Incorporating State Comprehensive Wildlife

Conservation Strategies

into a Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan

A joint project of

and

June 2007 1

Incorporating State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies into a Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan

A joint project of the Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership and The Nature Conservancy

This project was conducted with the generous financial support of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) under NFWF grant agreement 2005-0005-002.

Recommended Citation:

Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership and The Nature Conservancy. 2007. “Incorporating State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies into a Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan.” Nashville, TN.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This project was funded by a National Fish and Wildlife Federation grant, sponsored by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, to the Wildlife Resources Agency acting on behalf of the Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership (SARP). Additional funding for this grant was provided through in-kind contributions from the SARP member agencies. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) led this project in collaboration with the SARP regional aquatic habitat planning committee. The TNC project lead was Sally Palmer, and Joey Wisby of TNC led the CWCS integration database development. SARP Coordinator Scott Robinson, along with Marilyn O’Leary and Ed Comstock assisted in meeting facilitation, logistics, and collecting feedback from SARP member-state CWCS planners. Finally, this project is built upon the expertise of the literally hundreds of participants in the 2003-2005 CWCS planning efforts of , , , , , , , , , , , Tennessee, , and .

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Southeast is a region with more aquatic diversity than any other area of the continental (Palmer et al. 2005). The sustainability of these freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats and the economic, social, and cultural benefits they provide is under threat by increasing urbanization and land use changes, nonpoint source pollution, invasive plant and , and incompatible water management. The Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership was formed in 2001 with the mission to “with partners, protect, conserve, and restore aquatic resources including habitats throughout the Southeast, for the continuing benefit, use and enjoyment of the American people” (SARP MOU 2001). The SARP member states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas), along with other agency signatories, namely the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (GSMFC), and the Gulf and South Atlantic Fishery Management councils (GMFMC and SAFMC), are committed to collaborative, cross- jurisdictional efforts to improve and protect the aquatic resources of the Southeastern U.S.

In 2005 the SARP worked with The Nature Conservancy to launch a regional scale aquatic habitat plan (see Palmer et al. 2005). During this time, the first National Fish Habitat Action Plan (NFHAP) was completed, which identified national habitat improvement objectives as well as recognizing the SARP as the pilot Fish Habitat Partnership for the Southeastern U.S. (Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2006). The SARP envisions its regional habitat plan as the primary vehicle for implementing both NFHAP and regional scale aquatic habitat objectives.

Also in 2005, all nongame programs in SARP member states, as directed by Congress, submitted their Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies (CWCS) to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for approval. The state CWCS plans encompass the variety of problems facing state-identified species of greatest conservation need (SGCN) as well as strategic conservation actions aimed at improving habitats and population status of SGCNs (TWRA 2005). While engaged with its pilot regional planning effort, the SARP recognized the importance of trying to incorporate its member state’s nongame CWCS work into the regional aquatic habitat plan.

The Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, acting on behalf of SARP, submitted a grant for this project to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation’s “State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Support Program,” which was founded with support of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. The goal of this program is to facilitate regional and/or national coordination in implementing state CWCS plans. The Nature Conservancy was invited by the SARP steering committee to continue participation on its regional habitat planning committee by leading the tasks associated with the objectives of this new grant project. The two primary objectives of this project were as follows:

1. Work with the SARP’s regional habitat planning committee and member state CWCS planners to incorporate the aquatic elements of the state CWCS plans into the Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan.

ii

2. Identify potential cross-border conservation strategies and specific opportunities for state and federal integrated conservation planning for shared aquatic resources.

This project report is designed to assist the SARP habitat plan committee in its efforts to integrate the aquatic elements of its member state CWCS plans into the SARP regional aquatic habitat plan. By incorporating this CWCS information and engaging with the nongame programs of its member states, the SARP can help develop habitat restoration and protection strategies that cross both programmatic and political boundaries, increasing the effectiveness of existing agencies and organizations while leveraging available funding to maximize the financial resources available to achieve regional-scale conservation objectives.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………………..i

Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………………….ii

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………….1

Project Methodology………………………………………………………………………………………4

Project Outcomes…………………………………………………………………………………………19

Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………………24

References………………………………………………………………………………………………….25

Appendices………………………………………………………………………………………………….27

List of Tables

Table 1. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005)………………………………………………………………………10

Table 2. Strategy Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS Assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005)……………………………………………………15

Table 3. USGS Water Resource Regions largely and partially within SARP member-state political boundaries…………………………………………………………………………..20

List of Appendices

APPENDIX 1: USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGIONS LARGELY OR PARTIALLY CONTAINTED WITHIN SARP MEMBER STATE POLITICAL BOUNDARIES……………………..28

APPENDIX 2: USGS HUC-8 WATERSHEDS COMMON TO MULTIPLE SARP MEMBER STATES. ORGANIZED BY INDIVDUAL STATE………………………………………………36

APPENDIX 3: SARP MEMBER STATE CWCS PRIORITY MAPS……….…………………………….53

APPENDIX 4: SARP MEMBER STATE (+ VA) CWCS CONTACTS………………………………..100

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INTRODUCTION

Project Overview

The Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership and Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan

The Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership (SARP) is comprised of signatories from 13 southeastern states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee and Texas), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission (GSMFC), and the Gulf and South Atlantic Fishery Management councils (GMFMC and SAFMC). The SARP was established by a Memorandum of Understanding between its member agencies in 2001, committing those agencies to work together in partnership to address the variety of conservation challenges related to the management of aquatic resources at a landscape scale in the Southeastern United States (SARP MOU 2001). The mission of the SARP is “with partners, protect, conserve, and restore aquatic resources including habitats throughout the Southeast, for the continuing benefit, use and enjoyment of the American people” (SARP MOU 2001).

One of the SARP’s primary focus areas is aquatic habitat, and the partnership began its first effort to draft a Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan in 2003 (Palmer et al. 2005). During calendar year 2005, The Nature Conservancy (TNC) assisted the Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership (SARP) in completing a more formal pilot watershed planning project designed to initiate the development of the SARP’s Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan. This work was funded via a National Fisheries and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) grant to the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA) acting on behalf of the SARP. The SARP was also successful in receiving multi-state conservation grant funds from the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (SEAFWA) to continue the planning effort beyond the pilot.

While the SARP’s initial regional planning efforts were underway, in 2004 the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies agreed to lead the development of the National Fish Habitat Action Plan. The first national plan was completed in 2006 and identifies “Fish Habitat Partnerships” as the “primary work units” of the action plan (Association of Fish and Wildlife Associations 2006). The SARP currently is recognized as a pilot Fish Habitat Partnership the National Fish Habitat Board. In further developing its regional habitat plan, the SARP is coordinating with the National Board and Science Committee to align national and regional goals, as well as working with a myriad of partners in the Southeast to begin the process of fostering new cooperative efforts with sub-regional and local partnerships.

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Incorporation of State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies into the Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan

In 2005 all states and territories of the U.S. were required by Congress to complete a Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CWCS) to guide the expenditure of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant Program funds. Congress required eight essential elements of the plans, including updated species distribution information, habitat conditions and problems, research and survey needs, and conservation strategies (TWRA 2005). Because of the extensive effort to cover these “elements” by the SARP member states in their CWCS plans, the SARP steering committee and regional habitat planning committee identified as a priority the need to somehow incorporate this information into the SARP regional aquatic habitat plan.

Therefore, the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, again on behalf of SARP, submitted and received a grant from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation’s “State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Support Program.” This program was established with the support of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation with the goal of assisting regional or national coordination in the implementation of state CWCS plans. The primary objective of this new grant project was to specifically incorporate the SARP member state CWCS plan elements related to aquatic species and habitats into the SARP regional aquatic habitat plan. The SARP steering committee requested that TNC to remain involved in the SARP regional planning effort by participating on the SARP’s regional habitat planning team and leading the execution of the work elements outlined in the newly granted NFWF grant.

Working with the SARP is a regional priority for TNC because the scale and mission of the partnership offer great potential to maximize aquatic conservation efforts across the Southeast. The southeastern United States is a region with more freshwater aquatic diversity than any other region of the country. These systems are under increasing pressure and their ecological sustainability is threatened by increasing urbanization and land use changes, non-point source pollution, invasive species, and incompatible water management. Many of TNC’s state chapters in the region were involved at various levels with state CWCS planning efforts during 2004-05. By bringing together the CWCS plans as they relate to aquatic targets in the Southeast, in its the regional habitat plan the SARP can help develop cross-border strategies to protect and restore aquatic habitats. This will help to leverage scarce financial resources in a manner that makes all participating agencies’ and organizations’ efforts more successful.

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Project Objectives

The Nature Conservancy assisted the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency and the SARP in executing the Incorporating State Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategies into a Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan project by meeting the following primary objectives:

1. Work with the SARP’s regional habitat planning committee and member state CWCS planners to incorporate the aquatic elements of the state CWCS plans into the Southeast Aquatic Habitat Plan.

2. Identify potential cross-border conservation strategies and specific opportunities for state and federal integrated conservation planning for shared aquatic resources.

By working closely with the SARP, and the SARP regional habitat plan committee in particular, TNC provided the following recommendations and assistance towards the project objectives:

1. A process for integrating state CWCS plan priority targets, threats and strategies for aquatic systems across state boundaries and within the context of the SARP’s regional aquatic habitat plan will be developed.

2. Assistance to the SARP in creating a network of participating member state CWCS planners and biologists in support of further cross-border planning and strategy implementation.

This final report designed specifically to meet the needs of the SARP regional planning team and further the integration of relevant state CWCS plan information into the SARP regional aquatic habitat plan.

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PROJECT METHODOLOGY

Project Approach and Timeline

The successful execution of the two primary project objectives was dependent upon the direction of the SARP regional habitat planning committee and the involvement of its member state CWCS planners. TNC directed the project in a manner consistent with the SARP regional habitat planning committee’s approach to the regional plan. Therefore, the specific methodology for this project, its timeline, and the structure of the products evolved to meet the planning approach adopted by the planning committee and the needs identified by the group. The original project timeline was expanded from twelve to eighteen months to accommodate the planning process.

TNC provided one staff member as the project lead for CWCS strategy incorporation work, and this staff person was invited to sit on the SARP plan committee, which met for the first time in March 2006. Early on in this project and following the establishment of the SARP committee, several similar projects aimed at utilizing CWCS plan results came to the attention of the TNC project lead and SARP committee members. Therefore, an emphasis was placed on learning about the approaches of these other studies in order to gain efficiencies in this work and not duplicate effort. These other studies included ones led by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, and the Southeast Watershed Forum.

The following timeline summarizes the general work elements accomplished over the project’s eighteen month span:

Month 1-3 (January-March 2006)

• SARP establishes its new regional aquatic habitat plan committee. First committee meeting is held in March 2006 • TNC project lead works with planning committee to identify appropriate next steps for achieving CWCS integration project objectives in context of planning effort. • Collection and assimilation of data from state CWCS plans begins

Months 4-8 (April-August 2006)

• Continue collection and assimilation of data from state CWCS plans into a draft coordination framework for during regional strategy meeting. • Draft coordination framework presented to second SARP planning committee meeting in August 2006 • Identification of projects being led by other agencies and organizations to facilitate more cohesive implementation of CWCS plans • Key CWCS planners from SARP member states identified and fall workshop participation arranged.

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Months 9-15 (September 2006 – March 2007)

• CWCS planners invited to first SARP regional habitat planning stakeholder workshop in October 2006 and review coordination framework • CWCS planners work with TNC project lead to identify technical, administrative, and programmatic obstacles and opportunities for cross-border strategy implementation. • Project update on integration framework presented to SARP steering committee in November 2006 • Assimilation of data on problems, strategies, and priority watersheds from CWCS plans into coordination framework continued • Project objectives and progress on action steps presented to SARP habitat plan committee at January 2007 meeting; adjustments made to final product design to meet committee needs • Additional information gathered regarding coincidental CWCS assimilation projects led by other agencies and organizations

Months 16-18 (April 2007 – June 2007)

• Presented information from integration framework to participants at second SARP regional planning stakeholder meeting in April 2007 • Completion of framework tool and final report designed to assist in the facilitation of further cross-border planning and conservation strategy implementation

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Project Challenges

Three general challenges were faced in completing the objectives of this project as originally conceived - (1) inconsistencies in the type and amount of data provided in the CWCS plans regarding problems, strategies, and priority watersheds; (2) shifting staff responsibilities within states following the completion of CWCS plans in 2005 and time demands on staff in beginning CWCS plan implementation; and (3) managing project resources to best achieve the objectives while avoiding duplicative effort with similar projects led by different agencies and organizations. All of these challenges had to be addressed in creating a data management tool and recommendations for the SARP that will help the partnership overcome obstacles to cross- border strategy coordination.

State CWCS plan data inconsistencies

In the recent report “Aquatic Summaries and Highlights – A Review of State Wildlife Action Plans,” U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service staff discuss inconsistencies in the state CWCS plans across the United States that make summarizing plan data into a standardized format difficult (Bolton, Hess and Klotz 2007). Two of the inconsistencies highlighted in that report also impacted the ability of this project to identify specific opportunities or cross-border strategies directly from the CWCS plans at this phase of the SARP regional habitat planning effort:

(1) Differences in the delineation of priority conservation areas (2) Inconsistencies in the scale and prioritization of conservation strategies

Many states in the SARP region did not identify priority watersheds or otherwise delineate conservation focus areas. The states also employed various methods for characterizing their aquatic systems and habitats (Bolton, Hess and Klotz 2007). These methods included specific aquatic habitat classification systems, describing watersheds in association with their terrestrial ecoregion-type, and addressing watersheds various USGS Hydrologic Unit code scales.

The lack of watershed or conservation area prioritization may be partially attributed to the original intent to conduct comprehensive conservation planning for all species of greatest conservation need within a state. The species focus of the CWCS plans necessitates a consideration of problems and strategies linked to the conservation of all species targets and their habitats across a given state. Upon completion of this task, only a few states chose to examine their watersheds or other geographic unit of aquatic systems to assess which areas may contain more species targets or else apply some other additional prioritization filter such as level of threat.

The species level focus of the CWCS plans also contributed to difficulties in consolidating conservation strategies from state to state and identifying common opportunities. Most states in the SARP region did not prioritize statewide conservation actions in their CWCS plans. Most states also did not identify a certain suite of strategies applicable to a given geographic area. The scale and detail of strategies also varied from state to state, with some states identifying very specific actions and partners while others remaining more general, with the intent of refining strategies within future project plans (see Bolton, Hess and Klotz 2007 for further

6 explanation of these issues). The challenge for this project was to develop a method for consolidating information originally designed at different scales, with different problem and strategy descriptors, and with differing emphases on site and strategy prioritization.

State CWCS staff participation

Another challenge faced by this project was the shifting staff responsibilities within the state programs which completed the CWCS plans in 2005 and began implementation in 2006. Many states were in transition from the staff who were involved in writing the plans to a staff framework designed to begin more efficient implementation. The transitional nature of the state CWCS programs, in addition to the multiple demands on staff time, complicated the process of receiving CWCS staff feedback to this process. However, those state staff who were able to participate provided valuable feedback and helped fairly describe the challenges faced by their counterparts in other state programs. This information has been critical to providing the SARP with guidance on how to further facilitate the cross-border strategy implementation of its member states and how CWCS staff and funding can be most effectively engaged in the process.

Similar projects utilizing CWCS plan information

During the course of this project, several other efforts to utilize the wealth of information in the SARP member state CWCS plans were identified and reviewed by the SARP regional habitat plan committee. These projects include the aforementioned USFWS effort, a project lead by the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies to identify regional conservation priorities, a U.S. Geological Survey effort to refine the delineation of priority watersheds for critically imperiled species (Muir 2006), and work by the Southeast Watershed Forum to incorporate CWCS plan data and strategies into public and elected official education curricula (Olsenius personal communication 2007). In addition, the National Fish Habitat Plan Science committee is conducting its preliminary assessments of aquatic habitat in the U.S. This assessment involves the examination of problems facing aquatic habitats across the U.S. and is utilizing Geographic Information Systems data to provide spatially explicit watershed assessments at various scales (Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2006). All of this ongoing work was directly related to various aspects of this project, and the SARP planning committee wanted to ensure that the efforts it made to utilize the CWCS plans were complimentary and not duplicative.

7 Assessment tool development

Following the initial review of the 13 SARP member state CWCS plans, the decision was made to create an Access database tool that would allow for the inclusion of available information on CWCS problems, strategies, and when available, priority areas and monitoring criteria. The database is intended to be a tool that can be used to evaluate the common problems and strategies shared by the states so that these issues and actions can be addressed appropriately by the SARP’s regional aquatic habitat plan. The objective of the regional plan, in this regard, will be to capture those areas of common concern and effort so that resources are directed in such a way as to assist the states in meeting their CWCS objectives.

Because the USFWS CWCS assimilation project and the USGS imperiled species review consolidated species of greatest conservation need information, the tool development phase of this project focused on combining the state problems and strategies into one database framework that could be used to search for commonalties between states. The format of the database is flexible enough to allow the addition of tabular information from these other projects if the SARP chooses to do so given its data management needs as the regional plan matures.

Information regarding the CWCS problems and strategies from the following states was processed into tabular forms: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. Virginia is not yet an official SARP signatory, but may become one in the near future and sent representatives to regional stakeholder meetings. The problem and strategy descriptors were taken verbatim from the plans and placed in Microsoft Excel worksheet forms for processing into the Access database.

The next step involved linking the individual state problems and strategies to standardized hierarchical terminology systems. The standardized hierarchy for both the problems and strategies chosen was adapted from Tennessee’s CWCS plan (TWRA 2005). These terminology frameworks originated with the Conservation Measures Partnership (CMP), an international partnership of non-governmental conservation organizations (for more information see www.conservationmeasures.org).

The Tennessee CWCS planners began with the CMP framework in order to organize the description of problems and actions across scales. The SARP planning committee and CWCS state planners who participated in this effort found the standardized framework very useful for helping to synthesize information from different states that originated at different scales and used dissimilar terminology in some cases. New problem categories were added to the Tennessee taxonomy because some problems identified by states were not identified by Tennessee, particularly those issues unique to estuarine or marine systems. Additions were also made to the strategy taxonomy to organize those actions which fell into a general action class (e.g. Habitat acquisition) but whose state descriptions did not closely match the strategy definitions. Table 1 describes the problem categories and definitions used. Table 2 describes the conservation strategies hierarchy. Following Table 2 is a description of the conservation strategy definitions.

8 Some states provided detailed information regarding the partner agencies and organizations engaged in implementing specific CWCS strategic actions, and other states provided specific performance indicators related to CWCS objective outcomes. When this type of information was readily transferable to the database format, such as in the cases of Georgia and North Carolina, that information was included in the database as reference material for the SARP habitat planning team to utilize.

Finally, in order to identify the watersheds of common interest between SARP member states, the project team reviewed the USGS Water Resources Regions held in common by multiple states (Seaber, Kapinos, and Knapp 1987). This information is provided in the database as well as in text form in this report. Additionally, any information on geographic priorities identified by the states was compiled and is provided as an Appendix to this report.

9 Table 1. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Problem Category Description

Acid Rain Destruction or degradation of terrestrial & aquatic habitat from precipitation in the low pH range (acid). Acid rain results from emissions of various pollutants by powerplants, factories, automobiles, and other sources.

Agricultural Conversion Removal of the natural vegetation of an area for agricultural purposes such as: pasture, row crops, feed lots, outbuildings, etc.

Channelization of Rivers / Streams Alteration of the natural course of a river or stream by removing rock, dirt, gravel, and other sediments from shorelines and bottoms. Such alteration is done primarily for navigation and flood control purposes.

Channel / Shoreline maintenance Degradation of water quality and destruction of habitats along coastal shorelines during stabilization activities that cover habitats with rock or other erosion- control structures (e.g. rip rap) Such alteration is done primarily for navigation and shoreline erosion control purposes.

Commercial Collection of Species Increased mortality due to legal taking or killing of species for commercial purposes such as: pet trade, live bait, mussel collection for pearl industry, fur trade, smelt production, etc.

Commercial vehicles Increased mortality or habitat disturbance or destruction due to over-utilization or other inappropriate use by large commercial vehicles. Applies more typically to estuarine and marine systems.

Commercial / Industrial Development Destruction or degradation of habitats in an area due to construction and other activities related to the development of commercial or industrial buildings.

Construction of Dams / Impoundments Disruption and degradation of the natural flow of a river or stream due to construction of dams or impoundments. Also includes destruction of terrestrial habitats due to removal and inundation of vegetation along shorelines.

Construction of Ditches / Dikes Disruption and degradation of the natural hydrologic Drainage / Diversion Systems patterns of wetlands, rivers, and streams due to construction of various water diversionary or containment structures.

Construction of Roads / Railroads / Destruction or degradation of habitats in an area due Utilities to construction of roads, railroads, or utilities. The linear makeup of these corridors often fragment terrestrial habitats.

Data gaps Lack of knowledge regarding the status of species targets or their habitat condition

10 Table 1, continued. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Problem Category Description

Development (undesignated) Many state CWCS plans did not discriminate between types of development threat. This category was assigned to those problems not clearly defined between destruction or degradation of habitats originating from residential, commercial, or industrial construction.

Excessive Competition / Predation by Increased mortality of resulting from either Native Species excessive take by predators or by the inability to compete with other species for food and resources.

Excessive Groundwater Withdrawal Removal of groundwater resources essential to maintenance of hydrologic levels that support aquatic and subterranean species. Withdrawal is primarily from wells drilled for home water supply, irrigation, and other agricultural uses.

Excessive Surfacewater Withdrawal Removal of surfacewater resources needed to maintain hydrologic levels for aquatic and subterranean species.

Fire Suppression Degradation of fire-dependent natural systems due to either human suppression of fire or the conditions needed to support combustion.

Forest Type Conversion Any anthropogenic action that results in significant change in forest composition or type.

Illegal Dumping Increased mortality or degradation of habitats due to illegal disposal of waste products containing pollutants harmful to animals.

Hunting/Fishing/Collection Pressure Increased mortality of animals due to hunting, fishing, commercial collection, or other activities.

Incompatible Animal Production Degradation of soil & water quality via improper Practices management of animal waste or chemical applications required during the rearing of livestock or other farm animals raised in concentrated conditions.

Incompatible Forestry Practices Modification of the forest composition or type of an area related to silvicultural (in)activities not compatible with species or habitat.

Incompatible Grazing / Pasture Degradation of soil & water quality and habitat Management Practices structure of an area due to excessive grazing or to Inappropriate exclusion of cattle from stream and forest resources. Also, includes degradation caused by overapplication of fertilizers or other chemicals during pasture management practices.

11 Table 1, continued. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Problem Category Description

Incompatible Mining Practices Destruction or degradation of soil & water quality and habitat structure of an area due to inappropriate removal of soil and minerals or disposal of overburden or waste materials during various mining activities. May also affect subterranean habitats.

Incompatible Row Crop Agriculture Degradation of soil - water quality or habitat structure Practices related to row crop production and maintenance not compatible with species needs. Often due to erosion from plowing/tilling or chemical applications of herbicides/pesticides.

Incompatible Species Management Increased mortality or degradation of habitats resulting Practices from the application of management practices that conflict with the ecological needs of a particular species.

Industrial Discharge Increased mortality or degradation of habitats resulting from legal or illegal releases of toxins or contaminants into the environment by various industries.

Invasive Exotic Species Increased mortality or habitat degradation caused by excessive competition from invasive exotic species.

Landfill Construction / Operation Destruction or degradation of habitats due to construction and maintenance of county or municipal landfill operations. Also, includes habitat degradation and increased mortality caused by releases of toxins and other contaminants into the environment.

Low-level Ozone Air Pollution Destruction or degradation of natural vegetation from the accumulation of toxic ozone in the lower atmosphere, usually in higher elevation regions of the state. Ozone results from emissions of various pollutants by powerplants, factories, automobiles, and other sources.

Military Maneuvers Increased mortality of species or destruction / degradation of habitats due to the use of heavy vehicles or explosives on the landscape during military exercises.

Municipal Wastewater Treatment / Degradation of water quality resulting from ineffective Stormwater Runoff treatment of municipal wastewater released into rivers and streams. Also, includes ineffective capture and treatment of stormwater runoff which is often contaminated by various pollutants.

Oil or Natural Gas Drilling Degradation of soil and water quality due to release or spillage of oil, brine, and other chemicals during drilling for oil or natural gas deposits. May also affect subterranean habitats.

12 Table 1, continued. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Problem Category Description

Operation of Dams / Reservoirs Degradation of water quality and aquatic habitat availability due to disruption of natural hydrologic regimes of rivers and streams by dams or reservoirs. Also, includes destruction / degradation of terrestrial habitats due to periodic raising or lower of water levels.

Operation of Drainage / Diversion Degradation of water quality and habitat availability Systems due to disruption of natural hydrologic regimes of rivers, streams, & wetlands by the operation of drainage ditches, dikes, and other water diversionary & containment structures.

Other/multiple sources Category assigned to state problems not attributed to a well- defined problem type or source or otherwise attributed to multiple sources.

Parasites / Pathogens Increased mortality of species due to high levels of parasites or disease-causing pathogens.

Policy, capacity, funding issues Problems associated with lack of organizational funding or staffing and/or agency policy shortcomings

Population dynamics/genetics Problems with species targets associated with small population size, isolated populations, or disrupted predator/prey relationships.

Primary Residential Development Destruction or degradation of habitats due to construction activities associated with the building of primary residences.

Recreational Use of Habitats Destruction and degradation of habitats and increased (Non-vehicular) mortality of species due to excessive levels of recreational activities or inappropriate usage of habitats for recreation.

Recreational Vehicles Destruction and degradation of habitats and increased mortality of species due to excessive levels of recreational vehicle traffic or inappropriate usage of habitats for recreational vehicles.

Residential Sewage / Septic Systems Degradation of water quality resulting from ineffective treatment of residential sewage by septic systems. Often caused by older, defective sewage systems or by poorly-sited septic tanks.

Secondary Home / Resort Development Destruction or degradation of habitats due to construction activities associated with the building of secondary/vacation homes and resort developments.

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Table 1, continued. Descriptions of Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Problem Category Description

Sediment transport disruption Prevention of natural sediment transport into estuarine and other near shore habitats. Includes problems such as dam operations in upstream freshwater systems as well as disruption of sediments carried in from near-shore areas.

Shoreline Stabilization Degradation of water quality and destruction of habitats along shorelines during stabilization activities that cover stream banks with rock or other erosion- control structures (e.g. rip rap).

Stochastic events Random environmental events (e.g. hurricanes, tornadoes) which disturb species or habitats already under pressure by other sources of stress

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Table 2. Strategy Taxonomy Problem Categories used in SARP CWCS assessment database (adapted from TWRA 2005).

Category 1: Conservation Science, Stewardship & Protection

Habitat Acquisition Fee-title Ownership Permanent Protective Easements Other Habitat Acquisition Action

Information Collection & Dispersal Communications & Public Relations Conservation Planning Formal Education, Training, Outdoor Education, & Recreation Monitoring Research Other Information Collection & Dispersal action

Management & Restoration of Species and Habitats Compatible Resource Use Conservation Area Management Control/Prevention of Invasive Exotic Species & Pathogens Habitat/Natural Processes Restoration Species Restoration Other Management & Restoration of Species and Habitats Action

Category 2: Conservation Financial, Legal & Political Development

Capacity Building Alliances & Partnerships Conservation Finance Institutional Improvement Other Capacity Building Action

Commercial Incentives Conservation Enterprises Market Forces Other Commercial Incentives Action

Law & Policy Compliance and Enforcement Land-use Planning & Zoning Legislation Policies and Regulations Standards Other Law & Policy Action

15 Definitions of conservation strategies

Category 1: Conservation Science, Stewardship & Protection

Habitat Acquisition

Fee-title Ownership: Acquire fee-title ownership of critical units of aquatic, subterranean, & terrestrial habitats.

Permanent Protective Easements: Acquire permanent protective easements on critical units of aquatic, subterranean & terrestrial habitats.

Other Habitat Acquisition Action: Other type of acquisition strategy not involving fee-title or easement transfers to protective ownership.

Information Collection and Dispersal

Communications & Public Relations: Develop communications & public relations programs that benefit target species and habitats.

Conservation Planning: Conduct planning to establish conservation objectives and actions that benefit target species and habitats at state or regional scales.

Formal Education, Training, Outdoor Education, & Recreation: Support formal education, training, outdoor education, and/or recreation programs that benefit target species and habitats.

Monitoring: Develop programs to monitor environmental quality of habitats and/or biological monitoring of species populations.

Research: Facilitate research programs that benefit target species and habitats.

Other Information Collection & Dispersal action: Other type of information collection & dispersal not involving research, monitoring, planning, education, and public relations.

Management & Restoration of Species and Habitats

Compatible Resource Use: Encourage compatible resource uses on public and private lands that contain target species and habitats.

Conservation Area Management: Implement management practices that benefit target species and habitats on public and private conservation areas.

16 Control/Prevention of Invasive Exotic Species & Pathogens: Implement management practices that control or prevent occurrences of invasive exotic species & pathogens on critical units of aquatic, subterranean, and terrestrial habitats.

Habitat/Natural Processes Restoration: Restore critical units of aquatic, subterranean, and terrestrial habitats and/or natural processes that benefit target species.

Species Restoration: Restore populations of target species on critical units of aquatic, subterranean, and terrestrial habitats.

Other Management & Restoration of Species and Habitats Action: Other type of management and restoration of species or habitat not involving compatible resource use, conservation area management, invasive species control, habitat/natural process and species restoration.

Category 2: Conservation Financial, Legal & Political Development

Capacity Building

Alliances and Partnerships: Develop strategic alliances and/or formal partnerships among public & private institutions that benefit target species and habitats.

Conservation Finance: Develop new sources of conservation funding to increase capacity of federal/state agencies, non-governmental organizations and, other institutions to benefit target species and habitats.

Institutional Improvement: Increase internal capacity of public/private institutions to benefit target species and habitats.

Other Capacity Building Action: Other capacity building action not involving partnerships, finance, or institutional improvements.

Commercial Incentives

Conservation Enterprises: Develop commercial enterprises that provide financial incentives for private individuals, industries, and/or small businesses to benefit target species and habitats.

Market Forces: Develop marketing strategies to improve patterns of production and consumption of goods and services for the benefit of target species and habitats.

Other Commercial Incentives Action: Other commercial incentive programs not involving conservation enterprise or market forces.

17 Law and Policy

Compliance & Enforcement: Improve compliance & enforcement programs that benefit target species and habitats.

Land-use Planning & Zoning: Develop land-use planning & zoning ordinances that benefit target species and habitats.

Legislation: Enact legislation to benefit target species and habitats.

Policies & Regulations: Improve policies & regulations that benefit target species and habitats.

Standards: Improve environmental standards that benefit target species and habitats.

Other Law & Policy Action: Other law and/or policy actions not involving compliance/enforcement, land-use planning & zoning, legislation, policies and regulations, or standards.

18 PROJECT OUTCOMES

Database framework and priority geographies

The primary product of this effort, the Access database developed as the CWCS integration framework, is provided separately from this summary report. This database will be of great assistance to the SARP habitat planning committee as it examines common problems and strategic actions across its members states. In its draft Regional Aquatic Habitat Plan, the SARP committee has captured under its eight preliminary objectives the major issues identified by the state CWCS plans. These issues are also related to the “key” or “emergent” properties of aquatic habitats described by the National Fish Habitat Initiative Science committee (Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2006). The information on state problems contained in the database will assist the SARP in further testing spatial assessment techniques for identifying threats to aquatic habitats at a regional scale.

The database also contains the full suite of strategic actions related to aquatic habitat restoration and protection from the SARP member state CWCS plans. The SARP committee can draw upon this suite of strategic actions in defining its major regional strategies. In this fashion the primary actions identified as necessary by the states will be captured, at least in a general sense, by the regional planning effort. As previously mentioned, the language and scale of strategic actions varies in the state CWCS plans, however, the common taxonomy to which the state strategies are linked in the database allows for a clearer discernment of what types of actions are most commonly identified by the states.

To help facilitate cross-border coordination, this project identified those USGS water resource regions, subregions, and HUC-8 watersheds held in common by multiple SARP member states. Table 3 outlines both the five regions found largely within SARP member state political boundaries as well as the four regions partially contained by SARP member state political boundaries. Appendices 1 and 2 break down this information further into shared USGS HUC-8 scale watersheds. Appendix 1 summarizes the information for all SARP states, while Appendix 2 provides a breakdown by each member state. For example, in Appendix 2 the state of Alabama shares 9 water resource subregions and 32 HUC-8 watersheds with its neighboring states. The subregional and HUC-8 scales are both identified in order to help states recognize the potential connections that a single-state initiated project may have with other states at various scales.

Appendix 3 provides a summary of the information available in the CWCS plans or CWCS supporting documents on state priority geographies. The state priorities were usually identified based on the highest concentrations of species of greatest conservation need. Some, however, identified priorities based on the most threatened habitat types or geographies. This information on priority geographies, combined with the cross-political boundary data, can help the SARP identify common project opportunities among its member states and, therefore, help leverage resources to address aquatic habitat needs across state political boundaries.

19 Table 3. USGS Water Resource Regions largely and partially within SARP member-state political boundaries (source: Seaber, Kapinos, and Knapp 1987).

USGS WATER RESOURCE REGION USGS WATER RESOURCE REGION STATES DESCRIPTION

Regions largely within SARP member-state political boundaries

Region 03: South Atlantic-Gulf Region The drainage that ultimately Florida and South Carolina. discharges into: (a) the Atlantic Parts of Alabama, Georgia, Ocean within and between the Louisiana, Mississippi, states of Virginia and Florida; (b) North Carolina, Tennessee, the within and and Virginia. between the states of Florida and Louisiana; and (c) the associated waters.

Region 06: Tennessee Region The drainage of the Tennessee Parts of Alabama, Georgia, River Basin. Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia.

Region 08: Lower Mississippi Region The drainage of: (a) the Parts of Arkansas, below its Kentucky Louisiana, confluence with the River, Mississippi, Missouri, and excluding the Arkansas, Red, and Tennessee. White River Basins above the points of highest backwater effect of the Mississippi River in those basins; and (b) coastal streams that ultimately discharge into the Gulf of Mexico from the Pearl River Basin boundary to the Sabine River and drainage boundary. Region 11: Arkansas-White-Red The drainage of the Arkansas, All of Oklahoma and parts Region White, and Red River Basins of Arkansas, , above the points of highest , Louisiana, backwater effect of the Mississippi Missouri, , and River. Texas. Region 12: Texas-Gulf Region The drainage that discharges into Parts of Louisiana, New the Gulf of Mexico from and Mexico, and Texas. including to the Basin boundary.

20

Regions partially within SARP member-state political boundaries

Region 05: Ohio Region The drainage of the Parts of , , Basin, excluding the Tennessee Kentucky, , New River Basin York, North Carolina, Ohio, , Tennessee, Virginia and .

Region 07: Upper Mississippi Region The drainage of the Mississippi Parts of Illinois, Indiana, River Basin above the confluence , , with the Ohio River, excluding the , Missouri, South Basin. Dakota, and . Region 10: Missouri Region The drainage within the United All of and parts states of: (a) the Missouri River of Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Basin, (b) the Saskatchewan Minnesota, Missouri, River Basin, and (c) several small , , closed basins. , and .

Region 13: Rio Grande Region The drainage within the United Parts of Colorado, New states of: (a) the Rio Grande Mexico, and Texas. Basin, and (b) the San Luis Valley, North Plains, Plains of San Agustin, Mimbres River, Estancia, Jornada Del Muerto, Tularosa Valley, Salt Basin, and Other Closed Basins

21 Cross-border planning opportunities

This project attempted to draw upon the expertise of state CWCS planners in order to identify opportunities for the SARP to help its member states more effectively implement conservation strategies that improve aquatic habitats across political boundaries. Representatives from five SARP member state CWCS plans (AR, GA, LA, SC, TX) plus VA were able to participate in the SARP regional habitat plan stakeholder meeting in October 2006. Other individuals from TN, AL, FL, and MO provided suggestions via phone and email communications regarding SARP’s ability to assist in cross-boundary implementation. Appendix 4 contains the contact information for SARP member state CWCS planners, including representatives for the state of Virginia, as that state participated in the stakeholder meeting.

One of the major issues identified by this and other CWCS integration projects is the need for a common network of CWCS planners. CWCS contributors to this project all identified a new committee formed under the auspices of the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (SEAFWA) as their primary vehicle for communication across state boundaries. Therefore, for the SARP to stay engaged with CWCS planners and most efficiently assist with cross-boundary CWCS projects, the SARP should work closely with the new SEAFWA CWCS committee. SARP already has a formal relationship with the SEAFWA, so making a link to the new CWCS committee should be a simple addition to existing communication efforts.

While the SEAFWA network may provide an efficient communication and coordination role, the CWCS planners felt that the SARP’s regional plan provides a significant opportunity to identify actions that should be taken by multiple states. In addition, the regional nature of the SARP was thought to be extremely significant with regards to leveraging funding and partnership opportunities in ways single states cannot act alone.

The CWCS planners interviewed during this project identified the following obstacles within state CWCS programs to implementing conservation strategies across state political boundaries:

(1) Staff turnovers have left some states without CWCS coordinators or central points of contact (2) State CWCS programs were still in a state of flux following the 2006 USFWS plan approval phase. Staff feel a need to get “their own house in order” before embarking on interstate projects. (3) Lack of staff capacity can limit a CWCS program’s ability to manage relationships with other states (4) Federal match requirements (generally 50/50 Federal to Non-federal funds) may be provided a disincentive for states to work across political boundaries. More incentive exists to outsource in-state projects to partners able to provide non-federal matching funds.

Despite these obstacles, the CWCS planners felt that the SARP could help states achieve their CWCS objectives in the following key ways:

(1) The SARP regional plan will identify priorities (problems, strategies, and/or geographies) in common to multiple states

22 (2) A SARP emphasis on watershed restoration and protection will drive multi-state collaboration moreso than the individual CWCS focus on species of greatest conservation need within state political boundaries (3) The identification of common priorities will be key to focusing the partnership efforts of non-governmental organizations (4) By communicating with the SEAFWA CWCS committee, the SARP can work with the state CWCS programs on coordinating the implementation of multi-state projects (5) Because representatives from multiple divisions within a single state agency may participate with SARP (e.g., inland fisheries, nongame, marine fisheries, etc.), the SARP can help states increase the feasibility of engaging in joint strategies that cross both programmatic and political boundaries.

The Access database integration tool developed during this project is a strong first step in identifying joint priorities (problems and strategic actions) across state lines. The information in this report on commonly shared water resource subregions and HUC-8 watersheds, along with the available data on state priority geographies, may become the basis for future data management tools aimed at tracking projects designed to improve aquatic habitats and watershed health across political boundaries and at various scales. The National Fish Habitat Initiative is piloting both multi-scaled habitat condition assessment and habitat improvement project management tools (Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 2006). These project management tools may be adapted by the SARP in the near future to help facilitate coordination efforts. The information in the CWCS integration database developed during this process can be added to such a project management tool in order to demonstrate how success towards state CWCS, SARP regional plan, and NFHI plan objectives is proceeding.

23 CONCLUSIONS

The nature and extent of problems faced by aquatic systems in the Southeastern U.S. demand that government agencies and private sector organizations focus efforts on those strategies most likely to affect positive, long-term changes at the appropriate scale of action. Land use changes, non-point source pollution, invasive species, and incompatible water management are problems that may be managed at different scales of political boundaries, but their cumulative effects within watershed boundaries necessitates cooperation in order to achieve any aquatic habitat restoration or protection objectives.

The primary objective of this project was to incorporate the aquatic elements of the SARP member state CWCS plans into the SARP’s regional aquatic habitat plan, which has been recognized by the National Fish Habitat Initiative as national pilot Fish Habitat Partnership. This report outlines how the state CWCS integration into the SARP regional plan, combined with an emphasis by the SARP to communicate with the new SEAFWA CWCS committee, will increase the opportunities for state Fisheries, Wildlife, and Nongame programs to better cooperate within and across state boundaries on projects that will meet a variety of programmatic objectives aimed at improving aquatic habitats.

Between December 2005 and June 2007, many concurrent projects began to make use of the data contained within state CWCS plans. These projects were identified and reviewed by the SARP habitat plan committee in order to ensure that its utilization of the CWCS plans during this project was complimentary and not duplicative. One ongoing project in particular, led by the Southeast Watershed Forum (SEWF), provides a promising platform for launching educational programs for citizens and elected officials about state CWCS objectives (Olsenius, personal communication 2007). The need for greater public and local government engagement in CWCS implementation was identified by all SARP member state CWCS plans. The SARP has formally endorsed the SEWF project, and will work with the SEWF as it tracks implementation of this new program. By bringing together the CWCS aquatic elements in its regional habitat plan, in addition to working with CWCS planners and outreach programs such as the one led by the SEWF, the SARP will help implement cross-border strategies and leverage efforts in a way that assists the collaborators achieve conservation objectives more efficiently and at appropriate scales of action.

24 REFERENCES

Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR). 2005. Alabama’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. ADCNR Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries. Montgomery, AL.

Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. 2006. National Fish Habitat Action Plan. , D.C.

Bolton, H., K. Hess and L. Klotz. 2007. Aquatic Summaries and Highlights – A Review of State Wildlife Action Plans. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, D.C.

Conservation Commission of the state of Missouri. 2005. Conserving all Wildlife in Missouri: A Directory of Conservation Opportunity. Missouri’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy.

Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 2005. Florida’s Wildlife Legacy Initiative. Florida’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Tallahassee, Florida.

Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division. 2005. A Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy for Georgia. Atlanta, GA.

Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources. 2005. Kentucky's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Frankfort, Kentucky.

Lester, Gary D., Stephen G. Sorensen, Patricia L. Faulkner, Christopher S. Reid, and Ines E. Maxit. 2005. Louisiana Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Baton Rouge. 455 pp.

Mississippi Museum of Natural Science. 2005. Mississippi’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, Jackson, Mississippi.

Muir, R. 2006. Workshop Summary, Priority Watersheds Workshop, April 23-24, 2006. The U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with Southeastern Aquatic Resources Partnership and the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. 2005. North Carolina Wildlife Action Plan. Raleigh, NC.

Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation. 2005. Oklahoma Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy: Planning for the Future of Oklahoma’s Wildlife.

Olsenius, C. 2007. Personal communication. Summary memo update on Southeast Watershed Forum’s “Implementation of SWAPs in local land use planning” project.

25 Palmer, S.R., M.M. Davis, R.K. Smith, and P.L. Freeman. 2005. Aquatic Resource Conservation in the Southeastern United States: A pilot study in local and regional-scale conservation action planning. The Nature Conservancy.

Seaber, P.R., Kapinos, F.P., and Knapp, G.L. 1987. Hydrologic Unit Maps: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2294, 63 p.

South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR). 2005. South Carolina’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Columbia, SC.

Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership (SARP). 2001. Memorandum of Understanding for Establishment of a Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership. Partnership document.

Sunderland, J., J. Anderson, and J. Johnston. 2005. Designing a Future for Arkansas Wildlife: The Arkansas Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. 2005. Texas Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Austin, TX.

Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. 2005. Tennessee’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. TWRA, Nashville, TN.

Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. 2005. Virginia’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia.

26 APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGIONS LARGELY OR PARTIALLY CONTAINTED WITHIN SARP MEMBER STATE POLITICAL BOUNDARIES

APPENDIX 2: USGS HUC-8 WATERSHEDS COMMON TO MULTIPLE SARP MEMBER STATES. ORGANIZED BY INDIVDUAL STATE.

APPENDIX 3: SARP MEMBER STATE CWCS PRIORITY MAPS

APPENDIX 4: SARP MEMBER STATE (+ VA) CWCS CONTACTS

27 APPENDIX 1: USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGIONS LARGELY OR PARTIALLY CONTAINTED WITHIN SARP MEMBER STATE POLITICAL BOUNDARIES

USGS WATER RESOURCE REGION & USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED & AREA WATERSHED SARP NON- SUBREGION AREA MEMBER SARP (SQ. MILES) STATES MEMBER STATES Regions largely within SARP member-state political boundaries Region 03: South Atlantic-Gulf Subregion 0301 – Chowan-Roanoke 03010102 -- Middle Roanoke 1750 NC, VA 03010103 -- Upper Dan 2040 NC, VA 03010104 -- Lower Dan 1240 NC, VA 03010106 -- Roanoke Rapids 590 NC, VA 03010201 – Nottoway 1700 NC, VA 03010202 -- Blackwater 744 NC, VA 03010203 -- Chowan 857 NC, VA 03010204 -- Meherrin 1600 NC, VA 03010205 -- Albemarle 3750 NC, VA Subregion 0304 -- Pee Dee 03040101 -- Upper Yadkin 2420 NC, VA 03040104 -- Upper Pee Dee 861 NC, VA 03040105 -- Rocky 1420 NC, SC 03040201 -- Lower Pee Dee 2830 NC, SC 03040202 -- Lynches 1390 NC, SC 03040203 -- Lumber 1750 NC, SC 03040204 -- Little Pee Dee 1340 NC, SC 03040206 -- Waccamaw 1640 NC, SC 03040207 -- Carolina Coastal-Sampit 682 NC, SC Subregion 0305 -- Edisto-Santee 03050101 -- Upper Catawba 2350 NC, SC 03050103 -- Lower Catawba 1370 NC, SC 03050105 -- Upper Broad 2480 NC, SC Subregion 0306 -- Ogeechee-Savannah 03060101 -- Seneca 1020 NC, SC 03060102 -- Tugaloo 995 GA, NC, SC 03060103 -- Upper Savannah 1830 GA, SC 03060106 -- Middle Savannah 1850 GA, SC

28 03060109 -- Lower Savannah 916 GA, SC Subregion 0307 -- Altamaha - St. Marys 03070204 -- St. Marys 1610 FL, GA Subregion 0311 -- Suwannee 03110103 -- Aucilla 1000 FL, GA 03110201 -- Upper Suwannee 2720 FL, GA 03110202 -- Alapaha 1840 FL, GA 03110203 -- Withlacoochee 1510 FL, GA Subregion 0312 -- Ochlockonee 03120001 -- Apalachee Bay-St. Marks 1180 FL, GA 03120003 -- Lower Ochlockonee 1540 FL, GA Subregion 0313 -- Apalachicola 03130002 -- Middle Chattahoochee- 3060 AL, GA 03130003 -- Middle Chattahoochee-Walter F. George 2880 AL, GA Reservoir 03130004 -- Lower Chattahoochee 1300 AL, FL, GA 03130011 -- Apalachicola 1130 FL, GA 03130012 -- Chipola 1270 AL, FL Subregion 0314 -- Choctawhatchee - 03140103 -- Yellow 1380 AL, FL Escambia 03140104 -- Blackwater 860 AL, FL 03140106 -- Perdido 913 AL, FL 03140107 -- Perdido Bay 313 AL, FL 03140202 -- Pea 1550 AL, FL 03140203 -- Lower Choctawhatchee. 1560 AL, FL 03140304 -- Lower Conecuh 1010 AL, FL 03140305 -- Escambia 780 AL, FL Subregion 0315 -- Alabama 03150101 -- Conasauga 723 GA, TN 03150105 -- Upper Coosa 1610 AL, GA 03150108 -- Upper Tallapoosa 1400 AL, GA Subregion 0316 -- Mobile - Tombigbee 03160101 -- Upper Tombigbee 1790 AL, MS 03160103 -- Buttahatchee 863 AL, MS 03160105 -- Luxapallila 798 AL, MS 03160106 -- Middle Tombigbee-Lubbub 1650 AL, MS 03160108 -- Noxubee 1400 AL, MS 03160201 -- Middle Tombigbee-Chickasaw 2090 AL, MS 03160202 -- Sucarnoochee 956 AL, MS Subregion 0317 -- Pascagoula 03170002 -- Upper Chickasawhay 1480 AL, MS 03170003 -- Lower Chickasawhay 671 AL, MS 03170008 -- Escatawpa 1080 AL, MS 03170009 -- Mississippi Coastal 2480 AL, MS Subregion 0318 -- Pearl 03180004 -- Lower Pearl 1810 LA, MS

29 03180005 -- Bogue Chitto 1220 LA, MS Region 06: Tennessee Subregion 0601 -- Upper Tennessee 06010101 -- North Fork Holston 708 TN, VA 06010102 -- South Fork Holston 1170 TN, VA

06010103 -- Watauga 870 NC, TN 06010105 -- Upper French Broad 1870 NC, TN 06010106 -- Pigeon 679 NC, TN 06010108 -- Nolichucky 1740 NC, TN 06010202 -- Upper Little Tennessee 839 GA, NC 06010204 -- Lower Little Tennessee 1050 NC, TN 06010205 -- Upper Clinch 1970 TN, VA 06010206 -- Powell 939 TN, VA Subregion 0602 -- Middle Tennessee- 06020001 -- Middle Tennessee-Chickamauga 1870 AL, GA, Hiwassee TN 06020002 -- Hiwassee 2060 GA, NC, TN 06020003 -- Ocoee 648 GA, NC, TN Subregion 0603 -- Middle Tennessee-Elk 06030001 -- Guntersville Lake 1990 AL, GA, TN 06030002 -- Wheeler Lake 2890 AL, TN 06030003 -- Upper Elk 1270 AL, TN 06030004 -- Lower Elk 950 AL, TN 06030005 -- Pickwick Lake 2270 AL, MS, TN 06030006 -- Bear 930 AL, MS Subregion 0604 -- Lower Tennessee 06040001 -- Lower Tennessee-Beech 2080 MS, TN 06040005 -- Kentucky Lake 1810 KY, TN 06040006 -- Lower Tennessee 689 KY, TN Region 08 Lower Mississippi Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN 08010201 -- Bayou De Chien-Mayfield 957 KY, TN 08010202 -- Obion 1310 KY, TN 08010207 -- Upper Hatchie 1130 MS, TN 08010208 -- Lower Hatchie 1460 MS, TN

30 08010210 -- Wolf 813 MS, TN 08010211 -- Horn Lake-Nonconnah. 281 MS, TN Subregion 0802 -- Lower Mississippi - St. 08020100 -- Lower Mississippi-Helena 566 AR, MS Francis 08020203 -- Lower St. Francis 3480 AR, MO 08020204 -- Little River Ditches 2620 AR, MO 08020302 -- Cache 2000 AR, MO Subregion 0803 -- Lower Mississippi - Yazoo 08030100 -- Lower Mississippi-Greenville 629 AR, LA, MS 08030204 -- Coldwater 1920 MS, TN 08030208 -- Lower Yazoo 222 LA, MS 08030209 -- Deer-Steele 938 LA, MS

Subregion 0804 -- Lower Red - Ouachita 08040202 -- Lower Ouachita-Bayou De Loutre 1300 AR, LA 08040205 -- Bayou Bartholomew 1680 AR, LA 08040206 -- Bayou D'arbonne 1930 AR, LA Subregion 0805 -- Boeuf-Tensas 08050001 -- Boeuf 2890 AR, LA 08050002 -- Bayou Macon 1060 AR, LA Subregion 0806 -- Lower Mississippi - Big 08060100 -- Lower Mississippi-Natchez 548 LA, MS Black 08060202 -- Lower Big Black 1900 LA, MS 08060203 -- Bayou Pierre 1070 LA, MS 08060204 -- Coles Creek 551 LA, MS Subregion 0807 -- Lower Mississippi-Lake 08070201 -- Bayou Sara-Thompson 698 LA, MS Maurepas 08070202 -- Amite 1890 LA, MS 08070203 -- Tickfaw 729 LA, MS 08070205 -- Tangipahoa 771 LA, MS Region 11 Arkansas-White-Red Region Subregion 1101 -- Upper White 11010001 -- Beaver Reservoir 2540 AR, MO 11010003 -- Bull Shoals Lake 2600 AR, MO 11010006 -- North Fork White 1810 AR, MO 11010007 -- Upper Black 1900 AR, MO 11010008 -- Current 2600 AR, MO

31 11010009 -- Lower Black 760 AR, MO 11010010 -- Spring 1210 AR, MO 11010011 -- Eleven Point 1210 AR, MO Subregion 1104 -- Upper Cimarron 11040001 -- Cimarron headwaters 1730 OK CO, NM 11040002 -- Upper Cimarron 1750 OK CO, KS, NM 11040006 -- Upper Cimarron-Liberal 1720 OK KS 11040007 -- Crooked 1430 OK KS 11040008 -- Upper Cimarron-Bluff 1800 OK KS Subregion 1105 -- Lower Cimarron 11050001 -- Lower Cimarron-Eagle Chief 2490 OK KS Subregion 1106 -- Arkansas - Keystone 11060001 -- Kaw Lake 926 OK KS 11060002 -- Upper Salt Fork Arkansas 1080 OK KS 11060003 -- Medicine Lodge 1280 OK KS 11060004 -- Lower Salt Fork Arkansas 2340 OK KS

11060005 -- Chikaskia 2000 OK KS Subregion 1107 -- Neosho - Verdigris 11070103 -- Middle Verdigris 1500 OK KS 11070106 -- Caney 2080 OK KS 11070205 -- Middle Neosho 1420 OK KS 11070206 -- Lake O' the Cherokees 911 AR, MO, KS OK 11070207 -- Spring 2500 MO, OK KS 11070208 -- Elk 1010 AR, MO, OK 11070209 -- Lower Neosho 2170 AR, OK Subregion 1109 -- Lower Canadian 11090101 -- Middle Canadian-Trujillo 1700 TX NM 11090102 -- Punta De Agua 1560 TX NM 11090103 -- Rita Blanca 1130 OK, TX NM 11090104 -- Carrizo 864 TX NM 11090201 -- Lower Canadian-Deer 2010 OK, TX Subregion 1110 -- North Canadian 11100101 -- Upper Beaver 2710 OK, TX NM 11100102 -- Middle Beaver 1280 OK KS 11100103 -- Coldwater 1780 OK, TX 11100104 -- Palo Duro 2030 OK, TX 11100201 -- Lower Beaver 1740 OK, TX 11100203 -- Lower Wolf 1070 OK, TX

32 Subregion 1111 -- Lower Arkansas 11110104 -- Robert S. Kerr Reservoir 1780 AR, OK 11110105 -- Poteau 1860 AR, OK Subregion 1112 -- Red headwaters 11120101 -- Tierra Blanca 1910 TX NM 11120102 -- Palo Duro. 966 TX NM 11120105 -- Lower Prairie Dog Town Fork Red 1530 OK, TX 11120202 -- Lower Salt Fork Red 1260 OK, TX 11120302 -- Middle North Fork Red 1630 OK, TX 11120304 -- Elm Fork Red 878 OK, TX Subregion 1113 -- Red - Washita 11130101 -- Groesbeck-Sandy 1300 OK, TX 11130102 -- Blue-China 794 OK, TX 11130201 -- Farmers-Mud 2340 OK, TX 11130210 -- Lake Texoma 982 OK, TX 11130301 -- Washita headwaters 1460 OK, TX Subregion 1114 -- Red-Sulphur 11140101 -- Bois D'arc-Island 2010 OK, TX 11140105 -- Kiamichi 1820 AR, OK 11140106 -- Pecan-Waterhole 1460 AR, OK, TX 11140108 -- Mountain Fork 821 AR, OK 11140109 -- Lower Little 1950 AR, OK 11140201 -- Mckinney-Posten Bayous 906 AR, LA, TX 11140205 -- Bodcau Bayou 766 AR, LA 11140302 -- Lower Sulphur 1810 AR, TX 11140304 -- Cross Bayou 756 AR, LA, TX 11140306 -- Caddo Lake 1180 LA, TX Region 12 Texas-Gulf Subregion 1201 -- Sabine 12010002 -- Middle Sabine 2760 LA, TX 12010004 -- Toledo Bend Reservoir 2390 LA, TX 12010005 -- Lower Sabine 2640 LA, TX Subregion 1204 -- Galveston Bay-San Jacinto 12040201 -- Sabine Lake 1040 LA, TX Subregion 1205 -- Brazos headwaters 12050001 -- Yellow House Draw 3780 TX NM 12050002 -- Blackwater Draw 1560 TX NM 12050005 -- Running Water Draw 1620 TX NM Subregion 1208 -- Upper Colorado 12080001 -- Lost Draw 2370 TX NM 12080003 -- Monument-Seminole Draws 2680 TX NM 12080004 -- Mustang Draw 2640 TX NM 12080006 -- Sulphur Springs Draw 1720 TX NM

33 Regions partially within SARP member-state political boundaries

Region 5: Ohio Subregion 0505: Kanawha 05050001 -- Upper New 2900 NC VA Subregion 0507: Big Sandy-Guyandotte 05070201 -- Tug 1520 KY VA, WV 05070202 -- Upper Levisa 1200 KY VA 05070204 -- Big Sandy 402 KY WV Subregion 0509: Middle Ohio 05090103 -- Little Scioto-Tygarts 1020 KY OH 05090201 -- Ohio Brush-Whiteoak 2110 KY OH 05090203 -- Middle Ohio-Laughery 1400 KY IN, OH Subregion 0511: Green 05110002 -- Barren 2230 KY, TN Subregion 0513: Cumberland 05130101 -- Upper Cumberland 2300 KY, TN 05130103 -- Upper Cumberland-Lake Cumberland 1870 KY, TN 05130104 -- South Fork Cumberland 1360 KY, TN 05130105 – Obey 932 KY,TN 05130205 -- Lower Cumberland 2300 KY, TN 05130206 -- Red 1450 KY, TN Subregion 0514: Lower Ohio 05140101 -- Silver-Little Kentucky 1240 KY IN 51401040 -- Blue-Sinking 1880 KY IN 05140201 -- Lower Ohio-Little Pigeon 1370 KY IN 05140202 -- Highland-Pigeon 1000 KY IN 05140203 -- Lower Ohio-Bay 1090 KY IL 05140206 -- Lower Ohio 928 KY IL Region 7: Upper Mississippi Subregion 0710: Des Moines 07100009 -- Lower Des Moines 2110 MO IA Subregion 0711 -- Upper Mississippi-Salt 07110001 -- Bear-Wyaconda 1710 MO IA, IL 07110002 -- North Fabius 930 MO IA 07110004 -- The Sny 1960 MO IL 07110009 -- Peruque-Piasa 633 MO IL Subregion 0714 -- Upper Mississippi- 07140101 -- Cahokia-Joachim 1650 MO IL Kaskaskia-Merame 07140105 -- Upper Mississippi-Cape Girardeau 1690 MO IL Region 10: Missouri Subregion 1024 -- Missouri-Nishnabotna 10240001 -- Keg-Weeping Water 783 MO IA, NB 10240004 -- Nishnabotna 173 MO IA 10240005 -- Tarkio-Wolf 1640 MO IA, KS,

34 NB 10240010 -- Nodaway 968 MO IA 10240011 -- Independence-Sugar 915 MO KS 10240012 – Platte 1670 MO IA 10240013 -- One Hundred and Two 773 MO IA Subregion 1027 -- Kansas 10270104 -- Lower Kansas. 1640 MO KS Subregion 1028 -- Chariton-Grand 10280101 -- Upper Grand 3280 MO IA 10280102 -- Thompson. 2200 MO IA 10280103 -- Lower Grand 2330 MO IA 10280201 -- Upper Chariton 1370 MO IA Subregion 1029 -- Gasconade-Osage 10290103 -- Little Osage 535 MO KS 10290104 -- Marmaton 1080 MO KS Subregion 1030 -- Lower Missouri 10300101 -- Lower Missouri-Crooked 2650 MO KS Region 13: Rio Grande Subregion 1303 -- Rio Grande-Mimbres 13030102 -- El Paso-Las Cruces 2400 TX NM Subregion 1305 -- Rio Grande closed basins 13050003 -- Tularosa Valley 6720 TX NM 13050004 -- Salt Basin 7900 TX NM Subregion 1306 -- Upper Pecos 13060011 -- Upper Pecos-Black 4360 TX NM Subregion 1307 -- Lower Pecos 13070001 -- Lower Pecos-Red Bluff Reservoir 4430 TX NM 13070002 -- 772 TX NM 13070007 -- Landreth-Monument Draws 4270 TX NM

35 APPENDIX 2: USGS HUC-8 WATERSHEDS COMMON TO MULTIPLE SARP MEMBER STATES. ORGANIZED BY INDIVDUAL STATE. ALABAMA WATERSHED SARP USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED AREA (M2) STATES Subregion 0313 -- Apalachicola 03130002 -- Middle Chattahoochee-Lake Harding 3060 AL, GA 03130003 -- Middle Chattahoochee-Walter F. George Reservoir 2880 AL, GA 03130004 -- Lower Chattahoochee 1300 AL, FL, GA 03130012 -- Chipola 1270 AL, FL Subregion 0314 -- Choctawhatchee - Escambia 03140103 -- Yellow 1380 AL, FL 03140104 -- Blackwater 860 AL, FL 03140106 -- Perdido 913 AL, FL 03140107 -- Perdido Bay 313 AL, FL 03140202 -- Pea 1550 AL, FL 03140203 -- Lower Choctawhatchee. 1560 AL, FL 03140304 -- Lower Conecuh 1010 AL, FL 03140305 -- Escambia 780 AL, FL Subregion 0315 -- Alabama 03150105 -- Upper Coosa 1610 AL, GA 03150108 -- Upper Tallapoosa 1400 AL, GA Subregion 0316 -- Mobile - Tombigbee 03160101 -- Upper Tombigbee 1790 AL, MS 03160103 -- Buttahatchee 863 AL, MS 03160105 -- Luxapallila 798 AL, MS 03160106 -- Middle Tombigbee-Lubbub 1650 AL, MS 03160108 -- Noxubee 1400 AL, MS 03160201 -- Middle Tombigbee-Chickasaw 2090 AL, MS 03160202 -- Sucarnoochee 956 AL, MS Subregion 0317 -- Pascagoula 03170002 -- Upper Chickasawhay 1480 AL, MS 03170003 -- Lower Chickasawhay 671 AL, MS 03170008 -- Escatawpa 1080 AL, MS 03170009 -- Mississippi Coastal 2480 AL, MS Subregion 0602 -- Middle Tennessee-Hiwassee 06020001 -- Middle Tennessee-Chickamauga 1870 AL, GA, TN Subregion 0603 -- Middle Tennessee-Elk 06030001 -- Guntersville Lake 1990 AL, GA, TN 06030002 -- Wheeler Lake 2890 AL, TN 06030003 -- Upper Elk 1270 AL, TN 06030004 -- Lower Elk 950 AL, TN 06030005 -- Pickwick Lake 2270 AL, MS, TN 06030006 -- Bear 930 AL, MS

36 ARKANSAS

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES NON- AREA SARP (SQ. MILES) STATES Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN Subregion 0802 -- Lower Mississippi - St. Francis 08020100 -- Lower Mississippi-Helena 566 AR, MS 08020203 -- Lower St. Francis 3480 AR, MO 08020204 -- Little River Ditches 2620 AR, MO 08020302 -- Cache 2000 AR, MO Subregion 0803 -- Lower Mississippi - Yazoo 08030100 -- Lower Mississippi-Greenville 629 AR, LA, MS Subregion 0804 -- Lower Red - Ouachita 08040202 -- Lower Ouachita-Bayou De Loutre 1300 AR, LA 08040205 -- Bayou Bartholomew 1680 AR, LA 08040206 -- Bayou D'arbonne 1930 AR, LA Subregion 0805 -- Boeuf-Tensas 08050001 -- Boeuf 2890 AR, LA 08050002 -- Bayou Macon 1060 AR, LA Subregion 1101 -- Upper White 11010001 -- Beaver Reservoir 2540 AR, MO 11010003 -- Bull Shoals Lake 2600 AR, MO 11010006 -- North Fork White 1810 AR, MO 11010007 -- Upper Black 1900 AR, MO 11010008 -- Current 2600 AR, MO 11010009 -- Lower Black 760 AR, MO 11010010 -- Spring 1210 AR, MO 11010011 -- Eleven Point 1210 AR, MO Subregion 1107 -- Neosho - Verdigris 11070206 -- Lake O' the Cherokees 911 AR, MO, OK KS 11070208 -- Elk 1010 AR, MO, OK 11070209 -- Lower Neosho 2170 AR, OK Subregion 1111 -- Lower Arkansas 11110104 -- Robert S. Kerr Reservoir 1780 AR, OK 11110105 -- Poteau 1860 AR, OK Subregion 1114 -- Red-Sulphur 11140105 -- Kiamichi 1820 AR, OK 11140106 -- Pecan-Waterhole 1460 AR, OK, TX 11140108 -- Mountain Fork 821 AR, OK 11140109 -- Lower Little 1950 AR, OK 11140201 -- Mckinney-Posten Bayous 906 AR, LA, TX 11140205 -- Bodcau Bayou 766 AR, LA 11140302 -- Lower Sulphur 1810 AR, TX 11140304 -- Cross Bayou 756 AR, LA, TX

37 FLORIDA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES AREA (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0311 -- Suwannee 03110103 -- Aucilla 1000 FL, GA 03110201 -- Upper Suwannee 2720 FL, GA 03110202 -- Alapaha 1840 FL, GA 03110203 -- Withlacoochee 1510 FL, GA Subregion 0312 -- Ochlockonee 03120001 -- Apalachee Bay-St. Marks 1180 FL, GA 03120003 -- Lower Ochlockonee 1540 FL, GA Subregion 0313 -- Apalachicola 03130004 -- Lower Chattahoochee 1300 AL, FL, GA 03130011 -- Apalachicola 1130 FL, GA 03130012 -- Chipola 1270 AL, FL Subregion 0314 -- Choctawhatchee - Escambia 03140103 -- Yellow 1380 AL, FL 03140104 -- Blackwater 860 AL, FL 03140106 -- Perdido 913 AL, FL 03140107 -- Perdido Bay 313 AL, FL 03140202 -- Pea 1550 AL, FL 03140203 -- Lower Choctawhatchee. 1560 AL, FL 03140304 -- Lower Conecuh 1010 AL, FL 03140305 -- Escambia 780 AL, FL

38

GEORGIA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES AREA (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0306 -- Ogeechee-Savannah 03060102 -- Tugaloo 995 GA, NC, SC 03060103 -- Upper Savannah 1830 GA, SC 03060106 -- Middle Savannah 1850 GA, SC 03060109 -- Lower Savannah 916 GA, SC Subregion 0311 -- Suwannee 03110103 -- Aucilla 1000 FL, GA 03110201 -- Upper Suwannee 2720 FL, GA 03110202 -- Alapaha 1840 FL, GA 03110203 -- Withlacoochee 1510 FL, GA Subregion 0312 -- Ochlockonee 03120001 -- Apalachee Bay-St. Marks 1180 FL, GA 03120003 -- Lower Ochlockonee 1540 FL, GA Subregion 0313 -- Apalachicola 03130002 -- Middle Chattahoochee-Lake Harding 3060 AL, GA 03130003 -- Middle Chattahoochee-Walter F. George Reservoir 2880 AL, GA 03130011 -- Apalachicola 1130 FL, GA Subregion 0315 -- Alabama 03150101 -- Conasauga 723 GA, TN 03150105 -- Upper Coosa 1610 AL, GA 03150108 -- Upper Tallapoosa 1400 AL, GA Subregion 0601 -- Upper Tennessee 06010202 -- Upper Little Tennessee 839 GA, NC Subregion 0602 -- Middle Tennessee-Hiwassee 06020001 -- Middle Tennessee-Chickamauga 1870 AL, GA, TN 06020002 -- Hiwassee 2060 GA, NC, TN 06020003 -- Ocoee 648 GA, NC, TN Subregion 0603 -- Middle Tennessee-Elk 06030001 -- Guntersville Lake 1990 AL, GA, TN

39 KENTUCKY

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP NON- AREA (SQ. MILES) STATES SARP STATES Subregion 0507: Big Sandy-Guyandotte 05070201 -- Tug 1520 KY VA, WV 05070202 -- Upper Levisa 1200 KY VA 05070204 -- Big Sandy 402 KY WV Subregion 0509: Middle Ohio 05090103 -- Little Scioto-Tygarts 1020 KY OH 05090201 -- Ohio Brush-Whiteoak 2110 KY OH 05090203 -- Middle Ohio-Laughery 1400 KY IN, OH Subregion 0511: Green 05110002 -- Barren 2230 KY, TN Subregion 0513: Cumberland 05130101 -- Upper Cumberland 2300 KY, TN 05130103 -- Upper Cumberland-Lake Cumberland 1870 KY, TN 05130104 -- South Fork Cumberland 1360 KY, TN 05130105 – Obey 932 KY,TN 05130205 -- Lower Cumberland 2300 KY, TN 05130206 -- Red 1450 KY, TN Subregion 0514: Lower Ohio 05140101 -- Silver-Little Kentucky 1240 KY IN 05140201 -- Lower Ohio-Little Pigeon 1370 KY IN 05140202 -- Highland-Pigeon 1000 KY IN 05140203 -- Lower Ohio-Bay 1090 KY IL 05140206 -- Lower Ohio 928 KY IL 51401040 -- Blue-Sinking 1880 KY IN Subregion 0604 -- Lower Tennessee 06040005 -- Kentucky Lake 1810 KY, TN 06040006 -- Lower Tennessee 689 KY, TN Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN 08010201 -- Bayou De Chien-Mayfield 957 KY, TN 08010202 -- Obion 1310 KY, TN

40

LOUISIANA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED AREA SARP STATES (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0318 -- Pearl 03180004 -- Lower Pearl 1810 LA, MS 03180005 -- Bogue Chitto 1220 LA, MS Subregion 0803 -- Lower Mississippi - Yazoo 08030208 -- Lower Yazoo 222 LA, MS 08030209 -- Deer-Steele 938 LA, MS Subregion 0806 -- Lower Mississippi - Big Black 08060100 -- Lower Mississippi-Natchez 548 LA, MS 08060202 -- Lower Big Black 1900 LA, MS 08060203 -- Bayou Pierre 1070 LA, MS 08060204 -- Coles Creek 551 LA, MS Subregion 0807 -- Lower Mississippi-Lake Maurepas 08070201 -- Bayou Sara-Thompson 698 LA, MS 08070202 -- Amite 1890 LA, MS 08070203 -- Tickfaw 729 LA, MS 08070205 -- Tangipahoa 771 LA, MS Subregion 1114 -- Red-Sulphur 11140306 -- Caddo Lake 1180 LA, TX Subregion 1201 -- Sabine 12010002 -- Middle Sabine 2760 LA, TX 12010004 -- Toledo Bend Reservoir 2390 LA, TX 12010005 -- Lower Sabine 2640 LA, TX Subregion 1204 -- Galveston Bay-San Jacinto 12040201 -- Sabine Lake 1040 LA, TX

41

MISSISSIPPI

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES AREA (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0316 -- Mobile - Tombigbee 03160101 -- Upper Tombigbee 1790 AL, MS 03160103 -- Buttahatchee 863 AL, MS 03160105 -- Luxapallila 798 AL, MS 03160106 -- Middle Tombigbee-Lubbub 1650 AL, MS 03160108 -- Noxubee 1400 AL, MS 03160201 -- Middle Tombigbee- 2090 AL, MS Chickasaw 03160202 -- Sucarnoochee 956 AL, MS Subregion 0317 -- Pascagoula 03170002 -- Upper Chickasawhay 1480 AL, MS 03170003 -- Lower Chickasawhay 671 AL, MS 03170008 -- Escatawpa 1080 AL, MS 03170009 -- Mississippi Coastal 2480 AL, MS Subregion 0318 -- Pearl 03180004 -- Lower Pearl 1810 LA, MS 03180005 -- Bogue Chitto 1220 LA, MS Subregion 0603 -- Middle Tennessee-Elk 06030005 -- Pickwick Lake 2270 AL, MS, TN 06030006 -- Bear 930 AL, MS Subregion 0604 -- Lower Tennessee 06040001 -- Lower Tennessee-Beech 2080 MS, TN Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN 08010207 -- Upper Hatchie 1130 MS, TN 08010208 -- Lower Hatchie 1460 MS, TN 08010210 -- Wolf 813 MS, TN 08010211 -- Horn Lake-Nonconnah. 281 MS, TN Subregion 0803 -- Lower Mississippi - Yazoo 08030100 -- Lower Mississippi-Greenville 629 AR, LA, MS 08030204 -- Coldwater 1920 MS, TN 08030208 -- Lower Yazoo 222 LA, MS 08030209 -- Deer-Steele 938 LA, MS Subregion 0806 -- Lower Mississippi - Big Black 08060100 -- Lower Mississippi-Natchez 548 LA, MS 08060202 -- Lower Big Black 1900 LA, MS 08060203 -- Bayou Pierre 1070 LA, MS 08060204 -- Coles Creek 551 LA, MS

42 Subregion 0807 -- Lower Mississippi-Lake Maurepas 08070201 -- Bayou Sara-Thompson 698 LA, MS 08070202 -- Amite 1890 LA, MS 08070203 -- Tickfaw 729 LA, MS 08070205 -- Tangipahoa 771 LA, MS

43 MISSOURI

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES NON- AREA SARP (SQ. MILES) STATES Subregion 0710: Des Moines 07100009 -- Lower Des Moines 2110 MO IA Subregion 0711 -- Upper Mississippi-Salt 07110001 -- Bear-Wyaconda 1710 MO IA, IL 07110002 -- North Fabius 930 MO IA 07110004 -- The Sny 1960 MO IL 07110009 -- Peruque-Piasa 633MO IL Subregion 0714 -- Upper Mississippi-Kaskaskia-Merame 07140101 -- Cahokia-Joachim 1650 MO IL 07140105 -- Upper Mississippi-Cape Girardeau 1690 MO IL Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN Subregion 0802 -- Lower Mississippi - St. Francis 08020203 -- Lower St. Francis 3480 AR, MO 08020204 -- Little River Ditches 2620 AR, MO 08020302 -- Cache 2000 AR, MO Subregion 1024 -- Missouri-Nishnabotna 10240001 -- Keg-Weeping Water 783 MO IA, NB 10240004 -- Nishnabotna 173MO IA 10240005 -- Tarkio-Wolf 1640 MO IA, KS, NB 10240010 -- Nodaway 968MO IA 10240011 -- Independence-Sugar 915 MO KS 10240012 – Platte 1670 MO IA 10240013 -- One Hundred and Two 773 MO IA Subregion 1027 -- Kansas 10270104 -- Lower Kansas. 1640 MO KS Subregion 1028 -- Chariton-Grand 10280101 -- Upper Grand 3280 MO IA 10280102 -- Thompson. 2200MO IA 10280103 -- Lower Grand 2330 MO IA 10280201 -- Upper Chariton 1370 MO IA Subregion 1029 -- Gasconade-Osage 10290103 -- Little Osage 535 MO KS 10290104 -- Marmaton 1080MO KS Subregion 1030 -- Lower Missouri 10300101 -- Lower Missouri-Crooked 2650 MO KS Subregion 1101 -- Upper White 11010001 -- Beaver Reservoir 2540 AR, MO 11010003 -- Bull Shoals Lake 2600 AR, MO 11010006 -- North Fork White 1810 AR, MO 11010007 -- Upper Black 1900 AR, MO 11010008 -- Current 2600 AR, MO

44 11010009 -- Lower Black 760 AR, MO 11010010 -- Spring 1210 AR, MO 11010011 -- Eleven Point 1210 AR, MO Subregion 1107 -- Neosho - Verdigris 11070206 -- Lake O' the Cherokees 911 AR, MO, OK KS 11070207 -- Spring 2500 MO, OK KS 11070208 -- Elk 1010 AR, MO, OK

45 NORTH CAROLINA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES NON-SARP AREA STATES (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0301 – Chowan-Roanoke 03010102 -- Middle Roanoke 1750 NC, VA 03010103 -- Upper Dan 2040 NC, VA 03010104 -- Lower Dan 1240 NC, VA 03010106 -- Roanoke Rapids 590 NC, VA 03010201 – Nottoway 1700 NC, VA 03010202 -- Blackwater 744 NC, VA 03010203 -- Chowan 857 NC, VA 03010204 -- Meherrin 1600 NC, VA 03010205 -- Albemarle 3750 NC, VA Subregion 0304 -- Pee Dee 03040101 -- Upper Yadkin 2420 NC, VA 03040104 -- Upper Pee Dee 861 NC, VA 03040105 -- Rocky 1420 NC, SC 03040201 -- Lower Pee Dee 2830 NC, SC 03040202 -- Lynches 1390 NC, SC 03040203 -- Lumber 1750 NC, SC 03040204 -- Little Pee Dee 1340 NC, SC 03040206 -- Waccamaw 1640 NC, SC 03040207 -- Carolina Coastal-Sampit 682 NC, SC Subregion 0305 -- Edisto-Santee 03050101 -- Upper Catawba 2350 NC, SC 03050103 -- Lower Catawba 1370 NC, SC 03050105 -- Upper Broad 2480 NC, SC Subregion 0306 -- Ogeechee-Savannah 03060101 -- Seneca 1020 NC, SC 03060102 -- Tugaloo 995 GA, NC, SC Subregion 0505: Kanawha 05050001 -- Upper New 2900 NC VA Subregion 0601 -- Upper Tennessee 06010103 -- Watauga 870 NC, TN 06010105 -- Upper French Broad 1870 NC, TN 06010106 -- Pigeon 679 NC, TN 06010108 -- Nolichucky 1740 NC, TN 06010202 -- Upper Little Tennessee 839 GA, NC 06010204 -- Lower Little Tennessee 1050 NC, TN Subregion 0602 -- Middle Tennessee-Hiwassee 06020002 -- Hiwassee 2060 GA, NC, TN 06020003 -- Ocoee 648 GA, NC, TN

46 OKLAHOMA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES NON-SARP AREA STATES (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0802 -- Lower Mississippi - St. Francis 08020100 -- Lower Mississippi-Helena 566 AR, MS Subregion 1104 -- Upper Cimarron 11040001 -- Cimarron headwaters 1730 OK CO, NM 11040002 -- Upper Cimarron 1750 OK CO, KS, NM 11040006 -- Upper Cimarron-Liberal 1720 OK KS 11040007 -- Crooked 1430 OK KS 11040008 -- Upper Cimarron-Bluff 1800 OK KS Subregion 1105 -- Lower Cimarron 11050001 -- Lower Cimarron-Eagle Chief 2490 OK KS Subregion 1106 -- Arkansas - Keystone 11060001 -- Kaw Lake 926 OK KS 11060002 -- Upper Salt Fork Arkansas 1080 OK KS 11060003 -- Medicine Lodge 1280 OK KS 11060004 -- Lower Salt Fork Arkansas 2340 OK KS 11060005 -- Chikaskia 2000OK KS Subregion 1107 -- Neosho - Verdigris 11070103 -- Middle Verdigris 1500 OK KS 11070106 -- Caney 2080 OK KS 11070205 -- Middle Neosho 1420 OK KS 11070206 -- Lake O' the Cherokees 911 AR, MO, OK KS 11070208 -- Elk 1010 AR, MO, OK 11070209 -- Lower Neosho 2170 AR, OK Subregion 1109 -- Lower Canadian 11090103 -- Rita Blanca 1130 OK, TX NM 11090201 -- Lower Canadian-Deer 2010 OK, TX Subregion 1110 -- North Canadian 11100101 -- Upper Beaver 2710 OK, TX NM 11100102 -- Middle Beaver 1280 OK KS 11100103 -- Coldwater 1780 OK, TX 11100104 -- Palo Duro 2030 OK, TX 11100201 -- Lower Beaver 1740 OK, TX 11100203 -- Lower Wolf 1070 OK, TX Subregion 1111 -- Lower Arkansas 11110104 -- Robert S. Kerr Reservoir 1780 AR, OK 11110105 -- Poteau 1860 AR, OK Subregion 1112 -- Red headwaters 11120105 -- Lower Prairie Dog Town Fork Red 1530 OK, TX 11120202 -- Lower Salt Fork Red 1260 OK, TX 11120302 -- Middle North Fork Red 1630 OK, TX 11120304 -- Elm Fork Red 878 OK, TX

47 Subregion 1113 -- Red - Washita 11130101 -- Groesbeck-Sandy 1300 OK, TX 11130102 -- Blue-China 794 OK, TX 11130201 -- Farmers-Mud 2340 OK, TX 11130210 -- Lake Texoma 982 OK, TX 11130301 -- Washita headwaters 1460 OK, TX Subregion 1114 -- Red-Sulphur 11140101 -- Bois D'arc-Island 2010 OK, TX 11140105 -- Kiamichi 1820 AR, OK 11140106 -- Pecan-Waterhole 1460 AR, OK, TX 11140108 -- Mountain Fork 821 AR, OK 11140109 -- Lower Little 1950 AR, OK

48 SOUTH CAROLINA

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES AREA (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0304 -- Pee Dee 03040105 -- Rocky 1420 NC, SC 03040201 -- Lower Pee Dee 2830 NC, SC 03040202 -- Lynches 1390 NC, SC 03040203 -- Lumber 1750 NC, SC 03040204 -- Little Pee Dee 1340 NC, SC 03040206 -- Waccamaw 1640 NC, SC 03040207 -- Carolina Coastal-Sampit 682 NC, SC Subregion 0305 -- Edisto-Santee 03050101 -- Upper Catawba 2350 NC, SC 03050103 -- Lower Catawba 1370 NC, SC 03050105 -- Upper Broad 2480 NC, SC Subregion 0306 -- Ogeechee-Savannah 03060101 -- Seneca 1020 NC, SC 03060102 -- Tugaloo 995 GA, NC, SC 03060103 -- Upper Savannah 1830 GA, SC 03060106 -- Middle Savannah 1850 GA, SC 03060109 -- Lower Savannah 916 GA, SC

49 TENNESSEE

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED AREA SARP STATES (SQ. MILES) Subregion 0315 -- Alabama 03150101 -- Conasauga 723 GA, TN Subregion 0601 -- Upper Tennessee 06010101 -- North Fork Holston 708 TN, VA 06010102 -- South Fork Holston 1170 TN, VA 06010103 -- Watauga 870 NC, TN 06010105 -- Upper French Broad 1870 NC, TN 06010106 -- Pigeon 679 NC, TN 06010108 -- Nolichucky 1740 NC, TN 06010204 -- Lower Little Tennessee 1050 NC, TN 06010205 -- Upper Clinch 1970 TN, VA 06010206 -- Powell 939 TN, VA Subregion 0602 -- Middle Tennessee-Hiwassee 06020001 -- Middle Tennessee-Chickamauga 1870 AL, GA, TN 06020002 -- Hiwassee 2060 GA, NC, TN 06020003 -- Ocoee 648 GA, NC, TN Subregion 0603 -- Middle Tennessee-Elk 06030001 -- Guntersville Lake 1990 AL, GA, TN 06030002 -- Wheeler Lake 2890 AL, TN 06030003 -- Upper Elk 1270 AL, TN 06030004 -- Lower Elk 950 AL, TN 06030005 -- Pickwick Lake 2270 AL, MS, TN Subregion 0604 -- Lower Tennessee 06040001 -- Lower Tennessee-Beech 2080 MS, TN 06040005 -- Kentucky Lake 1810 KY, TN 06040006 -- Lower Tennessee 689 KY, TN Subregion 0801 -- Lower Mississippi-Hatchie 08010100 -- Lower Mississippi-Memphis 1110 AR, KY, MS, MO, TN 08010201 -- Bayou De Chien-Mayfield 957 KY, TN 08010202 -- Obion 1310 KY, TN 08010207 -- Upper Hatchie 1130 MS, TN 08010208 -- Lower Hatchie 1460 MS, TN 08010210 -- Wolf 813 MS, TN 08010211 -- Horn Lake-Nonconnah. 281 MS, TN Subregion 0803 -- Lower Mississippi - Yazoo 08030204 -- Coldwater 1920 MS, TN

50 TEXAS

USGS WATER RESOURCE SUBREGION USGS HUC-8 WATERSHED WATERSHED SARP STATES NON-SARP AREA STATES (SQ. MILES) Subregion 1109 -- Lower Canadian 11090101 -- Middle Canadian-Trujillo 1700 TX NM 11090102 -- Punta De Agua 1560 TX NM 11090103 -- Rita Blanca 1130 OK, TX NM 11090104 -- Carrizo 864 TX NM 11090201 -- Lower Canadian-Deer 2010 OK, TX Subregion 1110 -- North Canadian 11100101 -- Upper Beaver 2710 OK, TX NM 11100103 -- Coldwater 1780 OK, TX 11100104 -- Palo Duro 2030 OK, TX 11100201 -- Lower Beaver 1740 OK, TX 11100203 -- Lower Wolf 1070 OK, TX Subregion 1112 -- Red headwaters 11120101 -- Tierra Blanca 1910 TX NM 11120102 -- Palo Duro. 966 TX NM 11120105 -- Lower Prairie Dog Town Fork Red 1530 OK, TX 11120202 -- Lower Salt Fork Red 1260 OK, TX 11120302 -- Middle North Fork Red 1630 OK, TX 11120304 -- Elm Fork Red 878 OK, TX Subregion 1113 -- Red - Washita 11130101 -- Groesbeck-Sandy 1300 OK, TX 11130102 -- Blue-China 794 OK, TX 11130201 -- Farmers-Mud 2340 OK, TX 11130210 -- Lake Texoma 982 OK, TX 11130301 -- Washita headwaters 1460 OK, TX Subregion 1114 -- Red-Sulphur 11140101 -- Bois D'arc-Island 2010 OK, TX 11140106 -- Pecan-Waterhole 1460 AR, OK, TX 11140201 -- Mckinney-Posten Bayous 906 AR, LA, TX 11140302 -- Lower Sulphur 1810 AR, TX 11140304 -- Cross Bayou 756 AR, LA, TX 11140306 -- Caddo Lake 1180 LA, TX Subregion 1201 -- Sabine 12010002 -- Middle Sabine 2760 LA, TX 12010004 -- Toledo Bend Reservoir 2390 LA, TX 12010005 -- Lower Sabine 2640 LA, TX Subregion 1204 -- Galveston Bay-San Jacinto 12040201 -- Sabine Lake 1040 LA, TX Subregion 1205 -- Brazos headwaters 12050001 -- Yellow House Draw 3780 TX NM

51 12050002 -- Blackwater Draw 1560 TX NM 12050005 -- Running Water Draw 1620 TX NM Subregion 1208 -- Upper Colorado 12080001 -- Lost Draw 2370 TX NM 12080003 -- Monument-Seminole Draws 2680 TX NM 12080004 -- Mustang Draw 2640 TX NM 12080006 -- Sulphur Springs Draw 1720 TX NM Subregion 1303 -- Rio Grande-Mimbres 13030102 -- El Paso-Las Cruces 2400 TX NM Subregion 1305 -- Rio Grande closed basins 13050003 -- Tularosa Valley 6720 TX NM 13050004 -- Salt Basin 7900 TX NM Subregion 1306 -- Upper Pecos 13060011 -- Upper Pecos-Black 4360 TX NM Subregion 1307 -- Lower Pecos 13070001 -- Lower Pecos-Red Bluff Reservoir 4430 TX NM 13070002 -- Delaware 772 TX NM 13070007 -- Landreth-Monument Draws 4270 TX NM

52 APPENDIX 3 SARP MEMBER STATE CWCS PRIORITY MAPS

ALABAMA Source: Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR). 2005. Alabama’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. ADCNR Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries. Montgomery, AL.

Key to Priority Areas for Conservation of Aquatic GCN Species in Alabama, Figure 4-2.

124 Yellow Bluff 125 Yellowleaf Creek Bog 126 Alabama River 127 Bassett Creek 128 Bear Creek 129 Beaverdam Swamp 130 Big Canoe Creek 131 Big Swamp Creek 132 Big Yellow Creek 133 Black Warrior River 134 Blackwater River 135 Bogue Chitto Creek 136 Buckatunna River 137 Bull Mountain Creek 138 Burnt Cane Creek 139 Buttahatchee River 140 Calebee Creek 141 Calhoun County Springs 142 Cane Creek 143 Catoma Creek 144 Cedar Creek 145 146 Chestnut Creek 147 Chilatchee Creek 148 Chipola River 149 Choccolocco Creek 150 Choctawhatchee / Pea River 151 Clear Creek tributary (Bankhead NF) 152 Coal Fire Creek 153 Colvin Mountain springs 154 Conecuh / Escambia River 155 below Logan Martin Lake 156 Cypress Creek 157 Dead River Coosa/Terrapin Creek 158 Dry Cedar Creek 159 Duck Springs/Little Sand Valley Creek 160 Elk River 161 Escatawpa River

53 162 Fivemile Creek 163 164 Glenn Springs 165 Gold Branch 166 Hatchet/Weogufka Creeks 167 Hillabee Creek 168 Indian Cre ek/Kelly Spring 208 Styx / Perdido River Cooridor 169 Jackson Creek 209 Sucarnoochee River 170 Kelley/Yellowleaf/Waxahatchee Creeks 210 Swan Creek/Florence Cave Complex 171 Lake Martin tributary 211 Talladega Spring 172 Limestone Creek 212 Tallasseehatchee Creek 173 Little Mulberry Creek 213 Tallasseehatchee River and springs 174 Little River (Alabama) 214 Tapawingo Springs 175 Little River (Coosa) 215 Tennessee below Guntersville 176 Little 216 /top of Pickwick Lake 177 Little Wills Creek 217 Thomas Spring 178 Locust Fork Black Warrior 218 Tombigbee River at Gainesville 179 Lower Alabama River 219 Trussells Creek 180 Lower Black Warrior River 220 Uchee Creek 181 Lower Blackwater Creek 221 Uphapee/Chewacla/Opintlocco Creeks 182 Lower Cahaba River 222 Upper Cahaba River 183 Lower Coosa River mainstem 223 Upper Tallapoosa River 184 Lower Noxubee River 224 White Spring 185 Lower Tallapoosa River 225 Wolf/Lost Creeks 186 Lower Tombigbee River 226 Yellow Creek 187 Lubbub Creek 227 188 Luxapallila Creek 228 Yellowleaf Creek 189 Manitou Cave 190 Middle Tallapoosa River and tributaries 191 Mill Creek 192 Mobile and Tensaw Rivers/Mobile Bay 193 Mulberry Creek 194 North River 195 Paint Rock River 196 Pine Log Creek 197 Piney Creek 198 Pintalla Creek 199 Reedy/Little Reedy/Sand Hill Creeks 200 Roebuck Spring 201 Sequatchie River/Tennessee River above Guntersville 202 Shoal Creek 203 Shoal/Butler Creeks 204 Sipsey Fork Black Warrior 205 Sipsey River 206 Sofkahatchee Creek 207 Spring Creek

54 Figure 4-2, Priority Areas for Conservation of Aquatic GCN Species in Alabama.

55 ARKANSAS Source: Sunderland, J., J. Anderson, and J. Johnston. 2005. Designing a Future for Arkansas Wildlife: The Arkansas Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.

Arkansas ranked which ecobasins have more species of greatest conservation concern need and/or more greatly imperiled species. A higher score implies a larger total number of species of greatest conservation need and/or species with a greater need for conservation.

Ecobasin Sum Of Priority Scores

Ozark Highlands - White River 2520

Ouachita Mountains - Ouachita River 1694

South Central Plains - Ouachita River 1679

South Central Plains - Red River 1437

Boston Mountains - White River 1429

Mississippi Alluvial Plain - White River 1210

Ozark Highlands - 1196

Arkansas Valley - Arkansas River 1140

Boston Mountains - Arkansas River 1052

Mississippi Alluvial Plain - St. Francis River 1047

Ouachita Mountains - Arkansas River 688

Ouachita Mountains - Red River 611

Mississippi Alluvial Plain - Arkansas River 451

Mississippi Alluvial Plain (Lake Chicot) - Mississippi River 402

Mississippi Alluvial Plain (Bayou Bartholomew) - 282 Ouachita River

Arkansas Valley - White River 110

Mississippi Valley Loess Plains - St. Francis River 101

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15 11 16

4

3 6

2 1

12 10 7

5 13 14

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18 17 9

Key Ecobasins (top 5 scoring ecobasins are in red font) 1 Arkansas Valley - Arkansas River 2 Arkansas Valley - White River 3 Boston Mountains - Arkansas River 4 Boston Mountains - White River 5 Mississippi Alluvial Plain - Arkansas River 6 Mississippi Alluvial Plain - St. Francis River 7 Mississippi Alluvial Plain - White River 8 Mississippi Alluvial Plain (Bayou Bartholomew) - Ouachita River 9 Mississippi Alluvial Plain (Lake Chicot) - Mississippi River 10 Mississippi River Loess Plains - St. Francis River 11 Mississippi River Loess Plains - White River 12 Ouachita Mountains - Arkansas River 13 Ouachita Mountains - Ouachita River 14 Ouachita Mountains - Red River 15 Ozark Highlands - Arkansas River 16 Ozark Highlands - White River 17 South Central Plains - Ouachita River 18 South Central Plains - Red River

57 FLORIDA Source: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 2005. Florida’s Wildlife Legacy Initiative. Florida’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Tallahassee, Florida, USA.

Florida mapped all the aquatic habitats covered in the plan & then listed the following 3 as priorities based on the level of threat to the systems:

• Coastal Tidal River or Stream • Softwater Stream • Spring and Spring Run

Nine marine habitat categories were identified as having the highest relative threat status (Presented alphabetically):

• Beach/Surf Zone • Bivalve Reef • Coastal Tidal River or Stream • Coral Reef • Inlet • Mangrove Swamp • Salt Marsh • Submerged Aquatic Vegetation • Tidal Flat

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60 GEORGIA Source: Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Division. 2005. A Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy for Georgia. Atlanta, GA.

The following series of maps highlight the Georgia CWCS priority waters by ecoregion.

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65 KENTUCKY Source: Kentucky's Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. 2005. Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, #1 Sportsman's Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky.

The following is a map showing all aquatic priority areas by species groups, organized by U.S.G.S. 8-digit hydrologic units

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LOUISIANA Source: Lester, Gary D., Stephen G. Sorensen, Patricia L. Faulkner, Christopher S. Reid, and Ines E. Maxit. 2005. Louisiana Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Baton Rouge. 455 pp.

Louisiana has twelve water quality management basins delineated on the basis of the natural drainage patterns of the state’s major river basins. Each water quality management basin is subdivided into stream segments in which the hydraulic and water quality characteristics are fairly constant. The Pearl and Pontchartrain Basins have the highest aquatic species diversity, relative to their area, in the state and, along with the Ouachita Basin, contain the highest number of species of conservation concern (Table 2.9).

67 MISSISSIPPI Source: Mississippi Museum of Natural Science. 2005. Mississippi’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, Jackson, Mississippi.

Rank order of importance of habitats to species of greatest conservation need. Several of these habitats (e.g. ephemeral ponds, oxbow lakes) are considered “state wide” & not limited to one or more watershed.

1. Tombigbee Drainage 2. Northeast Hills, Tennessee River Drainage 3. Ephemeral (Temporary) Ponds 4. Pascagoula Drainage 5. Lower Coastal Plain, Pearl Drainage 6. Oxbow Lakes 7. Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) 8. Big Black River Drainage 9. Lower Mississippi South Drainage 10. Upper Coastal Plain, Yazoo Drainage 11. Mississippi River 12. Reservoirs 13. Coastal Rivers Drainage 14. Upper Coastal Plain,Pearl River Drainage 15. Artificial Ponds 16. Lake Ponchartrain Drainage (tie) 16. Lower Mississippi North Drainage (LMND) Hatchie And Wolf Systems (tie) 17. Beaver Ponds

68 MISSOURI Source: Tim Nigh, Missouri Department of Conservation

Missouri Department of Conservation, Aquatic Conservation Opportunity Areas. These geographies represent small watersheds to focus efforts to conserve native aquatic plant and animal communities, and the processes that sustain them.

69 NORTH CAROLINA Source: North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission.2005.North Carolina Wildlife Action Plan. Raleigh, NC.

Within sections on its major watersheds, the North Carolina CWCS identified those “priority areas” previously delineated by The Nature Conservancy, as well as “Additional Conservation Areas” identified by state planners during the development of the North Carolina CWCS.

Map 5B.1b. basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

70 Map 5B.2b. basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.3b. French basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

71 Map 5B.4b. Watauga River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.5b. New River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

72 Map 5B.6b. basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.7b. Broad River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

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Map 5B.8b. Catawba River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

74 Map 5B.9b. Yadkin-PeeDee River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

75 Map 5B.10b. Roanoke River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.11b. Cape Fear River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

76 Map 5B.12b. Neuse River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.13b. Tar-Pamlico River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

77 Map 5B.14b. Chowan River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

Map 5B.15b. Pasquotank River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

78 Map 5B.16b. Lumber River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

79 Map 5B.17b. White Oak River basin, priority species occurrences and priority areas for freshwater conservation.

80 OKLAHOMA Source: Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation. 2005. Oklahoma Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy: Planning for the Future of Oklahoma’s Wildlife.

Maps of specific watersheds were not available in the text of the plan; however, in the Appendices the SWAP referred to these maps as being a basis for their planning. The blue lines represent the aquatic priority areas & could be extrapolated to HUC 8s (or smaller, if needed). The green polygons delineate terrestrial sites of importance.

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86 SOUTH CAROLINA Source: South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR). 2005. South Carolina’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Supplemental Volume, Species and Habitats Accounts. Columbia, SC.

Data on priority watersheds is not provided in the plan. The following excerpts describe the Highest and High Priority Species by basin.

Blue Ridge Ecoregion

Santee-Blue Ridge EDU Savannah-Blue Ridge EDU

Ecobasin Common Name Scientific Name Blue Ridge - Santee Blue Ridge - Savannah Highest Priority Fishes Redeye bass Micropterus coosae X X Christmas darter hopkinsi X Crayfish Oconee stream crayfish Cambarus chaugaensis X A crayfish Cambarus sp. nov. “B” X Red Burrowing crayfish Cambarus carolinus X Snails Somatogyrus tenax/virginicus A pebblesnail (identity uncertain) X High Priority Fishes Santee chub Hybopsis zanema X "Smoky sculpin" Cottus bairdii complex X Fantail darter Etheostoma flabellare X X Turquoise darter Etheostoma inscriptum X Seagreen darter Etheostoma thalassinum X Piedmont darter Percina crassa X

87 Piedmont Ecoregion

Pee Dee-Piedmont EDU Santee-Piedmont EDU Savannah-Piedmont EDU

Piedmont Ecobasin Common Name Scientific Name Savannah Santee Pee Dee Highest Priority Fishes “Thinlip” chub Cyprinella spp. (c.f. zanema) X Sandhills chub Semotilus lumbee X X Highfin carpsucker Carpiodes sp. X X Redeye bass Micropterus coosae X X “broadtail” madtom Noturus spp. (c.f. insignis) X Etheostoma fricksium X Christmas darter Etheostoma hopkinsi X Saluda darter Etheostoma saludae X Mussels Carolina heelsplitter Lasmigona decorata X X X Creeper Strophitus undulatus X X X Yellow lampmussel Lampsilis cariosa X X Brother spike Elliptio fraterna X Triangle floater Alasmidonta undulata X Brook floater Alasmidonta varicosa X X Notched rainbow Villosa constricta X X Carolina creekshell Villosa vaughniana X Southern rainbow Villosa vibex X

88 Savannah lilliput Toxolasma pullus X Crayfish A crayfish Cambarus sp. “B” X Red burrowing crayfish Cambarus carolinusb X Mimic crayfish Distocambarus carlsonib X A crayfish Distocambarus hunterib X A crayfish Distocambarus younginerib X Oconee stream crayfish Cambarus chaugaensis* X Snails Somatogyrus tenax or Savannah pebblesnail S. virginicusa X X High Priority Fishes Santee chub Hybopsis zanema X Greenhead shiner Notropis chlorocephalus X X Quillback Carpiodes cyprinus X X "Smoky sculpin" Cottus bairdii complex X Blackbanded sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon X Etheostoma collis X Fantail darter Etheostoma flabellare X X Turquoise darter Etheostoma inscriptum X X Seagreen darter Etheostoma thalassinum X Piedmont darter Percina crassa X X Mussels Roanoke slabshell Elliptio roanokensis X Rayed pink fatmucket/ Eastern lampmusselc Lampsilis splendida/radiata X Eastern pond mussel Ligumia nasuta X Pod lance Elliptio folliculata X Crayfish A crayfish Distocambarus crockeri X Broad River spiny crayfish Cambarus spicatus X

89 Southeastern Plains Ecoregion

ACE-Southeastern Plains EDU Pee Dee-Southeastern Plains EDU Santee-Southeastern Plains EDU Savannah-Southeastern Plains EDU

Ecobasin Common Name Scientific Name ACE Pee Dee Santee Savannah Highest Priority Fishes “Thinlip” chub Cyprinella sp. (c.f. zanema) X Bridle shiner Notropis bifrenatus X Sandhills chub Semotilus lumbee X X Highfin carpsucker Carpiodes sp. X X Robust redhorse Moxostoma robustum X X Carolina pygmy sunfish Elassoma boehlkei X X Bluebarred pygmy sunfish Elassoma okatie X Savannah darter Etheostoma fricksium X X Christmas darter Etheostoma hopkinsi X Saluda darter Etheostoma saludae X

90 “Broadtail” madtom Noturus spp. (c.f. insignis) X X Mussels Southern rainbow Villosa vibex X Yellow lampmussel Lampsilis cariosa X X X Savannah lilliput Toxolasma pullus X X Brook floater Alasmidonta varicosa X Barrel floater Anodonta couperiana X X X Crayfish A crayfish Procambarus echinatus X A crayfish Cambarus reflexus X Snails Ridged lioplax Lioplax subcarinata X High Priority Fishes Bannerfin shiner Notropis leedsi X X Quillback Carpiodes cyprinus X X Blackbanded sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon X X X X Turquoise darter Etheostoma inscriptum X X Pinewoods darter Etheostoma mariae X Seagreen darter Etheostoma thalassinum X Piedmont darter Percina crassa X X Mussels Roanoke slabshell Elliptio roanokensis X X X Rayed pink fatmucket/ Eastern lampmussel Lampsilis splendida/radiata X X Eastern pondmussel Ligumia nasuta X Crayfish Sandhills crayfish Procambarus pearsei X Pee Dee lotic crayfish Procambarus lepidodactylus X X X

91 Coastal Plain Ecoregion

Ecobasin ACE Coastal Plain Pee Dee Coastal Plain Santee Coastal Plain Savannah Coastal Plain

Common Name Scientific Name Ecobasin Pee Savann ACE Dee Santee ah Highest Priority Fishes Robust redhorse Moxostoma robustum X X Carolina pygmy sunfish Elassoma boehlkei X X Bluebarred pygmy sunfish Elassoma okatie X Savannah darter Etheostoma fricksium X Broadtail” madtom Noturus spp. (c.f. insignis) X X Mussels Barrel floater Anodonta couperiana X X Waccamaw spike Elliptio waccamawensis X Yellow lampmussel Lampsilis cariosa X X X Southern rainbow Villosa vibex X X Crayfish A crayfish Procambarus echinatus X A crayfish Procambarus reflexus X High Priority Fishes Bannerfin shiner Notropis leedsi X X Blackbanded sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon X X X X

92 Mussels Rayed pink fatmucket/ Eastern lampmussel Lampsilis splendida/radiata X X X Roanoke slabshell Elliptio roanokensis X Eastern pondmussel Ligumia nasuta X Tidewater mucket Leptodea ochracea X Crayfish Waccamaw crayfish Procambarus braswelli X Pee Dee Lotic crayfish Procambarus lepidodactylus X X X Sandhills crayfish Procambarus pearsei X Snails Ridged lioplax Lioplax subcarinata X Buffalo pebblesnail Gillia altilis X

93 Coastal Zone Habitat

Forest and Wetland Habitats of the Coastal Plain Associated Species Highest Priority: Southern Hognose Snake, Wood Stork, Yellow-crowned Night Heron, American Eel High Priority: Upland Chorus Frog, Southeastern Bat, Pickerel Frog, Black Swamp Snake Moderate Priority: Wood Duck, Snapping Turtle, Pickerel Frog, Black Swamp Snake

Ocean Beaches and Transition Zones Associated Species Highest Priority: Common Ground-dove, Wilson’s Plover, Gull-billed Tern, Painted Bunting, Island Glass Lizard, Least Tern, Piping Plover, Loggerhead Turtle Moderate Priority: Eastern Woodrat Unranked: Atlantic Ghost Crab, Sheepshead Minnow

Ponds and Depressions Associated Species Highest Priority: White Ibis, Wilson’s Snipe, Flatwoods Salamander, Broad-striped Dwarf Siren High Priority: Chicken Turtle Moderate Priority: Greater Yellowlegs Unranked: Marsh Killifish, Sailfin Molly

94 Tidal Fresh and Brackish Systems Associated Species Highest Priority: Spotted Sandpiper, Black Skimmer, Lesser Scaup, Least Tern, Hickory Shad, Black Skimmer High Priority: Forster’s Tern, Spiny Softshell Turtle, Florida Green Water Snake, Moderate Priority: Banded Killifish, Bluefin Killifish Unranked: Ohio Shrimp

Estuarine Systems Associated Species Highest Priority: Louisiana (Tri-colored) Heron, Black Rail, Black Skimmer High Priority: Mink, Diamondback Terrapin, Black-bellied Plover, Bottlenose Dolphin Moderate Priority: Greater Scaup Unranked: Ribbed Mussel, Sheepshead Minnow, Mud Fiddler Crab, Cobia, Atlantic Brief Squid, Colorful Sea Whip, Southern Flounder, Finetooth Shark, Horseshoe Crab, Knobbed Whelk

Marine Ecosystem Associated Species High Priority: Bottlenose Dolphin, Black Scoter Moderate Priority: Common Loon Unranked: Hardhead Catfish, Southern Kingfish, Surf Scoter, Sheepshead, Atlantic Spadefish, Cannonball Jellyfish, Coquina Clam

95 TENNESSEE Source: Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. 2005. Tennessee’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. TWRA, Nashville, TN.

The following map illustrates the CWCS priority U.S.G.S. 14-digit hydrologic units in Tennessee

96 TEXAS Source: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. 2005. Texas Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Austin, TX.

Two priority maps from the Texas CWCS are provided. The Tier levels on Map 22 represent the priority order for Instream Flow Needs studies and are not species-based priorities. Map 24 illustrates a rank order priority for Texas coastal waters.

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99 APPENDIX 4 SARP MEMBER STATE (+ VA) CWCS CONTACTS

The following individuals are also listed as CWCS contacts for the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies

Alabama Jim McHugh Wildlife Diversity Coordinator Alabama Wildlife & Freshwater Fisheries 64 North Union Street Montgomery, AL 36130 Phone: (334) 242-3874 Fax: (334) 242-3032 [email protected]

Arkansas Jane E. Anderson State Wildlife Action Plan Coordinator Arkansas Game and Fish Commission 2 Natural Resources Drive Little Rock, AR 72205 Phone: (501) 223-6350 Fax: (501) 223-6488 [email protected]

Florida Christine Small, CWCS Coordinator Kate Haley, SWG Coordinator Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission 620 S. Meridian St. Tallahassee, FL 32399-1600 Christine: (850) 251-4553 (C) (850) 877-7748 (H/O) (850) 410-0656 x 17285 FWC [email protected] Kate Haley: (850) 410-0656 x 17320 Fax: 850-921-1847 [email protected]

100 Georgia Jon Ambrose Georgia Natural Heritage Program Wildlife Resources Division 2117 Highway 278 SE Social Circle, GA 30025 Phone: (770) 918-6411 Fax: (706) 557-3033 [email protected]

Brett Albanese Aquatic Ecologist Georgia Department of Natural Resources Non-game Wildlife & Natural Heritage 2065 US Hwy 278 SE Social Circle, GA 30025 Phone: (706) 557-3032 [email protected]

Kentucky Mark Cramer Deputy Commissioner Kentucky Dept of Fish and Wildlife Resources #1 Game Farm Road Frankfort, KY 40601 Phone: (502) 564-3400 Fax: (502) 564-0506 [email protected]

Louisiana Gary Lester Natural Heritage Program Coordinator Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries P.O. Box 98000 2000 Quail Dr. Baton Rouge, LA 70898 Phone: 225-765-2823 [email protected]

Mississippi Charles Knight Conservation Biology Coordinator Mississippi Dept of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks MS Museum of Nat. Science, 2148 Riverside Drive Jackson, MS 39202 Phone: (601) 354-7303 Fax: (601) 354-7227 [email protected]

101 Missouri Amy Buechler Comprehensive Wildlife Strategy Program Manager Missouri Department of Conservation Wildlife Division P.O. Box 180 Jefferson City, MO 65102 573.522.4115 x3154 [email protected]

North Carolina Carol Price NC Wildlife Action Plan Coordinator NC Wildlife Resources Commission 1721 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1721 Phone: (919) 707-0227 [email protected]

Oklahoma Ron Suttles Natural Resources Coordinator Oklahoma Dept of Wildlife Conservation 1801 N. Lincoln Boulevard Oklahoma City, OK 73105 Phone: (405) 521-4602 Fax: (405) 521-6535 Email: [email protected]

South Carolina Lynn Quattro CWCS Plan Coordinator South Carolina Department of Natural Resources P.O. Box 167 Columbia, SC 29202 Phone: 803-734-9094 Email: [email protected]

Jenn Rinehart Data and Monitoring Coordinator Wildlife Section, Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries South Carolina Department of Natural Resources P.O. Box 167 Columbia, SC 29202 Phone: 803-734-3746 Email: [email protected]

102 Tennessee Richard Kirk Nongame and Endangered Species Coordinator Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency P.O. Box 40747 Nashville, TN 37204 Phone: (615) 781-6619 Fax: (615) 781-6654 [email protected]

Texas Steven Bender Wildlife Planner Wildlife Diversity Branch Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 4200 Smith School Road Austin, TX 78744 Phone: (512) 389-4427 [email protected]

Virginia David Whitehurst Wildlife Diversity Director Virginia Dept of Game & Inland Fisheries 4010 W. Broad Street Richmond, VA 23230 Phone: (804) 367-0940 Fax: (804) 367-2628 [email protected]

Brian Roosa Fisheries Biologist Virginia Dept of Game & Inland Fisheries 4010 W. Broad Street Richmond, VA 23230 Phone: (804) 367-0909 [email protected]

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