ACT UP, 268-271, 298 adenylate cyclase, see adenylyl cyclase adenylyl cyclase ibogaine potentiation of morphine effect on,7 ibogaine potentiation of serotonin effect on,12, 146 mu-opioid inhibition of, 98-99
Adriaans, Nico Dutch Junkiebond and, 253, 283-284 Dutch Addict Self-Help (DASH) and, 283-4, 298, 302, 311 Erasmus University and, 258-259, 271, 298 view on importance of peer counseling in ibogaine treatment, 290 acetylcholine, EEG and, 9, 28-29 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, iboga alkaloids and, 9, 41, 50 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, iboga alkaloids and, 6, 9-10, 41, 50-51 REM sleep and, 29 affinity of iboga alkaloids at various receptor sites, tables, 41, 81, 167 anomie, 238 anxiety cocaine withdrawal and, 146-148 ibogaine and, 227-234 kappa-opioid receptors and, 231-232
Bastiaans, Jan, Dr. ibogaine treatments in the Netherlands, and, 260, 285, 298 LSD and, 260
Beal, Dana (see also Cures-not-Wars), 271-272 benzodiazepine receptor, 179 binding, space and time, iboga and, 239, 244
Bin-Wahad, Dhoruba, 272
Bwiti estimated dosages of iboga alkaloids used, table, 242 sacramental use of iboga, 30, 235-247, 294 work of the ancestors, iboga and, 239, 245 cannabis, market separation from hard drugs, 270
cardiovascular effects, iboga alkaloids, 25, 49, 166-167
cerebellar Purkinje cells, climbing fiber synapses originating from the inferior olive, excitoxicity and, 12, 184-185
charismatic group, 30
Chemical Abstracts ibogamine skeleton numbering, 3, (see A Note Concerning the Numbering of Iboga Alkaloids)
Christiana, Copenhagen, 261-263
civil disobedience, 267
Clouet, Doris, Dr., 252-253
Cocaine cardiovascular effects of ibogaine and 166 dopamine efflux in the rat NAc, iboga alkaloids and, 15-16 dopamine efflux in mouse brain slice, ibogaine and effect of kappa-opioid antagonist, 8 EEG effects of ibogaine and, 196-200 locomotor response to, iboga alkaloids and, 46-47, 51 self- administration, iboga alkaloids and 5, 12-13, 16, 22, 42,45-46, 48, 119, 127- 129 sensitization, 15-16, 47-48 stereotypy and, 46-47 withdrawal anxiety, ibogaine and, 146-148
colonialism 30, 237-40
corticosterone secretion rat, ibogaine and, 200-201 rat, ibogaine and noribogaine and, 100-103
craving, drug animal model, 220-221 measurement in humans utilizing the Heroin Craving Questionnaire (HCQ-29), 163, 165 effects on with ibogaine in humans, 16-17, 165-169, 284, 287
Cures-not-Wars, 264, 272, 275 cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYPD2D6), 82-83, 158-161
Czech Republic, ibogaine scene in, 264-265
DASH (Dutch Addict Self-Help), 253, 257-58
Doors of Perception, The, 251 dopamine brain tissue levels, effect of ibogaine on, 9, 87-91, 108, 199-202 efflux, NAc, cocaine, iboga alkaloids and, 15-16, 47-48 efflux, NAc, morphine, iboga alkaloids and 15, 45 efflux, NAc, nicotine, iboga alkaloids and 15-16, 47-48 receptor affinity, iboga alkaloids, 9, 41, transporter, iboga alkaloids and, 9, 86-87, 117
Dole, Vincent P. Dr., 290, 312
DOM (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine), 10, 63, 66-69, 71
Drug discrimination
beta-carbolines in ibogaine-trained animals, 11, 69-71 fixed ratio schedule, 64 NMDA antagonists in ibogaine-trained animals, 11, 72 nonessential stimulus components, ibogaine, 10-11, 66-69 noribogaine in ibogaine-trained animals, 11, 74-75 opioids in ibogaine-trained animals, 73-74 serotonergic agents in ibogaine-trained animals, 8, 10-11, 66-69, 75 sigma ligands in ibogaine-trained animals, 74-75 dynorphin, ibogaine and, 11
ECoG (electrocortigogram) 194-200
EEG (electroencephalogram) ibogaine and, 9, 24, 28-29 effect of cocaine in rats pretreated with ibogaine 194-200 learning and, 29-30 ethanol self-administration, iboga alkaloids and, 12, 51, 127
Erasmus University, Rotterdam, 253-254, 257-259, 271, 298 eye movements, observations reported by treatment guides, 30 fatalities, 25-27
FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) approval of IND submitted by D. Mash, 5, 255, 303 scheduling of ibogaine, 4 fenfluramine, 8, 66, 92, 102, 201 fluoxetine, 11, 69 fluvoxamine, 69 focus group for participants in DASH treatments, 258, 284
Fluoro-Jade, cerebellar degeneration and, 23, 208
Frenken, Geerte, 257
Gabon 4, 253, 265, 294
GFAP (glial fibrillary acid protein), 22-23, 106, 203-204 gender differences bioavailability, 19-20, 84 kinetics and metabolism of ibogaine and noribogaine in rats, 84-85, 107-108 neuropathology, 22 visual phenomena related to ibogaine in humans, 256
Glick, Stanley, Dr., 253 glycine, 7, 58-59, 61
Goutarel, Robert, 29-30, 256, 275 guide, treatment, 17, 285-288, 300 hallucinations, 18-19, 286 haloperidol, sigma receptor and, 174, 176 harm reduction, 267-268, 270-272, 278, 290 harmaline 107, 174, 184-185, 188
Harms, Josien 257, 283 heroin self-administration, ibogaine and, 12-13 smoking, 26 withdrawal, human, ibogaine and 17, 155-172, 284-298,
ibogaine chemical properties, 2-3 mechanisms of action, 6-10, 40-41, 49-51, 55-62, 115-133, 140-142, 167-169 opioid receptors and, 7-8, 41, 167-169 pharmacokinetics, see pharmacokinetics, ibogaine possible differences related to manufacturing source, 119 price, Slovenia, 261 scheduling, 4, 250-251, 268, 272
Ibogaine Mailing List 6, 262, 276
Ibogaine Story, The 264, 275
ICASH (International Coalition of Addict Self-Help) 5, 283, 298-299
INTASH (International Addict Self-Help) 235, 239-243, 254, 257, 283, 285-286, 290, 302
Internet, 6, 262, 264, 276-277
Isbell, Harris, Dr., 4
Junkiebond, Dutch, 253, 268, 270-271, 283
Kabouters, 269
Kaplan, Charles, Dr., 258-259, 284
Ka-Tzetnik 135633 (Yehiel De-Nur), 260
Kleber, Herbert, Dr. 284
Lambarène, 4, 115
LeMen and Taylor ibogamine skeleton numbering, 3, ( see A Note Concerning the Numbering of Iboga Alkaloids)
Lieberman, Dan, 263, 265-266
locomotor activity cocaine, iboga alkaloids, and 14-15, 46-48, 91 morphine, iboga alkaloids and, 14-15, 44-45 stereotypy and, 15, 47 long-term outcomes, ibogaine treatments, 17-18, 156
Lotsof, Howard initial observations of ibogaine effect in humans, 4, 251-252, 294-295 patents for use of ibogaine in drug dependence and, 4-5, 253 NDA International and, 253-254
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) Jan Bastiaans and, 260 5HT2A receptor and, 66-69
Mash, Deborah, Dr., FDA and, 5, 166, 254-55 St. Kitts and, 17, 25, 155-171, 255
Memantine, 57, 59, 61
18-Methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) drug self-administration and, 13, 40-46, 48, 51 locomotor behavior and, 44-48 morphine withdrawal and, 40, 43-44, 47, 51 NMDA receptors and, 41,44-45, 49, 60-61 opioid receptors and, 41, 44-45, 49, 51 serotonin and, 41, 49, 51 sigma receptors and 41, 49, 79-83
morphine dopamine efflux in NAc, iboga alkaloids and 15, 45 locomotor response to, iboga alkaloids and, 14, 44 modulation of effects by ibogaine, 212 self-administration, iboga alkaloids and, 42-43, 213-214 withdrawal, animal, effect of iboga alkaloids, 13-14, 40, 43-44, 51, 98-99, 215- 219
mouse differences from the rat regarding ibogaine with regard to ibogaine effect on locomotor response to cocaine, 15 differences from the rat regarding ibogaine neurotoxic effects, 207-208 knockout, 117, 125, 128 morphine withdrawal and, 14
Naranjo, Claudio, Dr., 4, NDA International, 15, 251, 253-255, 259-260, 268, 298, 303
NDE (near death experience), 30-31 neurotensin-like immunoreactivity (NTLI), ibogaine and, 11 neurotoxicity human evidence 24-25 neuropathological studies in animals 22-24, 105-107, 202-209 sigma receptors and, 173-174, 176, 184-186, 188
NIAD (Netherlands Institute for Alcohol and Drugs) 259, 285 nicotine dopamine efflux, iboga alkaloids and, 10, 15-16, 45, 47 self-administration/ preference, iboga alkaloids and, 5, 12-13, 33, 42, 46 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, see acetylcholine
NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse), 2, 5 252-254, 259, 267, 269, 271-275, 278
NIDA Ibogaine Review Meeting, March 1995, 5, 17
NIH (National Institutes of Health), 273
NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) affinity of ibogaine for the NMDA receptor 6-7, 41, 56-60, 81, 167 discriminative stimulus of ibogaine, and, 11, 72-73, effects of NMDA antagonists in opioid withdrawal 59 functional evidence for ibogaine as NMDA antagonist 7, 56-60, 184 18-MC and, 41,44-45, 49, 60-61 noribogaine and 41, 60, 81, 105, 167 sigma receptors and, 174-175, 184-185 norharman, effect on morphine withdrawal, 14 noribogaine (10-hydroxyibogamine) identification as a primary metabolite of ibogaine, 81-82, 157-158 NMDA receptors and 41, 60, 81, 105, 167 opioid receptors and, 7-8, 41, 81, 108, 167-169 serotonin receptor interactions, 41, 81, 167 serotonin release in NAc and, 47 sigma receptors and, 179-187 tissue dopamine levels and, 108 normalization, 252, 271 nucleus accumbens (NAc) core vs. shell regions, 12, 15-16 dopamine efflux in response to drugs, effects of iboga alkaloids, 15-16, 45, 47-48 olivocerebellar projection, 23, 184-185 oneiric/ oneirophrenic effects, 18, 275, 309 opioid receptors, interactions with iboga alkaloids, ibogaine 8, 41, 167-169 18-MC 41, 44-45, 49, 51 noribogaine 7-8, 41, 81, 108, 167-169
Parker, Jon, 24 panoramic memory, 18, 28, 30, 287-288, 299-301 pharmacokinetics, ibogaine animal pharmacokinetic studies 19-20, 81-85, 95, 161 gender and gonadectomy and, 84-85 heterogeneity among CYP isoforms, 20, 158-160, 162 humans, 19-20, 159-160 place preference amphetamine, ibogaine and, 220 morphine, ibogaine and, 220 plus maze, 146-148, 151, 229-232 political theater, tactics of, 269-271 prolactin secretion rat, effect of ibogaine 200-201 rat, effect of ibogaine and noribogaine 100-103
Provos, 269 reinstatement paradigm, 220
REM sleep 29-30
Resinovic, Marko, 260-261
Rock Against Racism, 272 runway paradigm, rewarding and aversive effects of drugs and, 220-221
Russia, 285, 291
Sandberg, Nick, 264
Sanders, Chris, 264
“Sara”, 263-264
Secret Chief, The, 256 second messenger signal transduction, ibogaine and, 7, 12, 33, 139-140, 142, 145 sensitization, effects of iboga alkaloids on neurodaptations related to, 12, 15-16, 28, 43- 48
serotonin extracellular levels in NAc, iboga alkaloids and, 47, 49 inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, enhancement by ibogaine, 12, 146 putatuve role in ibogaine’s mechanism of action, 108 release, iboga alkaloids and, 8, 49, 102 serotonin (5HT) receptors 5HT2A receptor, LSD and, 8, 10, 66-69 affinity, 5HT1A receptor, iboga alkaloids, 41 affinity, 5HT2A receptor, iboga alkaloids, 8, 41 affinity, 5HT2C receptor, iboga alkaloids, 41 affinity, 5HT3 receptor, iboga alkaloids, 8, 41, 51
serotonin transporter (SERT), iboga alkaloids and, 6, 8, 49, 81, 84-86, 108, 117, 167-168, sigma receptors affinity, ibogaine, 10, 41, 81, 178-180 affinity, 18-MC, 41, 179-181 affinity, noribogaine, 41, 179-180, 185 apoptosis and, 176-178, 181-182 general characteristics and functions 174-176 iboga alkaloids and, 173-192 neuroleptics and, 174-175 putative role in ibogaine neurotoxicity, 23-24, 173-191 sigma1 receptor 174-180 sigma2 receptor, calcium signaling and, 177-178 steroids as sigma receptor ligands, 175 tremor and, 186-188 Sisko, Robert, 253, 283
Slovenia, ibogaine scene in, 260-261 sodium channels, ibogaine and 18-MC affinity for, 6, 50 stages of subjective experience in patients treated with ibogaine, 18-19, 286-287, 306-307 substance P, ibogaine and, 11
Taub, Eric, 255-256 tremor iboga alkaloids and, 24, 40, 48-49, 60, 104-105, 186-188, 214 sigma binding affinity and, 186-188
United Kingdom, ibogaine scene in, 264
Venlafaxine, 69
Vocci, Frank, 5, 275
Waltenburg, Carl, 261-263 withdrawal, opioid, animal, iboga alkaloids in, 13-14, 40, 43-44, 51, 98-99, 215-219 withdrawal, opioid, human, dextromethorphan in, 59 ibogaine in, 4, 16-17, 155-170, 284, 294-295 measurement using OOWS (Objective Opiate Withdrawal Scale) 162-164, 172
Wright, Curtis, 32, 250
Yippies 269-271