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Cells Vi (Biological Days Xviii) J. Appl. Biomed. 3 (Suppl. 1): S1–S58, 2005 ISSN 1214-0287 CELLS VI (BIOLOGICAL DAYS XVIII) 24th – 26th October 2005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Organized by Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia Czechoslovak Biological Society Czech Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Honorary Board Bůžek V., University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Rector, Czech Republic Nečas O., Czechoslovak Biological Society in Brno, President, Czech Republic Krajčovič J., Comenius University Institute of Cell Biology in Bratislava, Director, Slovakia Nieoullon A., School of Postgraduate Studies in Marseille, Director, France Smetana K., Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion in Prague, Czech Republic Velemínský M., Faculty of Health and Social Studies in České Budějovice, Dean, Czech Republic Vollmer G., Institute of Zoology in Dresden, Director, Germany Scientific Board Berger J. (president, České Budějovice, CZ) Červinka M. (Hradec Králové, CZ) Janisch R. (Brno, CZ) Krajčovič J. (Bratislava, SK) Medina Diaz J. F. (Madrid, E) Michalak M. (Edmonton, CA) Michalová K. (Praha, CZ) Nečas O. (Czechoslovak Biological Society, CZ) Nieoullon A. (Marseille, F) Opas M. (Toronto, CA) Peter R. (Salzburg, A) Raška I. (Praha, CZ) Smetana K. (Praha, CZ) Svoboda A. (Brno, CZ) Topinka J. (Praha, CZ) Vollmer G. (Dresden, D) Zick Y. (Rehovot, IL) Local Organizing Committee Doktorová M. Kašpar J. Rakouský S. Škopová B. Cells VI (Biological Days XVIII), 24th-26th October 2005, Abstracts Sponsors Biotech, http://www.BioTech.cz Roche, http://www.roche-applied-science.com Canbera-Packard, http://las.perkinelmer.com/home.htm Central European Biosystems, http://www.krd.cz Chemos, http://www.chemos-group.cz Diagenes, http://www.diagenes.cz EXBIO, http://www.ebio.cz KRD, http://www.krd.cz Labmark, http://www.labmark.cz Merck, http://www.merck.cz Olympus, http://www.olympus.cz Optoteam, http://www.mikroskopy.cz S2 Cells VI (Biological Days XVIII), 24th-26th October 2005, Abstracts ABSTRACTS Antimicrobial susceptibility of enterococcal isolates from bryndza sheep cheese Belicová A., Ebringer L., Dušinský R., Križková L., Jurkovič D., Sojka M., Krajčovič J. Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Odborárske námestie 5, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovak Republic, [email protected] The occurrence and antibiotic resistance of 310 enterococcal isolates from bryndza sheep cheese samples were investigated. Enterococci were isolated from these samples with the use of bile esculin agar and identified with STREPTO test and EN-COCCUStest (Pliva-Lachema). Namely, a total of 178 Enterococcus faecium, 49 E. faecalis, 68 E. durans, 3 E. casseliflavus, 8 E. saccharominimus, 8 E. gallinarum and 1 E. hirae were evaluated for susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents (vancomycin, teicoplanin, ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, rifampicin, and nitrofurantoin). Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. All enterococcal isolates from bryndza sheep cheese were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and gentamicin. Several enterococcal isolates were resistant to rifampicin (25%) and erythromycin (26%). Furthermore, a few of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (2%) and nitrofurantoin (1%). This work was supported by the VEGA grants of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic, grant No. 1/1269/04, 1/2422/05 and VTP 178/2000. Identification of novel polymorphisms in the basic fibroblast growth factor gene in Czech population Beránek M., Tschőplová S., Kaňková K. Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University of Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] Basic Fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family that possesses broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. This protein has been implicated in several diverse biological processes, such as limb and nervous system development, wound healing, tumor growth and angiogenesis. We investigated possible genetic polymorphism in the promoter, coded sequence and 3’ flanking region of the bFGF gene. Polymorphisms were analyzed by means of heteroduplex analysis and fragments with altered mobility were sequenced. Genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent restriction with specific endonucleases. Allele frequencies were determined in a sample of healthy Caucasian subjects (n=126). The study was approved by the Committee for Ethics of Medical Experiments on Human Subjects, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno. Three substitutions (-553T/A, -834T/A and -921C/G) were identified in the promoter region. Linkage disequilibrium was found among these polymorphisms (P<0.01). One polymorphism (754 C/G) was found in the intron 1 and one polymorphism (65796 T/C) was uncovered in the polyA signal of the bFGF gene. No polymorphisms were found in the three exons of the bFGF gene. The frequencies of the mutated alleles (-553A, -834A, -921G, 754G and 65796C) were 0.04, 0.05, 0.14, 0.36 and 0.01 respectively. We conclude that the new variants of the bFGF gene appear to be common polymorphisms in the Czech population. This work was supported by postdoctoral grant 303/05/P523 from the Czech Science Foundation. Current ethical problems in cell biology Josef Berger Faculty of Social and Health Studies, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; [email protected] We selected important ethical conflicts of interest (cf. Berger 2003) in current cell biology and which remain still unresolved: the use of human biologic material, patents for biological material, cloning and use of stem cells, genetic engineering, onset of human life and death, and the use of vertebrate biomodels. New data from cell and S3 Cells VI (Biological Days XVIII), 24th-26th October 2005, Abstracts molecular biology cannot facilitate the solution of such problems – on the contrary, they make these solutions more difficult. A solution may be found within the socio-cultural problems. Intensive research is necessary both to accomplish economical and medical benefit and to clarify ethical rules. Thus, essential cell biology seems to be the important part of education for non-life sciences students and students of biology and medicine would touch the social and ethical implications of recent biotechnologies in each knowledge-based economy (cf. Lim 2003). This work was supported by grant 257/2005 the Czech Ministry of Education. References: Berger J.: Ethical conflicts of interest in modern biomedicine? J. Appl. Biomed. 1: 181–182, 2003. Lim T.M.: Learning developmental biology has priority in the life sciences curriculum in Singapore. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 47: Sp. Iss., 117–121 2003. Aggregate-prone proteins and human diseases Zdenek Berger1,2, David C. Rubinsztein1 1Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK 2Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK A growing number of diseases are caused by glutamine or alanine codon reiteration mutations in different proteins. These mutations increase the aggregation propensity of their target proteins. These diseases include Huntington’s disease, a condition caused by the expansion of the polyglutamine stretch in huntingtin, and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, a disease caused by the expansion of the polyalanine stretch in poly-A binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1). This article briefly reviews the conditions caused by the expansions of glutamine and alanine stretches, and discusses the possible roles of aggregates and potential therapeutic strategies for these diseases. Mechanism of antitumor activity of platinum complexes Viktor Brabec Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic Changing the chemical structure of platinum compounds may substantially modulate their DNA binding mode, subsequent processing of DNA damage and consequently the mechanism of biological efficacy of these compounds. These structural modifications may also affect the spectrum of biological activity of the platinum agents and the development of drug resistance, and also their toxicity profile. Hence, a further understanding of how new platinum compounds modify DNA and how these modifications are further processed in cells may lead to further insight of “downstream” effects, initiated through differential protein recognition and repair, that may produce unique biological effects. On the other hand, there is still a gap between these molecular events involving DNA interactions and an understanding as to why platinum anti-cancer drugs are more poisonous to cancer cells than to normal cells. The studies so far performed in this area have implicated multiple systems including several classes of DNA repair, replication, transcription, cell cycle and cell death responses involved in the processes associated with cellular sensitivity to the platinum drugs. It is also likely that many other determinants remain to be identified. Complete knowledge of how modifications of DNA by antitumor platinum compounds and other metal-based drugs affect the components of these pathways should provide a basis for understanding the mechanism of action of platinum drugs and, thereby, a rational basis for the design of new metal-based drugs and to identify optimal treatment strategies. Binding of mutant and wild type p53 proteins to supercoiled DNA Marie
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