SECRETS OF MILLBROOK

History of

History of Millbrook

Hiking

Places of interest

Pubs and Restaurants

Cornish food

Music and art

Dear reader, We are a German group which created this Guide book for you. We had lots of fun exploring Millbrook and the and want to share our discoveries with you on the following pages. We assembled a selection of sights, , café, restaurants, history, music and arts. We would be glad, if we could help you and we wish you a nice time in Millbrook

Your German group

Karl Jorma

Ina Franziska

1 Contents

Page

3 Introduction 4 6 History of Millbrook The Tide Mill Industry around Millbrook 10 Smuggling 11 Fishing 13 Hiking and Walking The Maker Church Penlee Point St. Michaels Chapel Rame Church St. Germanus 23 Eden Project 24 The 25 South West Coast 26 Beaches on the Rame peninsula 29 Millbrook’s restaurants & cafes 32 Millbrook’s pubs 34 Cornish food 36 Music & arts 41 Point Europa 42 Acknowledgments

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Millbrook, or Govermelin as it is called in the , is the biggest village in Cornwall and located in the centre of the Rame peninsula. The current population of Millbrook is about 2300. Many locals take the ferry or the car ferry across Sound to go to work, while others are employed locally by boatyards, shops and restaurants. The area also attracts many retirees from cities all around Britain. Being situated at the head of a tidal creek, the ocean has always had a major influence on life in Millbrook. Although fishing and most other industries have disappeared over the years, Top left: ; boatbuilding still plays a very important role in the Top right: ; area. Left center: ; Right center: Wreck at Beach

Commonly called the forgotten corner of Cornwall the Rame peninsula has retained its native landscape and is designated as an Area of outstanding natural beauty (AONB). Visitors can find miles of hiking trails along the rugged coastal trails and many hidden, pristine beaches. The fury of Atlantic storms has driven many ships on to the treacherous rocky coast and vigilant ramblers may spot signs of their fate.

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Top left: The Men-An- History of Cornwall Tol; Top right: The Chun Quoit; Lower left: Situated at the very southwest of the The Quoit; British isles, the county of Cornwall is Right: The inhabited by just over 500,000 people. Quoit. Its name evolved from the Celtic tribe name Cornovii, which means horn- dwellers, derived from the shape of the Cornish peninsula, and the Anglo-Saxon Waelas, meaning strangers. In the Cornish language its name is Kernow. The history of Cornwall begins after the last Ice Age when hunter/gatherer tribes inhabited Britain between about 10,000 BC and 3000 BC. Many Megaliths of this period can still be seen and prehistoric remains in general are more numerous in Cornwall than elsewhere in . When the Celts arrived during the first millennium before Christ they brought an advanced technology of iron tools with them improving agricultural and mining techniques. In 55BC the Romans landed in Britain and stayed until the end of the 4th century, but they had very little influence in Cornwall. Anglo-Saxons migrated to England during the following four centuries and pushed the Celts back to Cornwall, as far as the . To prevent Cornish raids, the Anglo-Saxons conquered parts of the Rame peninsula which subsequently became part of until the mid-19th century.

Left: King Doniert’s Stone, pieces of a 9th century cross; Right: The Chysauster Ancient Village, one of the few places where Romans lived in Cornwall. 4

Left: The ruins of Castle, where according to the legends was conceived; Right: The Norman church of St. Germans

In the 9th century Cornwall finally lost its sovereignty but the managed to preserve a certain amount of cultural and political independence which remains until today. Except for installing themselves as rulers the Norman conquest of England in 11th century brought almost no changes to Cornwall. During the 15th to early 18th century the Cornish revolted against England on several occasions but were always defeated. Tin mining has played a very important role in the history and culture of Cornwall for the last 4000 years and with the invention of the Steam Engine in 1781 and the following age of industrial revolution the mining industry boomed. A massive decline in Cornish mining a century later led to the Cornish Diaspora in which many Cornish migrated overseas. The last Cornish and European tin mine, South Crofty mine, closed in 1998, however reopening the mine is still discussed. Left: mines at St Just, right: tin mine near St Agnes, bottom: mines in Cornwall, ca 1890

5 Left: Emblem of Millbrook Bottom: Aerial photo of Millbrook

History of Millbrook

The first evidence for the existence of the village of Millbrook dates back to 1442, when the Lord of Millbrook was given to Sir John Cornwall by Henry VI. But despite the lack of evidence it is believed that the village is older and estimates of its foundation vary between 4th and 14th century. The village’s name however comes from an old tidal mill and a small brook, nowadays flowing into Millbrook Lake. In the reign of Queen Elisabeth Millbrook was referred to as a “Riche Fishing Town” with at least 40 boats and many men participating as sailors in the wars of that time. With the amount of fish in the fishing grounds virtually decimated in the last 150 years, the fishing industry faded away and today there are only a few professional fishermen left on the whole peninsula. At the same time other industries like brickworks boomed. Today there is hardly any industry left in Millbrook, although boatbuilding is still important with two boatyards in Millbrook and a third one in Cremyll, about two miles away.

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The Tide Mill Left: Old painting, mill and millpond clearly visible. The mill in Millbrook dates back to at least 1518 Right: mill building in 2010 and was rebuilt in 1801. It was worked by the tidal water being impounded in a 25 acre millpond at high tide and after the tide had ebbed a little, milling could begin. It is reported that the mill could operate approximately 8 hours in a 24 hour period. Over time, the mill had between two and four waterwheels of whitch one was used for a hoist to lift the corn to the top level of the mill. Each of the other wheels moved one or two millstones. The waterwheels rotated at about 10 rpm, and through gearing, the millstones rotated at approximated 120 rpm. The mill was last used in 1914 to grind corn, but in the following years the mill and the quay next to it were used by The Millbrook Steam Boat Company. Since then the millpond has been filled in and the football field and the park are now located there. The building can still be seen but after an archaeological excavation in 2011 it was renovated and now serves another purpose.

Right: Old map with mill and millpond marked, some other industry is also visible; Left: Granite millstone from the mill

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Industry around Millbrook

Buried in Millbrook lies an abundance of industrial heritage contrasting with today’s rural landscape and with extensive scouting history buffs can uncover the secrets of Millbrook’s past. The former industrial facilities at the Southdown Marina area weren’t only the earliest and most numerous but clearly they have had the most turbulent history. In 1650 a Gun Powder Works was built there and until its total destruction during a fire and a huge explosion on 5th July 1865 it produced Gun Powder for the . In 1733 among other navy storage facilities and accommodation buildings the Kings Brewhouse was built in the Southdown area, producing all the navy’s beer, 20,000 gallons per week, until 1835. But the building’s history was far from being over; it was converted into a soap factory, used as a powder mill, occupied to produce fish fertilizerand at the beginning of the 20th century used as Gelatine Works. Between 1870 and 1904 a copper smelting and chemical works was situated in Southdown and from 1888 to 1942 and 1946 to 1948 the Southdown Brick Company had a factory with kiln chimneys up to 120 ft high there. The Quarry used by this brick factory is still recognizable. Nowadays, Voyager Boatyard, one of Top and left: Southdown brickworks the three boatyards of the area is from different angles located at the Southdown Marina. Bottom: Voyager Boatyard

8 Foss Brickworks, located just to the east of the tide mill, was the first brickworks to open in Millbrook in 1872 and remained in production until the 1930s. The factory had a 130 ft chimney and also an adjacent quarry. Today the factory’s site is used by the Multihull Centre boatyard. The third and largest brickwork, Pottery Brickworks, was located at the area of St Johns Rd. It started production in the 1880s and until 1935 produced up to 50,000 bricks a day. Like the other brickworks there was a quarry nearby and the chimney had a height of 165 ft. Many of the bricks from the three brickworks were shipped to the

more than 20 building sites of coastal Top: Photo from 1895, tide mill batteries and fortifications that the navy built and Foss Brickworks visible between 1860 and 1920 to protect the naval Left: Multihull Centre Boatyard base of Plymouth. Some of those, like Right: Mt. Edgcumbe Garden Battery, Fort Picklecombe or Fort Battery , can still be seen but nowadays Bottom: Mashfords of Cremyll serve other purposes. Only a few, like Garden Battery in Mt. Edgcumbe Country Park, remain in an almost original state and can be visited. Anderton has had boatyards since before the reign of Elisabeth 1st, but none of them have survived. The third active boatyard near Millbrook is Mashfords of Cremyll.

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Smuggling

Over the centuries, smuggling has played an important role on the Rame peninsula. Its proximity to France and Plymouth, the rough coast with small, hidden beaches and the seclusion of the peninsula made the area very attractive for smuggling. The following newspaper article is from the early 19th century, at a time when smuggling was gradually disappearing.

SEIZED OFF CAWSAND

’Five Sisters’ On Saturday evening last, about eight o clock, Mr. Foot, of the preventive waterguard, at Cawsand, captured a sprit sail boat, called the Five Sisters, belonging to Cawsand, with 98 tubs of foreign brandy and geneva on board, together with three men and a boy. The boat was first discovered by one of the preventive men on the look out from the hill, and conceiving her to be suspicious, he informed Mr. F. of the circumstance, when the latter accompanied by four men well armed took one of the pilot boats from the bay, and proceeded towards the boat in the offing. The smugglers did not suspect the persons in the pilot boat of any design on them until they were close to them; but on perceiving who the intended visitors were, they immediately crowded all sail, to effect their escape. This they were likely to effect when the preventive men showed their colours and comfiring musketry at the smugglers. The seventh shot fired cut away the sprit-sail halliards, when the main-sail fell, and the pursuers came alongside and secured the boat with its cargo and crew. The West Breton 10 July 1829

10 Fishing

History of fishing

The 16th century saw fishing on a grand scale. It was at this time when a group of Plymouth fishermen decamped to the Rame to set up shop on /. Their main interest was Pilchard fishing which grew into an enormous enterprise. The cellars were so big that they were called palaces – their ruins are still visible today at Kingsand.

During the 18th Century Cawsand replaced Millbrook in its role as a fishing centre. But subsequently Millbrook became the centre of industry because of its proximity to the Royal Dockyard and the port of Plymouth.

About the year 1800 there was a sizeable fleet of “Hookers”. But through the disappearance of the popular Pilchard shoals the number of hookers also declined. In addition, the hookers became unable to compete with the drifters and steam trawlers. In line with an enormous blizzard in March 1891 the rest of the hookers sank.

11 Even 150 years ago there was still a large number of vessels in the Cawsand Bay. Today fishing is still important for this area but there are just a few professional fishermen left. Fish markets and restaurants built a strong part of Millbrooks culture and economy.

There are 300 miles of coastline around Cornwall with many fantastic places for fishing.

How to tell if fish is fresh

Eyes: Bright and clear without milky appearance

Skin: Moist, shiny and firm

Smell: Should not smell unpleasant

12 Hiking and walking

A breathtaking walk around the waterside perimeter of the Mount Edgcumbe estate, offers tremendous views of the sea, coastline and across . A host of eighteenth-century follies are dotted along the route; fountains, seats and shelters. The path travels through the parkland and woodland of the historic family seat of the Earls of Edgcumbe.

The uneven terrain along the Coast Path, includes some steep stretches and a series of steps, and can be muddy

in winter. The sections around Cremyll and Mount Edgcumbe House and Gardens are suitable for wheelchair users.

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14 1. Mount Edgcumbe House

In 1515 Henry VIII permitted Sir Piers Edgcumbe to enclose a deer park on his land. His son Sir Richard Edgcumbe of built the Mount Edgcumbe House between 1547 -1553. The area covers 865 acres in south- east Cornwall. The house was built according to a forward- thinking design. In 1941, during World War II, Mount Edgcumbe was bombed by the Germans. The bombs destroyed the west wing and most inventories were ravaged by fire. The house was restored between 1958- 1964 in the style of the 18th century. In 1971 it was sold to Cornwall County and Plymouth City Councils for use as a Country Park. On the property one can see the famous historic house, beautiful gardens and Country Park. Mount Edgcumbe is a favourite destination for tourists.

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The gardens

The Earl's garden was formed in the 18th century. The Garden has a 400 year old Lime tree, a splendid Lucombe oak, a Mexican pine and an array of beautiful flowers. From the Victorian east lawn terrace, you can see gorgeous views over Plymouth Sound.

The formal gardens were created over 200 years ago in the English, French and Italian styles. They have recently been added to with an American plantation and a New Zealand styled garden, both countries having strong family connections.

Amphitheatre: Here one can see a series of ponds with views over Plymouth Sound and on the lower pond one can find a splendid haven for bird life.

16 Wildlife in Mount Edgcumbe Country Park

If one travels along the park trails in the early morning, there is a good chance of seeing fallow deer. Maybe, at dusk one can see foxes, rabbits, buzzards and sea birds.

Opening times

The House and the Earl's garden are open to the general public.

Open: 1 April to 30 September 2015 Open Sunday to Thursday 11am to 4.30pm (last admission at 4pm).

Closed: every Friday -Saturday and 17 September 2015

The direct route from Millbrook to Mount Edgcumbe

17 2. The Maker church

Maker means a stone wall or a ruin in Cornish. Another Celtic name is , meaning “the church on the estuary” and its tower remains an imposing landmark over the Tamar estuary.

The church of Marker is dedicated to St. Julian and was built as a gift to the Priory of Plympton in the Middle Ages. Its architecture is that of a typical 15th century Cornish church. It is located in the Country Park and it was used as the Edgcumbe family’s church and cemetery. The Admiralty used the tower in the 18th and 19th centuries as a signal station. One can see a copy of the signals used, inside the church.

The direct route from Millbrook to Maker church

18 19 3. Penlee Point

Penlee Point is located on the coastal headland at 52 metres above sea level.

During the 18th Century the cave which is today the Queen Adelaides Grotto was used as a watch house.

In 1827 Princess Adelaide visited and dedicated the construction.

About 60 years later the work on Penlee Battery began. It was part of the south western defences and was disarmed in 1956. The site of the battery is now a nature reserve.

Penlee Point gained national fame in 1998 when the Green Darner Dragonfly was seen in this location for the first time.

It is a perfect place for wildflowers

The direct route from Millbrook to Penlee Point

20 4. St. Michael's Chapel

The chapel was built on the headland, together with many other chapels and churches in the Middle Ages. Its beautiful location with the fact that the manor of Rame was owned by Tavistock Abbey in the 10th century suggesting that this was created as an Early Mediaeval hermitage. The chapel was dedicated to St Michael the Archangel and was first licensed for Mass in 1397. Traces of render survive in places which may suggest that the interior and exterior were probably whitewashed- making it a striking landmark for mariners.

The location on a high cliff made the chapel one of the best locations for watching the western approaches to Plymouth Sound.

The chapel was restored by the IVth Earl of Edgcumbe in 1882. In the early 20th century it fell into disuse and since then remains as a ruin.

The chapel is located directly on the . It is easily visible in the distance and accessible by a steep footpath.

The direct route from Millbrook to St. Michael’s Chapel

21 5. Rame Church St. Germanus

Rame Church is dedicated to the bishop St. Germanus, who in 400 AD was fighting to supress the Pelegian heresy.

The building was consecrated in 1259. The south aisle was added in the 15th Century.

Between 1848 and 1886 there were a few restorations.

Today Rame Church St. Germanus is part of the parish of Maker with Rame and managed by the Parochial Church council.

The Church has no electricity and thus is still lit by candles.

The direct route from Millbrook to Rame Church

22 The Eden Project

The Eden Project, a charity and social enterprise is a popular tourist attraction in Cornwall with more than a million plants inside artificial biodomes with different climate regions. The Rainforest and Mediterranean biodomes are filled with all kinds of plants, native birds and even insects. The tropical rainforest is the largest "in captivity." The outdoor gardens have floral displays, teas, hops and exotic vegetables.

At Eden visitors can learn about exotic plants and simply enjoy the experience

Address: , , Cornwall, 01726 811911

(The route from Millbrook to Eden Project takes 51 min and is 32.2 miles long)

23 The Minack Theatre

The Minack Theatre was planned, built and financed between 1931-1986 by one woman; her name was Rowena Cade. It is the most famous cliffside open-air theatre, possibly in the world. Many visitors arrive at the Minack imagining it was built by invading Romans The theatre is open all year round. The summer theatre season runs from May to September and presents musicals, opera and drama.

Address: Porthcurno, , Cornwall, 01736 810181

(The route from Millbrook to Minack Theatre takes 1.5h and is 83.1 miles long)

24 South West Coast Path

This trail is considered one of the best walks in the world by the Lonely Planet guide and voted Britain’s best walking route by the readers of Walk magazine. The walk travels along 630 miles of superb coastline. The heritage, wildlife, geology and scenery on the path are truly inspirational and each day of walking brings stunning

new experiences.

25 Beaches on the Rame peninsula

Kingsand and Cawsand

The sandy beaches in Kingsand and Cawsand are small and family-friendly with a beautiful landscape around the Rame Head.

26 Whitsand Bay

Above Whitsand Bay runs the beautiful cliff road from Tregantle Fort to Rame Head. There are several sandy beaches and surfing spots. But access is via a steep path. Swimmers should be aware of rip currents along this stretch of coast.

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28 Millbrook’s restaurants & cafes

The Honey Room Café

Behind Widdicombe’s Shop is the Honey Room Café which was converted in 2010. It’s a small café offering a lot of organically-grown produce. The menu is vegetarian and most of the cakes, pies and freshly baked bread are prepared in Millbrook by Mandy and Annabell of “Poet’s Pantry”.

Joe and Rose have owned the shop since 1980.

Address: West Street, Millbrook, 01752822335

The Marina Café

The Marina Café is situated in the Southdown area and is open 7 days a week and has a beautiful view over the creek. In addition to the all-day breakfast and lunch the small café offers a delivery service.

Address: Southdown Quay, Millbrook, 01752822708

29 Afro-Caribbean Pot

This expanding and experienced kitchen creates takeaway dishes of amazingly well balanced and aromatic dishes. All dishes are freshly cooked and can be mild, medium or hot. The family-run business likes to surprise people with fresh, fragrant and exotic food from their homeland. Address: 5 Molesworth Terrace, Millbrook, 01752 823663

RG Seafoods – the fish store

The mobile fish market is locally popular for selling fresh and frozen seafood. The owners say that if the product does not match their own standards then they won’t sell it.

The truck comes to Millbrook every Saturday at 1pm.

Address: The Tanyard, Millbrook, 01752814040

AHOY

AHOY is also a mobile catering company based in the south-east Cornwall. It is famous for its fish and chips mainly in the summertime. AHOY sells its own battered fish in Millbrook every Friday between 4.30pm – 8pm.

Address: The Parade, Millbrook, 01752822192

30 Posh Nosh

The restaurant and takeaway offers a variety of fast-food such as fish and chips and pizza.

Address: 9 West Street, Millbrook, 01752823374

Millbrook Indian Restaurant

Millbrook now has an Indian restaurant and takeaway. It is located on West Street and serves traditional and spicy Indian dishes.

The Canteen at Maker Heights

The canteen offers many seafood, vegetarian- and British dishes. The views are stunning and some great walks are nearby.

Address: Maker Heights, Millbrook, 0 1752 659069

Mount Edgcumbe Orangery

The Orangery is nestled in the beautiful Italian Gardens of Mount Edgcumbe. The Garden Café is especially renowned as an exclusive wedding or celebrations venue.

Address: Cremyll, 01752 822236

31 Millbrook’s pubs

The Devon & Cornwall Inn

This historic 17th Century Inn is a traditional and popular Cornish and got its name from the fact that it is placed on the old Devon and Cornwall border.

The “D&C” offers several events such as a quiz, curry and a steak night. It’s also well-known for its Sky Sport and BT Sport broadcasts. The D&C offers accommodation with 5 ensuite rooms each furnished to a high standard. Guests can expect a traditional atmosphere, live music and good food as well as televised Rugby and Football.

Address: 1 West Street, Millbrook, 01752822320

32 Mark of Friendship

The Mark of Friendship pub is a traditional community pub which serves 3 great cask ales.

There are pool matches on Tuesday, darts on Thursday and Friday and live music on the weekend.

The business of the Mark of Friendship benefits from a consistent trade with a strong local following.

Address: New Street, Millbrook, 01752823287

The small village of Millbrook offers also a third pub - the Heart in Hand.

Address: 66 West Street, Millbrook, 0172822506

33 Cornish food

Cornwall has a strong culinary heritage. Here are just a few examples of curious Cornish dishes. Stargazy

It is said that the Stargazy Pie was created in in honour of a brave fisherman called Tom Bawcock. He sailed out into a violent stormy sea to fish when the village was facing famine. He returned with seven types of fish which were made into a pie and shared among the folk. Stargazy pie is traditionally made of baked pilchards, along with eggs and potatoes and covered with a crust. The fish heads (and sometimes tails) protrude through the crust, so that they appear to be gazing skyward. This allows the oils released during cooking to flow back into the pie.

Cornish

The Cornish also called “Oggies” are today filled with beefsteak, onion and potato. Historically they contained turmut (turnip), tates (potatoes) and mate (meat).They were made for the Cornish miners who carried it with them to eat while working. The pasties were known for their ability to keep well.

34 Cornish

The traditional Cornish Cream Tea contains scones with jam and . Sometimes it’s also served with a “Cornish Split”, a type of white bread roll. At first you daub the butter on the scone, then add strawberry jam and top it finally with a spoonful of clotted cream.

Heavy cake

The or “Hevva” is a cake made from flour, lard, butter, milk, sugar and raisins.

It got its name from the historic Pilchard industry. When the “huer” helped locate shoals of fish, they would shout “Hevva, Hevva” to alert the boats to the location of the pilchard shoals. The cakes were carried by the huers on their way home.

35 Music & arts Tate

When Tate first opened its doors to the public in 1897 it had just one site, displaying a small collection of British artworks. Today Tate has four major sites and the national collection of British art from 1500 to the present day and international modern and contemporary art, which includes nearly 70,000 artworks. A number of new developments are planned for Tate Modern, Tate Britain and to ensure the galleries continue to expand.

Tate St Ives

St Ives, a small Cornish town on the southwest coast of England, perhaps seems an unlikely site for a major art gallery. However, its artistic connections date back to Victorian times when numerous artists came to St Ives to paint, attracted by its special quality of light. Artists associated with the town include Barbara Hepworth, Naum Gabo, Alfred Wallis and Mark Rothko.

An exciting development is now planned for Tate St Ives, which will provide better exhibition and display spaces, new education areas and improved visitor facilities, allowing greater scope for understanding the heritage of the St Ives artists’ colony. www.tate.org.uk 01736 796 22

36 Maker Heights The Maker Project

Situated on the highest point of the spectacular Rame Peninsula the studios at Maker enjoy uninterrupted, panoramic views. Rame Conservation Trust is the mother charity which owns this unique collection of historic buildings and the top of the hill on which they sit. The Napoleonic Barracks and it's surrounding service buildings form a unique cluster of workspaces, the majority of which have been colonised by artists, musicians and craftspeople attracted here by the open spaces and creative environment.

The workspaces vary in size from about 200 square feet to over 600 square feet, the majority having high ceilings and a good amount of natural light,electricity and power points. There are shared washrooms, showers and toilets within the courtyard. There is a supportive colony of artists residing at Maker ranging from well known established painters to those newly exploring their craft and developing their style. Home to Rame School of Art, Maker offers a friendly convivial environment with places to

37 meet and socialise including The Canteen restaurant, The Random Arms, a licensed bar which hosts regular music events and on-site camping. The Officer's Mess is the latest of the historic spaces to be improved and this offers exhibition space and is home to the Maker Art Collection.

At present there are painters, ceramic artists, fine and heavy metal workers, carpenters, photographers, graphic artists and musicians working from Maker. www.themakerproject.org.uk

Sunshine Festival

Each year Maker organises a music festival, which is a (mostly!) annual weekend camping event featuring live music, cabaret, DJs, workshops and fun in the breathtakingly beautiful location on the Rame Peninsula of South East Cornwall. www.makerfestival.co.uk

38 Carn to Cove

Carn to Cove is Cornwall’s performing arts scheme for rural communities. They fill the wonderfully varied community halls with poetry, laughter, music, drama, stories and dancing. Local people choose the live shows they want to see and hear in their halls. This means loads of variety for everyone across Cornwall. www.carntocove.co.uk 01209 312500

39 Rame Peninsula Art

Alan and Annette Lemin founded Rame Peninsula Art in their home-based studio location of Millbrook, Cornwall. The studio sits within the peaceful tranquility of their bespoke designed Japanese garden, complete with a Japanese tea-house, ponds and wild growing bamboo. Through their work, Alan and Annette offer an extensive range of tuition in art, maths and the sciences.

www.ramepeninsulaart.com 01752 823364 / 07791073242

40 Point Europa

Point Europa is an independent training and education charity in Millbrook and was founded in 2004. The aim is to support the local community on the Rame Peninsula in Cornwall.

It organises a variety of training, education and community development activities, often with a strong European flavour. They are extremely successful in making Europe work for this area.

Some examples of their projects:

European Projects. It runs international exchanges, training design and learning partnerships, with partners in all European countries. They offer plenty of opportunities each year for people of all ages.

UK Training. The aim is to identify and meet the training needs of local people and local businesses, to improve skills levels and help people into work.

Community support. Point Europa use their expertise to support other community and voluntary groups in the area.

Support for the local economy. The charity works with local businesses, bringing in new work through their exchange programmes and aim to provide the services that they need.

Charity Shop. Point Europa runs its own charity shop in Millbrook village, where its hard-working volunteers generate funds for the independent Rame Community Fund.

41 Acknowledgments

This booklet would not exist without the help of many people. In place of each we want to thank two of them: Mr. Colyn Thomas, whose historical works about the Rame peninsula were a sheer infinite supply for our work. And in particular Patricia Murphy, who helped us a lot by revising our writing, correcting our vocabulary and giving our work a general structure.

At the end we want to say thanks to all the marvellous people we owe this golden opportunity to get this amazing experience. Thanks Point Europa for your really great support, we enjoyed the time we had with you, and you have been so open and receptive to us.

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