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Wendehorst-Gutachten.Pdf Verbraucherrelevante Problemstellungen zu Besitz- und Eigentumsverhältnissen beim Internet der Dinge Marktstudie des Instituts für Innovation und Technik (iit) und Wissenschaftliches Rechtsgutachten von Christiane Wendehorst Studien und Gutachten im Auftrag des Sachverständigenrats für Verbraucherfragen Dezember 2016 Berlin, Dezember 2016 ISSN 2365-8436 Herausgeber: Sachverständigenrat für Verbraucherfragen beim Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz Mohrenstraße 37 10117 Berlin Telefon: +49 (0) 30 18 580-0 Fax: +49 (0) 30 18 580-9525 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.svr-verbraucherfragen.de Diese Veröffentlichung ist im Internet abrufbar. © SVRV 2016 Mitglieder des SVRV Prof. Dr. Lucia Reisch (Vorsitzende) Professorin für Interkulturelle Konsumforschung und europäische Verbraucherpolitik an der Copenhagen Busi- ness School Dr. Daniela Büchel (stellv. Vorsitzende) Mitglied der Geschäftsleitung REWE für die Bereiche Human Resources und Nachhaltigkeit Prof. Dr. Gerd Gigerenzer Direktor der Abteilung „Adaptives Verhalten und Kognition“ und des Harding-Zentrums für Risikokompetenz am Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung in Berlin Helga Zander-Hayat Leiterin des Bereichs Markt und Recht bei der Verbraucherzentrale Nordrhein-Westfalen Prof. Dr. Gesche Joost Professorin für das Fachgebiet Designforschung an der Universität der Künste und Internetbotschafterin der Bun- desregierung im Gremium der „Digital Champions“ der EU Prof. Dr. Hans-Wolfgang Micklitz Professor für Wirtschaftsrecht am Europäischen Hochschulinstitut in Florenz Prof. Dr. Andreas Oehler Professor für Finanzwirtschaft an der Universität Bamberg und Direktor der Forschungsstelle Verbraucherfinan- zen und Verbraucherbildung Prof. Dr. Kirsten Schlegel-Matthies Professorin für Haushaltswissenschaft an der Universität Paderborn Prof. Dr. Gert G. Wagner Professor für Empirische Wirtschaftsforschung und Wirtschaftspolitik an der Technischen Universität Berlin, Vor- standsmitglied des Deutschen Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung und Max Planck Fellow am MPI für Bildungsfor- schung Mitarbeitende des SVRV Leiter der Geschäftsstelle: Thomas Fischer Wissenschaftlicher Stab der Geschäftsstelle: Mathias Bug, Dr. Irina Domurath, Dr. Christian Groß Eigentums- und Besitzverhältnisse im Internet der Dinge: Marktstudie Peter Gabriel Ernst Andreas Hartmann Hartmut Strese Jürgen Valldorf Christine Weiß unter Mitarbeit von Vinzenz Müller 28. Juli 2016 Inhaltsverzeichnis I 2 1 Überblick – Executive Summary ................................................................................... 5 1.1 Technische Basis der Anwendungsfelder .................................................................. 5 1.2 Tabellarische Zusammenfassung der Befunde zu besitz- und eigentumsrelevanten Aspekten ............................................................................................................................. 9 2 Einleitung ....................................................................................................................... 31 3 Anwendungsfeld Smart Home ..................................................................................... 35 3.1 Charakterisierung des Anwendungsfeldes .............................................................. 35 3.2 Marktsituation ........................................................................................................... 36 3.3 Typische Ökosysteme .............................................................................................. 39 3.4 Beispiel NEST .......................................................................................................... 41 3.4.1 Anforderungen von Nest..................................................................................... 41 3.4.2 Nutzung von und Nutzererfahrungen mit Nest ................................................... 43 3.5 Beispiel RWE SmartHome ....................................................................................... 45 3.5.1 Anforderungen von RWE ................................................................................... 46 3.5.2 Nutzererfahrungen mit RWE SmartHome .......................................................... 46 3.6 Beispiele von Anforderungen weiterer Hersteller .................................................... 48 3.7 Markttrends auf Nachfrage- und Angebotsseite ...................................................... 49 3.8 Fazit ......................................................................................................................... 51 4 Anwendungsfeld Smart Meter ..................................................................................... 52 4.1 Charakterisierung des Anwendungsfeldes .............................................................. 52 4.2 Marktsituation ........................................................................................................... 53 4.3 Markttrends auf Nachfrage- und Angebotsseite ...................................................... 57 4.4 Die Akteure im deutschen Smart Meter-Ökosystem ............................................... 60 4.5 Szenario: Die Beziehungen des Verbrauchers mit den Akteuren des Smart-Meter- Ökosystems ....................................................................................................................... 61 4.5.1 Eigentum und Installation des Geräts ................................................................ 62 4.5.2 Nutzung und Weitergabe von Verbrauchsdaten und persönlichen Daten ......... 62 4.5.3 Information des Verbrauchers ............................................................................ 63 4.5.4 Reparatur und Wechsel des Geräts ................................................................... 63 4.5.5 Zusatzdienste ..................................................................................................... 64 4.5.6 Auswahl und Wechsel des Messstellenbetreibers ............................................. 64 4.5.7 Fremdsteuerung ................................................................................................. 64 4.6 Fazit ......................................................................................................................... 64 Inhaltsverzeichnis I 3 5 Anwendungsfeld Smartphone ..................................................................................... 66 5.1 Charakterisierung des Anwendungsfeldes ......................................................... 66 5.2 Marktsituation ..................................................................................................... 66 5.3 Marktperspektiven .............................................................................................. 68 5.4 Die Akteure in den Smartphone-Ökosystemen .................................................. 68 5.5 Szenario: Die Vertragsbeziehungen des Nutzers mit den Akteuren des Android- Ökosystems..................................................................................................................... 69 5.6 Kauf und erster Start des Geräts ........................................................................ 70 5.7 Samsung ............................................................................................................ 71 5.7.1 Samsung EULA .................................................................................................. 71 5.7.2 Samsung Diagnose –Nutzungsdaten ................................................................. 72 5.7.3 Samsung-Konto .................................................................................................. 73 5.7.4 Samsung Galaxy Apps ....................................................................................... 74 5.7.5 Samsung S Health .............................................................................................. 75 5.7.6 Samsung S Voice ............................................................................................... 76 5.8 Nuance ............................................................................................................... 77 5.9 Google ................................................................................................................ 77 5.9.1 Google allgemein, Google-Dienste .................................................................... 77 5.9.2 Google-Konto ..................................................................................................... 79 5.9.3 Google Now ........................................................................................................ 81 5.9.4 Google Chrome .................................................................................................. 82 5.9.5 Google Play Store .............................................................................................. 82 5.9.6 Google Maps ...................................................................................................... 84 5.10 Flipboard ............................................................................................................. 84 5.11 Facebook ............................................................................................................ 85 5.11.1 Facebook-App ................................................................................................ 85 5.11.2 Facebook-Messenger ..................................................................................... 86 5.12 WhatsApp ..........................................................................................................
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