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United Nations Sc UNITED NATIONS SC UNEP/POPS/POPRC.12/INF/13 Distr.: General 26 July 2016 English only Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee Twelfth meeting Rome, 19–23 September 2016 Item 4 (c) (ii) of the provisional agenda Technical work: consideration of recommendations to the Conference of the Parties: unintentional releases of hexachlorobutadiene Compilation of information on unintentional releases of hexachlorobutadiene Note by the Secretariat As referred to in the note by the Secretariat on new information in relation to the listing of hexachlorobutadiene in Annex C to the Stockholm Convention (UNEP/POPS/POPRC.12/6), the annex to the present note contains a compilation of information on unintentional releases of hexachlorobutadiene submitted by the following two parties and two observers: Netherlands; Serbia; United States of America; and International POPs Elimination Network. The present note, including its annex, has not been formally edited. UNEP/POPS/POPRC.12/1. 020816 UNEP/POPS/POPRC.12/INF/13 Annex Compilation of information on unintentional releases of hexachlorobutadiene Netherlands, 7 January 2016 1. Source screening of priority substances under the WFD Results for (17) hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) (priority hazardous substance) 2. Annex 1 to the draft document “Exploration of management options for Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), 2 May 2007” Responses to the questionnaire on management options for HCBD 3. Chlorine Industry Review 2006-2007 Well-earned reputation rests on renewed sustainability efforts 4. Report of the NICOLE Workshop NICOLE Projects Reporting Day 13th February 2004, Runcorn, UK 5. Council Directive of 16 June 1988 amending Annex II to Directive 86/280/EEC on limit values and quality objectives for discharges of certain dangerous substances included in List I of the Annex to Directive 76/464/EEC (88/347/EEC) 6. Hexachlorobutadiene, HCBD INERIS -DRC- MECO Version N° 1-mai 05 7. Hexachlobutadien BUA-Stoffbericht 62 (August 1991) herausgegeben vom Beratergremium für umweltrelevante Altstoffe (BUA) der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker 2 Source screening of priority substances under the WFD Results for (17) hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) (priority hazardous substance) Version: 4 Date: May 2004 Comments on version 1 received from: A, DE, F, UK, Eurochlor Comments on version 2 received from: UK, Eurochlor Comments on version 3 received from: None The draft concept paper on the control of emissions, discharges and losses of priority substances (document EAF(5)/6/01, updated version in preparation) outlines the steps to be taken to identify the relevant measures for emission controls for the priority substances. The source screening is the first step in this process, which is based on the information collected via the draft fact sheets produced by Haskoning (available on CIRCA) supplemented by other information and expert judgement, and takes into account the results of the consultation with the Expert Advisory Forum on Priority Substances. General details on the classification system applied can be found in the concept paper and can be summarised as follows: ¾ Category 1: source/pathway may result in or contribute to potential failure of WFD objectives; ¾ Category 2: Not enough quantitative information available to allow classification into category 1 or 3; source/pathway will be reviewed as more data become available; ¾ Category 3: no potential release from source/pathway or source/pathway does not contribute to potential failure of WFD objectives. Source/pathway Results of classification Category Category Category 1 2 3 Losses to surface waters by diffuse sources S1 Atmospheric deposition on the water surface X S2 Via drainage and deep ground water X S3 Due to agricultural activities (via leaching, erosion, spills, direct X drainage discharges) S4 Due to transport and infrastructure without connection to X collection system/sewers (ships, trains, automobiles and airplanes and their respective infrastructures outside the urban area) S5 Accidental spills X S6 Release from materials and constructions in non-sewered areas X Discharges to surface waters by point sources S7 Discharges in sewage effluents or storm water as a result of run X off from buildings and constructions in paved urban areas including run off from fields connected to the sewer system S8 Discharges in sewage effluents or storm water as a result of X household, consumer use S9 Due to industrial activities X S9.1 Small and medium point source discharges direct or via STP (non-IPPC installations including run off from farmyards) S9 Due to industrial activities S9.2 Large industrial point sources, direct or via STP (IPPC installations) Production of perchloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride by X perchlorination (*) (covered under basic organic chemicals) Production of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene by any other X process (covered under basic organic chemicals) Mineral oil and gas refineries X Basic organic chemicals X S10 Solid waste management S 10.1 Landfills X S 10.2 Incineration X S11 Losses from historically contaminated) soils S11.1 Historic pollution of sediments X S.11.2 Historic pollution from contaminated land X Emissions to atmosphere A1 From agriculture and forestry X A2 From traffic and infrastructure X A3 From buildings X A4 From households and other consumer use X A5 From industry IPPC categories X A6 From non IPPC facilities X A7 From waste disposal/treatment areas (land fill and others) X A8 From contaminated land (historical pollution) X (*) EU Limit Values in the Daughter Directive of the Discharge of Dangerous Substances Directive (76/464/EEC) Screening based on: ¾ Haskoning fact sheet HCBD ¾ 76/464 List I Daughter Directive report ¾ Environmental Agency Pollution Inventory (England and Wales) ¾ Information on the inputs of HCBD to waters in Germany ¾ Results of the 2003 EPER inventory Data availability and uncertainties 1. The Haskoning fact sheet presents some information, which shows that HCBD is not anymore produced in the EU and that it occurs as unintentional by-product. Most of the emissions are to surface waters with low levels to air. 2. The UK data show that discharges from the chemical industry and waste incineration are the main sources for surface waters (UK commented on Version 2 that this statements should be revisited but no further comments received) 3. German data show that S9.2 are the main sources of HCBD to surface waters 4. Austrian data show that historical pollution is the main source of HCBD in Austria but at low concentrations 5. No information from the new Member States from May 2004 6. Eurochlor claim that total releases to water are 5 kg/year 7. EPER data show that the releases to water from IPPC facilities are 124 kg/year Justification for classification S1 has been classified as category 3 based on the Haskoning data and comments from several countries. S9.2 Based on the EPER data two new activities have been added to those listed in the Discharge of Dangerous Substances Directive (76/464/EEC) - mineral oil and gas refineries, and basic organic chemicals, which have been categorised as category 1. The “production of perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride” is most likely part of “basic organic chemicals” The “production of perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride” has been classified as category 1 based on data sources 2 and 3. EuroChlor states that these sources should be classified as category 3. However, as even small releases of this PHS can lead to the failure of the objectives of the WFD these sources have been maintained as category 1 S10.1 has been maintained as category 2 because of lack of data. S10.2 and A7 have been classified as category 2 based on UK information, which states that waste incineration is a source of HCBD. However, insufficient data are available to assess whether these sources contribute to a possible failure of the objectives of the WFD. S11.1 and S11.2 have been assigned to category 2 because of lack of data. A5 has been changed to category 3 based on Haskoning data and comments from several countries. EPER does not report any releases to air. A8 has been maintained as category 3 as HCBD is strongly adsorbed on solids and is unlikely removed by volatilisation. Annex 1 to the draft document "Exploration of management options for Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), 2 May 2007 Responses to the questionnaire on management options for HCBD HCBD Production Consumption Alternatives Releases Emission control Additional notes Belgium stopped, year unknown as byproduct in production of chlorinated no info no info no info hydrocarbons (NACE 24) no intentions to end or restrict Canada never produced stopped, year unknown no info Products or mixtures containing HCBD as a no info Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances The production of HCBD is According to the Assessment Report, contaminant (year of release 2003): Regulations, 2005 prohibited under the Prohibition of HCBD was formerly imported into Canada Chlorinated solvents: 45 g/year (http://canadagazette.gc.ca/partII/2005/2005030 Certain Toxic Substances for use as a solvent, but it is no longer Ferric/Ferrous chloride: 10 g/year 9/html/sor41-e.html) Regulations, 2005 which came imported. By-Products magnesium industry: 7 g/year Assessment Report - Hexachlorobutadiene into force in May 2005. This was The use of HCBD is prohibited under the (Environment Canada, 2002) done as a preventative measure Prohibition of Certain Toxic Substances
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