(TJH) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, ARS, United States
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PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH 110(2). 2008, pp. 402-4H FIRST NORTH AMERICAN RECORDS OF AMPHJARE(]S OBSCURICEPS (POPPIUS) (H EMI PTERA: H ETEROPTERA: ANTHOCORI DAE), WITH A DISCUSSION OF DEAD-LEAF MICROHABITATS THOMAS J. HENRY. A. G. WHEELER, JR., AND WARREN E. STEINER, JR. (TJH) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, ARS, United States Department of Agriculture, do National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]); (AGW) Department of Entomology, Soils, and Plant Sciences, Clemson University. Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0315 (e-mail: [email protected] ) (WES) Depart- ment of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, NHB-187, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail: steinerwsi.edu ) Abstract.—The anthocorid Anip/iiareus obscuriceps (Poppius) is reported for the first time from North America based on records from one Canadian province (Ontario), 14 U.S. states (Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia), and the District of Columbia. A diagnosis, description, adult photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs are furnished to facilitate recognition, and the dead-leaf microhabitat, associated plants, and psocids and other potential prey of this species are discussed. Kei Words: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae, Amphiareus obscuriceps, description, new records, North America, hosts, habitat, dead leaves Members of the anthocorid genus genus and determine that our material Ainphiareus Distant are similar in appear- represented the exotic and widespread A. ance to many species of the large cosmo- obscuriceps. Péricart (1996) recently cata- politan genus cardiastethus Fieber. As a logued information on this species in the consequence of this close resemblance, Palearctic, and Yamada and Hirowatari several species now included in Aniphiar- (2003) revised Aniphiureus and provided a eu.s were originally described in Cardias- key to the five known species. tethus, including the type species of the In this paper, we give the first records genus, A. con.strictus (Stâl), and the of A. obscuriceps in North America based adventive A. obscuriceps (Poppius) report- on specimens from 14 eastern U.S. states, ed in this paper. Early efforts to identify the District of Columbia, and one Cana- our specimens of A. obscuriceps, using dian province. To facilitate recognition. North American keys such as Blatchley we provide a diagnosis, description, adult (1926) and Kelton (1978), guided us to a photographs, and scanning electron pho- conclusion that we probably had a species tomicrographs of selected structures. The of Cardiastethus. Eventual use of Her- poorly known dead-leaf microhabitat, rings (1976) generic key to North Amer- associated plants, and potential prey of ican anthocorids enabled us to identify the this adventive anthocorid are discussed. VOLUME 110, NUMBER 2 403 Amphiareus obscuriceps (Poppius) base of cuneus 1.64-1.80 mm, width 0.99- (Figs. 1-13) 1.07 mm. Head: Length 0.40 mm, width 0.38 mm, vertex 0.18 mm. Labium: Length Cardiastethus obscuriceps Poppius 1909: 0.80 mm. Antenna: Segment I, length 19 (orig. descrip.). 0.13 mm; II, 0.46-0.48 mm; III, 0.30- Arnp/ziareus obscuriceps: Hiura 1960: 48 0.32 mm; IV, 0.29-0.30 mm. Pronotuni: (n. comb.); Herring 1965: 203 (note); Length 0.35-0.37 mm, basal width 0.83- Péricart 1996: 129 (cat.); Bu and Zheng 0.84 mm. 2001: 90 (descrip., distr., figs., key); Female (n = 10): Length to apex of Yamada and Hirowatari 2003: 297 membrane 2.48-2.76 mm, length to base (descrip., distr., figs., key). of cuneus 1.76-1.84 mm, width 0.98- 1.06 mm. Head: Length 0.40-0.42 mm. Diagnosis.—A 1, iphiareus obscuriceps is width 0.38-0.40 mm, vertex 0.18 mm. distinguished from all other North Labium: Length 0.86-0.88 mm. Antenna: American anthocorids by the yellowish- Segment I, length 0.10-0.11 mm; 11, brown hemelytra and contrastingly dark- 0.42-0.45 mm; III, 0.27-0.29 mm; IV, er brown to fuscous head and pronotum 0.27-0.30 mm. Pronotuin: Length 0.35-- (Figs. 1, 3), the distinctly raised trilobed 0.38 mm, basal width 0.80-0.93 mm. setal bases on the clavus (Fig. 9a) and Overall coloration yellowish brown to multilobed setal bases on the apical half darker orange brown. Head (Figs. 5-8) of the scutellum (Fig. 9b), smooth im- dark brown to fuscous anteriorly from punctate corium, the posteriorly directed ocelli to apex of clypeus; dark orange ostiolar scent channel and prolonged brown posterior to ocelli; uniformly set anteriorly curved carina (Fig. 10), and with long, semierect setae; and with three the sickle-shaped paramere (Fig. 12). pairs of long trichobothria, one with a In Herring (1976), this species keys to trichobothrium on either side of vertex the subfamily Lyctocorinae and the tribe between eye and ocellus, one near front Cardiastethini, based on the slender margin of each eye, and one on each side antennal segments III and IV and the of basal third of clypeus. Labium uni- slightly posteriorly directed ostiolar au- formly yellow, extending to about middle ricle with a prolonged carina that reaches of mesosternum. Antenna: Segment I the anterior margin of the metapleuron. brown, segment II yellowish brown on In Cardiastethini, it keys to Amp/ziareus, basal half, darker brown distally, seg- based on the posteriorly directed auricle ments I and apical half of II subequally with a prolonged carina and a "punc- thick, clothed with semierect setae sub- tate" [actually lobed setal bases-see equal to or slightly greater in length than description and Fig. 9] clavus and scu- diameter of segments; segments III and tellum. IV brown, more slender than base of Amphiareus obscuriceps can be distin- segment II, clothed with long, semierect guished from A. constrictus, the only setae, length 3 or more times diameter other species of the genus known in the of respective segments. Pronotum shiny United States (Henry 1988; Lattin 2007a, dark orange brown to nearly fuscous; b), by the dark brown to fuscous head sides relatively straight, slightly bulging and dark brown pronotum, contrasting at calli, basal margin strongly sinuate; with the more yellowish-brown hemely- collar distinct, rugose, with short, evenly tra (versus the uniformly yellowish- spaced, parallel carinae across posterior brown body of A. constrictus). half, forming a necklacelike pattern Description.—Male (n = 10): Length to (Fig. 7); calli convex, undivided at mid- apex of membrane 2.52-2.72 mm, length to dle, impunctate; posterior lobe behind 404 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON _____ \ ..< .-. - * El I if I 4. Iiiij/iiiiii I.sInucp.. I. 2. Adult Inal. I. I)oisui uspuct. 2. Lutcia! ipect .3. 4. Adult female. 3. Dorsal aspect. 4. Lateral aspect. VOLUME 110, NUMBER 2 405 calli finely and sparsely punctate, with spp.), sweet-gum (Liquidambar stiraci- numerous long, semierect setae; and Jlua L.), and tulip tree (Liriodendron three pairs of long erect trichobothria, tulipijera L.) in suburban and urban one at anterior angle of each callus, one landscapes, in woodlands, and at edges at each lateral margin near callar bulge, of second-growth forests. Another com- and one at each posterior angle. Scutel- mon habitat was brush piles of oaks and lum orange brown, nearly equilateral, other hardwoods. Less frequently, A. slightly wider at base than long, deeply obscuriceps was beaten from dead leaves depressed through middle; basal third of conifers (e.g., Jun/penis virginianci L., shiny, finely punctate, apical third P/ntis spp.) and conifer brush piles, strongly rugose, with raised, multilobed shrubs, vines, weeds (e.g., Ambrosia setal bases (Fig. 9b) of long, semierect artemisi folia L.), and grasses (e.g., Pan- setae. Hernelytron (Fig. 9) yellowish icuni vingaulili! L.). Several adults and brown, thickly clothed with long, semi- nymphs were taken in old nests of the erect setae; setae on clavus with raised, eastern tent caterpillar (Ma/acesonia trilobed bases (Fig. 9a), corium and ainenicanum (F.). Lepidoptera: Lasio- cuneus impunctate; membrane uniform- campidae). One series of adults was ly smoky brown. Ventral surface shiny shaken from a nest of the eastern grey yellowish brown to dark orange brown; squirrel (Sciurus caroline,isis Gmelin, abdomen often darker brown to fuscous. Rodentia: Sciuridae), which was a dense Ostiolar area (Fig. 10) orange brown; mass of dead dry leaves of V/i/s sp. built auricle and scent channel narrow, shiny, among vine tangles in a wild cherry tree extending dorsally as a carinate line, (Prunus serolina Ehrh.) about 3 m above angling forward to anterior margin of ground. Specimens also were collected at metapleuron. Legs uniformly yellowish light and in Malaise traps. The reddish brown; front tibia in males with a row of nymphs were found on hardwood trees short, stout spines on distal three fourths (in dead-leaf clusters on trees or fallen of ventral side; front tibia in females branches, in moldy frass in tent caterpil- unarmed; claws slender, weakly curved lar nests, or in brush piles). (Fig. II). Male genital capsule (Fig. 12) A inp/uareus obscuriceps was collected broadly cone-shaped, somewhat flat- throughout the year, suggesting that it tened, with single sickle-shaped para- is multivoltine. Adults apparently over- mere arising dorsocaudally and curving wintered. Although nymphs were found anteriorly over top left edge of capsule. in early January at a site in Maryland, Plant associations and habits—Adults we do not know if they survived the were associated consistently with dead- winter. Psocids generally were beaten plant material such as leaves of tree from dead leaves that yielded the antho- branches still attached, detached and corid. Other potential prey included suspended in trees, or fallen.