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GAINING SCALE in MICROCREDIT Can Banks Make It Happen?

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GAINING SCALE in MICROCREDIT Can Banks Make It Happen? GAINING SCALE IN MICROCREDIT Can banks make it happen? A report on two workshops organised by the Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry European Commission Enterprise and Industry GAINING SCALE IN MICROCREDIT Can banks make it happen? A report on two workshops organised by the Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry European Commission Enterprise and Industry ENTERPRISE & INDUSTRY MAGAZINE The Enterprise & Industry online magazine (http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/e_i/index_en.htm) covers issues related to SMEs, innovation, entrepreneurship, the single market for goods, competitiveness and environmental protection, better regulation, industrial policies across a wide range of sectors, and more. The printed edition of the magazine is published three times a year. You can subscribe online (http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/e_i/subscription_en.htm) to receive it — in English, French or German — free of charge by post. This publication is fi nanced under the competitiveness and innovation framework programme (CIP) which aims to encourage the competitiveness of European enterprises. Europe Direct is a service to help you fi nd answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Offi ce of the European Union, 2010 ISBN 978-92-79-14433-2 doi:10.2769/36362 © European Union, 2010 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Front cover image: Toy blocks © Orlando Florin Rosu — Fotolia.com Printed in Belgium PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER Contents Executive summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Context .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Graphic 1 — Data on market share and loan volumes in a public support programme in Germany (KfW-StartGeld) .................................................... 6 The business case ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Start-up or existing business ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Graphic 2 — BPH microloan products ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Graphic 3 — Crédit Mutuel microloan products ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Graphic 4 — Crédit Agricole microloan products ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Graphic 5 — Intesa Sanpaolo microloan products ..................................................................................................................................................................................10 Graphic 6 — MicroBank microloan products ............................................................................................................................................................................................10 Graphic 7 — Hungarian microloan guarantee schemes .......................................................................................................................................................................11 Graphic 8 — Dutch microloan scheme ........................................................................................................................................................................................................12 Graphic 9 — Summary of bank microloan key fi gures ..........................................................................................................................................................................13 A level playing fi eld ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 Interest rates .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 The trends ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................17 Graphic 10 — Institutional strategies according to target groups ....................................................................................................................................................17 Graphic 11 — UK CDFIs’ funding partnerships with banks ...................................................................................................................................................................18 Graphic 12 — Challenges of MFI capacity-building ................................................................................................................................................................................19 The fi nancial crisis and recession ..................................................................................................................................................................................................20 List of participants ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................21 Page 3 Executive summary For the European Commission, developing the participants and other experts on ‘The role of the the low default rates achieved by some supply of microcredit is important because banks for microcredit in Europe’. The following microfi nance institutions (MFIs). it encourages new businesses, stimulates specifi c topics were initially identifi ed: • Banks should develop their cooperation economic growth and can help counteract the • The business case: Would microcredit with business support service providers. eff ects of the fi nancial and economic crisis. clients get a loan and how would the loan Complementary work can be a key factor product look? Is there enough on off er for success and lead to more access to Contrary to the more commonly known use and what could banks do to improve this? fi nance. of microcredit in developing countries, where • The level playing fi eld: What is the role of it involves much smaller amounts and is the non-banking sector in relation to the focused on eradicating poverty, the European banking sector? For MFIs Commission views microcredit as a loan of up • The trends: How will the situation • Achieving a balance between fi nancial to EUR 25 000 for business initiatives, from any change due to the economic and fi nancial sustainability and social performance institution whose purpose includes lending crisis? How will the future of microcredit would help the non-bank sector to keep smaller amounts to businesses. provided by banks look: a business to its focus on its original tasks. For this, the develop, or one to avoid? gradual inclusion of microcredit customers In the past, surveys have shown that new in the banking sector is important. entrepreneurs often fi nd it diffi cult to borrow Banking and non-banking experts discussed • The more competent MFIs are and the small amounts because many banks see these questions in two workshops in November higher their standards and the quality microcredit, in particular microloans to start- 2008 and March 2009. This report outlines the of service, the better they can cooperate ups, as a high-risk, low-return activity where conclusions from those discussions. with banks. overhead costs are high in relation to the • Linked to this, key questions for the non- amount lent. Banks can play a signifi cant role to gain scale and bank sector are: bring operational effi ciency to the microcredit • Where does the capital come from? The EU already has tools to increase the sector. Banks should see microcredit as an • Who should do the lending? availability of microcredit, especially with the innovative and profi table way of participating • Should it be sustainable? guarantees available under the competitiveness in economic and social development. Only with and innovation
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