Marketing Fragment 6 X 10.5.T65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85063-6 - The Cambridge Companion to the Fin de Siecle Edited by Gail Marshall Index More information

INDEX

Abbott, Edwin A., Flatland 198 Arnold, Matthew 227–8 Aberdeen Act (1845) 102 art see avant-garde; visual arts Achurch, Janet 4 ‘art for art’s sake’ 135–40 acquisition, as basis of empire 94–5 see also aestheticism cultural reflections 95–9 Arts and Crafts movement 118–19, 140–1 actresses 209–14 Ashbee, C. R. 140–1 masculine attributes 214–17 Aurier, Albert 143 see also Sarah Bernhardt; Eleanora Duse; Austen, Jane 174 Ellen Terry; drama; women Austin, Alfred 35, 223– 4 Adorno, Theodor W. 229 authors The Adult (periodical) 66 difficulties facing 115 adventure fiction 182–3 tuition 123 rise in popularity 93, 101, 109 see also industry; publishing; women aestheticism/Aesthetes avant-garde escapist appeal 36–7 art 131–2 ethos 32–3, 34, 35–6, 113–14 drama 208–9 magazine contributions by 117 Aveling, Edward 77, 78, 80 and poetry 229–30 and realism 182–4 Bain, Alexander 16, 23 satirised 36 Baldwin, J. M. 24 self-referencing/parody 48–9 Balzac, Honore´de172–3 and sexuality 67–9, 98–9 Banville, The´odore de 224 see also ‘art for art’s sake’ Barbosa, Rui 107–8 Africa, compared with London 106–7 Bateman, John 75 Albuquerque, Afonso de 103 Baudelaire, Charles 13, 39, 132, 135, 227 Allen, Grant 73, 195 Les Fleurs du mal 33, 34, 217 The British Barbarians 204 Bax, Belfort 77, 84 The Great Taboo 204 Baynes, Thomas Spencer 35 Philistia/For Mamie’s Sake 76 Beardsley, Aubrey 8, 31, 116, 119, 121, 131, The Woman Who Did 67, 154, 162 150, 209, 230 Andersen, Hans Christian 196 critical condemnation 2–3 androgyny, artistic representations 147 death 2, 151 ‘Anglo-Indian Optimist’, Essays: Fin de illustrations for Salome´ 40, 56, 148–50 siecle 100 and The Yellow Book 41, 43–8, 120, 124 anthropology 14–16 ‘The Comedy-Ballet of Marionettes’ 43–8 Arata, Stephen 10 Beerbohm, Max 9, 31, 61–2, 116, 219, 220, 228 Archer, William 80, 81 ‘A Defence of Cosmetics’ 48, 49–50 Arnold, Edith 9, 158 ‘The Happy Hypocrite’ 50

255

INDEX

Beerbohm Tree, Herbert 209 Burns, John 77 Beeton, Mrs (Isabella), Book of Household Burroughs, Edgar Rice 197–8 Management 95–6 Burrows, Herbert 77 ‘Bell, Lily’ (Isabella Bream Pearce) 85 Burton, Sir Richard Francis 68, 97–8, 103 Bellamy, Edward, Looking Backward 198 Butler, Josephine 192 Bennett, Arnold, Journalism for Women 123 Butler, Samuel 28 Bergson, Henri 28 Berlin Conference (1884–5) 92 Caine, Hall 182, 183 Bernhardt, Sarah 11, 210, 214–15, 216–18, Caird, Mona 5, 9, 158 219, 220 The Daughters of Danaus 164–5 critical comment 216–17 ‘Marriage’ 156–7 Bernheim, Hippolyte 26 Calloway, Stephen 119 Bernheimer, Charles 33, 39 ‘Candour in English Fiction’ (symposium) Besant, Annie 54, 77, 79–80, 82 176–7 Besant, Walter 175, 176–7 Carpenter, Edward 105, 108 Bewicke, Alicia see Little, Mrs Archibald posthumous reputation 70, 85–7 biogenetics see Haeckel, Ernst sexual theories/activities 53, 54, 55, 65, Black, Clementina 80 68–9, 81, 147 Blake, William 121, 135 socialist views/writings 69–70, 75, 79, Bland, Hubert 82 84, 94 Bland, Lucy 66 ‘The Homogenic Attachment’ 68 Blatchford, Robert 85 Carpenter, William 16–17, 19 Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna 54, 66, 69–70 Carrington, Charles 4, 99 see also Theosophy movement Carson, Edward 60–1 Blind, Mathilde 80, 235 Catholicism, links with Decadence 230–2 The Ascent of Man 236 censorship 4, 175–6 Boer War 108 Chamberlain, Joseph 75 opposition to 73 Chambes, Deborah 125 Booth, William, In Darkest England and the Charcot, Jean-Martin 14, 26, 63–4 Way Out 106, 108 Chaucer, Geoffrey, The Canterbury Tales Botticelli, Sandro 236 141–2 Bourget, Paul 37–8, 43, 170 Chekhov, Anton 209 Bourne Taylor, Jenny 5–6 The Cherry Orchard 219 Boxer Rebellion 96–7, 100–1 The Seagull 215 Bradlaugh, Charles 77 Three Sisters 219 Bradley. F. H. 28 children/childhood Bradley, Katharine Harris see ‘Field, Michael’ primitive races compared to 104 brain, medical research into 21 psychological study of 22–5 Brake, Laurel 125, 127 supposed erotic longings 56–7 Brandes, George 180–1 see also education Brantlinger, Patrick 93 China, positive account of 109 Broca, Pierre Paul 21 Cholmondeley, Mary, Red Pottage 167 Bronte¨, Charlotte 22 Christianity, relationship with socialism 77, Brooke, Emma Frances 80, 81 78–9 Browne, W. A. F. 19, 20 cinema 96–7 Bulwer-Lytton, Edward, The Coming Clarke, Sir Edward 170 Race 205 Cleveland Street case 60, 196, 205 Burne-Jones, Edward 13, 35, 131, 132, Clifford, Lucy Lane 126–7 141, 147 Cohen, Alfred see Dale, Alan Briar Rose 143 Colet, Louise 178 The Depths of the Sea 227 collectivism 74–5 Burnett, Frances Hodgson 25 Collings, Jesse 75 The Secret Garden 22 Collingwood, Harry, The Congo Rovers 102

256

INDEX

Collini, Stefan 74 French vs. British 229 Collins, Lottie 214 and poetry see below colonialism 7–8 twentieth-century criticism 32–3 colonies, (re)distribution amongst global decadent poetry 225–32, 236 powers 92–3 paradoxes of 225–32 Comte, Auguste 73 stylistic features 232–3 Conder, Charles 2 Defoe, Daniel 173 Conolly, John 19 degeneration theory 5–6, 7–8, 14–17, Conrad, Joseph 203 190–1, 217 Heart of Darkness 100 and geography 104–7 The Secret Agent 67 problems of 16 Contagious Diseases Acts (1864–9), debates and race 104–7 on repeal 4, 97, 158, 192 Denisoff, Dennis 6 Conway, Katharine St John 85 Dent, Joseph 118–19 cookbooks 95–6 Dickens, Charles 22, 174, 178, 180 Cooper, Edith Emma see ‘Field, Michael’ Diderot, Denis, Paradoxe sur le come´dien Cooper, J. Astley 93 213, 220 Coquelin, Constant 218–20 Dilke, Charles 93 Cornforth, Fanny 132–4 Disney, Walt 197 ‘Corvo, Baron’ see Rolfe, Frederick divided self see multiple personality Crackanthorpe, Blanche Alethea 154 Dix, Gertrude, The Image Breakers 167 Crackanthorpe, Hubert 2, 6, 31 Dixon, Ella Hepworth 9, 158 Crichton-Browne, James 18, 19, 26 The Story of a Modern Woman 122 career/theories 20–2 Dixon, William Hepworth 122 view of childhood 23 Dobson, Austin 224 Crick, Martin 75 Dostoievsky, Fyodor 170 Cross, Nigel 125, 128 Douglas, Lord Alfred ‘Bosie’ 40, 60, 62, 230 Cross, Victoria 48, 166 Dowie, Menie Muriel 5, 164 Gallia 162–3 Dale, Alan, A Marriage below Zero 65 Dowling, Linda 34 dance 213–14 Dowson, Ernest 2, 230, 237 d’Annunzio, Gabrielle, Flame of Life ‘Villanelle of the Poet’s Road’ 227 211, 212 Doyle, Arthur Conan 182 Dante (Alighieri) 235 The Parasite 204 D’Arcy, Ella 48, 124, 166 D’Oyly Carte, Richard 39 Darwin, Charles 15, 23, 55, 131, 147 drama 10–11 social/cultural impact of theory 190, 197, new developments in 4, 207, 209 198–200 role of audience 212–13 ‘Biographical Sketch of an Infant’ 22 see also actresses The Descent of Man 20, 57–8 dreams, fictional/theoretical explorations The Expression of Emotion in Man 25–6 and Animals 21, 28 Dreyfus, Alfred 217–18 The Origin of Species 57–8, 94 Du Maurier, George Daudet, Alphonse 170, 173 The Martian 31 Davidson, John 2, 235, 237–8 Trilby 213 ‘To the New Woman’ 235–6 Dumas, Alexandre fils 208 Davis, Whitney 58 La Dame aux came´lias 215 Dax, Alice 81 Dunne, Mary Chavelita see Egerton, George death (early), as theme of period 2–3 Duse, Eleonora 210, 211 decadence 6, 11, 150 contemporary appeal 36–7, 39 Eagleton, Terry 54 contemporary criticism 31, 166, 225 economy, crisis in 76 (development of) ethos 32–3, 34–5 Edison, Thomas 97

257

INDEX

education, theories of 22 fiction 10 see also childhood (alleged) emasculation 175–7 Egerton, George (Mary Chavelita Dunne) 5, generic labelling 189–90 9, 16, 42, 153, 158, 166 one-volume 127 ‘A Cross Line’ 159–61, 213–14 scientific 17 ‘Gipsy’ 161 social significance 93 ‘Gone Under’ 161–2 target readership 175–7 Keynotes/Discords 41, 155, 159–62 theories of 169 ‘A Psychological Moment in see also adventure fiction; fantasy fiction; Three Periods’ 22 ‘New Woman’; realist fiction; short ‘The Regeneration of Two’ 160, 161 stories; slum literature ‘The Spell of the White Elf’ 161 ‘Field, Michael’ (Katharine Harris Bradley ‘Virgin Soil’ 162 and Edith Emma Cooper) 41, 227, ‘Wedlock’ 161 230, 231–2 Eliot, George 10, 23, 171, 174–5, 180 Fildes, Luke 136 influence 74 fin de sie`cle Middlemarch 74 cultural legacy 150–1 Eliot, T. S. 238 defining characteristics 1–5 The Waste Land 11 end 150 Ellis, Edith 81 innovativeness 3–5 Ellis, Havelock 53, 54, 58, 62–5, 79, 147–8 limits of definition 92 The Criminal 14 problems of definition 3 Sexual Inversion (with J.A Symonds) 64–5, range of cultural activities 3–4 98–9 Flaubert, Gustave 170, 174, 177–8 Ellmann, Richard 114 Madame Bovary 173 empire see imperialism Fleming, Carole 125 Engels, Friedrich 69, 75 Flint, Kate 171 Origins of the Family, Private Property Foldy, Michael 61 and the State 66 foot-binding, attempts to end 103 eugenics 103, 162–4 Foote, G. W. 77 opposition to 164–5 Ford, Isabella 85 evolutionary theory see Darwin Forman, Ross G. 7–8 exhibitions 96 Foucault, Michel 62, 63, 97 France, drama/political history 217–18 fairy tales 126, 194–6, 197 see also realist fiction fantasy fiction 10 Fraser, Hilary 125–6 critical/popular responses 202–4 Frazer, J. G., The Golden Bough 95, (reasons for) development 190–1, 204–5 145, 204 standard/concentration of output 189 Freeden, Michael 83 see also fairy tales; utopian fictions; Freedman, Jonathan 36 names of authors Freud, Sigmund 18, 26, 54–5, 58, 64, 70, 131, Fawcett, Millicent Garrett 162 193, 201 Feather, John 113 The Interpretation of Dreams 25, 145 Fe´lix, Rachel 210 Studies on Hysteria 27 Feltes, N. N. 116–17 Three Essays on the Theory of feminism 55, 66 Sexuality 57 associated with realist fiction 181–2 Frith, William Powell 136, 145 links with theatre 211–12 furniture, manufacture/visual appeal 140–3 rival schools 153–4 Furnivall, F. J. 80 Ferdinando, Paul Harry see Carrington, Charles Gall, Franz Joseph 21 Ferguson, Christine 94 Galton, Francis 21, 28, 103 Ferrier, David 21, 26 Gardiner, Grace 105–6

258

INDEX

Garnett, Edward/Constance 81 Hardy, Thomas 16, 20, 171, 176–7, 180 Gauguin, Paul 143 contemporary criticism 177–8 Gautier, The´ophile 33–4, 135 Jude the Obscure 67, 154, 162, 177 links with British aesthetes 36, 37, 39 poetry 238 George, Henry 75–6 Tess of the D’Urbervilles 157, 193 Gibbon, Edward, Decline and Fall of the Harkness, Margaret 80 Roman Empire 103 Captain Lobe (In Darkest London) Gilbert (W. S.) and Sullivan (A.), Patience 36, 106, 108 39, 61–2 Out of Work 75–6 Gilman, Richard 32 Harland, Aline 124 Girard, Rene´ 212 Harland, Henry 2, 41, 122, 124, 166 Gissing, Algernon 179 Harper, Charles 156 Gissing, George 16, 20, 53, 178–9, 181 Hawthorne, Julian 202 Demos 76 Hawthorne, Nathaniel 203 The Nether World 75–6 Headlam, Stewart, Rev. 75, 77 New Grub Street 114–15 Helmholtz, Hermann von 23 ‘Glasgow School’ 142–3 Henley, W. E. 124, 233–4, 237 Glasier, John Bruce 77, 82, 84 ‘Hammersmith’ 233–4 Glasier, Katharine St John see Conway Henty, G. A. 100 Goncourt, Edmond(/Jules) 173 With Cochrane the Dauntless 101–2 La Faustin 210–11 By Right of Conquest 102 Goode, John 78 Herder, Johann Gottfried 34 Grahame, Kenneth 42 Hichens, Robert Grand, Sarah (Frances Elizabeth McFall) 5, 9, The Green Carnation 62 153, 160–1, 164, 171 ‘How Love Came to Professor The Beth Book 165, 166, 167 Guildea’ 204 ‘Eugenia’ 162 Hickey, Emily 237 The Heavenly Twins 155, 157–9, 160, 162, Hinkson, Katharine see Tynan 164, 182 Hobson, J. A. 73 ‘The New Aspect of the Woman Question’ Hoffman, J. W., Cyclopaedia of Foods 96 154, 157 Holland, Henry 16–17 Gray, John 41, 230–1 Holman Hunt, William 35, 132 Green, Stephanie 125–6 homosexuality Green, T. H. 28, 74 fictional treatments/implications 57–8, 65, Greenslade, William 7 196–7 Grimm, Jakob/Wilhelm 195 legislation on 59–60 Grosvenor Gallery 138 philosophical/scientific treatments 62–3, Grundy, Sidney, The New Woman 153, 64–5, 68–9, 81, 98–9, 147–8 158, 159 poetic treatments 34–5 Gurney, Edmund 26–7 public scandals 59–62 Guy, Josephine M. 114 Hopkin, Willie 81 Hopper, Nora 237 Haeckel, Ernst 22, 190 Housman, A. E., A Shropshire Lad 224 Haggard, H. Rider 182–3, 203 Housman, Laurence 42, 43 characterisation 193–4 Howells, William Dean 174, 186 King Solomon’s Mines 192 Hughes, H. Stuart 70 Montezuma’s Daughter 102 Hughes, Linda 124–5, 235 She 10, 56, 93, 102, 192–4, 202 Hugo, Victor 208 Hamilton, William 23 Huxley, T. H. 15, 190 Hamsun, Knut 159 Evolution and Ethics 16, 199 Hand, Thomas William 102–3 Huysmans, Joris-Karl 230, 231 Hanson, Ellis 230 influence 39, 40 Hardie, Keir 85 A rebours 38, 42, 49

259

INDEX

Hyder, Clyde 35 Joyce, Simon 106–7 Hyndman, Henry 75, 76–7, 84 Jung, C. G. 193 Hyne, C. J. Cutcliffe 204 hysteria 26 Kains-Jackson, Charles 68 Kaye, Richard 6–7 Ibsen, Henrik 10–11, 13, 65, 80, 207, 209 Kelmscott Press see Morris, William: A Doll’s House 4, 80, 214 publishing enterprise Ghosts 4, 80 Kendall, May 230, 235 Hedda Gabler 208 ‘Lay of the Trilobite’ 236 The Pillars of Society 208 ‘Woman’s Future’ 235–6 imperialism Kennedy, Dane 98 ‘civilising’ function 103–4, 105–6 Khnopff, Fernand 151 contemporary analyses 93, 107–8 King, Stephen 189 fictional representations 91–4, 100–1, Kipling, Rudyard 233, 234 197–8 ‘The Ballad of East and West’ 107 outsiders’ views of 107–9 The Jungle Book 197–8 rivalry with other powers 101–3 ‘The White Man’s Burden’ 104 see also colonies; colonialism; China; Krafft-Ebing, Richard Freiherr von 18, 62–5 Portugal; Africa Psychopathia Sexualis 63 Impressionism 232–3 Independent Labour Party 84–5 Labouche`re, Henry/Labouche`re Amendment Indian Mutiny 100 59–60, 61 individuality, as marker of period 150–1 Laforgue, Jules 215 ‘industry’, publishing as 113, 128 Lamarck, J. B. 15 writers’ attitudes to 113–14, 115–17, 128 Lane, John 40, 41, 42, 43, 114, 120, 121–2, internationalism, as marker of period 151 123, 124 ‘Iota’ 9, 158 Lang, Andrew 10, 178, 182, 194–5, 201 Irving, Henry 213 The Blue Fairy Book 194–5 Lankester, E. Ray 15–16 Jack the Ripper 191, 192 Lansbury, George 77 Jackson, Holbrook 2, 9, 131 Latin America, Spanish conquest/subjugation Jacobs, Joseph 195 102–3 ‘Jacobus X, Dr’, Untrodden Fields of Lawrence, D. H. 81 Anthropology 99 Laycock, Thomas 19 James, Henry 16, 28, 42, 171, 186, 203–4 le Gallienne, Richard 31, 223 critical responses 174 Leatham, James 82 literary commentary 169, 171, 176, 180, Ledger, Sally 5, 9 185, 219 Lee, Vernon (Violet Paget) 5, 6, 31, 80, 166 The Princess Casamassima 76 Hauntings 204 The Turn of the Screw 10, 189, 201–2, 204 Miss Brown 48 James, William 14, 27, 28, 201, 203–4 Lee-Hamilton, Eugene, ‘Baudelaire’ Janet, Pierre 18, 26, 27 227, 237 Jarry, Alfred, Ubu Roi 208 Leighton, Frederick, Lord 9, 131, 145 Jews, hostility towards 107, 121–2 Leverson, Ada 31, 48–9 Johnson, Lionel 2, 230 ‘The Quest of Sorrow’ 49–51 ‘The Dark Angel’ 230 Levine, George 180 Johnson, R. V. 32 Levy, Amy 80, 237 Johnson, Samuel 128 Lewes, George Henry 16, 23–4 Johnston, Judith 125–6 Lilly, W. S. 173–4, 180 Jones, Ernest 82 Lindsay, Sir Coutts 138 Jones, Henry Arthur 208 Linton, Eliza Lynn 154, 155, 176–7 journalism 3–4 Little, Mrs Archibald (Alicia Bewicke) 103 Joyce, James 182 Lombroso, Cesare 14–15, 56–7

260

INDEX

London Mearns, Andrew 77 as crucible/outpost 104–7 The Bitter Cry of Outcast London 106 social conditions in 76, 105, 107 Mende`s, Catulle 220 as subject of poetry 237–8 mental illness 18–22 London Missionary Society 106–7 reform movement 18–19 Lord, Walter Frewen, The Lost Empires of see also hysteria; multiple personality; the Modern World 94–5 psychology Lubbock, John 24 Mew, Charlotte 48 Lucie-Smith, Edward 145 ‘Passed’ 166–7 Meynell, Alice 238 MacCarthy, Fiona 118 Mill, John Stuart 75 Macdonald, Frances 143 Millais, John Everett 35, 132 MacDonald, George, ‘The Fantastic Milton, John, Comus 195 Imagination’ 202–3 Moctezuma, Emperor 102–3 Macdonald, Margaret 143 Monet, Claude 138 Macdonald, Ramsay 81, 86 Montezuma see Moctezuma Machen, Arthur Moore, Albert 145 The Great God Pan 204 Moore, George 39, 42, 175–6 Mackintosh, Charles Rennie 143, 151 critical responses 175, 177–8, 179 Macmillan, Margaret 81, 85 Esther Waters 193 Maeterlinck, Maurice 208, 209, 215 More´as, Jean 143 Maguire, Tom 77, 84 Moreau, Gustave 43 Maitland, Dolly see Radford Moreau, P. 64 Mallarme´, Ste´phane 143, 216, 217 Morel, B. A. 15 essay on Hamlet 215–16, 217 Morrah, Herbert 123 Mallock, W. H. 75 Morris, May 80 Malory, Thomas, Le Morte d’Arthur 119 Morris, William 9, 35–6, 55, 119, 121, Malthus, Thomas 75–6, 162 131, 145 Mann, Tom 81 contemporary criticism 141 marriage influence 42, 151 critiques of 64–7, 156–7 manufacturing enterprise 140–3 fictional treatments 66–7 publishing enterprise 118, 141–2 (perceived) threats to 154 socialist views/writings 69–70, 77, 78, 82, Marsh, Richard, The Beetle 28, 204 83, 86–7, 140–1 Martin, W. A. P. 101 News from Nowhere 140, 152, 198 Martyn, Caroline 85 Morrison, Arthur 178, 179, 181 Marx, Eleanor 7, 78, 79–81, 207 motherhood, fictional treatments of 160–5 Marx, Karl 131 Mudie, Charles 175–6 Das Kapital 140 Mukharji, T. N. 108 Mathews, Elkin 120 Mu¨ller, F. Max 34 Maudsley, Henry 16, 18 multiple personality, studies/theories of 25–6, career 19 27–8 influence 20 fictional explorations 191–2, 196–7 medical theories 19–20 music, analogy with art 139–40 Body and Will 20 Myers, F. W. H. 17, 18, 26–8 The Physiology and Pathology of Mind 19 Nabuco, Joaquim 107–8 Responsibility and Mental Disease 20 Naden, Constance 235 Maupassant, Guy de 170, 173, 185 ‘Natural Selection’ 236 Maxwell, Richard 121 narcissism 58 McDonald, Peter 117, 119 Naturalism 186 McFall, Frances Elizabeth see Grand, Sarah Nelson, James G. 121 McLaughlin, Joseph 105 Nesbit, Edith 235

261

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neurology 19 performance see drama ‘New Chivalry’ 67–8 periodicals, growth of 116–17 ‘New Drama’ see drama Perrault, Charles 195 ‘New Woman’ (persona/fictional genre) 4–5, personal development, role in socialist 9–10, 48–51, 66–7, 192 ideology 79–80 (alleged) masculinity 155–6 photography, medical/scientific use 21 (alleged) sexual decadence 154–5 Pierson, Stanley 82 attacks on 153–6, 166, 167 Pinero, Arthur Wing 208 coining of term 154, 157 Pissarro, Camille 138 and Decadent movement 165–7 Poe, Edgar Allan 166, 203 decline in popularity 167 poetry 11 fictional representation/allegorisation 193 ‘counter-Decadent’ 233–4 and modernism 165 political/commentary 230, 234–6 rise in popularity 157–8 scientific/topical 236 Newbolt, Henry 234 trends in 223–5, 237–9 Newnes, George 114, 117, 119–20 verse forms 224 Nicoll, William Robertson 123, 126–7 see also decadent poetry Nietzsche, Friedrich 13, 214 pornography 97–9 Nisard, De´sire´ 33 exotic/oriental 97–8, 99 Noble, James Ashcroft 155 Portugal see imperialism: rivalry with other non-conformism, relationship with socialism powers 81–2 ‘possession’, role in dramatic performance Nordau, Max, Degeneration 5, 13, 14, 31, 36, 210–11, 213–14 132, 140, 145–7, 150 Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood 35–6, 39, 132 influences 14–15, 20 Probyn, May 235 novel see adventure fiction; fantasy fiction; prostitution 192 fiction; ‘New Woman’; realist fiction Proust, Marcel 212–13 psychology, study of 5–6, 16–17, 28–9 occult movements 66, 69–70 see also mental illness; multiple personality see also spiritualism; Theosophy publishing 8 Oliphant, Margaret 67, 154–5 advertising 126–7 Olmsted, John 171 business practices 121–2 Ouida 154 commercialism 114–15 Owen, Alex 66 male domination 125–6 mechanisation 116–17, 118, 119, 127–8 Paget, Violet see Lee, Vernon small presses 118 Palma ‘il vecchio’, Jacopo 134 see also industry Paris Commune 82 Pykett, Lyn 158, 181 Parliament, debate on contemporary fiction 169–70 Queensberry, Lord 60, 197 past see retrospection ‘Paston, George’ see Symonds, Emily Morse race, theories of see degeneration theory Pater, Walter 8, 31, 39, 50, 135–6, 138, 184, Racine, Jean, Phe`dre 215 226, 227, 229, 231–2, 236, 238 Rackham, Arthur 116 influence 42 Radford, Dolly, nee´Maitland 80–1 Marius the Epicurean 37, 68 Radford, Ernest 81, 236 ‘The School of Giorgione’ 139 Raffalovich, Andre´ 230, 231 Studies in the History of the Renaissance railways, impact on reading/publishing 32, 37, 45–8, 139, 226, 228, 232 119–20 Pearce, Isabella Bream see Bell, Lily realist fiction 171 Pearson, Karl 81 contemporary criticism 179–80, 181–2, Pearson’s Weekly 117 183–4 Pe´ladan, Jose´phin, L’Androgyne 147 debates on morality of 171

262

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defining features 178–9, 180 Schreiner, Olive 7, 53, 54, 65–6, 69–70, 79–81 French traditions/theory of 172–3, ‘The Buddhist Priest’s Wife’ 106 179–80 ‘A Child’s Day’ 22, 163–4 lack of humour 180 Dreams 204 move away from 189–90 The Story of an African Farm 67, 163 range of approaches 184–5 ‘The Woman Question’ 60 sexual explicitness 175–6, 177 Scott, Clement 207 social value 179, 180–1 Seeley, J. R., The Expansion of England recapitulation, theory of 22–3, 201 99–100 Reed, John 32 Senn, Charles Herman, Senn’s Culinary religion see Christianity; non-conformism Encyclopaedia 96 restaurants (ethnic) 96 sexuality 6–7, 53–6 retrospection and degeneracy 105 role in imperial ideology 99–103 female 158–60 role in sexual theory 68 fictional treatments/implications 56–9 role in socialist ideology 81–2 linked to failure of empires 103 Rhys, Ernest 237 metaphors for 53 Ribot, T. A. 23 pictorial treatments 43–8 Richards, Grant 122 and politics 55–6 Richards, Thomas 97 relation with wider social issues 69–70 Ricketts, Charles 42, 43, 118, 147, 151, social/communal nature 55 229–30 theoretical/scientific approaches 62–70, Rimbaud, Arthur 217, 230 98–9 Robinson, A. Mary F. 235, 238 see also homosexuality; pornography; Robinson, Paul 63 realist fiction Rodgers, Thorlod 82 Shafts (periodical) 164 Rolfe, Frederick (‘Baron Corvo’) 117, 230 Shakespeare, William 207 Nicholas Crabbe 114, 121–2 Hamlet 215–18 Rolleston, T. W. 237 King Lear 195 Roman conquest 100 Shannon, Charles 147, 151 Romanes, George 28 Sharp, Evelyn 48, 123 Rops, Felicient 43 Sharpe, Maria 81 Rose, Jonathan 84 Shattock, Joanne 124 Rossetti, Christina 35 Shaw, George Bernard 11, 75, 80, 82, 207–8, Rossetti, Dante Gabriel 8, 13, 35, 132–4, 143, 215 151, 236 Arms and the Man 208–9 The Blue Bower 132–4, 148–50 Man and Superman 219 Lady Lilith 134 Mrs Warren’s Profession 4 Rostand, Edmond 215 Shelley, Mary, Frankenstein, or the Modern Cyrano de Bergerac 218–20, 222 Prometheus 17, 199 Royal Academy 131–2 Shelley, Percy Bysshe 80 Ruddick, Nicholas 10 Shiel, Matthew Phipps Ruskin, John 13, 25, 35–6, 83, 84, 135, 138–9 The Yellow Danger 91–4, 108, 109 The Yellow Wave 96 Sade, Marquis de 150 short stories, volumes of 127–8 Said, Edward 80 Shorter, Clement 117 Saintsbury, George 173, 175, 180, 182 Sickert, Walter 8, 136–7 Salt, Henry/Kate 81, 86 Old Bedford 136–7 Sand, George (Armandine Dupin, Baronne Sidgwick, Henry 26–7 Dudevant) 25 Sigerson, Dora 237 Sardou, Victorien 215 Simcox, Edith 74 sati (burning of widows), custom of 103 Sims, George 105, 108 Schopenhauer, Arthur 23, 28 Sisley, Alfred 138

263

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Sixsmith, Charles 81, 86 Sullivan, Arthur see Gilbert and Sullivan slavery/slave trade Sully, James 18, 22–5, 27–8 analogy with urban poor 106 career 23–4 fictional treatments 102 views on childhood 24–5 slum literature 105–7, 108 ‘The Dream as a Revelation’ 25–6 Small, Ian 114 Studies of Childhood 22, 24–5 Smith, Samuel, MP 170, 183 Sutherland, J. A. 121 Smithers, Leonard 121 Swift, Jonathan 199 socialism 7 Swinburne, Algernon Charles 34–5, 50, development of British movement 73–7 135–6, 224 failure to live up to ideals 85–6 art criticism 134 ideology 77–9 contemporary criticism 35 internal tensions 79, 82–4 Poems and Ballads 34–5 as literary movement 80 Songs of the Spring-Tides 238 and sexuality 66, 69–70 Symbolism 34, 38–9, 143–8, 232–3 see also Christianity; Independent Labour Symonds, Emily Morse (‘George Paston’) Party; non-conformism; personal 115, 123 development; retrospection; women Symonds, John Addington 53, 54, 63, 67, Society for Psychical Research 26–7 69–70, 147 Solomon, Simeon 148, 151 memoirs 69 Spackman, Barbara 33, 45 ‘A Problem of Greek Ethics’ 69 Spain see imperialism: rivalry with other Sexual Inversion (with Havelock Ellis) 64, powers 98–9 Sparroy, Wilfred 181–2 Studies of the Greek Poets 69 Spencer, Herbert 15, 16, 19, 23, 73–4 Symons, Arthur 9, 38, 45–8, 120–1, 219, 226, The Study of Sociology 16 227, 229, 237 spiritualism 26–7 ‘Esther Khan’ 211 split personality see multiple personality ‘London Nights’ 237 Stacy, Enid 85 ‘Nora on the Pavement’ 233 Stanley, H. M., In Darkest Africa 106 Silhouettes 225 Stead, W. T. 3, 59, 61, 78, 164–5, 192 ‘Stella Maris’ 166–7 Steel, Flora Anne, On the Face of the Waters The Symbolist Movement in Literature 100 38–9 Steel, Flora Annie 105–6 ‘White Heliotrope’ 228–9 Steiner, Linda 125 Synge, J. M., The Playboy of the Western Stendhal (Henri-Pierre Beyle) 173 World 219 Stepniak, Sergius 80, 81 Syrett, Netta 48 Stetz, Margaret D. 8 The Sheltering Tree 124 Stevenson, Robert Louis 16, 203 ‘A Chapter on Dreams’ 25 Tarnowski, B. 64 A Child’s Garden of Verses 25 Teale, Walter 102–3 The Dynamiter 56 Tennyson, Alfred, Lord 143, 223–4 ‘A Humble Remonstrance’ 184–5 In Memoriam 192 The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde terrorist attacks 76 14, 17, 28, 58, 191–2, 193, 196, 198, Terry, Ellen 221 199, 203 Thackeray, W. M. 180 Stoker, Bram 16 Thain, Marion 11 Dracula 10, 14–15, 28, 58–9, 93, 94–5, Thayer, William R. 179 104, 189, 194, 200–1, 202 Theosophy movement 55 Stokes, John 10–11 see also Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna Strindberg, August 209 Thicknesse, Ralph 81 The Studio (periodical) 142 Thomas, Dylan 2 Stutfield, Hugh 155–6 Thompson, E. P. 83

264

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Thompson, Francis 2, 230 Wedekind, Frank, Spring Awakening 208 Thornton, R. K. R. 236 Weedon, Alexis 127 Tilley, Arthur 174 Weeks, Jeffrey 54 Tit-Bits 117, 119 Wells, H. G. 10, 42, 86–7, 117, 189, Titian 134 198–200, 203 Todorov, Tzvetan 201 The Invisible Man 17, 117 Tolkien, J. R. R. 189, 203 The Island of Dr Moreau 17, 58, 199 Tolstoi, Leo 170 ‘The Lord of the Dynamos’ 116, 128 Tolstoy, Nikolai 13 The Time Machine 10, 13–14, 15–16, 189, ‘Tomson, Graham R.’ see Watson, 198–9, 200, 203 Rosamund Marriott The War of the Worlds 194, 200 Trollope, Anthony 171, 180 West, Shearer 8–9 Tylor, E. B. 24, 205 Whistler, James McNeill 8, 131, 132, 135, Tynan, Katharine 237 136, 137–9, 141, 151 Tyndall, John 203 court case against Ruskin 138–9 ‘Nocturnes’ 138 Ulrichs, Karl-Heinrich 64 ‘Ten O’Clock Lecture’ 139 United States, invasion of Philippines Whitechapel murders see Jack the Ripper (1898) 104 Whitman, Walt 81 Unwin, Raymond 84, 86 Wilde, Jane Francisca, Lady 195–6 utopian fictions 198 Wilde, Oscar 9, 11, 31, 39–41, 78, 132, 135, 147, 207–8, 216, 230 venereal disease, fictional treatments 158–9 comments on own writing 113, 141 see also Contagious Diseases Acts contemporary criticism 166 Veneto, Bartolomeo 227 death 2 Verlaine, Paul 33, 39, 143, 230 decline in popularity 4 Les Poe`tes maudits 217 fairy tales 10, 195–6 Victoria, Queen 91, 163, 193, 221, 223 lecture tour of America 39, 141 visual arts 8–9 literary commentary 183–4, 197, 215, 226 contemporary trends 136 as ‘martyr’ 61 diversity 131 output 114 links with poetry 227 political views 141, 196 see also names of artists/movements satire on 61–2 Vizetelly, Henry 10, 170–1, 183 trial/imprisonment 53, 60–2, 64, 98–9, 120, 150, 167, 197, 200 Wagner, Leopold 122 ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’ 61, 224 Wagner, Richard 13, 132, 139–40, 147 De Profundis 61 Wallace, Alfred Russel 75 ‘The Happy Prince’ 196 Wallace, William 175 The Importance of Being Earnest 2 Wallas, Graham 82 Lady Windermere’s Fan 1–2 war ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’ 196 cinematic representations 96–7 The Picture of Dorian Gray 1–2, 17, 39–40, fictional treatments 100–3 41, 42, 49, 50, 54, 57–8, 196–7, 202, Ward, James 28 230–1 Ward, Mrs Humphrey 172 Poems 229–30 Helbeck of Bannisdale 67 Salome´ 40–1, 56–7, 148, 208, 214 Watson, Rosamund Marriott (‘Graham R. The Sphinx 118 Tomson’) 124–5, 227 Wilde, Sir William 195–6 Watson, William 126 Williams, Raymond 5 Watts, G. F. 9, 145, 148 Wilson, A. N., The Victorians 53–4 Waugh, Arthur 181 Wilson, Charlotte 81 Webb, Beatrice 79–80, 83 Wo Chang, England Through Chinese Webb, Sidney 73–4, 82–3 Spectacles 7–8, 105, 108–9

265

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women ‘The Autumn of the Body’ 216 as authors: difficulties facing 115, 122–4; The Land of Heart’s Desire 208–9 restrictions on subject matter 124–5; The Yellow Book 6, 9, 31–2, 41–51, use in advertising campaigns 126–7 120, 122 decadent/aesthetic attitudes to 48, 182 demise 167 dominant (fictional representations) 56–7, design 42, 120 193–4 ‘New Woman’ fiction 48–51, 123–5, (plans to end) abuses of 103 166–7 poets 224 visual art 42–8 role in socialist movement 80–1, 85 ‘young reader’ see fiction: target readership see also ‘New Woman’; actresses Wyzewa, Te´odor de 140 Zola, Emile 10, 13, 39, 170–1, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 191 Yeats, W. B. 2–3, 42, 70, 196, 208–9, 219, Nana 150 224–5, 236–7 political activism 179–80

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