Choose the Right NAND Flash Solution for Your Embedded Application Aravind Ramamoorthy NAND Product Line Director Micron Technology, Inc.

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Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 1 Agenda

• Embedded Market Overview • Key Applications • NAND Solutions • Feature Comparison • Conclusion

Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 2 Embedded Market Trends Industrial Connected Automotive Multi-Market Consumer Home Transition to a mobile Internet of Things Adoption of UHD/4K Smarter homes for living space; fully (IoT) driving smarter expands across entertainment, security, connected with connected devices applications and energy management autonomous driving Distributed data Wearable applications Traditional set-top box V2V/V2I analytics and storage are booming (STB) market faces communications competition from over Adoption of mobile Increased mobility and the top (OTT) and cloud- Accelerated adoption and PC derived smaller form factors based networks of new technologies platforms Rapid growth into developing countries Embedded Nand Market

SLC MLC SSD eMMC

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Source: Micron Marketing

Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 4 Discrete vs. Managed NAND

Discrete NAND ECC FREE Managed NAND 2 SLC, MLC, TLC Serial NAND, EC NAND SSD, e.MMC, eUSB, CF

HOST HOST HOST

Wear Leveling Low–Level Driver

Command/ Command/ MMC , SATA Block Management Block Management or USB Bus ECC Driver Controller Wear leveling, CMD/Block mgmt, Driver ONFI NAND Bus NAND error mgmt ONFI NAND Bus ECC ECC NAND NAND

NAND

Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 5 NAND Solution Comparison

SSD SSD

e.MMC UFS UFS ECC ECC Free ECC Free Discrete e.MMC Free Discrete Ease Use Ease of

Cost Discrete Performance Cost • Managed NAND easy to design but more expensive . uC and package adders (MCP, caps) large portion of BOM cost vs. discrete NAND at low densities • Discrete NAND can achieve similar/higher performance vs. e.MMC

with optimized software 6 Discrete Nand Software Options

• Block FS • NAND FS Application Application Flash (e.g. Block File System (e.g. ) JFFS,YAFFS, UBIFS Flash Translation Layer Flash Low-Level Driver NAND

NAND

Flash wear leveling, bad block Requires FTL and LLD management, power loss managed by Same software stack for managed file system and discrete NAND Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 7 Performance

29 eMMC 25

Discrete Nand MB/s 13 12 10 11 4 3

Write Read Write Read Sequential Sequential Random Random

• Comparable performance between discrete NAND and eMMC if software is optimized and host can manage ECC Based on Amlogic M8 Platform; 50 MHz async mode Sequential Performance @ 128K chunk size and Random Performance @ 4K chunk size Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 8 Power Consumption Active (W) Standby (mW)

PCIe 60 PCIe 4 SATA 60 SATA 3 UFS UFS 1.2 3

eMMC 0.8 eMMC 1

NAND 0.2 NAND 0.5 Seq Write (nj/bit) Random Write (mj/KIOPS)

PCIe 2.5 PCIe 28 SATA 2.75 SATA 40 UFS 2 UFS 50 eMMC 2

NAND 1 eMMC 60 Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA NAND 9 Reliability Considerations

• Power Loss Recovery SLC: One bit per cell

Reference Point Number of of Number Cells • SLC mode Vt Temperature (C)

250 Peak

200

150

100

50 • Reflow Data retention Preheating Stage Reflow Stage

Time

10 Summary • Discrete NAND is a good option for cost-sensitive applications • Managed NAND is better for ease of design/time to market • Discrete NAND performance is equal to managed NAND if software is optimized • Robust power-loss protection, SLC mode, and reflow capability needed to use discrete NAND

Flash Memory Summit 2015 Santa Clara, CA 11