DOCSLIB.ORG

Basic Toxinology 11

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

20th World Congress of the International Society on Toxinology "Toxinology in the 21st century: Public health impact from basic, translational and clinical sciences" POSTER SESSIONS ABSTRACTS 08 – 13 September, 2019 Buenos Aires, Argentina INDEX Page Posters Session I Academic Posters Session I 2 Topic A: Public Health Issues 2 Topic B: Basic Toxinology 11 Topic C: Clinical Toxinology 25 Topic D: Toxinological Technologies 33 Student Posters Session I 39 Posters Session II Academic Posters Session II 79 Topic B: Basic Toxinology 79 Student Posters Session II 119 1 ACADEMIC POSTERS SESSION I Topic A: Public Health Issues PURIFICATION OF HYALURONIDASE FROM NAJA MELANOLEUCA BINTA KURFI VENOM AND PRODUCTION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES. THE CHALLENGES AND SPECIFICITIES OF THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE FERNANDO VAZQUEZ OF ANTIVENOMS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF OPHIDIAN ACCIDENTS IN RIVERSIDE Jacqueline A. COMUNITIES OF RIOS SOLIMÕES AND JURUÁ RIVERS IN THE STATE Sachett G. OF AMAZONAS: CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-NOTIFIED CASES. DEVELOPMENT OF A HANDBOOK FOR PREVENTION AND Rodríguez Javier ATTENTION OF ACCIDENTS BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS IN COLOMBIA Buitrago Rodríguez VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS FOR THE SNAKE BITES IN COLOMBIA Javier Buitrago OPTIMIZATION BY FACTORIAL ANALYSIS OF F(AB´)2 GENERATION FROM HYPERIMMUNE EQUINE PLASMA FOR ANTIVENOM Matías Fingermann PREPARATION EFFICIENT EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION OF RECOMBINANT SPHINGOMYELINASE D FROM LOXOSCELES LAETA IN LEPIDOPTERAN Matías Fingermann LARVAE AS A CANDIDATE FOR ANTISERUM PRODUCTION IMPLICATIONS OF SNAKE VENOM VARIATION ON ANTIVENOM Alejandro Alagón NEUTRALIZATION: THE CASE OF NORTH AMERICAN VIPERS 2 1 PURIFICATION OF HYALURONIDASE FROM NAJA MELANOLEUCA VENOM AND PRODUCTION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES. Ibrahim Muazu Shanono, Binta G. Kurfi Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. Petroleum Technology Development Fund, Nigeria. Snakebite is a worldwide environmental and occupational hazard with significant morbidity and mortality. Snakebite involves subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of venom into prey/human victims. The pathology of snakebite depends upon the concentration and also on the rate at which toxins diffuse into the systemic circulation for transport to their site(s) of action. Hyaluronidase, being ubiquitous enzyme in animal venoms, has not been well studied despite its crucial role in toxins diffusion. This research aimed at purification of hyaluronidase from Naja melanoleuca (Forest cobra) venom and production of its polyclonal antibody as a potential vaccine candidate. Hyaluronidase was purified from Naja melanoleuca venom through two steps of purification: Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The purified hyaluronidase has molecular weight of approximately 54 KDa on SDS-PAGE. Purified hyaluronidase and N. melanoleuca venom were used to produce antiserum in rabbit according WHO guidelines for antivenom production (WHO, 2010). Both the antiserum raised against purified hyaluronidase and N. melanoleuca venom neutralized LD50 concentration of N. melanoleuca venom hyaluronidase in vitro in a volume dependent manner. Also In vivo neutralization assay showed that 140 µl of both the antiserum inhibited mouse death 100%, where as 30 and 70µl increased the survival time of envenomed mouse when pre-incubated with LD50 of N. melanoleuca venom. Both the antiserum raised against N. melanoleuca venom and its purified hyaluronidase were capable of neutralizing hemorrhagic effects induced by N. melanoleuca venom in mice. This finding showed that hyaluronidase plays a critical role in snake venom systemic toxicity and can be targeted as potential candidate for snakebite therapy. 3 2 THE CHALLENGES AND SPECIFICITIES OF THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE OF ANTIVENOMS Raúl Soria, Fernando Vazquez INOSAN BIOPHARMA Introduction: Antivenom is the only treatment able to eliminate the venom from the body and thereby to prevent from its toxic effect. Over 95% of animal envenoming, mainly snakes or scorpions, occur in rural areas of the developing world where patients are managed in facilities with very limited infrastructure and resources. This makes safety reporting and evaluation of antivenom quite challenging. It is key to understand the specificities related to envenoming management in order to adequately ensure the pharmacovigilance of antivenoms. Methods and Results: Clinical manifestations of envenoming are heterogeneous as they depend on many factors including the animal species, the amount of injected venom and the time elapsed from bite or sting. Envenoming can induce adverse events such as allergic reaction similar to those associated to antivenoms making differential diagnosis difficult. In addition, patients are often admitted to hospital emergency or intensive care units which do not have adequate pharmacovigilance system especially in developing countries. Antivenoms often have various potencies and/or different dosage instructions from a product to another, not to mention the worrying issue of counterfeit and substandard drugs. The suspected adverse reactions must be notified and subsequently evaluated for the causality assignment through algorithms. An adaptation of the Naranjo’s algorithm specific to antivenoms is proposed here in order to improve the sensitivity and specificity of causality grades. The validity of this proposal will need to be confirmed by prospective clinical study. Conclusion: Stakeholders from hospitals to manufacturers should take all necessary steps in order to guarantee an adequate pharmacovigilance of antivenoms. A better causality assessment of adverse reactions such as proposed here will contribute to improve safety assessment of antivenoms. This will help to fulfill one the WHO strategic goals which are to ensure access to safe, effective and affordable antivenoms worldwide. 4 3 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF OPHIDIAN ACCIDENTS IN RIVERSIDE COMUNITIES OF RIOS SOLIMÕES AND JURUÁ IN THE STATE OF AMAZONAS: CHARACTERISTICS OF NON- NOTIFIED CASES. Jacqueline A. G. Sachett, João Arthur Alcântara, Guilherme Kemeron Maciel Salazar, Altair Seabra Farias, Fernando Fonseca de Almeida Val, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro Universidade do Estado do Amazonas Fundação Alfredo da Matta Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado Snakebite accidents are considered an important factor for the severity and mortality of victims from rural areas and with little access to health services, as is the case of the riverside population of the state of Amazonas. The aim was to describe the epidemiological profile of accident victims in riverine populations of two rivers in the state of Amazonas, the "Snowball" technique was used, structured by a questionnaire applied during on-site interviews during the expedition at the Fluvial Basic Unit of January to April 2019. 157 victims of ophidian accidents were interviewed, 82 cases in the Solimões River (52.23%) and 75 cases (47.77%) in Juruá, mainly caused by the genus Bothrops (112 cases, 71.34%), being the majority male (140 cases/89.17%), aged between 16 and 45 years (72 cases/45.86%), with predominance of accidents in the lower limbs (125 cases/79.61%). Of the respondents in the Solimões River, the majority sought medical care (60.98%), unlike those interviewed in the Juruá River, where the majority (74.67%) did not seek care. The main reasons for not seeking care were mainly because the patients did not want or accept care (57 cases, 64.77%), also because they had no idea that they needed help or because they prioritized alternative medicine; and because they did not have the financial conditions or structure for the locomotion until the care (37 cases, 42.05%). The banks of notifications as well as the epidemiological data presented in several studies sometimes do not show the real health conditions of certain populations, especially those coming from places of difficult access such as the riverside. This study can bring data that contribute to the identification of the characteristics of the accidents as well as the influence of the culture and the popular traditions in the life of these people for ophidian accidents. 5 4 DEVELOPMENT OF A HANDBOOK FOR PREVENTION AND ATTENTION OF ACCIDENTS BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS IN COLOMBIA Javier Rodríguez Buitrago, Shadya Uribe Viviescas Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada In Colombia, near of 100 cases of snake bite accidents weekly were reported only in 2018. With respect to other kinds of accidents, exist lack of epidemiological records and knowledge by the population, technicians and health professionals. The deficiencies in communitary education against the risk factors for accidents by poisonous animals, their prevention and proper administration of first aids are related with inadequate practices such as suction, the use of tourniquets, application of organic material, incisions, among others that are harmful. By the wide presence of the Military Forces in the Colombian territory, there are vulnerable to these accidents, but also becomes an opportunity to give education for the prevention of this and other risks to population. A web search was made focused on the handbooks for the prevention and attention of accidents by poisonous animals with emphases on primary health care and community education in Colombia, and on the recommended interventions for the attention of bites and stings by poisonous animals and measures for the prevention of cases through the use of MeSH terms how: Bites and Stings AND First Aid, Bites and Stings AND prevention
Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Diversity, Habitat Loss and Conservation in South

    Phylogenetic Diversity, Habitat Loss and Conservation in South

    Diversity and Distributions, (Diversity Distrib.) (2014) 20, 1108–1119 BIODIVERSITY Phylogenetic diversity, habitat loss and RESEARCH conservation in South American pitvipers (Crotalinae: Bothrops and Bothrocophias) Jessica Fenker1, Leonardo G. Tedeschi1, Robert Alexander Pyron2 and Cristiano de C. Nogueira1*,† 1Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de ABSTRACT Brasılia, 70910-9004 Brasılia, Distrito Aim To analyze impacts of habitat loss on evolutionary diversity and to test Federal, Brazil, 2Department of Biological widely used biodiversity metrics as surrogates for phylogenetic diversity, we Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G. St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, study spatial and taxonomic patterns of phylogenetic diversity in a wide-rang- USA ing endemic Neotropical snake lineage. Location South America and the Antilles. Methods We updated distribution maps for 41 taxa, using species distribution A Journal of Conservation Biogeography models and a revised presence-records database. We estimated evolutionary dis- tinctiveness (ED) for each taxon using recent molecular and morphological phylogenies and weighted these values with two measures of extinction risk: percentages of habitat loss and IUCN threat status. We mapped phylogenetic diversity and richness levels and compared phylogenetic distances in pitviper subsets selected via endemism, richness, threat, habitat loss, biome type and the presence in biodiversity hotspots to values obtained in randomized assemblages. Results Evolutionary distinctiveness differed according to the phylogeny used, and conservation assessment ranks varied according to the chosen proxy of extinction risk. Two of the three main areas of high phylogenetic diversity were coincident with areas of high species richness. A third area was identified only by one phylogeny and was not a richness hotspot. Faunal assemblages identified by level of endemism, habitat loss, biome type or the presence in biodiversity hotspots captured phylogenetic diversity levels no better than random assem- blages.
  • On Elevation-Related Shifts of Spring Activity in Male Vipers of the Genera

    On Elevation-Related Shifts of Spring Activity in Male Vipers of the Genera

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 31_3_4 Autor(en)/Author(s): Stümpel Nikolaus, Zinenko Oleksander, Mebert Konrad Artikel/Article: on elevation-related shifts of spring activity in male vipers of the genera Montivipera and Macrovipera in Turkey and Cyprus 125-132 StuempelZinenkoMebert_Spring_activity_Montivipera-Macrovipera:HERPETOZOA.qxd 12.02.2019 15:04 Seite 1 HERPEToZoA 31 (3/4): 125 - 132 125 Wien, 28. Februar 2019 on elevation-related shifts of spring activity in male vipers of the genera Montivipera and Macrovipera in Turkey and Cyprus (squamata: serpentes: Viperidae) Zur höhenabhängigen Frühjahrsaktivität männlicher Vipern der Gattungen Montivipera und Macrovipera in der Türkei und Zypern (squamata: serpentes: Viperidae) NikolAus sTüMPEl & o lEksANdR ZiNENko & k oNRAd MEbERT kuRZFAssuNG der zeitliche Ablauf von lebenszyklen wechselwarmer Wirbeltiere wird in hohem Maße vom Temperaturregime des lebensraumes bestimmt. in Gebirgen sinkt die umgebungstemperatur mit zunehmender Höhenlage. deshalb liegt es nahe, anzunehmen, daß die Höhenlage den Zeitpunkt des beginns der Frühjahres - aktivität von Vipern beeinflußt. um diesen Zusammenhang zu untersuchen, haben die Autoren im Zeitraum von 2004 bis 2015 in der Türkei und auf Zypern den beginn der Frühjahrshäutung bei männlichen Vipern der Gattun - gen Montivipera und Macrovipera zwischen Meereshöhe und 2300 m ü. M. untersucht. sexuell aktive Männchen durchlaufen nach der Winterruhe und vor der Paarung eine obligatorische Frühjahrshäutung. im Häutungsprozeß werden äußerlich klar differenzierbare stadien durchschritten, von denen die Eintrübung des Auges besonders auffällig und kurzzeitig ist. dieses stadium ist daher prädestiniert, um den nachwinterlichen Aktivitätsbeginn zwischen Populationen unterschiedlicher Höhenlagen miteinander zu verglei - chen.
  • Redalyc.ACCIÓN DEL ANTIVENENO BOTRÓPICO POLIVALENTE

    Redalyc.ACCIÓN DEL ANTIVENENO BOTRÓPICO POLIVALENTE

    Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública ISSN: 1726-4642 [email protected] Instituto Nacional de Salud Perú Yarlequé, Armando; Vivas, Dan; Inga, Rosío; Rodríguez, Edith; Adolfo Sandoval, Gustavo; Pessah, Silvia; Bonilla, César ACCIÓN DEL ANTIVENENO BOTRÓPICO POLIVALENTE SOBRE LAS ACTIVIDADES PROTEOLÍTICAS PRESENTES EN LOS VENENOS DE SERPIENTES PERUANAS Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, vol. 25, núm. 2, 2008, pp. 169-173 Instituto Nacional de Salud Lima, Perú Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=36311608002 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2008; 25(2):169-73. ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL ACCIÓN DEL ANTIVENENO BOTRÓPICO POLIVALENTE SOBRE LAS ACTIVIDADES PROTEOLÍTICAS PRESENTES EN LOS VENENOS DE SERPIENTES PERUANAS Armando Yarlequé1,a, Dan Vivas1,a, Rosío Inga1,a, Edith Rodríguez1,a, Gustavo Adolfo Sandoval1,a, Silvia Pessah2,b, César Bonilla2,a RESUMEN Los venenos de las serpientes peruanas causantes de la mayoría de accidentes ofídicos, contienen enzimas proteolíticas que pueden degradar proteínas tisulares y plasmáticas, así como causar hipotensión y coagulación sanguínea. Objetivos. Evaluar la capacidad inhibitoria del antiveneno botrópico polivalente al estado líquido producido por el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Perú (INS) sobre las actividades caseinolítica, coagulante y amidolítica de los venenos de Bothrops atrox, Bothrops brazili, Bothrops pictus y Bothrops barnetti. Materiales y métodos. Se usaron en cada caso sustratos como caseína, fibrinógeno bovino y el cromógeno benzoil-arginil-p-nitroanilida (BApNA) respectivamente, y se midieron los cambios en los valores de la actividad enzimática a ½, 1 y 2 dosis del antiveneno tanto al estado natural como calentado a 37 °C durante cinco días.
  • Cobia Database Articles Final Revision 2.0, 2-1-2017

    Cobia Database Articles Final Revision 2.0, 2-1-2017

    Revision 2.0 (2/1/2017) University of Miami Article TITLE DESCRIPTION AUTHORS SOURCE YEAR TOPICS Number Habitat 1 Gasterosteus canadus Linné [Latin] [No Abstract Available - First known description of cobia morphology in Carolina habitat by D. Garden.] Linnaeus, C. Systema Naturæ, ed. 12, vol. 1, 491 1766 Wild (Atlantic/Pacific) Ichthyologie, vol. 10, Iconibus ex 2 Scomber niger Bloch [No Abstract Available - Description and alternative nomenclature of cobia.] Bloch, M. E. 1793 Wild (Atlantic/Pacific) illustratum. Berlin. p . 48 The Fisheries and Fishery Industries of the Under this head was to be carried on the study of the useful aquatic animals and plants of the country, as well as of seals, whales, tmtles, fishes, lobsters, crabs, oysters, clams, etc., sponges, and marine plants aml inorganic products of U.S. Commission on Fisheries, Washington, 3 United States. Section 1: Natural history of Goode, G.B. 1884 Wild (Atlantic/Pacific) the sea with reference to (A) geographical distribution, (B) size, (C) abundance, (D) migrations and movements, (E) food and rate of growth, (F) mode of reproduction, (G) economic value and uses. D.C., 895 p. useful aquatic animals Notes on the occurrence of a young crab- Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum 4 eater (Elecate canada), from the lower [No Abstract Available - A description of cobia in the lower Hudson Eiver.] Fisher, A.K. 1891 Wild (Atlantic/Pacific) 13, 195 Hudson Valley, New York The nomenclature of Rachicentron or Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum Habitat 5 Elacate, a genus of acanthopterygian The universally accepted name Elucate must unfortunately be supplanted by one entirely unknown to fame, overlooked by all naturalists, and found in no nomenclator.
  • New Records and Rediscovery of Some Snakes from Gökçeada (Imbros), Turkey

    New Records and Rediscovery of Some Snakes from Gökçeada (Imbros), Turkey

    BIHAREAN BIOLOGIST 12 (1): 17-20 ©Biharean Biologist, Oradea, Romania, 2018 Article No.: e171305 http://biozoojournals.ro/bihbiol/index.html New records and rediscovery of some snakes from Gökçeada (Imbros), Turkey Batuhan Yaman YAKIN, Utku ŞAHİN, Ulvi Kerem GÜNAY and Cemal Varol TOK* Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100, Çanakkale, Turkey. *Corresponding author, C.V. Tok, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 04. April 2017 / Accepted: 04. August 2017 / Available online: 05. October 2017 / Printed: June 2018 Abstract. In this study, we rediscovered some snake species after quite a long time during the fieldwork in 2014 and 2015 on Gökçeada (Imbros). Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768), which was found in Kaleköy, and Elaphe sauromates (Pallas, 1811), which was detected and photographed around the Education and Resting Association, Ministry of Justice, Republic of Turkey in the vicinity of Şirinköy, were new records for the island’s snake fauna. All specimens except E. sauromates (Pallas, 1811), were found dead in the field. Morphological features of N. tessellata were examined in detail and results were compared with previous studies. Locality information and measurable and countable features of the other specimens are given. Key words: Reptilia, Snakes, new record, rediscovery, Imbros, Gökçeada, Turkey. Introduction Length (SVL), Tail Length (TL), some other pholidotic features and localities are given below (Fig. 1). Elaphe sauromates (Pallas, 1811) Gökçeada mainly consist of volcanic rocks and covers an was found by a staff member of the Ministry of Justice, Republic of Turkey, and released after being photographed. Therefore, morpho- area of 285.5 km2 (Seçmen & Leblebici 1977).
  • Effects of Brazilian Scorpion Venoms on the Central Nervous System

    Effects of Brazilian Scorpion Venoms on the Central Nervous System

    Nencioni et al. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases (2018) 24:3 DOI 10.1186/s40409-018-0139-x REVIEW Open Access Effects of Brazilian scorpion venoms on the central nervous system Ana Leonor Abrahão Nencioni1* , Emidio Beraldo Neto1,2, Lucas Alves de Freitas1,2 and Valquiria Abrão Coronado Dorce1 Abstract In Brazil, the scorpion species responsible for most severe incidents belong to the Tityus genus and, among this group, T. serrulatus, T. bahiensis, T. stigmurus and T. obscurus are the most dangerous ones. Other species such as T. metuendus, T. silvestres, T. brazilae, T. confluens, T. costatus, T. fasciolatus and T. neglectus are also found in the country, but the incidence and severity of accidents caused by them are lower. The main effects caused by scorpion venoms – such as myocardial damage, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema and shock – are mainly due to the release of mediators from the autonomic nervous system. On the other hand, some evidence show the participation of the central nervous system and inflammatory response in the process. The participation of the central nervous system in envenoming has always been questioned. Some authors claim that the central effects would be a consequence of peripheral stimulation and would be the result, not the cause, of the envenoming process. Because, they say, at least in adult individuals, the venom would be unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. In contrast, there is some evidence showing the direct participation of the central nervous system in the envenoming process. This review summarizes the major findings on the effects of Brazilian scorpion venoms on the central nervous system, both clinically and experimentally.
  • Setting Conservation Priorities for the Moroccan Herpetofauna: the Utility of Regional Red Listing

    Setting Conservation Priorities for the Moroccan Herpetofauna: the Utility of Regional Red Listing

    Oryx—The International Journal of Conservation Setting conservation priorities for the Moroccan herpetofauna: the utility of regional red listing J uan M. Pleguezuelos,JosE´ C. Brito,Soum´I A F ahd,Mo´ nica F eriche J osE´ A. Mateo,Gregorio M oreno-Rueda,Ricardo R eques and X avier S antos Appendix 1 Nomenclatural and taxonomical combinations scovazzi (Zangari et al., 2006) for amphibians. Chalcides for the Moroccan (Western Sahara included) amphibians lanzai (Caputo & Mellado, 1992), Leptotyphlops algeriensis and reptiles for which there are potential problems re- (Hahn & Wallach, 1998), Macroprotodon brevis (Carranza garding taxonomic combinations; species names are fol- et al., 2004) and Telescopus guidimakaensis (Bo¨hme et al., lowed by reference to publications that support these 1989) for reptiles are considered here as full species. Macro- combinations. The complete list of species is in Appendix 2. protodon abubakeri has been recently described for the Agama impalearis (Joger, 1991), Tarentola chazaliae region (Carranza et al., 2004) and Hemidactylus angulatus (Carranza et al., 2002), Chalcides boulengeri, Chalcides recently found within the limits of the study area (Carranza delislei, Chalcides sphenopsiformis (Carranza et al., 2008), & Arnold, 2006). Filtering was not applied to species of Timon tangitanus, Atlantolacerta andreanszkyi, Podarcis passive introduction into Morocco, such as Hemidactylus vaucheri, Scelarcis perspicillata (Arnold et al., 2007), turcicus and Hemidactylus angulatus. The three-toed skink Hyalosaurus koellikeri
  • Mechanistic Insights Into Functional Characteristics of Native Crotamine

    Mechanistic Insights Into Functional Characteristics of Native Crotamine

    Toxicon 146 (2018) 1e12 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Toxicon journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicon Mechanistic insights into functional characteristics of native crotamine Daniel Batista da Cunha a, Ana Vitoria Pupo Silvestrini a, Ana Carolina Gomes da Silva a, Deborah Maria de Paula Estevam b,Flavia Lino Pollettini b, Juliana de Oliveira Navarro a, Armindo Antonio^ Alves a, Ana Laura Remedio Zeni Beretta a, * Joyce M. Annichino Bizzacchi c, Lilian Cristina Pereira d, Maurício Ventura Mazzi a, a Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences Hermínio Ometto University Center, UNIARARAS, 7 Av. Dr. Maximiliano Baruto, 500, CEP 13607-339, Araras, SP, Brazil b Graduate Program in Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, State University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil c Blood Hemostasis Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil d Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, State University Paulista Júlio Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil article info abstract Article history: The chemical composition of snake venoms is a complex mixture of proteins and peptides that can be Received 4 October 2017 pharmacologically active. Crotamine, a cell-penetrating peptide, has been described to have antimicro- Received in revised form bial properties and it exerts its effects by interacting selectively with different structures, inducing 6 March 2018 changes in the ion flow pattern and cellular responses. However, its real therapeutic potential is not yet Accepted 20 March 2018 fully known. Bearing in mind that crotamine is a promising molecule in therapeutics, this study inves- Available online 21 March 2018 tigated the action of purified molecule in three aspects: I) antibacterial action on different species of clinical interest, II) the effect of two different concentrations of the molecule on platelet aggregation, and Keywords: fi Crotalus durissus terrificus III) its effects on isolated mitochondria.
  • Unusual Venom Phospholipases A2 of Two Primitive Tree Vipers Trimeresurus Puniceus and Trimeresurus Borneensis Ying-Ming Wang, Hao-Fan Peng and Inn-Ho Tsai

    Unusual Venom Phospholipases A2 of Two Primitive Tree Vipers Trimeresurus Puniceus and Trimeresurus Borneensis Ying-Ming Wang, Hao-Fan Peng and Inn-Ho Tsai

    Unusual venom phospholipases A2 of two primitive tree vipers Trimeresurus puniceus and Trimeresurus borneensis Ying-Ming Wang, Hao-Fan Peng and Inn-Ho Tsai Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica and Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Keywords To explore the venom diversity of Asian pit vipers, we investigated the phospholipase A ; phylogenetic analysis; 2 structure and function of venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) derived from snake venom; Trimeresurus borneensis; two primitive tree vipers Trimeresurus puniceus and Trimeresurus borneen- Trimeresurus puniceus sis. We purified six novel PLA2s from T. puniceus venom and another three Correspondence from T. borneensis venom. All cDNAs encoding these PLA2s except one I.-H. Tsai, Institute of Biological Chemistry, were cloned, and the molecular masses and N-terminal sequences of the Academia Sinica and Institute of purified enzymes closely matched those predicted from the cDNA. Three Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan contain K49 and lack a disulfide bond at C61–C91, in contrast with the University, PO Box 23-106, Taipei, D49-containing PLA2s in both venom species. They are less thermally Taiwan 10798 stable than other K49-PLA2s which contain seven disulfide bonds, as indi- Fax: +886 223635038 cated by a decrease of 8.8 °C in the melting temperature measured by CD E-mail: [email protected] spectroscopy. The M110D mutation in one of the K49-PLA2s apparently Note reduced its edematous potency. A phylogenetic tree based on the amino- Novel cDNA sequences encoding PLA2s acid sequences of 17 K49-PLA2s from Asian pit viper venoms illustrates have been submitted to EMBL Databank close relationships among the Trimeresurus species and intergeneric segre- and are available under accession numbers: gations.
  • On Trimeresurus Sumatranus

    On Trimeresurus Sumatranus

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266262458 On Trimeresurus sumatranus (Raffles, 1822), with the designation of a neotype and the description of a new species of pitviper from Sumatra (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae) Article in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation · September 2014 CITATIONS READS 4 360 3 authors, including: Gernot Vogel Irvan Sidik Independent Researcher Indonesian Institute of Sciences 102 PUBLICATIONS 1,139 CITATIONS 12 PUBLICATIONS 15 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Save Vietnam Biodiversity View project Systematics of the genus Pareas View project All content following this page was uploaded by Gernot Vogel on 01 October 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Comparative dorsal view of the head of Trimeresurus gunaleni spec. nov. (left) and T. sumatranus (right). Left from above: male, female (holotype), male, all alive, from Sumatra Utara Province, Sumatra. Right: adult female alive from Bengkulu Province, Su- matra, adult male alive from Bengkulu Province, Sumatra, preserved female from Borneo. Photos: N. Maury. Amphib. Reptile Conserv. | amphibian-reptile-conservation.org (1) September 2014 | Volume 8 | Number 2 | e80 Copyright: © 2014 Vogel et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License, Amphibian & Reptile Conservation which permits
  • Antimicrobial Activity of Apitoxin, Melittin and Phospholipase A2 of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Venom Against Oral Pathogens

    Antimicrobial Activity of Apitoxin, Melittin and Phospholipase A2 of Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Venom Against Oral Pathogens

    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2015) 87(1): 147-155 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520130511 www.scielo.br/aabc Antimicrobial activity of apitoxin, melittin and phospholipase A2 of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom against oral pathogens LUÍS F. LEANDRO, CARLOS A. MENDES, LUCIANA A. CASEMIRO, ADRIANA H.C. VINHOLIS, WILSON R. CUNHA, ROSANA DE ALMEIDA and CARLOS H.G. MARTINS Laboratório de Pesquisas em Microbiologia Aplicada (LaPeMA), Universidade de Franca, Av. Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, Bairro Parque Universitário, 14404-600 Franca, SP, Brasil Manuscript received on November 19, 2013; accepted for publication on June 30, 2014 ABSTRACT In this work, we used the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) technique to evaluate the antibacterial potential of the apitoxin produced by Apis mellifera bees against the causative agents of tooth decay. Apitoxin was assayed in natura and in the commercially available form. The antibacterial actions of the main components of this apitoxin, phospholipase A2, and melittin were also assessed, alone and in combination. The following bacteria were tested: Streptococcus salivarius, S. sobrinus, S. mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguinis, Lactobacillus casei, and Enterococcus faecalis. The MIC results obtained for the commercially available apitoxin and for the apitoxin in natura were close and lay between 20 and 40µg / mL, which indicated good antibacterial activity. Melittin was the most active component in apitoxin; it displayed very promising MIC values, from 4 to 40µg / mL. Phospholipase A2 presented MIC values higher than 400µg / mL. Association of mellitin with phospholipase A2 yielded MIC values ranging between 6 and 80µg / mL.
  • Carr, J. 2015. Species Monitoring Recommendations for The

    Carr, J. 2015. Species Monitoring Recommendations for The

    Communication Strategy (PARCC Activity 4.2) Ver. 1. Protected Areas Resilient to Climate Change, PARCC West Africa 2015 Species monitoring recommendations for Niumi Saloum National Park (the Gambia) and Delta du Saloum National Park (Senegal) ENGLISH Jamie Carr IUCN Global Species Programme 2015 Species monitoring recommendations: Niumi - Saloum. The United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with practical policy advice. Species monitoring recommendations for Niumi Saloum National Park (the Gambia) and Delta du Saloum National Park (Senegal), prepared by Jamie Carr, with funding from Global Environment Facility (GEF) via UNEP. Copyright: 2015. United Nations Environment Programme. Reproduction This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission, provided acknowledgement to the source is made. Reuse of any figures is subject to permission from the original rights holders. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose without permission in writing from UNEP. Applications for permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of reproduction, should be sent to the Director, DCPI, UNEP, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya. Disclaimer: The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP, contributory organisations or editors. The designations employed and the presentations of material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP or contributory organisations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries or the designation of its name, frontiers or boundaries.