DOCSLIB.ORG

Ariane Backers Confident Manufacturing Plans Launched

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ariane Backers Confident Manufacturing Plans Launched ~NA~TU~RE~V~O~L-~~~n~ffi~B~R~U~AR~Y~I~~--------------------------NEVVS----------------------------------------------6~77 Satellite launchers (Thor-Delta and Atlas) "but we have yet to see any contracts". Ariane's other competitor is probably Ariane backers confident Japan - Van Gaver does not see the Soviet Evry, France pump (that knocked out the fifth). Accord­ Union or China entering the Western IN France, where they build Ariane, ing to the man in the hot seat, the Chef de telecommunications market. Japan's Europe's answer to the US space shuttle, Projet for Ariane-3 (and a future space programme is at present un­ one newspaper last week reckoned the Ariane-4), Andre Van Gaver, the problems competitive, but the Japanese space agency score in own goals to be: Shuttle 3, Ariane that hit Ariane-1 are now solved - or as is developing a large cryogenic engine (such 2. That is, the shuttle has lost one more solved as anything can be in the space as Europe would only see on Ariane-5, now communications satellite than Ariane, business. at the planning stage). "We must watch although it has regained one too. Certainly After Ariane-3 will come Ariane-4, the Japan carefully" Van Gaver says. this leaves the space insurance business first parts of the first flight model of which Robert Walgate equally nervous of both systems. are to be completed this year. Ariane-4, to • Intelsat, the international communica­ But at Evry, south of Paris, from where fly in March 1986, is designed around the tions satellite organization, has finally the French space agency CNES and next generation of communications decided to go back to an old design for In· the commercial launcher company satellites led by Intelsat VI: 4,200 kg and telsat V F8, due for launch on Ariane on 5 Arianespace run the Ariane programme, approaching 4 metres in diameter, com­ March. Problems with the L-band there is an increasing sense that Ariane may parable with the shuttle bay's 4.5 metres. maritime communications system (see prove to be a winner in the billion-dollar The future of Arianespace depends on the Nature 2 February, p.401) had pushed the market for communications satellites. company's success in gaining contracts for launch back two months. Inmarsat, the Without any sense of crowing over shut­ the Intelsat VI series, but knowing this, In­ organization which uses the L-band tle problems - for Ariane has had its own, telsat can afford to wait. Around half the system, has complained that Intelsat V F7 and may yet have more - it is pointed out Intelsat business would be ample to give is unworkable and has refused to accept it. at Evry that launch from the shuttle into Arianespace a living, says Van Gaver. Unable to solve the problem on F8, Intelsat geostationary orbit is more complicated The United States "made a mistake" in has gone back to the F6 design, which still and more expensive than launch by Ariane. dropping conventional launchers in order has problems but not so bad as those of F7. A communications customer on the shuttle to push business towards the shuttle, Van F9, which was to have been launched by must also buy a substantial rocket - the Gaver believes. Now the United States is Ariane this summer, has now been put "perigee motor" -to lift the satellite from trying to commercialize the old launchers back to 1985. D the low shuttle orbit to the elliptical geosta­ tionary transfer orbit (GTO}, which US space station reaches up to the parking height of geosta­ tionary satellites. It is these motors that failed in the recent shuttle flight. Ariane Manufacturing plans launched reaches GTO in one shot, using liquid fuel Washington interest in space, 3M scientists will receive stages which are theoretically more ac­ WITH a masterly sense of timing, the free access to NASA laboratories where curate and reliable. National Aeronautics and Space materials processing research is under way. However, even if there is some delay in the Administration (NASA) has announced 3M also gets two free flights on the shuttle, shuttle's geostationary launch programme, that a major company, the Minnesota­ the first as early as August. Arianespace is not in a position to gain any based 3M Corporation, is planning to 3M's research programme will focus on immediate benefit. Its order book is almost embark on a new programme of space processing organic materials in the low­ full for two years, with room (perhaps) for research with the aim of eventually gravity, high-vacuum environment avail­ only one more "good" customer in 1985. producing commercial products in orbit. able in space. Its vice president for tech­ The limiting factor is the Ariane produc­ The corporation's decision comes fast on nology services, Dr R. M. Adams, said the tion line, which can turn out no more than the heels of President Reagan's announce­ company's first experiment on board the six launchers a year. From 1985, the launch ment that the United States will build a shuttle would look at the growth of organic site at Hourou, French Guiana, will be able manned space station within a decade, and crystals and the development of thin to cope with 12 launches a year. So is being portrayed by NASA as vindication films with novel physical and chemical Arianespace, which is desperately under­ of its claims that a space station could properties. capitalized (it could be bankrupted by a become the nucleus of a sizeable space­ Directed by both President Reagan and single launch failure}, is seeking new based manufacturing industry. Congress to encourage commercial invest­ capital in Europe to construct a second At a formal ceremony announcing 3M's ment in space, NASA faces an uphill strug­ production line. plans, NASA administrator James Beggs gle in extending commercialization beyond In the long run, however, much depends did his utmost to link the company's its one great success story - the satellite on the Ariane development programme. So decision with the President's approval of communications industry which does more far, Ariane launches have used only the the space station. 3M, he pointed out, was than $2000 million of business a year. The first version of Ariane. A week ago, the last the first non-aerospace corporation to sign most visible commercial interest in space­ tests were completed on the second and a memorandum of understanding with based manufacturing has come from third versions (Ariane-2 and Ariane-3, NASA since the space station was Johnson & Johnson and McDonnell identical except that the latter has two extra approved. He said the deal would hasten Douglas, which are developing a prototype strap-on solid boosters in the first stage). the day when US industries were as instrument for the large-scale production The first new version launched will be an comfortable with factories in space as they of drugs by electrophoresis in space. Ariane-3, due to take the European Space were with those on Earth. To garner more investment, NASA Agency's ECS-1 and the French Telecom NASA's enthusiasm is understandable. plans to offer an expensive array of 1-A aloft this July. To maintain confidence To persuade Congress to fall in with its incentives including free or subsidized in Ariane, of course, the new rocket should plans for a space station, the age_ncy must flights on the shuttle and access to NASA not suffer the teething troubles of Ariane-1 show that private industry (and foreign expertise. That could queer NASA's pitch - which suffered high frequency vibra­ governments) are prepared to pick up a with academic scientists, many of whom tions in the first stage (causing failure ofthe share of the tab. Propaganda value apart, have been grumbling for years about the second launch test) and then lubrication the agreement with 3M looks decidedly length of the waiting list for space on the failure in the upper stage cryogenic fuel one-sided. In return for expressing an shuttle. Peter David 0028.0836/84/080677 .OJ so 1.00 C> 1984 Macmillan Journals Ltd .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ariane-5 Completes Flawless Third Test Flight
    r bulletin 96 — november 1998 Ariane-5 Completes Flawless Third Test Flight A launch-readiness review conducted on Friday engine shut down and Maqsat-3 was 16 and Monday 19 October had given the go- successfully injected into GTO. The orbital ahead for the final countdown for a launch just parameters at that point were: two days later within a 90-minute launch Perigee: 1027 km, compared with the window between 13:00 to 14:30 Kourou time. 1028 ± 3 km predicted The launcher’s roll-out from the Final Assembly Apogee: 35 863 km, compared with the Building to the Launch Zone was therefore 35 898 ± 200 km predicted scheduled for Tuesday 20 October at 09:30 Inclination: 6.999 deg, compared with the Kourou time. 6.998 ± 0.05 deg predicted. On 21 October, Europe reconfirmed its lead in providing space Speaking in Kourou immediately after the flight, transportation systems for the 21st Century. Ariane-5, on its third Fredrik Engström, ESA’s Director of Launchers qualification flight, left no doubts as to its ability to deliver payloads and the Ariane-503 Flight Director, confirmed reliably and accurately to Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO). The new that: “The third Ariane-5 flight has been a heavy-lift launcher lifted off in glorious sunshine from the Guiana complete success. It qualifies Europe’s new Space Centre, Europe’s spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, at heavy-lift launcher and vindicates the 13:37:21 local time (16:37:21 UT). technological options chosen by the European Space Agency.” This third Ariane-5 test flight was intended ESA’s Director
    [Show full text]
  • Call for M5 Missions
    ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use M5 Call - Technical Annex Prepared by SCI-F Reference ESA-SCI-F-ESTEC-TN-2016-002 Issue 1 Revision 0 Date of Issue 25/04/2016 Status Issued Document Type Distribution ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Table of contents: 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Scope of document ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.2 Reference documents .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 List of acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2 General Guidelines ................................................................................................................ 6 3 Analysis of some potential mission profiles ........................................................................... 7 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 Current European launchers ...........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Project Number: JMW-USC1
    Project Number: JMW-USC1 Department of Social Science and Policy Studies THE FUTURE OF UNMANNED SPACE: A SPECULATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COMMERCIAL MARKET An Interactive Qualifying Project Report: Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by ______________________________ Peter Brayshaw ______________________________ Brooks Farnham ______________________________ Jon Leslie December 16, 2004 _____________________________ ________________________________ Professor John M. Wilkes, Advisor Professor Peter Campisano, Co-Advisor Abstract: This report is one of many which deal with the unmanned space race. It is a prediction of who will have the greatest competitive advantage in the commercial market over the next 25 years, based on historical analogy. Background information on Russia, China, Japan, the United States and the European Space Agency, including the launch vehicles and launch services each provides, is covered. The new prospect of space platforms is also investigated. 2 Table of Contents Abstract: ...................................................................................................... 2 Table of Contents ......................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................. 5 Literature Review ...................................................................................... 5 Project
    [Show full text]
  • Atlas Launch System Mission Planner's Guide, Atlas V Addendum
    ATLAS Atlas Launch System Mission Planner’s Guide, Atlas V Addendum FOREWORD This Atlas V Addendum supplements the current version of the Atlas Launch System Mission Plan- ner’s Guide (AMPG) and presents the initial vehicle capabilities for the newly available Atlas V launch system. Atlas V’s multiple vehicle configurations and performance levels can provide the optimum match for a range of customer requirements at the lowest cost. The performance data are presented in sufficient detail for preliminary assessment of the Atlas V vehicle family for your missions. This guide, in combination with the AMPG, includes essential technical and programmatic data for preliminary mission planning and spacecraft design. Interface data are in sufficient detail to assess a first-order compatibility. This guide contains current information on Lockheed Martin’s plans for Atlas V launch services. It is subject to change as Atlas V development progresses, and will be revised peri- odically. Potential users of Atlas V launch service are encouraged to contact the offices listed below to obtain the latest technical and program status information for the Atlas V development. For technical and business development inquiries, contact: COMMERCIAL BUSINESS U.S. GOVERNMENT INQUIRIES BUSINESS INQUIRIES Telephone: (691) 645-6400 Telephone: (303) 977-5250 Fax: (619) 645-6500 Fax: (303) 971-2472 Postal Address: Postal Address: International Launch Services, Inc. Commercial Launch Services, Inc. P.O. Box 124670 P.O. Box 179 San Diego, CA 92112-4670 Denver, CO 80201 Street Address: Street Address: International Launch Services, Inc. Commercial Launch Services, Inc. 101 West Broadway P.O. Box 179 Suite 2000 MS DC1400 San Diego, CA 92101 12999 Deer Creek Canyon Road Littleton, CO 80127-5146 A current version of this document can be found, in electronic form, on the Internet at: http://www.ilslaunch.com ii ATLAS LAUNCH SYSTEM MISSION PLANNER’S GUIDE ATLAS V ADDENDUM (AVMPG) REVISIONS Revision Date Rev No.
    [Show full text]
  • Design by Contract: the Lessons of Ariane
    . Editor: Bertrand Meyer, EiffelSoft, 270 Storke Rd., Ste. 7, Goleta, CA 93117; voice (805) 685-6869; [email protected] several hours (at least in earlier versions of Ariane), it was better to let the computa- tion proceed than to stop it and then have Design by to restart it if liftoff was delayed. So the SRI computation continues for 50 seconds after the start of flight mode—well into the flight period. After takeoff, of course, this com- Contract: putation is useless. In the Ariane 5 flight, Object Technology however, it caused an exception, which was not caught and—boom. The exception was due to a floating- point error during a conversion from a 64- The Lessons bit floating-point value, representing the flight’s “horizontal bias,” to a 16-bit signed integer: In other words, the value that was converted was greater than what of Ariane can be represented as a 16-bit signed inte- ger. There was no explicit exception han- dler to catch the exception, so it followed the usual fate of uncaught exceptions and crashed the entire software, hence the onboard computers, hence the mission. This is the kind of trivial error that we Jean-Marc Jézéquel, IRISA/CNRS are all familiar with (raise your hand if you Bertrand Meyer, EiffelSoft have never done anything of this sort), although fortunately the consequences are usually less expensive. How in the world everal contributions to this made up of respected experts from major department have emphasized the European countries, which produced a How in the world could importance of design by contract report in hardly more than a month.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of a 100Kwe Space Reactor for Exploration Missions
    Preliminary study of a 100 kWe space reactor concept for exploration missions Elisa CLIQUET, Jean-Marc RUAULT 1), Jean-Pierre ROUX, Laurent LAMOINE, Thomas RAMEE 2), Christine POINOT-SALANON, Alexey LOKHOV, Serge PASCAL 3) 1) CNES Launchers Directorate,Evry, France 2) AREVA TA, Aix en Provence, France 3) CEA DEN/DM2S, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France NETS 2011 Overview ■ General context of the study ■ Requirements ■ Methodology of the study ■ Technologies selected for final trade-off ■ Reactor trade-off ■ Conversion trade-off ■ Critical technologies and development philosophy ■ Conclusion and perspectives CNES Directorate of Launchers Space transportation division of the French space agency ■ Responsible for the development of DIAMANT, ARIANE 1 to 4, ARIANE 5, launchers ■ System Architect for the Soyuz at CSG program ■ Development of VEGA launcher first stage (P80) ■ Future launchers preparation activities Multilateral and ESA budgets • To adapt the current launchers to the needs for 2015-2020 • To prepare launcher evolutions for 2025 - 2030, if needed • To prepare the new generation of expandable launchers (2025-2030) • To prepare the long future after 2030 with possible advanced launch vehicles ■ Future space transportation prospective activities, such as Exploration needs (including in particular OTV missions) Advanced propulsion technologies investigation General context ■ Background Last French studies on space reactors : • ERATO (NEP) in the 80’s, • MAPS (NTP) in the 90’s • OPUS (NEP) 2002-2004 ■ Since then Nuclear safe orbit
    [Show full text]
  • Building and Maintaining the International Space Station (ISS)
    / Building and maintaining the International Space Station (ISS) is a very complex task. An international fleet of space vehicles launches ISS components; rotates crews; provides logistical support; and replenishes propellant, items for science experi- ments, and other necessary supplies and equipment. The Space Shuttle must be used to deliver most ISS modules and major components. All of these important deliveries sustain a constant supply line that is crucial to the development and maintenance of the International Space Station. The fleet is also responsible for returning experiment results to Earth and for removing trash and waste from the ISS. Currently, transport vehicles are launched from two sites on transportation logistics Earth. In the future, the number of launch sites will increase to four or more. Future plans also include new commercial trans- ports that will take over the role of U.S. ISS logistical support. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION GUIDE TRANSPORTATION/LOGISTICS 39 LAUNCH VEHICLES Soyuz Proton H-II Ariane Shuttle Roscosmos JAXA ESA NASA Russia Japan Europe United States Russia Japan EuRopE u.s. soyuz sL-4 proton sL-12 H-ii ariane 5 space shuttle First launch 1957 1965 1996 1996 1981 1963 (Soyuz variant) Launch site(s) Baikonur Baikonur Tanegashima Guiana Kennedy Space Center Cosmodrome Cosmodrome Space Center Space Center Launch performance 7,150 kg 20,000 kg 16,500 kg 18,000 kg 18,600 kg payload capacity (15,750 lb) (44,000 lb) (36,400 lb) (39,700 lb) (41,000 lb) 105,000 kg (230,000 lb), orbiter only Return performance
    [Show full text]
  • The European Launchers Between Commerce and Geopolitics
    The European Launchers between Commerce and Geopolitics Report 56 March 2016 Marco Aliberti Matteo Tugnoli Short title: ESPI Report 56 ISSN: 2218-0931 (print), 2076-6688 (online) Published in March 2016 Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute, ESPI Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria http://www.espi.or.at Tel. +43 1 7181118-0; Fax -99 Rights reserved – No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose with- out permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “Source: ESPI Report 56; March 2016. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, inciden- tal or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: Panthera.cc ESPI Report 56 2 March 2016 The European Launchers between Commerce and Geopolitics Table of Contents Executive Summary 5 1. Introduction 10 1.1 Access to Space at the Nexus of Commerce and Geopolitics 10 1.2 Objectives of the Report 12 1.3 Methodology and Structure 12 2. Access to Space in Europe 14 2.1 European Launchers: from Political Autonomy to Market Dominance 14 2.1.1 The Quest for European Independent Access to Space 14 2.1.3 European Launchers: the Current Family 16 2.1.3 The Working System: Launcher Strategy, Development and Exploitation 19 2.2 Preparing for the Future: the 2014 ESA Ministerial Council 22 2.2.1 The Path to the Ministerial 22 2.2.2 A Look at Europe’s Future Launchers and Infrastructure 26 2.2.3 A Revolution in Governance 30 3.
    [Show full text]
  • ARIANE 5 Data Relating to Flight 225
    KOUROU August 2015 ARIANE 5 Data relating to Flight 225 EUTELSAT 8 West B Intelsat 34 Data relating to Flight 225 Flight 225 Ariane 5 Satellites: EUTELSAT 8 WEST B – INTELSAT 34 Content 1. Introduction .................................................................... 3 2. Launcher L579 ............................................................... 4 3. Mission V225 ............................................................... 10 4. Payloads ...................................................................... 19 5. Launch campaign ........................................................ 32 6. Launch window ............................................................ 35 7. Final countdown .......................................................... 36 8. Flight sequence ........................................................... 40 9. Airbus Defence and Space and the ARIANE programmes ........................................................................ 42 2 Data relating to Flight 225 1. Introduction Flight 225 is the 81st Ariane 5 launch and the fourth in 2015. It follows on from a series of 66 consecutive successful Ariane 5 launches. This is the 51st ARIANE 5 ECA (Cryogenic Evolution type A), the most powerful version in the ARIANE 5 range. Flight 225 is a commercial mission for Ariane 5. The L579 launcher is the twenty-fifth to be delivered by Airbus Defence and Space to Arianespace as part of the PB production batch. The PB production contract was signed in March 2009 to guarantee continuity of the launch service after completion
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Session II-A-Current Status of the Ariane 4 Program and of The
    1994 (31st) Space Exploration and Utilization The Space Congress® Proceedings for the Good of the World Apr 27th, 1:00 PM - 4:00 PM Paper Session II-A - Current Status of the Ariane 4 Program and of the Ariane 5 Development James R. Youdale Arianespace Inc. Washington, D.C. Douglas A. Heydon Arianespace Inc. Washington, D.C. Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Youdale, James R. and Heydon, Douglas A., "Paper Session II-A - Current Status of the Ariane 4 Program and of the Ariane 5 Development" (1994). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 16. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-1994-31st/april-27-1994/16 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Current Status of the Ariane 4 Program and of the Ariane 5 Development James R. Youdale1 and Douglas A. Heyden~ Arianespace Inc. Washington, D.C. Abstract This paper provides an overview of the commercial siruation of Arianespace, a general update regarding its technical and operational activities and its near and medium term prospects. A summary of the Ariane 4 "track record" is given and the latest improvement to its third staae the HIO III, is presented. Operational improvements that reduce the interval between two = ' consecutive laWlches are also addressed. The ratiollale for going to Ariane 5 is discussed and the current status of the Ariane 5 development program is reviewed.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Satellite Communication 3Rd Edition
    Introduction to Satellite Communication Third Edition For a listing of recent titles in the Artech House Space Application Series, turn to the back of this book. Introduction to Satellite Communication Third Edition Bruce R. Elbert Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN-13: 978-1-59693-210-4 Cover design by Yekaterina Ratner 2008 ARTECH HOUSE, INC. 685 Canton Street Norwood, MA 02062 All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. 10987654321 Contents Preface xi CHAPTER 1 Fundamentals of Satellite Systems 1 1.1 Basic Characteristics of Satellites 1 1.1.1 Advantages of Satellite Communication 7 1.1.2 Use of Microwave Frequencies 11 1.1.3 Digital Transmission, Compression, and Routing 12 1.1.4 Improved Space Platforms and Launching Systems 13 1.1.5 Integration with Terrestrial
    [Show full text]
  • MIT Japan Program Working Paper 01.10 the GLOBAL COMMERCIAL
    MIT Japan Program Working Paper 01.10 THE GLOBAL COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH INDUSTRY: JAPAN IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Saadia M. Pekkanen Assistant Professor Department of Political Science Middlebury College Middlebury, VT 05753 [email protected] I am grateful to Marco Caceres, Senior Analyst and Director of Space Studies, Teal Group Corporation; Mark Coleman, Chemical Propulsion Information Agency (CPIA), Johns Hopkins University; and Takashi Ishii, General Manager, Space Division, The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies (SJAC), Tokyo, for providing basic information concerning launch vehicles. I also thank Richard Samuels and Robert Pekkanen for their encouragement and comments. Finally, I thank Kartik Raj for his excellent research assistance. Financial suppport for the Japan portion of this project was provided graciously through a Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Harvard Academy of International and Area Studies. MIT Japan Program Working Paper Series 01.10 Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Room E38-7th Floor Cambridge, MA 02139 Phone: 617-252-1483 Fax: 617-258-7432 Date of Publication: July 16, 2001 © MIT Japan Program Introduction Japan has been seriously attempting to break into the commercial space launch vehicles industry since at least the mid 1970s. Yet very little is known about this story, and about the politics and perceptions that are continuing to drive Japanese efforts despite many outright failures in the indigenization of the industry. This story, therefore, is important not just because of the widespread economic and technological merits of the space launch vehicles sector which are considerable. It is also important because it speaks directly to the ongoing debates about the Japanese developmental state and, contrary to the new wisdom in light of Japan's recession, the continuation of its high technology policy as a whole.
    [Show full text]