Index to Scientific Names of Amphibians and Reptiles For
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New State Records for Amphibians and Reptiles from Colima, Mexico
STORERIA OCCIPITOMACULATA OCCIPITOMACULATA Herpetological Review, 2009, 40(1), 117–120. (Northern Red-bellied Snake). USA: IOWA: CHICKASAW CO.: © 2009 by Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Newell Road 0.2 km N of State Hwy 24 (43.0616°N, 92.2797°W; WGS84). 04 October 2007. Terry J. VanDeWalle. Verifi ed by James New State Records for Amphibians and Reptiles L. Christiansen. DOR specimen deposited in the Drake University from Colima, Mexico Research Collection (DRUC 7298). New county record. Although species is known from a number of adjacent counties, this specimen fi lls a gap in the distributional data in this portion of the state (J. JACOBO REYES-VELASCO* Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias L. Christiansen, pers. comm.; http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Her- Carretera a Nogales Km. 15.5. Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico petology/). The closest record for this species found in the DRUC e-mail: [email protected] is from Bremer County 32.3 km to the south. Submitted by TERRY J. VANDEWALLE (e-mail: ISRAEL ALEXANDER HERMOSILLO-LOPEZ Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias [email protected]), and STACEY J. CARLSON, Natu- Carretera a Nogales Km. 15.5. Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico ral Resources Consulting, Inc., 2300 Swan Lake Blvd., Suite 200, e-mail: [email protected] Independence, Iowa 50644, USA. CHRISTOPH I. GRÜNWALD 450 Jolina Way. Encinitas California 92024, USA TANTILLA HOBARTSMITHI (Smith’s Black-headed Snake). e-mail: [email protected] USA: TEXAS: IRION CO.: 2.2 air miles SW of Barnhart on CR311 (31.1134667ºN, 101.2040667ºW). -
Appendix(S1:(Systematics(Of(The(Micrurus'fulvius(Complex(And(Taxonomic( Revision(Of(Micrurus'tener(
Streicher et al. 1 Appendix(S1:(Systematics(of(the(Micrurus'fulvius(complex(and(taxonomic( revision(of(Micrurus'tener( Introduction(( Coralsnakes*of*the*genus*Micrurus*Wagler*1824*from*North*and*Central*America*have*a* complicated*taxonomic*history,*likely*because*they*have*a*highly*conserved*morphology* (Boulenger*1896;*Schmidt*1933;*1958;*Slowinski*1995)*and*many*species*possess*color* pattern*polymorphism*(Schmidt*1958;*Roze*1996;*Campbell*and*Lamar*2004).*Although* molecular*data*have*been*used*to*explore*enzyme*diversity*in*venoms*(e.g.*Tanaka*et*al.* 2010;*Renjifo*et*al.*2012;*Margres*et*al.*2013;*CarbajalSSaucedo*2013),*most* phylogenetic*analyses*of*DNA*for*species*involved*in*the*Micrurus'fulvius*(Linneaus* 1776)*complex*(sensu*Castoe*et*al.*2012)*have*been*restricted*to*the*nominate*form* (Slowinski*1995;*Castoe*et*al.*2007;*Pyron*et*al.*2011,*2013)*or*this*and*M.'tener*(Baird* and*Girard*1853).*Renjifo*et*al.*(2012)*found*M.'fulvius*and*M.'tener*forming*a* monophyletic*group*sister*to*M.'diastema*(Duméril,*Bibron,*and*Duméril*1854),*another* species*found*in*Mexico.*Thus,*the*relatedness*of*these*morphologically*similar*snakes* remains*uncertain*due*to*low*species*coverage*with*at*least*16*species*occurring*in* Mexico.** In*the*main*text*we*present*evidence*that*M.'tener*is*a*species*comprised*of* individuals*that*possess*one*of*two*divergent*mitochondrial*haplogroup*types,*but* collectively*have*nuclear*DNA*variation*consistent*with*a*single*species*that*recently* expanded*northward.*Although*it*is*beyond*the*scope*of*our*study*to*discuss*the* -
Reptiles in Arkansas
Terrestrial Reptile Report Carphophis amoenus Co mmon Wor msnake Class: Reptilia Order: Serpentes Family: Colubridae Priority Score: 19 out of 100 Population Trend: Unknown Global Rank: G5 — Secure State Rank: S2 — Imperiled in Arkansas Distribution Occurrence Records Ecoregions where the species occurs: Ozark Highlands Boston Mountains Arkansas Valley Ouachita Mountains South Central Plains Mississippi Alluvial Plain Mississippi Valley Loess Plain Carphophis amoenus Common Wormsnake 1079 Terrestrial Reptile Report Habitat Map Habitats Weight Crowley's Ridge Loess Slope Forest Obligate Lower Mississippi Flatwoods Woodland and Forest Suitable Problems Faced KNOWN PROBLEM: Habitat loss due to conversion Threat: Habitat destruction or to agriculture. conversion Source: Agricultural practices KNOWN PROBLEM: Habitat loss due to forestry Threat: Habitat destruction or practices. conversion Source: Forestry activities Data Gaps/Research Needs Genetic analyses comparing Arkansas populations with populations east of the Mississippi River and the Western worm snake. Conservation Actions Importance Category More data are needed to determine conservation actions. Monitoring Strategies More information is needed to develop a monitoring strategy. Carphophis amoenus Common Wormsnake 1080 Terrestrial Reptile Report Comments Trauth and others (2004) summarized the literature and biology of this snake. In April 2005, two new geographic distribution records were collected in Loess Slope Forest habitat within St. Francis National Forest, south of the Mariana -
The Venomous Snakes of Texas Health Service Region 6/5S
The Venomous Snakes of Texas Health Service Region 6/5S: A Reference to Snake Identification, Field Safety, Basic Safe Capture and Handling Methods and First Aid Measures for Reptile Envenomation Edward J. Wozniak DVM, PhD, William M. Niederhofer ACO & John Wisser MS. Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute for Biosciences and Technology, Program for Animal Resources, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 (Wozniak) City Of Pearland Animal Control, 2002 Old Alvin Rd. Pearland, Texas 77581 (Niederhofer) 464 County Road 949 E Alvin, Texas 77511 (Wisser) Corresponding Author: Edward J. Wozniak DVM, PhD, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute for Biosciences and Technology, Program for Animal Resources, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 [email protected] ABSTRACT: Each year numerous emergency response personnel including animal control officers, police officers, wildlife rehabilitators, public health officers and others either respond to calls involving venomous snakes or are forced to venture into the haunts of these animals in the scope of their regular duties. North America is home to two distinct families of native venomous snakes: Viperidae (rattlesnakes, copperheads and cottonmouths) and Elapidae (coral snakes) and southeastern Texas has indigenous species representing both groups. While some of these snakes are easily identified, some are not and many rank amongst the most feared and misunderstood animals on earth. This article specifically addresses all of the native species of venomous snakes that inhabit Health Service Region 6/5s and is intended to serve as a reference to snake identification, field safety, basic safe capture and handling methods and the currently recommended first aide measures for reptile envenomation. -
Chihuahuan Desert National Parks Reptile and Amphibian Inventory
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Chihuahuan Desert National Parks Reptile and Amphibian Inventory Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/CHDN/NRTR—2011/489 ON THE COVER Trans-Pecos Ratsnake (Bogertophis subocularis subocularis) at Big Bend National Park, Texas. Photograph by Dave Prival. Chihuahuan Desert National Parks Reptile and Amphibian Inventory Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/CHDN/NRTR—2011/489 Authors: Dave Prival and Matt Goode School of Natural Resources University of Arizona Editors: Ann Lewis Physical Science Laboratory New Mexico State University M. Hildegard Reiser Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Program National Park Service September 2011 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. -
Neurotoxical Activity of Micrurus Snake Venom and Methods for Its Analysis. a Literature Review
453 Rev. Fac. Med. 2020 Vol. 68 No. 3: 453-62 REVIEW ARTICLE DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v68n3.75992 Received: 06/11/2018. Accepted: 01/03/2019 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Neurotoxical activity of Micrurus snake venom and methods for its analysis. A literature review Actividad neurotóxica del veneno de serpientes del género Micrurus y métodos para su análisis. Revisión de la literatura Janeth Alejandra Bolívar-Barbosa1,2 Ariadna Lorena Rodríguez-Vargas2 1 Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá Campus - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Toxicology - Master’s Degree in Toxicology - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. 2 Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá Campus - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Chemistry - Protein Research Group - Bogotá D.C. - Colombia. Corresponding author: Janeth Alejandra Bolívar-Barbosa. Departamento de Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No 45-03, building: 471, office: 203. Telephone number: +57 1 3165000, ext.: 15120. Bogotá D.C. Colombia. Email: [email protected]. Abstract Introduction: Snakes of the genus Micrurus have fossorial habits, passive temperament and Bolívar-Barbosa JA, Rodríguez-Vargas scarce production of powerful venom with neurotoxic characteristics that block the synaptic AL. Neurotoxical activity of Micrurus snakes venom and methods for its transmission at the neuromuscular junction. analysis. A literature review. Rev. Fac. Objective: To present an overview of the neurotoxicity of the Micrurus snake venom, and Med. 2020;68(3):453-62. English. doi: its functional characterization by ex vivo analysis methods. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/revfac- med.v68n3.75992. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted in MedLine and ScienceDirect using specific terms and their combinations. -
Index to Scientific Names of Amphibians and Reptiles for Volume 49 (2014)
Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 49(12):175-177, 2014 Index to Scientific Names of Amphibians and Reptiles for Volume 49 (2014) January 1-16 April 41-56 July 93-104 October 137-152 February 17-32 May 57-76 August 105-124 November 153-164 March 33-40 June 77-92 September 125-136 December 165-180 Acrochordus arafurae 70 Barisia ornata 87 nebrius 110 Agkistrodon ciliaris 20, 21 taprobanica 87 Cruziohyla craspedopus 37 browni 121, 122 imbricata ciliaris 81, 82 Clemmys Ctenosaura macrolopha 110 contortrix 2, 51 Boa guttata 149 Daboia russelii 86, 165, 166, 167 piscivorus 93 constrictor muhlenbergii 46 Dendrophidion brunneum 72 Ahaetulla nasuta 88 imperator 81, 82, 106, 111, 112 Clonophis kirtlandii 64 Dendropsopus leucophyllatus 37, 39 Alligator mississippiensis 13, 158 Bogertophis Cnemidophorus burti 106 Dermatemys mawii 135 Ambystoma 90 subocularis amplinotus 82 Coleonyx variegatus sonoriensis 110 Dermochelys coriacea 149 annulatum 74 Boiga irregularis 72 Coluber Desmognathus nigrum 80 Bolitoglossa biseriata 72 bilineatus 105, 111, 112 monticola 11 rosaceum 80, 106 Bombina 24 constrictor oaxaca 19, 21 ocoee 11 nigrum 80 Bothriechis guifarroi 122 flagellum 2 quadramaculatus 11, 27 rosaceum 81 Bothriopsis bilineata 70 cingulum 105, 111, 112 Diadophis tigrinum 102, 106 Bothrops atrox 72 flagellum 93-94 punctatus 81 Amphisbaena varia 72 Bradypodion lineatulus 83 arnyi 2 Anaxyrus pumilum 51 testaceus 19, 21 dugesii 81, 83 americanus 59, 98 taeniabronchum 73 mentovarius striolatus 83 regalis 81 cognatus 110 ventrale 73 schotti ruthveni 19, 21 Dipsosaurus -
The Bold Taxonomic Hypotheses of Collins (1991): 23 Years Later
268 XXX POINTS OF VIEW ———. 2013ag. A new egg-eating snake from the southern Arabian PYLE, R. L., AND E. MICHEL. 2008. ZooBank: Developing a nomen- Peninsula (Squamata: Serpentes: Colubridae: Colubrinae: Boigi- clatural tool for unifying 250 years of biological information. ni). Australasian J. Herpetol. 21:59–63. Zootaxa 1950:39–50. ———. 2013ah. The Doug Yanega Opinion. Taxacom Discussion REYNOLDS, G. R., M. L. NIEMILLER, AND L. J. REVELL. 2014. Toward a Thread dated 8 October 2013. URL: http://markmail.org/mes- Tree-of-Life for the boas and pythons: Multilocus species-level sage/at3cgsjo4go4wzir. Accessed on 27 December 2013. Archived phylogeny with unprecedented taxon sampling. Mol. Phylog. by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6MC2zN3LK. ———. 2013ai. Spracklandus Hoser, 2009 (Reptilia, Serpentes, Elapi- Evol. 71:201–213. dae): request for confirmation of the availability of the generic SCHLEIP, W. D. 2014. Two new species of Leiopython Hubrecht, name and for the nomenclatural validation of the journal in which 1879 (Pythonidae: Serpentes): Non-compliance with the Inter- it was published. Bull. Zool. Nomen. 70:234–237. national Code of Zoological Nomenclature leads to unavailable ICZN. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The names in zoological nomenclature. J. Herpetol. In press. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, United SHEA, G., P. COUPER, J. W. WILMER, AND A. AMEY. 2011. Revision of the Kingdom. Online version accessed at http://www.nhm.ac.uk/ genus Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in hosted-sites/iczn/code. Australia. Zootaxa 3146:1–63. ———. 2012. Amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the In- SHEA, G. -
Indigenous and Established Herpetofauna of Caddo Parish, Louisiana
Indigenous and Established Herpetofauna of Caddo Parish, Louisiana Salamanders (8 species) Genus Species Common Name Notes Kingdom: Animalia >> Phylum: Chordata >> Class: Amphibia >> Order: Caudata >> Suborder: Salamandroidea Family: Ambystomatidae Ambystoma - Mole Ambystoma maculatum Spotted Salamander Salamanders Ambystoma opacum Marbled Salamander Ambystoma talpoideum Mole Salamander Ambystoma texanum Small-mouthed Salamander Family: Amphiumidae Amphiuma - Amphiuma tridactylum Three-toed Amphiuma Amphiumas Family: Plethodontidae Eurycea - Brook Eurycea quadridigitata Dwarf Salamander Salamanders Family: Salamandridae Notophthalmus - Notophthalmus viridescens Central Newt Eastern Newts louisianensis Kingdom: Animalia >> Phylum: Chordata >> Class: Amphibia >> Order: Caudata >> Suborder: Sirenoidea Family: Sirenidae Siren - Sirens Siren intermedia nettingi Western Lesser Siren 1 of 7 To comment on this checklist or for additional (possibly updated) copies, contact: L.E.A.R.N., (318) 773-9393; PO Box 8026, Shreveport, LA 71148; [email protected] Indigenous and Established Herpetofauna of Caddo Parish, Louisiana Frogs (17 species) Genus Species Common Name Notes Kingdom: Animalia >> Phylum: Chordata >> Class: Amphibia >> Order: Anura >> Suborder: Neobatrachia Family: Bufonidae Anaxyrus - North Anaxyrus fowleri Fowler’s Toad American Toads Family: Eleutherodactylidae Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae Eleutherodactylus - Eleutherodactylus Rio Grande Chirping Frog Alien species / Isolated Rain Frogs cystignathoides campi record- call -
Appendix B. Texas Reptiles Including Those Found in Two Urban Centers and in Other States
Appendix B. Texas reptiles including those found in two urban centers and in other states. (Courtesy of Cassandra LaFleur) Texas Reptiles Scientific Name Dallas Houston States Checklist 1. Alligator Snapping Turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) 14 2. American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) D 10 3. Baird's Ratsnake (Elaphe bairdi) 1 4. Black-necked Gartersnake (Thamnophis cyrtopsis) 3 5. Blacktail Rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus) 3 6. Box Turtle (Terrapene carolina) D H 30 7. Brazos River Watersnake (Nerodia harteri) 1 8. Broad-headed Skink (Plestiodon laticeps) D 21 9. Cagle's Map Turtle (Graptemys caglei) 1 10. Canyon Lizard (Sceloporus merriami) 1 11. Cat-eyed Snake (Leptodeira septentrionalis) 1 12. Central American Indigo Snake (Drymarchon corais) 1 13. Checkered Garter Snake (Thamnophis marcianus) 6 14. Chicken Turtle (Deirochelys reticularia) 12 15. Chihuahuan Hook-nosed Snake (Gyalopion canum) 3 16. Chihuahuan Nightsnake (Hypsiglena jani) 6 17. Coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum) 21 18. Coal Skink (Plestiodon anthracinus) 19 19. Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) D 47 20. Common Side-blotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana) 11 21. Common Watersnake (Nerodia sipedon) 34 22. Concho Watersnake (Nerodia paucimaculata) 3 23. Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) D 28 24. Cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) D 17 25. Crevice Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus poinsettii) 2 26. Dekay's Brownsnake (Storeria dekayi) 37 27. Desert Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus magister) 7 28. Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) 16 29. Diamondback Water Snake (Nerodia rhombifer) D 13 30. Dunes Sagebrush Lizard (Sceloporus graciosus) 2 31. Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) 10 32. Eastern Hognose Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) 34 33. Eastern Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula) 28 34. Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) 17 35. -
Pharmacology Consult Column Editor: Patricia Anne O’Malley, Phd, APRN-CNS
Clinical Nurse SpecialistA Copyright B 2019 0.5 Pharmacology and 1.5 ANCC Contact Hours Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Pharmacology Consult Column Editor: Patricia Anne O’Malley, PhD, APRN-CNS More Snakebites and Less Antivenom Prescribing Burdens for Venomous Envenoming Patricia Anne O’Malley, PhD, APRN-CNS When you see a snake, never mind where he came from!1 VENOMOUS SNAKES IN NORTH AMERICA Snakes are found in every state of the United States except nake envenoming is responsible for premature Alaska, Maine, and Hawaii.4 There are approximately 20 death and disability on every continent. Locations types of venomous snakes in North America, including pit Sfor venomous snakes vary as a function of ecolog- vipers (family Viperidae) and subfamily Crotalidae,which ical, geographic, and environmental factors. Worldwide, includes rattlesnake, copperhead, and cotton mouth (water there are 5.8 million persons at significant risk, with ap- moccasin). In addition, there are 3 coral snake species in the proximately 7400 persons bitten each day. An estimated United States; the Eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius)in 2.7 million cases a year result in 81 000 to 138 000 deaths, the family of Elapidae is found in southeast to Florida and as with an estimated 400 000 persons experiencing permanent far west as Louisiana and southern Texas, with the Texas disability that includes blindness, amputation, contractures, coral snake (Micrurus tener), and the Sonoran coral snake and posttraumatic stress disorder. Typical victims are poor, (Micruroides euryxanthus).5 Worldwide, there are 3000 from rural communities in tropical and subtropical areas species of snakes, except in Antarctica, Iceland, Ireland, across the world. -
Venom of the Coral Snake Micrurus Clarki: Proteomic Profile, Toxicity, Immunological Cross-Neutralization, and Characterization of a Three-Finger Toxin
toxins Article Venom of the Coral Snake Micrurus clarki: Proteomic Profile, Toxicity, Immunological Cross-Neutralization, and Characterization of a Three-Finger Toxin Bruno Lomonte 1,*, Mahmood Sasa 1, Paola Rey-Suárez 2, Wendy Bryan 1 and José María Gutiérrez 1 1 Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (W.B.); [email protected] (J.M.G.) 2 Programa de Ofidismo y Escorpionismo, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; ofi[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +506-2511-7888 Academic Editor: Stephen P. Mackessy Received: 26 March 2016; Accepted: 2 May 2016; Published: 5 May 2016 Abstract: Micrurus clarki is an uncommon coral snake distributed from the Southeastern Pacific of Costa Rica to Western Colombia, for which no information on its venom could be found in the literature. Using a ‘venomics’ approach, proteins of at least nine families were identified, with a moderate predominance of three-finger toxins (3FTx; 48.2%) over phospholipase A2 (PLA2; 36.5%). Comparison of this venom profile with those of other Micrurus species suggests that it may represent a more balanced, ‘intermediate’ type within the dichotomy between 3FTx- and PLA2-predominant venoms. M. clarki venom was strongly cross-recognized and, accordingly, efficiently neutralized by an equine therapeutic antivenom against M. nigrocinctus, revealing their high antigenic similarity. Lethal activity for mice could be reproduced by a PLA2 venom fraction, but, unexpectedly, not by fractions corresponding to 3FTxs. The most abundant venom component, hereby named clarkitoxin-I, was identified as a short-chain (type I) 3FTx, devoid of lethal effect in mice, whose target remains to be defined.