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GOOD DESIGN TOHELP YOU ... Reaigcseq~E~S~T:Io:N:S~ ___ GOOD DESIGN Diagrams of useful or difficult ideas Topic guide shows Subheads break TOHELP you what's covered content into YOU ... in each chapter manageable bits Topic Guide """-....._ \..1_ .....: .. _ ... ....- .............__ ~.-."" •___ ...... .. 0..,....1. -.- ..I,......., ... ~'- (ot)... _C6 -'--"'hI,,-. ___ ...... _ ....... .-.-1 ••,. .... dt., ... --.-·............ ,...., " _ __ IQ~o.- ........__ ~~ dr r..... lJ.. .,'Iot~...... ==.. o--.In. ..................__ .... #...--.... ............ .,..........-. ~ .........."" .. """ .... ___...... .. .or._~.. Digestion ..... --..,.. ,..... ..................... .............Iooor........ eoI_ ........ _ ... -_ ................ - .... --.-'.. ...",.,...--.. .»-_ .. ""' .......... _ _.... ---_..... ............................ -.......,.-.1....... ........"""---.. .... "'" n....~.. _.,,.. .. __ 'II...... ... ....................... ...-..- .. -~'-_ ........... The key facts for ......... _ ........ n. ...,--_ ............, .. _ _ ----~+1~---------------------- ~~~~~~~M~=-....., lit .......~_ ..._ 0 ..1,.... 1_'-.1 ,... "'--'..... ....,- .......,.. - .........._... ~ ...... the exam DIGESTION ......-"" ....... ...uoI_ --......... ...'-........_ - .. ....-1..,.... .. ... __. 4'1 ~"~ -' .... ..........--""'0..- •• AND -"-.......... - ..... - ...................... ~ """'... _"' .... .. -' - 1M.... ABSORPTION ._ ....t ...""_., ......_ ...............~ 7he CirculatOf)' System .......... r~_ ... ..-.. otw..... ,.., , --,.,..., ....... ,.. _ _ 111 _ "':'.::.~~!~--.. - .... ....-. ...... __ .............. -'n..•.. ......... _'""' . .. ___ "' . ..... ........... ""' ... ........- ... ,----...-. ...... _,",".1__--_.-., _ ... ............. , ... .-"'"n..WI+oI -.....---"'......- __ _ ..... "'~...... -.. .... .--. 7heHearl -- - At.. __ Jl_JI_ ..._ ._ ......, .. --..._~_.. _lOO,.._ ...... .... ..-n..,................... ... .............. ~----._.10_,.,._~.. -,-- .· _...... __ ... 1... _- .....·_""-'1 .... -"' • ...,n.. ......_______ -- .. .... ... -"II ~--t"_ ... "'_._ - .. ",".. --- ... ~ .ots....-- ......... ..... 1 ~ . .....__ .... ~w...... u ......_ .. _In..-.l_ ..._ __ ~Iu.IIInooI~"'_ 1..1"'-....!1... ~,,__ doo.,... ~•• """,.,_""" __ IUII",,,~,,. ...... __ .._ ....._ .... -....-.,.I. O"_"pn.oj .....- _.t.odro....t.,....nl____ .. w.;"...... ::''i::-~!.~.''''n....... ilV ..,...t.o. Rolli:..,j....... ..- ...~_, ....... J I I ) • :; • i ~I .. i ::!;:=~-..... .....-..."",~.. Self-test pages hone your skills on the • structured, multiple­ ReaIGCSEq~e~s~t:io:n:s~real thing ____---------- -====-=---~-;~~~~~===========.====j~ choice and free­ ... r/I •.-PIr· ,'" response questions ~··.... h_"""" .. '... """·,... ·•• .....~ ·-;=--"'.....-... I,. .... for you to try : ~.::-- • show you how , .- you are doing • Full answers and guide at end of chapters ~ •. u ......... Worked examples • . .....' "" .. ; ........I .. ..-. ~ show you the answers ~ the examiners expect [;J,, TD REVISE Check Your S abus On the Day of the Exam It is useful to obtain a l ~~l)aItJrom your Board and use • Ensure that yo te, time and place for it to plan a revision timet nsure that the timetable each paper of the arks lost from a missed covers all aspects of the s s. Allow eight to twelve exam can never be ~f'eiCQ1I1'ii~ weeks for complete revisi the subject. • Arrive for th e..~ in of time. It would be most unfortu e late for an occ;asion for which you ha preparing for the last two or three years. • Check that you have the materials (pen, pencil, ruler, rubber, compass) you need in working order a uld be fit and fresh . before entering the exam room. • g regular exercise and • When the question paper is given out, fill in the details required at the head of the paper, e.g. name, t of yourself if you work exam number, centre number, number of answer ft~~~~~ one hour or so. After sheet, number of questions, etc. this time, relax, go or a wa ,playa game, etc., and • Read carefully all instructions, so you know: then return refreshed for a further period of study. 1. The time allowed for the whole paper. All sensory channels should be used for revision. 2. The number of questions that you must answer; • Speak the material, either to yourself, to friends do not answer more than are required. who are studying the same subject or into a tape 3. Whether or not there is a compulsory question. recorder, should one be available, for later playback Before the exam, check this point by studying and comparison with the text. previous papers and the syllabus instructions. • Write out the material and practise drawing. Al­ Always follow the instructions. ways compare these efforts with the information • Subtract five minutes from the time allowed. Use given in the texts and continue to practise until the this for reading through the question paper. Use a work becomes accurate. further five minutes at the end of the exam to check • Use memory aids such as key words or phrases. what you have written. Divide the remainder of the • Obtain copies of previous exam papers. Notice the time by the number of questions that you have to style in which the questions are set. Work through answer, to give a rough idea of the length of time the questions and then look up the parts which you you have for each question. have answered incorrectly or have not remembered. • At the end of the exam, ensure that the papers of the • It is often useful to put revision notes on index script are in the correct order and that all of your cards. These can be used for final revision just work is collected. before the exam. Making individual notes is cer­ tainly preferable to relying on ready-prepared ones! • ABOVE ALL, AITEMPT TO UNDERSTAND ALL WORK THAT IS BEING LEARNED. JiHEEKAM BOARDS WANT Chapters in 'Work Out () () CJ CJ UJ UJ Human Biology GCSE' CJ (/) « """') L5 UJ UJ UJ ...J ~ (/) z z 3: 1 Introduction x x x x x x 2 Man's Relationship with Other Living Organisms x x x x x x 3 Cells, Organ Systems and Solutions x x x x x x 4 Nutrition, Food and Diet x x x x x x 5 Digestion and Absorption x x x x x x 6 Transport x x x x x x 7 Breathing Mechanism and Respiration x x x x x x 8 Homeostasis x x x x x x 9 Support, Muscles and Locomotion x x x x x x 10 Sense Organs x x x x x x 11 Co-ordination x x x x x x 12 Reproduction and Growth x x x x x x 13 Inheritance and Family Planning x x x x x x 14 Disease x x x x x x 15 Health and Hygiene x x x x x x 16 Community Health x x x x x x x Relevance of chapter contents to syllabus London and East Anglian Group (LEAG) Southern Examining Group (SEG) Northern Examining Association (NEA) c/o University of London School c/o The Associated Examining Board c/o Joint Matriculation Board Examination Board Stag Hill House Oxford Road University of London Publications Office Guildford Manchester M15 52 Gordon Square Surrey GU2 5XJ London EC1 E 6EE Welsh Joint Education Committee Northern Ireland Schools Examinations (WJEC) Midland Examining Group (MEG) Council (NISEC) 245 Western Avenue c/o University of Cambridge Local Examinations Office Cardiff CF5 2YX Examinations Syndicate Beechill House Syndicate Buildings Beechill Road Hills Road Belfast BT9 4RS Cambridge CB1 2EY ASSES Three Types of Questions Differentiated Papers Multiple-choice Questions All questions in this book (including multiple-choice questions) are targeted at the GCSE grade range C-G, Most boards only set the completion type illustrated in unless specifically stated alongside of the question. All this book. You select the correct answer by carefully GCSE examining groups have differentiated papers reading each response A to E. If the correct answer is not targeted at different grade ranges. Those papers targeted at first obvious, then try to eliminate the four incorrect at higher grade ranges, e.g. A-C, A-E or A-G, have answers according to the question. For example: more difficult questions and are indicated by an asterisk Some fat is essential in the diet of people living in the following the examining group details. tropics because: The examining groups have the following differenti­ A fat is a very good source of heat energy ated papers: B some vitamins are soluble only in fat LEAG - Papers 1 and 2 C-G or Papers 1 and 3 A-E C fat forms an insulating layer in the skin MEG - Papers 1 and 2 C-G plus Paper 3 A-C o the liver can manufacture sugar from fat NEA - Papers 1 and 2P C-G or Papers 1 and 2Q A-E E fat is essential for life in cold climates NISEC - Papers 1 and 2 C-G plus Paper 3 A-G A, C and E are wrong and can be eliminated because SEG - Papers 1 and 2 C-G plus Paper 3 A-G they refer to retaining heat rather than losing heat, WJEC - Paper 1 C-G or Paper 2 A-D which is the point made specifically in the stem, i.e. 'in Some groups have questions that start with similar data the tropics'. 0 is incorrect, so that B is the correct in the differentiated papers, but in the higher grade response. papers the questions are extended further and test higher skills than the lower grade papers. Examples of Structured Short-answer Questions these parallel questions for lower and higher grades can be seen in the book. These have limited answers, since they must be written Do remember that the grades given in this book are within the space provided. A single-word answer may only approximate. The number of marks needed for a have one line, while a slightly more extended answer particular grade will vary from question to question and may have two or three lines. Be brief, and be guided by from Board to Board. When you are marking the the marks allocated. Two marks indicate two main questions, note that there are no half marks and so there points to be given, and so on. are no marks for an answer that is only half right! Some boards set structured short-answer questions without the spaces provided and then it is up to you to judge and present the answers very briefly to the correct length. School-based Assessment of Structured Free-response Questions Practical Skills These demand a short piece of extended prose as an The assessment of practical skills forms 20% of the answer.
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