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Basic Toxinology 11 20th World Congress of the International Society on Toxinology "Toxinology in the 21st century: Public health impact from basic, translational and clinical sciences" POSTER SESSIONS ABSTRACTS 08 – 13 September, 2019 Buenos Aires, Argentina INDEX Page Posters Session I Academic Posters Session I 2 Topic A: Public Health Issues 2 Topic B: Basic Toxinology 11 Topic C: Clinical Toxinology 25 Topic D: Toxinological Technologies 33 Student Posters Session I 39 Posters Session II Academic Posters Session II 79 Topic B: Basic Toxinology 79 Student Posters Session II 119 1 ACADEMIC POSTERS SESSION I Topic A: Public Health Issues PURIFICATION OF HYALURONIDASE FROM NAJA MELANOLEUCA BINTA KURFI VENOM AND PRODUCTION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES. THE CHALLENGES AND SPECIFICITIES OF THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE FERNANDO VAZQUEZ OF ANTIVENOMS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF OPHIDIAN ACCIDENTS IN RIVERSIDE Jacqueline A. COMUNITIES OF RIOS SOLIMÕES AND JURUÁ RIVERS IN THE STATE Sachett G. OF AMAZONAS: CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-NOTIFIED CASES. DEVELOPMENT OF A HANDBOOK FOR PREVENTION AND Rodríguez Javier ATTENTION OF ACCIDENTS BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS IN COLOMBIA Buitrago Rodríguez VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS FOR THE SNAKE BITES IN COLOMBIA Javier Buitrago OPTIMIZATION BY FACTORIAL ANALYSIS OF F(AB´)2 GENERATION FROM HYPERIMMUNE EQUINE PLASMA FOR ANTIVENOM Matías Fingermann PREPARATION EFFICIENT EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION OF RECOMBINANT SPHINGOMYELINASE D FROM LOXOSCELES LAETA IN LEPIDOPTERAN Matías Fingermann LARVAE AS A CANDIDATE FOR ANTISERUM PRODUCTION IMPLICATIONS OF SNAKE VENOM VARIATION ON ANTIVENOM Alejandro Alagón NEUTRALIZATION: THE CASE OF NORTH AMERICAN VIPERS 2 1 PURIFICATION OF HYALURONIDASE FROM NAJA MELANOLEUCA VENOM AND PRODUCTION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES. Ibrahim Muazu Shanono, Binta G. Kurfi Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. Petroleum Technology Development Fund, Nigeria. Snakebite is a worldwide environmental and occupational hazard with significant morbidity and mortality. Snakebite involves subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of venom into prey/human victims. The pathology of snakebite depends upon the concentration and also on the rate at which toxins diffuse into the systemic circulation for transport to their site(s) of action. Hyaluronidase, being ubiquitous enzyme in animal venoms, has not been well studied despite its crucial role in toxins diffusion. This research aimed at purification of hyaluronidase from Naja melanoleuca (Forest cobra) venom and production of its polyclonal antibody as a potential vaccine candidate. Hyaluronidase was purified from Naja melanoleuca venom through two steps of purification: Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The purified hyaluronidase has molecular weight of approximately 54 KDa on SDS-PAGE. Purified hyaluronidase and N. melanoleuca venom were used to produce antiserum in rabbit according WHO guidelines for antivenom production (WHO, 2010). Both the antiserum raised against purified hyaluronidase and N. melanoleuca venom neutralized LD50 concentration of N. melanoleuca venom hyaluronidase in vitro in a volume dependent manner. Also In vivo neutralization assay showed that 140 µl of both the antiserum inhibited mouse death 100%, where as 30 and 70µl increased the survival time of envenomed mouse when pre-incubated with LD50 of N. melanoleuca venom. Both the antiserum raised against N. melanoleuca venom and its purified hyaluronidase were capable of neutralizing hemorrhagic effects induced by N. melanoleuca venom in mice. This finding showed that hyaluronidase plays a critical role in snake venom systemic toxicity and can be targeted as potential candidate for snakebite therapy. 3 2 THE CHALLENGES AND SPECIFICITIES OF THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE OF ANTIVENOMS Raúl Soria, Fernando Vazquez INOSAN BIOPHARMA Introduction: Antivenom is the only treatment able to eliminate the venom from the body and thereby to prevent from its toxic effect. Over 95% of animal envenoming, mainly snakes or scorpions, occur in rural areas of the developing world where patients are managed in facilities with very limited infrastructure and resources. This makes safety reporting and evaluation of antivenom quite challenging. It is key to understand the specificities related to envenoming management in order to adequately ensure the pharmacovigilance of antivenoms. Methods and Results: Clinical manifestations of envenoming are heterogeneous as they depend on many factors including the animal species, the amount of injected venom and the time elapsed from bite or sting. Envenoming can induce adverse events such as allergic reaction similar to those associated to antivenoms making differential diagnosis difficult. In addition, patients are often admitted to hospital emergency or intensive care units which do not have adequate pharmacovigilance system especially in developing countries. Antivenoms often have various potencies and/or different dosage instructions from a product to another, not to mention the worrying issue of counterfeit and substandard drugs. The suspected adverse reactions must be notified and subsequently evaluated for the causality assignment through algorithms. An adaptation of the Naranjo’s algorithm specific to antivenoms is proposed here in order to improve the sensitivity and specificity of causality grades. The validity of this proposal will need to be confirmed by prospective clinical study. Conclusion: Stakeholders from hospitals to manufacturers should take all necessary steps in order to guarantee an adequate pharmacovigilance of antivenoms. A better causality assessment of adverse reactions such as proposed here will contribute to improve safety assessment of antivenoms. This will help to fulfill one the WHO strategic goals which are to ensure access to safe, effective and affordable antivenoms worldwide. 4 3 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF OPHIDIAN ACCIDENTS IN RIVERSIDE COMUNITIES OF RIOS SOLIMÕES AND JURUÁ IN THE STATE OF AMAZONAS: CHARACTERISTICS OF NON- NOTIFIED CASES. Jacqueline A. G. Sachett, João Arthur Alcântara, Guilherme Kemeron Maciel Salazar, Altair Seabra Farias, Fernando Fonseca de Almeida Val, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro Universidade do Estado do Amazonas Fundação Alfredo da Matta Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado Snakebite accidents are considered an important factor for the severity and mortality of victims from rural areas and with little access to health services, as is the case of the riverside population of the state of Amazonas. The aim was to describe the epidemiological profile of accident victims in riverine populations of two rivers in the state of Amazonas, the "Snowball" technique was used, structured by a questionnaire applied during on-site interviews during the expedition at the Fluvial Basic Unit of January to April 2019. 157 victims of ophidian accidents were interviewed, 82 cases in the Solimões River (52.23%) and 75 cases (47.77%) in Juruá, mainly caused by the genus Bothrops (112 cases, 71.34%), being the majority male (140 cases/89.17%), aged between 16 and 45 years (72 cases/45.86%), with predominance of accidents in the lower limbs (125 cases/79.61%). Of the respondents in the Solimões River, the majority sought medical care (60.98%), unlike those interviewed in the Juruá River, where the majority (74.67%) did not seek care. The main reasons for not seeking care were mainly because the patients did not want or accept care (57 cases, 64.77%), also because they had no idea that they needed help or because they prioritized alternative medicine; and because they did not have the financial conditions or structure for the locomotion until the care (37 cases, 42.05%). The banks of notifications as well as the epidemiological data presented in several studies sometimes do not show the real health conditions of certain populations, especially those coming from places of difficult access such as the riverside. This study can bring data that contribute to the identification of the characteristics of the accidents as well as the influence of the culture and the popular traditions in the life of these people for ophidian accidents. 5 4 DEVELOPMENT OF A HANDBOOK FOR PREVENTION AND ATTENTION OF ACCIDENTS BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS IN COLOMBIA Javier Rodríguez Buitrago, Shadya Uribe Viviescas Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada In Colombia, near of 100 cases of snake bite accidents weekly were reported only in 2018. With respect to other kinds of accidents, exist lack of epidemiological records and knowledge by the population, technicians and health professionals. The deficiencies in communitary education against the risk factors for accidents by poisonous animals, their prevention and proper administration of first aids are related with inadequate practices such as suction, the use of tourniquets, application of organic material, incisions, among others that are harmful. By the wide presence of the Military Forces in the Colombian territory, there are vulnerable to these accidents, but also becomes an opportunity to give education for the prevention of this and other risks to population. A web search was made focused on the handbooks for the prevention and attention of accidents by poisonous animals with emphases on primary health care and community education in Colombia, and on the recommended interventions for the attention of bites and stings by poisonous animals and measures for the prevention of cases through the use of MeSH terms how: Bites and Stings AND First Aid, Bites and Stings AND prevention
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