainly on improving parts of machines apply a rapidly spiraling flow of compressed air to fleece at and increasing the machine efficiency with a little change the spindle tip in the nozzle. The spun yarn by the vortex in the mechanisms. I can feel that these are the sincere spinner possesses characteristics close to a yarn with actual efforts to reach the peak of the technological target. So, we twist. This machine is suitable for 100% cotton and the are looking forward to seeing a major break-through in the spinning speed is 300-400m/min. Although these machines spinning technology in the next OTEMAS.

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