Sand Engine
CEDA Technical Visit
Jaap van Thiel de Vries ([email protected]) Matthieu de Schipper Simeon Moons
Challenge the future 1 Outline
Introduction: • Why a Sand Engine? • Design & construction • Monitoring and Science • New applications?
Development of the SandEngine • Morphology (Matthieu de Schipper) • Ecology (Simeon Moons)
Challenge the future 2 Holland Coast: Policy context
Shortage of natural sediment Egmond
Consequence: Structural erosion
Solution: Nourishments (10-15 mln m3/yr)
City of Egmond
Challenge the future 3 Dutch CZM Increase in nourished volumes
Dynamic preservation of the 1990 coastline
Sand volumes: • Since 1990: 6 mln m3/yr • Since 2001: 12 mln m3/yr
Tendency towards larger-scale nourishments
Uncertainties on environmental effects Prospect future : 40-85 mln m3/yr !!
Extra functions nourishments (nature, recreation)?
Challenge the future 4
Pilot project in the Randstad Area
mega-nourishment! ‘Randstad’ Area The Hague
• 3 M inhabitants • Urbanized / lack of nature • Majority below MSL
R’damPZH Harbour = Province of Rotterdam South Holland
Challenge the future 5 Delfland Coast
Challenge the future 6 Design alternatives
Full shoreface Peninsula Nourishment
Hook Island
Challenge the future 7 Let Nature do the work
Challenge the future 8 Design
Objectives: 1. Extra Safety 2. Nature area / ‘Quality of living’ 3. Innovation
‘Hook’ altenative
70 M Euro. 21 M m3 of sand
Challenge the future 9 Expected advantages
• enhanced safety against flooding • (first: wave attenuator; later: wider dune buffer) • cheaper per m3 compared to traditional nourishments • (but: costs brought forward → interest!) • longer period between consecutive nourishments • more time for beach and shoreface ecosystem to recover • ecologically interesting intermediate stages • beach lagoons, juvenile dunes, pioneer vegetation • recreation potential • swimming, surfing, beach recreation • wider dune area • increased freshwater reserve
Challenge the future 10 Construction
Suction hopper: • Pumping ashore • Bottom dumping • Rainbowing
Challenge the future 11 Construction 28 maart 2011 28 april 2011
24 mei 2011 28 juni 2011
Challenge the future 12 12 Shoreface nourishment
Shoreface nourishment Challenge the future 13 Pilot (1) We just started: Monitoring and Knowledge
WHY?
WHAT?
Challenge the future 14 Did we meet our Goals? Safety; but also…
Challenge the future 15 Challenging Governance
Challenge the future 16 Inter-disciplinary Solution
Challenge the future 17 Different time scale:
Coastal Geology Engineering
Storms et al. (2007)
Challenge the future 18 Monitoring & knowledge projects:
Applied Research Strategic Research
• Tune data collection Monitoring • One DMS
RWS STW • NCK network Knowledge EFRO NEMO Monitoring Nature Coast • End-Users
MER Goals (International) Tools / Guidelines Shoreface Model Evaluation/ Maintenance Businesscase • Website / Wiki Utilisation Licenses DMS
Challenge the future 19
Extensive monitoring campaign
BEACH
SURF
Deep
Challenge the future 20 ARGUS Camera Stations
• http://argus-data.wldelft.nl/sites/zandmotor/2013/index.html
• http://argus-data.wldelft.nl/sites/kijkduin/2013/index.html
Challenge the future 21 Sustainable development of coastal areas worldwide
• Increasing pressure on deltas worldwide • Ongoing need for coastal protection and marine infrastructure development • Pressures are reinforced by climate change • Increasing environmental awareness
• Need for sustainable solutions
Challenge the future 22 Explore new applications… ? ?
? ?
Challenge the future 23 Questions / Discussion
Challenge the future 24 Morphological development of the Sand Engine in the first years
Matthieu de Schipper ( TU Delft / Shore Monitoring & Research ) R.C. de Zeeuw, S. de Vries, C. van Gelder-Maas and M.J.F. Stive Show and discuss the evolution of the Sand Engine
• First ~ 20 months after completion • Drifter deployments
With support of:
Survey equipment
Methodology Full bathymetry Summer 2011, 1 month after completion
Animation surveys
General observations
• Erosion seaward side (‘tip’)
• Sedimentation southern end
• Spit and channel formation near lagoon
• Symmetry
Change outer contour Volume change per profile (dec’12-aug’11)
2000
1500
1000
500 Sedimentation
/ / 0
/ m alongshore]
3 [m Morphological Change Morphological -500
Erosion -1000
-1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Alongshore [m] Sediment Budget
Adjacent coast
Total domain
Peninsula only
-1.6 million m3 Morphological response during a ‘stormy’ winter month Morphological response during a ‘quiet’ spring month Transect at the tip Scarp formation
• Scarp height O (1-2 m)
• Not only present after storms
Southern side
Southern side Infilling with ridges and runnels
Northern side
Northern side Spit and channel formation near lagoon
Lagoon Entrance 1st spring after completion Vertical tide Tidal currents Infilling lagoon
Implications for beach goers GVRB Lifeguards Difficult crossing of lagoon entrance
•Flooding of spit combined with infilling flow
• During rising tide
Lagoon Entrance 2nd spring after completion Smaller scale dynamics Dynamics & Ecology
Questions?
[email protected] [email protected]
@ShoreMonitoring With feb 2013 With feb 2013 Vloed stroming op dieper water Vloed stroming op dieper water
Morphological Activity alongshore sections
30 Jan. 2013
Oct. 2012 25
Jul. 2012 20
Apr. 2012 15 Date
Jan. 2012 10
Oct. 2011 5
Jul. 2011 0 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Alongshore [m] Sediment budget Zonation Latest winter bathymetry Winter 2012, planview Scarp formation
~ 1,5 m!
Spring 2012 For more info contact:
Simeon Moons [email protected] www.naturecoast.nl
Contents
1. Coastal ecosystem
2. Effects of nourishment
3. Sand Engine
4. Ecological Monitoring & Research
5. First Results Coastal Ecosystem Coastal Squeeze
Erosion >70% world’s beaches Shore Nourishment Effect on the Coastal Ecosystem?
Disturbance by nourishment activity
Death by burial
Alteration of the habitat
Ecological Research
1. Effect on ecology: Mega vs Regular nourishment – Spatial – Temporal
2. Understanding the coastal ecosystem
3. Future applications
Ecological Research Team
Monitoring (RWS, EU)
IMARES, Witteveen+Bos, Bureau Waardenburg, Vertegaal Ecologisch Advies, Arens Bureau voor Strand en Duinonderzoek
NatureCoast (STW)
Ecosystem services Timothy Price (VU) Terrestrial Marinka van Puijenbroek (WUR) Emily van Egmond (VU) Corjan Nolet (WUR) Marine Marjolein Post (IMARES) Simeon Moons (NIOZ) Sand Engine Monitoring
Macrobenthos
Sand Engine Monitoring
Macrobenthos
Fish
Birds
Sea mammals
Vegetation
Insects
Ecological Research
Terrestrial – Vegetation succession in existing dunes – Impact on community assembly in beach ecosystems – Biogeomorphology of dune formation
Marine – Marine food webs in the shallow coastal sea – Benthic biogeomorphology in the shallow coastal sea
For more info contact:
Simeon Moons [email protected] www.naturecoast.nl