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Home-Based Workers: Decent Work and Social Protection Through Organization and Empowerment

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Home-Based Workers: Decent Work and Social Protection Through Organization and Empowerment MAMPU Maju Perempuan Indonesia untuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan International Kementerian PPN/ Labour Bappenas Organization Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations International Labour Organization (ILO) Office for Indonesia and East Timor ILO/MAMPU project: Maju Perempuan Indonesia untuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan or Programme on Empowering Indonesian Women for Poverty Reduction Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations International Labour Organization (ILO) Office for Indonesia and East Timor ILO/MAMPU project: Maju Perempuan Indonesia untuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan or Programme on Empowering Indonesian Women for Poverty Reduction Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment Copyright © International Labour Organization 2015 First published 2015 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Nelien Haspels; Aya Matsuura Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment, Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations/International Labour Office – Jakarta: ILO, 2015 xii, 97 p. ISBN 978-92-2-130434-0 (print) 978-92-2-130435-7 (web pdf) Also available in Bahasa Indonesia: Pekerja berbasis rumahan: Kerja layak dan perlindungan sosial melalui organisasi dan pemberdayaan: Pengalaman, praktik baik dan pelajaran dari pekerja berbasis rumahan dan organisasi mereka./International Labour Office – Jakarta: ILO, 2015 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. ILO publications and digital products can be obtained through major booksellers and digital distribution platforms, or ordered directly from ilo@turpindistribution. com. For more information, visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns or contact [email protected]. Printed in Indonesia ii Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations Contents Pages List of abbreviations v Foreword vii Summary ix 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Aims, rationale, users and sources 1 1.2 Key terms, definitions, scope and context 3 1.3 Report content in brief 8 2. Home-based workers’ organizations and their environment 9 2.1 CECAM in Chile 9 2.2 HomeNet, the FLEP and HNTA in Thailand 12 2.3 MWPRI and the ILO/MAMPU project in Indonesia 14 2.4 PATAMABA in the Philippines 16 2.5 SEWA in India 19 3. Good practices and lessons to start the organizing process 22 3.1 Organizing principles 22 3.2 Holistic and phased approach and integrated strategies 24 3.3 Working with many parties at different levels 26 3.4 Horizontal organizing 26 4. Good practices and lessons to promote HBWs’ working and living conditions 31 4.1 Action research and data collection 31 4.2 Capacity development: Awareness raising, education and training 33 4.3 Labour protection and law enforcement 36 4.4 Economic empowerment 38 4.5 Gender equality 46 4.6 Policy advocacy and representation 48 4.7 Involving employers, workers, their organizations and companies 54 iii Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment 4.8 Safe work 56 4.9 Social security and assistance 58 5. Building sustainable HBWs organizations 61 5.1 How to develop and grow HBWs’ organizations 61 5.2 HBWs’ alliances and networking at the national and international levels 72 6. The way forward 78 6.1 Conclusions 78 6.2 Suggestions for future action 84 End Note 89 Bibliography 91 Annexes 1. PATAMABA step-by-step guide for organizers on how to start organizing with home-based workers in communities 92 2. SEWA organizational structure 96 3. Structure of HNTA and FLEP in Thailand 97 iv Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations List of abbreviations AnaClara Women Labour Rights Organization, Santiago, Chile, later renamed CECAM APINDO Indonesia Employers Association Barangay Community or neighbourhood, Philippines BITRA Yayasan Bina Ketrampilan Pedesaan Indonesia CBO Community Based Organization CITU Centre of Indian Trade Unions CSO Civil Society Organization CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CECAM Centro de Capacitation para la Mujer Trabajadora, or Training Centre for Working Women, Chile DANIDA Danish International Development Agency DO Department Order, Philippines DOLE Department of Labor and Employment, Philippines ETI Ethical Trade Initiative FLEP Foundation for Labour and Employment Promotion, Thailand FNV Federation of Dutch Trade Unions, Netherlands FGD Focus Group Discussion HBWs Home-based workers HNSA HomeNet South Asia HWW HomeWorkers Worldwide HomeNet Networks of home-based workers and their support organizations within countries or at regional or international levels HNT HomeNet Thailand, network of home-based and informal workers and FLEP HNTA HomeNet Thailand Association, membership-based organization of home- based and informal economy workers in Thailand IASEW, India Indian Academy of Self Employed Women, India ICLS International Conference of Labour Statisticians IE Informal Economy ILO International Labour Organization, International Labour Office IDR Indonesian rupiah INR Indian rupee IT Information Technology KABAPA Katipunan ng Bagong Pilipina or Association of New Filipina LGU Local Government Unit, Philippines MACWIE Magna Carta for Workers in the Informal Economy, Philippines MAGCAISA Magna Carta for Workers in the Informal Sector Alliance, Philippines v Home-based workers: Decent work and social protection through organization and empowerment MCW Magna Carta of Women, Philippines MAMPU Maju Perempuan Indonesia Untuk Penanggulangan Kemiskinan or Programme on Empowering Indonesian Women for Poverty Reduction, Indonesia MBO Membership-Based Organization MWPRI Mitra Wanita Pekerja Rumahan Indonesia or NGO network for homeworkers in the putting out system and those in own account work or self-employment, East Java, Indonesia MOL Ministry of Labour, Thailand NGO Non-Government Organization NHSO National Health Security Office, Thailand NSO National Statistical Office OSH Occupational safety and health PATAMABA Pambansang Kalipunan ng mga Manggagawang Impormal sa Pilipinas or National Network of Informal Workers, Philippines since May 2003, formerly Pambansang Tagapag-ugnay ng Manggagawa sa Bahay or the National Network of Home-based Workers, Philippines PhilHealth Philippine Health Insurance Corporation, Philippines PHP Philippine peso SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SEWA Self Employed Women’s Association, India SHGs Self Help Groups SNC SEWA National Council, India SSS Social Security Scheme/System THB Thai baht TOT Training of Trainers TURC Trade Union Rights Centre, Indonesia WIE Workers in Informal Economy, Philippines WISC Workers in the Informal Sector Council, Philippines UN United Nations UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women UK United Kingdom UN Women United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women WIEGO Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing YASANTI Yayasan Annisa Swasti, Indonesia vi Experiences, good practices and lessons from home-based workers and their organizations Foreword Worldwide, the 21st century has seen an increase in informal employment and growing numbers of women in remunerated work, many of them combining work and family responsibilities. Home- based workers form a significant proportion of the informal workforce in manufacturing, services and agriculture, and the overall majority are women who live and work in poverty. They are self-employed or subcontracted homeworkers, often with little education who spend many working hours in labour intensive, low productivity occupations and trades, earning a pittance. Home-based work can provide a valuable opportunity to earn income but home-based work is not decent
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