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Rare, Threatened, and Endangered

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Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Oregon Biodiversity Information Center Institute for Natural Resources Portland State University P.O. Box 751, Mail Stop: INR Portland, OR 97207-0751 (503) 725-9950 http://inr.oregonstate.edu/orbic With assistance from: U.S. Forest Service Bureau of Land Management U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service NatureServe OregonFlora at Oregon State University The Nature Conservancy Oregon Parks and Recreation Department Oregon Department of State Lands Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Oregon Department of Agriculture Native Plant Society of Oregon Compiled and published by the following staff at the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center: Jimmy Kagan, Director/Ecologist Sue Vrilakas, Botanist/Data Manager Eleanor Gaines, Zoologist Lindsey Wise, Botanist/Data Manager Michael Russell, Botanist/Ecologist Cayla Sigrah, GIS and Database Support Specialist Cover Photo: Charadrius nivosus (Snowy plover chick and adult). Photo by Cathy Tronquet. ORBIC Street Address: Portland State University, Science and Education Center, 2112 SW Fifth Ave., Suite 140, Portland, Oregon, 97201 ORBIC Mailing Address: Portland State University, Mail Stop: INR, P.O. Box 751, Portland, Oregon 97207-0751 Bibliographic reference to this publication should read: Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. 2019. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species of Oregon. Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon. 133 pp. CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Distribution Information ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Oregon Map with Ecoregions and Counties ................................................................................................................ 4 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Special Animals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Summary List .................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Fish .................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Amphibians .................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Reptiles ............................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Birds.................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 Mammals ....................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Invertebrates ................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Animals Arranged by Status ........................................................................................................................................ 37 Federal Endangered Species Act Status ............................................................................................................... 37 Federal Species of Concern ..................................................................................................................................... 38 State Endangered Species Act Status ................................................................................................................... 39 ODFW Sensitive Species ........................................................................................................................................... 40 ODFW Conservation Strategy Species………………………………………………………………………………………………43 Drops and Name Changes ....................................................................................................................................... 47 Special Plants ...................................................................................................................................................................... 48 Summary List ................................................................................................................................................................... 52 Vascular Plants ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Marine Algae ................................................................................................................................................................. 97 Liverworts and Hornworts ........................................................................................................................................ 98 Mosses ........................................................................................................................................................................... 101 Lichens ........................................................................................................................................................................... 106 Fungi .............................................................................................................................................................................. 110 Plants Arranged by Status .......................................................................................................................................... 124 Federal Endangered Species Act Status ............................................................................................................. 124 USFWS Species of Concern .................................................................................................................................... 124 State Endangered Species Act Status .................................................................................................................. 125 Drops and Name Changes ...................................................................................................................................... 127 Plant Field Survey Form .................................................................................................................................................. 130 Animal Field Survey Form .............................................................................................................................................. 131 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................................................ 132 Codes and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................... 133 INTRODUCTION Today, plant and animal species are disappearing Oregon State Endangered Species Programs world-wide at an accelerated pace. Based on current In 1987, the Oregon Legislature passed an trends, many scientists believe that over half of the Endangered Species Act which gave the Oregon species present on earth in 1900 will be extinct by Department of Agriculture (ODA) responsibility and 2100. The major causes are climate change, jurisdiction over threatened and endangered plants, introduced invasive species, and continued habitat and reaffirmed the Oregon Department of Fish and loss from increasing water, housing, food, fiber, wood Wildlife's (ODFW) responsibility for threatened and and energy needs. In spite of increased conservation endangered fish and wildlife. Both of these agencies funding and work, all of these threats to the have entered into cooperative (Section 6) agreements environment continue to increase, in Oregon and with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service throughout the world. (USFWS) for the purpose of carrying out research and Once lost, a species can never be recovered, and conservation programs for animals and plants under there is no way of knowing how useful it may have the auspices of the federal Endangered Species Act. been. We do know that human beings and many of Oregon Parks and Recreation Department (OPRD) has their industries depend on plant and animal products. a similar agreement with USFWS for invertebrates. About 50% of all pharmaceuticals have a natural More information on the state endangered species component as an active ingredient, yet less than one programs can be found at the beginning of the percent of the world's species have been chemically animal and plant sections of this book. analyzed and tested. Many insects and plants contain Oregon Biodiversity Information Center undescribed and highly functional compounds. The Oregon Biodiversity Information Center (ORBIC) Limnanthes pumila ssp. grandiflora, or big-flowered is part
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