DOCSLIB.ORG

Lecture 4 Early Fishes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lecture 4 Early Fishes Lecture 4 Early Fishes 1. Chondrichthyes 2. Acanthodians 3. Sarcopterygians Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Cartilaginous skeleton, not ossified Skull with no sutures Internal fertilization with claspers High blood concentration of urea Holocephali Elasmobranchii Gill cover over 4 gill openings 5 to 7 gill openings Top jaw fused to cranium Teeth serially replaced Chondrichthyes Classifications Class Subclass Cohort Subcohort Chondrichthyes Holocephali Elasmobranchii Palaeoselachii extinct Euselachii Protoselachii Neoselachii Elasmobranchii- (sharks & rays) A few morphological differences • gill slits on sides of sharks, ventral on rays • small lateral spiracles on sharks, large dorsal spiracles on rays • anterior edge of pectoral fin not attached to side of head in sharks Elasmobranchii- (sharks & rays) Elasmobranchii- (sharks & rays) • Teeth not fused to jaws • replaced serially • as a group, relatively large 90% > 30cm 50% > 1m 20% > 2m Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Sharks Shark Orders Pristiophoriformes - (sawsharks) sensory barbels - use blade to laterally slash prey - relatively small ~ 1.8 meters - evolved independently of sawfishes (Pristiformes) Squatiniformes (Angel sharks) - viviparous - benthic piscivores Squaliformes (dogfish) ovoviviparous two dorsal fins Hexanchiformes (sixgill sharks) … not just a clever name Lamniformes (mackerel sharks) ovoviviparous -oophagous Carcharhiniformes (ground sharks) oviparous, ovoviviparous, & viviparous >50% of shark spp. Orectolobiformes (Carpet & Nurse sharks) oviparous & ovoviviparous Heterodontiformes (bullhead sharks, hornsharks) spine on each dorsal fin oviparous Lamniformes Basking Sharks filter feeding has evolved three times in sharks Whales Sharks Orectolobiformes Ze Megamouth - Lamniformes mesopelagic animal Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Rays & Skates Ray Orders and Families Torpediniformes (torpedo rays) generates electrical discharges ovoviviparous Pristiformes (sawfish) rostrum loaded with electroreceptors get large ~ 7m Rajiformes: Rhinobatidae (guitarfishes) body intermediate between skate and shark feed mainly on inverts ovoviviparous Rhinopristiformes: guitarfishes & sawfishes Batoids Sharks Pavan-Kumar etal 2014 Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae & Rajidae (skates) - fleshy tail lacks spine ~ ¼ of all cartilaginous fishes - dorsal fin present - oviparous Myliobatioformes: Dasyatidae (stingrays) whip-like tail with stinging spine oviparous Myliobatioformes: Myliobatidae (eagle & mobula rays) ovoviviparous Acanthodians • oldest fossils of relatively advanced fishes • likely fed in the water column Acanthodians • oldest fossils of relatively advanced fishes • likely fed in the water column Acanthodians Synapomorphies: -5 gill arches - water column feeders - 440 - 280 Myrs ago Sarcopterygians (lobe finned vertebrates) Synapomorphies: • enamel on teeth • fins characterized by a thick, bony central axis and muscles contained within the fin itself Sarcopterygians (lobe-finned vertebrates) Two subclasses: Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnotetrapodomorpha - Lungfish & Tetrapods Coelacanthimorpha (coelacanths) First appeared 380 mybp Thought to have been extinct for 65 million years…. 1938 JLB Smith Genus is Latimeria after Majorie 2nd Coelacanth - 1952 Comoros Island – Latimeria chalumane Indonesian coelacanth?? Indonesian coelacanth Latimeria menadoensis Diverged from Comoros population ~ 30 mybp South Africa - Sodwana Bay also Latimeria chalumnae Tanzania - Kenya Latimeria chalumnae Latimeria spp. distribution At least 24 other coelacanth genera in the fossil record highest coelacanth diversity was ~230 – 200 mybp Intracranial joint: allows the front part of the head to be lifted whilst feeding • unique to coelacanths • increases gape Coelacanth in Motion …..same motion as tetrapods Marjorie Courtenay Latimer 1907-2004 Dipnotetrapodomorpha (lungfishes & tetrapods) Lungfishes 1 spp. 1 spp. 4 spp. Estivation in Lungfish Devonian lungfish Devonian fish and amphibian comparisons Devonian fish and amphibian comparisons .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Life History of the Critically Endangered Largetooth Sawfish: a Compilation of Data for Population Assessment and Demographic Modelling
    Vol. 44: 79–88, 2021 ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH Published January 28 https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01090 Endang Species Res OPEN ACCESS Life history of the Critically Endangered largetooth sawfish: a compilation of data for population assessment and demographic modelling P. M. Kyne1,*, M. Oetinger2, M. I. Grant3, P. Feutry4 1Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia 2Argus-Mariner Consulting Scientists, Owensboro, Kentucky 42301, USA 3Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia 4CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia ABSTRACT: The largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis is a Critically Endangered, once widespread shark-like ray. The species is now extinct or severely depleted in many former parts of its range and is protected in some other range states where populations persist. The likelihood of collecting substantial new biological information is now low. Here, we review all available life history infor- mation on size, age and growth, reproductive biology, and demography as a resource for popula- tion assessment and demographic modelling. We also revisit a subset of historical data from the 1970s to examine the maternal size−litter size relationship. All available information on life history is derived from the Indo-West Pacific (i.e. northern Australia) and the Western Atlantic (i.e. Lake Nicaragua-Río San Juan system in Central America) subpopulations. P. pristis reaches a maxi- mum size of at least 705 cm total length (TL), size-at-birth is 72−90 cm TL, female size-at-maturity is reached by 300 cm TL, male size-at-maturity is 280−300 cm TL, age-at-maturity is 8−10 yr, longevity is 30−36 yr, litter size range is 1−20 (mean of 7.3 in Lake Nicaragua), and reproductive periodicity is suspected to be biennial in Lake Nicaragua (Western Atlantic) but annual in Aus- tralia (Indo-West Pacific).
    [Show full text]
  • Rhinopristiformes: Pristidae) in the Gulf of Mexico
    Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS Folia Parasitologica 2020, 67: 009 doi: 10.14411/fp.2020.009 http://folia.paru.cas.cz Research Article A new genus and species of fish blood fluke, Achorovermis testisinuosus gen. et sp. n. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae), infecting critically endangered smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pectinata (Rhinopristiformes: Pristidae) in the Gulf of Mexico Micah B. Warren1, Micah D. Bakenhaster2, Rachel M. Scharer3, Gregg R. Poulakis3 and Stephen A. Bullard1 1 Auburn University, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture & Aquatic Sciences and Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, Auburn, AL, USA; 2 Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, St. Petersburg, FL, USA; 3 Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Charlotte Harbor Field Laboratory, Port Charlotte, FL, USA Abstract: Achorovermis testisinuosus gen. et sp. n. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) infects the heart of the smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pect- inata Latham (Rhinopristiformes: Pristidae), in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Specimens of the new genus, along with the other blood flukes that infect batoids are similar by having an inverse U-shaped intestine and a curving testis as well as by lacking tegumental spines. The new genus differs from all of the other blood flukes infecting batoids by having an elongate body (>50 × longer than wide), a testis having >100 curves, and an ovary wholly anterior to the uterus. It differs from Ogawaia glaucostegi Cutmore, Cribb et Yong, 2018, the only other blood fluke infecting a rhinopristiform, by having a body that is >50 × (vs <30 ×) longer than wide, a testis that is >75 × (vs <40 ×) longer than wide and has >100 (vs <70) curves, an ovary wholly anterior to (vs lateral and dorsal to) the seminal vesi- cle, a uterus wholly posterior to (vs overlapping and lateral to both) the testis and ovary, and a sinuous (vs convoluted) uterus.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to the Classification of Elasmobranchs
    An introduction to the classification of elasmobranchs 17 Rekha J. Nair and P.U Zacharia Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018 Introduction eyed, stomachless, deep-sea creatures that possess an upper jaw which is fused to its cranium (unlike in sharks). The term Elasmobranchs or chondrichthyans refers to the The great majority of the commercially important species of group of marine organisms with a skeleton made of cartilage. chondrichthyans are elasmobranchs. The latter are named They include sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras. These for their plated gills which communicate to the exterior by organisms are characterised by and differ from their sister 5–7 openings. In total, there are about 869+ extant species group of bony fishes in the characteristics like cartilaginous of elasmobranchs, with about 400+ of those being sharks skeleton, absence of swim bladders and presence of five and the rest skates and rays. Taxonomy is also perhaps to seven pairs of naked gill slits that are not covered by an infamously known for its constant, yet essential, revisions operculum. The chondrichthyans which are placed in Class of the relationships and identity of different organisms. Elasmobranchii are grouped into two main subdivisions Classification of elasmobranchs certainly does not evade this Holocephalii (Chimaeras or ratfishes and elephant fishes) process, and species are sometimes lumped in with other with three families and approximately 37 species inhabiting species, or renamed, or assigned to different families and deep cool waters; and the Elasmobranchii, which is a large, other taxonomic groupings. It is certain, however, that such diverse group (sharks, skates and rays) with representatives revisions will clarify our view of the taxonomy and phylogeny in all types of environments, from fresh waters to the bottom (evolutionary relationships) of elasmobranchs, leading to a of marine trenches and from polar regions to warm tropical better understanding of how these creatures evolved.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rhinopristiform Sawfish (Genus Pristis) from the Middle Eocene (Lutetian) of Southern Peru and Its Regional Implications
    Carnets Geol. 20 (5) E-ISSN 1634-0744 DOI 10.4267/2042/70759 A rhinopristiform sawfish (genus Pristis) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian) of southern Peru and its regional implications Alberto COLLARETA 1, 2 Luz TEJADA-MEDINA 3, 4 César CHACALTANA-BUDIEL 3, 5 Walter LANDINI 1, 6 Alí ALTAMIRANO-SIERRA 7, 8 Mario URBINA-SCHMITT 7, 9 Giovanni BIANUCCI 1, 10 Abstract: Modern sawfishes (Rhinopristiformes: Pristidae) are circumglobally distributed in warm wa- ters and are common in proximal marine and even freshwater habitats. The fossil record of modern pristid genera (i.e., Pristis and Anoxypristis) dates back to the early Eocene and is mostly represented by isolated rostral spines and oral teeth, with phosphatised rostra representing exceptional occurren- ces. Here, we report on a partial pristid rostrum, exhibiting several articulated rostral spines, from middle Eocene strata of the Paracas Formation (Yumaque Member) exposed in the southern Peruvian East Pisco Basin. This finely preserved specimen shows anatomical structures that are unlikely to leave a fossil record, e.g., the paracentral grooves that extend along the ventral surface of the rostrum. Ba- sed on the morphology of the rostral spines, this fossil sawfish is here identified as belonging to Pristis. To our knowledge, this discovery represents the geologically oldest known occurrence of Pristidae from the Pacific Coast of South America. Although the fossil record of pristids from the East Pisco Basin spans from the middle Eocene to the late Miocene, sawfishes are no longer present in the modern cool, upwelling-influenced coastal waters of southern Peru. Given the ecological preferences of the extant members of Pristis, the occurrence of this genus in the Paracas deposits suggests that middle Eocene nearshore waters in southern Peru were warmer than today.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Relations of Hexanchiformes Deep-Sea Sharks Elucidated by Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequences
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2013, Article ID 147064, 11 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/147064 Research Article Evolutionary Relations of Hexanchiformes Deep-Sea Sharks Elucidated by Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequences Keiko Tanaka,1 Takashi Shiina,1 Taketeru Tomita,2 Shingo Suzuki,1 Kazuyoshi Hosomichi,3 Kazumi Sano,4 Hiroyuki Doi,5 Azumi Kono,1 Tomoyoshi Komiyama,6 Hidetoshi Inoko,1 Jerzy K. Kulski,1,7 and Sho Tanaka8 1 Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1143, Japan 2 Fisheries Science Center, The Hokkaido University Museum, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan 3 Division of Human Genetics, Department of Integrated Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan 4 Division of Science Interpreter Training, Komaba Organization for Education Excellence College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan 5 Shimonoseki Marine Science Museum, 6-1 Arcaport, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-0036, Japan 6 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Basic Clinical Science and Public Health, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1143, Japan 7 Centre for Forensic Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6008, Australia 8 Department of Marine Biology, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, 3-20-1 Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Takashi Shiina; [email protected] Received 1 March 2013; Accepted 26 July 2013 Academic Editor: Dietmar Quandt Copyright © 2013 Keiko Tanaka et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Life-History Characteristics of the Eastern Shovelnose Ray, Aptychotrema Rostrata (Shaw, 1794), from Southern Queensland, Australia
    CSIRO PUBLISHING Marine and Freshwater Research, 2021, 72, 1280–1289 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF20347 Life-history characteristics of the eastern shovelnose ray, Aptychotrema rostrata (Shaw, 1794), from southern Queensland, Australia Matthew J. Campbell A,B,C, Mark F. McLennanA, Anthony J. CourtneyA and Colin A. SimpfendorferB AQueensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Agri-Science Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. BCentre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. CCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. The eastern shovelnose ray (Aptychotrema rostrata) is a medium-sized coastal batoid endemic to the eastern coast of Australia. It is the most common elasmobranch incidentally caught in the Queensland east coast otter trawl fishery, Australia’s largest penaeid-trawl fishery. Despite this, age and growth studies on this species are lacking. The present study estimated the growth parameters and age-at-maturity for A. rostrata on the basis of sampling conducted in southern Queensland, Australia. This study showed that A. rostrata exhibits slow growth and late maturity, which are common life- history strategies among elasmobranchs. Length-at-age data were analysed within a Bayesian framework and the von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) best described these data. The growth parameters were estimated as L0 ¼ 193 mm À1 TL, k ¼ 0.08 year and LN ¼ 924 mm TL. Age-at-maturity was found to be 13.3 years and 10.0 years for females and males respectively. The under-sampling of larger, older individuals was overcome by using informative priors, reducing bias in the growth and maturity estimates.
    [Show full text]
  • Age, Growth and Reproductive Biology of Two Endemic Demersal
    ZOOLOGIA 37: e49318 ISSN 1984-4689 (online) zoologia.pensoft.net RESEARCH ARTICLE Age, growth and reproductive biology of two endemic demersal bycatch elasmobranchs: Trygonorrhina fasciata and Dentiraja australis (Chondrichthyes: Rhinopristiformes, Rajiformes) from Eastern Australia Marcelo Reis1 , Will F. Figueira1 1University of Sydney, School of Life and Environmental Sciences. Edgeworth David Building (A11), Room 111, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [email protected] Corresponding author: Marcelo Reis ([email protected]) http://zoobank.org/51FFF676-C96D-4B1A-A713-15921D9844BF ABSTRACT. Bottom-dwelling elasmobranchs, such as guitarfishes, skates and stingrays are highly susceptible species to bycatch due to the overlap between their distribution and area of fishing operations. Catch data for this group is also often merged in generic categories preventing species-specific assessments. Along the east coast of Australia, the Eastern Fiddler Ray, Trygonorrhina fasciata (Muller & Henle, 1841), and the Sydney Skate, Dentiraja australis (Macleay, 1884), are common components of bycatch yet there is little information about their age, growth and reproductive timing, making impact assessment difficult. In this study the age and growth (from vertebral bands) as well as reproductive parameters of these two species are estimated and reported based on 171 specimens of Eastern Fiddler Rays (100 females and 71 males) and 81 Sydney Skates (47 females and 34 males). Based on von Bertalanffy growth curve fits, Eastern Fiddler Rays grew to larger sizes than Sydney Skate but did so more slowly (ray: L∞ = 109.61, t0 = 0.26 and K = 0.20; skate: L∞ = 51.95, t0 = -0.99 and K = 0.34 [both sexes combined]). Both species had higher liver weight ratios (HSI) during austral summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Chondrichthyes: Neoselachii) in the Jurassic of Normandy
    FIRST MENTION OF THE FAMILY PSEUDONOTIDANIDAE (CHONDRICHTHYES: NEOSELACHII) IN THE JURASSIC OF NORMANDY by Gilles CUNY (1) and Jérôme TABOUELLE (2) ABSTRACT The discovery of a tooth of cf. Pseudonotidanus sp. is reported from the Bathonian of Normandy. Its morphology supports the transfer of the species terencei from the genus Welcommia to the genus Pseudonotidanus. It also supports the idea that Pseudonotidanidae might be basal Hexanchiformes rather than Synechodontiformes. KEYWORDS Normandy, Arromanches, Jurassic, Bathonian, Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii, Synechodontiformes, Hexanchiformes, Pseudonotidanidae. RÉSUMÉ La découverte d’une dent de cf. Pseudonotidanus sp. est signalée dans le Bathonien de Normandie. Sa morphologie soutient le transfert de l’espèce terencei du genre Welcommia au genre Pseudonotidanus . Elle soutient également l’idée que les Pseudonotidanidae pourraient appartenir aux Hexanchiformes basaux plutôt qu’aux Synechodontiformes. MOTS-CLEFS Normandie, Arromanches, Jurassique, Bathonien, Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii, Synechodontiformes, Hexanchiformes, Pseudonotidanidae. References of this article: CUNY G. and TABOUELLE J. (2014) – First mention of the family Pseudonotidanidae (Chondrichthyes: Neoselachii) in the Jurassic of Normandy. Bulletin Sciences et Géologie Normandes , tome 7, p. 21-28. 1 – INTRODUCTION In 2004, Underwood and Ward erected the new family Pseudonotidanidae for sharks showing teeth with a hexanchid-like crown (compressed labio-lingually with several cusps) and a Palaeospinacid-like root (lingually
    [Show full text]
  • Species Composition, Commercial Landings, Distribution and Some Aspects of Biology of Guitarfish and Wedgefish (Class Pisces: Order Rhinopristiformes) from Pakistan
    INT. J. BIOL. BIOTECH., 17 (3): 469-489, 2020. SPECIES COMPOSITION, COMMERCIAL LANDINGS, DISTRIBUTION AND SOME ASPECTS OF BIOLOGY OF GUITARFISH AND WEDGEFISH (CLASS PISCES: ORDER RHINOPRISTIFORMES) FROM PAKISTAN Muhammad Moazzam1* and Hamid Badar Osmany2 1WWF-Pakistan, B-205, Block 6, PECHS, Karachi 75400, Pakistan 2Marine Fisheries Department, Government of Pakistan, Fish Harbour, West Wharf, Karachi 74000, Pakistan *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Guitarfish and wedgefish are commercially exploited in Pakistan (Northern Arabian Sea) since long. It is estimated that their commercial landings ranged between 4,206 m. tons in 1981 to 403 metric tons in 2011. Analysis of the landing data from Karachi Fish Harbor (the largest fish landing center in Pakistan) revealed that seven species of guitarfish and wedgefish are landed (January 2019-February 2020 data). Granulated guitarfish (Glaucostegus granulatus) contributed about 61.69 % in total annual landings of this group followed by widenose guitarfish (G. obtusus) contributing about 23.29 % in total annual landings of guitarfish and wedgefish. Annandale’s guitarfish (Rhinobatos annandalei) and bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma) contributed 7.32 and 5.97 % in total annual landings respectively. Spotted guitarfish (R. punctifer), Halavi ray (G. halavi), smoothnose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus laevis) and Salalah guitarfish (Acroteriobatus salalah) collectively contributed about 1.73 % in total annual landings. Smoothnose wedgefish (R. laevis) is rarest of all the members of Order Rhinopristiformes. G. granulatus, G. obtusus, R. ancylostoma, G. halavi and R. laevis are critically endangered according to IUCN Red List whereas A. salalah is near threatened and R. annandalei is data deficient. There are no aimed fisheries for guitarfish and wedgefish in Pakistan but these fishes are mainly caught as by-catch of bottom-set gillnetting and shrimp trawling.
    [Show full text]
  • Last Kyne Et Al New Species of Wedgefish-Rhynchobatus Cooki 6.6
    PREPRINT http://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4139.2.7 A new species of wedgefish Rhynchobatus cooki (Rhinopristiformes, Rhinidae) from the Indo–West Pacific PETER R. LAST1*, PETER M. KYNE2 & LEONARD J.V. COMPAGNO3 1CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, Australian National Fish Collection, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS, 7001, AUSTRALIA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT, 0909, AUSTRALIA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Ichthylogist (retired), Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA *Corresponding author http://www.nespmarine.edu.au/document/new-species-wedgefish-rhynchobatus- cooki-rhinopristiformes-rhinidae-western-pacific 1 PREPRINT http://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4139.2.7 Abstract A new dwarf wedgefish, Rhynchobatus cooki sp. nov. is described from a single female from a Jakarta fish market (Indonesia) and 11 specimens collected at Jurong fish market (Singapore). First collected in 1934, the broader ichthyological community have been aware of this distinctive but little known ray since the late 1990’s. Rhynchobatus cooki is the smallest of the wedgefishes (to 81 cm TL) and has the lowest vertebral count (fewer than 107 centra). It is also distinguishable from its congeners based on its long, hastate snout, very strongly undulate anterior pectoral-fin margin, coloration and aspects of its squamation. The dorsal coloration is mainly dark and distinctively marked with white blotches, spots and streaks, and has a dark cruciate marking on the interorbit and a prominent white border around the body margin. Unlike most other wedgefish species, the snout tip lacks dark blotches and there is no black pectoral-fin marking.
    [Show full text]
  • Sequence Variation Among Populations of Sawfishes (Pristiformes: Pristidae) from Indonesia and Australia
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 18, Number 2, April 2017 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 850-856 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180259 Sequence variation among populations of sawfishes (Pristiformes: Pristidae) from Indonesia and Australia SUTARNO1,♥, A. BUDIHARJO1, A.D. SETYAWAN1, A.J. LYMBERY2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57 126, Central Java, Indonesia. Tel./Fax. +62-271-663375, ♥email: [email protected], [email protected] 2Fish Health Unit, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University. Murdoch 6150, West Australia, Australia Manuscript received: 5 January 2016. Revision accepted: 30 April 2017. Abstract. Sutarno, Budiharjo A, Setyawan AD, Lymbery AJ. 2017. Sequence variation among populations of sawfishes (Pristiformes: Pristidae) from Indonesia and Australia. Biodiversitas 18: 850-856. The sawfishes (Pristiformes: Pristidae) are very rare and critically endangered species globally, calling for conservation efforts around the world. This species is taxonomically interesting because molecular research in recent years has led to re-groupings in some species. The aim of this research was to sequence the control region (CR) of mitochondrial DNA of sawfishes from Indonesia and Australia, compare the sequences between samples, and construct phylogenetic trees to know the relationship of those samples. To achieve these aims, dried rostra of samples from both countries are collected, total DNA were purified and amplified using PCR, followed by sequencing reaction. The sequence data were then lined followed by constructing phylogenetic trees. The results of the BLASTN and phylogenetic tree analysis found two species, the all Australian samples belong to Pristis pristis (formerly P.
    [Show full text]
  • Concerted Action for the Common Guitarfish, Largetooth Sawfish And
    CONVENTION ON UNEP/CMS/COP13/Doc.28.2.8 MIGRATORY 24 September 2019 SPECIES Original: English 13th MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES Gandhinagar, India, 17 - 22 February 2020 Agenda Item 28.2 PROPOSAL FOR A CONCERTED ACTION FOR THE COMMON GUITARFISH (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) LISTED ON APPENDIX II OF THE CONVENTION, THE LARGETOOTH SAWFISH (Pristis pristis) LISTED ON APPENDIX I AND II OF THE CONVENTION AND THE SMALLTOOTH SAWFISH (Pristis pectinata) LISTED ON APPENDIX I and II OF THE CONVENTION* Summary: The Government of Gabon has submitted the attached proposal for a Concerted Action for the Common Guitarfish (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) the Largetooth Sawfish (Pristis pristis), and Smalltooth Sawfish (Pristis pectinata) in accordance with the process elaborated in Resolution 12.28. *The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CMS Secretariat (or the United Nations Environment Programme) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author UNEP/CMS/COP13/Doc28.2.8 PROPOSAL FOR A CONCERTED ACTION FOR THE COMMON GUITARFISH (Rhinobatos rhinobatos) LISTED ON APPENDIX II OF THE CONVENTION, THE LARGETOOTH SAWFISH (Pristis pristis) LISTED ON APPENDIX I AND II OF THE CONVENTION AND THE SMALLTOOTH SAWFISH (Pristis pectinata) LISTED ON APPENDIX I and II OF THE CONVENTION* (i). Proponent: Government of Gabon Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon - ANPN (National Parks Agency of Gabon) Contact: Aurelie Flore KOUMBA PAMBO, Conseiller Scientifique (ii).
    [Show full text]