Bullying at School: Recommendations for Teachers and Parents
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Frequently Asked Questions About Bullying
Safety and Respect for All Frequently Asked Questions About Bullying 1-What is school bullying? 2-What are the consequences of school bullying? 3-What can a school community do about bullying? 4-What can teachers do about classroom bullying? 5-What can students do about school bullying? 6-What can parents of young children do about school bullying? 7-What can parents of teens do about school bullying? 8-What can community partners do about school bullying? 9-How can a caring adult work with a bully? 10-How can a school community promote an anti-bullying climate? 11-What is cyber bullying? 12-Resources 1-What is school bullying? Bullying is exposing a person to abusive actions repeatedly over time. Being aware of children's teasing and acknowledging injured feelings are always important. Bullying becomes a concern when hurtful or aggressive behavior toward an individual or group appears to be unprovoked, intentional, and (usually) repeated. Bullying is a form of violence. It involves a real or perceived imbalance of power, with the more powerful child or group attacking those who are less powerful. Bullying may be physical (hitting, kicking, spitting, pushing), verbal (taunting, malicious teasing, name calling, threatening), or emotional (spreading rumors, manipulating social relationships, extorting, or intimidating). Bullying can occur face-to-face or in the online world. What do bullies do? Bullying actions may be direct or indirect. Direct bullying or identifiable bullying actions may include: • Hitting, tripping, shoving, pinching, -
PS-79: Flexible Work Hours and Staffing
Flexible Work Hours and Staffing PS-79 PURPOSE: The purpose of this policy is to describe the campus policy on flexible work hours and flexible staffing. FLEXTIME POLICY: The University's regular business hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. However, campus departments may have official hours which differ in order to provide necessary services, including multiple shifts. Departments are encouraged to consider flexible schedules when in the best interest of employees and the department. LSU recognizes that flexible schedules can improve morale, productivity and recognize the contributions made before and after normal work hours, particularly by professional staff. Flextime is a work schedule equal to 40 hours per week but differing from the regular business hours. A flextime schedule is appropriate only when the work schedule is beneficial to the University. Working a flextime schedule is a privilege, not an employee right and flexible schedules are not appropriate for all job situations. Flextime schedules may be considered using the following guidelines: A. Service - The level of service provided by the department may not decrease. Normally, flextime provides a wider span of service and provide staff with an opportunity to modify their work schedule to fit individual needs. Department heads must also consider the workload, flow of work, impact on quality and schedules as they relate to the mission and objectives of the department. B. Coverage - Implementation is contingent on ensuring at least minimal coverage (i.e., office front desk and phones) from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. including the lunch period as appropriate. -
The Revolving Door: Rehired Employees
The Revolving Door: Rehired Employees Robert M. Richter, Esq., APM Vice President SunGard Relius 1 What Will Be Covered • Counting service • Break in service rules including the “rule of parity” • Entry requirements for rehires • Buy-back rights • Returning from military leave 2 Robert’s Rules of Rehires • Don’t rehire former employees • If the person was good enough to rehire, then why go to all this effort to keep the person out of the plan • In 95 percent of the cases, the person will be eligible on the date of rehire 3 Eligibility Requirements 4 410(a) Maximum • Code §410(a) limits maximum age and service condition plan can impose – Generally one year of service – Age 21 • Plan can’t impose higher service requirement – Even if plan would pass coverage 5 Two Years of Service • The law allows a plan to use a two-year eligibility condition • But pay the price – Full and immediate vesting • Exception: Can’t use two-year rule for elective deferrals • Can be years of service without an intervening break in service (first exception to rule that all service counts) 6 Entry Date • EE generally enters plan on entry date after satisfying eligibility requirements • Maximum entry date is earlier of: – First day of the first plan year beginning after the date requirements are met, or – Date that is six months after the date requirements are met • Roughly 182 entry dates – but January 1st and July 1st meet the maximum 7 Employment on Entry Date • Plan can require employment on entry date as condition to enter • If EE comes back after entry date, -
Rules for Shared Parental Leave
FEATURE Rules for shared parental leave By Alan Pitcaithley, practice management consultant arents will soon be legally their child’s first year. This will have an impact Written notice entitled to share statutory on employers and there are, therefore, precise To use these rights, eligible parents (Table leave following the birth procedures to be followed. 1) must give their employer proper written or adoption of a child. This The mother would normally be able to notice; in fact, three different notices. ‘shared parental leave’ will take up to 52 weeks’ maternity leave. Shared First, the mother must give notice to end apply to eligible parents of parental leave allows a mother to turn her her maternity leave and change over to shared Pbabies due, or children placed for adoption, maternity leave into shared parental leave. parental leave. Second, both parents must give on or after 5 April 2015. It allows employees The actual amount of shared parental leave their employers a notice of entitlement letter to break their absence from work into available depends on how much maternity that sets out their basic eligibility (Table 2). separate blocks and to share some of the leave is taken. Finally, each must provide a notice of leave leave with their spouse or partner. Potentially, Since a mother must take at least two letter that specifies the actual dates that the eligible parents, in the first year of a child’s weeks’ compulsory maternity leave following employee wishes to take as shared parental birth or adoption, will be able to dip in and the birth of their child, there could be up to leave. -
School Violence Irvin Sam Schonfeld
09-Kelloway-4838.qxd 12/19/2005 3:53 PM Page 169 9 School Violence Irvin Sam Schonfeld book on workplace violence requires a chapter on school violence. A Schools are where teachers and children work. One of the goals of the National Educational Goals Panel (2000), an independent agency of the executive branch of the federal government, is the following: Every local educational agency will develop and implement a policy to ensure that all schools are free of violence and the unauthorized presence of weapons. The goal applies to the safety of students, faculty, and staff. The purpose of this chapter is threefold. First, the chapter summarizes what is known about the prevalence of violence and weapons in U.S. schools. Other prob- lematic behaviors that plague schools, including verbally assaultive behavior and drug use, are not addressed. Second, the chapter examines theories that bear on school violence and the empirical evidence linked to those theories. Third, the chapter looks at attempts to prevent school violence and, conse- quently, the suffering school violence causes. Prevalence of Violence __________________________________ and Weapons in the Schools Before reviewing the literature on the prevalence of violence and weapons in schools (in this section I limit prevalence findings to the 1990s and later), it Author’s Note: I thank Pearl Knopf Schonfeld for her editorial suggestions and Mark Davies and Lynn Mollick for comments on specific sections of the chapter. 169 09-Kelloway-4838.qxd 12/19/2005 3:53 PM Page 170 170 SOURCES AND FORMS OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE is important to note a number of obstacles to accurately ascertaining the occurrence of violence. -
Cyberbullying and Ohio Schools: a Social Justice Framework to Understand and Create Change Lorri A
Cyberbullying and Ohio Schools: A Social Justice Framework to Understand and Create Change Lorri A. Gerwig-Parker Donna Tromski-Klingshirn Rebecca Kolssak Joshua D. Miller Wright State University Abstract In 2019, 36.5% of students, age 12-17, reported that they were cyberbullied at some point in their life. Cyberbullying is a growing problem within Ohio. Self-mutilation, attempted suicide, and death have been linked to victims of cyberbullying. Within Ohio, there are also legal implications for schools to consider. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems framework, different types of cyberbullies, bullying practices, and proposed solutions for cyberbullying can be addressed in a more comprehensive manner within the schools. Ultimately, schools can be the vanguards for social justice, creating the cultural shift to end cyberbullying and its devastating effects on victims. Keywords: cyberbullying, school administration and faculty, adolescents, social justice, ecological model Cyberbullying, also known as e-bullying or digital harassment, has grown from a technological possibility to a universal problem among communities of young people within the past two decades. Adolescent populations have both high rates of victimization and potentially severe consequences to their mental and physical health. Hinduja and Patchin (2019) indicated that 36.5% of adolescents ages 12 to 17 in the United States reported being cyberbullied at least once. Further, according to Pacer’s National Bullying Prevention Center (2019) only 33% of adolescent victims -
Tactics of Impression Management: Relative Success on Workplace Relationship Dr Rajeshwari Gwal1 ABSTRACT
The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) | ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 2, Issue 2, Paper ID: B00362V2I22015 http://www.ijip.in | January to March 2015 Tactics of Impression Management: Relative Success on Workplace Relationship Dr Rajeshwari Gwal1 ABSTRACT: Impression Management, the process by which people control the impressions others form of them, plays an important role in inter-personal behavior. All kinds of organizations consist of individuals with variety of personal characteristics; therefore those are important to manage them effectively. Identifying the behavior manner of each of these personal characteristics, interactions among them and interpersonal relations are on the basis of the impressions given and taken. Understanding one of the important determinants of individual’s social relations helps to get a broader insight of human beings. Employees try to sculpture their relationships in organizational settings as well. Impression management turns out to be a continuous activity among newcomers, used in order to be accepted by the organization, and among those who have matured with the organization, used in order to be influential (Demir, 2002). Keywords: Impression Management, Self Promotion, Ingratiation, Exemplification, Intimidation, Supplication INTRODUCTION: When two individuals or parties meet, both form a judgment about each other. Impression Management theorists believe that it is a primary human motive; both inside and outside the organization (Provis,2010) to avoid being evaluated negatively (Jain,2012). Goffman (1959) initially started with the study of impression management by introducing a framework describing the way one presents them and how others might perceive that presentation (Cole, Rozelle, 2011). The first party consciously chooses a behavior to present to the second party in anticipation of a desired effect. -
Early Unemployment and Subsequent Career Complexity: a Sequence-Based Perspective1
Early Unemployment and Subsequent Career Complexity: 1 A Sequence-Based Perspective By Anna Manzoni and Irma Mooi-Reci Abstract We aim to examine how previous unemployment affects future unemployment and career complexity over the life course. Theory suggests that unemployment triggers negative chains of ‘low-pay-no-pay’ circles. Using longitudinal data on men aged 18-64 from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we employ sequence-based methods to quantify career complexity and dynamic panel models to test our hypotheses about the process of cumulative disadvantage on employment careers for the previously unemployed workers over time. We find that unemployment ‘breeds’ unemployment and increases career complexity over the life course. However, unemployment at older ages leads to much higher career complexity than at younger ages. JEL Classification: J21; J60; J64 1 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 9th GSOEP Conference in Berlin, Germany. We thank the participants of the conference for their comments and suggestions. 1 1. Introduction In recent years, a considerable debate has arisen about the role played by trigger events (i.e., disruptive life course events such as childbirth, divorce, and unemployment) in generating patterns of social inequality (DiPrete, 2002; England and Budig, 2003; Gangl, 2004, 2006). Research suggests that trigger events in general, and unemployment in particular, cause a disproportionate drawback or ‘scar’ on subsequent labor market outcomes (Gangl, 2004; Jacobson et al. 1993; Gregg, 2001; Arulampalam et al., 2001). Although much has been learned about the consequences of unemployment, a detailed understanding of the persistence of these scarring effects on workers’ entire careers is not yet fully obtained. -
Demystifying the Gender Pay Gap Evidence from Glassdoor Salary Data
Research Report | March 2016 Demystifying the Gender Pay Gap Evidence From Glassdoor Salary Data By Dr. Andrew Chamberlain Chief Economist, Glassdoor Executive Summary This study examines the gender pay gap using a unique data set of hundreds of thousands of Glassdoor salaries shared anonymously by employees online. Unlike most studies, we include detailed statistical controls for specific job titles and company names. We estimate the gender pay gap in five countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany and France. • MAIN TAKEAWAY: The gender pay gap is real, both in the U.S. and around the world. Men earn more than women on average in every country we examined, both before and after adding statistical controls for personal characteristics, job title, company, industry and other factors designed to make an apples-to-apples comparison between workers. • HOW LARGE IS THE GAP? Based on more than 505,000 salaries shared by full-time U.S. employees on Glassdoor, men earn 24.1 percent higher base pay than women on average. In other words, women earn about 76 cents per dollar men earn. This is consistent with official sources that show women earn on average 75 to 80 cents per dollar earned by men.1 However, comparing workers with similar age, education and years of experience shrinks that gap to 19.2 percent. Further, comparing workers with the same job title, employer and location, the gender pay gap in the U.S. falls to 5.4 percent (94.6 cents per dollar). • We find a similar pattern in all five countries we examined: a large overall or “unadjusted” gender pay gap, which shrinks to a smaller “adjusted” pay gap once statistical controls are added. -
Blame Attribution in Sexual Victimization ⇑ Carin Perilloux , Joshua D
Personality and Individual Differences 63 (2014) 81–86 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Blame attribution in sexual victimization ⇑ Carin Perilloux , Joshua D. Duntley 1, David M. Buss University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States article info abstract Article history: The current study explored how victims and third-parties attribute blame and perpetrator motivation for Received 13 October 2013 actual sexual victimization experiences. Although we do not assert that victims are responsible for per- Received in revised form 24 January 2014 petrators’ behavior, we found that some victims do not allocate all blame to their perpetrator. We sought Accepted 25 January 2014 to examine how victims and third-parties allocate blame in instances of actual completed and attempted sexual victimization and how they perceived perpetrator motivations. Victims of completed rape (n = 49) and attempted sexual assault (n = 91), and third-parties who knew a victim of sexual assault (n = 152) Keywords: allocated blame across multiple targets: perpetrator, self/victim, friends, family, and the situation. Partic- Rape ipants also described their perceptions of perpetrator’s motivation for the sexual assault. Victims tended Blame Perpetrator to assign more blame to themselves than third-parties assigned to victims. Furthermore, victims per- Victim ceived perpetrators as being more sexually-motivated than third-parties did, who viewed perpetrators Sexual violence as more power-motivated. Results suggest that perceptions of rape and sexual assault significantly differ between victims and third-party individuals who have never directly experienced such a trauma. Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. -
What Bullying Is What Bullying Can Look Like in Elementary School What Bullying Can Look Like in Junior High School
FS-570 BulliesBullies When I was a young boy, What bullying is What bullying the bully called me names, stole my bicycle, forced With all the focus that has surrounded can look like in me off the playground. teenage gangs and gun violence, it may elementary school be easy to forget that the teenage years He made fun of me in are not the only times that children face Being a victim is the most common front of other children, violent behavior. In fact, aggressive in second grade, and the likelihood of forced me to turn over behavior and bullying are even more being bullied decreases each year after my lunch money each day, common in elementary school than in that (see Figure 1). Bullies in elementary threatened to give me junior and senior high! Some studies school are more likely to pick on children a black eye if I told suggest that around 20 percent of all younger than themselves. Bullying is adult authority figures. American children have been the victim often very physical in nature, with open At different times I was of bullying at some point in elementary attacks of aggression being the most subject to a wide range of school, and about the same number common. Boys are more likely to be degradation and abuse – have described themselves as engaging doing the bullying, but girls and boys de-pantsing, spit in my face, in some form of bullying behavior. are equally likely to be victims. forced to eat the playground Bullying can range from teasing, to dirt....To this day, their stealing lunch money, to a group of handprints, like a slap students physically abusing a classmate. -
The Bullying of Teachers Is Slowly Entering the National Spotlight. How Will Your School Respond?
UNDER ATTACK The bullying of teachers is slowly entering the national spotlight. How will your school respond? BY ADRIENNE VAN DER VALK ON NOVEMBER !, "#!$, Teaching Tolerance (TT) posted a blog by an anonymous contributor titled “Teachers Can Be Bullied Too.” The author describes being screamed at by her department head in front of colleagues and kids and having her employment repeatedly threatened. She also tells of the depres- sion and anxiety that plagued her fol- lowing each incident. To be honest, we debated posting it. “Was this really a TT issue?” we asked ourselves. Would our readers care about the misfortune of one teacher? How common was this experience anyway? The answer became apparent the next day when the comments section exploded. A popular TT blog might elicit a dozen or so total comments; readers of this blog left dozens upon dozens of long, personal comments every day—and they contin- ued to do so. “It happened to me,” “It’s !"!TEACHING TOLERANCE ILLUSTRATION BY BYRON EGGENSCHWILER happening to me,” “It’s happening in my for the Prevention of Teacher Abuse repeatedly videotaping the target’s class department. I don’t know how to stop it.” (NAPTA). Based on over a decade of without explanation and suspending the This outpouring was a surprise, but it work supporting bullied teachers, she target for insubordination if she attempts shouldn’t have been. A quick Web search asserts that the motives behind teacher to report the situation. revealed that educators report being abuse fall into two camps. Another strong theme among work- bullied at higher rates than profession- “[Some people] are doing it because place bullying experts is the acute need als in almost any other field.