Engine

CEDA Technical Visit

Jaap van Thiel de Vries ([email protected]) Matthieu de Schipper Simeon Moons

Challenge the future 1 Outline

Introduction: • Why a Sand Engine? • Design & construction • Monitoring and Science • New applications?

Development of the SandEngine • Morphology (Matthieu de Schipper) • Ecology (Simeon Moons)

Challenge the future 2 Holland : Policy context

Shortage of natural sediment Egmond

Consequence: Structural erosion

Solution: Nourishments (10-15 mln m3/yr)

City of Egmond

Challenge the future 3 Dutch CZM Increase in nourished volumes

Dynamic preservation of the 1990 coastline

Sand volumes: • Since 1990: 6 mln m3/yr • Since 2001: 12 mln m3/yr

Tendency towards larger-scale nourishments

Uncertainties on environmental effects Prospect future : 40-85 mln m3/yr !!

Extra functions nourishments (nature, recreation)?

Challenge the future 4

Pilot project in the Randstad Area

mega-nourishment! ‘Randstad’ Area The Hague

• 3 M inhabitants • Urbanized / lack of nature • Majority below MSL

R’damPZH Harbour = Province of Rotterdam South Holland

Challenge the future 5 Delfland Coast

Challenge the future 6 Design alternatives

Full shoreface Peninsula Nourishment

Hook Island

Challenge the future 7 Let Nature do the work

Challenge the future 8 Design

Objectives: 1. Extra Safety 2. Nature area / ‘Quality of living’ 3. Innovation

‘Hook’ altenative

70 M Euro. 21 M m3 of sand

Challenge the future 9 Expected advantages

• enhanced safety against flooding • (first: wave attenuator; later: wider dune buffer) • cheaper per m3 compared to traditional nourishments • (but: costs brought forward → interest!) • longer period between consecutive nourishments • more time for beach and shoreface to recover • ecologically interesting intermediate stages • beach lagoons, juvenile dunes, pioneer vegetation • recreation potential • swimming, surfing, beach recreation • wider dune area • increased freshwater reserve

Challenge the future 10 Construction

Suction hopper: • Pumping ashore • Bottom dumping • Rainbowing

Challenge the future 11 Construction 28 maart 2011 28 april 2011

24 mei 2011 28 juni 2011

Challenge the future 12 12 Shoreface nourishment

Shoreface nourishment Challenge the future 13 Pilot (1) We just started: Monitoring and Knowledge

WHY?

WHAT?

Challenge the future 14 Did we meet our Goals? Safety; but also…

Challenge the future 15 Challenging Governance

Challenge the future 16 Inter-disciplinary Solution

Challenge the future 17 Different time scale:

Coastal Geology Engineering

Storms et al. (2007)

Challenge the future 18 Monitoring & knowledge projects:

Applied Research Strategic Research

• Tune data collection Monitoring • One DMS

RWS STW • NCK network Knowledge EFRO NEMO Monitoring Nature Coast • End-Users

MER Goals (International) Tools / Guidelines Shoreface Model Evaluation/ Maintenance Businesscase • Website / Wiki Utilisation Licenses DMS

Challenge the future 19

Extensive monitoring campaign

BEACH

SURF

Deep

Challenge the future 20 ARGUS Camera Stations

• http://argus-data.wldelft.nl/sites/zandmotor/2013/index.html

• http://argus-data.wldelft.nl/sites/kijkduin/2013/index.html

Challenge the future 21 Sustainable development of coastal areas worldwide

• Increasing pressure on deltas worldwide • Ongoing need for coastal protection and marine infrastructure development • Pressures are reinforced by climate change • Increasing environmental awareness

• Need for sustainable solutions

Challenge the future 22 Explore new applications… ? ?

? ?

Challenge the future 23 Questions / Discussion

Challenge the future 24 Morphological development of the Sand Engine in the first years

Matthieu de Schipper ( TU Delft / Shore Monitoring & Research ) R.C. de Zeeuw, S. de Vries, C. van Gelder-Maas and M.J.F. Stive Show and discuss the evolution of the Sand Engine

• First ~ 20 months after completion • Drifter deployments

With support of:

Survey equipment

Methodology Full bathymetry Summer 2011, 1 month after completion

Animation surveys

General observations

• Erosion seaward side (‘tip’)

• Sedimentation southern end

• Spit and channel formation near lagoon

• Symmetry

Change outer contour Volume change per profile (dec’12-aug’11)

2000

1500

1000

500 Sedimentation

/ / 0

/ m alongshore]

3 [m Morphological Change Morphological -500

Erosion -1000

-1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Alongshore [m] Sediment Budget

Adjacent coast

Total domain

Peninsula only

-1.6 million m3 Morphological response during a ‘stormy’ winter month Morphological response during a ‘quiet’ spring month Transect at the tip Scarp formation

• Scarp height O (1-2 m)

• Not only present after storms

Southern side

Southern side Infilling with ridges and runnels

Northern side

Northern side Spit and channel formation near lagoon

Lagoon Entrance 1st spring after completion Vertical Tidal currents Infilling lagoon

Implications for beach goers GVRB Lifeguards Difficult crossing of lagoon entrance

•Flooding of spit combined with infilling flow

• During rising tide

Lagoon Entrance 2nd spring after completion Smaller scale dynamics Dynamics & Ecology

Questions?

[email protected] [email protected]

@ShoreMonitoring With feb 2013 With feb 2013 Vloed stroming op dieper water Vloed stroming op dieper water

Morphological Activity alongshore sections

30 Jan. 2013

Oct. 2012 25

Jul. 2012 20

Apr. 2012 15 Date

Jan. 2012 10

Oct. 2011 5

Jul. 2011 0 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Alongshore [m] Sediment budget Zonation Latest winter bathymetry Winter 2012, planview Scarp formation

~ 1,5 m!

Spring 2012 For more info contact:

Simeon Moons [email protected] www.naturecoast.nl

Contents

1. Coastal ecosystem

2. Effects of nourishment

3. Sand Engine

4. Ecological Monitoring & Research

5. First Results Coastal Ecosystem Coastal Squeeze

Erosion >70% world’s beaches Shore Nourishment Effect on the Coastal Ecosystem?

Disturbance by nourishment activity

Death by burial

Alteration of the habitat

Ecological Research

1. Effect on ecology: Mega vs Regular nourishment – Spatial – Temporal

2. Understanding the coastal ecosystem

3. Future applications

Ecological Research Team

Monitoring (RWS, EU)

IMARES, Witteveen+Bos, Bureau Waardenburg, Vertegaal Ecologisch Advies, Arens Bureau voor Strand en Duinonderzoek

NatureCoast (STW)

Ecosystem services Timothy Price (VU) Terrestrial Marinka van Puijenbroek (WUR) Emily van Egmond (VU) Corjan Nolet (WUR) Marine Marjolein Post (IMARES) Simeon Moons (NIOZ) Sand Engine Monitoring

Macrobenthos

Sand Engine Monitoring

Macrobenthos

Fish

Birds

Sea mammals

Vegetation

Insects

Ecological Research

Terrestrial – Vegetation succession in existing dunes – Impact on community assembly in beach – Biogeomorphology of dune formation

Marine – Marine food webs in the shallow coastal sea – Benthic biogeomorphology in the shallow coastal sea

For more info contact:

Simeon Moons [email protected] www.naturecoast.nl