Mitteilungen Der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
(Quercus Rubra L. Syn. Q. Borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: a Review
Funded by the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme of the European Union Ecology and management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: A review Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu, Torsten Vor, William L. Mason, Jean-Charles Bastien, Robert Brus, Jean-Marc Henin, Ivo Kupka, Vasyl Lavnyy, Nicola La Porta, Frits Mohren, Krasimira Petkova, Károly Rédei, Igor Stefančik, Radosław Wąsik, Sanja Perić, and Cornelia Hernea International Conference Non-native trees species for European forests, Vienna-Austria, 12-14 September 2018 1 Overview Introduction Major species characteristics Ecology of northern red oak Management of northern red oak Conclusions 2 Introduction Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) (NRO): Broadleaved tree species originating from the eastern half of the U.S.A. (32 to 47o N latitude, 62 to 96 o W longitude). Natural distribution map for Q. rubra (adapted from Little, 1971) 3 Introduction Natural range The northernmost American oak species (= 'baptised' borealis) In pure or mixed stands, along with both hardwoods (Quercus sp., Fraxinus sp., Acer sp., Populus sp., Carya sp., Juglans sp., Magnolia sp., Celtis sp., etc.) and softwoods (Pinus sp., Thuja sp.). 4 Introduction Europe Introduced in 1691: NRO seeds/seedlings were brought in to France and planted in Le Petit Trianon (vicinity of Versailles Palace). Especially in the 19th century: used in parks, gardens, arboreta, trials, as well as forest plantations, all over Europe, with the exception of the cold zone of Scandinavia. 5 Introduction Currently: NRO covers over 350,000 ha in Europe, with the most important forest areas in: - Ukraine:192,868 ha - France: 52,000 ha - Germany: 44,550 ha - Poland:15,261 ha - Hungary:13,174 ha - Slovenia:11,978 ha - Bulgaria: 9,941 ha - Netherlands: 8,696 ha On a smaller scale: found in Czech Republic (5,586 ha), Romania (ca. -
Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths
Chapter 8 Molecular Basis of Pheromonogenesis Regulation in Moths J. Joe Hull and Adrien Fónagy Abstract Sexual communication among the vast majority of moths typically involves the synthesis and release of species-specifc, multicomponent blends of sex pheromones (types of insect semiochemicals) by females. These compounds are then interpreted by conspecifc males as olfactory cues regarding female reproduc- tive readiness and assist in pinpointing the spatial location of emitting females. Studies by multiple groups using different model systems have shown that most sex pheromones are synthesized de novo from acetyl-CoA by functionally specialized cells that comprise the pheromone gland. Although signifcant progress was made in identifying pheromone components and elucidating their biosynthetic pathways, it wasn’t until the advent of modern molecular approaches and the increased avail- ability of genetic resources that a more complete understanding of the molecular basis underlying pheromonogenesis was developed. Pheromonogenesis is regulated by a neuropeptide termed Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (PBAN) that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor expressed at the surface of phero- mone gland cells. Activation of the PBAN receptor (PBANR) triggers a signal trans- duction cascade that utilizes an infux of extracellular Ca2+ to drive the concerted action of multiple enzymatic steps (i.e. chain-shortening, desaturation, and fatty acyl reduction) that generate the multicomponent pheromone blends specifc to each species. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of moth sex pheromones before expanding on the molecular mechanisms regulating pheromonogenesis, and con- clude by highlighting recent developments in the literature that disrupt/exploit this critical pathway. J. J. Hull (*) USDA-ARS, US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, USA e-mail: [email protected] A. -
The Walnut Plantations (Juglans Spp.) in Italy and Spain: Main Factors Affecting Growth
ANN ALS OF SILVIC U LTURAL RESEARCH 44 (1), 2020: 14-23 https://journals-crea.4science.it/index.php/asr Research paper Special Issue: HORIZON 2020 GA 728086 WOODnat “Second generation of planted hardwood forests in the EU” The walnut plantations (Juglans spp.) in Italy and Spain: main factors affecting growth Francesco Pelleri1, Gaetano Castro1, Maurizio Marchi1,2*, Jesus Fernandez-Moya 3, Pier Mario Chiarabaglio1, Achille Giorcelli1, Massimo Gennaro1, Sara Bergante1, Maria Chiara Manetti1, Manuela Plutino1, Claudio Bidini1, Dalila Sansone1, Ignacio Urbán-Martínez3 Received 11/06/2019 - Accepted 20/12/2019 - Published online 07/02/2020 Abstract - Walnut tree species (Juglans spp.) are commonly used for high-quality wood production in plantation forestry. In this paper, the most relevant walnut plantations in Italy and Spain have been reviewed and analysed under a geographic and techni- cian management point of view. Between 2016 and 2019 a total of 96 plantations (15 - 25 years old) were visited distributed in the North-western part of the Mediterranean basin. A statistical analysis (linear model no interaction and PCA) was then performed to evaluate the relative importance of some environmental and management variables for walnut trees in analysed plantations. Results highlighted a variable situation with many different adopted planting schemes across the regions as well as a not standardised spatial layout and management type (thinning). Lower densities and smaller trees were adopted in Italy with about 200 trees ha-1 versus 330 trees ha-1 in Spain. In addition to the age of the plantation as one of the most influencing parameters also the plantation density and the average crown diameter were highly statistically significant. -
Folk Taxonomy, Nomenclature, Medicinal and Other Uses, Folklore, and Nature Conservation Viktor Ulicsni1* , Ingvar Svanberg2 and Zsolt Molnár3
Ulicsni et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2016) 12:47 DOI 10.1186/s13002-016-0118-7 RESEARCH Open Access Folk knowledge of invertebrates in Central Europe - folk taxonomy, nomenclature, medicinal and other uses, folklore, and nature conservation Viktor Ulicsni1* , Ingvar Svanberg2 and Zsolt Molnár3 Abstract Background: There is scarce information about European folk knowledge of wild invertebrate fauna. We have documented such folk knowledge in three regions, in Romania, Slovakia and Croatia. We provide a list of folk taxa, and discuss folk biological classification and nomenclature, salient features, uses, related proverbs and sayings, and conservation. Methods: We collected data among Hungarian-speaking people practising small-scale, traditional agriculture. We studied “all” invertebrate species (species groups) potentially occurring in the vicinity of the settlements. We used photos, held semi-structured interviews, and conducted picture sorting. Results: We documented 208 invertebrate folk taxa. Many species were known which have, to our knowledge, no economic significance. 36 % of the species were known to at least half of the informants. Knowledge reliability was high, although informants were sometimes prone to exaggeration. 93 % of folk taxa had their own individual names, and 90 % of the taxa were embedded in the folk taxonomy. Twenty four species were of direct use to humans (4 medicinal, 5 consumed, 11 as bait, 2 as playthings). Completely new was the discovery that the honey stomachs of black-coloured carpenter bees (Xylocopa violacea, X. valga)were consumed. 30 taxa were associated with a proverb or used for weather forecasting, or predicting harvests. Conscious ideas about conserving invertebrates only occurred with a few taxa, but informants would generally refrain from harming firebugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus), field crickets (Gryllus campestris) and most butterflies. -
The Sex Pheromone of the Sand Sagebrush
The Sex Pheromone of the Sand Sagebrush Carpenterworm, Holcocerus artemisiae (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) Jintong Zhanga,*, Xiaoyuan Jinga, Youqing Luob, Zhanwen Lic, Shixiang Zongb, and Meihong Yanga a Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, China. Fax: (03 54-)6 28 69 90. E-mail: [email protected] b Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 00083, China c Lingwu Station of Forest Diseases and Pests Control, Ningxia, 750001, China * Author for correspondence and reprint requests Z. Naturforsch. 64 c, 590 – 596 (2009); received November 10, 2008/January 12, 2009 (Z)-5-dodecen-1-ol (Z5 – 12:OH), (Z)-5-dodecenyl acetate (Z5 – 12:Ac), and (Z)-5-tetrade- cenyl acetate (Z5 – 14:Ac) were found in the extracts of the female sex pheromone gland of the carpenterworm moth Holcocerus artemisiae Chou et Hua, a pest of Artemisia fi lifolia. The average amounts of Z5 – 12:OH, Z5 – 12:Ac, and Z5 – 14:Ac in a single sex pheromone gland of a calling moth were (7.14 ± 0.73) ng, (54.20 ± 0.34) ng, and (38.70 ± 0.46) ng, re- spectively. Electroantennography (EAG) of these compounds and their analogues demon- strated that Z5 – 12:Ac excitated the largest male EAG response, followed by Z5 – 14:Ac. Traps baited with rubber septa impregnated with Z5 – 12:Ac (500 μg/septum) and Z5 – 14:Ac (300 μg/septum) were more effective than traps with other baits or virgin females. Addition of Z5 – 12:OH to rubber septa did not enhance the trap catches, but (E,Z)-3,5-dodecadienyl acetate (E3,Z5 – 12:Ac) enhanced the trap catch. -
Goat Moth (Cossus Cossus)
Goat Moth (Cossus cossus ) Areas and status: Throughout England, south and west Wales and Highlands of Scotland; also occurs locally in Ireland. Substantial decline throughout its range. Woodland type: Upland Broadleaved Woodland, Lowland Broadleaved Woodland, PAWS, Wet Woodland, Wood-pasture and Parkland Preferred habitat niches: High forest, veteran trees, wood-pasture, parkland, glades, rides, edges, clear fell, coppice, wet woodland. Breeds on a wide range of deciduous trees and age classes. Favours damaged or stressed trees growing in damp soils and/or in sunny situations including: Willows, Poplars, Ash, Alder, Crab Apple, Apples, plus a range of other domestic fruit trees, and Oak Elm and Birch. ©Les Hill Potential habitat management issues associated with decline: Overzealous management resulting in removal of sickly looking and dying trees/branches Potential habitat management solutions: Prescription Comment Minimal intervention Retain large, veteran, sickly looking and dying trees/branches; especially if located in wet woodlands and/or sunny situations. Also retain trees with damage to their branches, trunks and/or bark. Thinning, Selective felling Carefully manage whole woodland to ensure the presence of a wide range of age classes. Especially favour those trees which have the potential to become the mature and veteran trees of the future. Manage standards Lightly thin trees (e.g. 1 tree/ha/yr) growing in areas of closed canopy; during felling, allow falling tree to damage nearby trees. Drainage Retain wet areas and if necessary, block culverts and drainage ditches. PAWS Retain all deciduous trees, including dying specimens; carefully fell and extract nearby conifers. Woodland creation (native species, If few young trees are present, create new woodland on areas of low ecological interest. -
Distribution of Carpenter-Moths (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) in the Palaearctic Deserts
ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2013, Vol. 93, No. 8, pp. 991–1004. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2013. Original Russian Text © R.V. Yakovlev, V.V. Dubatolov, 2013, published in Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 2013, Vol. 92, No. 6, pp. 682–694. Distribution of Carpenter-Moths (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) in the Palaearctic Deserts a b R. V. Yakovlev and V. V. Dubatolov aAltai State University, Barnaul, 656049 Russia e-mail: [email protected] bInstitute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091 Russia e-mail: [email protected] Received September 6, 2012 Abstract—Specific features of the carpenter-moths (Cossidae) distribution in the Palaearctic deserts are consid- ered. The Palaearctic frontier was delimited to the Arabian Peninsula (the eastern and northern parts of Arabia are attributed to the Palaearctic Region; Yemen, southwestern Saudi Arabia, and southernmost Iran belong to the Afro- tropical Region). Cossidae are highly endemic to arid areas. Some Palaearctic carpenter-moth genera penetrate to Africa southward of the Sahara Desert (an important characteristic distinguishing them from most of the other Lepidoptera). The local faunas of the Palaearctic deserts are united into 4 groups: the Sahara–Arabian–Southern- Iranian, Central-Asian–Kazakhstanian, Western-Gobian, and Eastern-Gobian. In the Eastern Gobi Desert, the fauna is the most specific; it should be considered as a separate zoogeographical subregion. DOI: 10.1134/S0013873813080071 Cossidae (Lepidoptera) is a widely distributed fam- The following areas were considered as the sites: ily comprising 151 genera with 971 species (van Neu- (1) the western part of the Sahara Desert (Morocco, kerken et al., 2011), among which 267 species occur in northern Mauritania, the Western Sahara); the Palaearctic Region (Yakovlev, 2011c). -
Diversity of the Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a Wetland Forest: a Case Study from Motovun Forest, Istria, Croatia
PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM UDC 57:61 VOL. 117, No 3, 399–414, 2015 CODEN PDBIAD DOI: 10.18054/pb.2015.117.3.2945 ISSN 0031-5362 original research article Diversity of the moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a wetland forest: A case study from Motovun forest, Istria, Croatia Abstract TONI KOREN1 KAJA VUKOTIĆ2 Background and Purpose: The Motovun forest located in the Mirna MITJA ČRNE3 river valley, central Istria, Croatia is one of the last lowland floodplain 1 Croatian Herpetological Society – Hyla, forests remaining in the Mediterranean area. Lipovac I. n. 7, 10000 Zagreb Materials and Methods: Between 2011 and 2014 lepidopterological 2 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, research was carried out on 14 sampling sites in the area of Motovun forest. Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia The moth fauna was surveyed using standard light traps tents. 3 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, Results and Conclusions: Altogether 403 moth species were recorded Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia in the area, of which 65 can be considered at least partially hygrophilous. These results list the Motovun forest as one of the best surveyed regions in Correspondence: Toni Koren Croatia in respect of the moth fauna. The current study is the first of its kind [email protected] for the area and an important contribution to the knowledge of moth fauna of the Istria region, and also for Croatia in general. Key words: floodplain forest, wetland moth species INTRODUCTION uring the past 150 years, over 300 papers concerning the moths Dand butterflies of Croatia have been published (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8). -
Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus Kuriphilus
insects Article Fine Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Milos Sevarika 1 , Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi 2 and Roberto Romani 1,* 1 Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] 2 Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, S. Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-075-585-6032 Simple Summary: Hymenoptera encompass a large group of insects with different habits, ranging from phytophagy to parasitic/predatory lifestyles. This is also true in the superfamily Cynipoidea, where phytophagy becomes highly specialized towards the exploitation of specific plant tissues (i.e., buds), leading to the induction of galls. In this paper, we investigated the organization of antennal and ovipositor sensory structures in the chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus. This insect became a major threat to chestnut production in Italy in the last 15 years. We investigated only females (this is a parthenogenetic species with thelytoky), and on the antennae we found several sensilla with the clear functional specialization to different groups of stimuli, with almost no overlapping among each sensilla. Similarly, specialization was also found on the ovipositor where groups of gustatory and mechanoreceptive sensilla were observed. This information represents an advancement in the Citation: Sevarika, M.; Rossi knowledge of this pest, which may be useful to understand the biological role of plant derived Stacconi, M.V.; Romani, R. Fine chemical cues or to implement new control methods. Morphology of Antennal and Ovipositor Sensory Structures of the Abstract: Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a gall-inducing insect, which can cause significant damage on Gall Chestnut Wasp, Dryocosmus plants of the genus Castanea Mill., 1754. -
Populus Alba
Populus alba Populus alba in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats G. Caudullo, D. de Rigo are established for wood industries, where other poplars do not perform well, for example where the water table is inaccessible or The white poplar (Populus alba L.) is a medium-sized tree commonly occurring in coastal and riparian forests of central and the soil is poor or saline. In such cases, the wood can be used for southern Europe. Its wide range covers from the Mediterranean region to Central Asia. It is a fast-growing pioneer tree, biomass energy, as pulpwood for paper, for packaging (crates and which thrives in borders and sunny habitats in sandy alluvial soils and dunes. Its reproduction is primarily by root suckers boxes), pellets and partially as saw-logs. Plant density on pure arising from lateral roots from which it forms dense and large colonies. It is used as an ornamental tree appreciated for plantations can be higher than other poplars and the rotation its attractive double-coloured foliage, as a windbreak and for dune stabilisation thanks to its tolerance of salt winds. The reaches 18-25 years2, 6, 15. It is widely planted as an ornamental white poplar is free from threatening diseases, while it is considered an aggressive invasive species in North America, New tree in parks and gardens, for its attractive double-coloured Zealand and South Africa. This poplar covers an important ecological role as a component of floodplain mixed forests, which foliage2, 6. Poplar leaves could be used as cattle feed and as are ecosystems with very high biodiversity and that are strongly threatened by human activities. -
Price-List 2020
Biochemtech SRL Price-list 2020 Pheromone lures (page 1-18) Ready to use pheromone set (page 19-22) Traps (page 23-24) House insect products (page 25) Price categories (page 26) PHEROMONE LURES Catalogue Pest by latin name Pest by common name number AAB0001 Acalymma trivittatum stern Spotted Cucumber Beetle AAB0002 Acalymma vittatum Striped Cucumber Beetle AAB0003 Acleris rhombana Fruit tree tortrix AAB0004 Acrobasis nuxvorella Pecan Nut Case Bearer AAB0005 Acrobasis vaccinii Cranberry fruitworm AAB0006 Acrolepiopsis assectella Leek Moth AAB0007 Adoxophyes orana Summer fruit Tortrix AAB0008 Agriotes lineatus Lined Click Beetle AAB0009 Agriotes obscurus Dusky Wireworm AAB0010 Agriotes sordidus Click beetle AAB0011 Agriotes species Click beetle AAB0012 Agriotes spp Agriotes wireworm AAB0013 Agriotes sputator Common click beetle AAB0014 Agriotes ustulatus Click beetle AAB0015 Agrotis andina Quinoa cutworm phone: +373-22-926135 web: biochemtech.eu m/phone: +373-68361010 address: Str. Mesterul Manole 12, MD 2052, Chisinau, Moldova m/phone: +373-79569298 e-mail: [email protected] Page 1 of 25 Biochemtech SRL AAB0016 Agrotis exclamationis Heart and dart moth AAB0017 Agrotis ipsilon Black Cutworm AAB0018 Agrotis orthogonia Pale Western Cutworm AAB0019 Agrotis segetum Turnip Moth AAB0020 Ambrosia Beetle AAB0021 Amyelois transitella Navel orange worm AAB0022 Anarsia lineatella Peach Twig Borer AAB0023 Anastrepha fraterculus South African Fruit Fly AAB0024 Anastrepha ludens Mexican Fruit Fly AAB0025 Anomala rufocuprea Soybean beetle AAB0026 Anoplophora -
Part III. Pests of Selected Forest Tree Species
PART III Pests of selected forest tree species PART III Pests of selected forest tree species 143 Abies grandis Order and Family: Pinales: Pinaceae Common names: grand fir; giant fir NATURAL DISTRIBUTION Abies grandis is a western North American (both Pacific and Cordilleran) species (Klinka et al., 1999). It grows in coastal (maritime) and interior (continental) regions from latitude 39 to 51 °N and at a longitude of 125 to 114 °W. In coastal regions, it grows in southern British Columbia (Canada), in the interior valleys and lowlands of western Washington and Oregon (United States), and in northwestern California (United States). Its range extends to eastern Washington, northern Idaho, western Montana, and northeastern Oregon (Foiles, 1965; Little, 1979). This species is not cultivated as an exotic to any significant extent. PESTS Arthropods in indigenous range The western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis) and Douglas-fir tussock moth (Orgyia pseudotsugata) have caused widespread defoliation, top kill and mortality to grand fir. Early-instar larvae of C. occidentalis mine and kill the buds, while late- instar larvae are voracious and wasteful feeders, often consuming only parts of needles, chewing them off at their bases. The western balsam bark beetle (Dryocoetes confusus) and the fir engraver (Scolytus ventralis) are the principal bark beetles. Fir cone moths (Barbara spp.), fir cone maggots (Earomyia spp.), and several seed chalcids destroy large numbers of grand fir cones and seeds. The balsam woolly adelgid (Adelges piceae) is a serious pest of A. grandis in western Oregon, Washington and southwestern British Columbia (Furniss and Carolin, 1977). Feeding by this aphid causes twigs to swell or ‘gout’ at the nodes and the cambium produces wide, irregular annual growth rings consisting of reddish, highly lignified, brittle wood (Harris, 1978).