to work, his skill, his ingenuity and in- tegrity will carry him. We have the right to work when and where we please, to worship as we want to, to speak our minds on any subject, to meet with our fellow men for any peaceful purpose, to be secure in our possessions. We consider that the individual is• superior to the State and that public officials are

Pub lished quarterly at Flin Flon, Manitoba, b y the servants of the people, and that they Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting Co., Limited . Printed by The Wallingford Press Ltd., 303 K ennedy derive their powers from the consent of St., Winnipeg. Engraving by Bridgen's Ltd ., Winnipeg. Entered as second class matter , Post Office Dept. the people. Ottawa. These things taken together have cre- GEORGE MAINWARING, Editor. ated an atmosphere of freedom and an Vol. 11 SEPTEMBER, 1952 No.3 economic climate in which is possible the great production and diffusion of wealth known only to advanced democracies. Here we have a higher standard of living, even for the lowest paid worker, the world W E got to thinking the other day that has ever known. in spite of our seeming isolation in Why? Because in the last hundred Northern Manitoba, there was not much years free men in a free country - and lacking in the amenities which go to make we have 42 nationalities employed here in up the full life. There is little to be had Flin Flon - have been working together elsewhere that is not available here in Flin to provide this better way of life. Let us Flon. Here, we may be slow in getting the hold on to what they have given us and go finished look a"nd the gayer lights of the forward in the new faith that our way of city, but we are young yet, and it takes life is the greatest blessing known to man time. anywhere on the face of God's earth. And then we realized that our Canadi.an * way of life is made up of many things, bathtubs, and automobiles; big cities and small towns like ours; farms and gardens; big industries and small machine shops; While the primary purpose of Labor big universities and little red schoolhouses Organizations is to promote the economic at the side of the road; churches and hos- and social interests of their members, they pitals; railways and airlines; chewing gum are dedicated to democracy, the protection and ice cream; department stores and little of our free institutions and the promotion corner groceries; specialty shops and of the dignity of man. Free men and free beauty parlours; pool rooms and race industrial competition are the strength of tracks; musical festivals and the school our free society. play. Yes, and laughter and sorrow; eager- system of private, free enterprise ness and despair. And people, millions of has contributed to our high standard of all kinds of people gathered together from living and offers the best opportunity for all over the world, drawn by the magnet future economic progress. It must con- of freedom, opportunity and justice. tinue to be the foundation of our nation's Our Canadian way of life provides each economic and social progress.- GEORGE M. individual with an opportunity to go as HARRISON, Grand President, Brotherhood of far and climb as high as his willingness Railway Clerks.

Page One MINE R. G. AsH ITH more leisure time this Wpast summer than ever be- fore due to the 44-hour week, we thought we would talk with a few of our Underground men and find out what they have been doing with this extra time away from the job Pete Stevenson and family. This was taken two years and what their hobbies are. ago, but is such a pleasant group we couldn't heLp The first man we talked to was Pete printing it. Stevenson, "Fiddling King of the North"

Chi ldren start fishing as and an underground man for the past five soon as they can /toLd a string. Gunnar Johannson's years. Pete says most of his spare time is two children prove this. devoted to looking after his seven children and music. His "Old-Time" Orchestra is one of the leading orchestras in town and has recently been playing, with a good deal of success at the dances on Saturday night at the Jubilee Hall. Pete is one of those fellows always in demand for the many types of gatherings around town and is always ready to play a jig on his fiddle and help with the entertaining. The younger generation of Stevensons are now starting to come to the fore in the musical world and the two oldest daughters, Mil- dred and Marlene are singing, accompanied by their dad at most of the local Stage Shows. We have often admired the clean look of Harry Hanson's home on Beaver Lake Road, as it is painted white and the yare is neat as a pin. In talking to Harry he tells us that practically all his summer spare time is spent at his new camp at Baker's Narrows - in fact, he drives back and forth every day to work, a distance of 20 miles. He is at present finishing the cal::in, building a dock and doing the odd bit of fishing. He says he was fishing in the Glory Hole for old Athapap just half an hour before Fred Constable pulled out 1he 37-pound trout which won him a nice new car. Better luck next year Harr. . We talked with Gunnar J ohannson, who tells us that this summer's spare time has been spent levelling his lot and driving ·'Gene" Gagne, cheery cagetender at N orth Main. Page Two Harvey Pollan d id a lot of di g- gin g u n der hi s house before h e got this far.

H ans Crone, S.M. S. shift-boss, spent 2 or 3 years building his home.

H arry H arrison's h ome on B eaver L ake Road ltas few W atson G ilmore' s project sltows ltaw to equals for beauty . a bi g house from a small one.

his family out to the lake where a great feet, put a foundation under it, enlarged deal of fishing and swimming took place. the old part of the house, put in running A lot of Gunnar's time is also spent in water and finished up with a very nice music. He sings and takes an active par t house plus a basement suite. Watson used in the Lutheran and the H .B.M. & S. to be a star baseball player but now he uas Choirs. He has two girls and a boy. The a family of four and a cottag at the lake. oldest are taking pian~ lessons and with His spare time is spent there, cutting wood, · Gunnar on the trumpet and the kids on picking berries, hauling gravel, swirr.ming the piano there is a lot of music around and fishing. the Johannson house, 91 Green Street. Driving around town we saw under- Bill Lazaruk, one of our Diamond Dril- ground men working and relaxing. Dick lers, tells us that he enjoys his spare time Woloshyn built his house, opposite Willow working with woodworking tools. This Park Rink, practically by himself. Harvey spring he decided to build himself a boat Pollon raised his house and put in a solid and ended up with a 16-foot Sea-Gull foundation. Wilf Lipton and Doug Cam- design, 64-inch beam, 33-inch deep sturdy eron spent most of their time fishing and and seaworthy enough to stand the rough- caught a few over 20 pounds. Eddie est waters of Lake Athapap. He has m ade Chlan spends two or three nights a week a dozen or more trips from Channing tak- playing b 3.ll for ~he Mine Ball team. Jack ing his three children or three or four of Betteridge and Walter Tokarek spend a his buddies down on a fishing trip. He lot of time at the Golf Course. also found time to visit his father down The Mine men are a very active lot. on the farm at Preeceville this summer. Most of them own cars and a drive of 600 Watson Gilmore, a South Main ~01stm1m miles over a long weekend is not unusual. and a Flin Floner for the past 23 years, is At the same time it would be hard to guoss one fellow who planned to do a lot ctu ring how many fish have been caught by the the spring and summer and has carried Mine Crew who prefer to stay and enjoy his plans through. He raised his house 7 the pleasure of our many local lakes.

Page T hree Summer is the time for youth

COMMUNITY CLUB

J. MULHALL

OMMUNITY Club activities in the parks noticed at the July 1st outing where they C and playgrounds are having another handled all water sports. good season for the children during holi- The Recreational Instructors are work- days. Tony Dojack and his four capable ing hard to schedule games of every sort assistants Eleanor Kepper, Flora Dahlgren, to keep the young ones amused and teach- Donna Whitaker and Betty Jo Wasylenko ing them all types of athletics - the ball are out every day, weather permitting, leagues being very popular. The one keeping the little tots interested and the shortage that is most noticeable is Wading ball leagues going full swing. Pools. It is almost impossible for the Mr. Chatte can be found at Phantom average mother living below the hill to Beach patiently teaching the little ones to take the wee ones all the way to Phantom swim. The Red Cross Swimming Classes Beach several times a week. The only were again held at Phantom and a good answer is more wading pools. Seems too number of swimmers received badges. bad that in this country of water and lakes This is not a Club-sponsored course but galore there should be such a shortage. your Club and instructors have always Your Community Club being taxed quite co-operated in every way. The Grayling beyond the limit at the present time would Club are also having a good season as like to take the lead in the matter but, for

Page Four this year, it is quite impossible. TIMELY TIP FOR FALL HUNTERS Hardball seems to be here to stay. The From what we can gather, duck hunters brand of baseball being played at Foster never eat ducks but give them away to Park has improved greatly this season, as their friends. Since they - the hunters - noticed by the showing our teams made must subsist on what they can bring down, outside. The Mine, Town, Ostry's and and since occasionally a careless loon drops Legion teams and their sponsors are to be as a result of shortsightedness, here is a congratulated for a great contribution to recipe we picked up the other day which the fans' enjoyment. The covered drainage might come in handy at the end of the ditch on the east side of Foster Park should day's shoot. be a great help in keeping the field dry. Looks like a move will have to be made at Kinsmen Park as the proposed new POTTED LOON cross-town highway is heading right into Take one large loon also a chunk of rock, the rink and dressing rooms. Birchview preferably granite and of the size of the children will be obliged to cross this high- loon. Place rock and loon in pot and, as way in order 'to reach the play lot, ball with polar bear, Arctic hare and such, field and rink. flavor to taste with salt and boil until you In future write-ups maybe it would be can put your fork through the granite, then a good idea to have the branch clubs con- you will know the loon is done. Throw tribute articles so as to better acquaint our out the loon and eat the rock. It is less in- readers with the workings and ideals of jurious to the teeth. each club; therefore, the Camera Club are taking the lead in this issue. Plans are going ahead for the win- ter season and Coach Shibicky will be back again. Quite a few hold- overs are looking forlfard to the Hockey School to be held in Septem- ber or early October and several new faces will be on hand for the rail birds to watch. Improvements are being planned for the curling rinks and the main arena. Don't forget to attend the Annual Meeting this fall; we hope to see a full house.

.. ~......

Front cover is a colour shot of the Open Pit by Curly Grandison of the Machine Shop staff. BTuce Noton of the X -Ray Department sent us the inside front cover picture and the inside back cover is a scene at Beaver Lake taken by Publication Department.

T ennis was very popular with the younger ones tltis summer.

Pa~e F'ive FLIN FLON CAMERA CLUB THE Flin Flon Camera Club operates as Facilities include a darkroom, located in a branch club of the Community Club the south-east corner of the Jubilee Hall. and any member of the Community Club In this room are two good enlargers, two is eligible for membership. At present contact printers, photographic trays, print there are about twenty active members. washing and drying vessels, as well as The purpose of. the Club is to help those numerous smaller articles which add to who are interested in photography as a the pleasure of making pictures. Members hobby to make their own pic{ures. A dark- are required to buy their own chemicals room is maintained where members are and paper, the equipment being furnished able to develop their films in their leisure by the Camera Club. Each member has time and to make prints or enlargements his own key to the darkroom and is free from their negatives. to use the room at any time he wishes, for a period of two hours, or if no one else is waiting, for longer periods. During the months from October to June inclusive, the Club meets on the first Monday of each month in the Sewing Room. At these meet- ings one of the members of the Club gives a talk on a subject of photo- graphic interest. Discussion follows and the prints submitted for the monthly contest are judged. The winner receives a package of photo- graphic paper as his prize. Anyone interested in joining the club may secure further information from the executive or any member.

P age Six SUGGESTION PLAN

w. COPELAND

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN PEOPLE Later on, some man, thinking all women DON'T THINK? stupid, thought he found the solution to the problem by leaving the key on top of ANY true life stories have been told M about people who didn't think, such the door casing. He was sure no burglar as the fellow who lit a match to see how would ever look up there so he told his much gas he had in the tank of his car, friends about the clever hiding place he but I think the most interesting for pro- had discovered. The only trouble was that longed stupidity is the story connected short people, including short burglars, had with the common house door key. to go to the inconvenience of getting some- Let's go back a few decades when :man thing to stand on to get the key. was master of his domicile and his wife The next hiding place for the key was stayed at home to peel the potatoes and in the family letter box. Certainly no shine the kitchen stove, and see what happened. During this period most door burglar would ever think of looking in a locks were furnished with one key only letter box for a key, but this also turned out to be a key for many successful burg- and you can well imagine who carried the laries. The last I knew people were hiding key to the house. As time went on and keys in rubbers and overshoes left !fear women made social progress such as tak- the door by members of the family. ing an aft~rnoon walk with a friend, a All this nonsense can be avoided if problem arose over who should have people would only stop and do a little sound possession of the key. 'Some lady, I pre- thinking. A locksmith will furnish you sume, found the solution to this dilemma with extra keys for your door at little by suggesting that the key be put under cost. Why not give each grown member the door mat when all members of the of your family a door key and eliminate family were absent so it could be used by this unnecessary risk. You might just as the first person returning home. This well leave the key in the lock as put it appeared to be such a splendid idea that under a mat, on the top of the door casing, Mrs. Smith told Mrs. Jones and Mrs. Jones in a letter box or in a rubber or overshoe. told Mrs. Snodgrass about the new idea Incidentally, if you have any good ideas anJ. the secret hiding place that had been in connection with better production found for the door key. Mrs. Snodgrass methods, don't put them under the door being a woman, told Mrs. Higginbottom mat, write down your ideas on a suggestion and before the week had ended, hundreds blank and send them to the Suggestion of families were putting their keys in the Department. Good ideas can be the key "secret" hiding place. Then the inevitable to your future success. happened. Every burglar was in on the secret and hundreds of homes were robbed. People could not understand how the secret had leaked out. Some idea!

Page Seven C. C. SETTERINGTON

B RANCH election of Officers was held in of the day's operation was very satisfactory May with installation being carried indeed. We also operated a dance the same out at the regular June meeting. Cde. J . E. evening in the Legion Hall. All profits go "Jack" Sturley, WWl, is our new President to the First of July committee who, in and he and his executive have had a busy turn, donate them to worthwhile local or- summer full of activities to date. ganizations and causes. TROUT FESTIVAL BOY SCOUTS Opening proceedings of the second As all members of the Branch should annual Trout Festival was held at Baker's know we sponsor the 5th Boy Scout Group Narrows on June 29th. Our branch was in F'lin Flon. This year the executive is again asked to take care of the Flag Rais- donating a trip for the boys to their sum- ing ceremony. This was ably looked after mer camp. Cde. L. H. Dion is Branch with Cde. Jim Vann in charge. representative to the Group. The Rev. FIRST OF JULY Walter Jones is in charge of the Scouts while at camp. Excellent weather prevailed at Phantom Lake on the First of July and a record SPORTS crowd was in attendance. Sports and other The Pas Branch No. 19 have challenged features were ably run off . our Branch to a Softball game for a trophy An impressive parade led by the H .B.M. emblematic of the championship of Dis- & S. Co. Ltd. Pipe Band, R.C.M. Police, trict No. 1. Legion Colour Party, Canadian Legion, Our hardball team playing in the local Elks' Youth Band, Army Cadets and other league, while at the moment are not at the units paraded to the grounds and the Flag top of the heap, are nevertheless giving a was duly raised. good acount of themselves. Cde. President Jack Sturley took the CARNIVAL salute and Mayor Cyril Steventon de- This year's E. J . Casey Shows have come livered a fine Dominion Day address. and gone again and were again sponsored The Branch was in charge of the bingo by the Branch. Cde. "Ed" and his show booth, as in former years, and the result is getting to be an institution in Flin Flon

Cdes. Stone, W ainwright and Ceaser, Decoration D ay Service 1934 at the old cemetery near Hapnot Lake. 1934. At the D ominion Convention. MontreaL. I n foreground Clare SparLing, ELsie D r agalowski and BilL Lockhart.

and the crowds can always be assured of Local papers are also sent to our lads in good clean games and rides. th 2'7 th Brigade in Europe. The Bingo Booth was in charge of Cde. RED CROSS Jack Chrisp and he and his "gang" put on a smartly set up game for the players:. The The Br anch was pleased to make a writer was Carnival Chairman this year donation to the Water Safety Campaign, and we believe that our results were satis- sponsored locally by the Chamber of factory to all concerned. Commerce and under the direction of the Water Safety Division of the Canadian AROUND THE HALL Red Cross. One of the last major jobs of retiring Prizes in the form of two bicycles were president, Cde. Clare Sparling was the re- given to the boy and girl who identified decorating of the canteen. Its new color five "mystery" voices over the radio who scheme of gray and maroon is very pleas- were speaking on the Water Safety Cam- ing to the eye and does a lot to brighten paign. up the gathering place of those wh~ like to quaff their thirst w.jth a pint of " 'arf TAG DAY FOR THE BLIND and 'arf. ' The Ladies' Auxiliary are to be con- A new hot water system was installed gratulated for their splendid assistance this summer under the able guidance of rendered during the recent Tag Day held Cde. orm Murphy. This is a fully auto- for the Canadian National Institute for the matic system and the Ladies' Auxiliary Blind. were so pleased with the job that they are Operating the taggers' headquarters in sharing the expense of installation. the Legion Hall they did fine work in making refreshments available to all WISE OR OTHERWISE workers taking part in the Tag Day. Welcomed back on leave from the Korean War is Gnr. Norman Dow; Trp. DOMINION COMMAND CONVENTION Norm McKenzie; Cpl. Sid Harrison; L/ Cpl. Cde. Clare Sparling attended the Con- M. J . Krehbiel and Gnr. R. F . Wanamaker. vention held in Montreal as official repre- Glad to see you back, boys, and hope that sentative from the Branch. He was your leave was a good one. accompanied by Cde. Bill Lockhart who Pte. K. 0. Hanson has left for service in was there in his capacity from the Pro- Korea. vincial Command. Very full and complete Latest word from Walter Hicks is that reports were given by both delegates at he has been drafted to H .M.C.S. "Nootka." the June meeting. The Branch is continuing to send local papers and cigarettes to all our boys in REMEMBER REMEMBRANCE DAY Korea. ON NOVEMBER 11th

Page N ine IT'S NICE TO HAVE A MAN AROUND Store screens in any dry place where THE HOUSE they can't be accidentally damaged. One good method is to build a simple rack was when the men of the house TIME hung from the basement ceiling or attic never deigned to help with shopping, rafters. Then they'll be out of harm's way, children-tending, and cleaning chores. yet quickly available when needed. Then came the switch. When it's time to replace screens by This Fall, with millions of screens and storm windows and doors, reverse the awnings to be cleaned and stored, storm process; even if they were put away clean windows and doors to be installed. and in the Spring, the light dust that has porch rugs to be scrubbed and rolled, the gathered over the summer must be washed menfolk - and boys - will be out in from frames and panes be made shining force. But they'll probably need consider- clean before "putting up." able encouragement to tackle the job, and; some tips to help in turning out profes- Part of outdoor housecleaning is to care sional results. for fibre porch and terrace rugs. Vacuum or sweep both sides. Shampoo the rug Wait for a day that's clear and sunny lightly with thick ''dry" soapsuds off the for rapid drying; choose a flat, smooth, top of the pail. Working on a small area clean spot where water does no harm, and at a time, follow the suds by wiping with assemble all the required "tools" before a clean damp cloth; repeat on another starting - pail, brushes, sponge and soap. section until the entire surface has been Awnings should be washed before stor- washed on both sides. Avoid saturating age, of course, as dirt helps to tenderize wetness, and be sure the rug dries well; fibres and encowrage mildew. It is best to small ones can be flung over a clothes line. wash canvas awnings right on the frame. Easiest method is to hose eaeh one off with WHAT IS A BOY? water and scrub it with a soft brush and stiff soap suds. Rinse immediately with After a male baby has grown out of long the hose. If your man or lad insists on clothes and triangles and has acquired taking it off the frame for washing, be sure pants, freckles and so much dirt that rela- it's pre-shrunk. Dry thoroughly before tives do not dare kiss it between meals, it storing. becomes a BOY. Screens need a shower bath at the end A boy is Nature's answer to that false of summer to remove accumulated dirt. belief that there is no such thing as per- Removable ones should be taken down, petual motion. the wire cloth scrubbed with a fibre brush A boy can swim like a fish, run like a and soap-suds, with the frame wiped well deer, climb like a squirrel, balk like a with a soapy cloth. Flush with the garden mule, bellow like a bull, eat like a pig, or hose, if the job is done outdoors, or with a act like a jackass, according to climatic spray in the washtub. Use plenty of elbow conditions. grease along with the soapsuds to remove Were it not for boys, the newspaper sport any "drip" from the screening. pages would go unread and a thousand or A little foresight now will make it easy so movies would go bankrupt. Boys are to replace screens next year: gather useful in running errands with the aid of screws, hooks, and other attachments in five or six adults. The zest with which a a paper bag to tie on each unit. Mark each boy does an errand is equalled only by the one for easy identification. speed of a turtle on a July day.

Page Ten Boys faithfully imitate their Dads in spite of all efforts to teach them good manners. A boy, if not washed too often and if kept in a cool, quiet place after each acci- dent will survive broken bones, hornets, swimming holes, fights and nine helpings of pie A boy is a piece of skin stretched over an appetite. A noise covered with smudges. He is called a tornado because he comes at the most unexpected places and leaves everything a wreck after him. He is a growing animal of superlative promise, to be fed, watered, and kept warm, a joy forever, a periodic nuisance, the problem of our times and the hope of the nation. Every BOY born is evidence that God isn't yet discouraged of man.

A st•·ong arm comes in han dy for washing dirt from Dr. Randolph Ray, rector of the Little door ancl window screens. Sponge the painted wood frame aiL around, using plenty of elbow grease along Church Around the Corner, doesn't believe with the soapsud.s to remove any drip" from the screen- ing. Then comes a good hosing, with the nozzle ad- in giving young couples long-winded ad- ;usted to a fine spray. Last step is to wipe the screen vice on marriage. His usual parting speech cmd stand it up to clry in the breeze. is a terse, nine-word affair. "Now,' he tells them 'with a smile "don't both get mad at the same time!"

A fellow needs a friend to help out when he's wash- ing a framed canvas awn- ing. When stretched taut, it's easy to scnJ.b. After rinsin!l, straighten scallops by pulling along the edge stitching.

Page ELeven trying to decide when and where to go - in fact, some of the lucky ones have alread r had theirs. Toddy Murray enjoyed a motor trip to the west coast in her new (to her) Dodge Suburban. Other holidayers were Joyce

Joan Andrews has ;oined Pay Guymer and Gwen J ckson to the States, Office staff. The gals in disauise are Leion Babe McCullum to Calgary, Lorna Rogan Clctrk son and Gwen Jackson. to Regina, Evelyn Smith to Winnipeg Norma McLean to Emerson, Kay Miller to Portage la Prairie, Helen Miller to Van- couver, Bunny Martin to Winnipeg, Ella Lyon to Portage la Prairie. Joe Van N es spent his holidays building an addition to his summer home at Baker's Narrows. Joyce Murray attended Cub Camp at Camp Whitney and reported a good "rest- ful" time. Congratulations and best wishes to Ann Indseth and Ray Mullaney whose marriage took place July 28. We notice that both Leion Clarkson and Jeanette Roche are flashing diamonds. Nothing definite to report as yet. The main office welcomes newcomers Joan Workman and Frances Allan. Joan is at present helping out in the Power Office and Frances, who comes to us from Mont- real, is key punching in the pay office. Hope you enjoy being with us. \Ve are sorry to report that Jean Cross- J essie MacLeod i s steno in Stewm·d's Office. ley and Joyce Trueman have left the office. Jean is enjoying an extended vacation at Morley McKenzie and J ean her home in Minnedosa, and Jo ce enjoys (nee Simons) make a happy looking coupl e. the general hub-bub of keeping house to the peace and quiet of the pay office. Come back and see us often girls. Now that the Trout Festival is over and MAIN OFFICE reported a huge success, Bud Jobin has been able to return to normal. We all LORNA ROGAN enjoyed hearing Cliff McKay and hope GENEVIEVE HUDON he will be back again to see us before too long. Congratulations to Fred Constable I FOLKS! Just a few lines to get us on winning the Trout Festival car. How all caught up on the latest gossip H about a ride Fred? around the main office. With the summer months upon us, every- That's all we have for this time but you one is either talking about holidays or will be hearing from us again.

Page Twelve Joyce Easton. Joyce is a pretty blond. WINNIPEG OFFICE about 5 feet four and would tip the scales A. GILLIES at about 115. Very nice! She is quite a ITH vacations in full swing, members fisherman too, and puts all the boys in the office to shame with her catches of of the Winnipeg Office can be found W pickerel at Lac Lu. She also plays tennis. in many parts of the country. Joan Aston is dividing hers between Kenora, Ontario Stu Hayward has just returned to work and Clear Lake, Manitoba. Now that she after a short stay in the hospital. He said drives her own car she can cover a much that he had to leave in a hurry because greater area. there was a shortage o£ space but I checked Erma Hamilton has written lately from with the cute little brunette nurse and the Continent and appears to be having a found that he had been run out for other very interesting trip; she was in Scotland reasons. He is now planning to go down when last heard from and was going from to Victoria Beach for his holidays and re- there to Ireland. She has already visited new operations down there. Buck Buch- France, Italy, Belgium, Holland, and anan will be staying down there at the Switzerland. She is making the tour with same time as will your reporter. (Just to her sister and will probably have a lot to keep an eye on those two). Buck spent tell us when she returns. part of his holidays in Minneapolis and Bill and Moira Tindall spent their holi- says that the food is very delicious there. days at Minaki this year. Bill is usually Betty Smith does not seem content with a very unlucky chap. If he plans to golf, chasing pedestrians with her car; she has fish or do anything outdoors he can depend been down at Dryden, learning how to on a good rainstorm to dampen his en- operate an outboard motor so that she will thusiasm. His luck ran true to form and be able to pursue people on water also. the weather. was cold, cloudy and miser- Reg Blake has started off on a motor trip able, for all his stay in Minaki. to Vancouver and west coast points via the Shirley Clint, as you know, is going to U.S.A We will get a report when Reg be marr ied in the fall. She recently went comes back. Fairlye Allen is planning to to Minneapolis to buy her wedding en- go to Los Angeles in September but has not semble I don t know what she bought but yet completed her plans. judging from the giggles and whispers The office fishing party was held again among the girls it must have been the this year at Margaret Lake on the Winni- usual frilly, filmy things which girls con- peg River. The weather was very nice sider so necessary. Shirley has been re- but the fish were not biting too well. In placed on the switchboard by a brand new fact, hardly at all. There were only two addition to the office staff in the person of (Continued on page 30)

O zzie B uchanan and tlt e pau se that refreshes. M oira and Bill T indaLL at M inak i-what if it did rain all the time.

J oyce East on, new switclt- bom·d ope!'Ctto!·. Hmmmm. Alastair G iLLies cl reaming w h en he slwulcl be fishing. 0 1· was h e? the middlings, separate flotation circuit of the roughed concentrates and thickening the copper flotation tails before the zinc flotation. Various reagents were used and tested. During 1930 construction of the 3,000 ton a day mill, our present mill, was finished and operation began in July. There have been multiple changes since then. The scrubbing process, the use of sul- phur dioxide gas for acidification, was One of tlte 4-ft. x 10-ft. Lyroc Screens in Crushing Plant. dropped in 1931, and the use of zinc plant acid was adopted in the cyanide section. The whole section has been enlarged MILL AND CRUSHER through the years. ~ N. ROACH Grinding was done in one stage in 1930 F LOTATION testing of Flin Flon ore with numbers one to four ball mills on was begun in a Denver laboratory in open pit ore, :five and six mills on mine March 1926. The Flin Flon ore body was ore seven mill on the regrind of copper made up of two distinct types of ore, heavy midds and number eight mill on the re- sulphide and disseminated. After prelim- grind of zinc midds. In 1936, there was a inary testing a continuous two-ton a day switch-over to two stage grinding. Another plant was installed in Denver, where they ball mill, number nine, was obtained then dealt with problems concerning grinding two more mills, ten and eleven were in- flotation and gold and silver recovery by stalled in 1937. By 1940 the tonnage was cyanidation. up to 4,500 tons a day. Because of the war, In 1926 it was•decided that a 25-ton a day there developed a need for a still higher flotation plant with a ten-toq a day cyanide tonnage and with it, many milling prob- plant be installed at the time. The first lems. Classifiers were brought down from ore was crushed in March 1927. Old timers an upper floor to the same floor level as the Jim Bell, Frank Burke, Fred Hollier and ball mills. The primary classifiers were Art Horne worked in this pilot plant. There decreased in size. Tonnage was kept at were few difficulties at first except for about 6,150 during the war period and was the effect of talc in the ore on flotation. lowered back to 5,000 in 1945. Test work was undertaken to overcome Many changes have been made in the this. The pilot plant was shut down in flotation section. In 1930, there was a March 1928, and began again in July 1928. flotation circuit for mine ore and one for open pit ore. These circuits were later It was operated until February 1929, when it was permanently shut down. consolidated and improved. During this period mill water was ob- (Continued on page 30)

tained severally from Flin Flon, Ross and Axel Myrnold's new home on Whitney St. Trout Lakes for comparison of metallurgi- cal results. Very little difference was observed. Various modifications of treat- ment were also tried, with negative results. This consisted of grinding in a compara- tively thin pulp, feeding the crude ore to the classifier instead of to the ball mill, thickening the classifier overflow before flotation, separate flotation treatment of

Page Fourteen Jovial gentLeman f rom W i Lliam Manthey, visitor W a Lt er Anderson, goodwi!! BudLong, McKenzie and H offer hard at it! Massacltusetts, from Milwaukee. ambassador from Chicago. F red L eBuff. ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT D. M. McRAE JNthis speedy age of jets and boats that Walton is Johnny Dosco who, as a spinner hit 178 miles per hour, ocean liners that of tall fish tales has few equals. cross the pond in a wee bit over three days, You will remember in an earlier issue that our Chief Operator was trying to sell along comes our Editor imbued with the his chariot for 200 pieces of silver. Well, same speed mania and mentions that this he did! 210 is the exact figure, all of which copy is requested practically the next. day leads us to believe that Barnum was right. or else. Now you will all agree that makes Also there are three pictures of the it pretty tough for your Reporter as it is bowling final of our mixed bowling league. a well known fact he is a product of the The fir st group shows the winners: Mr. horse and buggy days when there were just and Mrs. Ed Saxbee and Mr. and Mrs. Herb two speeds namely dead slow and stop. Kitchen - that's Herb holding the bowl. However, we will do the best we can under The second group shows Mr. and Mrs Tom the circumstances. You will note we have Mann and Mr. and Mrs. Don Haselhan. pictures of three visitors in our column. The character in the striped sweater is The first is the jovial rotund gentleman of Tommy Mann; he used to be a golfer but "Distraction'' Fred I. LeBuff, Engineer for lost twenty cents one day in the rain to General Electric (Interniiltional). His home Lyle Tester and myself, so he decided to is in Newburyport, Mass. The one in the quit. The studious gentleman in the final white shirt hails from Milwaukee, and is bowling picture is Frankie Stewart. He also an Engineer, William Manthey, for is the handicapper, scorer, and chief arbi- the Allis Chalmers Mfg. Co. The last trator; in fact, he is Mr. "Bowler" himself. visitor is Walter Anderson of Chicago; he The three lads in the last picture draped spreads goodwill for the U .S. Government around the reel so restfully are Messrs. and fraternizes with curlers and golfers Budlong, McKenzie and Hoffer. The one and the odd fisherman. Of course, most in the centre of this group with the black fishermen are "old." The stories you hear top is Morley McKenzie. He has only been about the one that got away after swallow- married a short while, and is a newcomer ing everything but the boat! I understand in our department but already he has lost the latest addition to the ranks of Isaac his shirt. That's speed for you.

F'1·ankie Stewart, " Mr. BowLe1·," scorer, ltandicapper and arbi trator. Mr. and Mrs. D on H aseLhan W inne1·s of Mixed B owLing. ana Mrs. and Mr. T ommy Ed and Mrs. Sax bee, Mrs. Mann. Kitchen an d H erb. George Tikannen, shown ltere witlt Mayor Steventon, won a Company Sclwlarsltip tltis year.

Sgt. K eith Blair, Air Cadet, is congratulated by S/ L Nault on winning trophy for G enera l Proficiency.

Gwen Miller welL dese•·ved 1st prize in B athing B eauty Contest. And that's Cliff McKay of tlte Happy Gang with 1te1-. doctors conduct Ai:r Cadet Dennis Bucher re- Children's Clinic. cen?~S 1st Prize in Rifle Com- petttlon from Cpl. Walt David- son, R.C.M.P.

Ketter and Mueller won the 124-mile canoe race by a naT- I·ow margin of 5 seconds.

Winner of a nation- al contest, Mrs. Wit- lard Copeland re- ceives $2,000 cheque from the Mayor.

There is no charm greater than that of ue (proceeds of High the nortlt woods. Ron Olson P.'·esentsMcheq Ginsbel·g for Crippled ·at>on) to erv. Scltoo I opel Cltildl·en's Fund. F1·ed Constctble and daughter Iva!e with pl·ize- winning t1·out. The prize? new automobile. Mrs. D onaghy and M rs. M cL eLLand help Ear l K et!y murried Dorothy H i llier on June 12th. Al Hoffman and Stu make nearly 2,000 masks per day. Smale making masks.

It is with deep regret that we mark the SAFETY passing of W. Hoey, a member of the Safety N. IANNONE Department staff since February 19, 1947. He was a familiar figure around the plant ITis our pleasure at this time to be able in his capacity of Junior Bullgang foreman to report that Earl Gordon Kelly, one and will be remembered by many of the of our youngest staff members finally took boys who worked for him on their first iob the plunge and has now taken his place with the Company. · with the "he" men of the department. On June 12, 1952, he entered into the blissful bonds of matrimony and was wedded to Dorothy Florence Hillier. Congratulations and best wishe~ Dorothy and Earl. SMELTER Another addition to our ,.mask making F . A. GREEN department was Mrs. M. McLelland, hired on June 17, 1952. After considerable per- T HIS being vacation time, many of our suasion we managed to get a picture of employees are taking trips to distant McLelland and Donaghy "at work." places. Reg Mcinnis and Frank Garrett Speaking of masks, did you know that motored to Mexico during June and re- 800 flannelette masks are made up, soaked port a very fine trip and good weather. in an alkaline solution and delivered daily. Our Harry spent part of his vacation at Add to this 960 kimpack masks made up Lake Athapap and part in Winnipeg. We and bagged daily for the Tankhouse and expect he spent most of his time while in you h ave a good day's work done by the Winnipeg at Polo Park. Jack Allen is three women in the mask room. The away to Detroit to visit his daughter and flannelette masks are soaked and delivered take in some of the Major League ball by Earl Kelly and when he is not available games. Earl Bulow and family left for by Stuart Smale or Albert Hoffman. points in the U.S.A., and Al Ostby drove to Vancouver. George Kent is back from At the time of writing a new Mine Res- a vacation in B. C. cue equipment room is nearing completion. This room is located in the North Main Dave Johnston, Bill Fletcher and Bert Changehouse and will house all the Mine Wielenga are wearing big smiles these days Rescue equipment such as the McCaa and passing out the cigars. Bert now has Apparatus, H.H. Inhalator, Safety Flame a girl in his family. Lamp, Gas Detectors, etc. (Continued on page 30)

Page Eighteen G!enn Grigg tanding a Stan Ferg with fine trout. Jack Barkwe!! caught this Fishing party gettinq ready at fighting wa!!eye. one in Flanagan Lake. Flanagan Lake. ISLAND FALLS W. R. SouTHWORTH THE weather man didn't co-operate with We have six new houses under construc- us on Dominion Day this year. Due to tion this summer. They are being built rain, the sporting events were held inside by the Einarson Construction Company of our community hall. The weather didn't Flin Flon. dampen the ardor of our people and the At the time of writing, the golf tourna- day seemed to be thoroughly enjoyed by ment to determine our quartet for the young and old. The activities were topped annual Northern play-off, is nearing com- off by a fine dance in the evening. pletion. Leading the field are: Jack Bark- Early in June two of our citizens de- well, Ches Henry, Art Wenman and Sid cided to take the matrimonial plunge. Miss Brown. However, we have several stron~ Marion Pegg and Andy Goodwin were players away on holidays who may be back married in Plin Flon and honeymooned at in time to cause some changes in our line- the Pacific coast. '! up. Things are certainly looking up on Miss Norma Westby joined our dining our course this year. We have three new hall staff in June. Norma's home town is Toro mowers and several of the boys have Rose Valley, Saskatchewan. Mi~s Donalda treated themselves to caddie carts. Clark of Saskatoon took over the job of recreational director here on the first of Five of our young fellows report a very June for the summer months. College pleasant time had by all at Camp Whitney students, Jim Smith and Lowell Christen- and Cub Camp in July. sen joined our operating staff in June for Frank Kirkland launched another fine the summer months. "Kirkland Cruiser" in June. This is the Mr. and Mrs. Lyle Reid and son Doug second boat Frank has built here in the left Island Falls in June. Lyle had been last couple of years. Not to be outdone storekeeper here for a number of years. Allan Baker built a speedy Eskimo type June seems to be the moving month with kayak. Operated with a double bladed us. Towards the end of June, prospectors paddle this is quite a fast craft, economical Les Saville and Slim Lindsay pulled out to operate too. again for a summer of prospecting in the Yukon. They'll be back this fall just ahPad Ernie Westbury, Art Wenman and Jack of the ptarmigan. Both our teachers. Miss Barkwell bought automobiles recently. Gloria Kuleba and Miss Rita Hanrieder, Ernie got a '48 Dodge, Art a 1950 Pontiac resigned in June. Gloria plans to teach and Bark settled for a Willys Jeep. Bark at Rivers, Manitoba, Air Force base this figures he can go anywhere, anytime now fall. - sitting down.

Page Nineteen Steamboat Round the Bend

The Alberta on a trip from Prince Albert to T he Pas about 1907.

When the ra ilway came to Manitoba in 1878, steamboating on the Red and Assi niboine Rive rs came to an end, but it was some th irty years later before the steamers ceased to t ra vel the Big Saskatchewan from Edmonton to Grand Rapids on Lake Winnipeg.

J T IS not possible to write comprehen- merce-such as a fine harbor a navigable sively the history of any country with- river, the meeting point of several high- out considering its means of communica- ways of traffic. tion and transportation. That "transpor- Canada was enabled at an early age to tation is the key to population" is true of pour her wealth into the world's markets every part of the world, but especially in because of splendid water communication. North America has the influx of popula- The fur traders of Montreal, the French tion and the development of the country voyageurs, followed the arteries provided followed the lines of communication. It by nature and discovered our inland lakes would be an easy matter to mention cities and rivers- the greatest system of water- that originated and grew to greatness be- ways in the world. So, too, the Hudson's cause of a fortunate position with refer- Bay Company, ascending the Nelson and ence to the currents of travel and com- Churchill Rivers, reached the interior and

Page Twenty threaded the mazes of Rupert's Land. The towards the source of the river down to fur trade was absolutely dependent on the Fort Garry. The Chamber of Commerce river communication of British North offered one thousand dollars to any one America. who would build a steamboat on the Red Red River Settlement, the predecessor River. of the Province of Manitoba, was largely Captain Anson Northrup offered, if th£ dependent on the Red River as the avenue Chamber would give him two thousand by which the outside world might be com- dollars to build the boat in the spring of municated with, by which the additions to 1859. The money was promised. The cap- its population reached their destination, tain owned a steamer in Gull Lake, Min- and by which supplies of all kinds came nesota. She was called the Nm·th Star, and from the home country. For many years was already a historic boat, as the ma- the people of Red River relied on the un- chinery had been in the Governor Ramsey, certain methods of river transportation and the first steamboat that ever plied on the the still more costly freight services fur- Mississippi above the falls of St. Anthony, nished by the creaking Red River carts. at Minneapolis. Two Frontiersmen, Bald- These means of transportation form a ·pic- win Olmstead and Lewis Stone combined turesque and essential part of early Mani- their resources and took the machinery, toba history. furniture and cabin-the boiler alone The first steamer to run on the Red River weighed eleven thousand pounds-upon was the Anson N orth1·up. She was the sleds, employing thirty-four horses, twen- pioneer-the Columbus of the new Red ty-six oxen and thirty men; and started River world-and her history is interest- in the middle of one of the coldest winters ing. In 1858 two Americans, Messrs. Irvine to cross the prairie without road or in- and Blakely of Minnesota, with their habitants for two hundred miles. teams, tents and provisions crossed the They succeeded. It was a great engineer- state to the. Red River to decide whether ing exploit. T. H. Morse, master builder, the river was practicable for steamboats. and J. B. Young, engineer, built the hull, They reported to the St': Paul Chamber o£ installed her machinery and the Anson Commerce that for four or five months o£ Northrup was launched on May 19, 1859. the year it was navigable from well up On June 3rd the pioneer steamship of Red

The largest and most imposing vessel to ply the Saskcttchewan was the SS. M arquis, 208 feet long. The David N . W inton is still in service with The Pas Lumber Company and may be seen there today.

River started on her first trip to Fort Garry. Hudson's Bay Company post at George- Blakely, one of the promoters, immedi- town. Here, Messrs. Burbank built the ately placed a four-horse stage on the large steamer International, a stern-wheel- route from St. Paul, via St. Cloud and Fort er, fiat-bottomed vessel of the Mississippi Abercrombie, to connect with the new type, which long remained the largest of steamer on Red River. On his arrival at the Red River fleet. Indeed, she was rather Red River, Blai(ely found the steamer laid too large for the shallows and rapids and up at Fort Abercrombie, after her return serpentine turnings of the Red. from Fort Garry. In his ab~ence from St. The International began her career in Paul his partner, Mr. J. C. Burbank, had J 862, running down to Fort Garry. Until bought the Anson Northrup from its own- 1864 the Red River trade was carried on ers-and so Blakely and a friend, Captain by the Anson Northrup and the Interna- Bell, journeyed down the river on a visit tional, when the boats were sold to Nor- to Fort Garry, "to make acquaintance," man W. Kittson. as he says, "with the interesting people Kittson was the chief factor in the Red of Fort Garry." River steamboat history of those years. A About the same time as the machinery Canadian by birth, he had come to Fort of the Anson Northrup was being placed Garry and settled in St. Boniface, marry- on the Red River, Captain J. B. Davis and ing into the respected family of Marions. Mr. E. D. Robinson bought the steamer He was a free trader, as the independent Freighter, a Mississippi boat, and started fur traders were called. In the course of up the Minnesota River, intending to pass time he returned to St. Paul, and managed through Big Stone Lake, over the portage the two steamers, which well preserved of Lake Traverse, and so on down the Red the monopoly of the company. When it River, which flows from that lake. An ac- served the purpose of the Company, the cident, however, occurred to the vessel on Anson Northrup was laid aside and the Big Stone Lake, during the winter of International for some time continued to 1860-1. In consequence of this she was de- run down the Red River several trips a serted, and her works were dragged along year, but to carry only Hudson s Bay Com- the banks of the Red River down to the pany freight. It will thus be seen that the

Page Twenty-two settlers and importers of Red River were construction. As the new steamer was said still compelled to use the Red River cart to be a protest against the International for more than ten years after the appear- of the old monopoly, she landed her freight ance of the Anson Northrup, which had not opposite Fort Garry but at the foot of promised deliverance when she made her the present Lombard Street where Ban- debut. The Kittson line thus became the natyne and Begg had erected a warehouse representative of a transport monopoly. to receive her goods. It was a trust or combine of the early Red Notwithstanding their success the own- River days. Kittson was the commodore. ers of the Selkirk determined to secure all Finally a new factor in steamboating, the river traffic to themselves. Finding out and also transportation by land, appeared that the International was a British bot- in the person of James J. Hill. "Jim" Hill, tom, belonging to the Hudson's Bay Com- as he had been familiarly called for more pany, they invoked the United States gov- than thirty years, was a Canadian who ernment and had her stopped. This was came to the west without friends or means. regarded as a piece of sharp practice since He has been often called an empire-builder the International had been running without because of what he did to develop ; the objection for nine years. This action lost North-West. His great projects and schemes the Selkirk and its owners all sympathy of finance made his reputation world-wide. on the part of the people, who turned back In the year 1871 he took a hand in Red to give their patronage to the Hudson's River transportation, and built a new Bay Company. The matter of papers was steamboat on the Red River. adjusted by Mr. Kittson, who was now an The name of the new steamer of Hill, American citizen assuming the ownership Griggs and Co., was the Selkirk. She was of the International. smaller than the International, and more While the Selkirk reaped a rich harvest suited to the draught of the river and the from her first trip, yet her trade fell off frequent qpids. A writer of the time, completely. Hill, Griggs and Co. were com- speaking of her first trip to Winnipeg on pelled to sell out to Kittson, and the old April 29 , 1871, says, "She was loaded to monopoly came back again under Com- her hurricane deck with freight and a few modore Kittson, with the Selkirk, the In- passengers." Even the rates of the Selkirk ternational and the Dakota. were extortionate. It is said that her first For years the Selkirk kept her place of cargo almost paid the whole cost of her following down the ice as it went out of

The SS. Nipawin was u sed to hau! Mandy ore dur ing W or!d War I . )

We have been unabLe to identifY the group of ex- cursionists w ho se t out from P rince ALbert about 1911 on the George V. The boiLers and engines in this boat were from an earLier Saskatch ewan River st eamboat.

Red River-was always "the first boat." company, which was a loser by the fiat- During the winter time everything in the boatmen, and consequently they were kept shops of Winnipeg had been eaten if eat- in check too. able-or purchased if of any use. The shops The weight of the Kittson carrying trade were as lean in spring as bruin coming monopoly did not become any more pleas- out of his lair. A writer of the time says ant to bear. A number of Winnipeg mer- that the invariable reply of the shopkeeper chants formed a company and subscribed to a would-be purchaser's want was: "We stock to originate a rival company. To are out of the article just now, but call accomplish their purpose they were com- around in a few weeks, ifwill be here by pelled to form a company of American the first boat.' citizens in order that the bonding laws of A competitor of the steamboat soon ar- the United States might be conformed to rived in the shape of the fiat-boat. "At this James Douglas, a Canadian who had be- time," to quote a description of the period, come an American citizen, was manager "the banks of the river, opposite the city, of the company, living between Moorhead usually presented a lively appearance dur- and Winnipeg. Two beautiful steamers- ing the summer months, on account of the their hulls having been brought from Cin- numerous fiat-boatmen who carried on a cinnati-were built in Moorhead, the ma- trade with the housekeepers and others chinery being made in Minneapolis. The of the town. Indeed, the river had a very capital was $50,000.00 and was chiefly sub- celestial appearance from the fact of the scribed in Winnipeg. The vessels were number of floating stores, which Chinese- named the Manitoba and the Minnesota. like, did business at the levee, and to such The steamer Manitoba reached Winnipeg an extent was this system carried out that May 21, 1875, with one hundred and two the merchants complained seriously." The cabin passengers, one hundred and sixty- merchants regarded with jealousy the wan- seven passengers, and three hundred and dering traders. To the community it ap- sixty-five tons of freight. A reception was peared otherwise. Undoubtedly the com- held aboard the vessel during the evening petition kept the traders and merchants in and the ladies of Winnipeg presented the check. The opinions of the merchants re- captain with a set of colours amid great acted to some extent on the steamboat popular enthusiasm. The vessel then gave

Page Twenty-four her visitors a moonlight excursion. The find Captain Webber of the Marquette had twin ship, the Minnesota, arrived at Win- reached as far west as Fort Ellice. Later, nipeg on May 23rd. on the Assiniboine at a t ime when little It was now hoped that the monopoly was known of the country beyond Fort was broken and commerce would be free. Ellice, the American steamboat Manitoba Unfortunately, three weeks later a col- decided to make the trip to Fort Felly. lision occurred between the Manitoba and This was in 1881. The voyage was a com- the International. The Manitoba was dis- plete success, only one sandbar having abled and the new transportation company caused any difficulty. In fact, records in- had only one boat. Many of the public dicate that only one steamer ever came to were convinced that the International had grief on the Assiniboine, the Alpha, which run into the other vessel intentionally. The was caught in the ice at Brandon in the new line was really beset within and with- fall of 1882 and there went to pieces. out by enemies. It had now fallen into Although the Assiniboine is a fast, shal- fi nancial difficulties. low river, the steamboats were no cockle- The enterprise, of such great promise, shells. The Lily weighed 100 tons. The ended in the company selling out to the Manitoba was 175 tons and carried 300 Kittson line. Alexander Begg, speaking of passengers. The No1·thcote, of Saskatche- the matter, says: "A number of the smaller wan River fame, carried 400 passengers, shareholders in the city lost all or nearly while the Northwest weighed 220 tons. all they had, while some of the larger The Marquette, 170 tons burthen, car- stockholders afterwards received stock in ried a crew of fifteen with accommodation the Kittson line, thus virtually taking a for fifty passengers. The round trip from hand in the monopoly which they had pre- Winnipeg to Fort Ellice took from twelve viously been crying down for such a length to fourteen days. This, and the Alpha were of time." flatbottomed sternwheelers drawing from As the raifways moved north into Mani- 18 to 26 inches of water. The Alpha's usual toba in 1878, there was a., tendency for the run was from Winnipeg to the confluence steamboat companies to seek passenger, of the Qu'Appelle and Assiniboine Rivers. and freight in the upper Assiniboine and It is interesting to note that in these early North Saskatchewan Rivers. In 1879 we days freight, especially lumber, was often

The oLd Nor thwest was one of the 200-ft. boats. Tn the 1903 floods of Edmonton she w as w ashed from Iter moorings and wreck.ed. The boiler s of the SS. N ort hcote rest t oday on shore at Cum berLand H ou se. carried from Lake Manitoba via the White cable and drum cease to rattle as they slid Mud River to Westbourne and then by the into deep water. It is of interest to note Assiniboine to Portage la Prairie or Bran- that the trip of the Marquette to Fort Felly, don. almost its source, was an adventure into These sternwheelers were at least 200 almost unknown territory and the log for feet long and 30 to 4-G feet wide; drawing July 1881 mentions the daily stops for cord- two to thrEie feet of water; they were so wood for fuel, the quantity being anything built that they could float over sandbars from four to six cords per day. with the aid of poles and donkey engines. While it is true that the railways The fuel was cordwood picked up from the sounded the death-knell of steamboat traf- many stopping places en route. Passengers fic in northern lakes and rivers, it would comprised that conglomeration of nation- be well to remember that the steamboat alities which has made the North Ameri- also brought to an end the days of the can continent what it is today, and poker York Boats and the Red River carts, two was the chief amusement during the day. modes of early transportation which, with The upper deck was given to more genteel the canoes may be said to have been re- passengers. It held cabins and dining rooms sponsible for the early development of the peopled with fur traders, prospectors and northwest, by the fur traders and pioneers. pioneer businessmen whose names may As far back as 1872 the Commissioner, yet be seen in the older establisments t o- a sternwheeler 100 feet in length, was ply- day. The voyage from Winnipeg to Bran- ing the waters of the Saskatchewan in the don took at least three days, travelling neighborhood of Grand Rapids barely three day and night. The tedium of daytime miles from Lake Winnipeg. This was a travel was lightened when passengers Hudson's Bay Company boat supplanting could alight at certain points and walk the York Boat in furnishing supplies to overland to the next stop whilst the steam- their trading posts in the northwest. An- er navigated some of the long narrow loops other one was the Lilly, of about the same of the Assiniboine. In the night could be size as the Commissione1· and operated out heard the voices of the "leadman ' and the of Edmonton. During May with the Sas- "lookout" as t hey repeated hour after hour katchewan in flood water, it was not un- "three feet"; "six feet"; "no bottom" and common for a boat to make the journey

Page T wenty-six from Edmonton to Grand Rapids in as lit- ordination between General Middleton and tle as five days, which with a fair trip the Captain in charge of the Northcote down Lake Winnipeg by connecting steam- Middleton's plans went awry and on a er, would enable passengers to reach Win- mistaken signal the No1·thcote, colours fly- nipeg in seven days. The Lilly was a sturdy ing, her sides armoured with cordwood, vessel, lined with oak, but that did not went into action ahead of time. On steam- prevent her from coming to grief below ing round the bend at Batoche under con- Medicine Hat in 1883 when she foundered centrated enemy fire from both banks, the after but six years of service. ferry cable across the river was completely The building of the S.S. No1·thcote by forgotten. Along she steamed the cable the Hudson's Bay Company in 1873 evi- taking down both smoke stacks and almost denced the need of larger ships to handle suffocating the crew, with the steamer out the growing traffic. She was about 160 feet of control and coming to rest on shore, dis- in length and perhaps the most preten- abled a mile or so down the river. tious river steamer of her time. Her days Probably the largest and most imposing also were short-lived, she was beached at vessel ever to ply the Saskatchewan was Cumberland House in 1886 and parts of the S .S . Mm·quis. She was queen of t hem her engine and her boilers are still on all. The hull was 208 feet long. This vessel shore at that point. The part which the was brought north from Winnipeg and Northcote played in the famous Battle of served until the fall of 1886. Many are the Batoche during the Riel Rebellion of 1885 tales of the splendor of this luxury steam- is worth the telling for while it has been boat. In Prince Albert today there is an referred to humorously as the first and exact replica of the Ma1·q uis as she actu- only naval engagement on the Big Saskat- ally appeared in the height of her glory. chewan, the fact remains that that is ex- Of all the Saskatchewan river boats, the actly what it was. General Middleton's Marquis seems to be the one best remem- forces on the south bank were opposed by bered in the hearts of the old-timers, and Indian andHalfbreed forces on both banks. it is unfortunate that no attempt was ever Although there was sqme attempt at co- made to preserve her, for she lay for years

T he City of Prince A l bert was a 120-ft. t owboat wit h a crew of twelve. T om Creighton and W i llard G oodfellow helped build this boat w hich w as dismantled in The P as in 1930. T his picture taken near P rince Albert slwws t h e A l berta "wooding up." beached on the south shore near the city railway came. Of note here is the S .S. of Prince Albert. All that is now left is a Minasin which carried ore from Mandy piece of drive shaft salvaged by the de- to The Pas during the first great war. Far- scendants of pioneers, and a long depres- ther along the Saskatchewan River lies sion where she lay for so long at the mercy the Sam Brisbin, a 47 foot tug which sailed of any who would despoil her. River serv- under her own steam from Collingwood, ice was hard on steamboats and it was a Ontario right to The Pas except for a sturdy ship that could survive for an railway "portage" from Fort William to time the floodwaters, rapids, shoals and Winnipeg. winter storms of the north. The old North- The cry of "Steamboat 'round the bend" w est, one of the 200 foot boats, was washed no longer echoes along the shores of the away and wrecked by the high water of Red Assiniboine or the Saskatchewan. The 1903 at Edmonton. The Manitoba was rise and decline of steamboat traffic coin- brought out from Winipeg in 1880. In 1884 cided with the beginning and the end of she sank in the mouth of the Shell River the early pioneering stage in the north- near Prince Albert where her ribs lie .be- west. A colorful era has passed into history. neath the waters. The Assiniboine was Sou rces and ackn ow!ed gmc11ts : stranded on a sandbar in Cedar Lake in Miss Emma G oodfe!!ow, P >·ince A l bert, who owns th e sma!! mod e! of t h e M ctrquis; W. L. D avis, Prince 1905. The City of Saskatoon piled up A !bert ; T he Assiniboine B asin, by M artin K avenaglt; against a pier of a Saskatoon bridge in H istory of M anitoba by P rof. Geo. B ryce. 1908. RUNNING THE GRAND RAPIDS The part played by steamboats in the JT IS fairly certain that only one steam- second Riel Rebellion is recorded in the boat ever ran Grand Rapids, the wild story of the Ba1·oness which was 130 feet waters of which are the greatest obstacle long, and carried troops in the spring of to navigation between Lake Winnipeg and 1885 from Medicine Hat to Prince Albert the Big Saskatchewan River. The descent and Fort Pitt. was made in June 1908 by the Alberta The City of Prince fl lbe1·t a 120 foot when spring flood waters might help to towboat carrying a crew of twelve was avoid foundering. dismantled at The Pas in 1930, well within Leaving Prince Albert on June 1, 1908 the memory of Flin Flon old-timers. Tom it took 18 days to make the trip to Win- Creighton, along with Willard Goodfellow, nipeg. Here is an account, written at the worked side by side as boys, building some time by J. G. Evans, and sent us by Miss of these old river boats at Prince Albert Emma Godfellow of Prince Albert: and The Pas. The Prince Albert lay high "After the run we reached the bank. She and dry on the shore of the Pasquia River - the Alberta, sank rapidly to the bottom for years. Just below may still be seen and two days of nasty weather followed. the skeleton of the S.S. Saskatchewan, an- No attempt was made to raise her until other old-timer that plied between Prince 4 p.m. on the following Monday. By this Albert and The Pas in the days before the time a bulkhead had been built around the

Tlte S.S. T onapah on Schist L ake with ore barge loaded with ore j?·om Mand y M ine about 1915. The ALberta is said to have been the onLy steamboat to run the Grand Rapids. A Long with the Baroness and the M innow site wets u sed to carry t1·oops for GeneraL M iddLeton's Army in the ReiL RebeLLion of 1885. largest break. and filled with blankets, clay tation of the coast until we came to Danc- and sods. The work of emptying the ves- ing Point. Then we took a course, exceed- sel's hold was begun in ;earnest! By dint ingly venturesome for a shallow draft<• l of pumping and bailing steadily for six river boat, of 16 miles across the lake to hours, she was re-floated. Repairs occupied Reindeer Island. two days. Thursday we were to start across Taking the lee of the west coast of Rein- Lake Winnipeg but bad weather again in- deer, we took a course hard by Outer tervened; we were compelled to wait until Sturgeon, across the islands and Swampy Monday morning, June 15, before we could Lighthouse, then to Commissioners Island, venture out. where we laid for the night. In the interval Henry McKay took me More rough weather with violent winds across the rapids to visit the pelicans. (here the record is worn) ... Captain P erched on a high bank overlooking a wished to cross Humbug Bay next after- small bay, I peered out and saw a flock of noon. We passed over with considerable these large and wary birds. I took several trepidancy-then to Grindstone Point and snapshots of them and then asked Mr. on to Gull Harbour where we tied to the McKay and Mr. McGillvray to shoot. This wharf. they did, killing six pelicans with two Thursday morning continued our jour- shots. ney following the shore line of the lake Before clearing Grand Rapids, George to Balsam Bay, then took a course for the Simpson was engaged to pilot us down channel at the mouth of the (Red) River. Lake Winnipeg. We left on Monday, June It was very foggy and all landmarks were 15th, and hugged the shore all around Boats like the K eenora presently navigating Lake Long Point, following every land inden- Winnipeg to Norway House are of relatively deep draft Page Twenty-nine obliterated, but he brought the vessel right There is not much enthusiasm shown for to the mark (paper torn here) . A few golf among the office staff this year. The minutes later we were in the Red River, fellows have not played their usual weekly and it was with a feeling of relief that the games as in other years. The public courses eventful periods of the journey were ended. are quite crowded and that takes away a A courteous salute greeted us at the lot of the enjoyment of the game. Margaret mouth of the Red River from the fleet of Fraser and Betty Smith have been playing Government tugs and dredges. On Friday, about once a week at the Windsor courts. June 19th, we arrived at Winnipeg early in the afternoon.<') Whistled salutes and congratulations from locomotives, dredges and factories apprised us that we were "at MILL AND CRUSHER home" and that the instructions to come (Continued from page 14) through had been fulfilled. Congratulations to Mr. and Mrs. Jim To capitulate, the Alberta made an Wells on the birth of a son and to Mr. and extremely haz•ardous trip by river and Mrs. Vern White on the birth of a daughter. lakes, of nearly one thousand miles: in Weddings forthcoming bring together length. In coming down the river Sas- Lyle Whitbread and Donalda Campbell katchewan she passed through 48 rapids on July 18, and Del Byers and Beatrice safely, and the 49th a most fearful force Bowes on August 18. of nature, inflicted the damage. A fish derby was held by the Mill Re- The trip of the Alberta was largely an creation Club during a two-week period in experiment; the undertaking was coura- July. Prizes of twenty-five dollars each to geous and attended with grave risk. The persons catching the largest trout, pickerel securing of skilful pilots and engineers and jackfish respectively, were offered. had much to do with the successful out- Winners were not known at press time. come of the venture. It is a certainty that whoever m~y be gratified over the suc- cessful issues of the vent~re of the Alberta there were none more so than those who SMELTER shared the perils-the members of her (Continued from page 18) crew." Geo. Goodjohn, a former employee on From an old document in possession of Miss Emma Goodjel.low, Prince Albert. the repair crew paid a visit to the Smelter and renewed acquaintances. This was his (2) The citizens of Prince Albert. anxiously awaiting word of the progress of the Alberta, received only one first trip back since he left for Toronto in message, a oriet report on June 2nd that she had reached T h e Pas safely . No more was h eard untll h er 1943. While in Flin Flon he was royally arrival in Winnipeg. entertained by his old cronies. Jim McDonald has left us to join the R.C.A.F. Jim also served in the army dur- WINNIPEG OFFICE ing World War II. Good luck and best (Continued from page 13) wishes Jim. fish caught all weekend. Yours truly Bill K vern has purchased a car and is landed a small pike weighing about two busy fishing these days. However, the pounds, on Saturday, and Bill Tindall results are not too good as far as the fish- caught a whopper on Sunday, same species ing is concerned. and weighing about 2 pounds 1 ounce. Mike Magnusson has just returned from Therefore, we are pn"'~ud to announce that points in Saskatchewan and reports that by the failure of the accounting staff to he visited with Adam Halliday. We were catch anything but weeds, the purchasing pleased to hear that the Hallidays are en- department wins back the trophy cup. joying the best of everything.

Page Thirty PAST AND PRESENrf TRANSPORTATION METHODS IN WESTERN CANADA By ANcus McKAY

Few men could be better qualified to tell the story of early transpor- tation in the northwest than Angus McKay, who died recently at Prince Albert. With his passing, one of the last links with the early history of Manitoba and Saskatchewan is severed. We owe much to these old-timers who have recorded their experiences and left us a heritage of truth from which the real history of the north may be written.

TRANSPORTATION the world over in For water travel, by lake, stream and its primitive stages was evolved and river, the birch bark canoe and the dug- conducted as the exigencies and needs of out canoe, hollowed out from a large tree, man required, and in Canada our native were the primitive craft of our Indian tribes of Indians were w,~:mt to carry their tribes. Then with the coming of the early packs on their backs untii the dog or horse French traders from Montreal and the was made to do this service. Later the dog Hudson's Bay Company, into the interior, and horse were employed and harnessed much larger canoes of birch bark were to a travois, or sled, in overland journeys. constructed for freighting and exploring The construction of the travois consisted purposes, having a capacity of from two of two crossed poles resting on the back to two and one-half tons. With these frail of the animal usually upon the folded tent craft the Hudson's Bay Company and or a pillow to protect its back, with the North West Company reached the Arctic ends of the poles trailing upon the ground. and Pacific shores. Then, just in the rear of the animal's tail. Sir George Simpson, who became gov- at a safe distance from its heels, was a ernor of the Hudson's Bay Company in compartment constructed between the 1821 was the first to introduce the inland, poles, of either rawhide or leather, and or York boat, which replaced the canoe for securely attached. This was to carry the freighting purposes. The York boats were miscellaneous burden of camp equipment built with a capacity of from three to four and the papoose or smaller members o£ tons and were manned by nine to ten men; the family. The only harness needed was a steersman a bowsman and eight oars- a soft shaganappi line tied to the lower men. The craft were fully equipped with lip of the horse and led by the squaw or sails for favorable winds and boat-lines girl; while the lordly Indian with his and track lines for ascending rapids and weapons of the chase led the way to the strong currents. Four to six York boats next camping ground. composed a brigade. Until recent times

Page T ll i rty-one they were used for most of the transport left Fort Garry for York Factory and a work from York Factory to Norway House week later a second brigade would start. and Fort Garry and from thence into all This arrangement enabled the brigades to parts of the interior. For instance, the keep clear of each other on the portages Portage Brigade, leaving Fort Garry, went and thus avoid delays and mixing of car- via Lake Winnipeg up the Saskatchewan goes. The Saskatchewan brigade, which and northward, via Cumberland House and made an annual trip to York Factory and lle a la Crosse to Methy Portage or Portage return, was known as the "Brairoos," after La Loche. There the waters part, on one the badger of our prairies. side going to Hudson's Bay and on the As the demand for supplies increased, other to the Arctic Ocean. At this point more overland transportation became nec-- the Peace River and MacKenzie River essary. One writer says that if the Ojibway Brigades met the brigade from the South Indians found the birch bark canoe and and returned with the latter's cargoes to snowshoe so befittingly useful that they the West and North, including the Yukon assigned their origin to the "Manitou" or and Peels River territories. Fur from the Great Spirit, then certainly it was a happy far northern posts was loaded onto the thought when the famous "Red River Cart" southern Portage Brigade to return to Nor: was evolved. It was made entirely of wood, way House and York Factory for shipment either of oak or elm, without any iron to London by the Hudson's Bay Company'.s whatever. The tools necessary to construct ship. it were the axe, saw, chisel, auger and These journeys and the hardships en- draw-knife. The wheels were five feet in tailed are a tribute to the forbearance and diameter and rims, three to four inches endurance of man. One trip to the Methy thick. The felloes were fastened together Portage and return occupied four months. by tongues of wood (or dolly-pins). The This York boat crew of nine men could wheel hubs and spokes were very strong, load or unload a cargo of four tons in the and pressure in revolving helped to keep space of five t~ ten minutes. The portage them from falling apart. The shafts and was twelve miles long. ~ch boat crew body of the cart were of one piece, upon had to deliver its cargo at the other side which the frame was built and pinned to of the portage. The allotment to each man the axle by wooden pegs. The price of the was one-eighth of a cargo and he carried cart when completed was two pounds 190 pounds on each trip. The method of ($10.00). The harness was of rough tanned carrying was with a portage strap across oxhide, with collar, saddle and breeching, the forehead, with the first package secure- and could be purchased from five to seven ly fastened with the strap ends so as to and one-half dollars. For repairs to the cart rest on his back, and upon this, others were when broken or damaged, shagganappi was placed to the quantity he could carry, the the sole and only means. packages resting on his back. The steers- As early as 1820 the number of Red River man, whose duty this was, placed other carts used in a buffalo hunting expedition packages upon the first, the former to be by the early Red River settlers would be held in place with one hand-and the boat- over 500. On June 15, 1840, in fact, 1,210 man darted away at a half-run for the carts were assembled for the buffalo hunt. twelve mile trip. If a man was unable to There were 1,630 men, women and chil- do his part from sickness or other cause, dren in this hunting party; 403 buffalo run- he simply had to call upon his friends or ning horses, 655 cart horses, 586 draft oxen. fellow boatmen to perform the duty for The camp occupied as much ground as a him for a consideration. modern city. When halting for the night Early in June when Lake Winnipeg was all the carts were placed hub to hub in a free of ice, a brigade of four to six boats ring, with the shafts outward, and within

Page Thirty-two this circle were pitched the tents, in case then covered with rawhide or leather, and of a surprise attack by Indians on the the seams cemented with grease. warpath. Before leaving the early methods of About the year 1830 the Red River cart transportation for those more modern, I was largely used for overland freighting. must not omit to make a few remarks re- For instance, every year 300 carts, with garding our winter traffic. With dog train 60 to 100 men, left Fort Garry for St. Paul, and snowshoes traders kept continually in Minnesota, a distance of more than 500 touch with the Indian hunters throughout miles. the winter. The winter packet by dog train Another notable route for overland cart was another feature of early transport. On freighting was from Fort Garry to Carlton December 10 of each year the winter House via Fort Ellice, a distance of 500 packet left Fort Garry for Norway House miles. This route was shortly afterward and from that point one packet was sent extended to Edmonton, one thousand miles to York Factory and another up the Sas- from Fort Garry. It took the entire summer katchewan River to the northern and west- season to make this one trip. The ho~se ern posts, with a rendezvous at Fort Carl- load was from 800 to 1,000 pounds and an ton. Here three packets met, from Fort ox load from 1,200 to 1,500 pounds. Freight- Garry, Edmonton, and Athabasca. The Fort ers were paid at the rate of $5.00 per 100 Garry packet returning via Swan River pounds to Carlton and $10.00 per 100 District, arrived home in February and pounds to Edmonton. As ferries and bridges continued on to Norway House with the were unknown in the early days, the spring packet. The men and dogs selected streams and rivers when too high to ford, for this arduous winter trip were noted were overcome by remodelling the Red for great endurance, tested by averaging River cart into a boat. The two or four 40 to 50 miles daily in trackless region wheels of the cart were placed side by and camping without shelter. side and braced tightly together with poles The Winnipeg and Western Transporta-

On th.e Pasquia River near Tl•e P as lies tl•e skeleton of th.e Saskatchewan th.at plied between Prince Albert and Th.e P as in th.e days before th.e railway came. tion Company of Winnipeg came into ex- Swift Current, at that time the head of istence in 1874 and 1875. The steamers the C.P.R. construction line, from where Northcote, Northwest, Manitoba, Marquis, it went overland to Battleford and more Lily and Commissioner were all built and westerly points by Red River Cart. put together at the head of the Grand Upon hearing of the Lily's disaster, I Rapids, on the Saskatchewan. These steam- was sent out by Chief Factor Lawrence ers plied for a number of years from Grand Clarke from Carlton House to find freight- Rapids to Edmonton throughout the sum- ers to go after the cargo. In a very short mer season. As they could not ascend the time by going from house to house in the Grand Rapids, a tramway, three miles in French settlement at Batoche, I engaged length, was built around the rapids, this 200 carts to go across the country to Swift serving to transfer freight to and from the Current, where I arranged to meet and lake steamers Colville and Wolverine, load them for Battleford and from thence which plied across Lake Winipeg from to their various destinations. Selkirk to Grand Rapids. This was again an occasion in its won- Most of the steamers plying on the river derful history when the "Red River Cart" were flat-bottomed, with stern wheels and was called upon to come to the relief and ranged in capacity from 100 to 200 tons. aid of both the Iron Horse and Steamer They were equipped with comfortable in the transport and forwarding of freight. staterooms and cabins on the upper deck. This was about its last public service, after The Marquis, the remains of which are which it relapsed into comparative ob- fast disappearing from their last resting livion, its work being absorbed by Rail place in the east end of the city,' was the and Steamer and is now to be found only finest and largest of the river boats. It was in the nursery cradles of historical institu- built to carry 200 tons of freight and was tions and museums. fitted in the most uptodate manner to Another steamer, "The Commissioner," carry passen~ers. The Manitoba, while in winter dock at the mouth of the Shell built at Grand Rapids, was wrecked on River, above the city of P-rince Albert, was her trial trip in the Rapids, and never wrecked when the spring freshet rushed reached the upper parts of the river. The down while the ship was still frozen in captains for these steamers were brought her dockage. The steamer Lily, a screw- from the city of St. Louis on the Missis- propellor and of lesser tonnage than the sippi, as similar boats were in use there, rest, was built in England and sent out in built with as little draft as possible owing compartments, with two English engineers to the shallow nature of the river. The Littlebury and Johnson, who put her to- names of the captains were: Jerry Webber, gether at the head of Grand Rapids. Her James Sheets, Amos Dougal and Commo- hull was covered with a malleable iron dore Davis, all from St. Louis, and what sheeting and, with inner compartments of we thought typical Yankees, speaking with the same material, she was considered im- a nasal twang. They smoked cigars and pregnable from either snag or rock. She chewed tobacco, of which strong evidence was not, however, infallible, for in 1883 was to be seen on their once spotless white she ascended the South Branch of the Sas- shirts. In addition to these virtues they all katchewan to Medicine Hat, where she swore a blue streak of profanity when was loaded with bacon and other supplies under stress in the urgent demands of duty. for the Indian Departments, Fort Pitt and With the advent of the steel to Prince Edmonton. Returning from Medicine Hat Albert in about 1891, the steamers ceased she jammed into a rock and sank. Arrange- running, making way for the iron horse ments were made to have her cargo taken to take up its labors and press onward back to Medicine Hat and re-shipped to toward the setting sun. And now, today, (Continued on page 39) 1 Prince Albert. Page Thirty-four RESEARCH DEPT. KEN COYNE

FROM the vital statistics department we can report the arrival of Glenn Allan to Mr. and Mrs. Al Herriot, and Matthew Lister to Mr. and Mrs. Steve Merrick. We had additions to the staff in the per- sons of Al Olson and Len Creighton, both coming to us from the Chemistry Dept. of games it seems the local stores had run the University of Saskatchewan. Len is a out of rubbing alcohol and liniment. It is "ham" radio operator in his spare time hoped that everyone will have recuperated while Al is an avid science fiction fan. The sufficiently to carry on next season. Olsons and Creightons have taken up resi- The holiday season has come and gone dence in East Birchview alongside Br~ce again with the usual short and tall tales Stewart. of things seen and done. The Ellermans This increase was partly offset by the and Brownridges, out for scenery, toured loss of Guy Bridgstock who has taken a the west to Victoria. With the Canadian position with Canadian Copper Refineries dollar at an all time high, the Sam Don- in Montreal. Guy, who has been with us oghues took advantage of this and travelled for two years, added a bright note to all through the northwestern States while gatherings with his "accent' and his talks Joyce Guymer was off to take in the high- about life in England and Egypt. A Glad- lights of New York. The "Bernie' Gordons stone bag was presented to him along with visited relatives in Winnipeg while Gordon the best wishes of the "gang" for success Dash was out on the lakes looking for that in his new v~nture. "big" one. The Griffiths spent their vaca- We had four students '¥.ith us this sum- tion at their recently acquired summer mer. Bill Sanders (U. of M.) in the Spec. home at Beaver Lake. Lab; Harris Petroski · (U.B.C.), and Ulric After colliding with, walking around, Annett (U. of M.) in the Mill Lab while over and under carpenters, electricians, Marvin Bednas (U. of M.) assisted the painters, plasterers and plumbers, we have Smelter group. finally moved into our spacious lab addi- The annual picnic was held in June at tion. We hope to have some pictures of the Carr camp at Baker's Narrows. Swim- our up-to-date offices, library and lab ming, boating and water skiing increased rooms for the next issue; these will be appetites before refreshments were served. more descriptive than pages of words. A fishing contest was the main feature of the evening with Keith McMillan and Gor- don Dash bringing in the "big" ones. After A young matron stalled her car at a a liberal application of "612," "shoo-fly" traffic light. She stamped on the starter, and lesser mosquito delights everyone tried again and choked the engine. Behind joined in a sing-song around the camp fire her an impatient driver honked his horn with Cece Nicolson assisting on the ac- continuously. Finally she got out and cordion. The finale of the event was a walked back to his car. short-lived square dance led by Keith "I'm awfully sorry, but I don't seem "Hoedown" McMillan after which the tired to be able to start my car," she told the but happy group started for home. driver pleasantly. "If you ll go up there A softball league was organized for the and start it for me, I'll stay here and lean summer months. After the first couple of on your horn."

Page Thirty-five Mechanical & Construction C. R. DELGATTY

THIS has been a busy summer in the Mechanical and Construction Depart- ments. In Mechanical, besides the regular maintenance work, preparations are being made for the installation of a larger main drum shaft in the South Main Hoist Room. At the time of going to press this shaft is being machined in Milwaukee. Additions have been made this year to the Main Office, the Surface Changehouse, and the Zinc Roaster. Major rebuilding and repairs are in progress on the Cliff Lake H arry G oldsmith and Water Line. Ruth. Notice t h e look of triumph on the latter. Bill Nicholson long a familiar face in the shop passed on after a protracted ill- ness. Bill was an ardent camera enthusi- ast and his many friends miss him on the fitting floor. George Garner and Dick Berry have been ill, but we hope to see them around soon. Jens Ravenberg, who held forth as car- Curly Goldsmith, penter and handyman in the twenty foot proud skipper of the section has left for Regina to rejoin his family yacht. old employer. Good luck to you Jens. Mel (Bunker) Hill, here since 1936 has left for Edmonton. Bunker took an important part of the steel work in the Fuming Plant, and his many friends in the Boiler Shop wish him the best. Mechanical equipment in use c leaning commutators on M.G. 7. Ed Alderson, Assistant Construction Su- perintendent, has retired. He is making his home in Summerland, B.C., in the land of Ogopogo. Ed came here during construc- tion in 1929, and has had a hand in all plant extensions since that time. We'll be seeing you Ed! "75 " MINE ENGINEERS

NOW that the holiday season has rolled around, our members are just "await- ing the day." A L H ard er, mine engineer . Some of the fellows are already out on holidays; Del Dingle and family are out to Sourdough Bay, where Del has built his summer home. Al O'Hara packed his wife and bag and set out for Chicago for a few weeks. Our mem hers from the Reserve Army group, Mel Starrier Mike Kostyk and Art Fenwick, are back to work. Mel and Mike are working on their commissions and Art is already a Junior Officer. The fellows who have not had holidays seem to be keeping themselves busy. Al Harder has moved into his new house just A L's beau tifuL home nears compLetion. down the st:r;eet from Al O'Hara; Murray Smith is hammering his fingers out of shape. Looks as though :t\1rurray is getting married in September. The Golf Course is keeping its share of members busy. Fred Burr won a position in the elimination play-offs to set the pace for Flin Flon in the Inter-Club play downs. There are four Golf Clubs represented, Flin Flon, The Pas, Island Falls and Sher- ridon. There are quite a few others who keep Spalding and Dunlop in business. B o b Cairns, geoLogist. However, men like John Perry, Bob Sad- ler, Hal McKenzie and yours truly are J oe W arick - D on Creed tn rea >". out there tramping in the rough. We are sorry to lose a couple of fellows from our Department. Bill Dix left a lit- tle earlier for territory further north and now Des Russell and John Darimont have decided to follow suit. We wish them the best of luck!

P age Thi rty-seven I SHOT A WHOOPING CRANE

By JOHN P. GILLESE

AS A boy of fifteen in the Paddle River pened to be staying with us remarked: area of northern Alberta, I shot a "That there's a whooping crane son. When whooping crane with a .22. It was a good I first came to this country, I'd seen thou- many years after that that I was to realize sands of those birds going south to the and understand what a terrible mistake I States in the fall. Now they tell me they're had made. getting mighty scarce. I'd mount it if I With my brother, I was duck hunting were you." along the river, when suddenly we were We couldn't find anyone who did any aware of an enormous bird flying high and mounting, so the crane was thrown away. slowly over the spruce trees lining the banks. As it flew, it uttered occasional Today, 15 years later, as I read of the trumpeting noises, a great, harsh whoop- efforts of naturalists and conservationists ing sound that could be heard for miles. to find the nest of the whooping crane, I In its ponderous flight, its long neck and understand in full what harm I did by legs were stretched out to the full, fore shooting the crane so long ago. Only thirty and aft. of the great birds are left alive, and it is feared that they may become as extinct Gripped with strange excitement at sight as the dodo unless help is given them soon. of this extraordinary bird, I aimed the The Audubon Society of New York, the sights of the little .22 on the big figure, Fish and Wild Life Service of Washington, and hardly expecting to hit a bird in flight, and the Government of Saskatchewan are squeezed the trigger. The whooping crane leading a drive to discover the nest of the -for that's what it was-seemed to fall whooping crane and help it make a come- down backwards in a heap into the river. back. Already four years and at least $75,- When we reached the extraordinary bird, 000.00 have been spent in this task. Flights it was dead. traced from wintering grounds in Texas Extraordinary? Never have I seen any- of the few remaining birds have been thing to resemble that crane since then. to Estevan, Saskatchewan, and east of It stood higher than a grown man, with Edmonton, Alberta. Planes have been used a wing spread over ten feet. With its bare, in the search. But so far all efforts have bright red head, yellow beak and white been practically fruitless. plumage, it was strangely beautiful. Con- sidering its size, it was a very skinny bird. Some naturalists believe that the whoop- Its wing tips were grayish black, its stern ing crane's nesting place is in the Arctic white as a Pekin duck's. tundra, but others think it may be any- where around the lakes and streams of the WE THREW IT AWAY northern prairies. Wherever it is, you will find the crane's giant two-foot stride with If you can imagine the pity of it, we tracks from five to seven inches across, held a consultation as to what good the leaving the water's edge, for the slightly bird was and what should be done with it. higher nesting ground. Our parents regretted that we had shot the great bird just because of a thought- CAN You FIND A NEsT? less urge to kill, but since it did not look like a game bird we threw it away. One If you should be a northern bush pilot, old-timer in the neighbourhood who hap- trapper prospector, arctic missionary, or P age Thi rty-eight just a keen-eyed farmer's son down by the When I was a boy I travelled twice by lake for a day's fishing, you might be the Red River cart and once on horse back one to find a nest of the whooping crane. to St. John's College in Winnipeg, and from If you do, you will bring fame to yourself Carlton House on the Saskatchewan I and render an extra contribution to the again travelled to college in Winnipeg on colour and romance of Canada. The Sas- horseback five hundred miles. My son went katchewan Government will post a man to college by rail. His son will in all prob- at the nesting place of the crane to pro- ability travel by air in search of his edu- tect it, and movies will be taken of it. cation; while my great grandchild will If you should behold it, you will see a likely do no travelling at all, but will re- sight the like of which few people in Can- ceive his education from his surrounding ada can boast. You will see a nest much environments and the scientific develop- like an eagle's, built of sticks and debris, ments of that day. with soft grasses and feathers in the cen- tre where the two big eggs are laid. You A word about the author: will likely find it near a marsh or on the Mr. Angus McKay was born at Fort Pelly in open tundra, close to water. the Swan River district, on December 28th, 1858, near what is now known as Kamsack Saskat- The eggs hatch in from 30 to 35 days, chewan After graduating from St. John's Col- and the mother may desert them if mo- lege, Winnipeg, in 1877, he spent more than 43 lested. Like the Canada Geese, the whoop- years in northern trading posts and was sta- ing crane is monogamous. In courtship tioned at Fort Pitt during the time Captain days, the birds bow and scrape, advance Francis Dickens (son of the great novelist) was in charge of the Royal Northwest Mounted and retreat, cuffing and flapping their Police at that point. Just before the Riel Re- wings, in some strange dances always held bellion of 1885 broke out Mr. McKay moved on a knoll. to the trading post at Fort Carlton, later joined the volunteers and saw service throughout the They hav.e many enemies. Their inabil- campaign. He is the son of William McKay, ity to take off speedily in flight makes them 1818-1883, whose name is in the forefront of an easy prey for animals~ They will defend those pioneers of the fur trade over a century their young to the death against hopeless ago. odds. They are an easy target for thought- The Fort Carlton which is mentioned through- less men-and boys-with guns. out this article was located about 40 miles west of Prince Albert on the Saskatchewan R·iver The untiring efforts of naturalists on this and was the half-way house between Fort Garry continent save the great Trumpeter Swan and Fort Edmonton. Fort Carlton was destroyed from destruction. Perhaps they may yet by fire following the battle at Duck Lake. do the same for the strange and gauche We have left Mr. McKay's article exactly whooping crane. as it was submitted to u , because there is a charm in his manner of telling it that might suffer if subjected to the slightest change.

Northern tights.

TRANSPORTATION (Continued from page 34) we have aircraft, the submarine, the rail- way and the steamer, motor craft for either land or water, and are hoping and looking for further developments, as only man is insatiable and ever greedy for worldl triumphs.

Page Thirty-nine POEM, PUNS AND PHILOSOPHY

Colonel (after reviewing troops) : "Hang we get back our pride in our right to know it all! What's the idea of parading all the God, we will conquer our fears." big men in front of the litle men?" * * 'Twas autumn and the leaves were dry, Lieutenant: "It's the sergeant's idea, sir. And rustled on the ground, He used to run a fruit store." And chilly winds went whistling by With low and pensive sound.

* * * Three Little Graves, STANZEL. "It is a noble thing when a man grows old retaining something of youthful fresh- * * * ness and fervour. It is a fine thing to ripen "Just do a thing and don't talk about it. without shrivelling, to reach the calmness This is the great secret of success in all of age, yet keep the warm heart and ready enterprises. Talk means discussion, dis- sympathy of youth." cussion means irritation, irritation means A. K. H. BoYD. opposition and opposition means hindrance always, whether you are right or wrong."

* * * SARAH GRAND. I met God in a gas station. While my * * * gas tank was being filled, I sat listening to the News Broadcast. "Pretty bad, aren't Shocked to hear that veal liver was 98 they. Make you kind of fearful and won- cents a pound, a customer scolded the der what is ahead." butcher:

The gas attendant paus~d as he handed "I'd think you'd be ashamed of yourself!" my change to me and said, "May I ask you "I am," he replied, "but I'll bet that two questions?" calf's mother would be mighty proud." "Surely." * * * "Why are you afraid?" Sister's Suitor: "Johnny I dislike to tell "That's simple," I said, "Who isn't, with you, but last night at the party your sister the world conditions as they are." promised to become my wife. Can you for- "The other question is, "Do you believe give me for taking her away?" in God?" Johnny: "Shucks, that's what the party Embarrassed I said quickly, "Certainly was for." but I don't go around talking about it." "Why not? Ashamed? If you look back "Our citizens attended both to public over our country's history, you will see and private duties, and do not allow ab- them, men who braved the seas and the sorption in their own various affairs to savages to settle here, and were not interfere with their knowledge of the ashamed to acknowledge God. I am sure City's. We differ from other states in re- through each generation in history there garding the man who holds aloof from were great fears. But the people were public life as 'quiet' but as 'useless'." . strong in their faith. Today we have our fears and are ashamed of our faith. When THUCYDIDES.

Poge Forty

I do not choose to be a common man. It is my right to be uncommon - if I can. I seek opportunity - not security. I do not wish to be a kept citizen, humbled and dulled by having the state look after me. I want to take the calculated risk; to dream and to build, to fail and to succeed. I refuse to barter incentive for a dole. I prefer the challenges of I ife to the guaranteed existence; the thrill of fulfillment to the stale calm of Utopia. .1 will not trade freedom for beneficence nor my dignity for a han.dout. I wi II never cower before any master nor bend to any threat. It is my heritage to stand erect, proud and unafraid; to think and act for myself, enjoy the benefit of my creations and to face the world boldly and say, this I have done.

Dean Alfange.