70Th Martyrs' Day Observed
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Working Paper 100 EV
Myanmar Literature Project jrefrmpmaypDrHudef; Hans-Bernd Zöllner (ed.) Working Paper No. 10:100 Papers Presented at the Burma Studies Conference, Singapore 2006 Passauer Beiträge zur Südostasienkunde Working Papers ISSN 1435-5310 Alle Rechte © Lehrstuhl für Südostasienkunde, Universität Passau 2006 Druck: Universität Passau Printed in Germany Papers Presented at the Burma Studies Conference, Singapore 2006 Contents About the Contributors.............................................................................................................................. 4 I. INTRODUCTION (Hans-Bernd Zöllner)..........................................................................................5 Looking Back on the Way to a Second Level of Investigation ............................................................ 5 Looking at the Contributions of this Volume ............................... Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. Nationalism ............................................................................... Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. Political Terms and Political Reality ........................................ Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. Socialist Economics with a Question Mark .............................. Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. A Way Out ................................................................................ Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. Looking Ahead - Sceptically, not Pessimistically ........................ Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. II. Hans-Bernd Zöllner: INTEGRATING OTHER PEOPLES’ -
Yangon Region Gov't, HK-Taiwan Consortium Ink Industrial Zone Deal
Business Yangon Region Gov’t, HK-Taiwan Consortium Ink Industrial Zone Deal Yangon Region Minister for Planning and Finance U Myint Thaung delivers the opening speech at a press conference at the Yangon Investment Forum 2019. / The Global New Light of Myanmar By THE IRRAWADDY 29 April 2019 YANGON—The Yangon regional government will sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with a consortium of Hong Kong and Taiwan companies next month to develop an international-standard industrial zone in Htantabin Township in the west of the commercial capital. Worth an estimated US$500 million (761.2 billion kyats) the Htantabin Industrial Zone will be implemented on more than 1,000 acres and is expected to create more than 150,000 job opportunities, said Naw Pan Thinzar Myo, Yangon Region Karen ethnic affairs minister, at a press conference on Friday. The regional government and the Hong Kong-Taiwan consortium, Golden Myanmar Investment Co., are scheduled to sign the MoU at the 2nd Yangon Investment Fair on May 10, which will showcase about 80 projects across Yangon Region in an effort to drum up local and foreign investment. It is expected to take about nine years to fully implement the Htantabin Industrial Zone. The MoU is the first to be implemented among 11 industrial zones planned by the Yangon regional government in undeveloped areas on the outskirts of Yangon. A map of the Htantabin Industrial Zone / Invest Myanmar Summit website At the country’s first Investment Fair in late January, the Yangon government showcased planned international-standard industrial zones in 11 townships: Kungyangon, Kawhmu, Twantay, Thingyan, Kyauktan, Khayan, Thongwa, Taikkyi, Hmawbi, Hlegu and Htantabin. -
President and First Lady Share Merit for Martyred Leaders on 71St Martyrs’ Day
CENTENARY BIRTHDAY OF SAYAMAGYI DAW KYAN, WRITER RESEARCHER P-8-9 (OPINION) NATIONAL NATIONAL State Counsellor offers ‘soon’ to State Counsellor: Only by remembering country’s history, Sanghas in memory of Martyrs one learns what to do and what not in future PAGE-3 PAGE-5 Vol. V, No. 95, 8TH Waxing of Second Waso 1380 ME www.globalnewlightofmyanmar.com Friday, 20 July 2018 President U Win Myint and First Lady Daw Cho Cho pay homage to the Buddha before Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, daughter of General Aung San, pays tribute to General Aung San donating ‘soon’ (day meal) to the Members of the Sangha. PHOTO: MNA and Martyrs at the Martyrs’ Mausoleum yesterday. PHOTO: ZAW MIN LATT President and First Lady Daw Aung San Suu Kyi pays share merit for martyred tribute to Bogyoke Aung San st leaders on 71 Martyrs’ Day Tens of thousands pay respects to Martyrs st ON the 71st Martyrs’ Day, a donation U Hla Thein and wife Daw Aye Thida, at Mausoleum on 71 Martyrs’ Day ceremony was held at the Nay Pyi Taw Deputy Commander-in-Chief of De- Council Office Zabuthiri Hall yesterday fence Services and Commander-in-Chief AT an event for the 71st Martyrs’ Day held assassinated 71 years ago. morning, and merit was shared for the (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win, yesterday at the Martyrs’ Mausoleum in Present at yesterday’s event at the leaders who sacrificed their lives for the Union Ministers, Union Attorney-Gen- Yangon, State Counsellor Daw Aung San Martyrs’ Mausoleum near the northern country. -
Burma Coup Watch
This publication is produced in cooperation with Burma Human Rights Network (BHRN), Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (BROUK), the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), Progressive Voice (PV), US Campaign for Burma (USCB), and Women Peace Network (WPN). BN 2021/2031: 1 Mar 2021 BURMA COUP WATCH: URGENT ACTION REQUIRED TO PREVENT DESTABILIZING VIOLENCE A month after its 1 February 2021 coup, the military junta’s escalation of disproportionate violence and terror tactics, backed by deployment of notorious military units to repress peaceful demonstrations, underlines the urgent need for substantive international action to prevent massive, destabilizing violence. The junta’s refusal to receive UN diplomatic and CONTENTS human rights missions indicates a refusal to consider a peaceful resolution to the crisis and 2 Movement calls for action confrontation sparked by the coup. 2 Coup timeline 3 Illegal even under the 2008 In order to avert worse violence and create the Constitution space for dialogue and negotiations, the 4 Information warfare movement in Burma and their allies urge that: 5 Min Aung Hlaing’s promises o International Financial Institutions (IFIs) 6 Nationwide opposition immediately freeze existing loans, recall prior 6 CDM loans and reassess the post-coup situation; 7 CRPH o Foreign states and bodies enact targeted 7 Junta’s violent crackdown sanctions on the military (Tatmadaw), 8 Brutal LIDs deployed Tatmadaw-affiliated companies and partners, 9 Ongoing armed conflict including a global arms embargo; and 10 New laws, amendments threaten human rights o The UN Security Council immediately send a 11 International condemnation delegation to prevent further violence and 12 Economy destabilized ensure the situation is peacefully resolved. -
05 Narayanan Ganesan 4교.Indd
Asian Journal of Peacebuilding August 10, 2021: 1-28 doi: 10.18588/202108.00a148 Perspective Democratic Deficits: Structural and Agency Factors in Myanmar’s Ethnic Peace Process during Regime Transition Narayanan Ganesan Myanmar has undergone democratic transition since 2010 when the country introduced elections and a parliamentary form of government. The country has now had two successive governments, the first led by President Thein Sein and the second by Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy. Both governments have made the ethnic peace process, based on the 2015 Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement, a key policy issue. Nonetheless, only limited success has been obtained thus far, and important structural and agency factors inhibit greater progress. These factors, termed “democracy deficits” in this article, suggest that the peace process has limited scope for further success in the medium term, and that the interactions between these two factors has only worsened the situation. A postscript brings the article up to date. Keywords Myanmar, democratization, Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement, Northern Alliance, National League for Democracy Introduction Myanmar began a domestically engineered democratic transition in 2010 with the country going through two elected governments in the following decade. The first government, led by President Thein Sein, was only partly democratic since leading personalities within it were drawn from the military, and the major opposition political party boycotted the election. By contrast, the second National League for Democracy (NLD) government, led by Aung San Suu Kyi, that took power in 2016, was far more democratic with a strong mandate and an overwhelming majority in parliament. Both governments sought to end the long-running wars with ethnic armed groups and regarded this an extremely important agenda item during their terms of office. -
The Steel Butterfly: Aung San Suu Kyi Democracy Movement in Burma
presents The Steel Butterfly: Aung San Suu Kyi and the Democracy Movement in Burma Photo courtesy of First Post Voices Against Indifference Initiative 2012-2013 Dear Teachers, As the world watches Burma turn toward democracy, we cannot help but wish to be part of this historic movement; to stand by these citizens who long for justice and who so richly deserve to live in a democratic society. For 25 years, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi endured house arrest because of her unwavering belief in, and fight for, democracy for all the people of Burma. Through her peaceful yet tireless example, Madam Suu Kyi has demonstrated the power of the individual to change the course of history. Now, after 22 years, the United States of America has reopened diplomatic relations with Burma. President Barack Obama visited in November 2012, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visited in December 2011 and, in July of 2012, Derek Mitchell was appointed to represent our country as Ambassador to Burma. You who are the teachers of young people, shape thinking and world views each day, directly or subtly, in categories of learning that cross all boundaries. The Echo Foundation thanks you for your commitment to creating informed, compassionate, and responsible young people who will lead us into the future while promoting respect, justice and dignity for all people. With this curriculum, we ask you to teach your students about Burma, the Burmese people, and their leader, Aung San Suu Kyi. The history of Burma is fascinating. Long in the margins of traditional studies, it deserves to come into the light so that we may join the people of Burma in their quest for a stable democracy. -
A History of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964)
University of Wollongong Theses Collection University of Wollongong Theses Collection University of Wollongong Year A history of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964) Kyaw Zaw Win University of Wollongong Win, Kyaw Zaw, A history of the Burma Socialist Party (1930-1964), PhD thesis, School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/106 This paper is posted at Research Online. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/106 A HISTORY OF THE BURMA SOCIALIST PARTY (1930-1964) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree Doctor of Philosophy From University of Wollongong By Kyaw Zaw Win (BA (Q), BA (Hons), MA) School of History and Politics, Faculty of Arts July 2008 Certification I, Kyaw Zaw Win, declare that this thesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the School of History and Politics, Faculty of Arts, University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Kyaw Zaw Win______________________ Kyaw Zaw Win 1 July 2008 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations and Glossary of Key Burmese Terms i-iii Acknowledgements iv-ix Abstract x Introduction xi-xxxiii Literature on the Subject Methodology Summary of Chapters Chapter One: The Emergence of the Burmese Nationalist Struggle (1900-1939) 01-35 1. Burmese Society under the Colonial System (1870-1939) 2. Patriotism, Nationalism and Socialism 3. Thakin Mya as National Leader 4. The Class Background of Burma’s Socialist Leadership 5. -
Democratization of Myanmar
UNIVERSITY OF SARAJEVO FACULTY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE POLITICAL SCIENCE-INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND DIPLOMACY MASTER THESIS DEMOCRATIZATION OF MYANMAR Mentor: Student: Prof. Doc. Damir Kapidžić Leon Škoro Index number: 987/II SARAJEVO, NOVEMBER 2020. SUMMARY Myanmar is a country with long and continued attention to state-building, but the state has been dominated by the military, although some degree of power has been transferred to a civilian government headed by the NLD, and the authority, capacity and legitimacy of the state remain fragile. The primary interest of the military has been to protect national sovereignty, unity and stability, but with the change of government in 2011 came a series of political reforms in support of basic civil rights, electoral democracy and economic growth. The first free general election since 1990 was held in November 2015, which election returned a landslide victory for the National League for Democracy, an equally massive defeat for the USDP, and the general marginalization of most ethnic parties. The NLD formed a new government in 2016 with Htin Kyaw as the first non-military president since 1962, and Aung San Suu Kyi in a newly created position as State Counsellor, which secured her the role of de facto state leader under the 2008 Constitution.However, continued military influence, persistent capacity problems in political parties and parliamentary politics, weak channels of political representation and problems of administrative capacity give rise to critical questions about the substance of democratization in Myanmar. The country’s political trajectory remains open-ended, although the most likely scenario remains a continued, if slow, democratization process, with the next general elections scheduled for 2020. -
Bullets in the Alms Bowl
BULLETS IN THE ALMS BOWL An Analysis of the Brutal SPDC Suppression of the September 2007 Saffron Revolution March 2008 This report is dedicated to the memory of all those who lost their lives for their part in the September 2007 pro-democracy protests in the struggle for justice and democracy in Burma. May that memory not fade May your death not be in vain May our voices never be silenced Bullets in the Alms Bowl An Analysis of the Brutal SPDC Suppression of the September 2007 Saffron Revolution Written, edited and published by the Human Rights Documentation Unit March 2008 © Copyright March 2008 by the Human Rights Documentation Unit The Human Rights Documentation Unit (HRDU) is indebted to all those who had the courage to not only participate in the September protests, but also to share their stories with us and in doing so made this report possible. The HRDU would like to thank those individuals and organizations who provided us with information and helped to confirm many of the reports that we received. Though we cannot mention many of you by name, we are grateful for your support. The HRDU would also like to thank the Irish Government who funded the publication of this report through its Department of Foreign Affairs. Front Cover: A procession of Buddhist monks marching through downtown Rangoon on 27 September 2007. Despite the peaceful nature of the demonstrations, the SPDC cracked down on protestors with disproportionate lethal force [© EPA]. Rear Cover (clockwise from top): An assembly of Buddhist monks stage a peaceful protest before a police barricade near Shwedagon Pagoda in Rangoon on 26 September 2007 [© Reuters]; Security personnel stepped up security at key locations around Rangoon on 28 September 2007 in preparation for further protests [© Reuters]; A Buddhist monk holding a placard which carried the message on the minds of all protestors, Sangha and civilian alike. -
Bur a and the Burmese
Bur a and the Burmese A Historical Perspective by Eric S. Casino ~ited by Bjorn Schelander with illustrations by Ann Hsu Partially funcled by the U.S. Department of Education Center for Southeast Asian Studies School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies University of Hawai'i July 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations i Preface ii Chapter One LAND AND PEOPLE 1 Chapter Two FROM PAST TO PRESENT 17 Chapter Three RELIGION 49 Chapter Four LIFE AND CULTURE 65 Chapter Five BURMA AFTER INDEPENDENCE 85 Key to Exercises 104 BASIC REFERENCES 114 List of Illustrations Burmese Fishermen 8 Temples of Pagan 19 Shwedagon Pagoda 57 Chinthes (mythical creatures) 71 Burmese Ox Cart 78 Fisherman in Northern Burma 95 i PREFACE fu 1989, following the rise to power of the new regime, the SLORC (State Law and Order Restoration Council), the official name of the Union of Burma was changed to Union of Myanmar. Many place names were either given new spellings to correct British mistransliterations or replaced by their pre-colonial era names. For example Pagan was replaced by Bagan, Rangoon by Yangon, and Maymyo by Pyin 00 Lwin. However, these new names are not widely used outside (or, for some, inside) the country, and most recent literature has retained the old names and spellings. Hence, to avoid confusion, the old names and spellings will also be retained in this text (including the terms "Burma," "Burman," and "Burmese"). It should be noted that specialists on Burma make an important distinction between "Burman" and "Burmese. II The term Burmese refers to all the people who are citizens of the Union of Burma (Myanmar). -
The Influence of Burmese Buddhist Understandings of Suffering on the Subjective Experience and Social Perceptions of Schizophrenia
THE INFLUENCE OF BURMESE BUDDHIST UNDERSTANDINGS OF SUFFERING ON THE SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE AND SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA by SARAH ELIZABETH ADLER Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Adviser: Dr. Melvyn C. Goldstein Department of Anthropology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY January 2008 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of ______________________________________________________ candidate for the ________________________________degree *. (signed)_______________________________________________ (chair of the committee) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (date) _______________________ *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Tables v Acknowledgements vi Abstract vii I. Introduction 1 A. Models and Meaning of Therapeutic Efficacy 2 B. The Role of Religion in Addressing Health Concerns 6 C. Suffering: Connecting Religion and Illness Experience 10 D. The Definition and Cultural Construction of Suffering 13 E. Religion and Suffering in the Context of Schizophrenia 18 F. Buddhism, Suffering, and Healing 22 G. Summary of Objectives and Outline of the Dissertation 28 II. Research Design and Methods 30 A. Development of Topic and Perspective 30 B. Research Site 33 1. Country Profile 33 2. Yangon Mental Health Hospital 37 3. Outpatient Clinics 45 4. Community 48 C. Research Participants 49 1. Patient subset (n=40; 20 inpatients, 20 outpatients) 52 2. Family member subset (n=20) 56 3. Healer subset (n=40) 57 4. Survey respondents (n=142) 59 D. Interpretation and Analysis 60 1. Data Collection 60 a. Structured Interviews 62 b. Semi-Structured Interviews 66 c. -
The Gender Gap and Women's Political Power in Myanmar/Burma
May 2013 The Gender Gap and Women’s Political Power in Myanmar/Burma Advances in international law have changed the face of democracy and promoted the rights of women worldwide. Unfortunately, these advances have not yet helped or improved the lives of women in Burma. Women’s rights have expanded to include rights to gender parity in all areas of governance: ceasefire discussions, peace treaty negotiations, constitution drafting committees, political parties, and equal representation in the executive, legislative and judicial branches. In Burma, over sixty years of military rule has reinforced and perpetuated discrimination against women by preventing them from achieving positions of political power. Because women are not admitted to the Defense Services (Tatmadaw), women have been ineligible for the employment, education, business, joint venture and travel opportunities created by military status. Moreover, the 2008 Constitution requires that the Defense Services appoint 25% of parliamentarians and guarantees that the Defense Forces will remain the integral and dominant political force of Burma. Therefore, the Constitution is the main obstacle preventing true equality and political power for women in Burma going forward. The timeline below illustrates the absence of women in formal power positions in Burma. Beginning in the 1980s, global advances in women’s rights helped secure increased political participation for women in many countries; unfortunately, this progress has not been felt in Burma. It is crucial for more women to be represented in the formal governing structures so that the voices of all Burmese women can be heard. Women activists staged the first strike against sex discrimination, protesting British 1927 regulations that prevented women from holding legislative positions.