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Introduction Wijaya et al (2020): Improving professionalism of physical education teachers Feb 2021 Vol. 24 Issue 3 Improving Professionalism of Physical Education Teachers in Bali Province by Using a Lesson Study Model based on Balinese Local Wisdom Made Agus Wijaya1*, I Nyoman Kanca1, I Ketut Yoda2, I Ketut Iwan Swadesi2, Rifqi Festiawan3 1 Physical Education, Sport and Health Program, Sport and Health Faculty 2 Sport Science Progam, Sport and Health Faculty, Ganesha University of Education, Bali 3Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Health Science, Jenderal Soedirman University *Corresponding author: Made Agus Wijaya, Jalan Kresna Gang I No. 10 Singaraja, Bali,[email protected] Abstract Introduction: Balinese Local Wisdom includes Tri Hita Karana (a harmonious relationship between God - Humans - Environment), Tri Kaya Parisudha (thinking, saying and doing good) and traditional Balinese games . Objective: This study aims to develop a lesson study model based on Balinese local wisdom in increasing the professionalism of Physical Education (PE) teachers inbasiceducationin Bali. Method: This research development employs the Fenrich model, includes6 phases, namely: 1) analysis;2) planning; 3) design;4) development; 5) implementation; and6) evaluation and revision. This article focuses on the implementation phase. The study was conducted in four elementary and junior high schools that took place in Badung regency, Buleleng regency, Jembrana regency, Karangasem regency, and Klungkung regency. Data collection techniques used were: PE class observation sheet, Formative Class Evaluation (FCE) questionnaire and the analysis of the focus learning. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The results showed:1) the PE teacher's activities in providing motion task, feedback and evaluation were carried out as much as 55.71% in the core learning activities, 2) the active time allotment provided by the PE teacher was in the average of 73 minutes of 120 minutes from learning time, 3) the number of student's direct engagement was 85.0%, and 4) the average FCE score was 2.82 from a maximum score of 3.00. Conclusion: Based on the data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that a lesson study model based on Balinese local wisdom was very well implemented and was able to improve the professionalism of PE teachers inbasiceducation in Bali province. Keywords: lesson study, Balinese local wisdom, PE teacher How to cite this article: Wijaya MA, Kanca IN, et al (2021): Improving professionalism of physical education teachers in Bali Province by using a lesson study model based on Balinese local wisdom, Ann Trop Med & Public Health; 24(S03): SP24332. DOI: http://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24332 INTRODUCTION Educational system in Indonesia includes elementary school (SD), junior high school (SMP), and senior high school (SMA) has various conditions in terms of academic qualifications, the quality and quantity of PE (Physical Education) teachers, and the existence of facilities and infrastructure that give influence to the PE teachers’ performances to achieve different stages. The 2006 National survey conducted by PE database (PDPJOI) Asdep Ordik Kemenpora Republic of Indonesia on 2.382 education units in 13 regencies showed that the national average score has only reached 520 out a maximum score 1.000 (52%). It can be seen from 3 conditions of PE, namely facilities and infrastructures, teachers, and the performance in the last one year. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health http://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24332 Wijaya et al (2020): Improving professionalism of physical education teachers Feb 2021 Vol. 24 Issue 3 Disturbing phenomena related to learning process especially PE subject, are easy to be found in daily activity as well as reports of national and international research, such as: (1) sedentary lifestyle, including watching TV, video, playing games which experienced by about 2/3 children, especially in the developing country (WHO, 2002), (2) there is still an understanding comes from internal school circles who believe that PE subject is a boring subject, wasting time, and disrupting children’ intellectual development [9], (3) the physical fitness level of the people in Bali is still in the low category [7]. The data was based on Sport Development Index (SDI) Bali province in 2005, the physical fitness index of people in Bali is still in the range of 0.334 – 0.363 from the maximum index 1.000, (4) deviant behavior among adolescents is getting higher and more varied. The problem of deviant behavior of motorcycle gangs, brawls among students, the use of drugs, and sexual deviance are frequently happened and become headlines of national newspaper. Harian Kompas newspaper 27 November 2007 edition wrote the result of research conducted in 4 cities (Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, and Medan) showed that 44% adolescents age 14-18 years experienced sexual relations before marriage, and (5) A competent PE teachers who can handle or manage their subjects are still difficult to be found. This kind of teacher makes the students like, appreciate, and take their focus in following the learning process. Therefore, it influences to the active and healthy lifestyle in daily life [13]. In order to improve the condition of the national PE subject which is not ideal yes as mentioned above, an effective and consistent policies and development steps up to the level of the education are required . One of the breakthroughs especially in the aspect of managing PE learning is by conducting lesson study by the PE teachers. According to Hendayana, 2007 (as cited in Ardana, 2009: 3), a lesson study is one of the in-service training models which focused on empowering teachers based on the capacity and problem faced during learning. Lesson study is a practice-based professional development where teachers work together to do a research and plan, implement, and observe the lesson, and afterwards reflect on children’s learning [1]. Besides, lesson study is a process of investigating teaching with the goal of instructional improvement [12]. Moreover, lesson study is also a form of professional development where teachers collaboratively design research lessons and improve instruction using the evidence, they have gathered on student learning and development [4]. Generally, lesson study has three stages, namely: (1) planning, (2) implementation, and (3) repeated reflection. Planning stage aims to designing learning that can be used to conducting a learning process with the studentcentered (low structure social system). Well-prepared planning cannot be done alone by a teacher but it will be better by doing it together with colleagues, therefore it can enrich the ideas. The implementation is the second stage in lesson study. In this stage, a learning design at the planning stage will be implemented into the real learning process in school. This stage aims to test the effectiveness of the learning strategies that have been formulated. Moreover, a model teacher will implement the lesson plan in class, while the colleague doing observation (as observer). The focus of observation is aimed to the interaction between teacher-students, students-environment, and among students. The third stage of lesson study is reflection. After the learning process is done, a discussion is held between the model teacher and the observer and it will be led by a designated team member. In order to optimize the data obtained through learning observation, reflection should be done shortly after learning is over (at the same day). Reflection is started with conveying an impression of the presenter (model teacher) toward the learning which being carried out, then it will be continued by explaining the observation result by the observers, especially related to the student activity. In this reflection stage, solution toward weaknesses of learning is sought so that the learning design and implementation becomes relatively better. Balinese people as the indigenous social community have a norms concept that set daily life to be harmonious. These norms are Tri Hita Karana and Tri Kaya Parisudha. As a local wisdom, Balinese indigenous people believe in being able to live longer and happier, therefore, they apply three principles of harmonious life, namely: Parhyangan(divineness to the God), Pawongan(human being), and Palemahan(nature or environment). Besides. According to Subagia, et al (2016) Tri Hita Karana concept emphasizes three human relationships in life, namely: Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health http://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2021.24332 Wijaya et al (2020): Improving professionalism of physical education teachers Feb 2021 Vol. 24 Issue 3 (1) relationship between human to the God (Parhyangan), (2) relationship among humans (Pawongan), and (3) relationship between human to the environment (Palemahan). Meanwhile, according to Adnyana and Citrawathi (2017), there is also another concept called Tri Kaya Parisudha. It has three main concepts, namely: good in thinking (Manacika), good in communicating (Wacika), and good in doing something (Kayika). Traditional Balinese sports games is one of Balinese local wisdom that needs to be developed. Related to the statements above, by conducting this research, the lesson study and Balinese local wisdom can be developed to improve the professionalism of PE teacher for basic education in Bali province. METHOD This research is classified as research development that refers to the Fenrich model which includes 6 phases, namely: 1) analysis phase,
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