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Research Framework for London Archaeology MOLA 2002

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Research Framework for London Archaeology MOLA 2002 A research framework for London archaeology 2002 A research framework for London archaeology 2002 sets out three inter-related aims for the future of London archaeology: realising the potential of the London Archaeological Archive, managing the archaeological resource more effectively, and facilitating better focused archaeological research. It follows on from publication of the resource assessment The archaeology of Greater London (MoLAS 2000), and is intended to be used in conjunction with it. Introductory chapters describe the character of both the buried and recorded archaeological resource. The main chronological periods are summarised with reference to current knowledge, research questions and priorities. The summaries are intended to prompt further review, rather than acceptance as set ‘shopping lists’ for future work. Research priorities are also addressed in a separate chapter, set out as five major research themes investigating what London was like in the past: topography and landscape; development; economy; people and society; and continuity and change over time. The final chapter considers how we can move towards a research strategy for London. It describes important initiatives in research and archive access, and goes on to look at how we can develop and nurture a research culture and get more out of London archaeology. The newly opened London Archaeological Archive and Research Centre, which contains archives from the majority of over 5200 archaeological interventions in Greater London, will help in achieving these goals. It is hoped that this Research framework will act as a catalyst for continued debate, leading to new thoughts on the direction of research in the future. A research framework for London archaeology 2002 MUSEUM OF LONDON 2002 A research framework for London archaeology 2002 CONTRIBUTORS Published by the Museum of London, London Wall, London EC2Y 5HN Copyright © the Board of Governors of the Museum of London 2002 Editors Taryn Nixon ISBN 1 901992 29 2 Ellen McAdam Roberta Tomber Hedley Swain All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any Additional editing Peter Rowsome form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the copyright owner. Text Nick Bateman The Ordnance Survey mapping included in this publication is provided by the Corporation of London under licence Lyn Blackmore from the Ordnance Survey © Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to Philippa Bradley prosecution or civil proceedings. Corporation of London 087254-2002 John Clark Jon Cotton A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Robert Cowie Production and series design by Tracy Wellman Ellen McAdam Typesetting and design by Susan Banks and Jeannette van der Post Gordon Malcolm Reprographics by Andy Chopping Gustav Milne Editing by Ann Clark Managing Editor Sue Hirst/Susan M Wright Taryn Nixon Jacqui Pearce Printed by the Lavenham Press Peter Rauxloh Louise Rayner Peter Rowsome John Schofield John Shepherd Jane Sidell Barney Sloane Hedley Swain Roberta Tomber Angela Wardle Graphics Peter Hart-Allison Photography Edwin Baker Andy Chopping Maggie Cox Project managers Taryn Nixon Peter Rowsome Hedley Swain Technical Ann Clark and copy editor Front cover: The London Archaeological Archive and Research Centre iii Contents CONTENTS 5 Saxon (AD 410–1066) research priorities . 45 Topography and landscapes . 46 Development . 47 List of figures . vii The character and extent of the early and middle Saxon settlement . 47 Foreword . ix The character and extent of the relocated later Saxon settlement . 48 Summary . x Buildings . 50 Acknowledgements . xi People . 51 Demography and society . 51 1 Introduction . 1 Economy – production, distribution and consumption . 53 Aims . 2 Politics and religion – the centres of power . 55 Purpose – who is the Research framework for? . 2 The history of archaeological research strategies in London . 3 6 Medieval (c 1066–c 1500) research priorities . 57 The context of a new research framework for London . 3 Topography and landscapes . 58 The approach . 3 People . 59 The perceived obscurity of the past to today’s London . 4 Demography and society . 59 The size, complexity and potential of the London Archaeological Archive . 4 Religion and ideology . 60 Definitions of London . 4 Development . 61 The structure of this document . 8 Economy – production, distribution and consumption . 63 2 Resource assessment . 11 7 London after 1500 research priorities . 67 The in situ resource . 12 Development . 68 The recorded resource . 13 People . 70 The archaeology of Greater London (AGL 2000) . 13 Society . 70 The Museum of London archive gazetteer series . 13 Demography . 71 The Greater London Sites and Monuments Record (GLSMR) . 13 Military organisation . 71 The London Archaeological Archive . 14 Religion . 72 Other museum collections . 14 Recreation and culture . 72 Published accounts and ‘grey literature’ . 14 Economy – production, distribution and consumption . 73 Current research and use of the London Archaeological Archive . 15 Agricultural production and the environment . 73 Industrial production . 73 3 Prehistory research priorities . 17 Distribution and consumption . 74 Early scavengers and hunters: the Lower Palaeolithic (c 500,000–38,000 BC) . 19 Later hunters: the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic (c 38,000–4000 BC) . 21 8 The research agenda – major themes . 77 Early farming communities: the Neolithic and early Bronze Age (c 4000–1500 BC) . 22 What was London like? . 78 Later farming communities: middle Bronze Age to middle Iron Age (c 1500–150 BC) . 23 Topography and landscapes . 78 Dynastic polities to urban hinterland: the late Iron Age and early Roman period Ecology and geomorphology . 79 (c 150 BC–AD 50) . 26 Hydrology – river systems as barriers, links and resources . 79 Cognitive landscapes . 80 4 Roman (AD 43–410) research priorities . 29 Climate . 80 Landscape and environment . 31 Development . 80 Development – the chronology and character of settlement . 31 Settlement patterns and hierarchies . 80 Development – the built environment . 33 London in its hinterland – core/periphery models and regionality . 81 Infrastructure . 33 Power as an agency of development and urbanism . 81 Private houses and properties . 34 Infrastructure . 82 Public building and amenities . 35 Defences . 82 People . 36 Buildings . 82 Society . 36 Material culture studies . 82 Demography . 37 Economy . 82 Recreation . 38 Production . 83 Military organisation . 39 Distribution . 83 Beliefs – religion, magic, rationalism and superstition . 39 Consumption . 83 Economy . ..
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