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Ancient Greece Ancient Greece • STANDARD WHI.5a • The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western civilization by • a) assessing the influence of geography on Greek economic, social, and political development, including the impact of Greek commerce and colonies. Ancient Greece Geography of Greece SOL 5a Geography of Greece • Located in southern Europe • Located on a peninsula – Surrounded by water on three sides • Aegean Sea • Ionian Sea • Mediterranean Sea Adriatic Sea Aegean Sea Athens Black Sea Crete Ionian Sea Ithaca Knossos Mt Olympus Mycenae Rhodes Sparta Med. Sea Troy Strait of Dardanelles Bosporus Strait Asia Minor Italy Attica Peninsula Peloponnesus Peninsula Balkan Peninsula Adriatic Sea Aegean Sea EUROPE Athens Black Sea Black Sea Crete Balkan Peninsula Ionian Sea Bosporus Strait Ithaca Knossos Adriatic Sea Mt Olympus Strait of Dardanelles Mt Olympus Mycenae Rhodes Sparta Med. Sea Troy Troy Aegean Sea Strait of Ionian Sea Attica Peninsula Dardanelles Bosporus Ithaca Athens Strait Asia Minor Asia Minor Mycenae Italy Attica Peloponnesian Peninsula Sparta Peninsula Peloponnesus Peninsula Mediterranean Sea Crete Knossos Balkan Rhodes Peninsula • Mountainous terrain • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Limited arable land – (arable = suitable for farming) • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Limited arable land – (arable = suitable for farming) • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Limited arable land – (arable = suitable for farming) • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Limited arable land – (arable = suitable for farming) • Mountainous terrain • Lacked natural resources • Limited arable land – (arable = suitable for farming) 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. City-State A city and its surrounding territory, completely independent of any other government 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. • As a result, city-states developed independent of each other. 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. • As a result, city-states developed independent of each other. • Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial life 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. • As a result, city-states developed independent of each other. • Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial life 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. • As a result, city-states developed independent of each other. • Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial life 2. What effect did mountains have on Greece? • Mountains protected and isolated city-states. • As a result, city-states developed independent of each other. • Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial life 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. • Commerce (trade) helped spread Hellenistic culture (Greek culture) 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. • Commerce (trade) helped spread Hellenistic cultureHellenistic (Greek culture) Relating to the civilization and culture of the Greek world 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. • Commerce (trade) helped spread Hellenistic culture 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. • Commerce (trade) helped spread Hellenistic culture • Shift from barter to money economy (coins) 3. What effect did a lack of natural resources have on Greece? • It led to sea travel and trade with other civilizations. • Commerce (trade) helped spread Hellenistic culture • Shift from barter to money economy (coins) 4. What effect did limited arable land have on Greece? • Eventually, the Greeks began to colonize other lands for two reasons: 4. What effect did limited arable land have on Greece? • Eventually, the Greeks began to colonize other lands for two reasons: - Overpopulation 4. What effect did limited arable land have on Greece? • Eventually, the Greeks began to colonize other lands for two reasons: - Overpopulation - Search for more arable land (Arable = farmable) Essential Questions How did the mountains, seas, islands, harbors, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek economic, social, and political development and patterns of trade and colonization? • STANDARD WHI.5b • The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western civilization by • b) describing Greek mythology and religion. Essential Understandings • Greek mythology was based on a polytheistic religion that was integral to culture, politics, and art in ancient Greece. • Many of Western civilization’s symbols, metaphors, words, and idealized images come from ancient Greek mythology. Greek mythology Greek mythology • Based on polytheistic religion Greek mythology • Based on polytheistic religion • Offered explanations for natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events Greek mythology • Based on polytheistic religion • Offered explanations for natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events • The gods lived on Mount Olympus Greek gods and goddesses • Zeus Greek gods and goddesses • Zeus – Father of Gods and men – God of sky and thunder Greek gods and goddesses • Hera Greek gods and goddesses • Hera – Queen of the gods – Wife and sister of Zeus – Goddess of marriage, women, and birth Greek gods and goddesses • Apollo Greek gods and goddesses • Apollo – Son of Zeus – God of the Sun – Truth and prophecy, healing, plague, music, poetry, and more Greek gods and goddesses • Apollo Greek gods and goddesses • Apollo Greek gods and goddesses • Artemis Greek gods and goddesses • Artemis – Daughter of Zeus – Twin sister of Apollo – Goddess of the hunt, wild animals, wilderness, childbirth, virginity and protector of young girls, bringing and relieving disease in women Greek gods and goddesses • Athena Greek gods and goddesses • Athena – Goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration, civilization, law and justice, just warfare, mathematics, strength, strategy, the arts, crafts, and skill – Athens was named after her Greek gods and goddesses • Aphrodite Greek gods and goddesses • Aphrodite – Greek goddess of love, beauty, pleasure, and procreation Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced art – Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey • Iliad – an epic poem about the Trojan War • Odyssey – an epic poem about Odysseus’ return home Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’sEpic Iliad and Odyssey • Iliad – an epic poem about the Trojan War Long• Odyssey narrative – an epic poem poems about Odysseus’celebrating return homethe deeds of legendary or traditional heroes Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey “Trojan Horse” “Achilles’ Heel” “Odyssey” Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey – Aesop’s Fables Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture “Honesty is the best policy,” – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey – Aesop’s Fables “Looks can be deceiving.” “Don’t count your chickens before “Birds of a they hatch” feather flock together,” Modern Influence • Symbols and images in Western literature, art, and architecture – Mythology influenced Literature – Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey – Aesop’s Fables Essential Questions How did mythology help the early Greek What impact did civilization explain Greek mythology the natural world have on later and the human civilizations and condition? the contemporary world? • STANDARD WHI.5c • The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western civilization by • c) identifying the social structure and role of slavery, explaining the significance of citizenship and the development of democracy, and comparing the city-states of Athens and Sparta. Essential Understandings
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