DOCSLIB.ORG

Ethnic War Threatens EC Peace Plan THHE Yugoslav Army Yesterday Accused Slo- — — ;—— F F—'-1 Eludes Not Only a Two-Sided Dispute Betweebetwee N • N I T 1 1 • 1 I 1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ethnic War Threatens EC Peace Plan THHE Yugoslav Army Yesterday Accused Slo- — — ;—— F F—'-1 Eludes Not Only a Two-Sided Dispute Betweebetwee N • N I T 1 1 • 1 I 1 The siege in Osijek at its height yesterday morning with (above) the Croatian National Guard attacking Serbs, and (below) an attacker lies dead Photographs: David Rose Ethnic war threatens EC peace plan THHE Yugoslav army yesterday accused Slo- — — ;—— f f—'-1 eludes not only a two-sided dispute betweebetween • N I T 1 1 • 1 I 1 . 1 T-\ L H1MY1 \ IRT M^AAN IV, M M , D RTL « . venia of "deliberately breaking" the Brioni From Marcus Tanner in Belgrade the governments of the two republics and peace accord and warned "the Slovene peo- the army, but a third protagonist in the ple will pay the price". of war in their short struggle with the fed- venia and the army high command in Bel- form of the local armed Serb minority. In a statement on behalf of the army high eral forces. But army spokesmen have re- grade suggests that the peace agreement Gun battles and a deadly ambush threat- command, Colonel Milan Gvero said Slove- fused to say how many soldiers deserted. reached at Brioni is already falling apart, ened to wreck the fragile ceasefire in Cro- nia was "waging a dirty, dishonest war" and The number is believed to be large. well before the EC delegation has even be- atia yesterday. Snipers killed a policeman accused the Slovene authorities of "consis- Jelko Kacin, the Slovene information gun its task of observing the cease-fire. The and wounded three colleagues in an am- tantly lying". "In defiance of the agree- minister, said the army, not Slovenia, was delegation, which reportedly will comprise bush near the town of Zadar in western ment, they continue to lay minefields and breaking the Brioni agreement. Mr Kacin 30 to 50 military and civilian represen- Croatia. Sporadic shooting also broke out tank-traps in front of army barracks, and said the army launched an armed incursion tatives, is expected to arrive in Yugoslavia during the night in eastern Croatia where take up favourable positions for battle," he in Slovene territory yesterday, breaking an within the next few days. rival Serbs and Croats live side by side near said. "Slovenia is trying by force to prove a agreement for all troops to withdraw to bar- Croatia and Slovenia have voted to ac- the border with the republic of Serbia. sovereignty to which it has no right." racks. He said a column of five armoured cept the Brioni declaration, clearing the Zlatko Kramaric, mayor of the region's Colonel Gvero also raised the possibility troop carriers crossed the Croat-Slovene way for the observers to start work. A group main city, Osijek, said shooting was heard of court-martial procedures against hun- border yesterday morning, and threatened of EC officials arrived in Zagreb earlier this around the towns of Tenje, Mirkovci Vin- dreds of Yugoslav soldiers, who deserted to open fire on the Slovene border police. week, with a view to arranging the observ- kovci and Borovo Selo. the army during the fighting. "Deserters The column later withdrew on to the Cro- ers' itinerary. The Croatian government has Alija Izetbegovic, President of Bosnia- and traitors will get what they deserve." atian side of the border after "discussions" called on the observers to include Croatia in Herzegovina, yesterday appealed for the The Slovene Territorial Defence Force with the Slovene police, he said. their field of activity, although the conflict EC observers also to include his central Yu- took 2,984 Yugoslav army men as prisoners The escalating war of words between Slo- there is much more complicated, and in- goslav republic in its activities. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Yugoslav Peoples's Army: Between Civil War and Disintegration
    WARNING! The views expressed in FMSO publications and reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. The Yugoslav Peoples's Army: Between Civil War and Disintegration by Dr. Timothy L. Sanz Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, KS. This article appeared originally in Military Review December 1991 Pages 36-45 August, a crisis in the Balkans, and a revolutionary upheaval in part of Europe--these words raise the hair on the back of the neck. Just a bit less than eighty years ago, Europe inaugurated this century of total war, thanks to the inability of its monarchs, statesmen, and generals to deal with a Balkan Crisis, the latest manifestation of what diplomats then called the "accursed Eastern Question." In the wake of that failure of statecraft, million-man armies marched into battle from one end of the continent to the other. Looking back on the long interval of peace which Europe has enjoyed since the end of the Second World War, the present crisis confirms the reality of a profound shift in the European security system and raises the question of whether the emerging security system in Europe will be able to deal with new Balkan crises. For several decades, while the military might of two ideologically-hostile blocs stood poised for action in Central Europe, a hypothetical internal crisis in Yugoslavia was often seen as an element in a scenario for bringing about a NATO-WTO military confrontation.
    [Show full text]
  • Opmaak Both/Definitief 02-08-2000 15:13 Pagina 1
    * From Indifference to 19-12-2003 17:26 Pagina 1 NORBERT BOTH NORBERT NORBERT BOTH Fr om Indifference to Entrapment to om Indifference The Yugoslav crisis represents a formidable foreign policy challenge to many Western and Islamic government bureaucracies. From Indifference to Entrapment deals with the question of how the Netherlands faced up to this challenge during the years 1990-1995. It was during this period that the crisis erupted into armed conflict and the single worst war crime in Europe since the end of World War II took place in the ‘safe area’ of Srebrenica. The role of the Netherlands is particularly interesting, as the country held the EC/EU Presidency during the recognition debate in 1991 and supplied the peacekeeping presence in Srebrenica. The questions addressed in this book include: Did early warning work? What role did the Dutch Presidency (July-December 1991) play in the recognition debate? What motiv- ated the Dutch opposition to the Vance-Owen Peace Plan? Why did the Netherlands become From Indifference entrapped, as symbolised through its isolated peacekeeping commitment to Srebrenica? Finally, what can this story tell us about the ability of small and medium powers to in- fluence international affairs? This study is based on interviews with key players, including former Cabinet Minis- ters, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry to Entrapment of Foreign Affairs, made available under the Dutch ‘freedom of information act’. ISBN 90-5356-453-5 Dr. Norbert Both, formerly a research assistant The Netherlands for David Owen, now works at the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia Christopher David Jones, MA, BA (Hons.)
    France and the Dissolution of Yugoslavia Christopher David Jones, MA, BA (Hons.) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of History August 2015 © “This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution.” Abstract This thesis examines French relations with Yugoslavia in the twentieth century and its response to the federal republic’s dissolution in the 1990s. In doing so it contributes to studies of post-Cold War international politics and international diplomacy during the Yugoslav Wars. It utilises a wide-range of source materials, including: archival documents, interviews, memoirs, newspaper articles and speeches. Many contemporary commentators on French policy towards Yugoslavia believed that the Mitterrand administration’s approach was anachronistic, based upon a fear of a resurgent and newly reunified Germany and an historical friendship with Serbia; this narrative has hitherto remained largely unchallenged. Whilst history did weigh heavily on Mitterrand’s perceptions of the conflicts in Yugoslavia, this thesis argues that France’s Yugoslav policy was more the logical outcome of longer-term trends in French and Mitterrandienne foreign policy. Furthermore, it reflected a determined effort by France to ensure that its long-established preferences for post-Cold War security were at the forefront of European and international politics; its strong position in all significant international multilateral institutions provided an important platform to do so.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W
    Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W. Ingrao, senior editor Gary B. Cohen, editor Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies A Scholars’ Initiative Edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert United States Institute of Peace Press Washington, D.C. D Purdue University Press West Lafayette, Indiana Copyright 2009 by Purdue University. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Second revision, May 2010. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars’ Initiative / edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-55753-533-7 1. Yugoslavia--History--1992-2003. 2. Former Yugoslav republics--History. 3. Yugoslavia--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 4. Former Yugoslav republics--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 5. Ethnic conflict-- Yugoslavia--History--20th century. 6. Ethnic conflict--Former Yugoslav republics--History--20th century. 7. Yugoslav War, 1991-1995. 8. Kosovo War, 1998-1999. 9. Kosovo (Republic)--History--1980-2008. I. Ingrao, Charles W. II. Emmert, Thomas Allan, 1945- DR1316.C66 2009 949.703--dc22 2008050130 Contents Introduction Charles Ingrao 1 1. The Dissolution of Yugoslavia Andrew Wachtel and Christopher Bennett 12 2. Kosovo under Autonomy, 1974–1990 Momčilo Pavlović 48 3. Independence and the Fate of Minorities, 1991–1992 Gale Stokes 82 4. Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995 Marie-Janine Calic 114 5. The International Community and the FRY/Belligerents, 1989–1997 Matjaž Klemenčič 152 6. Safe Areas Charles Ingrao 200 7. The War in Croatia, 1991–1995 Mile Bjelajac and Ozren Žunec 230 8. Kosovo under the Milošević Regime Dusan Janjić, with Anna Lalaj and Besnik Pula 272 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Fierce Battles Rage in Croatia
    Fierce battles rage in Croatia From Marcus Tanner in Belgrade SERB militants clashed with Cro- tatives of the eight constituent atian police yesterday in several parts of the country, seem like a gun battles in villages near the dead letter. It had ordered the dis- central Croatian town of Petrinja. banding of all irregular armed "It's a real battle going on," said units, except the federal army and a Croatian policeman from the the regular police force, by mid- village of Donji Cuntic, near Pet- night on 18 July. rinja. The policeman said fighting The order was immediately began after local Serb gunmen countermanded, however, by the surrounded the village police sta- President of Yugoslavia, Stipe tion early in the morning. Reports Mesic, a Croat. Shortly after sign- of the number of dead or ing the ultimatum, he said that wounded in yesterday's clashes Croatia would not obey the order could not be confirmed. Late last if it meant disbanding the repub- night it was reported that Cro- lic's paramilitary National Guard. atian militiamen retook four vil- The daily outbreaks of fresh lages from Serbian guerrillas. The violence and the deep hatred and Croatian interior minister last suspicion which mark relations week reported that 29 Croatian between the various Yugoslav Croatian villagers take part in a funeral procession for one of the many young men killed in the civil turmoil that has engulfed the breakaway republic Photograph: David Rose police had been killed since Au- republics, will create an almost gust last year in clashes between
    [Show full text]
  • The International Community and the FRY/Belligerents, 1989-1997
    5 Dušan Janjić, team leader Matjaž Klemenčič, team leader Vlado Azinović John Fine Emil Kerenji Albert Bing Zlatko Hadžidedić Vladimir Klemenčič Sumantra Bose Marko Attila Hoare Miloš Ković Daniele Conversi Charles Ingrao Vladimir Petrović Dušan Djordjevich Constantin Iordachi Nikola Samardžić Keith Doubt A. Ross Johnson Brendan Simms Principal author Matjaž Klemenčič acknowledges the extensive input by team members, including several pages of text contributed by Marko Attila Hoare, Charles Ingrao and Albert Bing. Funding from the National Endow- ment for Democracy and the Slovenian Research Council facilitated Prof. Klemenčič’s research, including numerous interviews with Slovenian gov- ernment officials and former U.S. Secretary of State James Baker. Profs. Klemenčič and Dušan Janjić assumed team leadership from John A. Fine (2001-2003) in order to streamline the team’s internet commu- nication. An initial draft was submitted for project-wide review in Novem- ber 2003, which mandated considerable expansion in the chapter’s length and research base. Although the text was adopted following project-wide review in April 2005, further revisions were undertaken in 2008 to address concerns raised by two of the four outside referees in 2010, to accommodate constructive criticism raised in book reviews, and again in 2012 to incorpo- rate new evidence of U.S. and NATO complicity in avoiding the arrest of ICTY indictees. The chapter cites several confidential interviews conducted by SI scholars with several current and former officials from the U.S. State De- partment and IFOR military; in each case their identities have been recorded and stored in the Purdue University archives for later release, upon request, consistent with terms negotiated with each individual.
    [Show full text]
  • MSF and the War in the Former Yugoslavia 1991-2003 in the Former MSF and the War Personalities in Political and Military Positions at the Time of the Events
    MSF AND THE WAR IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA 1991 - 2003 This case study is also available on speakingout.msf.org/en/msf-and-the-war-in-the-former-yugoslavia P MSF SPEAKS OUT MSF Speaking Out Case Studies In the same collection, “MSF Speaking Out”: - “Salvadoran refugee camps in Honduras 1988” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [October 2003 - April 2004 - December 2013] - “Genocide of Rwandan Tutsis 1994” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [October 2003 - April 2004 - April 2014] - “Rwandan refugee camps Zaire and Tanzania 1994-1995” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [October 2003 - April 2004 - April 2014] - “The violence of the new Rwandan regime 1994-1995” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [October 2003 - April 2004 - April 2014] - “Hunting and killings of Rwandan Refugee in Zaire-Congo 1996-1997” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [August 2004 - April 2014] - ‘’Famine and forced relocations in Ethiopia 1984-1986” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [January 2005 - November 2013] - “Violence against Kosovar Albanians, NATO’s Intervention 1998-1999” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [September 2006] - “War crimes and politics of terror in Chechnya 1994-2004’” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [June 2010-September 2014] - “Somalia 1991-1993: Civil war, famine alert and UN ‘military-humanitarian’ intervention” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [October 2013] - “MSF and North Korea 1995-1998” Laurence Binet - Médecins Sans Frontières [November 2014] - “MSF and Srebrenica 1993-2003”
    [Show full text]
  • Kosovo War in Context of Yugoslavia BACKGROUND REPORT BACKGROUND Matěj Rösner [email protected]
    Kosovo War in context of Yugoslavia BACKGROUND REPORT BACKGROUND Matěj Rösner [email protected] #SUMMIT26 PRAŽSKÝ STUDENTSKÝ SUMMIT KOSOVO WAR IN CONTEXT OF YUGOSLAVIA 1 PREFACE Since you are reading this background report you are most probably facing some oncoming negotiations. When writing it I aimed to provide you with impor- tant information needed to fully understand the pro- cess of disintegration of Yugoslavia and the views of the parties involved. You are well-advised to under- take additional research and describe in detail the atti- tude of the country you are going to represent towards the issue to ensure that you are well prepared to play a significant role in mentioned negotiations. Make sure to pay sufficient attention to recommended additional resources and the questions for negotiation listed at the end of this paper. 2 KOSOVO WAR IN CONTEXT OF YUGOSLAVIA 2 INTRODUCTION The Balkan region has always been a place where different following the Second World War this perception was more religions, languages and most importantly ethnicities meet. It and more shifting to the idea of Yugoslavia as a voluntary fe- is for that reason that Balkan is often being referred to as a deration of Slavic nations. However, this idea together with barrel of gunpowder.1 The tension lingered on even after the its virtues and vices was not unanimously followed and it was Congress of Berlin in 1878 where the European powers, with only the question of time when enough tension builds up to efforts to stabilise the region, redraw the map of Balkan Pe- create an avalanche of events causing another Balkan crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • War in the Balkans, 1991-2002
    WAR IN THE BALKANS, 1991-2002 R. Craig Nation August 2003 ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave., Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. Copies of this report may be obtained from the Publications Office by calling (717) 245-4133, FAX (717) 245-3820, or be e-mail at [email protected] ***** Most 1993, 1994, and all later Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) monographs are available on the SSI Homepage for electronic dissemination. SSI’s Homepage address is: http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ssi/ ***** The Strategic Studies Institute publishes a monthly e-mail newsletter to update the national security community on the research of our analysts, recent and forthcoming publications, and upcoming conferences sponsored by the Institute. Each newsletter also provides a strategic commentary by one of our research analysts. If you are interested in receiving this newsletter, please let us know by e-mail at [email protected] or by calling (717) 245-3133. ISBN 1-58487-134-2 ii CONTENTS Foreword . v Preface . vii Map of the Balkan Region. viii 1. The Balkan Region in World Politics . 1 2. The Balkans in the Short 20th Century . 43 3. The State of War: Slovenia and Croatia, 1991-92.
    [Show full text]
  • From Ottawa to Sarajevo
    FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO CANADIAN PEACEKEEPERS IN THE BALKANS Dawn M. Hewitt Centre for International Relations, Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada 1998 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Hewitt, Dawn M. From Ottawa to Sarajevo : Canadian peacekeepers in the Balkans (Martello papers ; 18) ISBN 0-88911-788-8 1. United Nations – Armed Forces. 2. United Nations – Canada. 3. Canada – Armed Forces – Bosnia and Hercegovina. 4. Canada – Armed Forces – Croatia. 5. Canada – Armed Forces – Yugoslavia. I. Queen’s University (Kingston, Ont.). Centre for International Relations. II. Title. III. Series. JX1981.P7H49 1997 355.3’57’0971 C97-932224-3 © Copyright 1998 Dedication To my parents, Msgt (ret) Norman E. Hewitt and Mrs Ruth Kane Hewitt The way of arms and arts as the way of the warrior is a constant precept that needs no detailing. Keep arts at your left side, arms by your right, the two must complement each other, without one the other can not be. Hojo Code The Martello Papers This is the eighteenth in a series of security studies published over the past several years by the Queen’s University Centre for International Relations (QCIR), under the general title of the Martello Papers. “From Ottawa to Sarajevo” is a detailed, empirical examination of Canadian participation in UN peacekeeping efforts in the former Yugoslavia between 1992 and 1995, written by a US Air Force officer, Major Dawn Hewitt, who served as Visiting Defence Fellow at the Centre during the 1996-97 academic year. Peacekeeping, by all accounts, has become increasingly complex since the end- ing of the Cold War, and as Major Hewitt’s monograph reveals, nowhere have those complexities and frustrations been more apparent than in the former Yugo- slavia.
    [Show full text]
  • Export Agreement Coding (PDF)
    Peace Agreement Access Tool PA-X www.peaceagreements.org Country/entity Croatia Slovenia Yugoslavia (former) Region Europe and Eurasia Agreement name Joint Declaration of the EC Troika and the Parties directly concerned with the Yugoslav Crisis (Brioni Agreement) Date 07/07/1991 Agreement status Multiparty signed/agreed Interim arrangement No Agreement/conflict level Interstate/intrastate conflict(s) ( Balkan Conflicts (1991 - 1995) (1998 - 2001) ) Stage Pre-negotiation/process (Mixed) Conflict nature Government/territory Peace process 127: Croatia negotiation process Parties The European Community Ministerial Troika; representatives of all parties directly concerned by the Yugoslav crisis Third parties Description This agreement calls for urgent negotiations to address the Yugoslav crisis, protection of minority populations, provides modalities for border control and implementation of a cease-fire, prisoner release, and guidelines for a prospective CSCE observer mission. Agreement document YU HR SI_910707_Joint Declaration (Brioni agreement).pdf [] Groups Children/youth No specific mention. Disabled persons No specific mention. Elderly/age No specific mention. Migrant workers No specific mention. Racial/ethnic/national Rhetorical group Page 1, Parties agreed that in order to ensure a peaceful settlement, the following principles will have to be fully followed:...They all agreed that the protection of minority populations is critical to a succesful outcome of the negotiations. They also reconfirmed that they will fully respect in this matter their committments under International Law. Religious groups No specific mention. Indigenous people No specific mention. Other groups No specific mention. Page 1 of 8 Refugees/displaced No specific mention. persons Social class No specific mention. Gender Women, girls and gender No specific mention.
    [Show full text]
  • Versary of the Dayton Peace Agreement, This Article Assesses Western Contribu- Tions to the Peace Process in Bosnia
    1 onthe second anni- versary of the Dayton peace agreement, this article assesses western contribu- tions to the peace process in Bosnia. The main argument advanced here is that the western powers’-particularly the United States, Britain, and France- were negligent in not preventing and then not quickly ending the wars in former Yugoslavia because they refused to use force to support important principles of international law.2 In their efforts to negotiate an end to the war, and in the subsequent implementation of the settlement brokered by the United States in Dayton, Ohio, in November 1995, the western powers have tended to appease the aggressors at the expense of the war‘s victims. Unless this tendency is reversed and the international guarantors of the Dayton accords seek a just peace, the current fragile peace could be shattered-and with it the prospects for a stable pan-European security system based on a more open NATO with a new mission to stabilize Europe beyond its traditional borders. The western governments’ condoning of the bombing of the Croatian cities of Dubrovnik and Vukovar in the second half of 1991 gave President Slobodan Milogevie a green light to pursue his ambition of creating an ethnically pure Greater Serbia; and by denying Bosnian President Alija IzetbegoviFs many requests for preventive troop deployments in late 1991, the west missed an opportunity to prevent the war from spreading to Bosnia. Then in 1992, by defining a deliberate policy of genocide as ”ethnic cleansing,” and a war of Jane M.O. Sharp directs the Defence and Security Programme at the Institute for Public Policy Research and is a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Defence Studies at King’s College in London.
    [Show full text]