Reading Practice 1

Home , Abigail Williams, Bridget Bishop, Elizabeth Howe, Elizabeth Proctor, George Burroughs, Giles Corey

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The Crucible Essential Skills Version

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APPLIED PRACTICE Resource Guide The Crucible Essential Skills Version

Teacher Notes A Note for Teachers ...... 5

Teaching Resources Strategies for Multiple-Choice Reading Questions ...... 9

Strategies for Open-Ended Reading Questions ...... 10 Strategies for Essay Questions ...... 11

Student Practices Reading Practices ...... 13 Writing Practices ...... 53

Answer Keys and Explanations Reading and Writing Answer Keys ...... 75 Answer Explanations ...... 83

Read the selection from Act One of The Crucible which begins with the description of Proctor (beginning “Proctor was a farmer”) and ends just before the entrance of Reverend Hale (“‘I’ll clap a writ on you’”) and choose the best answer to each question.

1 In the first paragraph of Proctor’s description, the statement but there is evidence to suggest serves primarily to —

A show that the playwright is unclear about Proctor’s character

B remind the reader that the events of the play are historical

C emphasize the playwright’s objectivity and fairness

D foreshadow that Proctor will be involved in a trial

2 The playwright’s attitude toward John Proctor could best be characterized as one of —

A skepticism

B perplexity

C admiration

D envy

3 In the conversation between Proctor and Abigail, Proctor’s words “I may have looked up” suggest that —

A he is anxious to appease Abigail

B there is some truth to Abigail’s claim

C he is not sure about his own actions

D Abigail knows Proctor better than he knows himself

A Elizabeth Proctor has been spreading rumors about Abigail.

B Proctor refuses to admit his feelings for Abigail.

C Elizabeth Proctor dismissed Abigail against her husband’s wishes.

D Proctor insists that he will have nothing more to do with Abigail.

5 Which of the following means the opposite of the word wintry as it is used in Abigail’s statement to Proctor, “You are no wintry man”?

A Passionate

B Feeble

C Calculating

D Unemotional

6 Giles Corey’s first words in response to Rebecca’s warning to “keep the quiet” show him to be —

A defensive

B judgmental

C self-righteous

D scornful

7 Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the final two paragraphs of the authorial description of Rebecca Nurse?

A The desire for revenge can often explain the way people behave.

B Some families in Salem decided to establish their own independent community.

C The Putnams had good reason to believe that Rebecca was a witch.

D Some accusations of witchcraft sprang from old hostilities.

I am not some preaching farmer with a book under my arm.

This line suggests that Parris —

A believes farmers in the community are treated more respectfully than he is

B has abandoned the farming life for the ministry

C feels that he is unfairly being treated with disdain

D is proud of being one of the few literate people in the community

9 “A child’s spirit is like a child, you can never catch it by running after it;” is a(n)—

A cliché

B understatement

C simile

D benchmark

10 When Parris is speaking about his salary he uses the words “persecuted,” “howling,” and “devil,” which evoke images of —

A chaos

B warfare

C storms

D hell

11 How is foreshadowing evident in the second paragraph describing Rebecca Nurse? Support your answer with evidence from the selection. (short answer)

12 Why did the families allied with Topsfield stop attending church? Support your answer with evidence from the selection. (short answer)

Timeline of Salem Witch Trials 1629: Salem is settled. 1641: English law makes witchcraft a capital crime. 1688: Following an argument with laundress Goody Glover, Martha Goodwin, 13, begins exhibiting bizarre behavior. Days later, her younger brother and two sisters exhibit similar behavior. Glover is arrested and tried for bewitching the Goodwin children. January 20, 1692: Eleven-year-old Abigail Williams and nine-year-old Elizabeth Parris begin behaving much as the Goodwin children acted four years earlier. Soon Ann Putnam Jr. and other Salem girls begin acting similarly. Mid-February, 1692: Doctor Griggs, who attends to the “afflicted” girls, suggests that witchcraft may be the cause of their strange behavior. February 25, 1692: Tituba, at the request of neighbor Mary Sibley, bakes a “witch cake” and feeds it to a dog. According to an English folk remedy, feeding a dog this kind of cake, which contained the urine of the afflicted, would counteract the spell put on Elizabeth and Abigail. The reason the cake is fed to a dog is that the dog is believed to be a “familiar” of the Devil. February 29, 1692: Arrest warrants are issued for Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborne. March 11, 1692: Ann Putnam, Jr., shows symptoms of affliction by witchcraft. Mercy Lewis, Mary Walcott, and Mary Warren later allege affliction as well. March 12, 1692: Ann Putnam, Jr., accuses Martha Corey of witchcraft. March 19. 1692: Abigail Williams denounces Rebecca Nurse as a witch. March 21, 1692: Magistrates Hathorne and Corwin examine Martha Corey. March 23, 1692: Salem Marshal Deputy Samuel Brabrook arrests four-year-old Dorcas Good. March 24, 1692: Corwin and Hathorne examine Rebecca Nurse. March 28, 1692: Elizabeth Proctor is accused of witchcraft. April 3, 1692: Sarah Cloyce, after defending her sister, Rebecca Nurse, is accused of witchcraft. April 11, 1692: Hathorne and Corwin examine Sarah Cloyce and Elizabeth Proctor. On the same day Elizabeth's husband, John, who protested the examination of his wife, becomes the first man accused of witchcraft and is incarcerated. Early April, 1692: The Proctors’ servant and accuser, Mary Warren, admits lying and accuses the other accusing girls of lying. June 10, 1692: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill. June 15, 1692: Cotton Mather writes a letter requesting the court not use spectral evidence as a standard and urging that the trials be speedy. July 19, 1692: Rebecca Nurse, Susannah Martin, Elizabeth Howe, Sarah Good, and Sarah Wildes are hanged at Gallows Hill. August 19, 1692: George Jacobs, Sr., Martha Carrier, George Burroughs, John Willard, and John Proctor are hanged on Gallows Hill. Elizabeth Proctor is not hanged because she is pregnant. September 19, 1692: Sheriffs administer “Peine Forte Et Dure” (pressing) to Giles Corey after he refuses to enter a plea to the charges of witchcraft against him. After two days under the weight, Corey dies. January 14, 1697: The General Court orders a day of fasting and soul-searching for the tragedy at Salem. 1697: Minister Samuel Parris is ousted as minister in Salem and replaced by Joseph Green. 1957: Massachusetts formally apologizes for the events of 1692.

A 1629

B 1692

C 1957

D 2006

14 Who is the first person who was hanged for witchcraft according to this timeline?

A Elizabeth Proctor

B John Proctor

C Tituba

D Bridget Bishop

15 If the event that occurred on January 20, 1692, had not happened, the events of which of the following dates would most likely have been different?

A March 19. 1692

B March 23, 1692

C June 15, 1692

D January 14, 1697

16 Which of the following statements is not supported by the information in the timeline?

A All of the people who died because of the witchcraft hysteria died by hanging.

B People as young as four years old were arrested.

C Witchcraft was officially a crime.

D During the 1690s some officials recognized the injustice of the trials.

A To give the reader a sense of how old the community was

B Timelines always have to start at the earliest possible date.

C There needed to be some entry before the witchcraft was mentioned.

D So the timeline would cover over 300 years

Frank has written a paper on the life of Arthur Miller for his English class. He has asked that you read the paper and make suggestions for corrections and improvements. When you finish reading the paper, answer the multiple-choice questions that follow.

Arthur Miller

(1) Arthur Aster Miller was born on October 17, 1915, the second child of Isadore and Augusta Miller. (2) He was born in Harlem, which at that time was an elegant diverse neighborhood, and his family was relatively wealthy.

(3) Isadore Miller, a Jewish immigrant from Poland, was a successful clothing manufacturer, and Augusta Miller was a schoolteacher. (4) His father’s business failed in 1929. (5) When his father’s business failed, Arthur’s family moved to Brooklyn. (6) In Brooklyn, Arthur graduated from Abraham Lincoln

High School in 1932. (7) By this time, Miller had decided he wanted to be a writer, but the family did not have enough money to finance a university education. (8) After working two and a half years at various jobs, Miller had earned enough money to pay for his first year at the University of Michigan, where he would study journalism, drama, and English.

(9) While at the university, Miller wrote numerous plays, and many of them received awards which would help finance his studies. (10) In 1937, he won the Theatre Guild Bureau of New Plays Prize for his play They Too Arise, sharing the Award with fellow playwright, Tennessee Williams. (11) Miller graduated in 1938 with a Bachelor of Arts in English.

(12) After graduation, Miller turned down a good offer to be a scriptwriter for Twentieth Century Fox in Hollywood, choosing rather to devote himself to writing plays and radio scripts. (13) In 1940, he married

(14) Because of a football injury, Miller spent the 1940s, exempted from

military service in World War II, writing and producing plays. (15) After his

first Broadway play, The Man Who Had All the Luck, closed after just four

performances, Miller decided to write one more play before giving up hope of

Broadway success. (16) His next effort, All My Sons, fulfilled Millers dream

and received the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award. (17) Two years later,

in 1949, Miller produced Death of a Salesman, which won a Pulitzer Prize and

is widely regarded as one of the great American plays of the twentieth

century. (18) The play was later filmed by director Elia Kazan.

(19) During the McCarthy era, Miller was suspected, like many in the

arts, of being a communist sympathizer. (20) His 1953 play The Crucible is

set in 1692 during the time of the Salem witch trials. (21) Miller used the

events of the witch hunts to create an allegory for Joseph McCarthy’s Un-

American Activities Committee, and when the play was produced in Brussels,

Belgium, in 1954, the State Department denied Miller the passport he would

need to attend the play’s opening. (22) Although The Crucible was not

successful on Broadway, it became one of Miller’s most-produced plays.

(23) Arthur Miller’s personal life claimed the spotlight in 1956.

(24) During that year, he was called before the House Un-American Activities

Committee, where he refused to give names of those who have attended

meetings organized by communist sympathizers. (25) In the same year,

Miller divorced his wife and then married actress Marilyn Monroe; however,

this marriage ended in divorce in 1961. (26) Miller was convicted of contempt

62 ©2017 by Applied Practice, Dallas, TX. All rights reserved. of Congress, but the conviction was later overturned on appeal. (27) Monroe would later star in The Misfits, for which Miller wrote the screenplay.

(28) During the 1960s, Miller collaborated on two travel books on

Russia and China with his third wife, photographer Ingeborg Morath.

(29) Their daughter Rebecca was born in 1963. (30) Throughout the sixties and seventies, Miller continued to write plays, and when the Belgian National

Theatre staged a twenty-fifth anniversary production of The Crucible in 1978,

Miller was able to attend. (31) Miller worked tirelessly to stop persecution of writers in communist countries, and in 1986, he was one of fifteen writers and scientists invited to travel to the Soviet Union and meet Mikhail

Gorbachev for a discussion of Soviet politics.

(32) Throughout the 1990s, Miller continued to experience one literary success after another, and in 2002, he was honored with Spain’s Principe de

Asturias Prize for Literature, the first time a U. S. writer received the award.

(33) In his work, Miller combines social awareness with keen insights into personal weaknesses, and this combination keeps his plays fresh decades after they were written and will certainly insure Miller’s place in literary history as one of the most greatest American dramatists ever.

A His father’s business failed in 1929; when his father’s business failed, his family moved to Brooklyn, which is where Arthur graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1932.

B When his father’s business failed, Arthur’s family moved to Brooklyn and graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1932.

C When his father’s business failed in 1929, Arthur’s family moved to Brooklyn, where he graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in 1932.

D Arthur’s family moved to Brooklyn in 1929 after his father’s business failed, Arthur graduated from Abraham Lincoln High School in Brooklyn in 1932.

2 To clarify the meaning of sentence 12, Raven should change —

A After graduation to Later

B Miller to he

C good to lucrative

D choosing to opting

3 What is the most effective way to rewrite sentence 14?

A Because of a football injury, Miller spent the 1940s writing and producing plays and exempted from military service in World War II.

B Exempted from military service in World War II, Miller spent the 1940s writing and producing plays because of a football injury.

C Miller spent the 1940s writing and producing plays exempted from military service in World War II because of a football injury.

D Exempted from military service in World War II because of a football injury, Miller spent the 1940s writing and producing plays.

4 Raven wants to improve the organization of the fifth paragraph (sentences 23-27). What change should she make?

A Reverse sentences 25 and 26

B Delete sentence 26

C Move sentence 25 so that it follows sentence 23

D Move sentence 26 to the end of the paragraph

Practice 1

1. B Parris catches the girls dancing in the forest [RL 5] 2. C instincts as a person in a subordinate position [RL 4] 3. A even educated people in this society believe in witchcraft [RL 1] 4. D Definition 4 [L 4c] 5. C primarily concerned about himself [RL 3] 6. A Abigail considers herself too good to do housework [RL 3] 7. D accused others of witchcraft out of revenge [RL 1] 8. B The audience would feel suspicious of both Parris and Abigail [RL 4] 9. A Arthur Miller, The Crucible, inspiration [W 7] 10. D know about the history of religion and witchcraft in Colonial America [RL 6] 11. Answers will vary. A good answer will explain that the passage is set in the house of Reverend Parris, the town’s minister. This serves to heighten the dramatic tension surrounding the rumors of witchcraft since the suspected compact with the devil may have reached to the very heart of the religious community, the house of their minister. [RL 5] prohibited. 12. Answers will vary. A good answer will explain that the word “vindictive” means “vengeful” or “desiring revenge.” The first two paragraphs describe the rejection of Putnam’s wife’s brother-in-law for the position of minister and Putnam’s resentment over this snub. The first sentence of the third paragraph promises a demonstration of Putnam’s “vindictive nature” and describes Putnam’s cruel treatment of George Burroughs, who had had been elected minister, thus exacting a kind of revenge for the way he had been treated. [L 4a] 13. D sometimes informing on another person is the right thing to do [RI 7] 14. B show that the word is being used strictlyironically [RI 7]

Practice 2

1. B remind the reader that the events of the play are historical [RL 4] 2. C admiration [RL 1] 3. B there is some truth to Abigail’s claim [RL 1] 4. D Proctor insists that he will have nothing more to do with Abigail. [RL 1] 5. A Passionate [L 4a] 6. A defensive [RL 3] 7. D Some accusations of witchcraft sprang from old hostilities. [RL 2] 8. C feels that he is unfairly being treated with disdain [RL 3] 9. C simile [L 5a] 10. D hell [RL 4] 11. Answers will vary. A good answer will explain that the foreshadowing occurs in the last sentence of the paragraph and shows not only that Rebecca will be accused of witchcraft (“to explain how anyone dared cry her out for a witch”), but also that she will be arrested on this charge (“how adults could bring themselves to lay hands on her”). [RL 5] Photocopying

76 ©2017 by Applied Practice, Dallas, TX. All rights reserved. 10. (C) Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. New York: Penguin Books, 1982. In answer choice A “arthur” should be capitalized. In answer choice B the place (New York) and the publisher (Penguin) are switched. In answer choice D “Arthur Miller” should be written “Miller, Arthur.”

11. See answer key for explanation.

12. See answer key for explanation.

13. (B) 1692. There are 25 events on the timeline, and 19 of them took place in 1692.

14. (D) Bridget Bishop. According to the timeline, Bridget Bishop was hanged on June 10th, 1692. There are not any hangings recorded before hers.

15. (A) March 19. 1692. On January 20th, Abigailprohibited. Williams began behaving much as the Goodwin children acted four years earlier – she was acting as if she was being “possessed” and as if she could see the Devil in other people. If she had not started acting like this, she would not have been likely to accuse Rebecca Nurse of being a witch, which is what happened on March 19th. The other dates do not relate directly to Abigail or the other girls mentioned on the January 20th entry.

16. (A) All of the people who strictlydied because of the witchcraft hysteria died by hanging. According to the timeline, sheriffs administered “Peine Forte Et Dure” (pressing) to Giles Corey after he refused to enter a plea to the charges of witchcraft against him. After two days under the weight, Corey died. So he is the exception to the above statement. The 4-year-old who was arrested is Dorcas Good on March 23, 1692. English law made witchcraft a capital crime in 1641, and on January 13, 1697, the General Court ordered a day of fasting and soul-searching for the tragedy at Salem, implicitly communicating that they recognized the injustice of the trials.

17. (A) To give the reader a sense of how old the community was. The timeline starts with the establishment of Salem so the reader can see how relatively young and “immature” the village was. It adds context and therefore meaning to the overall story of the timeline. Photocopying