Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2016) 40: 686-690 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1511-18

Taxonomic notes on the genus Klug (: ) from northern Vietnam, with description of a new species

Phong HUY PHAM* Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam

Received: 11.11.2015 Accepted/Published Online: 20.04.2016 Final Version: 24.10.2016

Abstract: A taxonomic study on the genus Sceliphron Klug in northern Vietnam is presented. A total of 3 species are recorded: S. deforme deforme (F. Smith, 1856); S. madraspatanum kohli Sickmann, 1894; and S. clypeatum sp. nov., which is described for the first time here. A key to the species based on morphological characters is given, and new distributional records are also provided.

Key words: Hymenoptera, Sphecidae, Sceliphron, new species, Vietnam

1. Introduction Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Commonly called mud dauber wasps, Sceliphron is a genus Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam. of wasps belonging to the family Sphecidae. The genus The adult morphological characters were observed and is widely distributed in all temperate and tropical areas. described from pinned and dried specimens with the aid There have been 35 species recorded to the genus so far of a stereoscopic microscope. The terminology follows (Pulawski, 2015). Van der Vecht and van Breugel (1968) Bohart and Menke (1976). Photographic images were divided Sceliphron into 2 subgenera (Prosceliphron and taken using a Leica stereomicroscope with LAS software, Sceliphron s. str.) based on differences in morphological as version 3.6.0. well as ethological characters. However, they only studied The abbreviations of museums or institutions where the subgenus Sceliphron with 18 species. In the subgenus the type specimens are kept are as follows. The acronyms Sceliphron, they recognized 2 species groups, the group of follow Arnett’s and Spider Collections of the World S. madraspatanum and the group of S. spirifex with 10 and (http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/codens/codens-inst.html). 8 species, respectively. The latter was studied by Hensen BMNH: The Natural History Museum, United (1987), who recognized 11 species. Jha and Farooqi Kingdom, London, England. (1995) added 4 species, 3 of which belong to the subgenus USNM: National Museum of Natural History, Sceliphron (S. isaaci, S. paraintrudens, and S. seistaniensis) Washington, DC, USA. and 1 to the subgenus Prosceliphron (S. neobilineatum). S. NHMW: Naturhistorishes Museum, Zoologischen aterrimus (Marquet, 1875) and S. leptogaster Cameron, Abtheilunf, View. 1905 have only been recorded from France and South Africa, respectively. 3. Results and discussion Two species of the genus Sceliphron have been recorded Family Sphecidae for northern Vietnam thus far (Pham et al., 2015). In the Subfamily Sceliphrinae present paper, a new species, Sceliphron clypeatum sp. nov., Tribe Sceliphrini is added to the Vietnamese sphecid fauna; a key to the Genus Sceliphron Klug, 1801 species and new distributional records of species are also Sceliphron Klug, 1801: 561. Type species: Sphex spirifex provided. Linnaeus, 1758, designated by Bingham, 1897: 235. Pelopoeus Latreille, 1802: 334. Type species: Pelopoeus 2. Materials and methods spirifex, Fab. [= Pelopoeus spirifex of Fabricius, 1804 = The specimens examined in the present paper are those Sphex spirifex Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille deposited in the Institute of Ecology and Biological 1810: 438. * Correspondence: [email protected] 686 HUY PHAM / Turk J Zool

Pelopaeus Latreille, 1804: 180. Lapsus or emendation 2. S. madraspatanum kohli Sickmann, 1894 of Pelopoeus. Sceliphron kohli Sickmann, 1894: 218, ♀, ♂, “China: Sceliphrum W. Schulz, 1906: 192. Emendation of Hopei Province, Tientsin” (syntypes: ♀, NHMW). Sceliphron Klug, 1801. Material examined: Hanoi: 1♂, Nghia Do Precinct, Prosceliphron van der Vecht, 1968: 192. Type species: Cau Giay District, 29.vi.2013, Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. Sceliphron coromandelicum (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 00046/P13; Quang Ninh: 1♀, Phuong Dong Precinct, 1845) [= Pelopoeus coromandelicus Lepeletier de Saint Uong Bi City, 26.vi.2013, Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. 00159/ Fargeau, 1845], by original designation. Junior homonym P13; Thai Binh: 1♂, Hung Nhan Town, Hung Ha District, of Prosceliphron Frenguelli, 1946. 25.vi.2013, Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. 00142/P13; 1♀ + 3♂, Hensenia Pagliano and Scaramozzino, 1990: 5. Hong Minh Commune, Hung Ha District, 20.vi.2013, Substitute name for Prosceliphron van der Vecht, 1968. Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. 000054/P13, 00148/P13, 00163/ Key to species of the genus Sceliphron occurring in P13; 1♂, Dong Minh Commune, Tien Hai District, northern Vietnam 21.vi.2013, Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. 00174/P13. 1. Terminal gaster sternite of female rather sharply Distribution: China, Japan, Laos, Vietnam: Hanoi, keeled. Lower half of inner eye-margins almost parallel; Dong Nai, Quang Ninh (new record), Thai Binh (new mandible without tooth on inner side; thorax dull, finely record). sculptured; metapleuron punctate; thorax with extensive Remarks: van der Vecht and van Breugel (1968) yellow markings; petiole entirely black; fourth tergite with examined this species based on 5♀ and 7♂ collected complete yellow band ...... in April–May and August 1917. Thus, this species is ...... S. deforme deforme (F. Smith, 1856) reconfirmed to occur in northern Vietnam after nearly - Terminal gaster sternite of female slightly convex, 100 years, and 2 new distributional localities (Quang Ninh without feebly keeled; lower half of inner eye-margins Province and Thai Binh Province) are added. distinctly converging towards the clypeus; mandible 3. S. clypeatum sp. nov. (Figures 1–6) with distinct tooth on inner side; thorax less dull, finely Holotype: 1♀, Vietnam: Hong Minh, Hung Ha, Thai sculptured; metapleuron impunctate; petiole entirely Binh, 24.vi.2013, P. H. Pham, IEBR. Regd. No. 00053/P13. yellow; whole gaster black ...... 2 Paratype: 1♀, Vietnam: Hong Minh, Hung Ha, Thai 2. Body length 18 mm; petiole in lateral view distinctly Binh, 24.vi.2013, P. H. Pham, IEBR. Regd. No. 00054/P13. straight; subalar and hypoepimeral area with yellow mark; Description: Female: Body length 23 mm, fore wing apical half of fore and mid femur, and whole fore and mid length 17 mm, body black except for following: antennal tibia yellow ...... S. madraspatanum kohli Sickmann, 1894 scape and pedicel, flagellomeres I–V ferruginous; the - Body length 23 mm; petiole in lateral view distinctly following are brown: basic half of mandible, short zone curved; thorax entirely black; basic half of hind tibia, just before apex of clypeus (as shown in Figure 1), apical petiole deeply yellow; apical half of fore and mid femur, half of fore and mid femur, fore and mid tibia, fore and and whole fore and mid tibia brown ..... S. clypeatum sp. nov. mid tarsi, and hind tarsus II–IV; hind trochanter, hind 1. S. deforme deforme (F. Smith, 1856) femur (except narrow apical part), basic half of hind tibia, Pelopoeus deformis Smith, 1856: 231, ♀, “China: North, petiole deeply yellow (as shown in Figure 6); wings and no specific locality” (lectotype: ♀, BMNH). their veins yellowish (as shown in Figure 4). Sceliphron deforme taiwanum Tsuneki, 1971: 6, ♀, Head (as shown in Figure 1): Clypeus conspicuously ♂, “Taiwan: Taitung Prefecture, Chulu” (holotype: ♀, convex, nearly pointed at apex, with distinctly vertically USNM). risen median carina, outer margin of each clypeal lobe Materials examined: Hoa Binh: 1♀, Mai Chau Town, moderately truncate, 1.52× as long as wide. Mandible Mai Chai District, 3.vi.2012, Pham P.H., IEBR. Regd. pointed at apex, with median carina extending from 00125/P12. base to midlength. Lower half of inner orbits converging Distribution: China: Hong Kong, Japan, India, Korea, towards clypeus. Antennal scape moderately swollen. Montenegro, Taiwan, Russia, Tajikistan, Philippines, Minimum interocular distance across the vertex = 0.87× Mongolia, Southeast Kazakhstan, Myanmar, Thailand, minimum interocular distance across the clypeus. Fore Laos, Vietnam: Hoa Binh. ocellar diameter = 1.15× distance between fore ocellus Remarks: Hensen (1987) recorded this species for and hind ocellus, distance between the compound eye and northern Vietnam in Hoa Binh Province. The specimen of hind ocellus = 1.5× distance between hind ocelli. Clypeal the species was a male and was collected in August 1918. surface sparsely, shallowly punctate, punctures denser and Thus, after nearly 100 years, this species is reconfirmed to shallower than on frons. Upper part of vertex irregularly, occur in northern Vietnam and has only been recorded in dully transverse striate. Long black setae scattered on frons Hoa Binh Province so far. and vertex, denser than on clypeus and lower part of vertex.

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Figures 1–6: Sceliphron clypeatum sp. nov. (1) head in frontal view; (2) propodeum in dorsal view; (3) thorax in lateral view; (4) fore wing; (5) hind coxa; (6) gaster in lateral view.

Thorax (as shown in Figure 2–5): Pronotal collar raised of scutum. Mesopleuron with episternal sulcus wide, nearly as high as anterior part of scutum, with distinct deep; scrobe distinct (as shown in Figure 3). Scutellum median notch, each side with obviously deep impression. and metanotum as well as metanotum and propodeum Scutum with admedian line, about one-third of length separated by distinct, deep grooves. Posterior portion of of scutum; parapsidal line deep, about half of length lower metapleural area with distinct transverse striations.

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Propodeum side sharply and coarsely striated, propodeal side delimiting the middle lobe; the collar surface with fine dorsum irregularly, incompletely striated (as shown in shallow crowded punctuations; the mesonotum very finely Figure 2). Hind coxa somewhat swollen, rounded on ridged (ridges transverse anteriorly, oblique posteriorly); anterior side, straight on posterior side (as shown in Figure the scutellum and metanotum are longitudinally finely 5). Forewing with parastigma length 2.7× that of stigma, striated; the propodeal enclosure is raised, longitudinally outer veinlet of submarginal cell III 1.36× as long as basal furrowed in the middle; the upper half of metapleuron veinlet (as shown in Figure 4). Punctation dense on scutum, is elevated and finely punctate, the lower metapleuron mesopleuron, scutellum, metanotum; propodeal dorsum is glabrous with very fine sparse punctuations; the wing (here sparser than on pronotal collar); lower metapleural veins are dark testaceous. Sceliphron clypeatum is nearly area, hind coxa (punctures more than 1 diameter apart). identical in appearance to S. javanum (Lepeletier de Setae on thorax black, sparse on propodeal dorsum, these Saint Fargeau, 1845) (a species largely distributed in the denser than at upper portion of propodeal side. Oriental region), but the 2 differ by many important Gaster (as shown in Figure 6): Integument smooth, characters. In S. javanum: The apical margin of the clypeus shiny, with silvery pubescence. Petiole strongly curved. has a deep notch; the sides of the pronotum have no deep Tergum I with margins nearly fused ventrally. Terminal impression; the scutellum has obvious vertical striations; sternum flat, not keeled. Segment VI with a few long setae both propodeal dorsum and side sharply and coarsely near apex. striate; the propodeal enclosure is deeply furrowed; the Male: unknown hind coxa is strongly swollen on outer side, and distinctly Name derivation: The specific name is a Latin adjective angular seen from above or below. referring to the clypeus of the species. Recognition: The characters described above Nomenclatural acts: demonstrate that the new species belongs to the S. madraspatanum species group of the subgenus Sceliphron. This work and the nomenclatural acts it contains have The color pattern resembles that of S. intrudens (F. Smith, been registered in ZooBank. The ZooBank Life Science 1858), S. quartinae (Gribodo, 1884), and S. paraintrudens Identifier (LSID) for this publication is: http://zoobank. Jha and Farooqi 1995. The morphological characters of org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D34324DF-3844-4B2C- S. clypeatum, however, are quite different from those of B8EB-F423272A404B. these 3 species. In S. intrudens: the face is covered with silvery pubescence; the clypeus has 2 large teeth at its apex, Acknowledgments formed by a deep notch in its anterior margin; the scape The author is grateful to Dr Wojciech J Pulawski (California is reddish-yellow anteriorly; the meso- and metathorax Academy of Science, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San are transversely striated; the wing veins are ferruginous. Francisco, CA, USA) for encouragement, comments, In S. quartinae: The pronotal collar is relatively long, the and suggestions on the manuscript; also to Dr P Girish anterior surface not falling steeply away from the dorsal Kumar (Hymenoptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, surface, the latter without a median impression; the sides Kolkata, West Bengal, India) for providing references and of pronotum are dull, very finely and closely ridged and encouragement. The author also thanks the anonymous rather densely punctate. In S. paraintrudens: The outer of reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions on each clypeal lobes is obliquely truncate, a notch on either the manuscript.

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