Introduction to Linux
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Vim for Humans Release 1.0
Vim for humans Release 1.0 Vincent Jousse August 12, 2015 CONTENTS 1 Preamble 1 1.1 Disclaimer .................... ..................... 1 1.2 Paid book but free price .................... ..................... 1 1.3 Free license .................... ..................... 1 1.4 Thanks .................... ..................... 1 2 Introduction 3 2.1 For who? .................... ..................... 4 2.2 What you will be learning .................... .................... 4 2.3 What you will not be learning .................... .................. 4 2.4 The hardest part is to get started .................... ................. 5 3 Having a usable Vim 7 3.1 Essential preamble: the insert mode .................... ............... 8 3.2 Modes: the powerful Vim secrets .................... 10 3.3 The lifesaver default configuration .................... 12 3.4 And now, the color! .................... ..................... 13 3.5 Ourfirst plugin: thefile explorer .................... 17 3.6 Here we go .................... ..................... 19 4 The text editor you’ve always dreamed of 23 4.1 Learning how to move: the copy/paste use case ..................... 23 4.2 Forgetting the directional keys .................... 26 4.3 Doing without the Esc key .................... .................... 29 4.4 Combining keys and moves .................... ................... 29 4.5 Search / Move quickly .................... ..................... 30 4.6 Visual mode .................... ..................... 31 4.7 It’s your turn! .................... .................... -
Linux Fundamentals (GL120) U8583S This Is a Challenging Course That Focuses on the Fundamental Tools and Concepts of Linux and Unix
Course data sheet Linux Fundamentals (GL120) U8583S This is a challenging course that focuses on the fundamental tools and concepts of Linux and Unix. Students gain HPE course number U8583S proficiency using the command line. Beginners develop a Course length 5 days solid foundation in Unix, while advanced users discover Delivery mode ILT, vILT patterns and fill in gaps in their knowledge. The course View schedule, local material is designed to provide extensive hands-on View now pricing, and register experience. Topics include basic file manipulation; basic and View related courses View now advanced filesystem features; I/O redirection and pipes; text manipulation and regular expressions; managing jobs and processes; vi, the standard Unix editor; automating tasks with Why HPE Education Services? shell scripts; managing software; secure remote • IDC MarketScape leader 5 years running for IT education and training* administration; and more. • Recognized by IDC for leading with global coverage, unmatched technical Prerequisites Supported distributions expertise, and targeted education consulting services* Students should be comfortable with • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 • Key partnerships with industry leaders computers. No familiarity with Linux or other OpenStack®, VMware®, Linux®, Microsoft®, • SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 ITIL, PMI, CSA, and SUSE Unix operating systems is required. • Complete continuum of training delivery • Ubuntu 16.04 LTS options—self-paced eLearning, custom education consulting, traditional classroom, video on-demand -
Text Editing in UNIX: an Introduction to Vi and Editing
Text Editing in UNIX A short introduction to vi, pico, and gedit Copyright 20062009 Stewart Weiss About UNIX editors There are two types of text editors in UNIX: those that run in terminal windows, called text mode editors, and those that are graphical, with menus and mouse pointers. The latter require a windowing system, usually X Windows, to run. If you are remotely logged into UNIX, say through SSH, then you should use a text mode editor. It is possible to use a graphical editor, but it will be much slower to use. I will explain more about that later. 2 CSci 132 Practical UNIX with Perl Text mode editors The three text mode editors of choice in UNIX are vi, emacs, and pico (really nano, to be explained later.) vi is the original editor; it is very fast, easy to use, and available on virtually every UNIX system. The vi commands are the same as those of the sed filter as well as several other common UNIX tools. emacs is a very powerful editor, but it takes more effort to learn how to use it. pico is the easiest editor to learn, and the least powerful. pico was part of the Pine email client; nano is a clone of pico. 3 CSci 132 Practical UNIX with Perl What these slides contain These slides concentrate on vi because it is very fast and always available. Although the set of commands is very cryptic, by learning a small subset of the commands, you can edit text very quickly. What follows is an outline of the basic concepts that define vi. -
Coleman-Coding-Freedom.Pdf
Coding Freedom !" Coding Freedom THE ETHICS AND AESTHETICS OF HACKING !" E. GABRIELLA COLEMAN PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Copyright © 2013 by Princeton University Press Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial- NoDerivs CC BY- NC- ND Requests for permission to modify material from this work should be sent to Permissions, Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW press.princeton.edu All Rights Reserved At the time of writing of this book, the references to Internet Web sites (URLs) were accurate. Neither the author nor Princeton University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Coleman, E. Gabriella, 1973– Coding freedom : the ethics and aesthetics of hacking / E. Gabriella Coleman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-14460-3 (hbk. : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-691-14461-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Computer hackers. 2. Computer programmers. 3. Computer programming—Moral and ethical aspects. 4. Computer programming—Social aspects. 5. Intellectual freedom. I. Title. HD8039.D37C65 2012 174’.90051--dc23 2012031422 British Library Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Printed on acid- free paper. ∞ Printed in the United States of America 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 This book is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE !" We must be free not because we claim freedom, but because we practice it. -
A Brief Introduction to Unix-2019-AMS
A Brief Introduction to Linux/Unix – AMS 2019 Pete Pokrandt UW-Madison AOS Systems Administrator [email protected] Twitter @PTH1 Brief Intro to Linux/Unix o Brief History of Unix o Basics of a Unix session o The Unix File System o Working with Files and Directories o Your Environment o Common Commands Brief Intro to Unix (contd) o Compilers, Email, Text processing o Image Processing o The vi editor History of Unix o Created in 1969 by Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie at AT&T o Revised in-house until first public release 1977 o 1977 – UC-Berkeley – Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) o 1983 – Sun Workstations produced a Unix Workstation o AT&T unix -> System V History of Unix o Today – two main variants, but blended o System V (Sun Solaris, SGI, Dec OSF1, AIX, linux) o BSD (Old SunOS, linux, Mac OSX/MacOS) History of Unix o It’s been around for a long time o It was written by computer programmers for computer programmers o Case sensitive, mostly lowercase abbreviations Basics of a Unix Login Session o The Shell – the command line interface, where you enter commands, etc n Some common shells Bourne Shell (sh) C Shell (csh) TC Shell (tcsh) Korn Shell (ksh) Bourne Again Shell (bash) [OSX terminal] Basics of a Unix Login Session o Features provided by the shell n Create an environment that meets your needs n Write shell scripts (batch files) n Define command aliases n Manipulate command history n Automatically complete the command line (tab) n Edit the command line (arrow keys in tcsh) Basics of a Unix Login Session o Logging in to a unix -
Set up Mail Server Documentation 1.0
Set Up Mail Server Documentation 1.0 Nosy 2014 01 23 Contents 1 1 1.1......................................................1 1.2......................................................2 2 11 3 13 3.1...................................................... 13 3.2...................................................... 13 3.3...................................................... 13 4 15 5 17 5.1...................................................... 17 5.2...................................................... 17 5.3...................................................... 17 5.4...................................................... 18 6 19 6.1...................................................... 19 6.2...................................................... 28 6.3...................................................... 32 6.4 Webmail................................................. 36 6.5...................................................... 37 6.6...................................................... 38 7 39 7.1...................................................... 39 7.2 SQL.................................................... 41 8 43 8.1...................................................... 43 8.2 strategy.................................................. 43 8.3...................................................... 44 8.4...................................................... 45 8.5...................................................... 45 8.6 Telnet................................................... 46 8.7 Can postfix receive?.......................................... -
Session: Introduction Topic: Editors Daniel Chang
COP 3344 Introduction to UNIX Lecture Session: Introduction Topic: Editors Daniel Chang Copyright August 2006, Daniel Chang COP 3344 Introduction to UNIX Using "pico" • The command "pico" will start the "pico" text editor with an empty buffer • Specifying a file name will have "pico" open that file (or start a new file) • Incidentally, "nano" is a GNU clone of "pico" pico pico <filename> Commands • Arrow keys are used to navigate around document • Similar to "pine" e-mail program, available commands are displayed at the bottom of the "pico" window • The caret symbol (^) indicates you must press and hold the control key first, then press the key for the command. Marking and Cut & Paste • You cannot use your mouse in "pico" (actually, the mouse works to cut and paste because of the SSHClient program, but you must learn how to work without it) • ^^ (ctrl-shift-^) begins marking text at the current cursor position • Use the arrow keys to mark text • ^k cuts text (kills), ^u then brings the text back at the current cursor position Saving • ^o writes "Out" the buffered text to a file • A prompt appears at the bottom of the screen allowing you to specify a file name • ^x exits "pico" Copyright August 2006, Daniel Chang COP 3344 Introduction to UNIX "pico" Commands (arrows) Move cursor (bksp) Move cursor left one space, deleting character ^a Move to beginning of line ^b Move back one character (same as left arrow) ^e Move to end of line ^f Move forward one character (same as right arrow) ^n Move to next line (same as down arrow) ^p Move to previous -
Open Source Software Development: an Overview
COMPUTING PRACTICES Open Source Software Development: An Overview Although some challenge the value of open source software development,its popularity cannot be disputed. This overview of open source licensing and development models describes some of the movement’s main principles. Ming-Wei Wu roprietary software vendors operate on a seeks to develop Unix-compatible software and return closed-source model: They develop their software to a state of freedom. Ying-Dar Lin own software and release that software to Stallman is both an open source evangelist and a National the public with the intention of gaining mar- major open source contributor as the principal author Chiao Tung University, ket penetration and earning a profit. The of the GNU C Compiler (GCC), GNU symbolic Taiwan Popen source movement, while still profitable in many debugger (GDB), GNU Emacs, and more. All these ways to profit-oriented companies, relies on a differ- packages provide essential tools for GNU/Linux. The ent set of practices. In the open source movement, Red Hat 7.1 distribution, which collects some 1,016 everyone capable of writing code is welcome to join packages altogether, contains 70 GNU packages. in, a strategy that—according to open source advo- The purpose of the Free Software Foundation is not cates—directly leads to more robust software and to ensure distributing software to the end user without more diverse business models. cost, but to ensure that the end user can use the soft- While some challenge the general assumptions ware freely. From the Free Software Foundation’s per- about the benefits of open source software develop- spective, the term “free software” has nothing to do ment,1 the evidence of popular buy-in cannot be dis- with price: A program is free software if you have the puted. -
Free As in Freedom (2.0): Richard Stallman and the Free Software Revolution
Free as in Freedom (2.0): Richard Stallman and the Free Software Revolution Sam Williams Second edition revisions by Richard M. Stallman i This is Free as in Freedom 2.0: Richard Stallman and the Free Soft- ware Revolution, a revision of Free as in Freedom: Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software. Copyright c 2002, 2010 Sam Williams Copyright c 2010 Richard M. Stallman Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License." Published by the Free Software Foundation 51 Franklin St., Fifth Floor Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA ISBN: 9780983159216 The cover photograph of Richard Stallman is by Peter Hinely. The PDP-10 photograph in Chapter 7 is by Rodney Brooks. The photo- graph of St. IGNUcius in Chapter 8 is by Stian Eikeland. Contents Foreword by Richard M. Stallmanv Preface by Sam Williams vii 1 For Want of a Printer1 2 2001: A Hacker's Odyssey 13 3 A Portrait of the Hacker as a Young Man 25 4 Impeach God 37 5 Puddle of Freedom 59 6 The Emacs Commune 77 7 A Stark Moral Choice 89 8 St. Ignucius 109 9 The GNU General Public License 123 10 GNU/Linux 145 iii iv CONTENTS 11 Open Source 159 12 A Brief Journey through Hacker Hell 175 13 Continuing the Fight 181 Epilogue from Sam Williams: Crushing Loneliness 193 Appendix A { Hack, Hackers, and Hacking 209 Appendix B { GNU Free Documentation License 217 Foreword by Richard M. -
Fundamentals of Working at the Command Line at Graham.Key
General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 Fundamentals of working at the command line at Graham Isaac Ye, High Performance Technical Consultant SHARCNET, York University [email protected] !1 General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 JOB, SCHEDULER, RESOURCE Computing Graham.computecanada.ca node Submitting a job Client Login SSH SLURM Computing PC node node /scratch Computing - SSH Client - Module load - Run-time node (Putty, - Compilation - # of MobaXterm) - Checking cores jobs - Memory - Job - Writing submission files Fundamentals of working at the command line at Graham "2 General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 Outlines • Basic LINUX concepts • BASH command line essentials • Command pipes/redirection • SHELL variables/scripts • Filesystems and permissions • Managing files • Working environment • Modules (if time permitted) Fundamentals of working at the command line at Graham "3 General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 Behind the command line: UNIX & SHELL • Unix is an operating system, Graham runs CentOS Linux, a distributions of Linux operating systems • Most Unix-based systems have a GUI interface, but the Command Line (CL) offers more complex and abstract interactions with far less effort • At login the system starts a SHELL process for you that acts as your CL interpreter to interface with the operation system • Borne Again SHELL (BASH) is the default shell at SHRCNET Fundamentals of working at the command line at Graham "4 General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 What is Shell? • Shell is the interface between end user and the system Fundamentals of working at the command line at Graham "5 General Interest Seminar Series, 2018 The shell of Linux • Linux has a variety of different shells: – Bourne shell (sh), C shell (csh), Korn shell (ksh), TC shell (tcsh), Bourne Again shell (bash). -
Linux Information Sheet Linux Information Sheet
Linux Information Sheet Linux Information Sheet Table of Contents Linux Information Sheet....................................................................................................................................1 Michael K. Johnson <[email protected]>.......................................................................................1 1.Introduction to Linux............................................................................................................................1 2.Linux Features......................................................................................................................................1 3.Hardware Issues....................................................................................................................................1 4.An Incomplete List of Ported Programs and Other Software...............................................................1 5.Who uses Linux?...................................................................................................................................1 6.Getting Linux........................................................................................................................................1 7.Legal Status of Linux............................................................................................................................2 8.News About Linux................................................................................................................................2 9.The Future.............................................................................................................................................2 -
Editor War - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Editor War from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
11/20/13 Editor war - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Editor war From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Editor war is the common name for the rivalry between users of the vi and Emacs text editors. The rivalry has become a lasting part of hacker culture and the free software community. Many flame wars have been fought between groups insisting that their editor of choice is the paragon of editing perfection, and insulting the others. Unlike the related battles over operating systems, programming languages, and even source code indent style, choice of editor usually only affects oneself. Contents 1 Differences between vi and Emacs 1.1 Benefits of vi-like editors 1.2 Benefits of Emacs 2 Humor 3 Current state of the editor war 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links Differences between vi and Emacs The most important differences between vi and Emacs are presented in the following table: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_war 1/6 11/20/13 Editor war - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia vi Emacs Emacs commands are key combinations for which modifier keys vi editing retains each permutation of typed keys. are held down while other keys are Keystroke This creates a path in the decision tree which pressed; a command gets executed execution unambiguously identifies any command. once completely typed. This still forms a decision tree of commands, but not one of individual keystrokes. Historically, vi is a smaller and faster program, but Emacs takes longer to start up (even with less capacity for customization. The vim compared to vim) and requires more version of vi has evolved to provide significantly memory.