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Sustainable Emergency Light for Scarcely Electrified Area of India

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Sustainable Emergency Light for Scarcely Electrified Area of India Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 40(11): 74-82, 2021; Article no.CJAST.68766 ISSN: 2457-1024 (Past name: British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, Past ISSN: 2231-0843, NLM ID: 101664541) Sustainable Emergency Light for Scarcely Electrified Area of India Shrutirekha Tripathy1, Mitali M. Sahoo1, Nimay Chandra Giri2, Siba Prasad Mishra3* and Smruti Ranjan Nayak2 1Department of Applied Chemistry, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India. 2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India. 3Department of Civil Engineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Authors ST and MMS designed the study, performed the laboratory works, Authors NCG, SPM, and SRN wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the manuscript and ‘managed the analyses of the study and the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/CJAST/2021/v40i1131372 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Chien-Jen Wang, National University of Tainan, Taiwan. Reviewers: (1) Sunita Barot, USA. (2) Indu Prabha Singh, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges, India. (3) A. Clara Dhanemozhi, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for women, India. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/68766 Received 15 March 2021 Accepted 21 May 2021 Original Research Article Published 27 May 2021 ABSTRACT About 200 million people of India are deprived of grid based power supply, prominently in inaccessible hilly and rural hamlets of the country. Present research is an attempt to design, install, operate use, and maintain the hand on set of light source to address the unserved populations dwelling in electricity inaccessible areas in India. The approach is designing and developing a low cost sustainable or solar emergency light through, “Solar Home Lighting Systems” or “Sustainable Emergency Light” technology, which is one of the smart and innovative approaches of illuminating sources by harnessing solar energy to light the darkened places. The attractive daily usable gadget with surged luminous efficiency, durability, extended life, ecofriendly, compact, and efficient to work at both small values of current and voltages and they are growing acceptance. The safe and non- _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]; Tripathy et al.; CJAST, 40(11): 74-82, 2021; Article no.CJAST.68766 ignition start, is the uniqueness over conventional emergency light, and solar energy founded. The stand-alone device with mobile charging port with luminosity of 150 Lux can be used in lighting the escape routes, open areas and high risk areas. Under the crisis of pandemic of Covid-19 virus, the portable solar lights is safe and riskless light source for the economic backward classes, and can provide the children and students for online undisrupted study up to about 8 to 10 hours at low cost in remote areas. Keywords: Sustainable; sustainable emergency light; solar energy. 1. INTRODUCTION product is safe, easy to design, cost effective, water proof, flexible, and efficient prepared to The unlimited supports of energy received from combat darkness, fire hazards and calamities. the nature which can be replenished within short span of time called renewable energy capitals 1.1 Review of Literature such as water, Sunlight, current of air, geothermal, green hydrogen, and biomass, [1], Electric arc lamp started from 1802 and invented [2]. The earth source of enormous energy can be by Humphry Davy and Thomas Elva Edison had harnessed two ways as heat or light through achieved the patent for Centennial Light in 1806 thermal route and photovoltaic route respectively, (the then world's longest-lasting light bulb), [4]. [3]. The country has targeted to reduce fossil fuel The easily aligned set up; the solar emergency consumption by 40 toll 2030, and invest $701.5 lights are the alternate energy saving billion to meet the sustainable development goal arrangements are the friends of darkness, for universal access to electricity by 2030, (WL-1) hazards, standby for emergency and electricity The resourceful solar emergency light inaccessible areas for the economically applications have increased in the ensuing backward people, [9], [10], [11]. decade and its users are increasing day by day. The standalone emergency light, the friend in The emergency portable light illuminates an area crisis and emergencies has the advantage of no when the power supply is disrupted [4]. The external fuel sources, abundant cost free solar standalone system is under fire safety legislation, radiations, high longevity, zero temperature ease of operation and maintenance under the constraint, short ckt protected and safe under Building Regulations 2000 (BS 5266 Pt 1 and 7: any load, pollution free, safe and greatly reliable 1999 and EN 1838) and accomplishing with very high luminosity efficient, [12], [13], [14] . agreement with legislations, [5]. The LED built solar PV cell is cost effective in comparison to commercial voltaic solar lights for Starting the journey from 18th century, small stand-alone applications, [15], [16]. A researches carried to use electricity for light modern Light Emitting Diode (LED) as lighting generation. The nonrenewable sources like coal, arrangement have extraordinary efficiency, long- and fossil fuels were bump into global energy lasting, energy-saving, high color luminosity, wants and they became a major donor to carbon coast effective, and environmental friendly [16], footprint and discharge of GHG (greenhouse [17]. gas) emission till 20th century, [6]. As Solar, aeolian, geothermal, green hydrogen and Solar torches are in contrast to outmoded on-grid biomass are the present renewable energy solar lighting due to its cost-effectiveness. In sources. Among the renewable sources, photo increased radiance tropical areas these lights voltaics have claimed its ability for a cost works in maximum with five day autonomy, (WL- rd effective, clean, quiet, replenishable, and reliable 2). India, the 3 ranked energy consumer of the electricity generation matching the prerequisite, globe with possibility of wide range of alternate [7]. Smart movable solar emergency light is energy in future, the solar energy sector shall be taken as a modified project taken from the in the cutting-edge of the solarpower standard circuit available at present. generation and consumption as per India energy Outlook 2021, [WL-3]. The present research envisages planning, design and manufacture of photovoltaic knowledge Present research is an attempt to design, install, integrated emergency light using LED lamp, operate use, and maintain the hand on set of battery and charging probes that is used for light source to address the unserved populations portable spotlight with low maintenance, [8]. The dwelling in electricity inaccessible areas in India 75 Tripathy et al.; CJAST, 40(11): 74-82, 2021; Article no.CJAST.68766 due to its diverse topography, economy but that can popularize the torch shaped emergency housed in tropics. light for use in daily accomplishments,[22], [23]. Concern for climate change and environmental 1.2 Solar Home Lighting System degradation are universal and conventional energy evolves noxious GHG’s (greenhouse The solar energy amount received by the earth gases) with adverse concerns for human health is about 3850KEJ (kilo exo-joules) in single year and the ecosystem. Harnessing renewable from the sun where the distance of the sun from power through growth of innovative know-hows is the earth is about 149.6 Million km. It is about the significant strategic option in the present ten times of all the non-renewable sources (coal, perspectives,. Rural communities in present oil, natural gas, and atomic etc.) used by human Indian scenario, mainly in far remote and being on the earth. Solar radiation can be used st inaccessible areas, there is very little chance for in two ways. The 1 one is Photovoltaic (PV) supply of electricity through the conventional on- technology: to convert light energy to electricity nd grid system. Consequent upon the present and 2 way is thermal technology: to environment threats, the renewable energies can convert light/heat energy of solar radiation to only contribute substantially to deliver alternative heat/electricity [18-21]. energy and relief to the users etc.. Adequate strategic planning and design of alternate energy Solar home lighting systems (SHLS) are off-grid generation systems are some of the key issues system that offers a cost-effective approach for that can solve energy problems in the rural areas light and heat providing appliances to remote off- at low cost [24]. grid families. SHLS are also known as a pure direct current (DC) PV system. They are solar 2. METHODS AND MATERIALS street lights, solar emergency lights, solar There are in average 300 days are bright and study lamps, garden lights etc. [21]]. A SHLS sunny per year in India. The estimated solar comprises of single or multiple PV modules energy incidence on India's land mass is ≈5000 enclosing solar cells, and charge controllers trillion kilowatt-hours (TkWh)/ year. The available that allocates power, and guards the batteries, solar energy in a solitary year surpasses the and annexed circuits from impairment.
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