Rudolf-Wissell-Str. 28a Background 37079 Göttingen, Germany Phone: +49 551-50556-0 (CgA) and B (CgB) are members of a family of acidic stored and released Fax: +49 551-50556-384 throughout the neuroendocrine system. The large dense core vesicle associated proteins have E-mail: [email protected] multiple functions in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. They are differentially processed in different Web: www.sysy.com tissues. Chromogranin A (CgA) is the precursor for the bioactive peptides pancreastatin, vasostatins, Chromogranin B catestatin, β- and WE-14. Cat.No. 259 103; Polyclonal rabbit antibody, 50 µg specific antibody (lyophilized) Selected References for 259 103

The RAB3-RIM Pathway Is Essential for the Release of Neuromodulators. Data Sheet Persoon CM, Hoogstraaten RI, Nassal JP, van Weering JRT, Kaeser PS, Toonen RF, Verhage M Neuron (2019) 1046: 1065-1080.e12. . WB, ICC; tested species: mouse Reconstitution/ 50 µg specific antibody, lyophilized. Affinity purified with the immunogen. CaMKII controls via gene expression and axonal targeting of neuropeptide vesicles. Moro A, van Woerden GM, Toonen RF, Verhage M Storage Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 50 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use. PLoS biology (2020) 188: e3000826. . WB, ICC; tested species: mouse For detailed information, see back of the data sheet. The phosphoprotein Ia regulates the kinetics of dense-core vesicle release. Yang HJ, Chen PC, Huang CT, Cheng TL, Hsu SP, Chen CY, Lu JC, Wang CT Applications WB: 1 : 1000 (AP staining) The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2021) : . . ICC; tested species: rat IP: not tested yet controls neuropeptide secretion by organizing dense-core vesicle fusion sites. ICC: 1 : 500 Moro A, van Nifterick A, Toonen RF, Verhage M IHC: 1 : 500 Science advances (2021) 721: . . ICC; tested species: mouse IHC-P/FFPE: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 10000 Fbxo41 Promotes Disassembly of Neuronal Primary Cilia. Immunogen Recombinant corresponding to AA 407 to 677 from mouse Chromogranin King CR, A A Quadros AR, Chazeau A, Saarloos I, van der Graaf AJ, Verhage M, Toonen RF Scientific reports (2019) 91: 8179. . ICC; tested species: mouse B (UniProt Id: P16014) Dense-core vesicle biogenesis and in neurons lacking chromogranins A and B. Reactivity Reacts with: rat (O35314), mouse (P16014). Dominguez N, van Weering JRT, Borges R, Toonen RFG, Verhage M Other species not tested yet. Journal of neurochemistry (2018) 1443: 241-254. . WB; KO verified; tested species: mouse Specificity Specific chromogranin B. K.O. PubMed: 29178418 Pool size estimations for dense-core vesicles in mammalian CNS neurons. Persoon CM, Moro A, Nassal JP, Farina M, Broeke JH, Arora S, Dominguez N, van Weering JR, Toonen RF, Verhage M Matching 259-1P The EMBO journal (2018) : . . ICC; tested species: mouse control SNAP-25 gene family members differentially support secretory vesicle fusion. Arora S, Saarloos I, Kooistra R, van de Bospoort R, Verhage M, Toonen RF TO BE USED IN VITRO / FOR RESEARCH ONLY Journal of cell science (2017) 13011: 1877-1889. . ICC; tested species: mouse Tomosyn associates with secretory vesicles in neurons through its N- and C-terminal domains. NOT TOXIC, NOT HAZARDOUS, NOT INFECTIOUS, NOT CONTAGIOUS Geerts CJ, Mancini R, Chen N, Koopmans FTW, Li KW, Smit AB, van Weering JRT, Verhage M, Groffen AJA PloS one (2017) 127: e0180912. . ICC; tested species: mouse CAPS-1 promotes fusion competence of stationary dense-core vesicles in presynaptic terminals of mammalian neurons. Access the online factsheet including applicable protocols Farina M, van de Bospoort R, He E, Persoon CM, van Weering JR, Broeke JH, Verhage M, Toonen RF eLife (2015) 4: . . ICC at https://sysy.com/product/259103 or scan the QR-code. The SNARE protein vti1a functions in dense-core vesicle biogenesis. Walter AM, Kurps J, de Wit H, Schöning S, Toft-Bertelsen TL, Lauks J, Ziomkiewicz I, Weiss AN, Schulz A, Fischer von Mollard G, Verhage M, et al. The EMBO journal (2014) 3315: 1681-97. . ICC; tested species: mouse

Selected General References

The functional role of chromogranins in exocytosis. Domínguez N, Estévez-Herrera J, Pardo MR, Pereda D, Machado JD, Borges R Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN (2012) 482: 317-22. . A distinct trans-Golgi network subcompartment for sorting of synaptic and granule proteins in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Park JJ, Gondré-Lewis MC, Eiden LE, Loh YP Journal of cell science (2011) 124Pt 5: 735-44. . Chromogranin B gene ablation reduces the cargo and decelerates exocytosis in chromaffin secretory vesicles. Díaz-Vera J, Morales YG, Hernández-Fernaud JR, Camacho M, Montesinos MS, Calegari F, Huttner WB, Borges R, Machado JD The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2010) 303: 950-7. . FAQ - How should I store my antibody? Polyclonal Antibodies Crude antisera: With anti-microbials added, they may be stored at 4°C. However, frozen Shipping Conditions storage (-20°C up to -80°C) is preferable. Affinity purified antibodies: Less robust than antisera. Storage at -20°C up to -80°C is All our antibodies and control proteins / peptides are shipped lyophilized (vacuum freeze- recommended. Adding a carrier protein like BSA will increase long term stability. Most of our dried) and are stable in this form without loss of quality at ambient temperatures for antibodies already contain carrier proteins. Please refer to the data-sheet for detailed several weeks. information.

Storage of Sealed Vials after Delivery Fluorescence-labeled Antibodies

Unlabeled and biotin-labeled antibodies and control proteins should be stored at 4°C Store as a liquid with 1 : 1 (v/v) glycerol at -20°C. Protect these antibodies from light exposure. before reconstitution. They must not be stored in the freezer when still lyophilized! Temperatures below zero may cause loss of performance. Fluorescence-labeled antibodies should be reconstituted immediately upon receipt. Long Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles term storage (several months) may lead to aggregation. Control peptides should be kept at -20°C before reconstitution. for all antibodies! Long Term Storage after Reconstitution (General

Considerations)

The storage freezer must not be of the frost-free variety ("no-frost freezer"). This cycle between freezing and thawing (to reduce frost-build-up), which is exactly what should be FAQ - How should I reconstitute my antibody? avoided. For the same reason, antibody vials should be placed in an area of the freezer that has minimal temperature fluctuations, for instance towards the back rather than on a door Reconstitution shelf. Aliquot the antibody and store frozen (-20°C to -80°C). Avoid very small aliquots (below 20 µl) All our antibodies are lyophilized from PBS. To reconstitute the antibody in PBS, add the and use the smallest storage vial or tube possible. The smaller the aliquot, the more the stock amount of deionized water given in the respective datasheet. If higher volumes are preferred, concentration is affected by evaporation and adsorption of the antibody to the surface of the add water as mentioned above and then the desired amount of PBS and a stabilizing carrier storage vial or tube. Adsorption of the antibody to the surface leads to a substantial loss of protein (e.g. BSA) to a final concentration of 2%. Some of our antibodies already contain activity. albumin. Take this into account when adding more carrier protein. The addition of glycerol to a final concentration of 50% lowers the freezing point of your stock For complete reconstitution, carefully remove the lid. After adding water, briefly vortex the and keeps your antibody at -20°C in liquid state. This efficiently avoids freeze and thaw cycles. solution. You can spin down the liquid by placing the vial into a 50 ml centrifugation tube filled with paper. Product Specific Hints for Storage If desired, add small amounts of azide or thimerosal to prevent microbial growth. This is especially recommended if you want to keep an aliquot a 4°C. Control proteins / peptides After reconstitution of fluorescence-labeled antibodies, add 1 : 1 (v/v) glycerol to a final concentration of 50%. This lowers the freezing point of your stock and keeps your antibody in Store at -20°C to -80°C. liquid state at -20°C. Glycerol may also be added to unlabeled primary antibodies. It is a suitable way to avoid freeze- thaw cycles. Monoclonal Antibodies Please refer to our tips and hints for subsequent storage of reconstituted antibodies and control peptides and proteins. Ascites and hybridoma supernatant should be stored at -20°C up to -80°C. Prolonged storage at 4°C is not recommended! Unlike serum, ascites may contain proteases that will degrade the antibodies. Purified IgG should be stored at -20°C up to -80°C. Adding a carrier protein like BSA will increase long term stability. Many of our antibodies already contain carrier proteins. Please refer to the data-sheet for detailed information.

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