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University of Copenhagen Maskulin standhaftighed Køn, materie og populærkultur i Asger Jorns kunstpraksis Brøns, Helle Anita Publication date: 2014 Document version Tidlig version også kaldet pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Brøns, H. A. (2014). Maskulin standhaftighed: Køn, materie og populærkultur i Asger Jorns kunstpraksis. Det Humanistiske Fakultet, Københavns Universitet. Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 DET HUMANISTISKE FAKULTET KØBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET Ph.d. -afhandling Helle Brøns Maskulin standhaftighed Køn, materie og populærkultur i Asger Jorns kunstpraksis Institutnavn: Institut for Kunst- og kulturvidenskab Name of department: Department of Arts and Cultural Studies Forfatter: Helle Brøns Titel og evt. undertitel: Maskulin standhaftighed. Køn, materie og populærkultur i Asger Jorns kunstpraksis Title / Subtitle: Masculine Resistance. Gender, Materiality and Popular Culture in the Artistic Praxis of Asger Jorn Emnebeskrivelse: Om Asger Jorns kunstneriske praksis i 1950erne og 60erne belyst gennem tematikkerne køn, materie og populærkultur Hovedvejleder: Anne Ring Petersen Afleveret den: 30. september 2014 Antal ord (inkl. fodnoter, ekskl. Bilag): 95.296 1 Indholdsfortegnelse Indholdsfortegnelse ............................................................................................................................ 0 Tak ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Indledning ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Tre Jorn-diskurser. Forskningsoversigt og receptionshistorie ...................................................... 5 Metodiske overvejelser. Forførelse og modstand ....................................................................... 17 Afhandlingens struktur ............................................................................................................... 22 Introduktion til periode og problemfelter ................................................................................... 24 2. Køn og kunst. Baggrund ............................................................................................................. 38 En kønsforskrækket værkreception ............................................................................................ 38 Kommunisme, køn og kunst – et samlet afsæt ........................................................................... 43 Modernitet og maskulinitet ......................................................................................................... 48 3. Tekster. Maskulinitet og kællingesnak ...................................................................................... 51 Yin og Yang, Apollon og Dionysos. Dialektisk kønstænkning .................................................. 51 Polemikken med Elsa Gress ....................................................................................................... 61 Alfa og omega – Det uopdagede køn.......................................................................................... 70 Kønsteoretisk forskelstænkning – dialektik og triolektik ........................................................... 78 Tekstens køn ............................................................................................................................... 89 4. Billeder. Køn og populærkultur ................................................................................................. 97 Motiviske kønsrefleksioner......................................................................................................... 98 Menneskedyr ............................................................................................................................. 104 Situationistisk begær ................................................................................................................. 115 Maskulin kultur i Situationistisk Internationale ....................................................................... 124 Modifikationer og disfigurationer ............................................................................................. 132 Maleriets kønnede diskurser I. Spontanitet og ekspression ...................................................... 144 Maleriets kønnede diskurser II. Vulgaritet, selvkontrol og destruktion ................................... 154 Antiheltens maskulinitet og kunstnerrolle. Fremstilling og selvfremstilling ........................... 163 5. Materie og Populærkultur ........................................................................................................ 177 Materie og populærkultur i Jorn-forskningen. .......................................................................... 180 Populærkulturens materiale. Jorn og Alloway .......................................................................... 183 Interplanetare materialer og drømme. Science fiction og populærkultur ................................. 188 Malerisk materialitet i Atomalderen ......................................................................................... 195 Materiens filosofiske og politiske tænkning ............................................................................. 206 Materiens videnskab. Komplementærteori og New Materialism ............................................. 215 6. Afslutning.................................................................................................................................... 225 Bilag ................................................................................................................................................. 235 Bilag 1. Forkortelser ................................................................................................................. 235 Bilag 2. Tidslinje og biografiske oplysninger ........................................................................... 235 Bilag 3. Referenceliste .............................................................................................................. 237 Bilag 4. Dansk resumé .............................................................................................................. 257 Bilag 5. English Summery ........................................................................................................ 258 Bilag 6. Illustrationer ................................................................................................................ 259 1 Tak Som en del af mit ph.d. stipendiat ved Statens Museum for Kunst (SMK), Muse- um Jorn (MJ) og Københavns Universitet har jeg deltaget i en række praktiske aktivite- ter – udstillingskuratering, tilrettelæggelse af konference, artikelbidrag til kataloger, tidsskifter og publikationer. Disse aktiviteter har præget retningen af min forskning og givet mig et uvurderligt netværk af Jorn-kendere, som jeg på forskellig vis har sparret med undervejs. Jeg vil gerne takke særligt min vejleder lektor Anne Ring Petersen for omhyggelig og aldrig svigtende støtte til især strukturelle og argumentatoriske kvababbelser; min bivejleder museumsinspektør og seniorforsker på SMK Dorthe Aagesen for et engageret og lærerigt samarbejde om udstillingen Asger Jorn. Rastløs Rebel og min anden bivej- leder Karen Kuczynski (Assistant Professor of Art History, University of Massachu- setts) for med stor generøsitet at dele sin enorme viden om Jorn. Også en stor tak til direktør på Museum Jorn Jacob Thage og alle andre museet, især museumsinspektør Karen Friis Herbsleb og ph.d. studerende Teresa Østergaard Pedersen for hjælp og ad- gang til museets skatte. Tak også til arkitekt og uafhængig forsker Ruth Baumeister; professor Hal Foster; kunstner og professor Axel Heil; kritiker og kurator Roberto Ohrt; museumsinspektør og uafhængig forsker ved Cobra Museum Hilde de Bruijn; postdoc. og forfatter Thomas Hvid Kromann; kritiker og kurator Ellef Prestsæter, ph.d. stipendiat Niels Henriksen; museumsinspektør og seniorforsker Henrik Holm; ph.d. stipendiat Kerry Greaves; tidli- gere direktør for Museum Jorn Troels Andersen; tidl. lektor Graham Birtwistle. Jeg vil også gerne takke Désirée Laszlofi for hjælp med tvetydighederne i Jorns franske titler og Lærke Rydal Jørgensen for redaktionel hjælp. Endelig er jeg taknemmelig over, som en sidegevinst til mit forskning- og udstillingsarbejde, at have lært Troels og Susanne Jorn at kende. En særlig tak til min familie for at bakke mig op og for at række tunge af Jorn, når det var tiltrængt. 2 1. Indledning Jeg vil indlede med et hurtigt blik på tre af Asger Jorns billeder, som kaster en række centrale spørgsmål af sig. På det første sidder en lidt ubehjælpsomt malet udgave den lille havfrue på sin sten med Asger Jorns grinende ansigt som hoved – komplet med skæg, pibe og sommerhat. [fig.1] Billedet er taget på Bakken i sommeren 1964 i en af de populære fotoforlystelser, hvor man stikker hovedet bagfra ud gennem et hul i en plade med en påmalet figur og bliver foreviget som fx supermand, præst, abekat – eller havfrue. Jorn har ikke signeret billedet som et værk, og det fremstår således, ligesom ethvert andet billede af en Bakken-gæst, som et banalt, populærkulturelt delvis automa- tiseret billede, båret af en folkelig humor. Men samtidig er det et kunstnerisk selvpor- træt, der refererer tydeligt til en kunstspecifik avantgardediskurs – fra dadaistiske foto- collager, over modifikationer af trivielle malerier som både Joan Miró, Marcel Du- champ, Max Ernst og Jorn
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