OF FLORIDA LIBR a R IES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with Funding from University of Florida, George A
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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBR A R IES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Florida, George A. Smothers Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/panarnacanalrevie1311pana 0. PAN___ CANAL EIV y ICH GET AoGE COp E/V (L AL L*Sd NCESST p_ I ~~In~G Olyiktow a~ee Page 2) 4 - PANXA ALJOSEPH (X ,oit, Press Officer ROBERT J. FLEMING, JR, Governor-President Publications Editors DAVID S. PARKER. Lieutenant Governor VROBERT D. KERR and JuLio E. BRicENo FRANK A. BALDWIP Official Panama Canal Publication CEditorial Assistants Panama (anal Information Officer Published monthly at Balboa Heights. , C.Z. EUICE RICRARD, TOB BITTEL, and ToiAs A. CUPAS Printed at the Printing Plant, Mount Hoepe,(C.Z. Distributed free of charge to all Panama Canal Employees. Subscriptions, $1 a year; mall and back copies, 10 cents each. I J r I mde payable to the P aama Cnal C mp d ube male tit Box M. Il bo Heightc. CZ. Edit~fa Ofices are loae inth A4m C 'Wilding, I It, Ileight., CZ Index Man of Destiny - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - 3 "El Anericano"-Bullfighter - - ----------- 5 Isthmus Industry _ _ _- -- 6 -- 8 Pure Water for You - - - 8 Filling a Gap in Education 11 Canal History, Retirements - 12 Anniversaries - _- _ _ _ _ _ 13 Promotions and Transfers - - 14 New Director - - - - ------------------- 15 Shipping - - - - - - - ------------------- 16 o. nd a JVew took EFFECTIVE with this issue, THE PANAMA CANAL REviEw is being made available to all employees without charge. The step is being taken to help keep all employees ON OUR COVER is a view looking south along a section of the informed on Canal programs, projects, and original right-of-way of the Panama Railroad on the west bank of procedures which affect the employees. the Canal, with a sketch of a locomotive of those days as it would Believing that better understanding today have looked "coming 'round the bend." makes for a better future tomorrow, the In right foreground of the picture are two 44-cubic-yard Canal administration thinks all employees scrapers on approach to a spoil area in the latest project area for should take advantage of this opportu- widening of the Canal channel from 300 to 500 feet. nity to improve their knowledge of the Above is the same view 4 weeks later, by which time the objectives, goals, and activities of the contractor, \Ioretti-Harrison, had leveled the hilly jungle terrain organization and other Canal employees. tt, the left, removing 607,682 cubic yards of earth and rock. Trces The policy of providing retirees with a an both pictures identify the area as the same. And note the ship year's free subscription upon retirement transiting at left in the above picture. will be continued, as will the policy of subscriptions being available to non- A dozen years before the French Canal Company had started employees of the Canal organization at ups rations on the Isthmus (in 1879), the Panama Railroad already $1 per year. i dl irried more than 400,000 passengers and transported some IIappy reading! S million in coin and 300,000 sacks of snail. 2) JUNE 7, 1963 HE LIBERATED lands which now5 are a v iade the struggle for indepen- attitude that was the most powerful nations of more than 40 million people denec a path to satisfy personal greed. was to alienate some of them from him and more than 2 million square miles. Greatly impressed by the writings of and sow the seeds of disunion already His dreams for a federation of nations Rousseau and Voltaire, he was an elo- clearly apparent by the time of his never materialized, but through the quent spokesman for individual liberty, death. political ferment of more than a century an unyielding foe of slavery and oppres- A poet, soldier, and statesman, Boli- has evolved a Pan-American units of sion. ie freed his own slaves and made var was a warrior, rather than a strate- approach to common problems possibly freeing of all slaves a basic point of gist. It was riot until after 1817, when more lastingly effective. Differences in the liberation ideals. He shared an he began to emulate Napole6n, that heritage, geography, topography, arid development background might have proven fatal to a federation. He, of course, is Simon Bolivar. In tl e t his honor arid in tribute to his memory, June 22 is observed as Bolivarian Dayo It was on that day in 1826 that the first Pan-American Congres, called together by "The Liberator," met in Panama. The historic noting of American s ao sj<i force of the late 18th and battles he directed showed d any sub- Presidents held in Panania City in 1956 1 th ,A itr <s stantial signs of following studied plans Mcanwo hile, however, to the probably had its pr( ede ot in the lolis ar f It since rely that any "elite" of attack. of his foes, he proved himself a Panama Congress of 1826. should b " onl o the basis of merit, disma On t arlr ntor o n and had no interest, despite his patri- master of improvising. Onthe lirhe meorbhe asion, -I h ate o ieain hr a the young nations of the Western Hemi- cian background, in perpetuating priv- In the battles for liberation, tbere v as sphere met for the first time to deliber- ilegu s not based on or earned by merit. too therag resvolt rdox against painEngland bgiaimig in North aid ate on matters of common and vital This along with his efforts to prevent America, had presented to its overseas interest. In 1956, w\,hen the Presidents' the nations leaders from profiting per- colonial subjects in South America the meeting brought to the Isthmus 19 sonally from the struggle. dependente spectacle of aiding revolt of foreign heads of American States, inter-Amer- colonies. The United States had von ican relationships were established its independence in 1783. whose full values still remain to be i dnec in 1783. --"F Once called a "po-wder keg" by appraised from the7 persp etive of tutor, iin hii youth, Bolivar is said to history. have retorted, "Be careful, don't come Bolivar liberated the territories now near me. I might explode." When he making up Venezuela, Colombia, Ecua- did explode, as leader of the liberation, ended. dor, Peru, and Bolivia. le broke the 3 centuries of Spaish rule were declared his heart Spanish power in South America and Bolivar himself served as ruler of Venezuela, Colombia, as "mouldec for liberty and justice." and Ecuador and dictator of Peru-all Destiny played a part, however, by before his death in 1830 at the age putting a man such as he in the right of 47. place at the right time, and by taking His greatest battles each liberated a his wife from him by death. There has country. The course of military cam- been speculation that if he had not paigns for independence of these lands suffered this early loss, his tempestuous led his legions over a route of about strengths might have been calmed into 3,000 miles. a quiet life concentrated on home, wife, Born to the upper class, Bolivar had and family, only contempt for those who would In the coronation of Napole6n, Boli- var had visions of authoritarian rule for himself, directed first of all at unifica- "How beautiful it would be if the tion, although dreams of personal fame Isthmus of Panama were for us like that could not help but play a subordinate of Corinth was to the Greeks. I hope role. Once respected and admired by that some day we have the good fortune Bolivar, in later years Napole6n was to of holding there an august Congress by become to him a "dishonest tyrant." representatives of the Republics, King- In Rome, in 1805, surrounded bs doms, and Empires in order to discuss reminders of mythical and historic th interests of peace and war with the heroes, gre t mint siho made Rome nations of the other three parts of great Bolivar took a solemn vow on the world." aronte Bar t a wol e vw s (This, from his Letter from Jamaica, in Mont Sacro that he would liberate his 1815, is the inscription at the base of the country. Bolivar statue in the plaza in Panama City Wars for the liberation were to span that bears his name. It is located at Fourth 14 vears and include setbacks with Street and Avenue B, in front of the old is hi~h military or political astuteness NationalnTc t hurch and near theT could riot cope A severe earthquake in TnE PANAMA CANAL REViEW 3 1512, 2 yeanr after the patriots had over- and then build canals connecting the ulous, torn as he was between divided throwni the Spanish regime in Vene- Atlantic and Pacific. loyalties, conflicting courses of action, zutl a, Was regarded by many of the As early as 1819, rivalries between and discouragements over uprisings, if suiperstitious as a judgment of God Venezuela and New Granada, trifling in he always had been above reproach. against the First Republic. It was nature at the time, pointed to future At Potosi, in what was to become exploittd in favor of the Spanish cause danger zones. As distrustful of the Bolivia, he declared: anLd marked the start of the physical "gentle philosophers of Colombia" as of "In 15 years of continuous and ter- and moral collapse of the Republic. the wildest of his fighters, Bolivar rific strife, we have destroyed the edifice Bolivar's real greatness in his early declared they wanted to create repub- that tyranny erected during 3 centuries ears lax in the fact that each defeat- lics like the Greek, the Roman, or the of usurpation and uninterrupted vi- antd there were many-found him ready North American (all with different olence," and he said of the rich silver to re-examine his ideas, confess mis- backgrounds), and asserted that they veins which were Spain's treasury for takes, and begin the hazardous course "build a Greek structure on a Gothic 300 years, "this material wealth is as all over again.