Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest Non-Native Invasive List (Updated June 2021)

Category A Species of immediate concern

These species are documented on the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest (or within proclamation boundary) and are currently invading native communities. Category A includes listed according to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources invasive species rule NR 40 that have been found on the Chequamegon-Nicolet as of 2020. Control is warranted. For some species, initiating control depends on location.

Common Name Scientific Name NR 40 Class Bishop’s goutweed Aegopodium podagraria R Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata R Wild chervil (Cow parsley) Anthriscus sylvestris P (most of CNNF) R (Taylor Co.) Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii R Flowering Rush Butomus umbellatus R Creeping bellflower Campanula rapunculoides R Siberian pea Caragana arborescens R w/ exceptions* Musk Thistle Carduus nutans R Oriental bittersweet Celastrus orbiculata R Spotted knapweed Centaurea biebersteinii R Brownray knapweed Centaurea jacea R Canada Thistle Cirsium arvense R European Marsh thistle Cirsium palustre P/R *Prohibited in counties west side (see restricted list) Bull Thistle Cirsium vulgare ? (old noxious list) Purple crown vetch Coronilla varia (Securigera varia) R Cut-leaf teasel Dipsacus laciniatus R Autumn olive Elaeagnus umbellata R Helleborine orchid Epipactis helleborine R Cypress spurge Euphorbia cyparissias R Leafy Spurge Euphorbia esula R Japanese knotweed Fallopia japonica (=Polygonum cuspidatum) R Brittle-stem hemp-nettle Galeopsis tetrahit R White bedstraw Galium mollugo R Dame’s rocket Hesperis matronalis R Pale yellow iris Iris pseudacorus R Field scabiosa Knautia arvensis R Yellow archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon Under review 2020 Asiatic honeysuckles Lonicera tatarica, L. morrowii and L. x bella R (all) (CNNF rarely differentiates to spp) Creeping jenny (moneywort) Lysimachia nummularia R w/ exceptions* Purple Loosestrife Lythrum salicaria R True forget-me-not R Woodland forget-me-not R Eurasian water milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum R Wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa R Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea N/A

Updated June 2021, M Brzeskiewicz Common Name Scientific Name NR 40 Class Amur corktree Phellodendron amurense P Common Reed Phragmites australis R Solidstem burnet saxifrage (scarlet Pimpinella saxifraga R pimpernel) White poplar Populus alba R Curly Pondweed Potamogeton crispus R Lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria P Buckthorn, Common Rhamnus cathartica R Buckthorn, Glossy Rhamnus frangula (=Frangula alnus) R Rose acacia or bristly locust Robinia hispida R Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia R Common tansy Tanacetum vulgare (exceptions below) R Erect hedgeparsley or Japanese h-p Torilis japonica (see restricted list) P most of CNNF R Oconto & Langlade Narrow-leaved cattail Typha angustifolia & Typha x glauca R Garden valerian Valeriana officinalis R Common mullein Verbascum thapsus N/A

WI DNR NR 40 Wisconsin State rule adopted April 22, 2009 and updated in May 2015 (Round 3 began in 2019) R= Restricted: banned from transport, transfer (sale), and introduction; no control requirements P= Prohibited: banned from transport, transfer (sale), introduction, and possession. DNR may enter property with permission to inspect or control; may issue control orders and bill for same. *Exceptions: • Caragana arborescens – except the Lorbergii, Pendula, and Walkerii • Cirsium palustre – restricted in the following counties: Ashland, Bayfield, Chippewa, Clark, Door, Florence, Forest, Iron, Langlade, Lincoln, Marathon, Marinette, Menominee, Oconto, Oneida, Price, Rusk, Sawyer, Shawano, Taylor, and Vilas (prohibited elsewhere) • Tanacetum vulgare – except cultivars Aureum and Crispum • Torilis japonica – Prohibited in all counties of the Chequamegon-Nicolet except Restricted in Oconto, Langlade

Category B Species known to be invasive and present within the Chequamegon-Nicolet

Invasion in natural communities uncertain. Record and map all sites, monitor, control under certain circumstances such as high priority sites (see NNIS Strategy Chapter C). These species are not listed by WI DNR NR 40. This list will change as new species are discovered.

Common Name Scientific Name NR 40 Class Lesser Burdock Arctium minus N/A Sweetwilliam Dianthus barbatus N/A Orange Hawkweed Hieracium aurantiacum N/A Yellow Hawkweed Hieracium caespitosum N/A Common St. John’s-wort Hypericum perforatum N/A Everlasting pea Lathyrus latifolius N/A Dalmatian toadflax Linaria dalmatica N/A Butter-and-eggs Linaria vulgaris N/A White Sweetclover Melilotus alba N/A Yellow sweetclover Melilotus officinalis N/A Common periwinkle Vinca minor N/A

Updated June 2021, M Brzeskiewicz Category C “Watch List” species are ecologically invasive.

They are known to be nearby but are not yet documented on the Chequamegon-Nicolet. If found on the national forest, they will be documented and mapped. They are WI DNR NR 40-listed, they will be added to Category A.

Common Name Scientific Name NR 40 Class Porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata P Black swallow-wort Cynanchum louiseae (syn. Vincetoxicum P (R So. Wis.) nigrum) Pale Swallow-wort Cynanchum rossicum (syn. Vincetoxicum R rossicum) Hound’s-tongue Cynoglossum officinale R Common Teasel Dipsacus fullonum R Russian Olive Elaeagnus angustifolia R Giant hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum P Japanese Hops Humulus japonicus P in CNNF area Japanese stiltgrass Microstegium vimineum P Centaurea (others) other Centaurea on State NR 40 list Giant Knotweed Polygonum sachalinense P Multiflora Rose Rosa multiflora R Any other species known to be invasive in natural communities or listed per the 2015 WI NR 40 law and its revisions

Control Objectives One or more may apply to each “A” list species.

• Eradicate - Species that can be eliminated by various methods; may take a long time. • Suppress - There are small populations that can be eradicated but there may also be widespread populations that are large and beyond reasonable eradication methods. We will accept low levels of these weeds. • Contain (confine) - We will prevent the spread of these species beyond the perimeter of certain areas. These species will be suppressed or eradicated in some areas but tolerated outside those areas. • Tolerate - Accept the continued presence of established infestations and the probable spread to ecological limits for certain species. We will try to exclude new infestations through prevention practices.

Resources

• University of Wisconsin Extension videos • DNR Invasive Species Rule, Wis. Admin. Code NR 40

Updated June 2021, M Brzeskiewicz