NI 43-101 Technical Report RIO CRISTAL RESOURCES CORP
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i: COVER PAGE NI 43-101 Technical Report RIO CRISTAL RESOURCES CORP. Bongará Zinc Project Prepared for: Rio Cristal Resources Corp. Prepared by: John Adrien Brophy, P. Geol. Effective Date: January 31, 2012 January 9, 2013 ii: SIGNATURE PAGE The effective date of this report entitled “Rio Cristal Resources Corp., Bongará Zinc Project”, is January 31, 2012 Signed by John A. Brophy, P. Geol., member in good standing of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists (NAPEG), member number 1276. (signed) “John A. Brophy” _______________________________________ 2 iii: CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFIED PERSON Name: John A. Brophy Address: #226 Calle 31, Corpac, San Isidro, Lima, Peru, S.A. Occupation: Independent consulting geologist Qualifications: Graduate of McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (BSc honours, geology, 1972) Thirty-nine years of continuous exploration experience on four continents exploring for a variety of commodities including gold, copper, zinc, lead, uranium and silver. Experience includes evaluation of MVT deposits in Canada (Pine Point, Nanisivik, Polaris) and probable MVT deposits in Peru (Accha, Condorini). Seventeen years of continuous exploration experience in Peru. Professional Associations: Member #1276 of NAPEG (Northwest Territories and Nunavut Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists) Qualified Person: The author is an “independent qualified person” in accordance with definitions stipulated in National Instrument 43-101 Property Inspection: The Bongará Project, which is the subject of this report, was visited by the author twice, once on January 26-27, 2011 and once on June 9-11, 2011. Responsibility: The author is responsible for a 43-101 technical report entitled “Rio Cristal Resources Corp., Bongará Zinc Project”, with an effective date of January 31, 2012. Independence: The author is not an officer, director, or employee of Rio Cristal Resources or of any company that is affiliated with Rio Cristal Resources. The author has neither received nor expects to receive shares, benefits, or any other consideration besides fair remuneration for the preparation of this report. The author has not earned the majority of his income during the preceding three years from Rio Cristal Resources or from any company that is affiliated with Rio Cristal Resources. Technical Information: The author certifies that, to the best of his knowledge, this technical report includes all the required scientific and technical information necessary to ensure that the report is not misleading. Compliance: The author has read National Instrument 43-101 and confirms that this technical report has been prepared in compliance with that Instrument. (signed) “John A. Brophy” ___________________ John A. Brophy NAPEG member 1276 Dated: January 9, 2013 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS i: COVER PAGE .............................................................................................................................1 ii: SIGNATURE PAGE .....................................................................................................................2 iii: CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFIED PERSON ........................................................................................3 TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................................................4 SECTION 1: SUMMARY .................................................................................................................8 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................8 1.2 RCR’s 2011 Exploration Program at Bongará .......................................................................8 1.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................9 1.4 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 10 1.4.1 Rio Cristal Estimated Exploration Budget - 24 Months: .............................................. 12 SECTION 2: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 13 SECTION 3: RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS ................................................................................. 15 SECTION 4: PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ................................................................. 16 4-1: LOCATION ....................................................................................................................... 16 4-2: PROPERTY AND TITLE IN PERU ......................................................................................... 16 4-3: ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS .................................................................................... 17 4-4: TENURE ........................................................................................................................... 18 4-4-1: MINERAL CLAIMS ..................................................................................................... 18 4-4-2:AGREEMENTS ............................................................................................................... 20 4-4-3: ROYALTIES AND OTHER TAXES .................................................................................. 20 4-4-4: HOLDING COSTS ....................................................................................................... 21 4-4-5: SURVEY .................................................................................................................... 21 4-4-6: SURFACE RIGHTS ...................................................................................................... 21 4-5: ENVIRONMENTAL ........................................................................................................... 21 4-6: SOCIOECONOMICS .......................................................................................................... 22 SECTION 5: ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL INFRASTUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY .................. 23 5-1: ACCESSIBILITY ................................................................................................................. 23 5-2: CLIMATE ......................................................................................................................... 23 5-3: LOCAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................... 23 5-4: PHYSIOGRAPHY, FAUNA AND FLORA ............................................................................... 24 SECTION 6: HISTORY .................................................................................................................. 25 SECTION 7: GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION .......................................................... 27 4 7-1: REGIONAL GEOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 27 7-2: PROPERTY GEOLOGY ....................................................................................................... 28 7-2-1: LITHOLOGIES ............................................................................................................ 28 7-2-2: STRUCTURE .............................................................................................................. 30 7-2-3 ALTERATION .............................................................................................................. 35 7-3: PROSPECTS AND OCCURRENCES...................................................................................... 37 7-4: MINERALIZATION ............................................................................................................ 50 7-4-1: PARAGENESIS AND ZONING ..................................................................................... 50 SECTION 8: DEPOSIT TYPES ........................................................................................................ 52 SECTION 9: EXPLORATION .......................................................................................................... 54 9-1: SOIL SAMPLING ............................................................................................................... 54 9-2: ROCK SAMPLING ............................................................................................................. 58 9-3: STREAM SEDIMENT SAMPLING ....................................................................................... 62 SECTION 10: DRILLING................................................................................................................ 65 10-1: DRILLING, CRISTAL AND CHARLITA PROJECTS ................................................................ 65 10-2: DRILLING, SAN JOSE PROJECT ........................................................................................ 69 SECTION 11: SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSES AND SECURITY ................................................. 71 SECTION 12: DATA VERIFICATION ............................................................................................... 72 SECTION 13: MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING .......................................... 73 SECTION 14: MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES ............................................................................ 74 SECTION 15: MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES ............................................................................... 75 SECTION 16: MINING