DOCSLIB.ORG

1996 Canadian Census Demographic Variables Imputation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1996 Canadian Census Demographic Variables Imputation 1996 CANADIAN CENSUS DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES IMPUTATION Michael Bankier, Anne-Marie Houle, Manchi Luc and Patricia Newcombe Anne-Marie Houle, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0T6, [email protected] KEYS WORDS: Minimum change hot deck imputation, resemble that single donor. inconsistent response, couple edit rules. (c) Equally good imputation actions, based on the available donors, should have a similar chance of being 1. INTRODUCTION selected to avoid falsely inflating the size of small but important groups in the population. Among the basic questions asked of every Canadian Besides respecting these objectives, the NIM on Census Day are the five questions related to the attempts to deal more effectively with the frequent demographic variables age, sex, marital status, common- response errors that were not well resolved by the E&I law status and relationship to Person 1. The responses system used in the previous censuses. To achieve this given to these questions are examined simultaneously for objective, the new methodology was developed in parallel all persons in a household to identify missing and with the modification of the edit rules such that they now inconsistent responses and to make the appropriate reflect more accurately the changes in the Canadian corrections. family structures over the last few decades. A New Imputation Methodology (NIM) was used in The objectives of an imputation methodology are the 1996 Canadian Census to carry out Edit and achieved under the NIM by first identifying the passed Imputation (E&I) for these variables. This methodology edit households which are as similar as possible to the allows, for the first time, minimum change imputation of failed edit household. This means that the two households numeric and qualitative variables simultaneously for large should match on as many of the qualitative variables as E&I problems. possible while having small differences between the There exist a variety of imputation methods. Two numeric variables. Households with these characteristics important types are deterministic imputation and hot deck are called nearest neighbours. For each nearest neighbour, imputation. Some imputation methodologies use only the smallest subsets of the non-matching variables which, deterministic imputation or only hot deck imputation, if imputed, allow the household to pass the edits, are while others incorporate the two types of imputation. The identified. One of these imputation actions which passes NIM is a hot deck imputation methodology that uses the edits and resembles both the failed edit household and some deterministic imputation in a prederive module. the passed edit household is then randomly selected. In Section 2, the objectives of an imputation The E&I system, called CANEDIT, used in the 1976 methodology are presented as well as the basic concepts to 1991 Censuses, is based on the imputation of the NIM. In Section 3, some common response errors methodology proposed by Fellegi and Holt (1976). are described and illustrated by examples. Section 4 CANEDIT, unlike the NIM, first determined the presents the major innovation in the editing of couples minimum number of variables to impute and then compared to previous censuses. Also, examples of searched for a nearest neighbour. Reversing the order of imputation actions are provided to illustrate how the NIM the operations allows the NIM to solve larger imputation works. Finally, Section 5 provides some concluding problems. remarks. In 1996, 1% of the private households of the More information on the NIM is available in Atlantic Provinces were households with total non- Bankier, Luc, Nadeau and Newcombe (1996). response while 10% of the households failed because of partial non-response only. Only 2% of the private 2. OBJECTIVES AND OVERVIEW OF THE households of these provinces had one or more variables NIM imputed because of inconsistencies. The objectives of an automated hot deck imputation 3. FREQUENT RESPONSE ERRORS methodology should be as follows: (a) The imputed household should closely resemble In the households that failed because of the failed edit household. inconsistencies, some common response errors are (b) The imputed data for a household should come observed. First, Person l's spouse is sometimes reported from a single donor, if possible, rather than two or more as a son/daughter. In the households with such an error, donors. In addition, the imputed household should closely the difference between the age of Person 1 and the age of 389 the "erroneous" son/daughter, is smaller than the accepted Table 3: NIM Imputation Action for Household of difference between the age of a parent and the age of a Table 1 child. Another frequent situation, which is not an error Relationship Marital Status C-Law Age but which needs to be dealt with carefully, is when Person Status l's spouse is not in position 2 in the household. If it is not Person 1 Married NO 35 possible to identify this person as Person l's spouse and Son Single NO 8 then make sure that the marital status and common-law Daughter Single NO 12 status of this person and of Person 1 are appropriate, there Son Single NO 15 could be a loss of legitimate couples. The household Pl's wife Married NO 36 displayed in Table 1 illustrates the two problems described. In this household, Person l's spouse is reported Another frequent situation are single son/daughters- as a son/daughter and, moreover, this person is in position in-law not living in a common-law relationship. These 5. son/daughters-in-law are also sometimes younger than 15 Table 1: Person l's spouse Reported as years old. Based on the structure of the households, it is Son/dauehter and not in Position 2 suspected that these son/daughters-in-law are in fact step- Relationship Marital C-Law Age son/daughters. The household displayed in Table 4 Status Status illustrates this situation. Person 1 Divorced NO 35 Son Single NO 8 Table 4: Step-Child Possibly Reported as Daughter Single NO 12 So n/Da ugh te r-i n-la w Son Single NO 15 Relationship Sex Marital C-Law Age Daughter Single NO 36 Status Status Person 1 M Married NO 35 For this household, the minimum change imputation Pl's wife F Married NO 47 action is to change one variable: either the age of Person Daughter-in-law F Single NO 24 1, the age of the last daughter or the relationship of this Son M Single NO 19 person. With CANEDIT the age of Person 1 was increased (see Table 2). In this imputed household, there In this household, the daughter-in-law in position 3 is only a difference of 9 years between the imputed age of is single and not living in a common-law relationship. Person 1 and the age of the oldest daughter. This is With CANEDIT, couples were not identified (except because the decade of birth was used in the edit rules with Person l's couples and their parents) and the between CANEDIT since it didn't allow the use of numeric person edit rules for couples could not be applied because variables. In 1996, numeric variables can be used, too many rules would have been required. Only within increasing the precision of the edit rules. For this person edit rules were applied, such as "A person household, the NIM changed the relationship of the last reported as a son or daughter-in-law is single and not person to Person l's husband/wife and also changed the living in a common-law relationship". The minimum marital status of Person 1 and of the last person to change imputation action was then to change either the married (see Table 3). More than the minimum number of marital status, the common-law status or the relationship variables was imputed by the NIM while CANEDIT of this person. In 1991, however, the common-law status imputed only one variable. In this situation, imputing the variable was deterministically imputed in a prederive minimum number of variables is not the right decision. module and could not be changed by imputation. Therefore, in 1991, the only two variables that could be Table 2: C.ANEDIT Imputation Action for imputed for this household to pass this edit rule were the Household of Table 1 marital status and the relationship to Person 1. If there Relationship Marital Status C-Law Age was more than one minimum set of variables to impute, Status CANEDIT selected one of them at random. Therefore, in Person I Divorced NO 45 this situation, each of the two variables had one chance in Son Single NO 8 two of being imputed, independently of the plausibility of Daughter Single NO 12 the resulting responses. For this household, CANEDIT Son Single NO 15 changed the marital status of the daughter-in-law to Daughter Single NO 36 married. This imputation action is illustrated in Table 5. The imputed household had a rare combination of responses and CANEDIT had, in this way, inflated a small group in the population. 390 Table 5: CANEDIT Imputation Action for next section. Household of Table 4 Relationship Sex Marital C-Law Age 4. THE E&I SYSTEM: A 2-STEP PROCESS Status Status Person 1 M Married NO 35 The first step is a prederive module, called Pl's wife F Married NO 47 REORDER7, in which potential couples are identified Daughter-in-law F Married NO 24 prior to imputation. The second step is the hot deck Son M Single NO 19 imputation where couple edit rules are applied to the potential couples to confirm whether these pairs are, in On the other hand, with the NIM, couples are fact, couples.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Not Strangers in These Parts | Urban Aboriginal Peoples
    ARCHIVED - Archiving Content ARCHIVÉE - Contenu archivé Archived Content Contenu archivé Information identified as archived is provided for L’information dont il est indiqué qu’elle est archivée reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It est fournie à des fins de référence, de recherche is not subject to the Government of Canada Web ou de tenue de documents. Elle n’est pas Standards and has not been altered or updated assujettie aux normes Web du gouvernement du since it was archived. Please contact us to request Canada et elle n’a pas été modifiée ou mise à jour a format other than those available. depuis son archivage. Pour obtenir cette information dans un autre format, veuillez communiquer avec nous. This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. Not Strangers in These Parts “Canada’s urban Aboriginal population offers the potential of a large, young and growing population — one that is ambitious and increasingly skilled. Let us work together to “ensure that urban Aboriginal Canadians are positioned and empowered to make an ongoing contribution to the future vitality of our cities and Canada.” Not Strangers in These Parts The Honourable Ralph Goodale, P.C., M.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Imputation of Demographic Variables from the 2001 Canadian Census of Population
    Joint Statistical Meetings - Section on Survey Research Methods IMPUTATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES FROM THE 2001 CANADIAN CENSUS OF POPULATION Patrick Mason, Michael Bankier and Paul Poirier Social Survey Methods Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0T6 I. INTRODUCTION II. OVERVIEW OF THE E&I PROCESS FOR Many minimum change imputation systems are based on THE DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES the approach proposed by Fellegi and Holt (1976). For example, CANEDIT and GEIS at Statistics Canada, and For the Canadian Census of Population, five demographic DISCRETE and SPEER at United States Bureau of the questions are asked of each person. There are questions Census all use, or had as their starting point, the Fellegi/Holt related to age, sex, marital status, common-law status and imputation methodology. In the 1996 Canadian Census of relationship to the household representative (also known as Population, a somewhat different approach was used Person1). The responses given for each of these variables successfully to impute for non-response and resolve are edited and imputed simultaneously for all persons within inconsistent responses for the demographic variables of all a household. Furthermore, while respondents are not asked persons in a household simultaneously. The method used is explicitly who are the couples and families in the household, called the Nearest-neighbour Imputation Methodology these characteristics are disseminated. Therefore these (NIM). This implementation of the NIM allowed, for the variables need to be derived and edited. first time, the simultaneous hot deck imputation of There are four steps in the E&I of the demographic qualitative and quantitative variables for large E&I variables.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Identifies with a National Ancestry Or Ethnicity
    Identifying with a National Ancestry or Ethnic Origin: A Comparative Study of Australia, Canada, and the U.S. by Sharon M. Lee and Barry Edmonston Department of Sociology and Population Research Group University of Victoria Victoria, BC, Canada August 6, 2009 Paper prepared for presentation at the XXVI IUSSP International Population Conference, September 27-October 2, 2009, Marrakech, Morocco. Please direct correspondence to Sharon M. Lee, [email protected] . Identifying with a National Ancestry or Ethnic Origin: A Comparative Study of Australia, Canada, and the U.S. Sharon M. Lee and Barry Edmonston Department of Sociology and Population Research Group University of Victoria Victoria, BC, Canada Abstract In ethnically diverse societies such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, ethnic population trends are understandably of great interest. Recently, there is a growing trend towards identifying with a national ethnicity or ancestry, such as “Australian” in Australia, “Canadian” in Canada, and “American” in the United States. The 1996 Canadian census showed that 29 percent of the population reported “Canadian” ethnic origin, a proportion that increased to 37 percent in the 2001 census. In Australia, 38 percent of the population reported their ancestry as “Australian” in the 2001 census, an increase from 24 percent in 1986. And in the United States, 9 percent of the population reported “American” ancestry in the 2000 Census compared with 6 percent in 1990. We adopt an inductive research strategy in this comparative study. We examine microdata
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 3: Population Groups and Ethnic Origins
    Ethnicity SEriES A Demographic Portrait of Manitoba Volume 3 Population Groups and Ethnic Origins Sources: Statistics Canada. 2001 and 2006 Censuses – 20% Sample Data Publication developed by: Statistics Canada information is used with the permission of Statistics Canada. Manitoba Immigration and Users are forbidden to copy the data and redisseminate them, in an original or Multiculturalism modified form, for commercial purposes, without permission from Statistics And supported by: Canada. Information on the availability of the wide range of data from Statistics Canada can be obtained from Statistics Canada’s Regional Offices, its World Wide Citizenship and Immigration Canada Web site at www.statcan.gc.ca, and its toll-free access number 1-800-263-1136. Contents Introduction 2 Canada’s Population Groups 3 manitoba’s Population Groups 4 ethnic origins 5 manitoba Regions 8 Central Region 10 Eastern Region 13 Interlake Region 16 Norman Region 19 Parklands Region 22 Western Region 25 Winnipeg Region 28 Winnipeg Community Areas 32 Assiniboine South 34 Downtown 36 Fort Garry 38 Inkster 40 Point Douglas 42 River East 44 River Heights 46 Seven Oaks 48 St. Boniface 50 St. James 52 St. Vital 54 Transcona 56 Vol. 3 Population Groups and Ethnic Origins 1 Introduction Throughout history, generations of The ethnicity series is made up of three volumes: immigrants have arrived in Manitoba to start a new life. Their presence is 1. Foreign-born Population celebrated in our communities. Many This volume presents the population by country of birth. It focuses on the new immigrants, and a large number foreign-born population and its recent regional distribution across Manitoba.
    [Show full text]
  • The Market Worth of Immigrants' Educational Credentials
    The Market WorthThe Market of Worth Immigrants’ of Immigrants’ Educational Credentials 23 Educational Credentials PETER S. LI Department of Sociology and Prairie Centre of Excellence for Research on Immigration and Integration University of Saskatchewan Bien que les universitaires et les législateurs s’intéressent aux diplômes des immigrés, la valeur exacte de ces diplômes sur le marché est incertaine. Notre étude utilise les microdonnées du Recensement Canadien de 1996 pour comparer les salaires de quatre groupes: les diplômés natifs du Canada; les immigrés possé- dant des diplômes canadiens; les immigrés possédant des diplômes d’origines diverses; les immigrés possé- dant des diplômes étrangers. Il apparaît que les diplômes des immigrés sont pénalisés par rapport à ceux des Canadiens de naissance et que la possession d’un diplôme étranger est plus défavorable aux minorités visibles, aux immigrés, hommes et femmes, qu’aux Canadiens de race blanche; il apparaît également que le genre et la race des diplômés font aussi l’objet d’une évaluation. L’adoption de politiques pour que soient reconnus les diplômes étrangers remédiera à certaines disparités salariales, mais les inégalités fondées sur le genre et la race risquent fort de subsister. Despite academic and policy interests on immigrants’ credentials, their precise market worth is unclear. This study uses the 1996 Canadian Census microdata to compare the earnings for four groups: native-born Canadian degree-holders; immigrant Canadian degree-holders; immigrant mixed education degree-holders; and immigrant foreign degree-holders. The findings indicate that immigrants’ credentials carry a penalty compared to those of native-born Canadians, and that a foreign degree affects visible-minority immigrants, women and men, more adversely than white Canadians; as well, credential holders’ gender and race are also being evaluated.
    [Show full text]
  • Best Practices in Increasing Aboriginal PS Enrolment Rates…
    Best Practices in Increasing Aboriginal Postsecondary Enrolment Rates Prepared for The Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC) Prepared by R.A. Malatest & Associates Ltd. 3rd Floor 910 View Street Victoria, BC V8V 3L5 Phone: (250) 384-2770 Fax: (250) 384-2774 May 2002 Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................... 4 Section A INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY........................................................... 5 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 5 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 7 Methodological Challenges ................................................................................................. 9 Section B THE STATE OF ABORIGINAL POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION................ 11 Aboriginal Education Attainment Data.............................................................................. 11 Barriers to Aboriginal Postsecondary Success in Canada ............................................... 14 Existing Initiatives or Programs......................................................................................... 21 Section C BEST PRACTICES: LESSONS AND SHORTCOMINGS ...............................
    [Show full text]
  • Age, Sex, Marital Status and Common-Law Status I 1996 Census Technical Reports Table of Contents
    Catalogue No. 92-353-XIE $JH6H[0DULWDO6WDWXV DQG&RPPRQODZ6WDWXV &HQVXV7HFKQLFDO5HSRUWV &(1686 Data in many forms Statistics Canada disseminates data in a variety of forms. In addition to publications, both standard and special tabulations are offered. Data are available on the Internet, compact disc, diskette, computer printouts, microfiche and microfilm, and magnetic tape. Maps and other geographic reference materials are available for some types of data. How to obtain more information Inquiries about this publication and related statistics or services should be directed to the Statistics Canada Regional Reference Centre in: Halifax (902) 426-5331 Regina (306) 780-5405 Montréal (514) 283-5725 Edmonton (403) 495-3027 Ottawa (613) 951-8116 Calgary (403) 292-6717 Toronto (416) 973-6586 Vancouver (604) 666-3691 Winnipeg (204) 983-4020 You can also visit our World Wide Web site: http://www.statcan.ca Toll-free access is provided for all users who reside outside the local dialing area of any of the Regional Reference Centres. National inquiries line 1 800 263-1136 National telecommunications device for the hearing impaired 1 800 363-7629 Order-only line (Canada and United States) 1 800 267-6677 Ordering/Subscription information Catalogue No. 92-353-XIE is available on Internet free. Standards of service to the public Statistics Canada is committed to serving its clients in a prompt, reliable and courteous manner and in the official language of their choice. To this end, the agency has developed standards of service which its employees observe in serving its clients. To obtain a copy of these service standards, please contact your nearest Statistics Canada Regional Reference Centre.
    [Show full text]
  • Not Strangers in These Parts | Urban Aboriginal Peoples
    Not Strangers in These Parts “Canada’s urban Aboriginal population offers the potential of a large, young and growing population — one that is ambitious and increasingly skilled. Let us work together to “ensure that urban Aboriginal Canadians are positioned and empowered to make an ongoing contribution to the future vitality of our cities and Canada.” Not Strangers in These Parts The Honourable Ralph Goodale, P.C., M.P. Urban Aboriginal Peoples Federal Interlocutor for Métis” and Non-Status Indians Lead Minister for the Urban Aboriginal Strategy Presentation to the Expanding Prairie Horizons – 2020 Visions Symposium, Winnipeg, Manitoba, March 7, 2003 70 % | 0 % Urban Aboriginal Peoples Percent Distribution of Aboriginal People in Winnipeg – 2001 Edited by David Newhouse & Evelyn Peters Not Strangers in These Parts Urban Aboriginal Peoples Edited by David Newhouse & Evelyn Peters CP22-71/2003 ISBN 0-662-67604-1 Table of Contents Preface . .3 Acknowledgements . 4 Introduction . 5 Urban Aboriginal Populations: An Update Using 2001 Census Results . 15 Definitions of Aboriginal Peoples . 20 The Presence of Aboriginal Peoples in Quebec’s Cities: Multiple Movements, Diverse Issues . 23 Fuzzy Definitions and Population Explosion: Changing Identities of Aboriginal Groups in Canada . 35 Aboriginal Mobility and Migration Within Urban Canada: Outcomes, Factors and Implications . 51 Urban Residential Patterns of Aboriginal People in Canada . 79 Aboriginal Languages in Canada’s Urban Areas: Characteristics, Considerations and Implications . 93 The Challenge of Measuring the Demographic and Socio-Economic Conditions of the Urban Aboriginal Population . 119 The Marginalization of Aboriginal Women in Montréal . 131 Prospects for a New Middle Class Among Urban Aboriginal People . 147 Ensuring the Urban Dream: Shared Responsibility and Effective Urban Aboriginal Voices .
    [Show full text]
  • Competing on Creativity: Placing Ontario's Cities in North American Context
    Competing on Creativity: Placing Ontario’s Cities in North American Context A report prepared for the Ontario Ministry of Enterprise, Opportunity and Innovation and the Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity Meric S. Gertler Richard Florida Gary Gates Tara Vinodrai November 2002 Executive Summary Creativity has replaced raw materials or natural harbours as the crucial wellspring of economic growth. To be successful in this emerging creative age, regions must develop, attract and retain talented and creative people who generate innovations, develop technology- intensive industries and power economic growth. Such talented people are not spread equally across nations or places, but tend to concentrate within particular city-regions. The most successful city-regions are the ones that have a social environment that is open to creativity and diversity of all sorts. The ability to attract creative people in arts and culture fields and to be open to diverse groups of people of different ethnic, racial and lifestyle groups provides distinct advantages to regions in generating innovations, growing and attracting high- technology industries, and spurring economic growth. This report examines the relationship between talent, technology, creativity and diversity in city-regions in Ontario – and Canada more generally – and compares these to the relationships found to exist in American metropolitan regions. Our findings strongly indicate that the relationships first captured for US city-regions in the work of Florida and colleagues are also evident in Canadian city-regions. If anything, the relationships in Canada are stronger than those found in the United States. In particular, we find that a vibrant local creative class and openness to diversity attract knowledge workers in Ontario and Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigration in Canada: Context, Assimilation and Labour Market Impacts
    IMMIGRATION IN CANADA: CONTEXT, ASSIMILATION AND LABOUR MARKET IMPACTS Mary Lela Grant A thesis submitted in conforrnity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Economics University of Toronto O Copyright by Mary Lela Grant 1999 National Library Bibliothèque natio~le 1*1 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. me Wellington OttawaOfU KlAON4 Ottawa ON K1A CiN4 Canada CaMda The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive Licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sel1 reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfonn, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/fiIm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantid extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otheMrise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author' s ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Immigration in Canada: Context, Assimilation and Labour Market Impacts Doctor of Philosophy, 1999 Mary L. Grant Department of Economics, University of Toronto Abstract In Chapter 1, 1 introduce the reader to immigration in Canada. This includes the contextual environment. immigration policies and brief reviews of three types of immigrant studies: those on assimilation, those on take-up rates of transfer payments and those on the labour market impact of immigration on native-born Canadians, In Chapter II, 1 investigate the economic assimilation experienced by immigrants over the 1980s.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Dimensions of Canada's Newly Emerging Diaspora
    Canadians Abroad Project Project Paper Series #09-1 January 2009 Profiling Canadians in the United States and Hong Kong By Don J. DeVoretz & Michele Battisti Copyright ©2009 Don J. DeVoretz and Michele Battisti Electronic copy available at: http://www.canadiansabroad.ca under publications Canadians Abroad Project Paper Series #09-1 Profiling Canadians in the United States and Hong Kong1 by Don J. DeVoretz2 and Michele Battisti3 “The review of the law allowing people to carry a Canadian passport along with the citizenship of another country appears to be on a fast track, particularly after the government began tallying the costs and results of evacuating thousands of dual-passport holders from Lebanon during the recent conflict between Hezbollah and Israel.” Dual citizenship faces review: Evacuation from Lebanon hastened rethinking, National Post, September 21, 2006. Introduction Dramatic events such as the Canadian dual citizenship controversy arising in the Lebanese context circa 2006 often highlight long simmering issues which were formally the purview of a few Canadian academics or think-tank analysts.4 The current debate about the efficacy of Canada‟s dual citizenship policy highlights the more fundamental issues emanating from Canada‟s growing diaspora. In his path-breaking work Zhang (2006) made the first attempt at estimating the size of Canada‟s current diaspora. In short, he argues that, circa 2006, approximately 2.7 million Canadian citizens were living abroad; in turn this constituted approximately 8.8% of Canada‟s total population. The purpose of this paper is to delve further into the issues raised by Zhang by investigating Canada‟s diaspora in the United States and Hong Kong.
    [Show full text]
  • People, Products and Services
    Catalogue no. 21F0003GIE People, Products and Services Agriculture Division, 2002 March 2002 Statistics Statistique Canada Canada REGIONAL REFERENCE CENTRES Enquiries Line National Capital Region Manitoba (Canada and United States) Statistical Reference Centre Advisory Services 1 800 263-1136 Statistics Canada Statistics Canada Telecommunications Device R.H. Coats Building, Lobby VIA Rail Building, Suite 200 for the Hearing Impaired Holland Avenue 123 Main Street 1 800 363-7629 Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6 Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 4V9 Toll-Free Order Only Line Local calls: (613) 951-8116 Local calls: (204) 983-4020 (Canada and United States) Fax: (613) 951-0581 Fax: (204) 983-7543 1 800 267-6677 Atlantic Region Serving the province of Ontario Saskatchewan Serving the provinces of except the National Capital Region Advisory Services Newfoundland and Labrador, Statistics Canada Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Advisory Services Park Plaza, Suite 440 Island and New Brunswick. Statistics Canada 2365 Albert Street Arthur Meighen Building, 10th Floor Regina, Saskatchewan Advisory Services 25 St. Clair Avenue East S4P 4K1 Statistics Canada Toronto, Ontario M4T 1M4 Local calls: (306) 780-5405 1741 Brunswick Street Local calls: (416) 973-6586 Fax: (306) 780-5403 2nd Floor, Box 11 Fax: (416) 973-7475 Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3X8 Local calls: (902) 426-5331 Fax: (902) 426-9538 Quebec Region Pacific Region Alberta and the Northwest Territories Serving the province of Quebec and Serving British Columbia and Advisory Services the Territory of Nunavut except the the Yukon Territory. Statistics Canada National Capital Region. Pacific Plaza, Suite 900 Advisory Services 10909 Jasper Avenue, N.W. Advisory Services Statistics Canada Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4J3 Statistics Canada Library Square Office Tower Local calls: (780) 495-3027 200 René Lévesque Blvd.
    [Show full text]