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16I 170 Nove Najdbe Steklokrilcev (Lepidoptera LJUBLJANA, DECEMBER2OO2 VOI. 10,!t.2: 16I_170 NOVE NAJDBE STEKLOKRILCEV (LEPIDOPTERA: SESilDAE) V SLOVENIJI Zeljko PREDOVNIK Polzela 68 c., SI- 33 13 P olzela, Slovenij a, e-mail : zeljkogg@ volj a.net Izvleiek - Rezultat najnovej5ih raziskav steklokrilcev na na5em ozemlju so Stiri nove vrste v favni Slovenije: Pennisetia bohemica Kr6lidek in povolny, 1974, Cltaryaespheciaschmidtiifurmis (Freyer, 1836), chamaesphecia aerifroni lzeller, 1847) in Chamaespheciahungarica (Tomala, 1901). Navedene so tudi najdbe malo znanevrste Synanthedonflaviventris (Staudinger,1883), ki je v literaturi za na$o favno vedkrat omenjena, a brez podrobnejsih podatkov in ni zajeta v seznamu makrolepldopterov Sloven ije. Krruiue BESEDE:Lepidoptera, Sesiidae,Slovenija, favna Abstract - NEw RECORDS oF CLEARWING MorHS (LEpIDoprERA: SESIIDAE) IN SLOVENIA The result of the latest research on clearwing moths in Slovenia are four new species for the counffy: Pennisetia bohemica Krdlidek & povolnli, 1974, Chamaespheciaschmidtiifurmis (Freyer, 1836), Chamaespheciaaerifrort lzelLt, 1847) md Chamaespheciahungarica (Tomala, 1901).Included are also data on a lit- tle known speciesSynanthedonflaviventris (Staudinger, 1883), which is mentioned for our fauna frequently in literature, but without exaCtdataand is not included in the List of Slovenian macrolepidoptera. Kpy wonns: Lepidoptera, Sesiidae,Slovenia, fauna Uvod V favnah sosednjih drZav Fkva5ke in Italije prisotne in zato pri nas pridakovane so bile najdbe steklokrilcev vrst Chamaesphecia aerifrons in Chimaesphecia 161 Acta entomologica slovenica, l0 (2),2002 schmidtiformis, zabeleLenihna ved krajih na Primorskem in v zaledjl. Vrbine 5i5ke z gosenicami Synanthedonflaviventris sem na5el v Sestihkvadrantih mreZe UTM, nova odkritja te vrste pa lahko pridakujemo predvsem v hladnejSih predelih Slovenije.Chamaesphecia hungarica jeblla nam najbliZjeugotovljena v hrva5kem Zagorjt (Kudinii et al., 1991) in na Gradi5danskem(Piihringer, 1994 in 1991). Pri nas je bila prvid najdena pri Jurklo5tru (Rekelj leg.), zato njena prisotnost v dinarskem obmodju Slovenije ni bila pridakovana. Vrsto sem na5el ob Cerkni5kem jezeru, kjer so nahajajo vedja rasti5dahranilne rastline njenih gosenic, mledka vrste Euphorbia lucida. Verjetno gre za izolirano in hkrati najbolj zahodno lei,e(,opopu- lacijo omenjene vrste steklokrilcev v Evropi. Vsekakor pa je izjemna najdba vrste Pennisetia bohemica,katere samdkeje s pomodjo osnovnih feromonov Wageningen prvi na5elMojmir Lasan v Zaplani pri Vrhniki. Med osnovnimi tipi vonjalnih vab se je kot privlalenza samdkeprvi1 izkazal feromon tabaniformis. V Evropi so bili stek- lokrilci te vrste do sedaj znani samo iz srednje eeske in Kavkaza (La5tfivka in Lastrivka, 200I). Pri vsaki vrsti sta opisanaZivljenjski prostor in biologija, njihova raz5irjenostpa je pikazana na kartah z mreLo UTM. Navedeneso nekaterezunanje morfolo5ke znadilnosti vrste Chamaespheciahun- garica s Cerkni5kegajezera. Nomenklatura je povzeta po delu The Sesiidaeof Europe (La5trivka in La5tfivka, 2001). Metode dela a) Iskanje gosenicin bub, gojenje: Vse obravnavanevrste, razenChamaesphecia schmidtiifurmis. b) Prouievanje s pomoijo vonjalnih vab. z uporabo kompleta Sestihosnovnih tipov feromonov (hyl, api-empi, tab, myo, tip, in vesp) v kombinaciji, kateremu je prodajalecG. M. Strohledodal 5edva (scol in culic), smo zabeleZilidolete vrst Chamaespheciaschmidtiifurmis in Chamaespheciaaerifrans. Samdkt Pennisetia bohemica so prileteli na feromona tab in boh. Vsi uporabljeni feromoni so bili izdelani na Nizozemskem (Wageningen). c) Kombinacija metod a) in b): Chamaespheciaaerifrons. OkrajSave e. l.: ex larva, e. p.: ex pupa,fer.: feromon,hyl: feromonhylaeiformis, api (empi): feromon apiformis (empiformis), tab: feromon tabaniformis, myo: feromon myopae- formis, tip: feromon tipuliformis, ves: feromon vespiformis, scoli: feromon scoliae- formis, culic: feromon culiciformis, boh: feromon bohemica, ATA: Anterior trans- parent area,ETA: Extemal transparentarea, PTA: Posterior transparentarea. 162 Z Predovnik: Nove najdbe steklokrilcev (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) v Sloveniji Seznamvrst Pennisetiabohemica Kr6lidek in Povolny, 1974 VL49: Vrhnika,Zaplana,600m, 8.8.2001(fer.), nekaj d, leg.er coll. (2$)Lasanin coll. (1$) Predovnlk;14.8.2002(fer. 13.20-15.45),56 [fer. tab (2$),fer. boh (2d)], teg.et coil. Predovnik. Kamniti in grmidasti predeli ter strmine ob nasipih in robovih cest so dom dvo- letnih gosenic; ki vrtajo v koreninah raznThvrst Sipkov, med njimi divjega Sipka (Rosa canina L.) (Lastrivkain Lastrivka,2001). Metulji letajo od konca julija do zadelka septembra.Ali gre pri vrsti Pennisetia bohemica samo za izolirane popu- lacije ozko sorodnevzhodnosibirske vrste Pennisetiapectinata (Staudinger,1887), 5e ni znano (de Freina, 1997). Na suhem kra5kem pobodju Zaplane je na osnovne vonjalne vabe v popoldanskih urah priletelo poleg Stevilnih osebkov vrst Pennisetia hylaeifurmis in Chamaespheciaempformis tldi nekaj samdkov vrste Pennisetia bohemica, od katerih so bili kasneje preparirani trije primerki (Lasan, ustno). Nadaljnje raziskave so bile zaradi izjemno slabegavremena v juliju in avgustu 2002 modno ovirane.Kljub temu sem 14. 8. med 14. in 15.33uro opazoval razmeroma miren prilet dveh samdkov na feromon tabaniformis, pripet na dolgi vrvi skupaj z ostalimi, med sebojnajmanj 1,2 m oddaljenimi tipi osnovnihvab. Feromontabani- formis za to vrsto do sedajni bil znan kot privladen, ker pa ima zelo podobno zgrad- bo kot feromon bohemica, prilet omenjenih samdkov nanj ni veliko presenedenje (Piihringer 2002, po elektronski po5ti). Presenetljiva najdba vrste pri nas nakazuje moZnost najdbe teh steklokrilcev 5e kje v podobnih Zivljenjskih prostorih Sir5ega kra5kegaobmodja Slovenije in sosednjeHrva5ke. Synanthedon flaviv entris (Staudinger, 1883) wM14: GornjiDolid, Dolinsko polje, 540 m, 16.12.2000do 3.4.2001,19 ripidnih svezih 5i5k(z gosenicami),vedinoma na sivi vrbi (Salixcinerea), nekaj tudi nalvi (Salixcaprea) in ozkolistnivrbi (Salixsp.), e. l.:26.5.in 10.6.2001,2$;2.2.2002 in 6.4.2002,5starih sisk. vL37: Postojta,zalog,530m,29.11.2000 do 8.3.2001,75i5k; 9.2.2002, stiri staresiske; 1.4.2002,dve stari Si5ki.vse na vejicahsalix cinerea.Postojna, Mali otok, 532m,8.3.2001, 6 sveZihin dvelanskoletni, prazni 5i5ki, e. l.:28.5.20o1,1?;9.2.2002.stara in sveZaSi5ka na Salix cinerea.Hrenovice, Mlake, 545m,8.3.2001 dve sveZi5i5ki na Salix cinerea.e. l.: 23.5.2001.1?. wMl2: SpodnjaLoZnica pi-Zalcu.255 m.3.l.200l. siska z gosenicona Salixcinerea. WM03: AndraLnad Polzelo, 380 m, 6.3.2001,dve sveZi 5i5ki na Salix cinerea. VM92:Pusto polje, 375 m,17.3.2001, dve sveZi 5i5ki na Salix cinerea VM93: Varpolje, 360 m, 11.3.2001,sveZi 5i5ki na salix cinerea.Spodnja Redica, 355m,11.3.2001, 6 sveZih Kisk naSalix cinerea, e.l.:23.5.2001, ld.Vse leg.et coll.Predovnik. Nezvezno raz5irjeno evrazijsko vrsto navajata za na5o favno de Freina (1997) in La5trivka(2001), Hamborg (1993) pa jo beleZiza mejno Muro na avstrijskisrrani. Po nekaterihvirih (Kudinic et a1.,1998[po Kovadevii in Franjevii-ostrcu]) naj bi jo na5li tudi na Hrva5kem. Zna1llne 5i5ke sem nalel na odprtih modvirnih terenih, poraslih vedinoma z sivo vrbo (Salix cinerea). Siske se lahko nahajajo tudi na gozd- nih jasah, rednih bregovih in ob robovih cest in gozdov. Gosenice najdemo v r63 Acta entomologicaslovenica, 10 (2), 2002 Sl. 1-11: Chamaespheciahungarica, l: $ (Blatni dol, J. Rekelj leg.), 2: $ (Cerkni5ko jezerc),3: Q (CerkniSkojezero); Pennisetia bohemica, 4: $, 5: Q; Chamaespheciaaerifrons,6: $,7: Q; Chamaespheciaschmidtiiformis, 8: S,9: Q; synanthedonfiaviventris, 10: g, 11:Q. FopRAvKr/Ey$*"lTi,.li-,#rlllln"n o ,.bohemica'. 4: d, S: 9 8:d, 9: ? ,UO Ch.aerifions: 6: 6, 7: ? 4: $. -s;I Ch.schmidtiiformis'. 8:6, 9: ? 6: 6, 7: ? Z Predovnik: Nove najdbe steklokrilcev (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) v Sloveniji razmeroma tankih dvoletnih vejicah raznlh vrst predvsem Sirokolistnih vrb (Salix spp.),kjer povzrodijo s svojim vrtanjem nastanek5i5k v drugem,zadnjem letu svo- jegarazvoja.Metulji letajojunija in predvsemjulija (Bartsch,1997). V dasuod 16. 12.2000 do 16. 4.20Ol sem na navedenihkrajih nabral skupaj 57 5i5k z gosenicami, od tega 49 na tankih, ponekod komaj nekaj mm debelih vejicah sive vrbe (Salix cinerea). Iz Ieh 5i5k se je izleglo samo 5 primerkov. Mnogo gosenicje bilo parazitiranih,nekaj jih je med vzgojo splesnelo,med njimi kasneje tudi 9 bub. Velike izgube, ki sem jih imel pri vzgoji, potrjujejo navedbe nekaterih avtorjev (Hamborg, 1993; Bartsch, 1997), o Synanthedonflaviventris kot vrsti z zahtevnim gojenjem in velikim, ponekod skoraj 100 7o deleZem parazitiranih gosenic.Vedji uspeh doseZemosamo s kasnej5im nabiranjem 5i5k (Piihringer, 1994) ali z izbiro primernega nadina vzgoje gosenic, ki ga navajata Riimischin Sobczyk(1998). Zaradi prej omenjenegadvoletnegarazvoja so 5i5ke, kot tudi imagi, pogostej5ivsako drugo leto (Hamborg, 1993), zato ne preseneda pidla bera na nekaterih krajih, prej5nje leto bogatih s Si5kami.Tako sem kljub vedkratnemuiskanju pozimi200I12002 na istih krajih na5el samo 5e nekaj starih si5k. Chamae sphe cia schmidtiifurmis(Freyer, 1 836) VLl3:DolpriHrastovljah,230m,24.6.2002,1Q. VL14:Socerb,330m, 18.6.2000, 1?, leg.et coll. Lasan. Zanigrad,260 - 300 m, 16.6.2001 (fer., 16.25-18.15), 86:25.6.2001 (fer., 16.20-17),5dter med 12 in 13.30uro na cvetovihrmana (Achillea sp.), 3 ?; 26.6.2001(fer., 18.25),l$; 17.6.2002(fer. 17.45-18.33), 6 d; Loka,400 m, 23.6.2002(fer., 16-16.15),23. UL93:Dragonja, Novi Brid, 70-90 m,2.1 .2001 (fer., 17.55), ld. Vseleg. et (25prim.) coll. Predovnik.Dragonja,
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