Cover photo Credits: Anti-war march, Bangkok: Timo Kuronen Bringing the barriers down in Cancun, Mexico: Indy Media Center, uruguay, http://uruguay.indymedia.org/news/2003/09/17577.php Contents

2003 : A year of challenges 2 : Peace Building & Peoples Security 4 : Trade 22 : Finance & Development 29 : Trends & Analysis 35 : Alternatives 36 : Communications 41 : Organization & Administration 48 : Financial Report 55 : Contacts 56 A year 2003 of challenges

2003 posed massive challenges to global provided one of the major road maps civil society. The greatest occurred on for the global anti-war movement for April 20, when, in an unprovoked act the next year. of aggression reminiscent of Hitlerûs move into Czechoslovakia in September Even as resisting the US occupation 1, 1939, the US invaded Iraq. in Iraq drew much of our energies, we were also preparing for the confrontation Even before the invasion, Focus was that was building with the US and the already active in the movement against European Union in the realm of trade. the impending war. One of our contri- At the Fifth Ministerial of the World butions was to put together an Asian Trade Organization (WTO) slated for Parliamentary and Civil Society Mission Cancun, Mexico, in mid-September, that visited Baghdad on the eve of the powers of global trade were set the invasion, in mid-April. We hoped to drastically enlarge the jurisdiction of that along with so many other actions the WTO to cover non-trade issues throughout the world, our mission of investment, competition policy, and would contribute to a critical mass that government procurement, even as they would prevent war. After a few days were determined to keep the subsidies talking to Iraqis from all walks of life, to their agricultural interests that were we left a few hours before the bombs driving millions of small farmers in began to fall. We left sad at the the South from the land. We at Focus looming prospect that carnage and joined others in a massive drive in tragedy would overtake Iraqi society. international civil society to stop the But we were also impressed by the EU-US agenda. The failure of the big spirit of the people, particularly of the trading powers to impose their program young people we met at Baghdad in Cancun is often attributed to the University, who told us that had George united action of developing country Bush studied his history, he would have governments. That is only part of the realized that his troops would face truth, since it was the pressure from the same fate as the armies that had international civil society on these invaded and pillaged Mesopotamia for governments that forced them to stand the last 4,000 years. up to the EU and the US.

Soon after the invasion, Focus came Perhaps the most poignant and powerful together with representatives of anti-war symbol of civil society resistance to the organizations from throughout the world WTO was our comrade Lee Kyung Hae, in Jakarta in mid-May. The “Jakarta who committed suicide at the barricades Peace Consensusûû that was approved of Cancun to call attention to the silent 4 homicide being perpetrated on small Iraq, Cancun, and Mumbai did not, of farmers all over the world by the course, completely monopolize Focusû policies of free trade and monopoly energies. Among our other activities institutionalized in the WTO. in the course of the year were providing advice on alternative development A third major enterprise to which our strategies to governments in Laos, staff devoted much time and energy was Vietnam, and East Timor; doing research the World Social Forum process with and educating people on the Asian which Focus has been engaged since it Development Bank, World Bank, began in 2000. The Asian Social Forum and International Monetary Fund; and in Hyderabad in January 2003 and the working with the United Nations Eco- World Social Forum in Mumbai in nomic and Social Commission for January 2004 served as the bookends the Asia Pacific (UNESCAP) to hold for an immensely successful transfer of a conference challenging conventional the site of the WSF from Brazil to India. poverty-reduction approaches. The events married the hundreds of indoor teach-ins of Porto Alegre to I would like to report that the morale non-stop dynamic and colorful outdoor of our Focus staff has never been higher marches and rallies staged by workers, as we look forward to the challenges peasants, outcastes, and other of 2004. marginalized groups from India and Asia. In a country where the free-trade, neo- I would like to end by thanking all liberal trend appeared to have been of those partners, supporters, allies, securely ensconced at the top levels of funders that have provided us the government, the ASF and WSF posed inspiration, moral backing, and material the possibility of a radically different means without which we would not future built on justice and cooperation. have met the challenges of 2003. We would like to think that the impres- sive events attended by hundreds of thousands of people in Hyderabad and Walden Bello Mumbai contributed to the popular Executive Director mood that resulted in the ouster of the Bangkok, May 26, 2004 neo-liberal, fundamentalist BJP govern- ment in the recent Indian elections.

5 Peace Building & 2003 Peoples Security

This programme was extremely dynamic an agenda of common campaigns and and intense throughout 2003. The year activities. (See Box 2) started with a commitment to the Febru- ary 15 worldwide demonstrations against The key activities identified in the JPC: the war on Iraq and Focus staff were the Iraq International War Tribunal, the actively involved in mobilising in India, International Occupation Watch Centre, Philippines and Thailand. the Anti-War Assembly of the World Social Forum and the International Cam- In the months preceding the invasion paign on US Bases have all developed of Iraq, Focus produced several articles into viable and vibrant processes and analysing the situation, and participated campaigns in which Focus is an active in numerous anti-war events and activi- participant working together with net- ties. works of other activists, movements, researchers and intellectuals. Immediately prior to the invasion, Focus mounted an international peace mission The International Occupation Watch of parliamentarians and activists to Iraq, Centre was established in Baghdad who were in Baghdad from March 13- in August 2003. The founding board 18, one day before the US invasion. comprised eight organsiations: Bridges Mission members were Dita Sari, Hussin to Baghdad (Italy), Civil Missions for the Amin, Walden Bello, Zulfiqar Gondal Protection of the Palestinian People and Etta Rosales. (See Box 1) (CCIPPP, France), Focus on the Global South (Thailand), Global Exchange Following the invasion, Focus acted (USA), Institute of Policy Studies (USA), quickly to convene an international Code Pink (USA), and ZENKO and meeting of anti-war and anti-globalisation PARC (Japan). The Centre is staffed by movements and campaigns, with the an Iraqi director, local and international intention of developing a common staff. Herbert Docena from Focus spent position, strategy and agenda of anti-war one month working out of the OWC activities. The Jakarta Peace Conference in December 2003, preparing reports was held in Indonesia from 19-21 May, on the activities of the corporations, and the resulting document, the Jakarta and the implementation of economic Peace Consensus (JPC), has become one reforms in Iraq. The Centre produces of the key documents uniting the inter- regular bulletins, news reports and ana- national anti-war movement and setting lysis on the impacts of the occupation 6 in Iraq. These are circulated weekly via San Jose, US; New York, USA, Rome, email and the OWC website is updated Italy; and Istanbul, Turkey. (See Box 3) several times a day (www.occupation watch.org) The US Bases Campaign is developing strongly, with a widespread grassroots The War Tribunal on Iraq (WTI) got base of local and national peace and off the ground with an international anti-bases campaigns. At present, more meeting in Istanbul in September 2003. than 100 groups are active in an email Campaigners from many countries were list established to connect the various represented and agreed on a common campaigns. Focus helped organise framework for the Tribunal, while a day-long meeting on the US bases leaving enough scope for local cam- campaign during the WSF in Mumbai in paigns to adopt their own approach. January, and in the late months of 2003, The process is progressing well, and Focus staff were active in facilitating the to date, hearings have been held in preparations for this event which was Brussels, Belgium; Hiroshima, Japan; a success beyond all expectations. (See London, UK; Mumbai, India; Tokyo, Box 4) Japan; Barcelona, Spain; Copenhagen, Denmark; Monterrey, Mexico; Munich, Finally, Focus was very committed to Germany; Osaka, Japan; Paris, France; helping organise the Anti-war Assem- bly of the WSF and facilitated the conference calls for the 14-member planning group. Again, the defining character of this process is that activists and campaigns from all continents in the North and the South worked together to plan and prepare a common event to strengthen international networking and campaigns. Many of the participants from the Jakarta meeting were involved in this project. It was an unequivocal success, and many participants com- mended Focus for helping to bring this Anti-war march, Manila, February,2003 about. A full report of the WSF Anti-war Assembly is Box 5. 7 A WAR ON THE CHILDREN, NOT ON SADDAM Report of the Asian Peace Mission to Iraq, 13-18 March 2003 In justifying its war on Iraq, the United of the prestigious Magsaysay award; Walden States has swung between claiming that the Bello, executive director of Focus on the country harbors weapons of mass destruction Global South, a regional policy research and terrorists to saying that its president is and advocacy center with offices in Manila, a brutal tyrant who needs to be deposed in Mumbai, and Bangkok; and Zulfiqar Ali order to ùliberateû the Iraqi people. Gondal, a Member of Pakistanûs National Assembly. The first reason is obviously a non-starter given that the case for this justification was The team came out of Baghdad hours before built on forged documents, plagiarized the deadline of the US ultimatum convinced dossiers, and exaggerated intelligence. No of at least one thing: This will not be a war less than the UNûs chief inspector Hans Blix against Saddam Hussein. This will be a war has openly accused the US of fabricating against the Iraqi people, half of whom are evidence; even the FBI and the CIA were children. They have been suffering from an reported to have protested against the distor- ongoing war, waged in the form of economic tion of their intelligence reports. Clearly, the sanctions, and their suffering will only be UN weapons inspection process has led to exacerbated by another war. and still continues to lead to the disarmament of the country. There is no reason to stop Moreover, the oft-debunked yet still oft- it now. repeated analogy between Saddam Hussein and Adolf Hitler that is used to exaggerate An Asian Peace Mission, composed of civil the threat of Iraq - and to justify the war - society leaders and parliamentarians, went does not stand. Germany in Hitlerûs time was to Iraq on the eve of war not only to express the most advanced industrialized nation in the Asian solidarity with fellow Asians, but also world. The mission members found out for to see for themselves the real condition of the themselves that Iraq, contrary to popular Iraqi people and the possible effects of war depiction, is a country that has been effec- on the population. tively brought down to its knees. It is a ravaged nation. The team was headed by Rep. Loretta Ann Rosales, chair of the Committee of Human çAre these the people Rights of the Philippine House of Represen- you are planning to kill?é tatives. Its members include Rep. Hussin The team arrived in Damascus on Thursday, Amin, also of the Philippine Congress, March 13, but - after hours of waiting at the representing Sulu province where US troops airport - only managed to fly into Baghdad are planned to be sent for actual combat; Friday night. Dita Sari, a labor leader from Indonesia and recipient After the parliamentary membersû courtesy 8 call on the Speaker of the Iraqi national 131 per 1000 children. At Dr Hassanûs assembly in the morning of March 15, the hospital alone, two to three children now die peace mission immediately took off for the every week because of different kinds of Al Mansour Childrenûs Hospital to see for cancers and complications. themselves some of the worst effects of the ongoing embargo against the country. çI feel very sorry when I go to the ward and stand beside my patient,é Dr Hassan told the In the aftermath of the first Gulf War in mission members. çI can do nothing for him 1991, the United States, working through simply because the drug is not available.é the United Nations, prohibited Iraqûs impor- tation of products that they fear could be Dr Hassan, who cannot even afford to buy used for the manufacture of weapons of mass updated medicinal books - much less attend destruction. In practice, this has meant that international medical conferences - toured thousands of sick children have been denied the mission members around the hospital. access to medicine and medical services. Economic pressures caused by the embargo, According to the United Nations, up he explained, have meant deteriorating to half a million children have died as hospital facilities. Of the eight elevators, only a direct result of the economic sanctions. two works. There is no Internet connection. At the hospital, the peace mission visited With only a limited number of air-condi- Salah, a five year-old leukemia patient who tioners working, Dr Hassan said most is only waiting for certain death. His life hospital rooms would become unbearably could have been saved had he undergone hot once summer comes and temperature hits radiotherapy but the chemicals needed have as high as 60 degrees centigrade. And Al been effectively out of reach because of US Mansour is already one of the countryûs fears that these might be used for producing premier hospitals. Conditions are so much nuclear weapons. Cases of cancer after have worse in most of the other hospitals. increased considerably after the United States used depleted uranium in attacking Iraq Dr Hassan pointedly observed how the US, during the Gulf War. with its use of depleted uranium during the war, caused the sickness of thousands of The mission also met Murtazan, a three Iraqi children. Now, with its enforcement year-old child suffering from lymphoma of economic sanctions, it is preventing who may yet survive but only if his treat their treatment and, in effect, ensuring ment continues - an uncertain possibility their painful death. given the arbitrary and often delayed ap proval of requests for medicine. After meeting the children who are yet to die in the cancer ward, the mission were guided According to Dr Murtada Hassan, the to the hospitalûs art room where Dr Hassan shortage in drugs has been a catastrophe for showed the paintings and craftworks of those Iraqi children. Before the sanctions in 1989, Iraqi children who have already died. Hang- an average of only 56 in 1000 children ing on the wall were pictures of young Iraqi under five years old died every year. In patients, accompanied with the question, 1999, that number more than doubled to çMr Bush, are these the people you 9 are planning to kill?é At one point, Dr words, is - given the strong possibility of Hassan, took some pictures displayed on a widespread outbreak of diseases - merely the shelves, saying, çThis one, we lost last to make sure that the children will be healthy week. That one, we lost a month ago.é enough to die. Healthy enough to die The real terrorism The peace mission then proceeded to the After visiting the sick and the dying, the headquarters of the UNICEF in Baghdad. mission went on to visit the dead. There, the UNICEF representative to the country, Dr. Carel de Rooy, briefed them In February 1991, as the US-led coalition further on the condition of Iraqi children. began pounding Baghdad with bombs, scores The picture he painted was dire and bleak. of families hid at the Al Amiriya bomb Iraq has one of the worldûs worst child shelter in the hope of surviving the war. mortality rates in the world. In the last The thick walls of the structure proved to decade, it had the greatest increase in be no protection. mortality rates - worse even than those of the poorest countries in the world. This Around 4am on February 12, a daisy cutter does not come as a surprise given that bomb launched by the United States fell on the incidence of preventable diseases has its roof, bore a three-meter hole through increased by more than 100% since 1990. floors, and exploded. Four hundred and Five million Iraqis lack access to safe water. seven people, most of them sleeping women Eighty percent of them eat too little. Of the and children, were instantly killed. It is women, three out of five are anemic. The a number that current US State Secretary percentage of children under five who are Colin Powell - asked in 1991 about how chronically malnourished is, in de Rooyûs many civilians were killed in the war - is words, çabsurdly high.é çnot terribly interested in.é De Rooy stressed that the sanctions are not The pictures of these 407 war crime victims solely to blame. çBut the sanctions have now line some of the halls of the Al Amiriya hurt and they have hurt tremen-dously.é shelter, now a museum that preserves the At the root of the Iraqisû woes, de Rooy way the place looked like in the aftermath conceded, is the economic embargo. of the bombing. The walls are still black from the ash and the soot. The big gaping In response to the impending war, the hole through the roof and floors has become UNICEF is making sure that the Iraqis its central attraction. Mangled and bent wires will at least be healthy enough to resist the and rods snake across the pillars. Dark and sicknesses that war will bring, de Rooy said. thick bloodstains forming the outline of the If the US attacks power installations and bodies of the victims still mark the floors. water and sewage treatment plants again, as they did in 1991, the result will be In that instant when the bomb exploded, catastrophic in terms of hygiene and the a mother who was cradling her baby was spread of diseases. violently thrown off against the wall, leaving a visible outline reminiscent of çMadonna and What the UNICEF would be doing, in other childé against the black canvas of the wall. 10 çThis is the real terrorism,é remarked of requests for goods and medicine- earned a visitor who was moved to tears by pictures by Iraq in the form of oil revenues- still of the roasted charred bodies recovered after have to be delivered to people in dire need the bombing. of them. In the evening, the mission paid a courtesy Despite this, Mubarak told the mission that the call to Adbul Razzaq Al-Hashmi, former Iraqi people have not only managed to get by, ambassador to Germany and France, who they have also been forced to be more self- argued that the economic sanctions and the reliant and self-sufficient. çWe have become threat of war have turned Iraq into a giant different Iraqis since 1991,é he said. refugee camp where people do nothing but eat and sleep. Like Tybalt At the Baghdad University, the peace More self-reliant mission members saw for themselves the The following day, March 16, the mission academic communityûs defiant resolve not started the day by visiting the Iraqi Ministry to let war get in the way of their education. of Health. Dr Umaid Mubarak, the Minister On the eve of war, there were classes as of Health, elaborated on the effects of the usual. Students were milling on the schoolûs embargo and the war. He recounted how the corridors, playing volleyball on the grounds, offices of the health ministry was among or - in one class - studying William those that were bombed as military targets Shakepeareûs Romeo and Juliet. The team during the previous war. For some reason, walked into this English literature class and drug stores and medical dispensaries were spoke with around fifty, mostly female, also destroyed. college students to ask them what they thought of the coming war. Mubarak riled against the unfair and unjust manner by which the sanctions were being The students knew what this war was about enforced and the process by which the Oil and what it was not about. They knew their for Food Program was being implemented. history by heart. On US President George Under this program, Iraq is allowed to sell its Bushûs pronouncements that theyûre bombing oil then use its revenues for buying what it Iraq to liberate them, one student retorted, needs. But what it needs only a special UN çThatûs what those who wanted to conquer committee virtually controlled by the United Iraq through the centuries all said.é States can determine. The US and its allies hope that the suffering Iraq can only make requests for certain items, wrought by the embargo and the war will including medicines, subject to the approval compel the Iraqi people to rise up against of this special committee. This process has Saddam Hussein. Instead, theyûre only not only been tedious; it has often been solidifying their support for him. This was capricious. Requests for certain items which evident in the way student after student could theoretically be used for chemical expressed their support for the regime and weapons but which are absolutely necessary their disgust for Bush. çHeûs like Tybalt,é for certain medical treatment have been one student, alluding to a character in Romeo turned down. As much as $5.2 billion worth and Juliet, was moved to say. 11 Professor Abdul Sattar Jawad said that while conference attended by reporters of media some buildings in the university were outfits from Europe, Canada, and the Middle bombed in 1991, he and his students still East, the mission discussed their objectives see the school as their refuge. He recounted for coming to Baghdad at this critical time. how, back then, a Ph.D candidate was defending his dissertation even as bombs Rep. Etta Rosales stressed that the mission were falling down elsewhere in the city. hopes to express a strong message of Asian solidarity to their fellow Asians, the Iraqi Jawad thinks the idea that Iraqis will be cheer- people. Rep. Hussin Amin emphasized that ing out of the streets and welcoming their his district in Mindanao may soon be the next çliberatorsé when they arrive in Baghdad is target of American military deployment. wishful thinking. He says that the embargo Zulfiqar Gondal answered questions about the has definitely affected the educational system sentiment of the Pakistani people regarding by making it difficult to import books and the war. Dita Sari shared the Indonesian by making it impossible for him to attend peopleûs sympathy for their fellow Muslims international academic conferences. who will be most affected by the conflict. Jawad, who lectures on American writers like The press conference was broadcast that William Faulkner and F. Scott Fitzgerald, evening on Iraqi and Arab television, said heûs finding it increasingly difficult to enabling the team to accomplish one teach his students to distinguish between of its primary objectives: to convey the American culture and American aggression. message of Asian solidarity directly to the In the face of a hailstorm of bombs, he asks, Iraqi people in their hour of need. çHow can I convince my students that American culture or democracy is good?é Afterwards, some of the mission members went to Baghdadûs Freedom Square to attend But he is convinced and, it seems, so are his the unveiling of a giant anti-war mural students. Asked whether the books theyûre painted by famous Korean artist Choi Byung studying shows that the United States is Soo. There they met other peace delegations inherently aggressive and violent, the stu- from Mexico, Japan, and Korea. At one dents were unanimous in saying çNo.é All point, the mission was approached by a man of the students agreed that continuing to struggling to say in English that Iraqis were go to school is their strongest statement in very happy to have all of them in their city. showing their resolve not to be dampened by the threat of war. Staying at home, they said, In the evening, the team organized an Asian is already a sign of despair and surrender. Solidarity Night to gather and discuss with representatives of many of the other foreign International solidarity contingents who have gathered in Baghdad to After the visit to the university, the mission oppose the war. They shared their findings, went to the Press Center at the Ministry of insights, and plans with peace activists from Information building where scores of interna- as varied a set of countries as Australia, tional news organizations have set up offices Ukraine, Russia, Italy, Canada, Sweden, and have even put up camps to monitor the South Korea, Japan, the United Kingdom, situation in Baghdad. During the press and the United States. 12 They also used the occasion to formally The team was originally planning to stay on acknowledge the invaluable assistance of until the night of March 17 - possibly even Kathy Kelly from Voices in the Wilderness, the 18th - but by this time, it had been the organization that has been sending announced that the flight back to Damascus batches of Americans to Baghdad, including had been cancelled. The price of renting vans some 9-11 victims; Han Sang Jin of the for overland trips across the border had more Nonviolent Peaceforce-Korea; Wadah than tripled and there was less and less Qasimy and Hasan al-Baghdadi of the Iraqi assurance of securing one as staff of em- foreign ministry; and Fahdi Hefashy, honor- bassies, UN agencies, as well as Iraqis ary consul of the Philippines to Syria; and scrambled for vehicles. The evacuation Grace Escalante, Philippine consul general of Baghdad began even before the mission to Iraq. arrived but accelerated on the night of March 16, the even of the US ultimatum on Iraq Some of the foreign delegates who were to disarm. in Iraq plan to stay on even during the war. They give themselves just a twenty per cent It was for these reasons that despite their survival rate in case war breaks out. A intent to continue their fact-finding mission, number of them are determined to camp out the mission was forced to pack up and leave as çhuman shieldsé to protect military targets the following morning, heeding the urgent such as hospitals, bridges, power installa- and insistent advice of the Philippine consul tions, and water treatment plans. Bombing general. On the road to Damascus, the these sites is considered a war crime. mission encountered cars ferrying families fleeing to safer ground and forming long Evacuation queues at the gasoline stations. The program of activities was independently designed and discussed by the mission As the team was leaving the country at the members - not imposed or pre-arranged by Iraq-Syria border, the team chanced upon the Iraqi government. In between the events, and talked with a group of volunteers from the mission had the chance to interact with Morocco, Algeria, Palestine, and Syria who Iraqis from all walks of life - taxi drivers, were entering Iraq to fight the United States waiters, government employees, shopkeepers, and its allied troops. After a grueling 15- policemen, etc. These interactions were hour trip, the peace mission arrived in spontaneous and random - not guided by Damascus on March 18 then left for Manila, minders from the Iraqi government. Jakarta, and Karachi the next day. By the night of March 16, the Palestine The mission promised to bring the message Hotel, where the mission and many other of the Iraqi people back home to their foreign journalists and peace activists were respective countries: This is not a war against staying, was abuzz with the news of Bushûs terrorists. This is not a war against Saddam. final ultimatum to the United Nations and This is a war against the Iraqi people, Saddam. Not a few delegates were seen especially the children who make up half openly shedding tears and bidding goodbye of the population. to those who were leaving and those who were staying. 13 Mission members: Rep. Loretta Ann Rosales, Head of Mission, Akbayan! party-list representative to the Philippine House of Representatives and chair of the Committee on Human Rights Prof. Walden Bello, executive director, Focus on the Global South (Mumbai, Bangkok, Manila) Zulfiqar Ali Gondal, Member of Pakistanûs National Assembly Dita Sari, labor leader from Indonesia, Magsaysay awardee, 2001 Rep. Hussin Amin, representative of the first district of Sulu, Philippine House of Representatives Jim Libiran and Ariel Fulgado, reporter and cameraman from çThe Correspondents,é a television documentary show Herbert Docena, Research Associate, Focus on the Global South

14 INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY IN THE ERA OF GLOBALISATION AND MILITARISM International Peace Conference 19-21 May 2003 in Jakarta

JAKARTA PEACE CONSENSUS for the effects of more than 10 years of sanctions. We call for the scrapping of all We the undersigned, peace and justice Iraqi debt. At the same time we note the activists representing social movements and hypocrisy of the US government in calling networks from 26 countries in Asia, Europe, for this cancellation to serve its objectives, Australia, Africa, Latin and North America, while demanding payment of onerous debts have come together in Jakarta, Indonesia. from all other developing countries. Over the last three days we have voiced our outrage at the escalating military aggression While tanks and bombs destroyed Iraq, in led by the US government, most recently nearby Palestine the US-backed Israeli armed against Iraq. forces continued to murder, harass and incarcerate the Palestinian people in measures We declare the war and invasion of Iraq to reminiscent of Apartheid South Africa. We be unjust, illegal and illegitimate and call on commit ourselves to the international struggle the international community to condemn this for the end of the colonial occupation of US-led aggression. We demand an immedi- Palestine, and call for the dismantling of all ate withdrawal of all foreign troops from Israeli settlements and the right of return for Iraq and that Iraqis be allowed to determine all Palestinian refugees. We condemn the their future in line with the principle of self- continued US interference in Palestine and determination. This conference calls on all demand the recognition of Palestinian governments to withhold recognition from national rights as a precondition for a just any regime set up in Iraq by the US occupiers. and therefore lasting peace in the region. We propose to the peace and justice move- We see the invasion of Iraq as part of the ments the establishment of an international on-going economic war against peoples of PeoplesûTribunal to pass judgement on the the South. Under the rules of the IMF/World perpetrators of the war and investigate war Bank and WTO our world is becoming crimes. The war allies must take political, increasingly unjust and unequal. The WTO moral and economic responsibility for their meeting in Cancun, Mexico, in September crimes. This includes the payment of war will be another forum at which the leaders reparations directly to the Iraqis, who should of the imperialist world will plan their administer the reconstruction of their country strategies. They are plunging the world independently of the control of foreign into a series of wars in the quest for oil, corporations, the World Bank, the IMF and for economic and political hegemony and UN. Similarly, permanent members of the to ensure the subjugation of the working UN Security Council must take responsibility class and impoverished masses. 15 In the name of fighting çterrorismé the US against political activists and opponents of government has created the indefensible the dominant order. We aim to maintain the concept of pre-emptive war. Beneath this broadest possible unity among our diverse banner it has attacked Afghanistan yesterday, organisations including organisations from Iraq today, while tomorrowûs targets may the Islamic community, environmental be Syria, Iran, North Korea, Venuezuela, groups, and movements opposing racism Colombia, Cuba or any other nation that is and sexism. Our work will be linked to the seen as opposing the US governmentûs growing social and class movements resisting political and economic interests. neo-liberal globalisation, as war through guns and bombs is only the bloodiest expres- We note with concern the growing militarisation sion of domination by neo-liberalism and of the world, which is expressed both in open imperialism. and covert wars and the proliferation of US military bases, increasing military expen- We believe that a world free of war, exploi- diture and military operations. We also tation, inequality, poverty and repression is oppose acts of aggression, whether they possible. We see the reality of this alternative be against the people of Aceh, Mindanao, visible within the the growing movements of Kashmir or Kurdistan. In this atmosphere of youth, women, workers, students, migrants, militarism, police harassment of marginalised the unemployed, human rights and peace and communities, migrants and ethnic minorities justice activists and citizens who are bringing is escalating. We call for global disarmament. their spirit, energy and work together in the In particular we demand the decommission- fight for genuine peace based on global ing of all nuclear weapons. We support the justice for all the worldûs peoples. call for the Middle East to become a zone free of weapons of mass destruction, not least We call upon all organisations, social in Israel, the state with the most destructive movements and persons who share our capacity. analysis and plan of action to join our common efforts oriented towards the creation We resolve to continue to build the inter- of a worldwide Solidarity Network for Global national peace and justice movement, which Peace at a future time, particularly during the showed its strength so dramatically on 14- meetings in Evian (G-8 summit), Cancun 16 February, 2003, where millions marched (WTO-Conference), the regional Social against the war in Iraq. Forums and the next World Social Forum in Bombay. Our principles include building a genuine internationalism from below, where we establish a new international community based on equality and democracy. While our work is international, we will also challenge our own national governments where their policies contribute to war, militarism and neo-liberalism. We oppose war in all forms whether open, declared, interstate war, war against social movements, economic war against the poor peoples of the world or war 16 WORLD TRIBUNAL ON IRAQ PLATFORM TEXT Istanbul, October 29 2003

Origins of the project and its allies. If the official authorities fail, The idea that had sprung up in several places then moral authority can speak for the world. around the world of organising an interna- Our legitimacy derives from: tional tribunal against the war in Iraq, was ✸ taking this initiative owing to the failure discussed and in principle supported at the of official international institutions to hold Anti-War Meetings in Berlin, Jakarta and accountable those who committed grave Geneva, Paris and Cancun. The Jakarta Peace international crimes and constitute Consensus made a declaration committing a menace to world peace; itself to the realization of an international war ✸ being part of the worldwide anti-war crimes tribunal. The Networking Conference movement which expressed its opposition (European and Cordoba Networks for Peace to this invasion; and Human Rights) organized by the Bertrand ✸ the Iraqi people resisting occupation; Russel Peace Foundation in Brussels also ✸ the duty of all people of conscience to devoted time and space for the discussion of take action against wars of aggression, the issue and the idea received broad support. war crimes, crimes against humanity and other breaches of international law; The working group formed at this networking ✸ acting on the basis of the struggles of the conference in Brussels on 26/27 June, 2003, past to develop systems of peaceful discussed the idea and possibilities of con- co-existence and prevent future aggres- ening an international tribunal to investigate sion and breaches of the UN Charter; and establish the crimes perpetrated against ✸ giving voice to the voiceless victims of the people of Iraq and humanity. The group this war we are articulating the concerns in Turkey was entrusted with the task of of civil society as expressed in the most acting as the secretariat and clearinghouse, active parts of the social justice and peace carrying out the coordination in close contact movements; with the groups in Brussels, Hiroshima, New ✸ bringing the principles of international law York, London and others. to the forefront. The meeting of the Coordination Committee Our legitimacy will be earned through the in Istanbul on October 27-29 2003 decided process of achieving our aims. upon the concept, the form and the aims of the project. The tasks of the tribunal The first task of the tribunal is to investigate The legitimacy of the project the crimes committed by the US government A war of aggression was launched despite the in launching the Iraq war. In spite of the opposition of people and governments all world movement that condemned this war over the world, yet there is no court or and against all international legislation the authority that will judge the acts of the US US government forced its premeditated war- 17 strategy upon the world. Moreover the US- endeavour but should be backed by government requests impunity and puts itself a strong international network. Anti-war above all international laws and conventions. and peace movements, which carried out the big mass movements against the at- The second task is to investigate allegations tack on Iraq have in principle adopted the of war crimes during the aggression, crimes idea of indicting the aggressors and turn- against occupation law, genocide and crimes ing this into a campaign. against humanity. These may include the 3. We consider the tribunal as a continuing sanctions, the use of illegal weapons which process. The investigation of what kill over generations, such as uranium happened in Iraq is of prime importance weapons. to restore truth and preserve collective memory against the constant rewriting of The third task is to investigate and expose the history. We have to challenge the silence broader context of the New Imperial World of the international institutions and Order. The tribunal would therefore consider impress on them to fulfill their obligations the doctrines of çpre-emptive waré and all to international law. In judging the recent its entails: çbenevolent hegemonyé, çfull past our aim is to prevent illegal wars spectrum dominanceé and çmultiple simulta- in the future. In this process the tribunal neous theatre warsé In this process the can formulate recommendations on tribunal will investigate the vast economic international law and expand notions of interests that are involved in this war-logic. justice and ethical-political awareness. It can contribute to break the tradition The tribunal will, after examining reports and of victorsû tribunals and give a voice to evidence, listening to witnesses (Iraqi and the victims of the war. In doing so we international) and hearing victims, reach support the demand of large parts of a decision. world public opinion and the Iraqi people to end the occupation and restore Iraqi The aims sovereignty. In organising this International Tribunal 4. The International Tribunal initiative wants we pursue four fundamental aims. to inscribe itself in a broader movement to stop the establishment of the new imperial 1. Our first goal is to establish the facts and world order as a permanent state of to inform the public about crimes against exception with constant wars as one of peace, war crimes and crimes during the its main tools. The Tribunal can bring occupation, about the real goals behind a moral, political and judicial judgment this war, about the inspiration of the that contributes to build a world of peace American politics and the dangers they and justice. present for world peace. This is espe cially important to contribute in breaking Form of the tribunal the wall of lies diffused by the war-coa- The general plan is to hold an independent lition and their imbedded press. world tribunal with: associated events, 2. For the peace movement and the global associated commissions of inquiry, commis- anti-war protest, the tribunal presents an sions of investigation, hearings and specific opportunity to continue mobilisation. The issue tribunal sessions in various countries, tribunal should not remain an academic culminating in a final tribunal session in 18 Istanbul. So far, there will be hearings in against general Tommy Franks in Belgium) Brussels and Hiroshima. Other proposals at or international courts (ICC). Timing the moment include New York, Copenhagen and Mexico. Associated events will be held The core series of hearings will start on in London and Mumbai. Wednesday April 14 2004 in Brussels and end in final tribunal session in Istanbul that Being confronted with the paradox that we will start on March 20 2005, second want to end impunity but we do not have the anniversary of the start of the war in Iraq. enforcement power to do so, we have to steer These will be preceded by intensive inquir- a middle way between mere political protest ies, networking and campaigning. and academic symposiums without any judi- cial ambition on the one hand and on the Appeal to the national and other hand impeccable procedural trials of international movements which the outcome is known beforehand. We address an appeal to all organizations and This paradox that we are just citizens and individuals to support this project. therefore have no right to judge in a strict We invite organizations to endorse and judicial way and have at the same time have participate at various levels. They could: the duty as citizens to oppose criminal and 1. Undertake to organize a hearing or an war policies should be our starting point and associated event. our strength. 2. Host a hearing. 3. Contribute by contacts, names of people Although these commissions of inquiry will who would qualify to take part in the be working in conformity with an overall various components of the tribunal and concept that will apply to the whole tribunal establish the initial contacts with those (spelled out in the Charter), the hearings will people. also have some autonomy concerning format. 4. Contribute names & contacts of persons By approaching the Iraq case from as many and organizations of expertise who are angles as possible (international law, war already researching into the various crimes, occupational law, political and aspects of the crimes and violations in economical analysisû), we strengthen our question. common objective to end impunity and resist 5. Undertake to follow up with the prepara- the imperial wars. In this way the hearings tion of certain reports and make them will mutually enforce each other and all available for the use of the tribunal. the findings will be brought together in the 6. Build a web page in as many languages as final session in Istanbul. In order to be as possible and constant flow of information. inclusive as possible, we will support and 7. Undertake to organize the local campaigns recognize all endeavors to resist impunity. around the tribunal. The project will endorse and support the 8. Contribute financially towards meeting efforts to bring national authorities and the expenses involved in realizing this warmongers to national (like the complaint tribunal.

19 REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL US BASES CONFERENCE Word Social Forum 2004 Mumbai, India 17 & 20 January 2004

By many accounts and according to the as environmental and human rights groups, feedback from many participants, the inter- anti-IMF-WB and anti-debt campaigners, national anti-US bases conference during the as well as from the womenûs movement. World Social Forum 2004 in Mumbai was highly successful and very promising. It The conference had two sessions: The first brought together 125 participants, including cast the issue of US foreign military presence many long-time and new anti-bases cam- and the campaigns against as part of the paigners, from as many as 34 countries. It larger process of corporate-driven globaliza- provided a space for people to share their tion and the resistance to it. In this session, experiences living with US military presence the USû motives for stationing troops and and present their own local struggles to military hardware abroad was assessed. confront it. More importantly, the conference Twenty panelists from around the world gave them an opportunity to put their heads shared their experiences struggling against together and begin thinking about a joint and US bases over the years. collectively coordinated global campaign against US bases. In the second session, the group began discussing what the objectives of the network Held during the WSF, an annual gathering should be, what specific projects need to be against corporate-driven globalization and undertaken, and how best to work together. war, the conference allowed the activists to contextualize the anti-bases movement as As priorities, it was suggested that the group part of a broader global movement against refines the meaning of çUS military presenceé, neo-liberal globalization and imperialism. continue to monitor US bases around the With this conference as the first step, the world, as well as map the growing resistance potential from bringing together anti- bases to them. For the network to mobilize more activists around the world is now being people, a website was deemed necessary and realized. the list-serve must be expanded. Participa- tion in the March 20 Global Day of Action Highlights was highly encouraged. The best date for an The conference is a continuation of the International Day of Action against US Bases process of initiating and launching an inter- is still being debated. national campaign against US foreign bases. Certain political and operational questions It gathered 125 participants from 34 coun- began to emerge: To what extent should the tries, with many community-based anti- campaign focus exclusively on US bases? bases campaigners as well as representatives Should the perspective be anti-imperialist from other movements and campaigns such or antimilitarist? 20 Would it be strategic to focus on key sites of To thresh out these issues and to plan further, struggle? What would be the value-added of a larger and longer gathering was proposed to an international network? continue the process of launching an interna- tional campaign.

REPORT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE ANTI-WAR MOVEMENT January 16-21, 2004 Mumbai, India

February 15, 2003 will from henceforth be Genoa. But for geographical and financial remembered as the day of the biggest global constraints, most of these gatherings were mobilization in history. Around eight to small relative to the movementsû very broad fifteen million people poured out into the constituency and not very representative streets in hundreds of cities around the world relative to the movementûs diversity. In these to protest against the war on Iraq. It is a war dangerous times, there is an urgent need to that has brought to fore the links between bring together the largest and most repre- corporate-led globalization and militarisation: sentative assembly of anti-war and anti- the same forces and motives driving neo- corporate globalization activists to date. liberal globalization are the same forces The war on Iraq has seen the emergence and driving war and with the same effects of strengthening of a global peace and justice destruction and misery on the powerless. As movement; it is now time to discuss and a result, it is war that has forced the conver- decide on how this movement should move gence between the peace movement and the forward. anti-corporate led globalization movement where they have been previously separate. In The coming World Social Forum (WSF) many cases, it was the former that provided in Mumbai affords us this opportunity. The the organizational base, the networks, and the WSF expects to draw around 100,000 analyses to the anti-war cause. Both move- delegates from India and up to 10,000 ments have been broadened and reinvigorated delegates from around the world - most of as a result. A global peace and justice them deeply committed and actively involved movement is born. in both the anti-war and anti-neoliberal globalization struggles. The WSF offers the This emerging movement was the product of most practical possibility for advocates to extensive organizing at the grassroots level gather in one space, imagine themselves as and coordination at the international level. part of something bigger, and think together Before and after the war on Iraq, various and debate on the movementûs next steps. As significant anti-war strategy meetings and such, being a once-a-year event, all efforts conferences were held in Florence, Cairo, must be taken and no stones should be left Chiapas, London, Jakarta, Geneva, and unturned to ensure that this event becomes 21 the biggest and most representative meeting against terroré promises to be an unrelenting of anti-war movements to date. offensive. World defense expenditures are also on an increase, as is nuclear proliferation The WSF Anti-War General Assembly and new missile systems. In this context, it is should be an occasion for analyzing and necessary to sustain the movement, link it debating the current global conjuncture as it with other social and progressive movements, relates to militarisation and globalization and broaden the base, and move forward. For for assessing the nature and experience of the this, a meeting of activists and peace move- antiwar movement in the run-up to the war. ment organizers-the largest and most repre- More importantly, the Assembly could be sentative possible-is of critical and of urgent a venue for discussing the movementsû importance. priorities and strategies and come out with a detailed and concrete plan of action for its Assembly working group campaigns and projects for the coming year. Work on the Assembly began last September. Given that some of these campaigns have At first there were just a number of groups since been conceived, the Assembly could but with a concerted effort at reaching out also be an occasion for launching anti-war to others, the working group became highly projects such as the International Peopleûs representative of the anti-war movement. It Tribunal on Iraq and the international cam- has organizations from almost all continents, paign against US bases. many of the largest anti-war coalitions, the social movements and also many key and Holding the event in the WSF should serve to strategic groups working against corporate further underscore the fusion between the so- globalization called traditional peace movement and the anti-neoliberal movements that made up the Members of the working group: Anti-War mass of the anti-war movement in many Coalition, South Africa Salim Vally; Asian countries. As one of the possible major Peace Alliance Nighat Said Khan; Asian events of the WSF, the assembly should also Peace Alliance-Japan Toshi Ogura; ATTAC address what some observers have pointed Japan Yoko Akimoto; Campaign for Nuclear out as the WSFûs preoccupation with corpo- Disarmament-UK Kate Hudson; Coalition rations and neoliberalism without much heed for Nuclear Disarmament and Peace-India to the militarization that accompanies these Kamal Chenoy/ Achin Vanaik/Anuradha forces. Hence, by ensuring that previously Chenoy; Focus on the Global South Mary çtraditionalé peace movements are invited Lou Malig/ Herbert Docena/ Nicola and welcomed to the event, the Assembly Bullard/ Varsha Berry; Global Exchange/ could serve to broaden and strengthen the United for Peace and Justice US Paul Le movement further. By articulating the links Blanc; Hemispheric Social Alliance Gonzalo between militarization and corporate-led Berr?n; International Civil Campaign for the globalization, the Assembly could also serve Protection of the Palestinian People to sharpen the movementûs focus and analyses. (CCIPPP) Nahla Chahal; Italian Movements of the European Social Forum Paola Manduca/ It is clear, that this peace movement is up Luciano Muhlbauer; Peace Boat, Japan Nami against the strongest and most militarist Yamamoto; Red Mexicana de Accion frente regimes in history. The so-called çwar al Libre Comercio (RMALC)/ Serapaz 22 Miguel Alvarez Gandara/ Hector de la It announced and affirmed the movements’ Cueva; Social Movements Network Diego decisions on its plans and priorities and Azzi/ Gustavo Codas; Stop the War Coaliton produced a common declaration. -Greece Petros Constantinou; Stop the War Coalition-UK Chris Nineham Solidarity March: Led by the Asian anti-war movement, several anti-war coalitions The Assembly was a self-organized event marched together during the closing march registered with the World Social Forum. of the WSF. It had the following component events: The Strategy Session: There was a whole Conference on US Occupation of Iraq, day Strategy Session where there were open Palestine and Afghanistan: A major con- discussions and debates on the movementsû ference at the WSF it helped set a more strategies, plans, and priorities. informed political context for the all-day strategy meeting the next day. Activistsû Assembly: open meetings among anti-war activists, social movements, NGOs, Closing Conference: The Anti-War Assem- etc. in attempt to deepen the links among bly held jointly with the Social Movements them and coordinate their actions. a final conference of the Activists Assembly.

23 2003 Trade

In 2003, the main focus of the trade previously worked together on trade campaign was the derailment of the issues. It implemented a multi-pronged Fifth Ministerial of the World Trade strategy, demanding disclosure from Organization in Cancun, Mexico. government, and calling for public debate on governmentís negotiating Together with social movements, trade positions on agriculture and the new unions, national coalitions and inter- issues. Alongside direct engagements national networks, the Focus trade team with government, the coalition also worked on the derailment of the Cancun worked on mobilizing public opinion Ministerial. It implemented a multi- by conducting workshops, seminars, pronged campaign strategy: monitoring debates and teach-ins in 21 provinces governments in Geneva, providing high all over the country. During the week quality and timely research and analysis of the ministerial, the coalition sent for national and international networks, some representatives to Cancun to step coordinating with national movements, up the pressure on the government particularly in Asia, and helping organize delegates and to monitor and report mass mobilizations around the globe. back to the capital. A series of provin- cial and regional discussions and mobili- National zations were also initiated by SNR! At the national level, Focus supported, broadening the campaign constituency encouraged and played a key role, in to well over 5,000 people nationwide. the national campaigns to derail the The coalition spearheaded the mobiliza- WTO. tion for the global day of action against the WTO with a big demonstration In the Philippines, Focus helped initiate of around 10,000 to denounce further a national coalition named Stop the New liberalization in agriculture and the new Round! Coalition. The coalition had issues. a diverse and representative membership from fisherfolk to farmers movements In Thailand, Focus worked with an to trade unions, policy analysts, the NGO working group called Thai Action academe and trade campaigners. on Globalization to carry out the campaign. A series of seminars was The coalition brought together a very organized in Chiang Mai, Khon Kaen, wide and diverse range of groups, Songkhla and Bangkok to raise public movements and people who have not awareness on the WTO issues. The 24 campaign also brought the issues of major platform to launch the campaign the WTO and trade liberalization to and Focus invited S. N. Menon, the attention of formal institutions of the chief negotiator within the Indian national governance, particularly the Commerce Ministry to debate with Senate and the Human Rights Commis- the central trade union leaders, Walden sion. Focus Thai staff were invited to Bello and with other activists from social join various seminars and radio programs movements. organized by progressive senators. The campaign culminated in a public hearing The India Programme actively partici- session was sponsored by the Senate pated in programmes of ùWTO Virodhi Foreign Affairs Committee in which trade Jan Abhiyaanù (Coalition of Peoplesû negotiators from the Ministry of Com- Movements Against the WTO). Working merce shared views on the issues of the with this Coalition, Focus organized AoA, TRIPs and new issues with NGOs a western region meeting of social and academics and answered questions movements, trade unions and peoples from the audience. The session was struggles against the Cancun Ministerial videotaped and later aired on national Conference in May 2003. This meeting television. received solidarity support from All India Trade Union Congress, CITU, All India Focusû allies in the trade program ex- Peoples Science Network, National panded visibly this year due to an effort Alliance of Peoples Movement (NAPM) to reach out to the state enterprise trade Land-Water-Forest Movement of unions. The September 9 march on the Maharashtra, Youth for Unity & Volun- US embassy and the EU office saw over tary Action (YUVA) and other prominent 500 state enterprise workers joining over groups in the western region of Maharashtra. a thousand farmers, people living with AIDS, urban slum residents, students, Focus wrote on these issues in the local academics and NGOs. newspapers and spoke in various public meetings. In August 2003, Focus and As part of the overall strategy to çderailé Oxfam India organized a one-day the WTO ministerial, the India Programme seminar involving participation of NGOs worked on national and international from all over India in Delhi. This semi- actions that would help it achieve this nar was followed by an open debate objective. with Parliamentarians from the Congress, The Asian Social Forum was the first the Samajwadi Party and the Communist 25 Party (Marxists). The open debate was ments such as the NAPM, by a number to understand the opinions of these individuals and NGOs predominantly respective parties on WTO issues. from Western and Southern parts of India. This letter was also taken to While we approached September 2003, farmers by translating it into Marathi, the India Programme along with the Land- Hindi and Tamil. Water-Forest Movement in Maharashtra chalked out the details of a ùpadyatraû Throughout the year, Focus conducted (foot-march) to be organized in four workshops across India with workersû districts of Western Maharashtra during unions, farmers groups and civil society the four days of the Cancun Ministerial organizations on the state of the im- Conference of the WTO. In preparation, pending negotiations in Cancun, and the Focus prepared two-pager briefs on the importance of halting further negotiations dangers of Agreement on Agriculture and in the Ministerial Meeting. Focus also of the WTO for small farmers and farm established links with leading newspaper labourers. This foot-march took place and television networks in local and during the Cancun Ministerial and more English languages, and distributed than one thousand farmers participated. updated information and analyses of A detailed memorandum of demands the issues at stake in Cancun, and the was handed to the Chief Minister of proceedings of the Ministerial Meeting Maharashtra, whose electoral constituency while it was going on. Focus staff is Solapur, where the march started. participated in local and national rallies against the Cancun Ministerial, and Besides being involved in these national contributed towards making the key actions, the India team provided infor- controversies in the WTO negotiations mation on the positions being taken by public through articles in the press, India and other countries in their re- and speaking on radio and television spective capitals and in Geneva, to the programmes. Our World is Not for Sale (OWINFS) Network list serve. Regional In the run up to Cancun, Focus worked GATS letter with movements, national coalitions and Focus along with Manthan and Equaltions trade activists around the region. It was launched a letter campaign demanding involved in popular education activities transparency and accountability with and mobilizing in many countries in- respect to the positions being taken by cluding Japan, Indonesia, Korea, India, the Ministry of Commerce (Government Timor Leste, Thailand and the Philippines. of India) on services under the auspices of GATS negotiations. This letter was Focus organized a Regional Briefing for endorsed by more than five hundred Cancun in Bangkok, Thailand in August panchayats from Kerala and Tamil Nadu, 19-20, 2003. The two-day briefing by consumer organizations, by move- provided an up to date preparation for 26 Cancun, including the state of play of to be involved with the international negotiations, country positioning and campaign to derail the WTO. It was analysis of the agenda and draft declara- involved in the two preparatory strategy tion. Trade analysts, some of them based meetings in Mexico months before in Geneva, gave first hand reports of Cancun. In the second meeting, which the state of negotiations, helping people was attended by many of Latin Americaûs çread between the linesé and prepare social movements and farmers groups, accordingly. including the Hemispheric Social Alli- ance, the call to derail the WTO was The event also had space for the many issued and subsequently endorsed by different sectors present to give their analy- movements and organizations worldwide. ses on the different issues in Cancun. (See Box 6) This briefing contributed to the raising of regional awareness and the building Members of the Focus trade team also of common strategies and actions. This helped in various preparatory activities proved to be very useful, and an Asian in Mexico and other places such as caucus formed and met regularly through- teach-ins, public debates and newspaper out the Cancun ministerial. After Cancun, articles and interviews. Focusû public there was an agreement to have a regional education and press work also included strategy meeting on trade in 2004. the launch of a Focus-Zed published book çBehind the Scenes at the WTO: International The real world of international At the international level, Focus worked negotiationsû coauthored by Fatoumata with international coalitions, in particular Jawara and Aileen Kwa. The book the çOur World is Not for Saleé (OWINFS) highlighted the anti-democratic and network, the çagri-tradeé group and the secretive functioning of WTO negotia- Social Movements International Network. tions, and the centrality of coercion and arm-twisting tactics by the major powers The international campaign began at the to manufacture ùconsensusû. With the Asia Social Forum in Hyderabad, India support of several NGOs, it was and then the World Social Forum in launched in seven cities before the Porto Alegre, Brazil. In both Forums, Cancun Ministerial-Bangkok, London, Focus staff were involved in various Geneva, Riva del Garda (Italy), seminars, debates, workshops, panels Stockholm, Sydney and Cancun. The and press events to contribute to build- book and its message was also sent ing the campaign to çderailé the Cancun out to many developing country trade Ministerial. Focus put out publications, missions in Geneva, as well as to analysis and creative campaign materials several Ministers and Heads of States such as a çDerail the WTOé t-shirt, ahead of the Ministerial. The level of which was widely worn at the forums. press interest the book received must also be credited to the participation of After the ASF & WSF, Focus continued the former Ambassador to the Dominican 27 Republic in Geneva, Federico Cuello, in the various book launches. Like The inside-outside strategy, or the a handful of other Ambassadors, Cuello, articulation of global mass actions with in 2002 was recalled to his capital as lobby work in Geneva and of lobby a result of US pressure because of his work and political action within the insistence on development-friendly Ministerial venue with grassroots mass positions in the negotiations. actions outside was very successful in Cancun. We will try to achieve the Key elements of the campaign same coordination of these various The last year has been a particularly fruit- dimensions of struggle in the venue ful one in terms of lessons for campaigns. of the next ministerial. Of special importance are national, regional, and international coalition building; Innovative media work and popular strategic mobilizations; the çinside-outside education marked the Cancun campaign. strategé; and creative media work. The Focus video éThe WTO: Why is it Bad for You?é was a successful tool for National campaigns directed at govern- mass mobilization, being viewed either ments to dissuade them from supporting in CD or VHS format by audiences or caving in to liberalization were throughout the world. It was translated essential to the success in Cancun. by various movements and national coalitions and is now available in 11 Focusû role as a regional intermediary, or languages. Thai, Bahasa, Khmer, Hungar- networker, helping to articulate national ian, Spanish, Korean, French, Japanese, campaigns into a regional campaign was Filipino, Cebuano, Arabic and soon greatly appreciated in the Cancun cam- Chinese. paign. We will continue this function in the lead up to the next ministerial. At Post-Cancun the international level, we will channel The collapse of the 5th Ministerial of the energies from the national and regional WTO in Cancun, Mexico was a victory levels to the international work through for social movements and trade activists various mechanisms and coalitions. campaigning against an expansion of the WTOûs power. As the Economists said it The international mobilization at the site çdealt a body blow to the already short of the Cancun conference was central on credibility organization.é to the success of the Cancun campaign. Focus will contribute to the buildup and Reactions and analysis have varied as to staging of the mass actions in the venue how this collapse will effect the region of the next ministerial by, among other but one thing was clear: the importance things, sending an advance team to that of keeping the offensive against the country and assisting local organizers weakened organization. prepare the ground for the mobilizations like we did in Mexico. In Thailand, the Philippines, Korea and 28 other countries in the region, the obvi- In the Philippines, the SNR Coalition ous impact was the renewed push by held post-Cancun assessments and the US and the EU for bilaterals and forums to discuss the various views and regional trade agreements. strategize how to move forward with the campaign. Immediately after Cancun, Focus joined various groups in raising the issues of The monitoring work in Geneva, provid- trade liberalization and the role of the ing civil society with critical analysis of US in APEC before the APEC Summit in the negotiations continues and remains Bangkok in October. Later, a new Thai an important component of the cam- civil society coalition, FTA Watch, was paign, especially given the post-Cancun formulated with Focus as founding back-lash by the US and EU to under- member, in order to conduct studies mine developing country unity and and raise public awareness on the issues resolve. arising from of the Thailand-US bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) negotiation. The year ended with the decision to continue to maintain the offensive to keep the WTO off its tracks.

Rally against the WTO, Bangkok, September, 9, 2003

29 DERAIL THE 5TH MINISTERIAL OF THE WTO Call of the Hemispheric and Global Assembly against the FTAA and the WTO Mexico City, May 11-12, 2003 We, the participants in this historic Hemi- permanent crisis offered by the US, European spheric and Global Assembly against the Free Union, and the institutions of corporate rule, Trade of the Americas and the World Trade global civil society offers a future of justice, Organization, held in Mexico City on May peace, and solidarity. 11-12, 2003, declare our intention and commitment to derail the Fifth Ministerial But even as the WTO institutionalizes of the World Trade Organization that will stagnation, injustice, and poverty, Washing- take place in Cancun in September of this ton is busy attempting to forge more corpo- year. rate chains to subjugate the South by intimi- dating the governments of Latin America to The WTO Ministerial will take place in the sign on to the Free Trade of the Americas context of escalating US military aggression (FTAA). against the peoples and nations of the world. Washingtonûs invasion and occupation of Iraq Enough.We say eight years of the WTO is simply the latest and most outrageous case is enough. We say the last thing Latin of the Bush administrationûs unrestrained America needs is the FTAA. unilateralist foreign policy. We declare, instead, that another world is The WTO is war by other means. The WTO possible; and inspired by this vision, we call represents the most ambitious effort to on as many people as possible from through- resubjugate the economies of the countries out the world to come and join us in Cancun of the South to serve the interests of in the week-long Peopleûs Forum for Alter- transnational corporations. The neoliberal, natives to the WTO on Sept. 9-14, 2003. free-trade paradigm incarnated in the WTO subverts the interests of people both in the We also call on people and movements in all South and the North. Its legacy is greater countries to launch massive united and co poverty, inequity, gender inequality, and ordinated demonstrations on Sept. 9, the Day indebtedness throughout the world. It has of Global Action against the WTO, and on also accelerated the destruction of the global Sept. 13, the Day of Massive Demonstrations environment. against Globalization and War. Today, the WTO, along with the other United, the vast majority of the peoples mechanisms of corporate control, notably the of this planet say: International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, are suffering an historic crisis NO TO WAR of credibility and legitimacy. Against the END THE TYRANNY OF FREE TRADE massive misery they offer, global civil AND THE WTO society is coming together to forge creative NO TO THE FTAA alternatives to bring about a truly just global ANOTHER WORLD IS POSSIBLE order. Against a future of war, injustice, and 30 Finance & 2003 Development

In 2003, activities in the Finance and researchers to share experiences, learn Development programme took a bit of from each other and develop joint a backseat as organisational energies strategies for future actions. In all these were largely focused on the WTO events, Focus highlighted the role Ministerial Meeting in Cancun. Although of trade and investment liberalisation, monitoring and research in finance and export led production models and the development issues were conducted as WTO regime in the creation of debt planned, attempts were made to link and loss of economic sovereignty. these with trade issues related to the WTO and the negotiations in Cancun. At a regional level as well as at national levels, Focus staff presented papers and Workshops, Seminars analyses in conferences, seminars and and Conferences meetings on financial, economic and The year started with the Asia Social development issues. Forum (ASF) in Hyderabad, India, where Focus co-organised and participated in The Focus Philippines Programme a number of events on debt, privatization worked with networks tackling specific and trade issues. In collaboration with issues in which IFIs were involved. In the Asia Pacific Movement on Debt March, Focus worked with the Bantay and Development (APMDD), Focus Tubig Water Vigilance Alliance to make co-organised workshops and seminars the International Finance Corporation on water and electricity privatisation, (IFC), the private sector operations arm and the role of export credit agencies of the World Bank, disclose information in project finance. Focus also played about an investment mission to look a prominent role in the conference on into the Maynilad case, the first case of Third World Debt organised at the ASF water utilities privatization in the coun- by Jubilee South and the APMDD, try. Focus coordinated with groups including assisting in developing the based in Washington DC, specifically programme and contributing speakers. the Bank Information Center, to obtain information on the mission, to signal At the World Social Forum, again in to the IFC office in Manila that the collaboration with the APMDD, Focus network knew whereof it spoke. The co-organised seminars on water and IFC met with the network but with power sector privatization and export a big caveat that for çsecurity reasonsç, credit agencies. These seminars provided details of the mission could not be spaces for movements, activists and disclosed. The Philippines Programme 31 also joined the Kuryente coalition against The Nimad Malwa Kisan Sangathan and the power sector privatization, specifi- other organizations that are part of the cally focusing on the role of the IFIs Coalition of Peoplesû Movements in the in the privatization effort. Focus also state of Madhya Pradesh in India carried produced a series of articles on the out a number of actions against the failings of the power privatization, with privatization of the power sector and special attention to the role of the Asian the ADB at various levels. In support Development Bank (ADB). of these actions, Focus prepared a paper on the ADBûs involvement in macroeco- In July 2003, at the invitation of the nomic planning and project/programme Burma Refugee Council (BRC) based financing at the national and sub-national in Chiang Mai, Thailand, Focus staff levels. This is now being translated facilitated a workshop in Mae Hong Son in Hindi and will be used as popular (Northern Thailand, on the Thai-Burma literature to be circulated among farmers border) on the global economic issues and activists. facing Burma. Among the topics covered were agricultural policies and Also in India, in the state of Maharashtra, international trade. Specific attention was the World Bank has been pushing given to the role of multilateral institu- the State Government to legislate the tions such as the IMF, the World Bank Maharashtra Infrastructure Support and and the ADB, as well as the WTO. Development Act (MIDAS) to pave the Alternative development approaches were way for large-scale privatization and also explored. About 40 researchers, commercialization of State level infra- development workers and pro-democracy structure. A careful reading of the draft activists attended the workshop from Burma. shows that the proposed Act is similar to what was passed in the state of On another occasion in Chiang Mai, Andhra Pradesh in 1996. Focus pre- Focus contributed to the Womenûs pared a briefing note in Marathi (the Development Course under the sponsor- local language in much of the state) ship of the Womenûs League of Burma demystifying the draft of the proposed by teaching 2-day sessions on the legislation. This paper was circulated impact of globalization on women among state level legislators and activists to members of the Womenûs League in Maharashtra. Focus has also played from various different ethnic groups. an active role in preparing updates on World Bank policies and programmes for In India, Focus staff participated in public the Peoples Campaign on Land, Forest meetings and workshops organised by and Water Rights. local movements, unions and organiza- tions on the privatisation of water and power, and the role of the World Bank and ADB in pushing neoliberal reforms.

32 The World Bank and the supposed to be held in Istanbul in May, International Monetary Fund 2003. Instead of the usual pageantry of World Bank and International Monetary a large AGM, the ADB opted for a one- Fund IMF policies were critically exam- hour çbusiness-onlyé meeting in late ined in a paper prepared by Focus staff June in Manila. Focus, together with the on the World Bankûs Poverty Reduction Philippine Working Group on the ADB Strategy Papers (PRSP) and the IMFûs and the regional NGO Forum on the Poverty Reduction Growth Facility ADB, co-organized a series of activities (PRGF). Titled çA Poor Package for that included a whole-day public forum Poverty Reduction,é the paper was on çPolicies of Plunder: The Role of the published by the Austrian Journal of ADB in the Philippines,é a press confer- Development Studies in their May issue, ence, and a mass mobilization in front which focused on poverty reduction of the ADB headquarters in Manila. strategies and programmes in the nine- These events were widely covered in ties. The same paper was presented in the media, with Focus staff figuring in the PRSP colloquium in Namur, Belgium print and radio interviews. Focus also in late January. produced the pre-print version of the Focus ADB Dossier çThe ADB and Focusû work on the World Bank and Policy: (Mis)Governance in Asia.é The IMF also attempted to highlight the articles in the dossier were run as çpolicy coherenceé across the Bretton a series in the Focus on the Philippines Woods Institutions (BWIs), whereby the e-newsletter, and as a special edition World Bank and International Monetary of çFocus on Trade.é Fund (IMF) continue to push developing countries to çharmoniseç their national The United Nations policy regimes towards unilateral trade In 2003, Focus also made a concerted liberalisation and WTO compliance. In effort to link its work on International the months leading up to the WTO Financial Institutions (IFIs) and the Ministerial Meeting in Cancun, Focus United Nations (UN) system. The staff conducted briefings for national and Economic and Social Commission on regional movements and civil society Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) requested organisations on the role of the World Focus to organise and convene a civil Bank and IMF in attempting to shape society dialogue to accompany a meeting trade negotiations in the WTO, as well of finance ministers from the Asia and as national trade policies in the Asia Pacific on the first two Millennium region. Development Goals (MDGs), eradicating extreme poverty and hunger. The civil The Asian Development Bank society dialogue brought together repre- Due to security concerns over the USû sentatives from a range of organisations war on Iraq, the Asian Development and peoplesû movements to discuss the Bank (ADB) cancelled its Annual causes of extreme poverty and hunger, Governorsû Meeting (AGM) that was the success and failures of governmental 33 attempts to address them, and the role the United Nations) Working Group on of IFI led financial and economic Asia (WGA) and hosted by the Asian reforms in furthering poverty and hun- Forum on Human Rights and Develop- ger. The dialogue was extremely lively ment (Forum Asia), a regional non- and informed, and resulted in a compre- government organization based in hensive discussion paper and position Bangkok. The meeting discussed and statement on the issues of MDGs, made recommendations to the two Asian poverty and hunger. Focus also pro- panel members on the issues of the duced a dossier of papers on these UNís and civil societyûs roles in global issues titled: çAnti Poverty or Anti Poor, governance and how to make them The Millennium Development Goals and more effective. the Eradication of Extreme Poverty and Hunger.é UN-ESCAP was pleased with Timore Leste the results of the dialogue and papers, An important component of Focusû and has discussed the possibility of Finance and Development programme follow-up actions in 2004. One sugges- that was further developed in 2003 was tion for follow-up action is to convene the work on Timor-Leste. Since late a regional meeting on the World Bank- 2001, Focus had developed a close IMFís poverty reduction strategies and working relationship with some leading their impacts on the MDGs. officials in the Government of Timor- Lesteís National Directorate of Planning Focus also participated in the Asia and External Assistance Coordination in Region Consultation Meeting of the UN the Ministry of Planning and Finance. High Level Panel on UN-Civil Society Past activities had been limited to Relations in October. The meeting was collegial support to this Directorate on organized by CONGO (Conference of critically analysing the policies of bilat- NGOs in Consultative Relationship with eral donors, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank (ADB). In 2003, Focus formalized this relationship by placing a staff person in Timor-Leste to help develop research capacity among Timorese officials and civil society groups on monitoring donor and creditor programmes. Titled the çRolling Think Tanké (RTT), this initiative brought together officials from various ministries and local civil society organisations to study and analyse the impact of donors and creditors on national development.

34 The first study conducted by the RTT issues and concerns around borrowing, was on the World Bank-led Community especially from the IMF and WB, before Empowerment and Local Governance government, the academe, and civil Project (CEP). Based on a similar society audiences. Focus also assisted in project in Indonesia, the CEP sought the planning and implementation of the to disburse funds directly to village and first meeting of a çHigh Level Mechanismé sub-district levels in order to promote (HLM) to develop strategies for monitor- economic development. However, by ing the implementation of the National by-passing government, as well as Development Plan (NDP). The HLM traditional leadership structures, the CEP meeting brought together government created a parallel and unaccountable and civil society to discuss Timor-Lesteûs system of economic governance. development priorities, the challenges Further, the internal rules of the CEP they have faced in working together and resulted in the financing of local activi- possible ways to overcome these challenges. ties that favoured cash economy transac- tions over local development priorities. In all its work in Timor-Leste, Focus The RTT team gathered information has been careful to not allow itself to about the project through document become a barrier between local civil analyses, interviews and site visits, and society and the Timorese Government. prepared a report that was accepted and Where possible, Focus has encouraged released by the Timor-Leste Government. and supported government and civil By November, 2003, the RTT was ready society to work together, and at the for its next project: an examination of the very minimum, maintain regular dialogue impact of borrowing under donor, World with each other. Bank and ADB conditionalities may have on Timor-Lesteûs economic sovereignty. In July, together with the Philippine- based Initiatives for International In addition, Focus staff continued to Dialogue and the University of the provide analytical support and training Philippinesû Third World Studies Center, as required to members of the RTT, Focus organised a lecture-forum on local civil society organisations and other çPost Conflict reconstruction: Lessons government formations. Focus developed Learned from a New Country, that links with the Commission for Reception, focused on Timor Lesteûs experiences Truth and Reconciliation (CVAR) -- in dealing with the IFIs. Ms. Emilia Pires a commission set up to address the from the National Directorate of Planning human rights violations committed in the and External Assistance Coordination country from the Portuguese exit in 1974 presented the Timorese experience. until the destruction and violence fol- lowing the August 1999 referendum for independence from Indonesia. Focus also facilitated the visit of activist-scholar Eric Toussaint in March to speak on the 35 Post-War/Post Conflict Reconstruction Another important area of work that started to take shape in 2003 was Focusû monitoring of post-war and post-conflict reconstruction. For over four years, Focus has monitored donor, UN and IFI-led reconstruction programmes in mainland Southeast Asia and Timor- Leste. In 2003, Focus also started to monitor and investigate the reconstruc- tion of Iraq, in particular, the United States (US) Governmentûs neo-liberal economic programme for the country, the extraction of Iraqûs oil by US cor- porations, and the farming out of secu- rity, physical, financial and social in- frastructure contracts to US approved corporations. In a programme review meeting in December, 2003, Focus staff agreed that experiences from all these countries should be brought together into a critical examination of reconstruc- tion as a neo-liberal development para- digm. This will be pursued in 2004-2005.

36 2003 Trends & Analysis

Two major research projects were com- Press, 2003). Both were completed in pleted in 2003; an assessment of ten time to make an important contribution years of the WTO in the Philippines to the campaign to derail the WTO entitled and a book on the decision- and provided solid research and policy making processes in the WTO. çMultilateral analysis to highlight the negative impacts Punishment: The Philippines in the if the WTO agreements on a çtypicalé World Trade Organisation 1995-2003é developing country and the undemo- by Walden Bello (June 2003) and cratic wheeling and dealing inside the çBehind the Scenes at the WTOé by WTO. Aileen Kwa and Fatoumata Jawed (Zed

cover of the book behind the scenes at the WTO.

37 In addition, Focus continued to publish areas, especially linked to the trade and regular analysis and updates in Focus peace and security campaigns. However, on Trade, Focus on the Philippines, in we also identified some problems in dossiers and occasional papers. realising the programme as outlined. First, we felt that the work plan was Progress on the çPolitical Islamé book too ambitious and broad. Second, we was slow as the research and case noted that it is difficult to balance the studies were still being finalised. The deadline-driven rhythm of campaign commitment is to publish the book by work with the longer horizons of September 2004. research. However, we agreed that our çresearch baseé is a priority and must be Other projects signaled in the 2003-2005 continually replenished given that one work plan, such as the China project of Focusû key functions is to provide and the activist research network, were research and policy analysis. Obviously, slow to take-off due to lack of staff and identifying new staff to focus principally the pressing urgency of other issues, on research and enabling other staff to especially the WTO and Iraq campaigns. çfree-upé some time for research and writing is key and this will be addressed Our overall assessment of the first year in 2004. In addition, we will redefine of the Trends and Analysis programme the focus of the Trends and Analysis was mixed. On the one side, Focus programme in 2004-2005 to a more continued to provide important and up realistic and narrower set of projects, to date policy analysis in some key more closely linked to our campaigns.

38 2003 Alternatives

In 2003, Focus started to consolidate its After discussing the possibility of work- work on alternatives through its new ing on a comprehensive alternative Alternatives Programme. While some agenda on food and agriculture, Focus of the activities in this area, such as decided that the initial phase of the participation in the World Social Forum project should seek to understand and and the Land Research Action Network clarify the proposals being promoted were already part of Focusû core and practiced by various groups already programme work in the past, some engaged in these issues. Focusû approach new activities were also initiated in 2003. in this phase has been to gather farm- ers, workers and consumers organisations Towards Alternative to discuss the kind of food policies Food Systems that they want to see in place locally, In mid-2003 Focus started a project nationally and internationally. While aimed at operationalising food sover- many of those organisations are united eignty. Initiated by La Via Campesina behind the struggle against neo-liberal- (an international farmerûs movement), the ism, they do not always share the same concept of food sovereignty has become picture of what they are fighting for. In a rallying call for a growing number the case of food and agriculture, they of civil society groups and officials from can even become antagonistic. Various governments and international organisations groups in society compete for land, in their critiques of agriculture liberalisation public budgets, markets, price controls and trade. However, what food sover- and wages to meet their diverse needs. eignty encompasses in terms of concrete Based on their respective contexts, the policies, practices and institutions is still proposals that they forward for alterna- debated. Focusû participation in this tive policies may not necessarily be debate stems from the understanding compatible. that the demand for food sovereignty has thus far been carried mainly by Focus organised an exploratory round farmersû organisations, and needs to table at the World Social Forum in gather broader societal support to have Mumbai in January 2004, titled: çBuilding political impact. Focusû political objective Food Sovereignty in a World Without in this debate is to remove the jurisdic- the WTO; Workers, Farmers, Urban Poor: tion of the World Trade Organisation Do we have any common interests?é (WTO) over food and agriculture. Participants at the round table included speakers from the Italian Federation of 39 Food workers, the Movimento Trabajadores tion and communalism. Approximately Sem Terra (MST) in Brazil, the Hawkersû 25,000 people participated in the ASF, Union in Calcutta (India), the Workers the majority of them from India. The Solidarity of Northern Sumatra in Indo- ASF was a landmark event in India as nesia, the Fair Trade Alliance in the it brought together peoplesû movements, Philippines, the International Union mass organisations and other civil society of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, organisations for perhaps the first time Catering, Tobacco and Allied workerûs in several years to share strategies for Association (IUF) and from Focus. All alternatives to the current trends of in all, about 50 people attended the corporate led globalisation, neoliberalism, round table. militarisation and religious sectarianism.

The round table helped Focus to iden- Focus played a central role in the process tify the main issues for future work and of organising the ASF and in mobilising brought out the importance of building national and regional participation in the alliances at national levels. Therefore, ASF. Focus India staff were involved Focus decided to hold similar round in the ASF Secretariat and the main tables/meetings at the national level in organising committee. Focus mobilised 2004 in Thailand, Philippines and India funds for a delegation of 20 people in order to develop a better understand- from six Southeast Asia countries to ing of the alternative food and agricul- attend the ASF and for five speakers/ ture systems that various groups are resource persons from Argentina, Bolivia, advocating. South Africa and Cuba to come and share their ideas and experience with Parallel to the round table process, their Asian counterparts. Focus also conducted some research on the urgent need for alternative food Focus also organised a number of events systems in Thailand. This research is in at the ASF, many in collaboration with the process of peer review and is likely national and regional groups and net- to be released in 2004. works such as Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA), the Peoples The Asia Social Forum Movement for Land, Forest and Water The Asia Social Forum (ASF) was held Rights, the National Alliance of Peoplesû in the city of Hyderabad in India in Movements (NAPM), and the Asia Pacific January 2003. The ASF was a regional Movement on Debt and Development. forum organised according to the prin- Focus co-organised the conference on ciples and charter of the World Social Alternatives at the ASF in collaboration Forum (WSF), and sought to bring with the National Alliance of Peoples together movements, organisations, Movements (NAPM) and the All India networks and persons across Asia Peoplesí Science Network (AIPSN). The organising against neo-liberal globalisation, Alternatives Conference was extremely war, patriarchy, caste based discrimina- well attended, and provided a platform 40 for discussion about peoplesû alternatives to better contribute towards building to neo-liberal and corporate led glo- a strong movement for alternative de- balisation. Focus was also active in velopment approaches in the region. pulling together the conference on debt Focus was also able to develop good organised by Jubilee South and the working relationships with several APMDD (Focus is a member of both organisations and movements who would networks). become central to organising the WSF 2004 in Mumbai. Focusû involvement and experience with the ASF was rewarding in several ways. The World Social Forum By being centrally involved in organising In 2003, Focus was involved in the and mobilising, Focus was able to build World Social Forum (WSF) through three new alliances and deepen existing ones, processes: 1) the WSF 2003, which was both in India and regionally. Participa- held in Porto Alegre, Brazil; 2) The WSF tion in ASF events prompted members International Council (IC), of which of the Focus organised regional delega- Focus is a member, and; 3) Preparation tion to organise follow-up events in for the WSF 2004, scheduled to be held their own countries (Thailand, Vietnam in January 2004 in Mumbai, India. and Indonesia) on trade, globalisation, etc. All of these deepened Focusû Most of Focusû efforts in 2003 were understanding of struggles and move- directed at the Asia Social Forum and it ments against globalisation in Asia, as was decided to have a more çlow keyé well as helped Focus understand how approach to the Third World Social

Participants dancing at the Asia Social forum, Hyderabad, India, January 2003 41 Forum in Porto Alegre, 23-27 January venues to support the proposal for an 2003. We also decided that it would be international day of action against the important for Focus staff to çexperienceé war on Iraq on 15 February 2003 and the WSF knowing that it was most likely to push for an international campaign that the 2004 WSF would be held in to çderailé the WTO ministerial in India and many of our staff would be Cancun. Both proposals were included deeply involved in planning and logistics. in the final call of the Social Movements Assembly. In the lead-up to the WSF Focus was involved in briefings for Thai and WSF International Council Filipino participants. In previous years, Focus continues to be an active member Focus had made great efforts to raise of the WSF International Council. At the funds for activists from the region to IC meeting following the WSF 2003, participate in the WSF, however it seems Focus supported strongly the proposal that many of the local groups, at least to hold the 2004 WSF in India. At the in Thailand and the Philippines and meeting of the IC in Miami in June, other countries in the region, such as Focus made several proposals including Indonesia and East Timor, are now suggesting that there should be a gen- directly engaged with the WSF process eral assembly of all registered delegates and Focusû role as a çfacilitatoré is less at the conclusion of each WSF to important. We did however support evaluate and guide the process of the a few participants and assisted with the WSF. This proposal was not agreed by accommodation and logistical arrange- the Council, however we will continue ments for many others. This included to pursue this in other meetings of the helping provide translation for Thai IC. In addition, we will continue to speakers during the WSF and organising push for greater openness of the Inter- field visits to the landless movement, national Council-both in terms of infor- the MST, following the WSF. mation and participation and greater transparency in the finances and prepa- In addition to the workshops already rations for each yearûs World Social mentioned, Focus organised a debate, Forum. At the Miami Council meeting, together with the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung çcommissionsé were established on (FES), entitled çTrade unions and social Content, Methodology, Finance, Expan- movements: new alliances against new sion, Strategy and Communications. forms of capitalism?é The auditorium was Focus is active in the Strategy, Expan- full and the debate well received. sion and Finance commissions. Overall, the IC remains a frustrating but fascinat- In addition, Focus was very active in ing process as we seek to find the tools the Social Movements Assembly, the and structures that will allow us to anti-war events and the activities of the move forward in ways that energise the çOur World is Not for Saleé (OWINFS) WSF process, rather than institutionalise network. In particular, Focus used these it. In 2003, Focus was represented on 42 the International Council by Walden Land Network and will be published Bello, Meena Mennon and Nicola shortly by Focus. Bullard. Following the regional meeting, LRAN Land and Agrarian Reform held an internal network meeting to The most significant activity in this area review the LRAN project and to formu- was the Asia Land Meeting (ALM), which late direction for future work based on was jointly organised by Focus, the the results of the regional meeting and Thailand Land Network, and the Land international developments relevant to Research and Action Network (LRAN). LRANís core mandate. These results are Initially scheduled for late April, 2003, outlined in the Focus Alternatives work- the ALM was shifted to December, 2003 plan for 2004-2005. because of the SARS epidemic scare that resulted in difficulties in travel to and Community Currency within Asia. The meeting was then The Community Currencies Project, rescheduled and held from December which was earlier a joint project 13-16, 2004. between Focus and Thailandûs Local Development Institute, became part of The ALM focused on land struggles and an action research project of the Institute agrarian reform, primarily in Asia but of Resource Management for Develop- also in South Africa and Latin America. ment. The entire project was funded The meeting brought together activists by the Thailand Research Fund and and representatives from land and involved a target of 10 communities. agrarian reform movements from Asia, Focus was responsible for continuing South Africa, Brasil and Columbia, and with the experimental work in Kud from the Institute for Food and Devel- Chum community and initiating it opment Policy (Food First), FIAN and in another community. This action La Via Campesina. Through a combina- research project ended in December tion of workshops and field visits, 2003 with a final report to be completed participants discussed the major threats in 2004. to progressive land and agrarian reform, shared experiences of successful strate- A book by Bernard Lietaer entitled çthe gies to achieve progressive agrarian Future of Moneyé was translated into reform, and planned collaborations Thai by Focus and will be published among their respective movements and and distributed by a local publisher in campaigns. No statement was issued 2004. The book argued for the estab- from the meeting, although presentations lishment of alternative currency systems made at the meeting were collated and to complement the national currencies, distributed to participants at the end of a necessity in the current context of the meeting. The meetingûs proceedings financial liberalization, and provided are now being put together in a more descriptions of the existing systems. comprehensive report by the Thailand 43 2003 Communications

Focusû strategy of effective outreach of It is hoped that activists, students, information has involved a combination researchers and others will find the new of traditional methods of information site a stimulating experience. The over- dissemination and the harnessing of new hauled site will soon replace the existing technologies towards a larger audience. site. Translation of Focus material is now available in Thai, Bahasa Indonesia, The website (www.focusweb.org) Arabic and Spanish. The Focus website has been one of the main platforms of Focusû communication Publications strategy. In 2002, the website was made Focus on Trade dynamic and more interactive through Focus on Trade remains Focusûs flagship a database driven backend running on electronic bulletin. It has become open source products. However, there a ùmust readû for activists, researchers, was a felt need to reorganise the site and academics alike. The readership o better serve activists and researchers. of the Bulletin has gone beyond the With this in mind, a complete overhaul 6000 mark and still growing. The Span- of the site was undertaken. The test ish edition, çEnfoque sobre comercioé, site has undergone a series of revisions has a distribution of 1,500 and it is also and changes to better reflect the needs translated into Bahasa Indonesian and and requirements both of visitors to the distributed in printed and electronic Focus website as well as the Focusû own versions. Additionally, Focus on Trade campaign and programme needs. Each is distributed widely by organisations campaign and programme area will now and groups in the printed form (Focus host its own site, thereby enabling on Trade is available in PDF format on visitors to have specific information the website for producing print-quality available at a glance rather than having printouts). Focus on Trade annual is to search for documents. Additionally, now being produced. Focus on Trade the site is meant to be interactive, is edited by Nicola Bullard. in that visitors can post comments to articles, create their own accounts Focus on Trade Index 2003 with the site, which will enable them Number 84, January 2003 to receive updates from the site as From Florence to Porto Alegre, via and when they uploaded. The Thai Hyderabad: A Year in the life of the programme site is completely in Thai, World Social Forum, Walden Bello providing Thai activists, students and The Asian Social Forum: A great researchers, documents in Thai. movement is born, Praful Bidwai 44 Purging Pain to Forge a New World, Scapegoats, Nicola Bullard Herbert V Docena Pascal Lamy Holds Court at the Oriental, Statement of the Asian Social Mass & Walden Bello and Chanida Bamford Peoplesû Movements & Organisations WTO Agriculture Talks Set to Exacerbate Statement of the Peoples Movements World Hunger, Aileen Kwa Encounter, World Social Forum on The Road to Cancun: Towards a Move- Palestine ment Strategy for the WTO Ministerial, çAt least they didnût shoot usé, Herbert Walden Bello V. Docena Call for Mobilization towards the WTO A split screen in strike-torn Venezuela, Meeting in Cancun 2003 Mark Weisbrot çDeglobalizationé? Sure, but... ,Patrick Number 87, May 2003 Bond reviews Walden Belloûs Countdown to Cancun: Opaque, Exclu- çDeglobalisationé sive and çRule-Lessé Negotiating Process, Aileen Kwa Number 85, February 2003 Derail the 5th Ministerial of the WTO: Agriculture proposal will increase dump- Call of the Hemispheric and Global ing, unemployment and hunger, Aileen Assembly against the FTAA and the Kwa WTO, Mexico City, May 11-12, 2003 The reemergence of balance-of-power An Activistûs Guide to the G8, politics, Walden Bello Christophe Aguiton Confronting Empire, Arundhati Roy Africa in Evian: If the G8 is meeting, it Ole, Ole Lula!, Herbert V Docena must be time to ùDignifyû Nepad (Again), Bhagwati and Bello Square-off on Free Patrick Bond Trade and Free Markets Number 88, June 2003 Number 86, April 2003 Slap In the ADBûs Face: The Khlong The stalemate in Iraq and the global Dan Wastewater Treatment Project, peace movement, Walden Bello Luntharimar Longcharoen Focus declines to request DFID grant The Mess that is Maynilad: Legal Wran- renewal in protest at British role in Iraq gling at the Expense Of Consumers and çUniting for Peaceé: UN General Assem- Taxpayers, Jolette Fajardo bly provides crucial opportunity for The ADB in East Timor: New Country, global peace movement, Jeremy Brecher Old Tricks, Lao Hamutuk Postwar Iraq: a showcase for privatization?, Access To Information at the ADB: The Phillip Mattera Cost of Secrecy, Bank Information Center A war on the children, not on Saddam, Report of the Asia peace Mission to Iraq Number 89, July 2003 13 - 18 March 2003 Invitation to Join UNDP Discussion Forum on Trade WTO: WAR BY OTHER MEANS Philippinesû Lashes Out at EU, US Lowering expectations and looking for Intransigence 45 Philippines Statement to the Special Real World of International Trade Nego- Session of the WTO Committee on tiations, Fatoumata Jawara and Aileen Agriculture Kwa The Agreement on Agriculture & The Demise of Philippine Agriculture, Walden Bello Number 93, September 2003 The Crisis of the Globalist Project & The AFTER... New Economics of Bush, Walden Bello The Meaning of Cancun, Walden Bello Cancun Failure: Africa Showed the Way, Number 90, August 2003 Devinder Sharma Critics of Globalization Arrive in Cancun, Philippines: Coalition Celebrates WTO Sandra Rodriguez Talksû Collapse, Stop the New Round Montreal: Mini-Ministerial, Micro-Results, Coalition, Philippines Mass Arrests, Aziz Choudry We Won In Cancun: Time to Work for Chairs Abuse Their Power in WTO Bigger Victories: SNR! Coalition Statement Negotiations, Aileen Kwa on the Collapse of the WTO Talks in South Africaûs Sub-imperial Agenda: Cancun Splitting Africa to Launch a New Trade Round, Patrick Bond DURING... The Cancun WTO Ministerial Declaration Number 91, September 2003 NGOs Call on Governments to Reject 13 Why a Derailed WTO Ministerial is the September Draft Best Outcome for the South, Walden Cancun: The Fence at Kilometre Zero, Bello Katharine Ainger Many A Slip twixt Cup and Lip: The India: Food and Agriculture Out of the Cautionary Tale of the Access to Drugs WTO! India out of the WTO!, Shalmali Campaign, Nicola Bullard Guttal Cancun and the Battle for Developing Counties’ Markets: Another Form of BEFORE... Warfare, Aileen Kwa War by Other Means WTO: Weapon of Mass Destruction?, Herbert Docena Number 92, September 2003 From Sea Turtles to Smart Bombs: How Thousands March on EU and US in the Anti-Globalization Movement is Bangkok, Nicola Bullard taking on the Global War Machine, Open Letter to the United States Steven Staples Government and the European Union, Thai Popular Sector Number 94, October 2003 Derail the WTO! How United Is Civil Madrid Donorûs Conference: The Society in Cancun?, Stuart Hodgkinson çPending Bonanzaé, Herbert Docena Protectionism Trumps Free Trade at the The US Military: Bringing Hope çto WTO, Mark Weisbrot Every Corner of the Worldé, Ben Behind the Scenes at the WTO: The Moxham 46 Cancun: The Anatomy of Protest, Josep Issue Title Date Maria Antentas and Josu Egireun No. Globalization or National Bourgeoisie: 1. Palestinian Social Forum An Outdated Debate, Ra?l Zibechi and Announcement 1/11/2003 Walden Bello Receives ùAlternative 2. Small Arms Availability Nobelû: Citation For The Right Livelihood in the Philippines 1/17/2003 Award, 2003 3. Unmasking US hypocrisy and its impending war Number 95, November 2003 on Iraq 2/4/2003 Original FTAA Vision Scrapped as 4. Balance of Power and Urgent People Pour into Miami for Anti-Free Focus Announcement 2/12/2003 Trade Protest, Walden Bello 5. Ole, Ole Lula 2/14/2003 The Post-Cancun Backlash and Seven 6. okyo mini-ministerial Strategies to keep the WTO off the highlights agriculture 2/15/2003 Tracks, Aileen Kwa 7. Gloria and the innocents? Developing Countries being pushed blood on her hands 2/17/2003 towards çFlexibilityé, Aileen Kwa 8. From Tokyo with Love 2/18/2003 Charity in the Name of Science, 9. New Coalition and Invitation t Devinder Sharma to Launch 2/19/2003 They Feed the World, but their Children 10. The Imperial War and go Hungry, Marni Pigott and Luc Demaret the Empire of Memory 2/23/2003 11. The Pretext Crumbles 2/25/2003 Focus on the Philippines 12. Deception and In 2003, 49 issues of FOP came out Constitutional Crisis 3/2/2003 dealing with a broad range of topics, 13. Interview with Dr. Chalmers reflecting current events and important Johnson 3/10/2003 issues of the day. Articles on the US 14. Asian Peace Mission and its quest for Empire dominated 2003 to Iraq, 3/11/2003 FOP, followed closely by articles on 15. he Exigencies globalization and the World Trade of Empire 3/13/2003 Organization. By the end of 2003, FOP 16. Updates on the Asian Peace had around 600 subscribers from the Mission to Baghdad 3/17/2003 Philippines and abroad. Marylou Malig 17 . sian Peace Mission reluctantly was the moderator/editor of FOP in leaves Baghdad 3/19/2003 2003. The task was transferred to 18. Let Iraq & Its Children Joseph Purugganan of the Philippine Live 3/20/2003 office in January 2004. 19. Report of the Asian Peace Mission 3/21/2003 20. Call for Peace and Invoke UN Resolution 377 3/24/2003

47 21. In Baghdad, a birthday party 45. Memorandum to Empire 12/9/2003 in the midst of bombs 3/27/2003 46. The Tragic Consequences 22. çDeglobalizationé? of Doctrinaire Sure, But... 4/2/2003 Economics 12/21/2003 23. Regime Change and America’s Boy 47. The marathon for Baghdad 4/4/2003 of Erma Geolamin 12/23/2003 24. The Stalemate in Iraq and the Global Peace Movement 4/6/2003 Dossiers 25. Pax Romana versus Pax Multilateral Punishment: The Philippines Americana 4/24/2003 in the WTO, 1995-2003, Walden Bello, 26. Are We Ready Stop the New Round Coalition and to Negotiate? 5/24/2003 Focus on the Global South 27. A round of uncertainty 6/25/2003 Power Politics in the WTO, Aileen Kwa, 28. ADB SERIES: Part 1 6/30/2003 May 2003 29. ADB SERIES Part 2 7/1/2003 Anti Poverty or Anti poor?: The Millen- 30. ADB SERIES Part 3 7/2/2003 nium Development Goals and the 31. ADB SERIES Part 4 7/3/2003 eradication of extreme poverty and 32. Empire, War & Hunger, November 2003 Citizenship 7/25/2003 Los nuevos conquistadores: de como 33. he Crisis of the Globalist la OMC y la agroindustria nos roban Project 7/26/2003 soberania alimentaria, Redes Uruguay 34. Philippine Agriculture and Focus on the Global South, Septem- and the WTO 7/28/2003 ber 2003 35. Anti-American or Anti-Empire? 8/22/2003 Books 36. Whose United Nations? 9/4/2003 Behind the Scenes in the WTO, Aileen 37. Why a Derailed WTO Kwa and Fatoumata Jawara, Zed Books Ministerial is... 9/5/2003 38. The Meaning Videos of Cancun 9/22/2003 WTO: Why is it bad for YOU 39. The Long road This video was produced as part of to remembering 9/24/2003 Focusû çderail the WTOé campaign aimed 40. Imperial democracy at the 5th WTO ministerial in Cancun. and self-rule 9/30/2003 The Video was an overwhelming 41. Anniversary of a whistle success. It was translated into eleven blower 10/10/2003 languages. The video is available in 42. Blast from the past 10/15/2003 many formats ranging from VHS, VCD, 43. Kyoto Protocol: DVD and mini DV. At the last count The ball is with Villar 10/27/2003 Focus office itself had distributed more 44. he Future in the than 800 VCDs and 200 VHS versions Balance 12/8/2003 of the video. This does not account for

48 innumerable reproductions of the video In all countries and internationally, Focus in the different languages. staff participate in dozens of press conferences and interviews and radio ISBN interviews and Focus is frequently In the Philippines, Focus registered for contacted by the media for comment an ISBN with the National Library to and analysis. ensure proper documentation and cata- loguing of Focusû published materials The Asian Social Forum gave the Focus in universities and other libraries. The India programme us a platform to build Philippine Programme is now starting our network and associates. Focusûs to actively place Focus materials in key dossiers, other publications, reports and universities and other institutions in the campaign t-shirts were available during country. the ASF and sold at nominal rate, which the people could afford. They were very Media Work in Thailand, popular and we were able to reach the Philippines and India people in large numbers. 2003 was very good for Focus in terms of media work and media relations. Although the India programme did not While the basic ingredient remains ùgood have a concerted communications strat- materialû, staff in Manila, Mumbai and egy towards derailing the Cancun Minis- Bangkok have developed links with terial Conference of the WTO, they a wide array of media practitioners. campaigned on critical issues such as services and agriculture in the following As a member of various network activi- ways: ties and coalitions, Focus has gotten good media coverage. For example, 1. Focus, together with Equations and Bantay Tubig Water Vigilance Network, Mamthan, launched a sign on letter of which Focus is a part, got 10 press demanding suspension of GATS stories, while the Philippine Working negotiations and asking for transpar- Group on the ADB got six during the ency and accountability during the AGM week alone (June 27-July 1). formulation of Indian positions on In the Philippines, the biggest media GATS. This sign on letter was trans- exposure Focus got was with the Stop lated in three regional languages the New Round! Coalition where Focus (Tamil, Marathi and Telegu) and was staff were quoted and interviewed in presented to the Prime Ministers dozens of print, radio and television Office. news stories throughout 2003. In Thailand, the Globalisation Working 2. In order to raise awareness amongst Group, of which Focus is a member, people on how WTO was impacting is frequently cited in the media. agriculture, the India Programme produced a two pager in Marathi

49 language that answered basic ques- part of the 24 Poster series having 12 tions that would arise in the mind of Posters in Hindi brought out by ASPBAE a farmer on WTO issues relevant together with Focus India Programme. to agriculture. This was widely used In these posters Focus tried to cover during the çpadyatraé that the cam- issues relating to impact of war on paigns in Maharashtra organized children, health, women, environment during the Cancun Ministerial Con- and development. The posters were ference of the WTO. successful during the events organised by Focus and other organizations 3. During Cancun ministerial of WTO, in different colleges and schools in Focus sending out reportage of Mumbai. The posters were very well political actions of Cancun, which received at the World Conference in provided inputs to the televised Japan and also in Pakistan and were debates between civil societies and covered in both electronic as well as corporates in India. The ùCancun print media. diaryû written by Raghav Narsalay was carried on other websites and also Raghav Narsalay runs a fortnightly column in the Marathi Daily Mahanagar and in the Marathi daily newspaper ùMahanagaré. sent to other print media. During This allows Focus to reach out its Cancun Shalmali Guttal was engaged critical analysis of issues around natural by NDTV to participate in a live resources, on policies being pushed by debate. The local Marathi channel international financial institutions and E-TV (Marathi) and other prominent on issues relevant to the WSF-2004. local channels were providing live and telephonic interviews of focus staff from Cancun.

In the context of the IFûIs programme the India programme with the help of the Land-Forest-Water Movement in Maharashtra published a critical reader friendly analysis of the çMaharashtra Infrastructure Development and Support Acté. This analysis was widely distributed to campaigns working on natural resources and local self-governance issues.

During the year the Peace and Security team brought out twelve posters on çImpact of Waré in English, which are

50 Organization & 2003 Administration

This was the first year of the implemen- regional and international levels enabling tation of the new team structure for work to be coordinated while being planning and carrying out work in the carried out at all levels. The other three campaigns (Trade, Finance and active team was the Peace Building and Development, and Peace Building and Peopleûs security team. It appeared that Peopleûs Security) plus three programmes action-oriented campaigns with clear (Trends and Analysis, Alternatives, and targets have created the synergy which Communications) and the expanded manage- invigorated the entire staff member. ment team of the whole organization. There were still questions whether all the campaigns and programs could be Team Structure carried out at the same level of energy At the beginning of the year, every staff by everyone. It was clear that priorities member was asked to select at least one would have to be established for the of the campaigns and at least one other work in 2004-2005. program in which he/she would like to work. Most of them elected to work Management team in three or more areas. The executive The expanded Management Team director and two senior associates lead encompassed the team leaders, country the teams. Since members of each team program coordinators (Thailand, India, were based in three different country Philippines), and finance manager. The offices, regular communications were management teams responsibilities was carried out through e-mails and issues to oversee overall political orientation that needed consultation and consensus of the organization, staff recruitment and were taken up in conference calls. appraisal, fund-raising and communica- Later in the year, board members also tions with donor organizations and joined the e-mail list-serve of the board members. The management campaigns/programs of their choice. teams are in constant touch by e-mails and held meetings and conference calls At the full staff retreat at the end of the as necessary. year, a brief assessment of the team structure showed that the staff were The management team carried out satisfied with the team structure in appraisals of all staff member during general. The Trade team was particu- the second half of 2003 before renewing larly successful because there was their two-year contracts. Each staff was a good mix of people from the national, first asked to appraise his/her own 51 performance and review the current Focus has also officially registered with job description. Two management team the social security and tax offices in members then met with each person Manila. The India programme is in the to share their views and to agree on process of registering as a representative the new job description. office of Focus on the Global South.

Staff updates Finance Benjamin Moxham from Australian The Manila office also contracted a new Volunteer International was nominated accountancy firm, Melicor Briones to Focus for the position of volunteer Villareal and Co., Certified Public research associate starting from April. Accountants, to audit its accounts. His main work is with the Timor Leste To augment resources transferred from çrolling think tanké and on the recon- Bangkok, the Philippine office also struction project. In march, Shalmali started to raise funds for Philippine- Guttal relocated to Bangalore, India, based activities. However, the majority as an interim coordinator of the India of Focus funding s raised centrally and programme for two years. Marco administered through the Bangkok office Mezzera who relocated to Italy has where the finance manager, Praphai finished his research paper and left Jundee, oversees the finance and budget Focus in April. Chirawatana Charoon- for the three Focus offices and all patarapong ended her contract with programme areas. Focus in May. Board updates There has been a lot of staff movement There was a Board Meeting in April in the Focus Philippines office. Marylou 28-29, 2003 at CUSRI, Bangkok. Dr. Malig and Herbert Docena transferred to Surichai from the Center for Social the Bangkok office from September 2002 Development Studies, Chulalongkorn to June 2003. The Manila office recruited University was elected to be the Board two new staff: Joseph Purugganan to do Chair and Alejandro Bendana, Centro campaign liaison work with the SNR! de Estudios Internacionales, Nicaragua Coalition for Focus from February to accepted the Vice Chair position. At the October, then as a regular research moment, the Focus Board comprises 14 associate after. Mary Ann Manahan members and three advisors. The joined the team in March as a research new board member comprising Boua assistant focusing on common property Chanthou from Cambodia, Jayati Ghosh resources and the land reform from India, Somchai Homla-or from (LRAN)project. Thailand, A.H. Nayyar from Pakistan, Surichai WanûGaeo from Thailand and Administrative Yoon Youngmo from Korea. They have In end-May the Philippine office com- their term from 2003-2006. All board pleted the registration process with the member have a 4-year term, and eligible Securities and Exchange Commission. for re-election for a second term. 52 Board Members Suwattana Thadaniti Walden Bello Director, CUSRI Executive Director Chulalongkorn University Focus on the Global South Bangkok, Thailand

Alejandro Bendana Nguyen Van Thanh Centro de Estudios Internacionales Director of the Center for Development Managua City, Nicaragua Study and Outreach Vietnam Peace and Development Foun- Boua Chanthou dation Padek Hanoi, Vietnam Phnom Penh, Cambodia Surichai WunûGaeo (Chair) Jayati Ghosh Center for Social Development Studies Centre for Economic Studies & Planning Chulalongkorn University Jawaharlal Nehru University Bangkok, Thailand New Delhi, India Yoon Youngmo Somchai Homlaor Korea Labour & Society Institute (KLSI) Asian Forum for Human Rights and Seoul, Korea Development (Forum-Asia) Bangkok, Thailand Advisers Victor P. Karunan Kamal Malhotra, Senior Advisor United Nations Childrenûs Fund United Nation Development Programme Bangkok, Thailand (UNDP) New York, USA Martin Khor Director, Third World Network (TWN) Abdul Hameed Nayyar Penang, Malaysia Sustainable Development Policy Institute Islamabad, Pakistan Amara Pongsapich Chulalongkorn University Peter Rosset Bangkok, Thailand Center for the Study of the Americas (CENSA) Staff 2003 Berkeley, USA Aileen Kwa Anoop Sukumaran Dita Sari Ben Moxham (volunteer) FNPBI Chanida Bamford (part time) Jakarta, Indonesia Chirawattana Charoonpatarapong (till May)

53 Herbert Docena The following organizations Isabelle Delforge (part time) supported for the conferences Jacques Chai Chomthongdi and specific projects. Joseph Purugganan Joy Chavez Asia Land Meeting Lou Torres Action Aid and Food First Mary Ann Manahan Mary Lou Malig Asia Pacific Civil Society Forum Mayuree Ruechakiattikul UNESCAP Meena Mennon Minar Pimple (part time) Book çBehind the Scenes at the WTOé Nicola Bullard Novib Praphai Jundee Raghav Narsalay Iraq Peace Mission Ranee Hassarungsee (part time) ATTAC Japan, Oxfam Hong Kong, Shalmali Guttal Oxfam Solidarity Belgium and TNI Sonila Shetty Soontaree Nakaviroj Jakarta Peace Conference Varsha Berry (part time) Action Aid, Inter Pares, Novib, X minus Walden Bello Y and TNI

Core Funders 2003 LRAN Project 11.11.11 Belgium Food First/Ford Foundation ActionAid Asia Regional Office, Thailand Christian Aid, UK Regional Briefing on Cancun Community Aid Abroad (Oxfam Oxfam GB, Oxfam Hong Kong Australia), Australia CORDAID, the Netherlands World Social Forum IV Development and Peace, Canada Action Aid, CORDAID and Inter Pares Ford Foundation, USA HIVOS, the Netherlands Inter Pares, Canada NOVIB, The Netherlands Oxfam America, USA Oxfam GB, East Asia Regional Manage- ment Centre, Thailand Oxfam HK, Hong Kong Oxfam Solidarity, Belgium Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF), USA The United Methodist Church, USA Mr. Boyd Reimer, Canada (individual funder) 54 322.55

1,954.78 3,770.48

(-) 7,816.66 (-) 7,317.88 (-) 8,488.20 (-) 8,021.04 (-) 8,965.30 (-) 5,164.39 (-) 7,804.33 (-) 5,706.67

(-) 12,287.87 (-) 17,847.33 (-) 35,889.98

(-) 22,255.72

(-) 141,517.57

(2)-(3)

Variance

Income-Act.Expenses

- - - -

1,388.18

11,556.76 23,505.71

15,242.34 43,227.12 27,521.95 11,912.82

10,630.00

(-) 889.98

125,170.36

(-) 6,636.66

(-) 12,287.87

(1)-(3)

Variance

Budget-Act.Expenses

- - - -

(3)

79,443.24 63,094.29 98,311.82

65,557.66 69,672.88 94,378.05 68,787.18 12,287.87 24,370.00 35,889.98

Actual

137,036.66

Expenses

748,829.64

-

-

322.55

(2)

6,522.67

1,954.78 3,770.48

71,626.58 55,776.40 89,823.62

56,592.36 64,508.49 86,573.73 63,080.51

22,255.72

Income

129,015.62

607,312.07

-

- - - -

(1)

91,000.00 86,600.00 99,700.00

Budget 80,800.00

80,700.00

35,000.00 35,000.00

130,400.00

112,900.00 121,900.00

874,000.00

As on December 31, 2003

Focus on the Global South **

Comparison of Budget, Income and Expenditure

Alternatives Program Global Trends&Analysis Peace & Security Campaign Trade Campaign Financial & Development Campaign Communication Admin.& Organisation Development ASF/WSF Jarkata conference (Deficit Cost support by Focus)- Peace&Sec. WTO Meeting -Cancun, Mexico - Trade campaign ASF/WSF - (Deficit cost support by Focus) ASF Hyderabad&WSF III

Note * Yr.2003 1 USD.= 43.00 BHT. (same rate as we used in Work Plan) ** Does not include India & Philippines funds direct through their country.

Professional fee Bank Interest income Other income Gain or Loss on Exchange Conferences: Total 55 Contacts Bangkok Focus on the global South C/o CUSRI, Chulalongkorn University Phyathai Road, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand Phone: +66 2 218 7363-65 Fax: +66 2 2559976 E-Mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.focusweb.org

India Focus on the Global South-India Programme B-4, Shrikumar C.H.S.L Opposite P & T Colony Nehru Road, Santacruz East Mumbai - 400055 India Tel:+91 22 26651292 and 256751896 Telefax:+91 22 56751897 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.focusweb.org/india/

Philippines Focus on the Global South - Philippines Programme Suite 209 The Burgundy Place Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights Quezon City, Philippines 1108 Phones: +63 2 4331676 and 4333387 Telefax: +63 2 4330899 Mobile: +63 918 9026716 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.focusweb.org/philippines/

56