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Perspectives of Primary School Children of Filipino Immigrants on Their Home and School Experiences in South Australia

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Perspectives of Primary School Children of Filipino Immigrants on Their Home and School Experiences in South Australia Perspectives of primary school children of Filipino immigrants on their home and school experiences in South Australia Marizon Guillermo Yu BS Economics; MA Education Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Education, Faculty of the Professions The University of Adelaide February 2014 Table of contents Table of contents ................................................................................................................... i List of tables and figures ......................................................................................... vi Tables ............................................................................................................. vi Figures ............................................................................................................ vi Abstract .............................................................................................................................. vii Declaration ........................................................................................................................ viii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1. The research questions and aims .................................................................... 2 1.2. Theoretical framework and methodology: overview and justification ............... 6 1.3. Self-reflection ................................................................................................... 8 1.4. Significance and contribution of the study...................................................... 11 1.5. Limitations ..................................................................................................... 12 1.6. Organisation of the thesis .............................................................................. 13 Chapter 2 Review of literature and related studies ........................................................ 14 2.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 14 2.2. The ethos of the Filipino ................................................................................ 15 2.2.1. Values on family ................................................................................... 19 2.2.1.1. Children in Filipino families .................................................. 21 2.2.2. Values on relationships with others ...................................................... 25 2.2.3. Values on religion................................................................................. 27 2.2.4. Values on schooling ............................................................................. 28 2.2.4.1. The Philippine Basic Education Curriculum ......................... 31 Page i of ix 2.3. Filipino migration to Australia: an overview .................................................... 36 2.3.1. Philippine-born population of Australia and South Australia ................. 37 2.4. Culturally diverse Australia ............................................................................ 45 2.4.1. Australian values in schools ................................................................. 49 2.4.2. The Australian Curriculum .................................................................... 51 2.4.3. Children of Filipino immigrants ............................................................. 53 2.5. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 57 Chapter 3 Theoretical framework................................................................................... 59 3.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 59 3.2. Rationale for the framework ........................................................................... 59 3.3. Symbolic interactionism: pragmatist contribution and basic principles ........... 60 3.3.1. Key concepts ....................................................................................... 71 3.3.1.1. The self and others ............................................................. 71 3.3.1.2. Identity and roles ................................................................. 75 3.3.1.3. Socialisation of children ....................................................... 78 3.3.1.3.1. Family as primary socialisation ............................ 79 3.3.1.3.2. Peer socialisation ................................................ 82 3.3.1.3.3. Media socialisation of children ............................. 83 3.3.1.3.4. School socialisation of immigrant children ........... 87 3.3.1.4. Interactionist view of coping ................................................ 95 3.3.2. Some criticisms of the framework ........................................................ 96 3.4. Researching Filipino immigrant children’s home and school experiences ..... 98 3.5. Conclusion ................................................................................................... 100 Chapter 4 Methodology ............................................................................................... 103 4.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 103 Page ii of ix 4.2. Symbolic interactionism and qualitative methodology .................................. 103 4.3. The researcher as instrument in this study .................................................. 107 4.4. The research participants ............................................................................ 117 4.5. Interviewing.................................................................................................. 120 4.5.1. The interview questions ..................................................................... 125 4.6. Transcribing and translating......................................................................... 126 4.7. Data analysis ............................................................................................... 128 4.8. Addressing validity and reliability in qualitative research ............................. 131 4.9. Conclusion ................................................................................................... 136 Chapter 5 Perspectives on home socialisation ............................................................ 137 5.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 137 5.2. Reasons for coming to Australia .................................................................. 138 5.2.1. Living conditions in the Philippines ..................................................... 138 5.2.2. Influence of significant others ............................................................. 140 5.2.3. Image of Australia .............................................................................. 143 5.3. Interaction in the home ................................................................................ 147 5.3.1. Relationship with parents and siblings ............................................... 148 5.3.1.1. The parents of the participants .......................................... 151 5.3.1.2. The siblings ....................................................................... 155 5.3.2. Language use at home ...................................................................... 160 5.3.3. Socialisation through food and mealtime activity ................................ 164 5.3.4. Routines, responsibilities, and rules ................................................... 171 5.3.5. Religious engagement ....................................................................... 175 5.3.6. Vacations, shopping, and other leisure activities ................................ 177 5.4. Conclusion ................................................................................................... 181 Page iii of ix Chapter 6 Perspectives on school socialisation ........................................................... 183 6.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 183 6.2. Schooling in the Philippines ......................................................................... 184 6.2.1. Perspectives on the physical characteristics of the school ................. 185 6.2.2. Perspectives on school work and related activities ............................ 187 6.2.3. Perspectives on teachers in the Philippines ....................................... 190 6.2.4. Perspectives on their classmates in the Philippines ........................... 191 6.3. Experiences in South Australian schools ..................................................... 193 6.3.1. Daily preparation for school and related routines ............................... 194 6.3.2. Perspectives on the school’s physical environment and resources .... 197 6.3.3. Perspectives on school work and other related activities ................... 199 6.3.3.1. Learning the English language .......................................... 199 6.3.3.2. Subject preferences and their pedagogical features ......... 200 6.3.3.3. Involvement in co-curricular activities ................................ 206 6.3.4. Perspectives on teachers ..................................................................
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