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The Nature of Northern Australia
THE NATURE OF NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Natural values, ecological processes and future prospects 1 (Inside cover) Lotus Flowers, Blue Lagoon, Lakefield National Park, Cape York Peninsula. Photo by Kerry Trapnell 2 Northern Quoll. Photo by Lochman Transparencies 3 Sammy Walker, elder of Tirralintji, Kimberley. Photo by Sarah Legge 2 3 4 Recreational fisherman with 4 barramundi, Gulf Country. Photo by Larissa Cordner 5 Tourists in Zebidee Springs, Kimberley. Photo by Barry Traill 5 6 Dr Tommy George, Laura, 6 7 Cape York Peninsula. Photo by Kerry Trapnell 7 Cattle mustering, Mornington Station, Kimberley. Photo by Alex Dudley ii THE NATURE OF NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Natural values, ecological processes and future prospects AUTHORS John Woinarski, Brendan Mackey, Henry Nix & Barry Traill PROJECT COORDINATED BY Larelle McMillan & Barry Traill iii Published by ANU E Press Design by Oblong + Sons Pty Ltd The Australian National University 07 3254 2586 Canberra ACT 0200, Australia www.oblong.net.au Email: [email protected] Web: http://epress.anu.edu.au Printed by Printpoint using an environmentally Online version available at: http://epress. friendly waterless printing process, anu.edu.au/nature_na_citation.html eliminating greenhouse gas emissions and saving precious water supplies. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry This book has been printed on ecoStar 300gsm and 9Lives 80 Silk 115gsm The nature of Northern Australia: paper using soy-based inks. it’s natural values, ecological processes and future prospects. EcoStar is an environmentally responsible 100% recycled paper made from 100% ISBN 9781921313301 (pbk.) post-consumer waste that is FSC (Forest ISBN 9781921313318 (online) Stewardship Council) CoC (Chain of Custody) certified and bleached chlorine free (PCF). -
Number of Living Species in Australia and the World
Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World 2nd edition Arthur D. Chapman Australian Biodiversity Information Services australia’s nature Toowoomba, Australia there is more still to be discovered… Report for the Australian Biological Resources Study Canberra, Australia September 2009 CONTENTS Foreword 1 Insecta (insects) 23 Plants 43 Viruses 59 Arachnida Magnoliophyta (flowering plants) 43 Protoctista (mainly Introduction 2 (spiders, scorpions, etc) 26 Gymnosperms (Coniferophyta, Protozoa—others included Executive Summary 6 Pycnogonida (sea spiders) 28 Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta under fungi, algae, Myriapoda and Ginkgophyta) 45 Chromista, etc) 60 Detailed discussion by Group 12 (millipedes, centipedes) 29 Ferns and Allies 46 Chordates 13 Acknowledgements 63 Crustacea (crabs, lobsters, etc) 31 Bryophyta Mammalia (mammals) 13 Onychophora (velvet worms) 32 (mosses, liverworts, hornworts) 47 References 66 Aves (birds) 14 Hexapoda (proturans, springtails) 33 Plant Algae (including green Reptilia (reptiles) 15 Mollusca (molluscs, shellfish) 34 algae, red algae, glaucophytes) 49 Amphibia (frogs, etc) 16 Annelida (segmented worms) 35 Fungi 51 Pisces (fishes including Nematoda Fungi (excluding taxa Chondrichthyes and (nematodes, roundworms) 36 treated under Chromista Osteichthyes) 17 and Protoctista) 51 Acanthocephala Agnatha (hagfish, (thorny-headed worms) 37 Lichen-forming fungi 53 lampreys, slime eels) 18 Platyhelminthes (flat worms) 38 Others 54 Cephalochordata (lancelets) 19 Cnidaria (jellyfish, Prokaryota (Bacteria Tunicata or Urochordata sea anenomes, corals) 39 [Monera] of previous report) 54 (sea squirts, doliolids, salps) 20 Porifera (sponges) 40 Cyanophyta (Cyanobacteria) 55 Invertebrates 21 Other Invertebrates 41 Chromista (including some Hemichordata (hemichordates) 21 species previously included Echinodermata (starfish, under either algae or fungi) 56 sea cucumbers, etc) 22 FOREWORD In Australia and around the world, biodiversity is under huge Harnessing core science and knowledge bases, like and growing pressure. -
Redefining Southern Australia´S Climatic Regions and Seasons
CSIRO PUBLISHING Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science, 2021, 71, 92–109 https://doi.org/10.1071/ES20003 Redefining southern Australia’s climatic regions and seasons Sonya Fiddes A,B,D, Acacia Pepler A, Kate Saunders C and Pandora Hope A ABureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia. BPresent Address. Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. CDelft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands. DCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Climate scientists routinely rely on averaging over time or space to simplify complex information and to concisely communicate findings. Currently, no consistent definitions of ‘warm’ or ‘cool’ seasons for southern Australia exist, making comparisons across studies difficult. Similarly, numerous climate studies in Australia use either arbitrarily defined areas or the Natural Resource Management (NRM) clusters to perform spatial averaging. While the NRM regions were informed by temperature and rainfall information, they remain somewhat arbitrary. Here we use weather type influence on rainfall and clustering methods to quantitatively define climatic regions and seasons over southern Australia. Three methods are explored: k-means clustering and two agglomerative clustering methods, Ward linkage and average linkage. K-means was found to be preferred in temporal clustering, while the average linkage method was preferred for spatial clustering. For southern Australia as a whole, we define the cool season as April–September and warm season as October–March, though we note that a three-season split may provide more nuanced climate analysis. We also show that different regions across southern Australia experience different seasons and demonstrate the changing spatial influence of weather types with the seasons, which may aid regionally or seasonally specific climate analysis. -
Eubalaena Australis) in SouthEastern Australia
IWC | J. Cetacean. Res. Manage. 22, 2021 | 17 Calving intervals, longrange movements and site fidelity of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in southeastern Australia M. WATSON1*, K. STAMATION2, C. CHARLTON3 AND J. BANNISTER Contact e‐mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Southern right whales in south‐eastern Australia are endangered and vulnerable to impacts from human disturbance. Information on population demographics and movement data is needed to inform ongoing species management. While the number of whales observed using the south‐eastern Australian coastline is increasing, there has been no change over three decades in the annual abundance of cow‐calf pairs at Logans Beach in Warrnambool, Victoria, the only established calving ground in south‐east Australia. Knowledge of life history parameters of the south‐eastern Australian subpopulation is lacking. Here, we examine sightings and photo‐identification data from southern Australia to investigate calving intervals, long range movements and fidelity to the Logans Beach calving ground. Sightings data revealed at least 93 calves were born at Logans Beach between 1980 and 2018 (an average of 2.6 per year) with a mean calving interval of 3.5 ± 0.2 years (± SE, n = 34). Comparison between photo‐identification catalogues compiled for south‐eastern and south‐western Australia shows that southern right whales are wide ranging within southern Australian waters. Females can be sighted at locations as far apart as 3,800km across seasons with at least 7% of whales using both regions. We also provide the first report of an Australian southern right whale female belonging to one subpopulation relocating long‐term to a calving area in another. -
The Nature of Northern Australia
THE NATURE OF NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Natural values, ecological processes and future prospects 1 (Inside cover) Lotus Flowers, Blue Lagoon, Lakefield National Park, Cape York Peninsula. Photo by Kerry Trapnell 2 Northern Quoll. Photo by Lochman Transparencies 3 Sammy Walker, elder of Tirralintji, Kimberley. Photo by Sarah Legge 2 3 4 Recreational fisherman with 4 barramundi, Gulf Country. Photo by Larissa Cordner 5 Tourists in Zebidee Springs, Kimberley. Photo by Barry Traill 5 6 Dr Tommy George, Laura, 6 7 Cape York Peninsula. Photo by Kerry Trapnell 7 Cattle mustering, Mornington Station, Kimberley. Photo by Alex Dudley ii THE NATURE OF NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Natural values, ecological processes and future prospects AUTHORS John Woinarski, Brendan Mackey, Henry Nix & Barry Traill PROJECT COORDINATED BY Larelle McMillan & Barry Traill iii Published by ANU E Press Design by Oblong + Sons Pty Ltd The Australian National University 07 3254 2586 Canberra ACT 0200, Australia www.oblong.net.au Email: [email protected] Web: http://epress.anu.edu.au Printed by Printpoint using an environmentally Online version available at: http://epress. friendly waterless printing process, anu.edu.au/nature_na_citation.html eliminating greenhouse gas emissions and saving precious water supplies. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry This book has been printed on ecoStar 300gsm and 9Lives 80 Silk 115gsm The nature of Northern Australia: paper using soy-based inks. it’s natural values, ecological processes and future prospects. EcoStar is an environmentally responsible 100% recycled paper made from 100% ISBN 9781921313301 (pbk.) post-consumer waste that is FSC (Forest ISBN 9781921313318 (online) Stewardship Council) CoC (Chain of Custody) certified and bleached chlorine free (PCF). -
3966 Tour Op 4Col
The Tasmanian Advantage natural and cultural features of Tasmania a resource manual aimed at developing knowledge and interpretive skills specific to Tasmania Contents 1 INTRODUCTION The aim of the manual Notesheets & how to use them Interpretation tips & useful references Minimal impact tourism 2 TASMANIA IN BRIEF Location Size Climate Population National parks Tasmania’s Wilderness World Heritage Area (WHA) Marine reserves Regional Forest Agreement (RFA) 4 INTERPRETATION AND TIPS Background What is interpretation? What is the aim of your operation? Principles of interpretation Planning to interpret Conducting your tour Research your content Manage the potential risks Evaluate your tour Commercial operators information 5 NATURAL ADVANTAGE Antarctic connection Geodiversity Marine environment Plant communities Threatened fauna species Mammals Birds Reptiles Freshwater fishes Invertebrates Fire Threats 6 HERITAGE Tasmanian Aboriginal heritage European history Convicts Whaling Pining Mining Coastal fishing Inland fishing History of the parks service History of forestry History of hydro electric power Gordon below Franklin dam controversy 6 WHAT AND WHERE: EAST & NORTHEAST National parks Reserved areas Great short walks Tasmanian trail Snippets of history What’s in a name? 7 WHAT AND WHERE: SOUTH & CENTRAL PLATEAU 8 WHAT AND WHERE: WEST & NORTHWEST 9 REFERENCES Useful references List of notesheets 10 NOTESHEETS: FAUNA Wildlife, Living with wildlife, Caring for nature, Threatened species, Threats 11 NOTESHEETS: PARKS & PLACES Parks & places, -
Plant Introductions to South Australia Prior to 1840 P.M
J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 7(3): 217-231 (1985) PLANT INTRODUCTIONS TO SOUTH AUSTRALIA PRIOR TO 1840 P.M. Kloot 4 South Australian Department of Agriculture, G.P.O. Box 1671, Adelaide, S.A. 5001 tTh Abstract Selected historical data from 1802 to 1840 are presented to illustrate the extent of European plant introductions in both pre-colonial South Australia and the early years of official settlement. Some other effects such as land clearing and the early movement of weeds are briefly discussed. Introduction South Australia was proclaimed a colony of the British Crown on 28 December 1836 when the first Governor, Captain John Hindmarsh RN, hoisted the British flag at a ceremony on the shores of Gulf St Vincent. Prior to this date there had been a flurry of activity which had commenced on 27 July the same year when the advance party of settlers and surveyors had arrived on the "Duke of York" to lay the foundations for a Province of free settlers to be developed in accordance with the novel Wakefield Colonization Plan (Price, 1924). Apart from recounting the story of the earliest navigators, Flinders and Baudin, many historians make no mention of European involvement in South Australia prior to 1836 (e.g. Dutton, 1846; Sinnett, 1862; Pascoe, 1901). Passing references are sometimes made to the earlier presence of sealers and others on the off-shore islands but as they are not considered to have any direct bearing on the official settlement of the colony, they are dismissed as being of little importance in South Australian history. -
Central Queensland El Niño – Southern Oscillation Other Climate Drivers
Northern Australia Climate Program CLIMATE SAVVY FOR GRAZING MANAGEMENT Central Queensland El Niño – Southern Oscillation Other Climate Drivers What: ENSO has two active phases, El Niño and La Niña, and an inactive or neutral phase. When: Any time between June (start) to April (end). Main impacts of ENSO are usually from December to March. Events Madden-Julian Oscillation can span multiple years, which is more common with La Niña events. Where: Entire region, but increased impacts more likely near coast. What: A large band of clouds that influence alternating wet/dry conditions during the wet/summer season. The MJO can increase the availability of moisture in the area during an MJO ‘wet’ phase, leading to an increased chance of rain. How: El Niño tends to cause warmer days and less rainfall, fewer cyclones, and increase risk of spring frosts due to clear nights. La Niña tends to cause wetter weather, increased humidity, and an increased risk of cyclones and flooding. When: Year-round, but mainly during wet season (December to April). Day time temperatures are usually lower due to cloud cover. Where: Mostly in the tropics, but influence can extend into sub-tropics. Prediction lead time: How: Impact varies by season and location. About 2-3 months for a more reliable forecast, up to 6 months in advance for an indication of a possible ENSO event. We start looking for a possible ENSO event in April/May, but become more confident in the forecast in June/July. Period Wet Phases Dry Phases Note: There is a ‘prediction gap’ from about January to April when it is very difficult to know whether or not an June, July, August (minimal impact) 4 7 ENSO will develop in the coming winter. -
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Southern & Southwestern Flatlands Cluster: Review of Existing Knowledge
Climate change impacts and adaptation in the Southern & Southwestern Flatlands cluster: review of existing knowledge June 2013 Ben Ford, Barbara Cook and Daniel Rogers Report No. CENRM133 Published by the Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management CENRM Publication: CENRM 133 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Please cite this report as: Ford, B., Cook, B., and Rogers, D. (2013). Climate change impacts and adaptation in the Southern & Southwestern Flatlands cluster: review of existing knowledge. Report No CENRM133, Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, University of Western Australia, Albany. Acknowledgements This Activity received funding from the Department of Industry, Innovation, Climate Change, Science, Research and Tertiary Education as part of the Natural Resource Management Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Research Grants Program, under the Natural Resource Management Planning for Climate Change Fund – A Clean Energy Future Initiative. Disclaimer The views expressed herein are not necessarily the views of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for any information or advice contained herein. Cover photo: Banksia brownii, Waychinicup, southwestern Australia CONTENTS Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... -
Transferring Water and Climate Resilience Lessons from Australia's Millennium Drought to Southern California
Cities and the Environment (CATE) Volume 10 Issue 2 Climate Change Adaptation in Article 5 Mediterranean Cities 2017 Transferring Water and Climate Resilience Lessons from Australia's Millennium Drought to Southern California Deborah Weinstein Bloome TreePeople, [email protected] Edith de Guzman TreePeople, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate Recommended Citation Weinstein Bloome, Deborah and de Guzman, Edith (2017) "Transferring Water and Climate Resilience Lessons from Australia's Millennium Drought to Southern California," Cities and the Environment (CATE): Vol. 10: Iss. 2, Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol10/iss2/5 This Practitioner Notes is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Urban Resilience at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cities and the Environment (CATE) by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Transferring Water and Climate Resilience Lessons from Australia's Millennium Drought to Southern California Southern California and Southern Australia are two regions of the world which share many climatic, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics that lend themselves to meaningful exchanges of knowledge and innovations. With the benefit of Australia’s documented experiences, California can learn what solutions worked and did not work in Australia, potentially avoiding major pitfalls. While some changes in California are already underway, many opportunities – and challenges – still remain. California’s policymakers and residents can adopt and adapt the most fitting solutions from Australia’s experience. -
Environmental Water Requirements for the Rubicon River
Environmental Water Requirements for The Rubicon River Tom Krasnicki Aquatic Ecologist Water Assessment and Planning Branch Water Resources Division DPIWE. Report Series WRA 02/01 May, 2002. Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i GLOSSARY OF TERMS ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. THE RUBICON RIVER 3 2.1 General Description 4 2.1.1 Catchment and Drainage System 3 2.1.2 Geomorphology and Geology 6 2.1.3 Climate and Rainfall 7 2.1.4 Vegetation 8 2.1.5 Land Use and Degradation 9 2.1.6 Port Sorell Estuary 9 2.1.7 Hydrology 11 2.2. Site Selection 13 2.2.1 The Rubicon River at Smith and Others Rd. 13 3. VALUES 15 3.1 Community Values 15 3.2 State Technical Values 17 3.3 Endangered species 18 3.4 Values Assessed 19 4. METHODOLOGY 20 4.1 Physical Habitat Data 20 4.2 Biological Data 21 4.2.1 Invertebrates 21 4.2.2 Fish 21 4.3 Hydraulic Simulation 21 4.4 Risk Analysis 22 5. RESULTS 24 5.1 Physical Habitat Data 24 5.2 Biological Data 25 5.3 Risk Analysis 26 6. DISCUSSION 29 6.1 Vertebrate Fauna 30 6.1.1 Mordacia mordax and Geotria australis 30 6.1.2 Gadopsis marmoratus 30 6.1.3 Pseudaphritis urvillii 31 6.1.4 Galaxias truttaceus and Galaxias maculatus 31 6.1.5 Galaxias brevipinnis and Neochanna cleaveri 31 6.1.6 Prototroctes maraena 32 6.1.7 Lovettia sealii and Retropinna tasmanica 32 6.1.8 Anguilla australis 32 6.1.9 Salmo trutta 32 6.1.10 Nannoperca australis and Perca fluviatilis 33 6.2 Invertebrate Fauna 33 6.2.1 Astacopsis gouldi 33 6.3 Flow Recommendations 34 6.3.1 Rubicon River at Smith and Others Rd. -
Western Field Ornithologists April 2020 Newsletter
Western Field Ornithologists April 2020 Newsletter Message from WFO President Kurt Leuschner The coronavirus pandemic is now impacting society in serious and profound ways. Every day we learn more about this virus, its toll on society, and the habits we need to practice in order to minimize its spread. As you learned from our earlier message, the WFO board decided that we must postpone our annual conference that was set to be held in September in Reno. We did this to protect the health of our members and to protect WFO from a potentially significant financial loss. We’re very disheartened that we had to cancel what was to be our 50th anniversary celebration of the founding of Western Field Ornithologists. The venue was exciting, we were organizing wonderful field trips led by stellar leaders, speakers were on tap, and we looked forward to seeing old friends and the chance to make new ones. Our annual WFO conference is a signature annual accomplishment and we are fully aware of how important this yearly event is for everyone. WFO is both a scientific and a social organization. Interacting with one another and enjoying each other’s company is a key reason many of us are part of the WFO. This newsletter and others to follow are one way we can keep the WFO community engaged and further our mission even though we may not physically see many of you again until 2021. In the meantime, I hope you enjoy the articles and updates, the artwork, the information on some of our board members, and the art and writings by several young scholars.