Particle Physics & Quantum Field Theory
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Supergravity and Its Legacy Prelude and the Play
Supergravity and its Legacy Prelude and the Play Sergio FERRARA (CERN – LNF INFN) Celebrating Supegravity at 40 CERN, June 24 2016 S. Ferrara - CERN, 2016 1 Supergravity as carved on the Iconic Wall at the «Simons Center for Geometry and Physics», Stony Brook S. Ferrara - CERN, 2016 2 Prelude S. Ferrara - CERN, 2016 3 In the early 1970s I was a staff member at the Frascati National Laboratories of CNEN (then the National Nuclear Energy Agency), and with my colleagues Aurelio Grillo and Giorgio Parisi we were investigating, under the leadership of Raoul Gatto (later Professor at the University of Geneva) the consequences of the application of “Conformal Invariance” to Quantum Field Theory (QFT), stimulated by the ongoing Experiments at SLAC where an unexpected Bjorken Scaling was observed in inclusive electron- proton Cross sections, which was suggesting a larger space-time symmetry in processes dominated by short distance physics. In parallel with Alexander Polyakov, at the time in the Soviet Union, we formulated in those days Conformal invariant Operator Product Expansions (OPE) and proposed the “Conformal Bootstrap” as a non-perturbative approach to QFT. S. Ferrara - CERN, 2016 4 Conformal Invariance, OPEs and Conformal Bootstrap has become again a fashionable subject in recent times, because of the introduction of efficient new methods to solve the “Bootstrap Equations” (Riccardo Rattazzi, Slava Rychkov, Erik Tonni, Alessandro Vichi), and mostly because of their role in the AdS/CFT correspondence. The latter, pioneered by Juan Maldacena, Edward Witten, Steve Gubser, Igor Klebanov and Polyakov, can be regarded, to some extent, as one of the great legacies of higher dimensional Supergravity. -
Faceting Space(Time): Regge's View of Geometry
Faceting space(time): Regge’s view of geometry Annalisa Marzuoli, Dipartimento di Matematica, Pavia University Curved surfaces as ‘simple’ models of curved spacetimes in Einstein’s General Relativity (Gauss geometries) The curvature of a generic smooth surface is perceived through its embedding into the 3D Euclidean space Looking at different regions three types of Gauss model geometries can be recognized The saddle surface (negative Gauss curvature) The surface of a sphere The Euclidean plane (positive Gauss is flat, i.e. its curvature) curvature is zero Principal curvatures are defined through ‘extrinsic properties’ of the surface, which is bent as seen in the ambient 3D space Glimpse definition In every point consider the tangent plane and the normal vector to the surface. (Any pair of) normal planes intersect the surface in curved lines. By resorting to the notion of osculating circle, the curvature of these embedded curves is evaluated (in the point). CASES: • > 0 and equal to 1/r • < 0 and equal to -1/r • = 0 r: radius of the osculating circle (Th.) There are only two distinct and mutually ortogonal principal directions in each point of an embedded surface, or: every direction is principal Principal Saddle surface: the principal curvatures curvatures have opposite sign (modulus) K1 = + 1/r1 K2 = - 1/r2 K1 = 1/r1 Sphere of radius r: K2 = 1/r2 K1 = K2 = 1/r > 0 (r1, r2 :radii of the All principal osculating circles) curvatures are equal in each Plane: limiting case point of the sphere r → ∞ (K1 = K2 = 0) Gauss curvature & the theorema -
Interview Call List for the Junior Research Fellow (JRF) Positions Department of Solid State Physics (SSP), IACS Kolkata
Interview call list for the Junior Research Fellow (JRF) positions Department of Solid State Physics (SSP), IACS Kolkata Research opportunities at the Department of Solid State Physics, IACS Kolkata: The faculty members of the Department of Solid State Physics are actively engaged in cutting edge research in various areas of Experimental and Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics. JRF positions are available in the group of following faculty members: Available positions: 1). Experimental Condensed Matter Physics: Prof. A.J. Pal, Prof. S. Giri, Dr. S. Datta, Dr. M. Mandal and Dr. D. Mukherjee 2). Theoretical and Computational Condensed Matter Physics: Prof. I. Dasgupta More details about the research activities of the above mentioned faculty members are available in their respective web-page. -------------------------------------------- Interview Schedule Wednesday, 03/January/2018 Time - 10:30 am to 2 pm Reporting at 10 am, Office of SSP, Room-215, Centenary Building, IACS Sr No Name Address Vill-Hatabari(Malancha Abasan), P.O-Contai A_1 Abhishek Maiti, Jadavpur University Dist-Purba Medinipur, West Bengal-721401 ARNAB BERA VILL-CHABBISHPUR, P.O-DHARASIMUL, A_2 Ramakrishna Mission DIST-HOOGHLY, PIN-712416 Vivekananda University WEST BENGAL ASHOK DAS VILL- NIRODGARH, P.O+ P.S- PANDUA, A_3 Burdwan University DIST- HOOGHLY, PIN NO-712149 BISWAJIT PABI Vill- Bonsujapur, P.O.- Galigram (M.P.), P.S.- A_4 Burdwan University Galsi, Dist- Purba Bardhaman Pin-713406 Chumki Nayak Vill+P.O- Jamgora, Dist- Paschim , Bardhaman, A_5 Kazi Nazrul University Pin- 713385,W.B. C/O-SUKDEB DINDA, Deb Kumar Dinda VILL+P.O.-SUBDI, P.S.-NANDIGRAM, A_6 West Bengal State University DIST-PURBA MEDINIPUR, PIN-721430 Debjani Banerjee vill.-Goswamipur, P.O.- Beliatore, P.S.- A_7 Kazi Nazrul University Beliatore, Dist.-Bankura, West Bengal-722203 Debraj Bose 118/1, Briji West Manikanchan Appt, Garia A_8 University of Hyderabad Kolkata -700084 Time - 3 pm to 6:30 pm Reporting at 2:30 pm, Office of SSP, Room-215, Centenary Building, IACS Sr. -
Regge Finite Elements with Applications in Solid Mechanics and Relativity
Regge Finite Elements with Applications in Solid Mechanics and Relativity A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Lizao Li IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy Advisor: Prof. Douglas N. Arnold May 2018 © Lizao Li 2018 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Prof. Douglas Arnold, who taught me how to be a mathematician: diligence in thought and clarity in communication (I am still struggling with both). I am also grateful for his continuous guidance, help, support, and encouragement throughout my graduate study and the writing of this thesis. i Abstract This thesis proposes a new family of finite elements, called generalized Regge finite el- ements, for discretizing symmetric matrix-valued functions and symmetric 2-tensor fields. We demonstrate its effectiveness for applications in computational geometry, mathemati- cal physics, and solid mechanics. Generalized Regge finite elements are inspired by Tullio Regge’s pioneering work on discretizing Einstein’s theory of general relativity. We analyze why current discretization schemes based on Regge’s original ideas fail and point out new directions which combine Regge’s geometric insight with the successful framework of finite element analysis. In particular, we derive well-posed linear model problems from general relativity and propose discretizations based on generalized Regge finite elements. While the first part of the thesis generalizes Regge’s initial proposal and enlarges its scope to many other applications outside relativity, the second part of this thesis represents the initial steps towards a stable structure-preserving discretization of the Einstein’s field equation. -
Francis E. Low
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES F R A N C I S E . L OW 1 9 2 1 – 2 0 0 7 A Biographical Memoir by DAVID KAISER AND MARC A . K A S T N E R Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 2010 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON, D.C. Courtesy of MIT Archives. FRANCIS E. LOW October 27, 1921–February 16, 2007 BY DAVID KAISER AND MARC A . K ASTNER RANCIS E. LOW, A MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Fsince 1967, died on February 16, 2007, in Haverford, Pennsylvania. His career exemplified the maturing of theo- retical physics in the United States during the years after World War II. Low also experienced some of the new roles for physicists, from organized political engagement and consulting on national security issues to high-level university administration. One of Low’s landmark articles helped to lay the groundwork for the renormalization-group approach in quantum field theory, a seminal technique in condensed- matter and particle physics. He also contributed influential approximation techniques for treating particle scattering. EARLY YEARS Low was an only child, who lived near Washington Square Park in Greenwich Village. His mother’s parents were physi- cians and socialists. In fact, his grandfather helped found the Socialist Party of America. His mother also became a doctor. She made house calls at night in Greenwich Village until she turned 80, treating patients such as anthropolo- gist Margaret Mead. -
Dual Fields and E {11}
KCL-MTH-06-14 hep-th/0612001 Dual fields and E11 Fabio Riccioni and Peter West Department of Mathematics King’s College, London WC2R 2LS, UK Abstract We show that the adjoint representation of E11 contains generators corresponding to the infinite possible dual descriptions of the bosonic on-shell degrees of freedom of eleven dimensional supergravity. We also give an interpretation for the fields corresponding to many of the other generators in the adjoint representation. arXiv:hep-th/0612001v1 1 Dec 2006 1 A few years ago it was conjectured [1] that a rank eleven Kac-Moody algebra, which was called E11, was a symmetry of M theory. The non-linear realisation of this algebra at its lowest levels was shown to contain the fields of eleven dimensional supergravity and to have the equations of motion of this theory [1] when one made use of the earlier results of reference [2]. The physical field content is extracted by decomposing the adjoint representation of E11 into the representations of its A10, or Sl(11), sub-algebra which is associated in the non-linear realisation with eleven dimensional gravity. Non-linear realisations of E11 can also be used to describe ten dimensional theories, but in this case the adjoint representation is decomposed into representations of A9, or Sl(10), associated with ten dimensional gravity. There are only two such A9 subalgebras and the two different choices were found to lead to non-linear realisations which at low levels are the IIA and IIB supergravity theories in references [1] and [3] respectively. It is striking to examine tables of the generators [4] listed in terms of increasing level and see how the generators associated with the field content of the IIA and IIB supergravity theories occupy precisely all the lower levels before an infinite sea of generators whose physical significance was unknown at the time the tables of reference [4] were constructed. -
Scaling Laws in Particle Physics and Astrophysics
SCALING LAWS IN PARTICLE PHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS RUDOLF MURADYAN Dedicated to the Golden Jubilee (1961-2011) of publication of the article by Geoffrey Chew and Steven Frautschi in Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 394, 1961, where a celebrated scaling law J m2 has been conjectured for spin/mass dependence of hadrons. G. Chew S. Frautschi 1. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS SCALING? Any polynomial power law f() x c xn , where constant c has a dimension dim f dimc (dimx )n exhibits the property of scaling or scale invariance. Usually n is called scaling exponent. The word scaling express the fact that function f is shape-invariant with respect to the dilatation transformation x x f ( x) c ( x)n n f() x and this transformation preserves the shape of function f . We say, following Leonhard Euler, that f is homogeneous of degree “n” if for any value of parameter f ( x) n f() x . Differentiating this relation with respect to and putting 1we obtain simple differential equation x f() x n f() x solution of which brings back to the polynomial power scaling law. There are tremendously many different scaling laws in Nature. The most important of them can be revealed by Google search of scaling site:nobelprize.org in the official site of Nobel Foundation, where nearly 100 results appears. Ten of them are shown below: 1. Jerome I. Friedman - Nobel Lecture 2. Daniel C. Tsui - Nobel Lecture 3. Gerardus 't Hooft - Nobel Lecture 4. Henry W. Kendall - Nobel Lecture 5. Pierre-Gilles de Gennes - Nobel Lecture 6. Jack Steinberger - Nobel Lecture 7. -
Courier Volume 45 Number 6 July/August 2005
INTERNATIONACERL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGNY PHYSIC S COURIER VOLUME 45 NUMBER 6 JULY/AUGUST 2005 LABORATORIES FREDHOYLE LAKE BAIKAL SLAC reorganizes The life of a pioneer in The next step towards forthe future p6 nuclear astrophysics pl5 higher energies p24 Linde Kryotechnik AG & Linde BOC Process Plants LLC 4.5K Helium Coldbox for the Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL Coldbox in final stage of fabrication at the Linde shop in Coldbox ready to load on special the Port of Catoosa, Oklahoma, USA low clearance trailer Coldbox in operation at the SNS Central Helium Liquefier Linde KyotechnikAG Phone:+41 (0)52 304 05 55 Linde BOC Process Plants LLC Phone:+1 918 250 8522 DaettlikonerstrasseS Fax: +41 (0)52 304 05 50 Cryogenic Plants and Services Fax: +1 918 250 6915 CH-8422 Pfungen Email: [email protected] 3522 East 61st Street [email protected] Switzerland www.linde-kryotechmk.ch Tulsa, OK 74133-1923/USA www.lindebocpp.com X-ftaqr Oefecfor Digital Puke Processor XR-tOOCR at 149 eV FWHM Resolution No Liquid Nitrogen PX4 Solid State Design Digital Pulse Processor Power Supply Easy to Use Shaping Amplifier Low Cost MCA Features APPLICATIONS • Trapezoidal shaping to reduce • Nuclear Physics ballistic deficit • Synchroton Radiation • Wide range of shaping time settings • High Energy Physics • High count rate capability • Neutron Experiments • High throughput • Astrophysics • MCA with 8 k channels • Research & Teaching • High energy resolution • Nuclear Medicine • Excellent pile-up rejection • X-Ray Fluorescence • Enhanced stability • USB interface XR100CR X~Ray Detector XR100CR fitted for vacuum • Software instrument control, data with P;X4 Digital Pulse applications Visit Us Now Processor, Power Supply, www.amptek.com acquisition and analysis Shaping Amplifier & MCA • Oscilloscope mode available AMPTEK Inc. -
A Short History of Physics (Pdf)
A Short History of Physics Bernd A. Berg Florida State University PHY 1090 FSU August 28, 2012. References: Most of the following is copied from Wikepedia. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 1 / 25 Introduction Philosophy and Religion aim at Fundamental Truths. It is my believe that the secured part of this is in Physics. This happend by Trial and Error over more than 2,500 years and became systematic Theory and Observation only in the last 500 years. This talk collects important events of this time period and attaches them to the names of some people. I can only give an inadequate presentation of the complex process of scientific progress. The hope is that the flavor get over. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 2 / 25 Physics From Acient Greek: \Nature". Broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves. The universe is commonly defined as the totality of everything that exists or is known to exist. In many ways, physics stems from acient greek philosophy and was known as \natural philosophy" until the late 18th century. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 3 / 25 Ancient Physics: Remarkable people and ideas. Pythagoras (ca. 570{490 BC): a2 + b2 = c2 for rectangular triangle: Leucippus (early 5th century BC) opposed the idea of direct devine intervention in the universe. He and his student Democritus were the first to develop a theory of atomism. Plato (424/424{348/347) is said that to have disliked Democritus so much, that he wished his books burned. -
Particle & Nuclear Physics Quantum Field Theory
Particle & Nuclear Physics Quantum Field Theory NOW AVAILABLE New Books & Highlights in 2019-2020 ON WORLDSCINET World Scientific Lecture Notes in Physics - Vol 83 Lectures of Sidney Coleman on Quantum Field Field Theory Theory A Path Integral Approach Foreword by David Kaiser 3rd Edition edited by Bryan Gin-ge Chen (Leiden University, Netherlands), David by Ashok Das (University of Rochester, USA & Institute of Physics, Derbes (University of Chicago, USA), David Griffiths (Reed College, Bhubaneswar, India) USA), Brian Hill (Saint Mary’s College of California, USA), Richard Sohn (Kronos, Inc., Lowell, USA) & Yuan-Sen Ting (Harvard University, “This book is well-written and very readable. The book is a self-consistent USA) introduction to the path integral formalism and no prior knowledge of it is required, although the reader should be familiar with quantum “Sidney Coleman was the master teacher of quantum field theory. All of mechanics. This book is an excellent guide for the reader who wants a us who knew him became his students and disciples. Sidney’s legendary good and detailed introduction to the path integral and most of its important course remains fresh and bracing, because he chose his topics with a sure application in physics. I especially recommend it for graduate students in feel for the essential, and treated them with elegant economy.” theoretical physics and for researchers who want to be introduced to the Frank Wilczek powerful path integral methods.” Nobel Laureate in Physics 2004 Mathematical Reviews 1196pp Dec 2018 -
Lectures on D-Branes
CPHT/CL-615-0698 hep-th/9806199 Lectures on D-branes Constantin P. Bachas1 Centre de Physique Th´eorique, Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau, FRANCE [email protected] ABSTRACT This is an introduction to the physics of D-branes. Topics cov- ered include Polchinski’s original calculation, a critical assessment of some duality checks, D-brane scattering, and effective worldvol- ume actions. Based on lectures given in 1997 at the Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, at the Trieste Spring School on String The- ory, and at the 31rst International Symposium Ahrenshoop in Buckow. arXiv:hep-th/9806199v2 17 Jan 1999 June 1998 1Address after Sept. 1: Laboratoire de Physique Th´eorique, Ecole Normale Sup´erieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, FRANCE, email : [email protected] Lectures on D-branes Constantin Bachas 1 Foreword Referring in his ‘Republic’ to stereography – the study of solid forms – Plato was saying : ... for even now, neglected and curtailed as it is, not only by the many but even by professed students, who can suggest no use for it, never- theless in the face of all these obstacles it makes progress on account of its elegance, and it would not be astonishing if it were unravelled. 2 Two and a half millenia later, much of this could have been said for string theory. The subject has progressed over the years by leaps and bounds, despite periods of neglect and (understandable) criticism for lack of direct experimental in- put. To be sure, the construction and key ingredients of the theory – gravity, gauge invariance, chirality – have a firm empirical basis, yet what has often catalyzed progress is the power and elegance of the underlying ideas, which look (at least a posteriori) inevitable. -
A Large Hadron Electron Collider at the LHC
A Large Hadron electron Collider at the LHC 40-140 GeV on 1-7 TeV e±p, also eA Progress since DIS07 and News from DIS08 (based on Summary by Max Klein at DIS 2008 at UCL, London, UK) On November 30th, 2007, ECFA unanimously endorsed the proposal to work out a Conceptual Design Report for the LHeC, supported by CERN. NuPECC has formed a study group to investigate the prospects for the LHeC in Europe and the EIC in the United States as part of the long range planning for European Nuclear Physics. Swapan Chattopadhyay Cockcroft Institute, UK on behalf of the LHeC Collaboration 23rd May 2008 Swapan Chattopadhyay Presentation to The 4th Electron Ion Collider Workshop, Hampton University The LHeC is a PeV equivalent fixed target ep scattering experiment, at 50 000 times higher energy than the pioneering SLAC MIT experiment. It may need a LINAC not much longer than the 2mile LINAC to the right. Its physics potential is extremely rich. Q2 Pief 23rd May 2008 Swapan Chattopadhyay Presentation to The 4th Electron Ion Collider Workshop, Hampton University Physics and RangeHigh mass 1-2 TeV -20 rq few times 10 m Large x High precision 3 physics subjects: partons in plateau of the LHC New Physics QCD+electroweak High parton densities Nuclear High Density Matter Structure & dynamics Former considerations: ECFA Study 84-10 J.Feltesse, R.Rueckl: Aachen Workshop (1990) The THERA Book (2001)& Part IV of TESLA TDR 23rd May 2008 Swapan Chattopadhyay Presentation to The 4th Electron Ion Collider Workshop, Hampton University LHeC 23rd May 2008 Swapan Chattopadhyay Presentation to The 4th Electron Ion Collider Workshop, Hampton University Ring-Ring LHeC Interaction Region Design foresees simultaneous operation of pp and ep J.Dainton et al, JINST 1 P10001 (2006) 23rd May 2008 Swapan Chattopadhyay Presentation to The 4th Electron Ion Collider Workshop, Hampton University Design Details Synchrotron radiation fan 9.1kW First p beam lens: septum quadrupole.