NASA TM-87394 _esearch

and

_-Sechno!ogy

_bjectives

and _lans N .SA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

FISCAL YEAR 1985

RESEARCH AND

TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM

Date for general release Hay 1987 INTRODUCTION

This publication represents the NASA research and technology program for FY 1985. It is a compilation of the "Summary" portions of each of the RTOPs (Research and Technology Objectives and Plans) used for management review and control of research currently in progress throughout NASA. The RTOP Summary is designed to facilitate communication and coordination among concerned technical personnel in government, in industry, and in universities. We believe also that this publication can help to expedite the technology transfer process. The RTOP Summary is arranged in five sections. The first section contains citations and abstracts of the RTOPs. Following this section are four indexes: Subject, Technical Monitor, Responsible NASA Organization, and RTOP Number. The Subject Index is an alphabetical listing of the main subject headings by which the RTOPs have been identified. The Technical Monitor Index is an alphabetical listing of the names of individuals responsible for the RTOP. The Responsible NASA Organization Index is an alphabetical listing of the NASA organizations which developed the RTOPs contained in the Journal. The RTOP Number Index provides a cross-index from the RTOP number assigned by the NASA responsible organization to the corresponding accession number assigned sequentially to the RTOPs in RTOP Summary. As indicated above, responsible technical monitors are listed on the RTOP summaries. Although personal exchanges of a professional nature are encouraged, your consideration is requested in avoiding excessive contact which might be disruptive to ongoing research and development. Any cQmments or suggestions you may have to help us evaluate or improve the effectiveness of the RTOP Summary would be appreciated. These should be forwarded to:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology Washington, D.C. 20546 Attn: Edmund L. Sanchez Deputy Director for Resources (RI)

/' .,,,John Martin v Associate Administrator for Aeronautics and Space Technology TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology

AERONAUTICS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY BASE ...... 1 Fluid and Thermal Physics R&T ...... 1 Materials & Structures R&T ...... 3 Controls and Guidance R&T ...... 5 Human Factors R&T ...... 6 Multidisciplinary Research ...... 7 Computer Science and Applications R&T ...... 8 Propulsion Systems R&T ...... 9 Rotorcraft R&T ...... 10 High-Performance Aircraft R&T ...... 11 Subsonic Aircraft R&T ...... 13 Interdisciplinary Technology ...... 16

AERONAUTICS SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS ...... 17 Rotorcraft Systems Technology ...... 17 High-Performance Aircraft Systems Technology ...... 17 Subsonic Aircraft Systems Technology ...... 19 Advanced Propulsion Systems Technology ...... 20 Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation ...... 20

SPACE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY BASE ...... 20 Fluid and Thermal Physics R&T ...... 20 Materials & Structures R&T ...... 21 Computer Science and Electronics R&T ...... 24 Space Energy Conversion R&T ...... 27 Controls and Human Factors R&T ...... 30 Space Data & Communications R&T ...... 31 Chemical Propulsion R&T ...... 34 Spacecraft Systems R&T ...... 35 Transportation Systems R&T ...... 36 Platform Systems R&T ...... 38 Interdisciplinary Technology ...... 40

SPACE SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS ...... 40 Chemical Propulsion Systems Technology ...... 40 Space Flight Systems Technology ...... 41

PRECEDING pAGE BLANK NOT RU_ffic e of the Chief Engineer

STANDARDS AND PRACTICES ...... 42 iii PAGE

Office of Space Science and Applications

GLOBAL SCALE ATOMOSPHERIC PROCESSES ...... 43 UPPER ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH PROGRAM ...... 44 PLANETARY GEOLOGY R&A ...... 46 PLANETARY MATERIALS ...... 48 PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES R&A ...... 49 MARS DATA ANALYSIS ...... 51 HALLEYS COMET WATCH/EXPERIMENTS ...... 51 PLANETARY INSTRUMENT DEFINITION ...... 53 SOLAR TERRESTRIAL & ASTROPHYSICS ATD ...... 55 OCEANIC PROCESSES ...... 55 TROPOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY ...... 57 MICROGRAVITY SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS SR&T ...... 58 SOLAR TERRESTRIAL & ASTROPHYSICS SR&T ...... 61 PLANETARY ASTRONOMY ...... 64 LIFE SCIENCES ...... 64 DATA ANALYSIS ...... 71 SOLAR TERRESTRIAL THEORY PROGRAM ...... 71 SOLAR TERRESTRIAL SR&T ...... 72 SOUNDING ROCKETS--SOLAR TERRESTRIAL ...... 74 TECHNICAL CONSULTATION AND SUPPORT STUDIES ...... 74 ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH ...... 75 INFORMATION SYSTEMS ...... 76 THEMATIC MAPPER DEVELOPMENT ...... 76 EARTH RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY SATELLITE-D (LANDSAT-D) ...... 76 CLIMATE RESEARCH ...... 76 STRATOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY ...... 77 GEOPOTENTIAL RESEARCH PROGRAM ...... 78 RESOURCE OBSERVATION APPLIED RESEARCH & DATA ANALYSIS ...... 79 CRUSTAL DYNAMICS ...... 84 LASER NETWORK OPERATIONS ...... 85 SOUNDING ROCKETS ...... 85

Office of Space Tracking and Data Systems

ADVANCED SYSTEMS ...... 112

Office of Space Flight

ADVANCED PROGRAMS ...... 117

Office of Space Station

SPACE STATION FOCUSED TECHNOLOGY ...... i:,, ...... ;...... 95 PAGE

Indexes

SUBJECT INDEX ...... I-1 TECHNICAL MONITOR INDEX ...... 1-63 RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX ...... 1-71 RTOP NUMBER INDEX ...... 1-77 TYPICAL CITATION AND TECHNICAL SUMMARY

RTOP ACCESSION NUMBER'_W85"70012 505-31-53--'_---CURRENT RTOP NUMBER j,f-Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. TEST TECHNIQUES 11TELEPHONE NUMBER RESPONSIBLE NASA _.,,,Xp. J. Bobbitt 804-865-2961, ORGANIZATION J J/(505-31-23) . RELATED RTOPS / / The objective is to provide the technology for increased TITLE " / experimental research capability required to improve the measure- TECHNICAL SUMMARY __._ ment and prediction of aerodynamic and propulsion performance _ TECHNICAL MONITOR of current and advanced aircraft and missile designs. This objective will be accomplished utilizing in-house, contract, and grant research to: extend development of cryogenic technology and full-scale Reynolds number test techniques; continue development of technology required for engineedng of models for the high pressure cryogenic environment; provide instrumentation capable of opera- ting over a wide temperature range with emphasis on minimizing measurement error and time required for data collection; develop advanced nonintrusive measurement technology; and advance the state-of-the-art of experimental test techniques including transonic tunnel wall interference effects and magnetic suspension and balance systems. ESEARCH AND ECHNOLOGY

BJECTIVES AND LANS a summary

I| FISCAL YEAR 1985

OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND W85-70003 505-31-04 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. SPACE TECHNOLOGY INTERNAL COMPUTATIONAL FLUID MECHANICS B. A. Miller 216-433-4000 The purpose was to develop understanding and modeling ability Aeronautics Research and Technology for fundamental internal fluid dynamic phenomena typical of gas Base turbine engines and to develop advanced computational analyses to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer in inlets, nozzles, compress- ors, turbines and combustors. The approach was to conduct experiments to support the modeling activity and to provide Fluid and Thermal Physics Research and benchmark data for code verification. Computational methods are Technology developed into practical computer codes for use by government and industry. The codes are applied to both simplified geometdes and realistic hardware. The work is conducted through in-house, contract, and grant efforts. W85-70001 505-31-01 Ames Research'Center, Moffett Field, Calif. COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN FLUID W85-70004 505-31-11 DYNAMICS Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. V. L. Peterson 415-965-5065 VISCOUS FLOWS (505-31-21; 506-51-11; 505-37-01) C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-5066 The objective is to develop the capability for predicting The objective of this RTOP is to investigate viscous flow complete aerodynamic characteristics of given aircraft and missile phenomena using advanced experimental, computational, and shapes and for designing new configurations aerodynamically analytical methods. Studies are focused in the areas of: (1) steady optimized for specific missions to a degree that preliminary turbulent and vortical flows, (2) unsteady turbulent flows, (3) concepts can be developed, evaluated, and screened with less boundary layer drag-reduction devices, and (4) low-speed separated time, cost, and wind tunnel testing. New numerical methods, flow. Benchmark data obtained using a variety of wind tunnels languages, and compilers will be constructed to realize the most and advanced measurement systems are thoroughly correlated effective use of available computer resources. Computer programs with available computational and analytical methods. will be developed to simulate turbulence and to solve fluid dynamics problems for the complete spectrum of flight speeds from low subsonic, transonic, to hypersonic speeds, and for steady and W85-70005 505-31-13 unsteady, inviscid and viscous flow over two- and three-dimensional Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. complex configurations. Fundamental experiments will be per- VISCOUS DRAG REDUCTION AND CONTROL formed to verify these codes and to provide the necessary R. V. Harris, Jr. 804-865-2658 turbulence models. The Reynolds number domain will extend from Research to significantly improve our ability to predict and conventional wind tunnel conditions to full scale flight conditions control the behavior of turbulent shear flows including boundary for present and future flight vehicles. Transfer of advanced layers, free shear layers, and recirculating/vortex flows. Theoretical computational aerodynamics technology to the aerospace com- and experimental research to (1) reduce turbulent skin friction munity will be implemented by developing and disseminating drag, (2) control stream disturbances in supersonic and hypersonic computer codes applicable to practical aerodynamics problems. tunnels, (3) determine sensitivities of compressible boundary layer transition process to stream and wall disturbances and optimize supersonic LFC, (4) control vortex and separated flows through W85-70002 505-31-03 turbulence and stability alteration, and (5) determine turbulence Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. structure of non-simple shear flows. Drag reduction research COMPUTATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL FLUID DYNAMICS investigates non-planar geometdes such as riblets, large-eddy P. J. Bobbitt 804-865-2961 breakup devices, convex curvature, long wavelength (waisted body) (505-31-13; 505-31-23; 505-31-53) surfaces, large-eddy substitution techniques slot injection, fuselage The objective is to provide the fundamental computational relaminarization and active (feedback) control, primarily for CTOL, methods required for calculating complete aerodynamic characteris- SST, and missile applications. Free stream disturbance research tics of complex aircraft shapes and for optimizing aircraft shapes develops laminar flow nozzles to improve flight validity of super- for a given mission. The primary emphasis will be basic research sonic and Ilypersonic wind tunnel measurements. Detailed com- in numerical and analytical methods coupled with large-scale pressible boundary layer transition studies with controlled input computers. Research includes viscous and inviscid flow methods disturbances determine sensitivity of supersonic transition process for all speed ranges. The main interest is in large, nonlinear and supersonic LFC to operational factors such as engine noise problems; studies include acceleration of iterative methods for large and surface irregularities. A unique technique for simultaneous systems of finite difference equations, processor computers such real time and three-space turbulence measurements is developed as CYBER 203 and CRAY. (holographic velocimeter) with applications such as (1) direct OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

verificationof numericalturbulencesimulations,(2)turbulent vortex formation and control; and maneuvering supersonic aircraft. flows, coherentstructureidentificationin non-simpleshear The scope was changed to include transonic High Reynolds (3) optimization of viscous flow control techniques and Number Research moved from RTOP 505-31-53, and Nonintrusive (4) turbulence modeling. Measurement Technology moved to Test Techniques RTOP (505- 31-53). W85-70006 505-31-15 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70009 505-31-33 BOUNDARY-LAYER STABILITY AND TRANSITION RESEARCH Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. U M. Mack 818-354-2138 AEROACOUSTICS RESEARCH Knowledge of where laminar-turbulent transition will occur is H. G. Morgan 804-865-3577 important for accurate drag calculations, and a significant reduction The objective of this research is to understand and predict in total drag is possible if transition can be delayed by passive or the effects of noise on aerodynamic performance, structural active means. It is the purpose of this RTOP to investigate integrity, and passenger/community acceptance of aircraft and experimentally and theoretically the production of instability waves spacecraft systems by understanding and predicting the generation by external disturbance sources and the propagation of the of aeroacoustic loads by fluid flows, the generation of flow noise resultant wave trains and wave packets in two- and three- and its propagation to the acoustic farfield, and the interaction of dimensional boundary layers. In addition, a rational method for acoustic waves with fluid flows. A further objective is to use this the prediction of transition will be developed. In the experimental fundamental knowledge to develop techniques for reducing or work, study of the receptivity of the boundary layer to freestream controlling the loads and noise, or for controlling the flow, with turbulence will continue. The movement of the location of transition minimum weight, performance, and economic penalties when in response to a variation in the scale as well as the amplitude of applied to aerospace systems. Analytical, computational, and this turbulence will be determined. The interaction of harmonic experimental approaches are included in the research that is Tollmien-Schlichting waves with the longitudinal structures pro- conducted in-house and by grant and contract. The experimental duced within layers by freestream turbulence and by spatially portion of the program emphasizes model scale laboratory studies uniform and non-uniform distributed surface roughness will be under controlled conditions, supplemented by flight tests when investigated separately. The theoretical program is closely coordi- appropriate. The immediate research is focused on the problem nated with the experiments. The harmonic and pulsed point-source areas of coannular and nonaxisymmetric supersonic jet plumes, initial value problems are solved both with direct numerical interaction of acoustic waves with boundary layers, and shallow integration and by the method of steepest descent. The wave angle, long distance atmospheric propagation. motion downstream of discrete arrays of point sources and of W85-70010 505-31-41 finite-length line sources is obtained from the superposition of point-source solutions. Multiple point and line sources make it Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. COMPUTATIONAL FLAME RADIATION RESEARCH possible to study the effectiveness of wave cancellation. A model R. L. Jaffe 415-965-6458 for the receptivity problem will be developed from the experimental (506-53-11 ) findings, and the long-term objective is to combine the results of the wave propagation and receptivity investigations in a method The objectives of this research are to provide an in-depth, for transition prediction. theoretical understanding of both combustion processes and spectroscopic techniques for non-intrusive, laser-based flame W85-70007 505-31-21 diagnostic measurements. The research will be coordinated with Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. several experimental programs (at LaRC, LeRC, and ARC) which EXPERIMENTAL/THEORETICAL AERODYNAMICS are not part of this RTOP. First principles calculations will be C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-5066 performed to determine the spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and chemical kinetic properties of molecules which have important roles The objective of this research is to expand the aerodynamic technology base and provide a basic understanding of the in combustion processes. The theoretical molecular property data will be coupled with the results from numerical flame structure aerodynamic flow fields about complete aircraft configurations, as well as individual components through the angle-of-attack range models to produce synthetic spectra which can be compared to experimental and theoretical spectra generated for the identical and from subsonic through supersonic Mach numbers. This includes conditions used in the flame models. The models will then be ground-based testing, flight experiments and the application and improved resulting in validated combustion models for the prediction development of theoretical prediction methods. Elements of this of flame properties. The theoretical molecular property data will research are: (1) develop a computer structure for theory/ also be used to synthesize cross sections for spectroscopic experiment integration; (2) develop an advanced panel code (PAN transitions which can be used for diagnostic measurements of AIR); (3) develop a transonic wing/body/tail code and three flame temperature and composition. This will help experimentalists dimensional transonic wing design codes; (4) develop a carefully documented data base of transonic viscous flows over modern develop new non-intrusive analytical combustion probes and add to the effectiveness of existing diagnostic methods. wings; (5) develop prediction techniques for unsteady flows; (6) conduct investigations of three dimensional bodies at high W85-70011 505-31-51 angles-of-attack; (7) develop a subsonic aerodynamic analysis Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. cede (VSAERO); (8) conduct experimental and analytical studies TEST METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION of aircraft trailing wake vortex flows; and (9) conduct flight C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-5066 experiments which are complementary to the analytical and wind The objective of this research is to provide the technology for tunnel research programs. improved experimental research capability for new aircraft de- signs and the exploration of advanced aerodynamic concepts. This W85-70008 505-31-23 includes both ground-based and flight test capability improvements. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Flow quality, measurement of model attitude and deformation, EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED AERODYNAMICS minimization or elimination of wind tunnel wall constraint effects, P. J. Bobbitt 804-865-2961 and means for simulating higher Reynolds number flows will be (5o5-31-53) investigated analytically and experimentally. Advanced optical The objective of this research is to provide the fundamental instrumentation systems will be developed to obtain fundamental data base needed for efficient design of advanced aircraft and for fluid mechanics measurements such as velocities, turbulence development of aerodynamic prediction techniques. In-house, intensities, densities, and Reynolds stress components. Flight contract and grant research will be used to advance the state-of- based research work will include an air data inertially based the-art with regard to: (1) advanced airfoils; (2) transonic high integrated sensor, a miniature multichannel pressure system, and Reynolds number research; boundary layer transition research; an airborne laser doppler velocimeter. OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

W85-70012 505-31-53 LangleyResearchCenter,Hampton,Va. other appropriate areas; and computer systems and software, such TESTTECHNIQUES as advanced computers, microprocessors, and parallel systems. P.J.Bobbitt804-865-2961 (505-31-23) Materials and Structures Research and Theobjectiveis to providethetechnologyfor increased Technology experimental research capability required to improve the measure- ment and prediction of aerodynamic and propulsion performance of current and advanced aircraft and missile designs. This objective W86-70016 505-33-10 will be accomplished utilizing in-house, contract, and grant research National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. to: extend development of cryogenic technology and full-scale RESEARCH IN ADVANCED MATERIALS CONCEPTS FOR Reynolds number test techniques; continue development of AERONAUTICS technology required for engineering of models for the high pressure Michael A. Greenfield 202-453-2748 cryogenic environment; provide instrumentation capable of opera- The objective is to conduct fundamental research on advanced ting over a wide temperature range with emphasis on minimizing materials concepts for aeronautics. The interdisciplinary program measurement error and time required for data collection; develop in polymeric composites includes research into the properties of advanced nonintrusive measurement technology; and advance the the constituent fibers and matrix properties, advanced structural state-of-the-art of experimental test techniques including transonic analysis methods, fatigue response of laminates, environmental tunnel wall interference effects and magnetic suspension and balance systems. response modeling, and processing science for light weight airframe structures. The interdisciplinary project in ceramic materials addresses critical research in material performance and design W85-70013 605-31-65 methodology as related to brittle materials. Emphasis to be placed Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. on understanding the processing and properties of these materials. THREE-DIMENSIONAL VELOCITY FIELD MEASUREMENT Activities include fundamental characterization of silicon nitride and V. Sarohia 818-354-6758 silicon carbide materials, environmental response processing The objective is to develop a nonintrusive diagnostic technique science, and impact behavior of high temperature ceramic bodies to simultaneously visualize and quantify velocity vectors at a large for gas turbine engine application. Advisory services to guide number of points. The technique is based on the combined use Research and Development in advanced aerospace materials are of digital image analysis techniques and luminescent particle traces provided by the National Materials Advisory Board, a unit of the excited by accurately aimed laser beams. Optically activated National Academies of Science and Engineering. phosphorescent particles in the flow will be used as tracers. The experiments will be performed on a free water surface and internal W85-70017 505-33-13 rotating and jet flows. The traces will be photographed on a suitable Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. film. These photographs will be digitized for automatic mapping of ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ALLOYS the three dimensional velocity field using the digital image analysis C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 techniques developed in the Fluid and Thermal Sciences Labora- (505-33-23; 505-43-43; 506-53-23) tories at JPL. Applicability of this technique in air will be determined. The objective of this RTOP is focused on understanding the relationship between metallurgical structure and mechanical W85-70014 505-31-63 properties characteristic of advanced alloys. This understanding is Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. expected to provide a basis for new or improved concepts to NATIONAL TRANSONIC FACILITY (NTF) achieve more efficient structural alloys for future aircraft applica- P. J. Bobbitt 804-865-2961 tions. Current research includes: (1) fundamental studies of the (505-31-23) structure/property relationships in advanced PM aluminum alloys The objective is to support the National Transonic Facility, a as they relate either to alloy chemistry, thermomechanical treat- ground base test facility which operates at super cold conditions, ments, or aging behavior, and (2) the development of new and/or as cold as 300 degrees below zero Fahrenheit, in order to match improved processing methods to provide a basis to achieve more the critical flow parameters needed to scale from small scale efficient structural shapes. Research in advanced PM aluminum models to vehicles in flight. To support this operation, liquid nitrogen alloys will emphasize the optimization of powder processing will be procured, throughout the year, and used to generate the techniques, alloy chemistry, and thermomechanical treatments cold test environment. The services of a support contractor for based on a fundamental understanding of the metallurgical features the operation and routine maintenance of the ancillary systems desirable for high-performance applications. Research in process- will be provided under this RTOP. ing technology will emphasize superplastic forming (SPF) of advanced aluminum alloys to achieve unique and highly efficient W85-70015 505-31-83 structural shapes. SPF effects on microstructure and mechanical Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. properties will be characterized and the adaptability of the SPF MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE process to advanced PM aluminum alloys will be explored. E. J. Prior 804-865-2664 The objective of this RTOP is to provide new mathematical W85-70018 505-33-21 methods and models and apply these to understanding aerospace Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. phenomena, improving computer simulation and supporting LIFE PREDICTION: FATIGUE DAMAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL advanced developments. The research is carried out by a EFFECTS IN METALS AND COMPOSITES combination of in-house efforts, university research grants, and H. G. Nelson 415-965-6137 the continuing operation of the institute for Computer Applications The objective of this research is to perform fundamental in Science and Engineering (ICASE) located at the Langley experimental and analytical research to better characterize and Research Center. The in-house and grant efforts include research understand the fatigue and fracture behavior of both metals and dealing with geometry modeling, grid generations, and numerical organic matrix composites in order to more accurately predict the solutions of differential and algebraic systems and visualization of service life of real, engineering structures. For metals, crack computed results. The broad research areas pursued in ICASE initiation, subcritical crack growth, and rapid unstable fracture will include: numerical analysis with particular emphasis on the be characterized using a fracture mechanics approach with the development and analysis of basic numerical algorithms; computa- primary purpose being to understand the influences of the chemical tional research in engineering and science in selected research environment to better predict stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue areas of concern to the Langley Research Center, including fluid behavior. Considerable emphasis will be placed on the kinetic dynamics, structural analysis, acoustics, guidance and control, and aspects of environment-induced degradation and, in particular, the OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY importance of surfaces and surface reactions. For composites, and composites will be determined. Impact damage and residual correspondence relationships will be identified between stress, strength will be measured and modeled mathematically. The moisture, temperature, and time with the primary purpose being effectiveness of bolted composite joints and woven buffer strips to develop the methodology required to predict long-term behavior. will be studied. Using advanced structural concepts and design The scope has been changed to reflect a reduced effort in metals. methods, flat, curved, and stiffened structures will be made and tested in compression, tension, combined loads, and after damage. W85-70019 505-33-23 Analytical methods will be developed to predict properties. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Long-term durability under expected service environments will be LIFE PREDICTION FOR STRUCTURAL MATERIALS studied using ground-based and flight service exposure. Predictive C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 analytical methods for environmental effects will be developed (505-33-13; 505-33-33; 506-53-23) with emphasis on verification of accelerated test methods. Analyses The objectives of this research are to understand the fatigue for describing the nonlinear behavior of structures including and fracture behavior of experimental and engineering materials postbuckling and ultimate strength will be developed. Processing and to develop reliable life prediction techniques that are applicable methods for new resin systems will be established with emphasis to the use of these materials in aircraft structures. Formulation of on economics and consistent quality. Resin rheology and cure a theoretical framework for life prediction and experimental mechanics studies will be used as the basis for developing cure validation of the theoretical concepts involved form a major part processes. of this research focus. Characterization of the integrity of structural materials by nondestructive techniques is also included. The W85-70022 505-33-41 nondestructive materials research involves both theoretical Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. modeling and experimental verification of advanced ultrasonic/ FLIGHT LOAD ANALYSIS acoustic phenomena as related to understanding fundamental A. L. Carter 805-258-3311 material properties and behavior under complex loads. Research The objective of this activity is addressed toward improving in fatigue and fracture includes structural alloys as well as thick structural flight test technology and examining the predictive section, polymeric composites. Indepth analyses of the fracture capability of current state-of-the-art analysis methods using flight and crack growth processes will be conducted and comparisons measurements. made to validate and extend the reliability of current life prediction models. Nondestructive materials research will focus on providing W85-70023 505-33-43 a scientific basis for quantitative ultrasonic analysis of the integrity Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. and properties of composites and metals. Precision measurement LOADS AND AEROELASTICITY techniques to determine the physical mechanisms of materials C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 behavior such as the mechanics of impact damage in composites The objective is to develop and validate improved methods will constitute a significant part of the nondestructive materials for analytically determining loads, structural response, and structural research. stability of aerospace systems considering the dynamic and aeroelastic characteristics of the systems and structural interactions W85-70020 505-33-31 with flight control sub-systems, and to use these methods in the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. development and evaluation of techniques for eliminating or POLYMERS FOR LAMINATED AND FILAMENT-WOUND minimizing flutter, buffet, and other undesirable response pheno- COMPOSITES mena, and for the enhancement of performance, ride quality, and J. A. Parker 415-965-5225 service life. Research will be conducted to provide more accurate (505-45-11; 552-06-15) unsteady aerodynamic theories, particularly in the transonic The objective is to establish a better and more quantitative range. The capability for design of multi-functional active control relationship between composite processing parameters, materials systems will be expanded. Advanced aeroelastic analysis methods properties and performance characteristics, than now exists. To will be evaluated and validated by both wind tunnel tests and use these relationships to optimize the processing of composites flight tests using the DAST concept (Drones for Aerodynamic and for filament wound cases, X-wing, and rocket nozzles within the Structural Testing). Emphasis will be on measurements of transonic constraints of current design, materials and processing facilities. aerodynamic loads, and flight validation of active control systems To use the relationships established above to develoP an algorithm for load alleviation and flutter suppression. A decoupler-pylon for making materials that are ideal for the above structures. A concept for wing store flutter suppression will be evaluated in further objective is to develop molecular design criteria for new flight tests on a fighter airplane. Basic wind tunnel flutter studies resins for such applications. Resins will be sought having high will be used to gain a better understanding of the flutter characteris- strength, impact resistance, thermal stability, fire resistance, easy tics of advanced aerodynamic configurations. The obsolete dynamic processing and curability, and imparting desired mechanical data acquisition system of the LaRC transonic dynamics tunnel properties and cost effectiveness to fiber reinforced composite will be replaced with modern hardware and appropriate software structures. The search for improvements over state-of-the-art resins to allow efficient operation. will involve appropriate structure/property correlations and the preparation of prepolymers (oligomers) through chain extension W85-70024 505-33-53 and curing of such compounds as bismaleimides, stilbazoles, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. vinyl-terminated styrylpyridine oligomers, and perhaps also perfluor- ADVANCED AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES AND DYNAMICS oalkylaryl monomers. C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 The objective of this RTOP is to develop and validate design- W85-70021 505-33-33 oriented analysis methods to support formal optimization methodol- Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. ogy for multidisciplinary applications; advanced structural analysis COMPOSITES FOR AIRFRAME STRUCTURES and computational methods and a standard generics software C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 system; structural analysis and sizing methods for nonlinear (505-33-23; 506-53-23; 534-06-23) behavior; and better understanding of global response characteris- The objective is to achieve the full weight reduction potential tics of composite structures under crash loading conditions. of highly loaded composite structures. The approach is to improve Passenger safety through improved analysis, structural concepts, matrix properties, damage tolerant concepts, analytical predictive and seat/restraint system concepts for future aircraft under crash methods, and understanding of aging effects. Structural resins and conditions will be enhanced. Active control landing gears will be adhesives with improved toughness, moisture resistance, proces- demonstrated by flight tests. Airframe structural concepts and sability, and thermal performance will be synthesized. Fundamental thermal management techniques appropriate for aircraft which factors with control toughness and damage tolerance in resins cruise from supersonic to hypersonic will be developed and

4 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

evaluated. Concepts for oxygen enrichment and alternate Mach Fracture mechanics is being extended to ceramic materials and numbers in the 8-ft. High Temperature Structures Tunnel will be small crack behavior. Mechanisms of damage provide physical developed and verified. Operational capabilities of high enthalpy base for life prediction models. Models will be verified through facilities, and advanced measurement techniques for proposed benchmark tests and incorporated into analytical codes. LaRC Hypersonic Vehicle Test Facility will be developed and verified. Analytical procedures for predicting transmission of noise through aircraft structures and human response will be developed Controls and Guidance Research and and verified. FY-1985 thrusts include defining standard generic software system and acquire initial test bed system. An in-house- Technology developed transformation for postbuckling problems will be implemented into STAGS; dynamic response of composite frames W85-70027 505-34-01 and beams will be investigated; definitive transport crash data will Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. be acquired and compared with DYCAST analysis; and F-106B APPLIED FLIGHT CONTROL will be prepared for flight demonstration of active control gears. G. W. Condon 415-965-5009 (505-34-11; 505-34-03; 505-42-11) W85-70025 505-33-62 Research in advanced control technology will be pursued to Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. develop the technology base for design of safe and efficient flight PROPULSION MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY control systems for aircraft and aerospace craft that provide Carl E. Lowell 216-433-6922 improved operational capabilities over these vehicles' flight (506-53-12; 533-04-12; 533-05-12) envelopes. Analytical studies will be conducted to investigate The major objective of this RTOP is to advance the level of concepts and methodology. Ground-based simulation and flight materials and processing technologies for high-temperature experiments will be carried out to substantiate the methodology. metallic, polymeric, and ceramic materials in order to contribute Nonlinear inverse system concepts and optimal control methods to improving the performance, life, reliability, structural efficiency, will be employed for vehicles that exhibit significant aerodynamic and/or to reducing the cost of future turbine engines. The prime and kinematic non-linearities and control redundancy. Fly-by-wire emphasis of the work is directed toward developing greater control, fault tolerant microcomputer and actuation system concepts understanding of the interrelations between material composition/ will be explored for the purpose of enhancing control reliability. microstructure, fabrication processes, and mechanicalphysical Flying qualities design requirements for superaugmented aircraft properties. Such understanding will serve to guide the creation of will be defined based on inflight simulation. University grants will advanced materials concepts and options for future higher be awarded to support promising research in the field. performance/higher durability/lower cost aircraft propulsion system components. Research includes the influence of microstructure W85-70028 505-3403 on mechanical properties as well as the identification of potential Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. substitutes for conventional superalloys. Further basic studies focus CONTROL THEORY AND ANALYSIS on the interactions between phase composition/distribution and J. R. Elliott 804-865-4681 advanced fabrication process variables for castwroughtpowder (505-34-01; 505-34-02; 505-35-02; 505-34-09; 505-45-03) metals and ceramics and include rapid solidification technology The goal of this RTOP is to provide a base of controls (melt spinning). Also, fundamental studies of potential service technology which will enable the safe utilization of advanced environment attack (oxidation/hot corrosion/etc.) are conducted avionic, structural, aerodynamic and propulsion concepts in aircraft in controlled and simulated engine environments to guide and design. The objectives are to establish guidelines and criteria for support basic and applied research on the identification and designing full-authority control systems for highly augmented validation of advanced metallic and thermal barrier coating aircraft; to devise and validate methodology for the integrated concepts. Research in polymer matrix composites is focused on design of advanced flight control systems; to conceive and validate improved toughness and increased temperature capability. Metal advanced theoretical concepts for control of aircraft and their matrix composites research is focused on improving models to trajectories; to develop techniques for flight crucial controls which predict performance which should result in improved design of will accommodate unanticipated failures, and to conceive, develop, components. Tribology research aims at understanding material/ evaluate and apply new sensor concepts for flight control. The lubrication/wear interaction fundamentals. research to be conducted is an effort towards fulfilling the need to maintain the U.S. in a competitive position in the stability, control W85-70026 505-33-72 and guidance disciplines applied to highly augmented civil and Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. military aircraft. Aircraft flying qualities and control system design PROPULSION STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY criteria research; advanced control theory and system identification D. J. Gauntner 216-433-4000 procedures; computer program and development and techniques (505-33-62; 533-04-12; 533-05-12) for computer-aided aircraft design process; mathematical modeling The major objectives of this RTOP are: (1) develop and verify procedures and analysis/synthesis procedures for flexible aircraft advanced analysis and synthesis methods and advanced generic with active controls; and restructurable controls will be pursued structural concepts for turbine engine components. Emphasis will through in-house, contract, and grant studies with leading special- be on high temperature applications. Material behavior constitutive ists. Research activities will encompass theoretical, simulation, and relations will be developed emphasizing anisotropy of DS, single flight test studies. crystal and composite materials. Generic structural concepts will be conceived to exploit the capabilities of advanced material W85-70029 505-34-11 systems; (2) develop and experimentally validate improved Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. analytical methods to describe and predict the dynamic and ADVANCED CONTROLS AND GUIDANCE aeroelastic response of aircraft turbine engine components and D. A. Deets 805-258-3311 turbine engine systems. Develop improved understanding of the The objective of this research is to develop a technology base basic physical processes pertinent to dynamic phenomenon in for the design, validation, and assessment of flight critical turbomachinery and to evaluate the effectiveness of vibration controls applicable to both civil and military missions. The work reduction methods for bladed disk assemblies, rotating structures will be accomplished within two tasks: (1) the development, and turbomachinery systems; (3) advance quantitative life prediction evaluation, and flight test of advanced flight control techniques capabilities applicable to high temperature aerospace propulsion utilizing the F-8 flight facility; (2) the development and evaluation components. An experimental, analytical, and theoretical approach of advanced verification and validation tools applicable to digital is applied to the development of these models incorporating flight control systems. The approach will involve analysis, simula- thermal, mechanical and environmental damage contributions. tion, and experimentation and flight research. Task 1 will empha- OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

size experimentation using the F-8 Flight and Iron-Bird Facility. traffic flow management concepts. The work will be accomplished Task 2 will emphasize simulation and experimentation using the within five tasks: (1) the development of theory and techniques to Digital Flight Control System Verification and Validation Laboratory. design fuel-conservative and four-dimensional trajectory guidance systems compatible with airline and air traffic control require- W85.70030 505-34-13 ments; (2) the investigation of air traffic flow management concepts Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. compatible with the FAA's National Airspace System Plan; (3) the FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEMS RESEARCH development of non-linear state estimation techniques to improve H. Milton Holt 804-865-3681 flight path guidance and flight data analysis; (4) the development (505-34-23; 505-45-03; 505-37-13; 505-45-33; 505-34-03; 505-37- of air-to-air combat maneuvering guidance laws using optimal 23; 505-43-13) control theory and heuristic programming techniques; (5) flight Aircraft and space vehicles of the 1990 to 2000 time period experiments on optimum air-to-air combat maneuvering guidance and beyond can be more efficient and profitable as a result of laws. The approach will involve analysis, simulation and flight new technology advances. The acceptance of those advances experiments. Task 1 will utilize the 727 simulator of the Man Vehicle can be accelerated by reducing the risk of the new technology. Systems Research Facility and Task 2 the Ames Terminal Area The objective of this effort is to develop a technology base for Air Traffic Control Facility. Task 3 and 4 emphasize analytical the design, validation, and assessment of flight-crucial controls studies. Task 5 primarily involves experimentation using the F-15 for improving aircraft and space vehicle flight path guidance. The and the F-8 flight facilities at Ames Dryden. approach is to develop the methodology for fully integrated flight-crucial controls and guidance functions; identify candidate W85.70034 505-34-33 system architectural concepts; establish a credible validation Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. process for advanced digital system designs through the develop- AIRCRAFT CONTROLS: THEORY AND TECHNIQUES ment of new assessment methods, emulation/simulation tech- J. J. Haffield 804-865-2171 niques, and physical testing techniques; develop theories and The objective of this RTOP is to find high payoff options for techniques to design and evaluate advanced control systems; and significantly improving aerospace vehicles and their operational investigate lightning environmental effects. safety, efficiency, and productivity in the 1990 to 2000 time period through research on flight path guidance and crew station interface W85.70031 505.34-17 technology. Advanced techniques and guidance laws that can Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. minimize fuel use, flight time, increase the crew's ability to meet ADVANCED INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM (AIPS) precise position/time constraints, and to minimize the exposure E. S. Chevers 713-483-2851 threat will be developed. Another objective is to develop advanced (551-67-01) electronics technology for innovative crew station configurations The goal of this program is the development and demonstration which can integrate the man/machine interface to increase safety, of a system architecture and the associated design and evaluation performance, and reliability while reducing workload and equip- methodologies which will effectively serve the need for advanced ment volume, power, and costs. The third objective is to apply information processing across a broad spectrum of future NASA interdisciplinary R&D to problems of improving guidance within missions. The output will be proof-of-concept demonstration of the present and future ATC systems. The approach is to apply modern control theory, along with singular perturbation techniques processing core with associated data and power distribution media that can be gracefully expanded to support various specific to study flight path optimization problems; develop theories and applications. The design methodology, hardware/soffware techniques to design and evaluate advanced flight path guidance tradeoffs, modularity, and testing processes are significant elements and control systems; utilize grants and contracts for selected of this output. A primary goal is to evaluate the system in a flight studies and software development; develop and integrate advanced test environment. This evolutionary program will be accomplished display concepts, 3-D display techniques, display media, pictorial over a six year period and have milestones which might be graphics generators, and information management techniques; directed towards various applications. The basic program is evaluate/validate new techniques and technology through labora- intended to be generic in context, and utilize output from parallel tory and piloted simulation techniques; and establish a technology programs as appropriate. The system will demonstrate high criteria and performance base for future vehicle designers. reliability with minimum maintenance costs.

W85.70032 505.34-23 Human Factors Research and Technology Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. AIRLAB OPERATIONS Dale G. Holden 804-865-3681 W85-70035 505-35.10 (505-34-13) National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. The objective of this RTOP is to operate, maintain, and enhance SUPPORT FOR THE COMMI'I-rEE ON HUMAN FACTORS OF the role of AIRLAB as a major facility for conducting controls and THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE guidance research. Descriptive system documentation and oper- Melvin D. Montemerlo 202-453-2784 ational support to assist AIRLAB users in the study, evaluation, This RTOP provides support for NASA's joint sponsorship with and demonstration of the safety reliability and performance of the Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Army Research Institute fault tolerant electronic systems for future aerospace applications (ARI), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), will be provided. The utility and operating time of AIRLAB equipment of the National Academy of Sciences' (NAS) Commission on will be maximized by providng hardware and software mainte- Behavioral and Social Science (CBASS) Committee on Human nance support in an efficient and timely manner. New or improved Factors. The National Academy of Sciences and its committees hardware and support software will be implemented to enhance provide advice to governmental agencies in solving advanced AIRLAB capabilities, improve ease of use, and increase productivity technological problems. The committee on Human Factors was established to provide advice on determining the most important W85.70033 505.34-31 theoretical and methodological issues in Human Factors. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. AIRCRAFT CONTROLS: RELIABILITY ENHANCEMENT W85.70036 505.35.11 D. G. Denery 415-965-5425 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. (505-34-11; 505-42-41; 505-45-11 ) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PILOT/CONTROL IN- The objective of this research is to investigate advanced TERFACE guidance and control concepts applicable to various types of aircraft Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 performing complex civil and military missions, and to develop air (505-35-21; 506-57-21; 199-22-62) OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Thesafeandeffectivemanagementoftheflight of modern control to one of supervisory control and information management, automated aircraft depends critically on the management of new methods are needed to predict the mental workload associated information to and from the flightcrew. Technological advances in with the combination of cognitive and manual tasks. Valid measures cockpit technology have radically increased the options available of flight crew performance are needed, in addition, which are to the system designers. In fact, the range of options is so broad nonintrusive and suited for use in mission oriented simulation as and the role of the flightcrew so altered, that pilot models and well as in actual flight. With these two tools, valid workload and man-machine interface studies are essential to the making of flightcrew performance measures, new cockpit systems, operational intelligent tradeoffs between design alternatives. Perception, procedures and training technologies can be evaluated and cognition, and human-machine interface research will be carried improved. The objective of this research will be to perform studies out with the goal of developing analysis techniques for flight deck of the basic components of mental and manual workload and to design and evaluation. Since simulation plays such an important develop valid workload methods. Additional studies will be carried role in aircraft design and evaluation, further studies will be out to better understand and measure individual pilot and flightcrew conducted to understand better perception and performance in performance, in part through studies conducted in the Man-vehicle simulators and the validation of effective simulation systems. Systems Research Facility. Prototype flight deck display and control systems will be developed that are based on the analysis techniques. University Centers of W85-70040 505-35-33 Excellence will be funded to provide an accelerated flow of ideas Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. in this program. HUMAN ENGINEERING METHODS A. T. Pope 804-865-3917 W85-70037 505-35-13 The major objective of this RTOP is the development and Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. validation of human response measurement technologies for the FLIGHT MANAGEMENT assessment of aerospace crew mental state. This objective is S. A. Morello 804-865-3621 achieved by means of integrated analytical and experimental The objective of this program is the development of a research studies conducted both in-house and through contract. The and technology data base from which solutions to human problems objectives of this research are designed to be responsive to both impeding the growth and safety of air transportation may be derived. the short-term and long-term needs of aerospace crew systems Specific objectives include: the exploration and development of research. The objectives include the following: (1) to develop and concepts for integrated control/information transfer between crew validate psychophysiological response measurement techniques for and aircraft; the application of artificial intelligence concepts to the assessment of crew mental state; (2) to develop requirements cockpit aids such as system status monitoring and diagnosis to for information about crew mental state needed for allocation of facilitate safe and efficient flight operations; the exploration and tasks between the electronic crew member and the human crew; development of innovative control/display operational concepts, (3) to develop and evaluate graphic display information transfer involving cockpit displays of traffic and flight management informa- rate methodologies based upon oculometric techniques; and (4) to tion that will insure the efficient and safe use of ATC system implement and maintain a battery of state-of-the-art crew workload technology; the determination of single pilot cockpit requirements assessment techniques. These objectives will be pursued through for operation in an advanced ATC environment; the establishment review and evaluation of candidate workload battery techniques, of a quantitative and qualitative data base for display format/ through experimental and analytical studies of central and arrangement factors; and the development of a technology base autonomic nervous system and skeletomuscular responses, and that will allow reliable substitution of simulators for research through physiological self-regulation training studies. applications involving atmospheric environment factors. Analytical studies, computer modeling, and impact assessments will be W85-70041 505-35-81 conducted for initial evaluations of research concepts. Simulation Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. facilities and flight vehicles, equipped with new display/control HUMAN FACTORS FACILITIES OPERATIONS interfaces, will be operated in conjunction with a simulated ATC F. J. Styles 415-965-5728 environment to represent flight operations in advanced en-route (505-35-11; 505-35-21; 505-57-21 ) and terminal area scenarios. This Facility Operating Plan provides for the operation, maintenance, modification and upgrade of the human factors W85-70038 505-35-21 research facilities at Ames Research Center. The Center conducts Ames Research Center, Moflett Field, Calif. a variety of human factors research programs for NASA, DOD, HUMAN PERFORMANCE AFFECTING AVIATION SAFETY FAA, industry and other Government agencies in areas of advanced Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 concepts and operational problems of flight management sys- (505-35-11; 506-57-21; 505-42-11) tems, human factors in aviation safety, helicopter/VTOL human Human error continues to play a disproportionate role in factors, workload/performance measurement, perception, simula- aircraft accidents. For some classes of aircraft operation, e.g., tion and training technology, and space human factors. This rotorcraft, the human error rates appear to be increasing. To reduce research requires the utilization of both the small, relatively simple the error rates, and therefore to increase levels of flight safety, and flexible experimental setups, computers, cockpit simulators the fundamental mental causes of human error must be understood and space station mockups in buildings N239 and N239A (the and effective means found to prevent or counteract such errors. Human Factors Research Laboratories) and the highly sophis- Studies of the roles that pilot fatigue and jet lag play in flight ticated, full system/full mission aeronautical flight simulators and crew performance will be conducted. Other research will be done supporting equipment of the Man-Vehicle Systems Research to understand crew errors and their prevention. The special Facility (MVSRF), in Building N257. problems associated with rotorcraft operations will be studied in part through use of the Aviation Safety Reporting System. Finally, flight crew training research will be conducted with industry Multidisciplinary Research participation, in the newly completed Man-Vehicle Systems Research Facility. W85-70042 505-36-21 W85-70039 505-35-31 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. AERONAUTICS GRADUATE RESEARCH PROGRAM PILOTED SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY David J. Peake 415-965-5113 Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 (505-36-41) (505-35-11; 506-57-21; 505-42-11) The objective of this program is to develop the interest of As the role of the flight crew changes from one of manual student engineers in the field of aeronautical and aerospace OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

engineering, provide on-the-job training in experimental and academic institutions yet to affiliate. The objective is to conduct computational research methods, and augment NASA's research scholarly research in the multiple disciplines underlying aerospace program by encouraging strong interaction between students, propulsion and power utilizing the preeminent resources of the faculty, and Center researchers. The approach is to bring the collective institutions. The approach is to engage center engineers Center's needs to the attention of the academic community. and scientists and university personnel, especially principal Research topics are established by mutual agreement to foster investigators, in collaborative research efforts of a personal, cooperative programs between the government and academia. day-to-day nature at a working level with emphasis on utilization Cooperation may be evidenced by use of each other's facilities of center research facilities. and performance of the research at NASA installations. The Ames-North research conducted under this RTOP will include W85-70047 505-36-43 aerodynamics, acoustics, flight mechanics, and computational fluid Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. dynamics. It will be both theoretical and experimental in nature. JIAFS BASE SUPPORT The Ames-Dryden activities support work to improve methods Samuel E. Massenberg 804-865-2188 and techniques in flight research and testing of aeronautical (505-36-23) vehicles. The program is to promote the overall improvement in The objective of this plan is to provide a core level of funding flight research through simultaneous advancement in instrumenta- for the Joint Institute for Advancement of Flight Science (JIAFS), tion, testing methods, equipment, data recording, and data analysis. which is an extension of the School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, located at the Langley W85-70043 505-36-22 Research Center. This core program allows the flexibility for Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. developing new areas of research and through support for ongoing GRADUATE PROGRAM IN AERONAUTICS administrative personnel and provision for additional Graduate Marvin E. Goldstein 216-433-4000 Research Scholar Assistantship appointments, will give JIAFS a The objective is to sponsor graduate research and training in degree of institutional stability and flexibility. The specific research Aeronautics which is relevant and acceptable to both NASA and topics in the program will be determined through mutual agreement the University and to encourage a greater number of newly between LaRC and GWU. graduating, U.S. Citizen engineers to pursue graduate training. A significant portion of that training will be through student research conducted at Lewis Research Center. W85-70048 505-36-60 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. W65-70044 505-36-23 TRAINING PROGRAM IN LARGE-SCALE SCIENTIFIC Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. COMPUTING GRADUATE PROGRAM IN AERONAUTICS Randolph A. Graves, Jr. 202-453-2763 Samuel E. Massenberg 804-865-2188 The objective of the program is to produce highly skilled The objective of this plan is to support university research in technical personnel with advanced degrees in computationally Aeronautics in which there is substantial involvement of graduate intensive major studies related to engineering and physical sciences students at the Langley Research Center. While formal classroom disciplines. The approach is to develop a balanced graduate training activities are conducted at a university campus, a substantial portion program in large-scale computing at a few selected universities. A of the graduate research activity is carried out at the Langley balanced program contains training in engineering or a physical Research Center in conjunction with Langley staff and under the science, computational methods, and computer science. overall guidance of a faculty advisor. The research pursued under this RTOP is Aeronautics related. Research grants or cooperative agreements are awarded to a number of universities to pursue Computer Science and Applications Re- aeronautical research with support being mainly for graduate research students and to some extent faculty members associated search and Technology with those students. The selection of graduate research topics is determined by joint agreement between the university and NASA staff. W85-70049 505-37-01 W85-70045 505-36-41 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL CONCEPTS AND CONCURRENT JOINT INSTITUTE FOR AERONAUTICS AND AEROACOUSTICS PROCESSING SYSTEMS (JIAA) J. O. Arnold 415-965-6209 Wallace H. Deckert 415-965-5486 (505-31-01; 506-51-11; 506-53-11) (505-36-11; 505-36-21) The objective is to support Computational Fluid Dynamics The objectives of this RTOP are to conduct basic and applied (CFD), Computational Chemistry, and other disciplines of Agency research in Aeronautics and Acoustics, to develop the interests interest by developing an understanding of the relationships and and talent of student engineers in these fields, and to promote tradeoffs between algorithms and computer architectures for these continued and intense involvement in joint research endeavors applications. Approaches, techniques, and tools are needed to between Center scientists and those at the Institute. This will apply this insight to the development of optimal hardware/software provide opportunities for mutual enhancement and augmentation systems for this class of problems. The research will permit better of the graduate's research and education and NASA's research utilization of emerging concurrent processors, and will influence programs. The RTOP provides core funding for the Ames/Stanford the design of systems crucial to NASA in the 1990's. The approach Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics. involves collaboration of the Advanced Computational Concepts Group, Computational Research and Technology Branch, and W85-70046 505-36-42 Ames' Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science (RIACS). Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. This collaboration will bring together computer science and JOINT INSTITUTE FOR AEROSPACE PROPULSION AND computational physics expertise to analyze the requirements, POWER BASE SUPPORT evaluate extant concepts and products, and conduct the necessary F. J. Montegani 216-433-6432 research and development. The steps involved include the The Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power (JIAPP) development of requirements, evolution of promising systems is a collaborative undertaking between Lewis Research Center concepts; simulation, emulation, or modeling techniques to validate and the University of Akron, Case Western Reserve University, system concepts; and the building of prototypes to serve as proof Cleveland State University, the University of Toledo, and other of concept. OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

W85.70050 505-37-03 tion, and smQothing will continue under a grant with North Carolina Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. State University. This work is directed toward developing algorithms SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY FOR AEROSPACE NETWORK for shape preserving quadratic splines which preserve the monotonicity COMPUTER SYSTEMS and convexity of the prescribed data. Shape preservation is E. C. Foudriat 804-865-2077 important in CAD/CAM applications and the rendition of Shaded (505-37-13; 505.37-23; 505-31-83) surfaces. A surface interpolation algorithm is in use. Approximation The objective is to demonstrate cooperative autonomous and smoothing of noisy data and knot compaction to reduce storage systems technology by supporting research and building a number requirements will be investigated. It is anticipated that research of experimental network systems. As total system complexity on the application of algebraic data types to the specification of increases, vehicles will utilize autonomous subsystems for individual image enhancement techniques will be initiated via a grant to the tasks like imagery, guidance, and control. These nodes will be College of William and Mary. networked to form a total system; hence, the concept cooperative autonomy. In order to demonstrate cooperative autonomy inhouse, W85.70053 505.37-41 the components of the Software Development Lab and the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Intelligent Systems Research Lab will be integrated into a simulation CENTRAL COMPUTER FACILITY of a typical spacecraft. The basic component integrating the C. E. Rhoades, Jr. 415-965-5258 network computer nodes will be a time-critical operating system The objective is to provide Ames with state-of-the-art large designed to support node common and unique service. It will scale processors, which will enable the researchers, particularly in demonstrate that special purpose subsystems can be integrated the computational physics and fluid dynamics communities, to and that multipath networking will provide the reliability, flexibility, maintain their preeminence. This RTOP provides computational and extensibility for future spacecraft computer systems. The capabilities, hardware, software, maintenance, operations, en- approach for implementing cooperative autonomous software hancements and management of the centralized computer facilities. includes at least three critical technologies: language, programming environments, and operating systems. The approach is to conduct W85.70054 505.37-49 coordinated grant, contract, and inhouse research and to assimilate Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. that and other research into the inhouse development system. PROGRAM SUPPORT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK The research provides a coordinated feedback between team E. D. Hildreth 205-453-3470 members. As the software network O/S and environment features The objective of this effort is to obtain a complete end-to-end unfold, this cross activity is critical. The inhouse approach uses, high speed mainframe Computer Networking Subsystem (CNS) to a large degree, presently available hardware. including its operation and maintenance utilizing the Program Support Communications Network (PSCN) as the communications medium. This subsystem is to provide for the sharing of unique W85.70051 505-37-13 mainframe computational capabilities embodied in the various large Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. RELIABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY scientific computers located at NASA Centers. CNS must be adaptable to changes in the volume of traffic, number of mainframes Susan J. Voigt 804-865-2083 at each site, mainframe operating systems, number of sites and As complex computing systems play an increasing role in NASA rate of data transfer. The initial system will link the unique programs and projects, the requirement for reliable software computational capabilities of the OAST Centers. The system to intensifies. This research addresses methodologies for developing support this link will consist of data buffering and mainframe reliable software and techniques for assessing software reliability. interface equipment, and utilize the NASA PSCN as the communica- Prototype tools and environments for both software developers tions medium. and their managers are being developed, adapted, and studied to identify the most cost effective approaches to develop reliable, quality software. Emphasis in this year will be on source code management and requirements specification and design analysis. Propulsion Systems Research and Tech- A Unix-based work station augmented with special management nology support tools and software development aids is currently the focus of this work. Experimental studies are underway to collect software reliability data and to characterize software failures. A data base W85.70055 505-40-14 of fault descriptions, failure conditions, and interfailure times is Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. being built and used to analyze software reliability models. Models TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED PROPULSION INSTRUMENTA- which include the effects of correlated errors are being developed TION and validated. Fault tolerant software design techniques and the N. C. Wenger 216-433-6646 feasibility of automatic software synthesis are being examined. The objective of this RTOP is to provide the technology for advanced instrumentation for propulsion system research as well W85-70052 505-37-23 as to provide the propulsion sensors and control stratgies for Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. safe, reliable, stable operation of future propulsion systems. Part ENGINEERING DATA MANAGEMENT AND GRAPHICS of the effort is focused on the development of minimally intrusive Susan J. Voigt 804-865-2083 sensors for measuring temperature, heat flux and strain with The major objective of this research is to improve the ability emphasis on thin film technologies. Part of the emphasis is on to process, analyze, and display large quantities of scientific and development of non-intrusive measurement systems for the engineering data. Raster graphics and image processing tools are mapping of strain, flow, smoke and gas species and temperature being developed and demonstrated which are suitable for interac- with approaches which usually employ lasers. The remainder of tive use on current and advanced workstations. Under a grant the emphasis is on developing the sensors, actuators, electron- with George Washington University, graphical extensions to ics, fiber optics and control strategies for future, more sophisticated PASCAL are being developed to allow the user to define and propulsion systems. manipulate graphical objects (lines, points, and panels) and dialog (prompts and menus). This high level graphics extension to a W85.70056 505-40-64 programming language will encompass the three central tasks of Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. interactive graphics: modeling, viewing, and human-workstation HIGH THRUST/WEIGHT TECHNOLOGY interaction. The work will introduce graphical data types with a Daniel C. Mikkelson 216-433-6820 natural syntax which will reduce programming errors and raise (505-40-84) productivity. This research will continue through implementation The objective is to establish a technology base for achieving and demonstration. Research on bivariate interpolation, approxima- high thrust/weight ratios for advanced propulsion systems. The OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

approachis to conduct anaytical and experimental studies of reduction systems. Flight dynamics research will be conducted advanced concepts including the supersonic throughflow fan and through analysis, simulation, and flight experiments to provide use of advanced materials. handling qualities and design criteria for specific missions. Human factors research will concentrate on fundamental laboratory studies W85-70057 50540-62 to reveal the needs and information processing of helicopter pilots. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. INTERMITTENT COMBUSTION ENGINE TECHNOLOGY W85-70061 505-42-23 Edward A. Willis 216-433-4000 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The objective is to identify and establish the technology base ROTORCRAFT AIRFRAME SYSTEMS for the most promising advanced intermittent combustion engines Charles P. Btankenship 804-865-2042 for future light civil airplanes, commuter, rotorcraft, and light military (532-06-13) aircraft for the late 1980's and on. Advanced intermittent combus- The objectives of this research are: (1) to develop the tion engines having multi-fuel capability, substantially lower BSFC, technology for the application of composite materials and design weight, maintenance and improved reliability are being defined concepts in helicopter structures; (2) to improve performance and through studies and engine tests, supplemented by analyses and efficiency, reduce costs, and provide equivalent durability and experimental investigations in key technology areas. energy absorption capability compared to metal structures; (3) to determine by analytical and experimental study effective means W85-70058 505-40-74 for reducing helicopter vibrations; (4) to determine and evaluate Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. the aeroelastic characteristics of new rotor concepts; (5) to develop AERONAUTICS PROPULSION FACILITIES SUPPORT an experimental data base and improved analytically and empirical- Frank J. Kutina, Jr. 216-433-4000 ly-based prediction methods for determining rotor blade unsteady This RTOP provides the resources for maintenance, normal aerodynamic loads; (6) to gain a fundamental understanding of repair, limited improvements, and support of interagency and the dynamics of blade/vortex interaction and other leading industrial assistance testing in all the major aeronautics facilities components of helicopter rotor noise with an aerodynamic origin; at LeRC. These facilities consist of the 10x10 foot supersonic and (7) to acquire experimental aerodynamics and acoustics data wind tunnel, 8x6 foot supersonic wind tunnel, 9xl 5 foot low speed for helicopter systems and components for correlation with analysis. wind tunnel, 6x9 foot icing research tunnel, the altitude engine test cells, and several other smaller test locations. This RTOP W85-70062 505-42-41 also provides for the planning, management, and conduct of Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. required contractual and in-house efforts necessary to provide for ROTORCRAFT GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION the successful design and fabrication of the rehabilitated altitude D. G. Denery 415-965-5427 wind tunnel. All resources required for the altitude wind tunnel (505-42-01; 505-34-11; 532-06-11) rehabilitation are provided in this RTOP except those provided The objective of this research is to provide the critical through the CoF budget. Also included in this RTOP are the technology needed to significantly improve all-weather rotorcraft resources for the lease and maintenance of the LeRC CRAY operational capability in remote areas and in the National Airspace computer. System (NAS). The research program will be based upon the needs, requirements, and operating experience of the users, in W85-70059 505-40-84 coordination with the DOD, FAA, and industry. The design criteria Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. and performance tradeoffs will be defined and evaluated in ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS ANALYSIS simulation and flight. The technology thrusts will include: Daniel C. Mikkelson 216-433-6820 (1) low-altitude flight and remote-site landing-guidance concepts; (505-40-64) (2) satellite-based guidance; and (3) advanced guidance concepts The objective is to conduct near term and long range aeropro- for use in the future air traffic-control system. pulsion planning exercises to assist in the development of future NASA aeronautics plans. The approach is to perform studies of W85-70063 505-42-51 the feasibility and potential benefits of advanced propulsion Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. concepts, to identify technology research requirements, and define RSRA FLIGHT RESEARCH/ROTORS opportunities for capitalizing on technology advances. Studies will Wallace H. Deckert 415-965-5486 be performed on a wide variety of engine cycles, propulsion The objectives of this RTOP are to provide and validate systems, and engine/airframe combinations in aircraft missions. integrated rotorocraft and rotor-systems technology required for the low-risk design of advanced rotorcraft systems and components based on verified design tools and experimental methods. The Rotorcraft Research and Technology performance, utility, efficiency, dynamics, noise, maintainability and ownership cost of civil and military helicopters will be improved. Program emphasis is on rotor system performance; rotor/airframe W85-70060 505-42-11 aerodynamics and aeroelastic methodology; vibration prediction Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and control; noise prediction and control; advanced materials ROTORCRAFT AEROMECHANICS AND PERFORMANCE RE- application; advanced rotor concepts; and advanced vehicle SEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY concepts which have significant potential gains in utility, efficiency, C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-6577 maintainability, and productivity. The activity involves design studies (505-42-51; 532-06-11; 532-09-11 ) and focused and coordinated research in prediction methods, This RTOP covers research on rotor aerodynamics, dynamic simulation, ground testing, and flight testing of current rotors and loads and stability, performance and noise characteristics, rotorcraft advanced-concept rotor systems. This program is in cooperation flight dynamics, and rotorcraft human factors. Theoretical and with LI.S. Army utilizing the Rotor Systems Research Aircraft experimental research will be conducted to improve fundamental (RSRA) and other testbeds as appropriate. The flight data base understanding and develop techniques to design rotors optimized will be expanded on existing rotors that can be readily adapted for aerodynamic performance and noise reduction. Effects of for evaluation. planform geometry, airfoil section, and dynamic stall will be included. Prediction of aerodynamic and dynamic phenomena of W85-70064 505-42-61 rotorcraft will be improved by conducting analytical, small-scale, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and full-scale experimental investigations of helicopter performance FLIGHT TEST OPERATIONS and noise; rotor aerodynamics and wake characteristics, drag and F. J. Drinkwater 415-965-5687 aerodynamic interference; and rotor loads, vibration, and vibration (505-42-51; 532-09-11; 533-02-51 )

10 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

This RTOP provides for the overall operations support for W85-70068 505-42-94 Ames research aircraft flight experiments in low speed aerodynam- Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. ics, flight dynamics and control, guidance and navigation and HELICOPTER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY avionics systems. This activity consists of the support and operation John J. Coy 216-433-5258 of certain fixed and rotary wing aircraft and associated ground (505-42-92; 505-42-98) support equipment at Moffett. Support is also provided to operate The objectives of this work are to advance the state-of-the-art and maintain flight data facilities including aircraft instrumentation, in helicopter power transmission and gearbox technology. This post flight processing, data storage and noise measurements. will be done with improvements in the technology of components such as gears, bearings, seals, shafting, lubrication systems, and gearbox housings. Goals are to achieve improved transmissions which will be more reliable, lighter, quieter, longer lived, and more W85-70065 505-42-71 efficient in high speed/high temperature/high load environments Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. in advanced rotorcraft. Emphasis will be given to analytical SIMULATION FACILITIES OPERATIONS performance predictions with experimental verification to create Anthony M. Cook 415-965-5162 long term opportunities as well as to satisfy goals for improved This RTOP covers the support and operation of the Flight transmission and power drive train system performance. Experimen- Simulation Facilities at Ames Research Center. These facilities tal studies will be performed with standard type and advanced consist of the Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS), the Flight Simulator transmissions. Baseline transmission performance will be compared for Advanced Aircraft (FSAA), the Interchangeable Cab (ICAB) with analytical predictions. Advanced transmission performance and Development Station, and a Flight and Guidance Laboratory predictions will be verified and documented. Materials, lubricants, containing multiple simulation facilities and computer labs. The and design variables will be studied for improved transmission objective of this RTOP is to provide flight simulation support in system performance reliability and life. research and technology programs for NASA, DOD, FAA, industry and other Government agencies in the areas of handling qualities, W85-70069 505-42-98 flight dynamics, control systems development, guidance and Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. navigation, pilot/systems interface, cockpit displays, and simula- ROTORCRAFT ICING TECHNOLOGY tion technology. Flight simulation experiments will be related to John J. Reinmann 216-433-5542 various types of aircraft and rotorcraft as well as Space Shuttle (505-45-54) vehicles. The objective of this program is to advance the technology related to the safe operation of helicopters in atmospheric icing conditions. The program encompasses both analytical and experi- W85-70066 505-42-81 mental research and is conducted using in-house, contracted, and Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. university efforts. Cooperative efforts with other government LOW-SPEED WIND-TUNNEL OPERATIONS agencies, private companies, and foreign governments will be J. V. Kirk 415-965-5045 conducted when appropriate. Icing Research and Deveopment testing will be conducted using the NASA Lewis Icing Research The objective of this facility operating plan is to support Tunnel, other ground icing facilities, conventional wind tunnel test research on basic fluid mechanics, rotorcraft aeromechanics, and acoustics, V/STOL powered lift aerodynamics, and the high-lift facilities, and flight tests in natural icing clouds and behind icing aerodynamics of conventional aircraft. This research is to be cloud simulators. The research will be coordinated among the rotorcraft industry/users, civilian government agencies, and the accomplished in the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex (NFAC). The 40 ft. by 80 ft. and 80 ft. by 120 ft. wind tunnels will military. The focal point for assembling and disseminating the technology which is acquired will be NASA. not be available for research operations until the second quarter of FY 1986; however, extensive facility checkout and acceptance will be conducted in the third and fourth quarters of FY-1985. In High-Performance Aircraft Research and the interim, the 40 ft. by 80 ft. by 120 ft. test sections are being used to conduct static testing on models and aircraft to obtain Technology both research and facility aerodynamic verification results. The 7 ft. by 10 ft. wind tunnel is being used in excess of one shift per day to conduct scale model research programs and the outdoor W85-70070 505-43-01 aerodynamic research facility continues to be used at the one-shift- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. per-day level to support such national programs as JVX. POWERED LIFT RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-6039 (533-02-51 ) The objective of this RTOP is to develop basic research and W85-70067 505-42-92 technology required to enable the development of military and Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. civil aircraft having STOVL, V/STOL, and STOL capability and ROTORCRAFT PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY (CONVERTIBLE viable mission performance. Theoretical and experimental generic ENGINE) and configuration specific research will be undertaken in the areas K. L. Abdalla 216-433-5175 of aerodynamics, propulsion, configuration integration, and flight Part of the NASA Rotorcraft Program is focused on advancing dynamics. An experimental database for V/STOL fighter aircraft critical technology needed to solve propulsion, power transfer, and will be expanded using high-speed wind tunnel models. To evaluate propulsion system control integration problems associated with the propulsion/airframe interactions on these configurations, operation of military and civil rotorcraft and VTOL aircraft. propulsion simulator technology will be developed and applied. Objectives are to improve propulsion system durability, reliability, Methods for predicting high-speed aero_namic performance will and cruise fuel consumption to reduce life cycle cost, to develop be refined. Low-speed aerodynamic research will continue to propulsion technology unique to high productivity vehicles, and to develop aerodynamic prediction techniques for both transition and improve operational capability, flexibility, ride quality, and pas- ground effects. Experimental database will be expanded using senger comfort. Technology readiness will be demonstrated in large-scale components and complete models. An Ejector Aug- experimental propulsion systems incorporating advanced engine mented Lift Technology Program jointly funded by NASA, the concepts such as convertible engines, advanced integrated Canadian government and the U.S. Navy will conduct generic and airframe/engine controls systems, contingency power concepts, configuration specific research to investigate advanced ejector torque converters for high speed rotorcraft propulsion systems, concepts and aircraft installed flight-type ejector system perfor- and cross-shaft shared power technology for subsonic V/STOL. mance. Flight control system and display requirements will be

11 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

investigated. In-house studies will be continued to determine USB approach is to perform contractual studies to define validatable cruise efficiency. system architectures for demonstration in Avionics Integration Research Laboratory (AIRLAB). W85-70071 505-43-03 W85-70074 505-43-23 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. V/STOL FIGHTER TECHNOLOGY Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 HIGH-SPEED AERODYNAMICS AND PROPULSION INTEGRA- The broad objectives are to provide fundamental aerodynamics, TION stability and control, and flight dynamic information on advanced Roy V. Harris, Jr. 804-865-2658 fighter concepts designed for short or vertical takeoff and landings. The technical objective of this work is to develop the aerodynam- The work will be conducted with recognition of and in support of ic technology base for the design of future military aircraft and the Ames lead-Center role in V/STOL technology. The research missile concepts. Analytical and experimental studies will be made will include work on advanced thrust vectoring and reversing to develop aircraft design rationale and evaluate advanced concepts proposed for STOL/STOVL demonstrator aircraft, aerodynamic concepts. Supercritical aerodynamics, wing warp, powered-lift arrangements such as spanwise blowing, over-the-wing maneuver devices, thrust-induced lift, nonaxisymmetric nozzles, and or externally blown jet flaps, ejectors, and lift engines and lift-fan component interference will be studied. Similar studies will be made concepts. Specific objectives are: (1) to investigate low-speed to extend the aerodynamic technology base for missile systems performance, stability, and control in and out of ground effect of including conventional cruciform stability and control concepts, advanced STOL/STOVL fighter concepts; (2) to investigate airbreathing propulsion integration and monoplanar concepts. low-speed handling qualities, stall/spin characteristics, and control Studies will also be made to provide a technology base for system requirements for safe and effective STOL/STOVL opera- evaluation of missile carriage and separation aerodynamics. tion; and (3) to define and develop airframe/propulsion control concepts (aerodynamic, thrust vectoring, and reaction jet) and W85-70075 505-43-31 control-law techniques to meet operational requirements. The Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. method of approach for these efforts is to use the unique facilities INTERAGENCY ASSISTANCE AND TESTING available at Langley which include the moving ground belt test R. G. Bryant 805-258-3311 technique in the 4 meter by 7 meter tunnel and the free flight This RTOP is intended to cover interagency and intercenter test technique in the 30 foot by 60 foot tunnel. In addition, testing assistance using applicable Ames Dryden flight test facilities. The will include static and dynamic force measurements, spin-tunnel broad objective is to provide technical assistance, consultative tests, and piloted simulator studies in the Langley Differential services and test facility support to DOD for military programs Maneuvering Simulator (DMS). and to industry and other NASA Centers, which involve specific requests for NASA support. Past activities of this kind include a W85-70072 505-43-11 B-52 drop test for recertification of the F-111 crew escape system; Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. component improvement tests involving F-15, T-37, F-111 aircraft HIGH-ALPHA AERODYNAMICS AND FLIGHT DYNAMICS and support of the AFTI/F-16 program. Current activities include C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-6208 planning for and conduct of Marshall Space Flight Center solid (533-02-91) rocket booster recovery system drop tests and support of Joint The objective is to provide a basic understanding of the Navy F-14 Flight Test Program. Analysis of test results will be high-alpha aerodynamics and flight dynamics of high performance performed and selected results will be documented. Consultation aircraft and highly maneuverable fighter aircraft. Wind tunnel and will include participation in pre-test conferences, technical evalua- flight tests are directed towards: (1) providing improved wind tunnel tion boards, and technical coordination committees. and flight test techniques and hardware and analytical methods for predicting the flight behavior of such vehicles in all phases of W85-70076 505-43-33 flight from controlled maneuvers to fully developed spins; Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. (2) providing better understanding of the fundamental fluid INTERAGENCY AND INDUSTRIAL ASSISTANCE AND dynamics phenomena including 3-D separated and vortex flows; TESTING and (3) improving analytical techniques for determining stability R. V. Harris, Jr. 804-865-2658 and control derivatives from flight data and developing new The broad objective is to provide technical assistance and techniques for evaluating handling qualities. Emphasis in the consultative services to outside agencies and aircraft industry ground-based tests is in the high angle-of-attack, high Reynolds programs which involve specific requests for NASA support. The number regime, and addresses both static and dynamic characteris- principal assistance is to the Department of Defense for aircraft tics. A coordinated program of wind tunnel and flight tests is and missile development programs. Currently, activity is focused planned to provide means for wind tunnel/flight correlation. Both in the areas of stall/spin; aerodynamic characteristics at subsonic, generic configurations and actual flight aircraft configurations will transonic, and supersonic speeds; flutter and aeroelasticity; be utilized (F-15, F-18). structures; landing loads; simulation; and propulsion system interactions on airframes and nozzles. The approach will involve W85-70073 505-43-13 tests in applicable Langley facilities consistent with the availability Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. of test time and the utilization need for the particular facilities FLIGHT DYNAMICS AERODYNAMICS AND CONTROLS requested. Analysis of test results will be performed and selected R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 results will be documented. Consultation will include participation The principal objectives of this program for high-performance in pretest conferences, technical evaluation boards, and technical military airplanes are to: (1) provide improved stall/spin characteris- coordination and oversight committees. tics (via aerodynamics and controls) and accomplish early predic- tion of stall/spin characteristics of advanced designs; (2) investigate W85-70077 505-43-43 aerodynamic flow separation fundamentals; and (3) explore Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. architectures for integrated digital flight control systems. The HIGH PERFORMANCE CONFIGURATION CONCEPTS INTE- approach for providing improved stall/spin characteristics is to GRATING ADVANCED AERODYNAMICS, PROPULSION, AND investigate airframe and control system concepts providing STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY improved stability using wind-tunnel, flight, and pilot simulation D. J. Maglieri 804-865-3838 methods. Results are used to define new configuration concepts The objective of this RTOP is to assess the potential for high and design guides. The approach to aerodynamic flow separation speed military and civil aircraft design concepts of advanced fundamentals is to conduct experimental studies of 3-D flow configurations through the synergistic integration of improved phenomena associated with high-alpha. The integrated controls aerodynamic performance, propulsion system/airframe integration

12 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY techniques, and structures and materials. This will be accomplished W85-70081 505-43-71 primarily through in-house studies aimed at evolving and refining Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. advanced military and civil aircraft configurations to provide FLIGHT SUPPORT advancements in performance, range, speed, fuel consumption, L. C. Barnett 805-258-3311 etc. Use will be made of existing subsonic, transonic, and This RTOP provides for maintenance and operations of support supersonic aerodynamic technology base to determine improve- aircraft located at the Ames Dryden Flight Research Facility, ments in L/D, reduction in drag, refinement of aircraft concepts, consisting of program support and service aircraft along with and optimization of aircraft characteristics over the full operating necessary supporting equipment. The objective is to provide flight speed range. In addition, application of the results of the com- support to the OAST high performance research and technology posites, metal matrix, and high temperature structures and programs and to support joint/cooperative programs with other materials technology base will be applied to these configuration/ NASA Centers and other government agencies. Program support concepts to indicate the significant reductions in structural weight aircraft included are: (1) five Lockheed F-104 Starfighters; (2) one using new materials, structural design, and fabrication techniques, NORAIR T-38 Talon Trainer; and (3) one Bell 47-G Helicopter. thus providing satisfactory fatigue, fracture, and thermal/cyclic life Service aircraft included are: (1) one Boeing B-52 Bomber; (2) one characteristics under high speed flight conditions. Propulsion JetStar light transport; and (3) one Piper Twin Comanche (PA-30). systems advances in cycle efficiency, inlet and nozzle improve- ments, engine thrust-to-weight ratio, and integration/installation W85-70082 505-43-81 will also be incorporated in the various concept evaluations. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. HYPERSONIC AERONAUTICS TECHNOLOGY B. M. Kock 805-258-3311 W85-70078 505-43-52 The Hypersonic Vehicle program is conducting research Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. addressing the technology needs of long range cruise airplanes designed to operate at Mach numbers in excess of 3.0. The YF-12 PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE AIR- CRAFT research program provided an engineering data base that is Robert E. Coltrin 216-433-8337 supportive of the Hypersonic program. The focus of this RTOP is (505-40-64) to apply that data base, as well as the experienced engineering A technology data base will be generated in the area of personnel, to the aerodynamics, propulsion, structures and airplane operational disciplines for hypersonic vehicles. Analysis and propulsion systems for the development of effective military and laboratory testing will be provided. civil high performance aircraft including powered-lift, short-takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL), supersonic aircraft, and hypersonic W85-70083 505-43-83 aircraft. Analytical and experimental investigations will be conducted Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. in the areas of inlets, nozzles, ejectors, fans, unique propulsion HIGH SPEED (SUPER/HYPERSONIC) TECHNOLOGY systems, and propulsion/airframe integration. R. V. Harris, Jr. 804-865-2658 The program is aimed at fundamental aerodynamic, propulsion, and structures technologies to support future development of W85-70079 505-43-60 airbreathing aircraft and missiles in the Mach 3-7 class. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. in-house research capabilities and facilities will be utilized, FACILITY UPGRADE supplemented by selected contracts and grants, to develop and D. C. Bacon, Jr. 805-258-3311 combine critical methodologies. The aerodynamics effort will This RTOP provides for the operation, maintenance and concentrate on propulsion/airframe integration aspects of hy- enhancement of the Ames Dryden Ground Experimental Facilities. personic configurations, including the forward aircraft flow field, These facilities consist of the Flight Loads Research Facility, the spillage effects, and exhaust nozzles for multicycle turboramjet Data Analysis Facility, the Calibration and Environmental Test engines. Scramjet propulsion research will consist of combustion Facility, and the Simulation and Remote Commanded Vehicles fundamentals for hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels to include and Display Facility. The Integrated Flight Test Information System analytical techniques and flow field diagnostic, and of component (IF-I'IS) is the Ames Dryden system which is required to collect, and engine testing to investigate feasibility for the Langley process and distribute data in the flight test environment. IF-I'IS airframe-integrated modular scramjet concepts. The structures spans the facilities listed above plus the OSTDS funded NASA effort will focus on scramjet fuel injector strut design and fabrication, Aeronautical Test Range. The objective of the Ames Dryden and on light-weight, long-life structural concepts applicable for Experimental Ground Facilities is to support research and testing methane-fueled ramjet engines. The approach will combine the of aircraft and remotely commanded research vehicles across the development and application of advanced analytical methods with speed range from take off and landing through hypersonic flight representative experiments. A parametric range of geometric and re-entry. shapes will be addressed to identify the best fundamental approaches to achieve high vehicle, engine, and structures performance. Detailed flow field analyses will include parabolic W85-70080 505-43-61 and elliptic 3-D techniques, embedded shocks, inlet spillage effects, shock-boundary layer interactions, fuel injection, mixing Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and combustion. HIGH-SPEED WIND-TUNNEL OPERATIONS Daniel P. Bencze 415-965-5848 This RTOP covers the operation, maintenance, repair and Subsonic Aircraft Research and Technol- enhancement of the high speed wind tunnels at ARC. These facilities consist of the unitary plan wind tunnels (11-foot Transonic, ogy 9-by 7-Foot and 8-by 7-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnels), 12-Foot pressure Wind Tunnels, and the 6-by 6-Foot Supersonic Wind Tunnel. In addition, a number of smaller scale aerodynamic W85-70084 505-45-10 research and test facilities are maintained and supported as Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. required. The objective of the RTOP is to provide aerodynamic ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE MEASUREMENTS - SPANWlSE testing in support of research and technology programs for NASA, GRADIENT/B57-B DOD, industry, and other government agencies. Wind tunnel tests C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 will be conducted to generate experimental test data to advance The objective is to measure the spanwise gradient of atmo- the state-of-the-art in generic research and vehicle configuration spheric turbulence with emphasis on the first 3000 ft. above the research. surface. Turbulence measurements will be made in vertical, lateral,

13 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

and longitudinal components. Sampling runs are primarily to be W85-70088 505-45-15 made in clear air under different atmospheric conditions. Some Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. runs will be made on a glide slope. Some long runs (10 min. CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE STUDIES USING PASSIVE MI- duration) are needed to provide data with good statistical reliability. CROWAVE RADIOMETERS A highly instrumented B-57B aircraft with turbulence sensors at B. L. Gary 818-354-3198 the wing tips is utilized as the sampling airplane. Data will be (147-14-07) reduced to time history and power spectral form for further This RTOP is for completion of data analysis, and writing-up correlations and analyses. Results will be used in aircraft response of results, of measurements taken with airborne microwave studies and simulations to assist in minimizing turbulence hazards radiometer (AMR). The AMR has been flown in the NASA/Ames in design and operations. C-141 Kuiper Airborne Observatory for two years. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques to determine altitude temperature profiles, which cover a 6000 ft. altitude region W85-70085 505-45-11 centered on the aircraft's altitude. These profiles are used to locate Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. tropopause and inversion layer features. Clear air turbulence, CAT, OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS - FIREWORTHINESS AND CRASH- isgenerated at the tropopause and within inversion layers. Although WORTHINESS it is felt at other altitudes, CAT severity is strongest at the altitudes D. G. Denery 415-965-5427 where it is generated. Thus, knowledge of the altitude of the One objective of this RTOP is to improve aviation safety. This tropopause (or an inversion layer) is equivalent to knowledge about study will: (1) enhance our knowledge of atmospheric processes; where CAT is most likely to be generated (and to be most severe). (2) increase the understanding of the causes of accidents; and If CAT is being felt, or if it is expected (based on pilot reports, or (3) help us to develop systems technology and piloting techniques another sensor's when prediction), the AMR provides a basis for for avoiding hazards. This research is being conducted in coopera- requesting altitude changes that may reduce the severity of the tion with the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and CAT encounter. The principal objective of this RTOP is to determine the FAA. Research will also be conducted to gather atmospheric statistics on the occurrence of CAT at the tropopause, within data using the B-57B Aircraft, and to provide new technology to inversion layers, and at other altitudes, based on two years' worth enhance the operational safety of civil and military aircraft. The of flight observations. These statistics will enable an evaluation to second objective is to improve aircraft crashworthiness and cabin be made of the merits of using the AMR as a CAT avoidance safety in post-crash fires. The program includes: (1) development sensor. of fire-resistant fuselage insulation; (2) development of lightweight graphite composites for fire-resistant aircraft interiors; (3) develop- W85-70089 505-45-18 ment of fire-test methodology such as measurement of the mass Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. injection rate of materials into the environment; (4) fabrication of AIRBORNE RADAR TECHNOLOGY FOR WIND-SHEAR DETEC- advanced aircraft interior materials for testing by the FAA; and TION (5) completion of joint NASA/FAA full-scale transport aircraft L. D. Staton 804-865-3631 controlled-impact demonstration test. The objectives of this program are to research the applicability of airborne Doppler radar instruments to the problems of detection and warning of hazardous wind-shear encounters on aircraft takeoff W85-70086 505-45-13 and landing, and to develop radar instrumental and signal analysis Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. techniques to underlie the future practical application of such radars AVIATION SAFETY: SEVERE STORMS/F-106B in the aircraft industry. Existing airborne radar techniques will be J. W. Stickle 804-865-2037 substantially modified and extended so as to enable the measure- The objective of this RTOP is to improve the knowledge of ment of the velocity spectrum of wind-carried raindrops near the severe storm atmospheric processes as they affect the design ground and the inference from this measurement of the degree of and safe and efficient operation of aircraft and aircraft systems. wind-shear hazard. The program will use both analytical studies Existing experimental programs will be continued to provide and experimental flight data from specially developed radar systems additional data for improving the detection and avoidance of severe and subsystems, as well as supportive truth data from ground storm hazards, and for the development of design and operating based meteorological and radar systems. The program will be criteria for those hazards which cannot be avoided. Specific hazards jointly funded by the Federal Aviation Administration. include precipitation, wind shear, turbulence, and in-flight lightning. The lightning program is part of the joint NASA/FAA/DOD W85-70090 505-45-19 Atmospheric Electricity Hazards Program, and involves support from Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. NASA and DOD. Some Wallops support is also covered by the AVIATION SAFETY - ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES/B-57 RTOP. D. W. Camp 205-453-2087 The objective of this RTOP is to investigate and define atmospheric processes of concern to aviation safety in terms of W85-70087 505-45-14 engineering models and parameters for use in aircraft design Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. tradeoff studies and performance simulations. This objective will AIRCRAFT LANDING DYNAMICS be accomplished by use of in-house MSFC talents, supported by C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 university and other groups as necessary, for the tasks as identified The objective of the research is to advance the technology in the RTOP. for safe, economical all-weather aircraft ground operations, including the development of new landing systems concepts, and W85-70091 505-45-23 to provide a description of spanwise gradient for low altitude Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. atmospheric turbulence through data measurement on in- FLIGHT DYNAMICS - SUBSONIC AIRCRAFT strumented B-57B aircraft. The scope of the effort includes the R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 national tire modeling program; detailed studies of forces and (505-45-43) moments in tire footprint; spray ingestion tests; analytical model An advanced technology base will be developed to provide to predict temperature gradients in yawed, rolling aircraft tire; and improved stall/spin characteristics for small and medium sized data for improved understanding and modeling of turbulence subsonic aircraft with both single and twin engines. The goal for hazards for aircraft operations. The FY-1985 thrust is to develop this technology includes the development of test techniques and analyses to predict asymmetric distortion and frictional forces in prediction capability. An experimental program will be conducted airplane tires. Work will be completed on the upgrade of the aircraft utilizing models and full-scale airplanes for both wind tunnel and landing dynamics facility and checkout tests will be conducted. flight testing. Experiments will be conducted to determine appropri-

14 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

ate wing leading edge modifications on existing and advanced W85.70095 505-45-41 natural laminar flow airfoils for improved stall/departure resistance Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. with minimum impact on aerodynamic performance. The experimen- CONFIGURATION/PROPULSION AERODYNAMIC AND tal program will provide a data base and insight to guide the ACOUSTICS INTEGRATION theoretical analysis, computer code development and simulator W. H. Deckert 415-965-5486 studies. The objective of this research is to develop the technology for the efficient integration of aircraft airframes and advanced W85.70092 505-45-30 propulsion systems for subsonic transports. This research is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. coordinated experimental and theoretical program with emphasis RADIO TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR AERONAUTICS on the acoustic performance of the integrated airframe/propulsion systems. Conventional aircraft configurations such as wing-mounted (RTCA) Lee D. Goolsby 202-453-2813 propellers will be studied. Unconventional configurations such as tail-mounted pusher propellers and aft-fuselage systems will also This RTOP provides for the continuation of support to the be studied. Wind tunnel experiments will be planned for the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) located in acoustically treated 40- by 80-ft. wind tunnel and will be conducted Washington, D.C. The RTCA brings together experts from Govern- in the open-jet configured or the closed acoustically-treated 7- by ment, unversities, and industrial establishments to advance the 10-ft. wind tunnel. The test program will be designed so that the art and science of aeronautics through the investigation of present effects of important geometric and aerodynamic parameters can and potential applications of avionics and telecommunications. be studied in a systematic manner. In addition to providing RTCA and its Special Committees seek solutions to problems experimental measurements that are essential for the development involving the application of electronics, avionics, and telecom- of modern, efficient aircraft, these experimental results will also munications to aeronautical operations; they frequently re- be integrated in appropriate aerodynamic analyses and noise commend technical performance standards and common oper- prediction codes in such a way that designers can use the ational requirements for consideration by Government, industry, and aviation users. As a member of the Executive Committee, information for configuration trade-off studies. NASA's representative can present subjects or problems for discussion and action, authorize new special committees, and W85-70096 505-45-43 approve completed studies. Through the mechanism of RTCA, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. NASA can be kept abreast of aeronautical needs and requirements AERODYNAMICS/PROPULSION INTEGRATION R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 and can initiate relevant research and participate in development of solutions to common problems with other members of the (505-45-23) aviation community. An advanced technology base will be developed for subsonic aircraft to improve safety and productivity, reduce cost, and improve performance. The technology base will be applicable to both military W85-70093 505-45.33 and civil subsonic aircraft including large transport airplanes, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. commuter aircraft and general aviation airplanes. The research ADVANCED TRANSPORT OPERATING SYSTEMS will involve analytical and experimental investigations including M. A. Burgess 804-865-2224 computer analysis, simulation studies, and wind-tunnel and flight The objectives are to develop flight hardware, software and tests of model and full-scale aircraft. display concepts enabling safe and effective operation in the evolving National Airspace System while more efficiently using W85.70097 505.45-54 fuel, airspace and time; increasing traffic flow capacity; and Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. improving operational capability in adverse weather. The approach ICING TECHNOLOGY is to: (1) propose and investigate improvements to flight deck John J. Reinmann 216-433-5542 design, ground and aircraft equipment, and procedures to provide (505-42-98; 505-36-42; 505-90-28) more efficient operations; (2) develop improved takeoff, approach, The objective of this program is to update and advance the and landing rollout and turnoff capabilities; (3) investigate methods technology related to the safe operation of aircraft in atmospheric to improve the exchange of information between ATC and aircraft icing conditions. The program addresses the ice protection needs throughout the flight profile; (4) identify and promote incorporation of general aviation, light transports, commercial transports, and of aircraft capabilities in the design of ATC improvements to helicopters. The program is broad-based, encompassing both facilitate efficient operations; and (5) propose and investigate analytical and experimental research and is conducted using strategies for optimization of terminal area traffic flow. This research in-house, contracted, and university efforts. Icing Reseach and involves analysis, simulations, and flight studies using facilities at Development testing will be conducted in the NASA Lewis Icing Langley, Wallops, FAA Technical Center, and FAA-designated Research Tunnel and in flight tests in natural icing clouds and controlled airspace. Simulation facilities and the transport systems behind icing cloud simulators. The research will be coordinated research vehicle, a modified B-737 airplane equipped with flexible among the aircraft industry/users, civilian government agencies, display and control systems, are used to study new hardware, and the military. The focal point for assembling and disseminating software and procedures in simulated and real ATC environments. a wide range of data will be NASA. The program includes active participation by major airframe manufacturers, the FAA and airline and other transport aircraft W85-70098 505-45-58 operations representatives. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. ADVANCED TURBOPROP TECHNOLOGY (SRT) W85.70094 505-45.36 G. K. Sievers 216-433-4000 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. (535-03-12) WALLOPS FLIGHT FACILITY RESEARCH AIRPORT The objective of the Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) D. L. Feller 804-824-3411 effort is to develop propeller and related drive system and aircraft This RTOP covers the Fiscal Year 1985 Program Support costs technologies critical to efficient, reliable, and acceptable operation associated with OAST programs that use the facilities of the of future advanced, high-speed, turboprop-powered aircraft. Both Wallops research airport and other supporting services. Included single-rotating and counter-rotating propeller technologies are being are: program aircraft ground servicing; control tower management evaluated. This supporting technology effort (analysis and tests) of the Wallops airport control area; shop support; ADP operations; is conducted in the areas of propeller aerodynamics, acoustics, SAR, chase, and other aircraft flight services; crash, fire, and rescue structures, and dynamics; aircraft cabin environment (both noise services; specialized instrumentation; and miscellaneous equip- and vibration), and aircraft installation aerodynamics. Studies of ment. advanced turboprop propulsion systems and components, and of

15 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

advanced turboprop aircraft and their missions, are conducted to Department of Agriculture missions will be of primary concern). provide guidance to the technology efforts. NASA Lewis Research The list of relevant technologies for these studies includes: Center has overall management responsibility for the program, (1) subsonic, low Reynolds number aerodynamics; (2) propulsion but other centers conduct portions of the program that lie within (propellers and electric motors or combustible-fuel engines); their areas of expertise (e.g., Ames and Langley Research Centers; (3) lightweight structures and materials; (4) autonomous, self- installation aerodynamics; Langley Research: cabin environment). adjusting control systems for the entire vehicle; and (5) systems for acquiring, storing and managing energy for propulsion, pay- W85.70099 505-45-61 load or flight controls. Liason will be maintained with potential Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. users, government agencies and commercial organizations in- LAMINAR FLOW INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY (LEADING terested in the development of such aircraft. Innovation and EDGE FLIGHT TEST AND VSTFE) conceptual flexibility are important. R. S. Baron 805-258-3311 (505-45-63) One objective is to demonstrate by flight research the ef- fectivenes of Laminar Flow Control (LFC) Leading-Edge Systems Interdisciplinary Technology under representative flight conditions up to Mach 0.8 and 40, 000 feet. Two different contractor-developed LFC Leading-Edge Systems (including suction, cleaning and de-icing systems) will be installed, one on each wing of the JetStar Aircraft. The LFC Leading-Edge test articles will be designed and fabricated to W85-70102 505-90-28 demonstrate that required LFC systems can be packaged into a Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. leading edge section of a wing representative of future LFC FUND FOR INDEPENDENT RESEARCH (AERONAUTICS) commercial transport aircraft. After the test articles are installed E. J. Prior 804-865-2664 in the aircrft, a series of ground and flight tests will be performed (506-90-23) to validate the laminar flow performance and also to verify The objective of this program is to support basic research in operational capability of the LFC contractor systems. Another universities in areas related to aeronautics through the funding of objective is to obtain accurate in-flight measurement of boundary a limited number of unsolicited research proposals. University layer transition location for wing pressure distributions, sweep research proposals, that have been given high technical evaluations angles and flight conditions representative of future natural laminar but are not funded through the research programs, are reviewed flow transpot aircraft. This variable sweep transition flight experi- by the Langley University Research Proposal Review Committee. ment (VSTFE) will be conducted for several advanced airfoil shapes Those research proposals that are judged by this committee to based on wind tunnel test results. be worth supporting on a scientific or engineering basis are selected as candidates for funding through this plan. The committee W85-70100 505-45-63 establishes a priority listing of these proposals and selects those Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. efforts that are judged to be the more innovative and aimed at LAMINAR FLOW INTEGRATION the longer term research of potential relevance to future NASA H. T. Wright 804-865-3265 aeronautics programs. Technology for practical, reliable, and maintainable laminar flow systems for application to future commercial and military transports will be developed. The effectiveness of leading edge systems to W85.70103 505-90-28 maintain laminar flow under representative flight conditions will be Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. established. The performance of advanced suction surfaces in INTERDISCIPLINARY TECHNOLOGY FUNDS FOR IN- transonic wind tunnel tests, will be evaluated. A flight data base DEPENDENT RESEARCH (AERONAUTICS) will be provided for transition analyses/design of NLF, LFC, or D. J. Peake 415-965-5113 hybrid laminar flow wings. Systems concepts for hybrid laminar (506-90-21 ) flow control for aircraft wings will be evaluated and a data base The object of this RTOP is to support innovative and high-risk for design of integral or glove surface panel structure for laminar basic research in areas related to aeronautics. The program flow transports will be provided. Two leading-edge test articles pursues basic investigations of new technologies in fundamental (including suction surfaces and ducting, insect protection and science and engineering needed to satisfy NASA's requirements deicing systems) will be tested on the DFRF JetStar at flight in aeronautics including the technical fields of aerodynamics, fluid conditions and in an operational environment representative of mechanics, flight mechanics, power, guidance and navigation, commercial transport operations. Initial flight tests will determine applied mathematics, propulsion, and human factors including optimum operational setting for the laminar flow systems. These man-machine integration. The Ames Basic Research Council flights will be followed with a simulated airline service phase of accepts unsolicited proposals, usually from universities, and judges flight testing. In-house construction of a swept wing LFC model these on the basis of the degree of innovation and the capacity (with spanwise suction slots) and associated test apparatus was to complete the task. completed in 1982. Wind tunnel tests in the LaRC 8' TPT began in FY-82 to investigate various aerodynamic issues concerning the attainment Of laminar flow on slotted supercritical swept wings. W85-70104 505-90-28 Following these tests, electron-beam perforated titanium panels Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. will be installed on the upper surface of the model and tested in AERONAUTICS INDEPENDENT RESEARCH FY-85. Under this RTOP, the preparation of these panels for the Marvin E. Goldstein 216-433-4000 wind tunnel tests will be completed. The objective is to conduct innovative, long range, high risk, basic research in areas related to aeronautics. The program W85.70101 505-45-83 pursues basic investigations of, and facilities exchange of informa- Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. tion about new technologies in fundamental science and engineer- HIGH-ALTITUDE AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY (RPV) ing needed to satisfy NASA's requirements in aeronautics. The C. E. K. Morris, Jr. 804-865-4576 program is carried out primarily through grants which are selected The objective of this RTOP is to assess the potential for by the Chief Scientist with the aid of the Research Advisory Board. synergistic integration of critical, enabling technologies for It allows OAST to initiate fundamental studies in areas not presently unmanned, high altitude, long endurance aircraft. Initial emphasis included in a specific discipline program. The funds are also used will be placed on vehicle concept evaluation for near-term, to bring speakers and visiting university scientists to the Lab and representative missions. (Proposed Department of Energy and to hold workshops and seminars.

16 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Aeronautics Systems Technology Pro- rotor utilizing higher harmonic control and hub moment feedback. This approach includes detailed analysis, design, fabrication, ground grams tests, and flight testing of an X-Wing rotor system, modifications required to the RSRA, and supporting analysis, wind tunnel testing, and simulation. Rotorcraft Systems Technology W85-70108 532.09.11 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. W85-70105 532-06-11 ADVANCED TILT ROTOR RESEARCH AND JVX PROGRAM Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. SUPPORT ROTORCRAFT SYSTEMS INTEGRATION C. T. Snyder 415-965-5066 C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-6577 (532-06-11; 505-42-11) (505-42-11; 532-09-11 ) The program will advance the state-of-the-art for tilt rotor Research conducted under this RTOP will advance rotorcraft configuration optimization and will provide technology transfer aeromechanics systems technology with an emphasis on improving support for on-going military aircraft development (JVX). The goals basic design theory, rotor and rotor/airframe aerodynamics, and of this effort are to provide simulation, wind tunnel, and flight test aeroelastic characteristics and methodology; vibration prediction data support for the joint services JVX program and to provide and control; noise prediction and control; advanced control system for advanced tilt rotor technology development for subsequent tilt concepts; advanced crew station concepts; and advanced vehicle rotor vehicle applications. Flight test work includes military mission concepts. The research involves focused and coordinated programs evaluation tests as well as terminal area and certification criteria requiring analysis, wind tunnel model testing, simulation, and flight development for the civil sector. Wind tunnel work is aimed at a testing. These programs encompass civil and military aspects of more complete understanding of the vehicle aeromechanics and advanced rotorcraff concepts which will increase performance, resultant vehicle optimization. efficiency, and productivity; reduce noise and vibration; and improve reliability. High-Performance Aircraft Systems Tech- W85-70106 532.06-13 nology Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. ROTORCRAFT VIBRATION AND NOISE Charles P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 W85-70109 533-02-01 (505-42-23) Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. The objective of this research is: to develop the technology F-18 HIGH ANGLE OF ATTACK FLIGHT RESEARCH for reducing the interior noise of helicopters through transmission/ D. H. Gatlin 805-258-3311 airframe isolation: to develop the technology for improving rotor (505-43-11 ) noise methodology and a design to a noise criteria capability The objective of" this program is to perform flight and sup- through the acquisition of acoustic data and development of noise porting ground facility research to enhance the ability to predict prediction methods; to exploit the full potential of modern analytical and exploit the high angle of attack regime in the areas of techniques such as finite element modeling analysis for predicting aerodynamics, predictive methodology and control concepts and controlling the vibration characteristics of new rotorcraft leading to enhanced agility for high performance military aircraft. vehicles during the design process; and to develop methods for Using an F/A-18 as the test vehicle, a series of ground and flight integrated analysis and design synthesis of rotorcraft, including experiments will be conducted and correlated concentrating in the applications of aeroservoelasticity to the X-wing vehicle. The noise areas of vortex flows, configuration effects and component and vibration work will be accomplished through a combination of interactions. The initial emphasis will be on parameter identification major contractural efforts that involve all major U.S. manufacturers for simulator upgrading and on the visualization of large separated of helicopter airframes in parallel with in-house research. Con- tracted efforts on vibration characteristics will include coupled vortex flows. Flight and rotary balance wind tunnel data will be integrated to produce mathematical models and predictive tech- rotor-airframe analysis, modeling of difficult components, further niques validated at extreme angles of attack. State-of-the-art control development of FEM of both sheet metal and composite airframes, techniques will be integrated with unconventional control effectors and advanced applications by the industry. Contracted efforts on noise include structural acoustics, basic aeroacoustic research, such as thrust vectoring to enhance agility at high alpha. Concurrent research will be conducted aimed at developing high alpha air system elements development, further acquisition of noise data data sensors suitable for both research and control system usage. base and noise reduction technology developments.

W85-70107 532-09-10 W85-70110 533-02-03 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. RSRAIX-WlNG ROTOR FLIGHT INVESTIGATION HIGH ANGLE-OF-ATTACK TECHNOLOGY W. H. Deckert 415-965-6576 R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 (532-03-11 ) (505-43-13) The goal of this Program is to adequately demonstrate specific The objective is to advance the state-of-the-art in high X-Wing technology such that this proof-of-concept Flight Investiga- angle-of-attack technology for high performance aircraft with tion Program coupled with the successful completion of the emphasis on: fundamental and applied aerodynamics; agility; DARPA/NASA convertible engine program and the DARPA/Army control augmentation; and experimental and computational analysis NOTAR program would provide the necessary technology base techniques. Specific objectives are: (1) to define the fundamental such that a low risk development program could be initiated for nature of vortex flows, separated flow phenomena, and component an X-Wing prototype vehicle. The X-Wing is a four-bladed ex- interference effects; (2) to define aerodynamic and propulsive tremely stiff rotor utilizing circulation control aerodynamics for lift control concepts for enhanced high-alpha stability and control; and rotor control, which is stoppable in flight. When stopped, the (3) to define agility and handling quality requirements for high-alpha rotor/wing becomes two forward swept and two aft fixed wings in conditions including post-stall maneuvers; and (4) to develop an X configuration. For the X-Wing flight experiment, one RSRA computational methods for prediction of aerodynamic characteris- will be configured as a compound helicopter using an ,X-Wing tics, flight dynamics, and piloted simulation. Methods of approach rotor system driven by two GE T-58 engines that will also drive a for these efforts include wind-tunnel tests, free-flying model tests, compressor through a modified S-61 gearbox and clutch. A digital theoretical analysis, piloted simulator studies, and flight research fly-by-wire flight control system will be developed to control the with an F-18 research vehicle at the Dryden Flight Research

17 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Facility. This effort is part of an intercenter program involving the F-4C model in the LaRC 7- by 10-Foot High-Speed Tunnel to Ames Research Center, Langley Research Center, and Dryden. determine the effects of spanwise blowing on flight characteristics.

W85-70111 533-02-11 W85-70115 533-02-43 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. ADVANCED FIGHTER TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION/F-111 VORTEX FLAP FLIGHT EXPERIMENT/F-106B (AFTI/F-111) R. E. Bower 804-865-3285 L. L. Steers 805-258-3311 (505-43-23) The objective of this program is to conduct a series of The objective of this RTOP is to reach flight validation of the experiments to verify in flight the predicted performance gains for vortex flap concept in order to instill needed confidence in its AFTI/F-111 mission adaptive wing. The flight experiments will verify durability and performance for aggressive exploitation by DOD/ the performance of active controls for load alleviation and reduced industry in preparation for advanced fighter aircraft programs. This static stability incorporated in the AFTI/F-111 mission adaptive RTOP will complete the ground-based testing, analysis, simulation wing (MAW) aircraft. Ames Dryden Flight Research Facility will and flight-related research associated with vortex flap technology operate the F-111 aircraft and conduct an investigation of the validation using the F-106 aircraft as a focus and test article. MAW as a part of the joint NASA-Air Force AFTI/F-111 program. During FY-1986 an F-106B aircraft will be outfitted with a ground Ames Dryden will participate in design reviews, develop and operate adjustable vortex flap and flown under maneuvering conditions at instrumentation, define flight test plans and have the overall transonic speeds to validate the design procedure and wind-tunnel responsibility for conducting the test program. results.

W85-70112 533-02-21 W85-70116 533-02-51 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ADVANCED FIGHTER AIRCRAFT (F-15 HIGHLY INTEGRATED POWERED LIFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY - V/STOL FLIGHT DIGITAL ELECTRONIC CONTROL) RESEARCH PROGRAM/YAV-8B B. M. Kock 805-258-3311 C. Thomas Snyder 415-965-5440 The objective is to perform flight research and related ground (505-34-01) facilities research to advance the technology for the integration of The broad objective of the YAV-8B flight research program is airframe and propulsion control systems in high performance to develop and validate the technologies required for V/STOL aircraft. This will include conducting studies for implementation aircraft to effectively operate in all mission bases. Specifically the options, developing hardware and software for flight system objectives are: (1) to develop and evaluate, in flight, advanced implementation, performing required wind tunnel tests/simulations, V/STOL aerodynamic, flight dynamics, controls and guidance, and and conducting flight investigations. Flight test data will be propulsive-lift technologies that will contribute to an improved compared to prediction methods. Documentation of the F-15 adverse weather launch and recovery operational capability; and performance improvements due to airframe/propulsion control (2) to produce an increased understanding of V/STOL controls integration will also be obtained. The airplane, with integrated and performance technologies for AV-8 and advanced V/STOL systems, will also be used as a test bed to support other aircraft. Promising concepts will be configured for flight on the experiments that capitalize on the unique airplane/systems YAV-8B aircraft and evaluated throughout the aircraft's entire flight capabilities. envelope with emphasis on takeoff, transition, hover, and landing operations. Adverse weather operating procedures will be devel- W85-70113 533-02-31 oped in conjunction with system concepts. Flying quality design Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. criteria will be defined from the results of these experiments. In F-4C SPANWlSE BLOWING FLIGHT INVESTIGATIONS addition, parameter identification, flow field, and propulsion system R. G. Bryant 805-258-3311 documentation will be conducted in flight to establish aerodynamic The overall objective is to verify, through full-scale flight tests and performance characteristics of the aircraft. These data will be with a modified F-4C airplane, the low speed and transonic correlated with theoretical predictions and wind tunnel measure- performance and the flying qualities improvements predicted by ments to produce improved aerodynamics and propulsion interac- analytical and wind tunnel studies for spanwise blowing. This tion prediction methods. program is a cooperative effort between Ames and Langley Research Centers. Factors not readily assessable in the wind tunnel W85-70117 533-02-61 will also be evaluated during the flight tests. These include the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. use of spanwise blowing for improved maneuverability, control of ADVANCED FIGHTER TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION/F-16 low-speed wing rock, alleviation of shock-induced separation M. L. Arebalo 805-258-3311 effects, and improved landing performance. Reynolds number and The overall objective of the AFTI/F-16 program is to quantify scale effects will be investigated. the benefits and penalties of the individual and integrated technologies proposed to improve weapon system effectiveness W85-70114 533-02-33 and survivability by flight demonstration of air-to-air and air-to- Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. surface offensive and defensive mission roles. The digital flight SPANWlSE BLOWING control system (DFCS), automatic maneuvering attack system P. J. Bobbitt 804-865-2961 (AMAS), and pilot-vehicle interface (PVI) technologies are being The potential improvements in aircraft maneuvering perfor- implemented in a modified F-16 to allow flight evaluations of such mance at subsonic and transonic speeds from spanwise blowing non-classical control modes as direct lift and side force, flat turn, have been investigated in wind-tunnel studies and limited flight fuselage pointing, and uncoupled independent control of aircraft tests. Optimum spanwise blowing system parameters, blowing rotation and translation. The AFTI/F-16 airplane will be flight tested locations and other factors have not been thoroughly studied, and and evaluated by a joint Ames Dryden, USAF, and contractor adequate correlations between real world flight behavior and flight test team and will be operated and maintained from Ames predictions from ground facilities tests have not been made. This Dryden facilities. program will produce validated technical data on spanwise blowing and will provide another potential option for incorporation in future W85-70118 533-02-71 advanced military aircraft. The technical objective is to study the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. application of spanwise blowing as a technique for enhancing and DECOUPLER PYLON FLIGHT EVALUATION controlling the wing leading edge vortex flow and develop the M. L. Arebalo 805-258-3311 augmented vortex technology for use on advanced aircraft at (533-02-23) high-lift conditions. The approach involves wind-tunnel tests of an To obtain maximum utilization of flighter aircraft, different types

18 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

and combinations of stores are pylon-mounted to the wings. The turbines. The experimental activities provide data required to transport of these stores can result in reduced flutter speeds or accurately develop the analytical models. In addition, experimental flutter placards with a corresponding degradation in mission testing will enable demonstration of the validity of the models and effectiveness. The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) has superiority over current methods. developed a decoupler pylon which suppresses wing/store flutter in wind tunnel tests. The decoupler pylon dynamically isolates the W85-70122 533-05-12 wing from the store pitch inertia effects. The decoupler pylon is Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. effective in suppressing wing/store flutter in transonic wind tunnel STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR ADVANCED TURBINE tests on the F-16 and YF-17 flutter models. These results have ENGINES encouraged NASA to conduct a program to flight test the decoupler R. B. Lancashire 216-433-6489 pylon. A feasibility study and conceptual design, conducted under The overall objective of this project is to develop the technology contract, have established that the decoupler pylon concept can base required to apply structural ceramic materials to advanced be implemented in flight hardware for testing on the F-16 aircraft. turbine engines. The effort covered by this RTOP is interdisciplinary General Dynamics has fabricated a decoupler pylon for the F-16 in nature. It integrates research and technology development in aircraft under contract to LaRC. Flight tests of the decoupler pylon materials/processing, design methodologies and life prediction for will be conducted under this RTOP. both monolithic and ceramic matrix composites. It will include a range of contracts, grants, and an expanded in-house research W05-70119 533-02-81 program to define and improve the processing variables that control Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ceramic material reliability. The work in the early years of this FORWARD SWEPT WING (X-29A) effort will concentrate on obtaining improved ceramic material W. J. Sefic 805-258-3311 properties. The work in the later years of this effort will focus on The objective is to provide technical advisory support, con- evaluation of time dependent properties and maintaining the duct analysis, wind tunnel tests, simulations, ground facility tests improved ceramic material properties. The approach to this program and flight tests in order to discharge responsibilities established in will be to systematically study the variables involved in ceramic the NASA/DARPA Memorandum of Agreement concerning the material processing, to apply non-destructive evaluation as a Forward Swept Wing Program. Ames Dryden will provide technical research tool to better understand processing, and, finally, to support through participation in design reviews, independent evaluate material properties both in modulus of rupture sized test analysis, ground tests, flight certification and readiness reviews bars and in larger shapes to demonstrate the scale up potential and through the implementation of a high fidelity real-time piloted of the technology. The technology developed under this RTOP simulation at Ames Dryden. Ames Dryden will also provide will permit the application of ceramic materials to a wide range of approval of quality assurance plans and will provide proven flight aerospace propulsion and power systems. test instrumentation from the Ames Dryden inventory.

W85-70120 533-02-01 Subsonic Aircraft Systems Technology Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. OBLIQUE WING RESEARCH AIRCRAFT C. R. Jarvis 805-258-3311 W85-70123 534-06-13 (505-34-11) Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The objective of this RTOP is to develop the concept of an TRANSPORT COMPOSITE PRIMARY STRUCTURES oblique wing airplane which shows promise for efficient transonic H. L. Bohon 804-865-3081 and supersonic operations. Feasibility studies applying this concept (534-06-23) to specific applications have shown that significant reductions in The primary objective of the Transport Composite Primary aircraft structural weight can be achieved over designs using Structures (TCPS) program is to develop technology for and conventional variable sweep wing technology. Flight test results accelerate the introduction of composite material in wing and with a subsonic oblique wing research aircraft also indicate no fuselage components of U.S. military and commercial transport aerodynamic or flying qualities problems that would preclude aircraft. The program will provide generic design approaches and transonic or supersonic applications. An important step in proving structural data required to achieve a level of technology maturity the oblique wing concept is to produce a full scale, manned test in the application of heavily loaded, post-buckled, strength critical, aircraft capable of operating in the transonic and supersonic speed safety-of-flight composite structures to large transport vehicles. range. The NASA F-8 Digital Fly-by-Wire research aircraft is well The development of the technology data base is required to suited as a test bed for this program because of its high wing understand the unique characteristics of composite primary configuration, three-point wing attach arrangement, Digital Fly-by- structures and the interactions with operational loads, environmen- Wire Flight Control System, airborne instrumentation system as tal exposure, and systems effects. Analytical capabilities will be well as Iron-Bird and ground-based simulation facilities. developed, as required, to reliably model composite structural characteristics and accurately predict failure modes and loads under W85-70121 533-04-12 realistic conditions. The development of technology applicable to Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. composite empennage structure will continue under an existing TURBINE ENGINE HOT SECTION TECHNOLOGY (HOST) contract with a transport manufacturer. PROJECT D. E. Sokolowski 216-433-6910 W85-70124 534-06-23 The overall objective of this effort is to improve durability of Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. combustor liners and turbine vanes and blades for advanced aircraft COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES turbine engines by improved life prediction during the design C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 process. Life prediction systems will be made more effective by (505-33-33) improving system elements which characterize fundamental The objective of this research is to develop the technology behavior. These elements include models for the behavior of required to achieve the full weight reduction potential of advanced materials at high temperatures and cyclically loaded, aerodynamics, filamentary composites applied to airplane structures. Primary heat transfer, and nonlinear finite element structural analyses. The emphasis will be placed on understanding the fracture behavior effort consists of contract, grant, and in-house research, both of composites, particularly the rapid growth of damage induced analytical and experimental in nature, in six technical disciplines. by low-velocity impacts of loaded structure. Experiments and The analytical activities are those needed by industry and include analytical studies will be used to relate material performance to computerized models, some of which describe the environments constituent properties. Mechanisms of material toughening will be and complex thermal and mechanical loading in combustors and studied and the results used to guide new material development.

19 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Structural concepts for enhancing damage tolerance will be Space Research and Technology Base developed, analyzed and verified through tests of panels and built-up structural components. The efficiency of bolted and bonded joints will be compared for both static and repeated (fatigue) Fluid and Thermal Physics Research and loading. Concepts for efficiently and reliably joining composites will be developed. The cure mechanics of new resin systems will Technology be studied and techniques developed to assure consistent quality of laminated parts. Noise control methodology for advanced composite material structures will be developed. W85-70127 506-51-11 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL AEROTHERMODY- Advanced Propulsion Systems Technol- NAMICS V. L. Peterson 415-965-5065 ogy (505-31-01; 506-53-31; 506-63-39) The objective is to establish aerothermodynamic technology and configuration design concepts to improve vehicle safety, reliability, versatility, and aerodynamic efficiency with maximum payload for Earth-orbital missions and planetary exploration. W85-70125 535-03-12 Advanced computational methods and computer codes will be Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. developed for predicting vehicle flow fields and performance. Flow ADVANCED TURBOPROP TECHNOLOGY models (used in these computer codes) will be developed from G. K. Sievers 216-433-4000 building block numerical and physical experiments. Aerothermody- (505-45-58) namic studies will be performed of aero-assisted orbital transfer The objective of the Advanced Turboprop Systems effort is to vehicles (AOTV) and advanced maneuvering entry vehicles. Flight evaluate at large-scale, propeller and related drive system data for existing reentry vehicles will be analyzed. The use of the components and systems critical to the efficient, reliable, and Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) will be investigated at acceptable operation of future advanced, high-speed, turboprop- subsonic and transonic speeds by the Dryden Flight Research powered aircraft. Both single-retating and counter-rotating propeller Facility. systems are being evaluated. A major emphasis in the program is the design, fabrication, and flight test of an advanced single-rotating 9-foot diameter propeller, powered by an available gas-turbine W85-70128 506-51-13 engine with a modified existing gearbox, to evaluate and correlate Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. propeller structural integrity and cabin environment. Also included ENTRY VEHICLE AEROTHERMODYNAMICS in this effort is subscale model testing of testbed aircraft configura- G. D. Walberg 804-865-3887 tions with wing-mount turboprop installations, in direct support of The objective of this effort is to improve the fundamental the large-scale design activity. Another major emphasis is the understanding of aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic flow evaluation of large-scale counter-rotating propellers and their phenomena over entry vehicles in the continuum, transitional, and unique drive systems. Advanced gearbox technology will also be rarefied flow regimes. Results of this work will permit significant addressed by designing and rig testing gearbox components and advances in capabilities, reliability, versatility, and efficiency of assemblies in order to establish a design data base for this critical future space transportation vehicles. The intent is to conduct element of conventional drive systems. fundamental and applied research using wind tunnels, flight data, and analytical techniques to expand the data base and the pertinent technologies beyond that established for shuttle. Specific studies will be directed toward the solution of aerothermodynamic problems Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation associated with Earth-to-orbit and orbital transfer vehicles, including aerodynamic performance, viscous interaction and real gas effects, vortex interactions, heat transfer, basic configuration shaping, and the development of computational techniques using both continuum flow and noncontinuum flow assumptions. These techniques will W85-70126 536-01-11 be applied to analyze the flows about complex, three-dimensional, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. high angle-of-attack configurations representative of advanced NUMERICAL AERODYNAMIC SIMULATION (NAS) PROGRAM space transportation systems; the rarefied flow entry of aeroas- F. R. Bailey 415-965-6419 sisted OTV's, to space station drag, and to contamination from The objectives of the NAS Program are to develop a computer propulsion exhaust products. resource that will act as the pathfinder in advanced, large-scale computer system capability through systematic incorporation of W85-70129 506-51-14 state-of-the-art improvements in computer hardware and software Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. technologies; provide a national computational capability, available ENTRY VEHICLE LASER PHOTODIAGNOSTICS to NASA, DOD, industry, other Government agencies, and universi- R. /. Mckenzie 415-965-6158 ties, as a necessary element in insuring continuing leadership in (506-54-11 ) computational fluid dynamics and related disciplines; and to provide The general objective is to perform the laboratory research a powerful research tool for OAST. The NAS Program consists of and development leading to on-board laser instrumentation for three major elements: the NAS Processing System Network entering space-craft, such as the Space Shuttle, that will allow (NPSN), Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation Facility (NASF) to the remote optical measurement of local ambient atmosphere and house the NPSN and support personnel, and the management space-craft flow-field properties. Modern laser technology and and operation of the NPSN/NASF complex. This RTOP supports photodiagnostic techniques are to be applied. The results will overall NAS Program planning, NPSN development, implementa- support a broad range of long-term scientific objectives for flight tion, integration and test. This RTOP does not support NASF experiments, in the fields of both stratosphere physics and construction nor the NAS operations. The NPSN development is aerothermodynamics. The unique scientific capabilities offered by organized into three major phases in a building block approach. the combination of entry vehicle flight conditions and short-range Phase 1 - network prototype development; Phase 2 - initial laser optical sensing will be emphasized. In the near-term, operating configuration development; and Phase 3 - extended laboratory research will be performed to develop, verify, and operating configuration development. implement the application of a UV laser system on board the

2O OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Space Shuttle, for the accurate measurement of local at- Materials and Structures Research and mosphere density along the flight path during entry. Technology

W85-70130 506-51-17 W85-70133 506-53-11 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. AEROBRAKING ORBITAL TRANSFER VEHICLE FLOWFIELD SURFACE PHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT J. O. Arnold 415-965-6209 C. D. Scott 713-483-3905 (505-37-01) Flowfield simulations based on numerical solutions to the The objective is to provide a detailed understanding of the equations governing the flow of 3-D viscous, compressible, reacting mechanisms which control the properties of matter over a wide air have provided benchmark heating and shock layer predictions range of environments. This understanding is leading to the for both the orbiter thermal protection system (TPS) design and development of new materials and processes needed by the post-flight data analysis. Although the experience gained in using Agency. In surface physics, chemical properties of metal-metal this advanced flow field simulation capability for design purposes and metal-non metal interfaces are being determined by auger was a positive one, the complexity of the orbiter flow field electron spectroscopy. Gas-surface interactions are being studied challenged both the numerical and physical aspects of this by measuring surface reactions on macroscopic and microscopic capability. Because of the severity of the environment, the stable metal surfaces. Electronic and other physical properties of small temperature limitations of surface materials in this environment, atomic clusters (10 to 10,000 atoms) are being measured. In and the anticipated complexity of an aerobraking OTV flow field, computational chemistry, the physiochemical properties of mole- the current flow field capability must be improved in the areas of cules and small atomic clusters (2 to 66 atoms) are being calculated computational efficiency, accuracy, and physical fidelity which will from first principles. The quantum mechanical results are extrapo- help to enable a reusable TPS design. To this end, the objectives lated by classical mechanics to determine surface and bulk of this RTOP are to: (1) determine production and rate of disposition properties of materials. Improvements in precision, code optimiza- of excited molecules formed in the gas phase and from catalytic tion, computers, and methods are allowing larger systems to be recombination on relevant TPS surfaces; and (2) determine the studied, requiring smaller extrapolations to compare with experi- effects of gas phase and surface reactions on heat flux on TPS ment and to obtain surface and bulk properties. These results are surfaces for an AOTV. The approach will include numerical flow used to study crack initiation and propagation, chemisorption, field simulations that parametrically established the sensitivity of corrosion, catalysis, and physical properties of polymers. heating rate predictions to varying chemical reaction assumptions, and laboratory experiments in flow tube reactors and arc jet facilities W85-70134 506-53-12 to establish reaction dynamics information. This information will Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. be incorporated into the flow field codes for use in establishing MATERIALS SClENCE-NDE AND TRIBOLOGY the most realistic heating environment and TPS design for an S. J. Grisaffe 216-433-4000 AOTV. (506-33-12; 506-33-32) The objectives of this RTOP are to develop greater under- standing of materials with aerospace propulsion and power potential W85-70131 506-51-23 and to develop guidelines for improving their physical/mechanical Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. properties and reliability. Fundamental studies are aimed at AEROTHERMAL LOADS investigating mechanical and other factors that limit material C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 reliability, performance, and useful life. Fundamental studies are (506-51-13; 506-53-33) also aimed at identifying scientific concepts that might be applied The primary objective of this effort is to identify and under- to substantially improve aerospace materials. The research stand flow phenomena and flow/surface interaction parameters includes: part 1, material properties/performance enhancement via required to define detailed aerothermal loads for structural design. innovative application of nondestructive evaluation concepts/ The secondary objective of this effort is to develop and validate models for characterization of microstructure and mechanical analysis and test methods for the prediction and verification of properties. This involves advanced nondestructive evaluation structural response in thermal environments for use in the support technology that goes beyond defect detection and characterization. of design and qualification of aerospace vehicles. Effects of wavy The objective, therefore, is to develop technology for assessing surfaces, coves, gaps, protuberances, wing/body and wing/ material properties as well as diverse flaw populations that govern elevon junctions will be studied in wind tunnel tests. Selected or influence mechanical behavior, reliability, and residual life. Part problems will be studied analytically. Some effort will also be 2, understanding of the basics of friction, wear, adhesion, thin film focused on mass addition cooling effects on flow phenomena with liquid lubrication, and the chemistry and morphology of solid initial emphasis on conical shapes. lubricants. The work will focus on new tribological materials such as amorphous alloys and single as well as polycrystalline ceramics subjected to temperaures ranging from room to 1200 C (in terms W85-70132 506-51-41 of chemical, morphological, and tribological characteristics. The Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. analytical and experimental results of both parts of this RTOP will THERMO-GASDYNAMIC TEST COMPLEX OPERATIONS have far reaching practical applications for a wide range of Frank J. Centolanzi 415-965-5269 aerospace materials, structures, and components. (506-51-11; 506-53-31; 506-63-39) This RTOP covers the operation, maintenance, repair, and W85-70135 506-53-15 improvement of the facilities of the thermo-gasdynamic test Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. complex. These facilities consist of: the arc-jet complex, 3.5-foot FUNDAMENTALS OF MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COM- hypersonic wind tunnel, high Reynolds number channels, ballistic POSITE MATRICES AND MECHANISMS OF CORROSION IN range facilities, and the electric arc shock tube facility. The objective HYDRAZlNE of this effort is to provide aerodynamic and thermal testing in Amitava Gupta 818-354-5783 support of research and technology programs for NASA, the The long term objective of this task is to develop a fundamen- Department of Defense, other government agencies, and industry. tal understanding at the molecular level of the behavior of polymers Program areas supported include generic research applicable to with major emphasis on candidate composite matrix materials. Both spacecraft thermal protection systems, planetary entry aerother- thermosets and thermoplastics will be studied to correlate molecular modynamics, fluid dynamics (including boundary layers) and parameters with the observed mechanical properties. In the experimental verification of various computer codes. thermosetting polymers, the FY-85 objectives are to assess the

21 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY effect of addition of a tough thermoplastic to a model thermoset, comparable with that encountered in near Earth orbit; perform both on its cure characteristics and on its physical response. The flight experiments on polymers of specific chemical structure and approach will involve utilization of high resolution as well as solid morphology in order to validate the oxygen atom interaction model state NMR and ESR spectroscopy to characerize the cure developed previously; and initiate investigation of long term effects process, and measurement of the stress-strain response of the of exposure to energetic oxygen atoms on metal matrix composites. modified resins. In thermoplastics, the FY-85 objectives are to For both tasks the approach will involve time resolved spectro- measure the physical response of a model thermoplastic under scopic measurements in the micro-nanosecond time scale in order torsion and torsion-tension loading conditions, and determine the to determine the chemical structure of the primary intermediates segmental relaxation processes involved in strain energy dissipao involved, and the rate of their conversion into secondary degrada- tion. A second FY-85 objective is to develop and utilize novel tion products. Additionally in task 2 polymers fluorinated at certain pulsed magnetic resonances techniques in order to probe specific specific sites will be synthesized and flown aboard the shuttle molecular relaxation. The general technical objective is to de- (e.g., STS-14) in order to determine long term degradation rates. velop a short-term test method to predict the long-term behavior of metals in the presence of liquid rocket propellants, both fuels W85-70138 506-53-27 and oxidizers. An accelerated test method which can be validated Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tax. by comparison with the long-term data is to be developed for HYPERVELOClTY IMPACT RESISTANCE OF COMPOSITE candidate storge materials. The initial effort will concentrate on MATERIALS the hydrazine/metal experiments. Experimental conditions will be J. L. Crews 713-483-5171 selected to minimize extraneous variable and to determine the Composite materials are being used in spacecraft structures kinetics of corrosion and activation parameters. As a result of the on an increasing scale. In orbit, these materials may be exposed problems with the APUs on the Columbia in STS-9, additional to hypervelocity impacts with meteoroids and space debris at consideration must be given to the environmental factors such as relative velocities of 20km/sec and 10km/sec respectively. Past the presence of air and the ambient temperatures existing during research has defined the hypervelocity impact resistance of re-entry. aluminum alloys, but little or nothing is known about the properties of composite materials. A series of tests is planned to define the W85-70136 506-53-23 hypervelocity impact properties of a number of composite materials and some simple structures made of the composites. These tests Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. SPACE DURABLE MATERIALS will provide an engineering design criteria for the use of composites C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 in structures exposed to the meteoroid/debris environment. Several materials will be selected for intensive tests, using a large light (505-33-23; 505-33-33) The objective of this research is to provide the technology gas gun at Ames Research Center to impact projectiles up to necessary to assure the timely availability of materials for space- 2 cm diameter at approximately 7km/sec, and a small light gas craft, large area space structures, and advanced space transporta- gun at Johnson Space Center to impact smaller projectiles. tion systems. Emphasis is placed on establishing the performance capability of polymer films and composites in the radiation W85-70139 506-53-31 environment of space, characterizing the thermomechanical stability Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. of metal and polymer matrix composites, developing concepts to THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS provide thermal control coatings with tailored optical and electri- EVALUATION cal properties, and understanding the behavior of composites to H. E. Goldstein 415-965-6103 improve their damage tolerance. Current and advanced polymer (506-51-11; 506-63-39; 506-51-41 ) films and composites will be subjected to laboratory simulated The objective is to provide thermal protection systems (TPS) space radiation (proton, electron, UV, etc.) to establish overall concepts and materials for heat shields to protect Earth and material performance and to identify radiation damage mechanisms. planetary entry vehicles during atmospheric entry. The specific Precision experimental and analytical techniques will be developed objectives are to develop concepts and materials for aerobraking to characterize the thermomechanical stability of composite orbital transfer vehicles and transatmospheric vehicles; develop materials. Sputter coating techniques will be developed to tailor improved materials and minimum weight TPS to enhance the Space metallic/oxide thermal control coating having desired emittance/ Shuttle and enable fully reusable advanced space transportation absorptance and durability features. A generic methodology will systems development; develop planetary probe and solar probe be established for prediction of the fracture strength of composites heat shield materials and determine methods to minimize heat as well as concepts to achieve improved damage tolerance. shield weights; develop concepts and heat shield materials for safe Earth entry of radioactive power sources; support DOD W85-70137 506-53-25 requirements. Candidate thermal protection concepts and materials Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. are chosen and subjected to systematic analysis and testing to EFFECTS OF SPACE ENVIRONMENT ON COMPOSITES qualify them for the defined end use. Extensive unique Ames arc Amitava Gupta 818-354-5783 plasma test facilities are used in the experimental evaluations. The long range objective is to utilize pulsed charged and Analytical studies are performed utilizing unique environmental neutral particle beams (e.g., electrons, protons, and oxygen atoms) computer codes developed by ARC that include detailed models of beth the aerothermal environmental and material response to and UV photons along with advanced spectroscopic and analytical techniques to gain an understanding of the primary degradation obtain in-depth understanding of the material characteristics. Materials are often developed as a result of these studies to processes caused by the space environment in polymeric and composite materials. This information coupled with conventional meet the ever more stringent requirements for atmospheric entry test data will be used to develop a reliable methodology for thermal protection. estimation of the long term effects of the space environment on such materials. This RTOP will be divided into two tasks. In task W85-70140 506-53-33 1, the FY-85 objectives are to: (1) initiate a detailed investigation Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. of the effect of the synergism between energetic electrons and THERMAL STRUCTURES UV photons in order to develop guidelines for multistress tests; C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 (2) determine the primary energy dissipation processes involved (506-51-23) in interaction of near and vacuum UV photons with model polymers; The objectives of this research are to provide primary structure and (3) demonstrate the stabilization concept developed previously and thermal protection system materials and concepts for advanced in the prototype thermoset material TGDDM-DDS. In task 2, the space transportation systems that provide improved durability and objectives are to design, build and demonstrate a pulsed oxygen operational costs compared to the current FRSI, LI-900 and atom beam with a flux and translational energy distribution LI-2200 RSI systems. Materials research includes development,

22 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY characterization,andenhancement.Developmenteffortswillbe beam (mini MAST), develop candidate control techniques for focusedon fabricabilityof advancedcarbon-carbon (ACC). nonlinear systems, and develop 3-D multibody transient analysis Characterization effort will be focused on foil gage titanium, ODS techniques. alloys and superalloys, and thin gage ACC. Enhancement efforts will be focused on emittance, creep, oxidation and strength for W85-70144 506-53-45 titanium, superalloys, and ACC. Inhouse and contract research on Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. structures for future space transportation systems will include LARGE DEPLOYABLE REFLECTOR (LDR) PANEL DEVELOP- fabrication of test panels for cryogenic tankage and small MENT component test of advanced carbon-carbon structures. TPS P. N. Swanson 818-354-3273 concepts research includes metallic prepackaged and ACC post (1.59-41-01) supported standoff concepts. These concepts will be evaluated in The objective of this RTOP is to continue the development of various Langley high temperature wind tunnels and will be subjected high surface precision structural composite reflector panels, based to other types of tests such as foreign object impact and radiant on results of the recent JPL accomplishments, for a class of heating. Arc tunnel and other facilities will be used as required to antenna concepts for a large (10-30m) orbiting telescope for validate and certify TPS for multimission use. Heat shield testing submillimeter and far infrared (50 micron to 1 ram) astronomy. support to the current STS program will be provided. Studies of submillimeter observatory concepts and results from a NASA sponsored workshop on LDR technology clearly identifies the W85-70141 506-53-40 reflector panel as a critical and enabling technology for LDR. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. major contributions to reflector panels surface error include: (1) ADVANCED SPACE STRUCTURES AND DYNAMICS manufacturing tolerances; (2) on-orbit thermal distortions; and (3) Samuel L. Venneri 202-453-2747 long term material dimensional stability. JPL is initiating develop- The objective of this RTOP is to develop a wide range of ment of: LDR panel designs through a combination of (1) materials analytic tools and experimental techniques for use in the design, characterization; (2) structural/thermal analysis; (3) thermal/vac- development, and analysis of the structures and structural dynamics uum testing of high precision graphite/epoxy panels; (4) refinement of complex spacecraft and space structures. The program will be of analytical models; and (5) the determination of materials proper- structured to foster innovative engineering solutions and design ties and configurations required to produce thermally stable struc- concepts for such vehicles. A number of key structural integrity tural composite panels. Preliminary results of this development will issues will be addressed in order to develop the understanding be available for the LDR workshop scheduled for the spring of 1985. and tools needed for the next generation of space structural design The proposed approach for this RTOP is to continue the develop- concepts. ment of the thermally stable designs for graphite/epoxy panels through a combination of analytical modeling, fabrication, and test- W85-70142 506-53-41 ing. This would involve (1) initiation of composite materials laminate Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. analysis; (2) initiation of constituent composite materials laboratory TECHNOLOGY FOR LARGE SEGMENTED MIRRORS IN characterization; (3) thermal analysis; (4) initiation of structural SPACE analytical characterization; (5) initiation job procurement of high R. K. Melugin 415-965-6530 precision graphite/epoxy panels; (6) laboratory and thermal testing (159-41-01; 506-62-21) of characteristic small sample pieces of proposed panel design; and The objective of this RTOP is the development of the technol- (7) sample thermal/vacuum test. ogy required for the design, fabrication, and test of lightweight mirror segments for large segmented mirrors in space. The Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) is a prime candidate for this technology. W85-70145 506-53-49 The LDR is an orbiting 10- to 30-meter telescope for IR and Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. submillimeter astronomy. Conceptual and system studies for the ADVANCED SPACE STRUCTURES PLATFORM STRUCTURAL LDR have identified top level drivers on the telescope such as CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT aperture, primary mirror focal ratio and mass per unit area, and E. E. Engler 205-453-3958 image quality. From these drivers, it was concluded that an Develop the integrated structural systems that support a (LEO) assessment of lightweight mirror segment technology was needed. space station thrust. The work defined by this plan shall be A study by Perkin-Elmer to assess the capabilities of existing mirror constrair_ed/bounded by the following parameters and considera- segment technologies was completed. It identified basic character- tions: The structural concepts developed will be STS (Shuttle) istics and design requirements for LDR mirror segments. It surveyed compatible for both transport and construction. The preferred a wide range of currently available and developmental materials method of construction will be deployable/erectable, i.e., deploy- and several fabrication techniques. Fabrication and test subscale able modules that may be assembled or erected into a variety of and full-scale segments will provide crucial data for the tradeoffs geometric forms. This method will enhance the evolutionary growth ultimately leading to the choice of the mirror segment technology of large space systems. Structural concepts will be developed to .for the mission. accommodate two basic structural forms: (1) linear/area structures, and (2) deployable volumetric structures. The premise is that area W85-70143 506-53-43 structure may be constructed from linear elements. The structural Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. system concepts will be designed for deployment, assembly, ADVANCED SPACE STRUCTURES operation, maintenance and repair in LEO. The designs will be C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 based on using an optimized mix of man (EVA) and machine for Research will be performed on structures for future spacecraft the construction functions. The goal of the program is to develop, including platforms, antennas, and space station, and to provide demonstrate, and document (by 1986) evidence of advanced for the ground test program for MAST. Capability for identification structures technology that will enable the capability of a space station mission. of structural parameters and for controlling excessive vibrations of flexible structures will be investigated. Analytical methods for predicting coupled structural dynamics and control of multibody W85-70146 506-53-51 space structures with flexible components, interfaces and dissipa- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. tive mechanisms will be developed and validated. A contractual STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS effort will be initiated to develop and deliver the MAST structures/ A. L. Carter 805-258-3311 controls flight experiment. Flight qualified experiment hardware for The objective of this activity involves the development of STS integration will be completed for ACCESS. FY-1985 thrusts improved laboratory and flight experimental technqiues, correlation are: complete ACCESS flight experiment, develop CAD capability of measured results with analytical predictions and demonstration for evolutionary space station research, begin tests of prototype of new structural concepts for thermal structures.

23 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70147 506-53-53 W85-70150 506-53-59 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. MULTIDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION FOR SPACE VEHICLE STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES SYNTHESIS METHODS Robert H. Tolson 804-865-2887 R. S. Ryan 205-453-2481 (505-33-53) The objective is to reduce the high costs and schedule delays The objective of this RTOP is to develop basic interdisciplinary due to structural dynamic response phenomena during the methodologies for multidisciplinary analysis of aerospace systems. development of future spacecraft. Dynamics considerations have Specifically, fundamental research will be performed in the been critical for several recent NASA projects. The frequency range, development and validation of optimization algorithms and sensitiv- number of modes, and model fidelity requirements have consistently ity analysis for space structures. The approach will be to develop been greater than those believed at project conception. A large methodology for performing sensitivity analysis with respect to number of costly hardware failures have occurred and design shape design variables, to evaluate the effects of sensing errors changes made at late stages of the projects. Structural dynamic on optional control of a flexible structure, and to couple nonlinear considerations are expected to be even more critical for future programming techniques, modern structural analysis, and sensitivity projects due to fundamental physical principles. Two ongoing tasks analysis to develop optimization methodology for advanced space are proposed for the development of improved prediction meth- structure design. ods. Task 1: Load combinations for Design of STS Payload Components - Present methods are too conservative and no industry-wide standard exists. Very significant payload improve- ments should be possible. Task 2: Modal Modeling and Testing - An investigation into the properties of classical modes, complex modes, modes with closely spaced frequencies, and identification W85-70148 506-53-55 of modes from tests. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. SPACE VEHICLE DYNAMICS METHODOLOGY J. A. Garba 818-354-2085 The long-term objective is to perform basic research in structural dynamics related to future NASA space missions. The research will primarily focus on technology directly applicable to Space Station. A secondary objective is the development of Computer Science and Electronics Re- methods for the improved prediction of low frequency spacecraft search and Technology dynamics using ground test and flight data. The emphasis of the research is shifting from the low frequency loads prediction methods for Shuttle payloads to the structural dynamics issues of Space Station design and verification. The objectives of the research in support of the Space Station type structural systems are to develop new methods for the analysis and synthesis of large complex structural systems. The approach will be to develop methods for the identification of structural parameters to improve W85-70151 506-54-10 the controllability, and to develop optimization methodology National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. accounting for both structural and control parameters. The ADVISORY GROUP ON ELECTRON DEVICES (AGED) application of recent advances in computer technology to the Martin M. Sokoloski 202-453-2864 analytical techniques will be investigated. The objectives of the The objective of this program is to provide effective coordination low frequency dynamic payload response research are to reduce of NASA-sponsored research and development efforts on electronic the cost of the STS payload integration analyses, to improve the devices and systems with similar work supported by DOD and accuracy of such analyses and to identity the requirements for other government agencies. Through associate membership on research for future missions. The approach will be to improve the Advisory Group on Electron Devices and its constituent working methods for the prediction of upper bound payload member loads groups, NASA program managers receive expert advice on the and to evaluate these methods using flight data. The activities in feasibility, currency, and soundness of planned Research and this RTOP will be coordinated with NASA Headquarters, other Development procurement activities, long ranging Research and NASA centers, the Dynamic, Acoustic and Thermal Environment Development requirements, complementary work in other govern- (DATE) Working Group, the Space Systems Technical Advisory ment agencies, and forecasts of new technical developments. Committee (SSTAC), and related activities sponsored by the Department of Defense (DOD), specifically the Air Force (AF).

W85-70149 506-53-57 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. W85-70153 506-54-15 MICROPROCESSOR CONTROLLED MECHANISM TECHNOL- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. OGY SOLID STATE DEVICE AND ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYS- W. K. Creasy 713-483-2561 ICS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (506-64-27) J. Maserjian 818-354-3801 The objective of this RTOP is to evaluate and define the This RTOP consists of four main thrusts in electronics research performance and design characteristics of microprocessor con- and technology: (1) Solid State Device Research (J. Maserjian, trolled space mechanisms. Laboratory tests of breadboard smart Coordinator). This subtask consists of MBE growth of superlattices mechanism elements, including a variety of internal and external and other modulated semiconductor structures that offer exciting sensors, will be used to evaluate smart mechanism control prospects for new device breakthroughs in opto-electronics. Also stability, accuracy, and range. A prototype smart actuator, included is submillimeter component development (using advanced representative of space station applications, will be fabricated and device concepts) and a radiation effects task, CRESS. The key subjected to proof-of-concept ground testing. individuals are J. Maserjian, F. J. and P. J. Grunthaner, R. Tell,

24 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

M.H.Hecht,B.F. Lewis, H. M. Pickett, and M. G. Buehler. W85-70156 506-54-23 (2) Optical Signal Processing (S. T. Eng, coordinator). Optical Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. processing of large amounts of remotely-sensed data is needed REMOTE SENSOR SYSTEM RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY to enable and enhance new NASA scientific missions. This task Richard Nelms 804-865-3761 applies optical processing concepts to SAR and imaging data, The objective of this RTOP is to advance tunable, all solid and includes development and testing of new ideas. The key state laser technology to improve measurements of atmospheric individuals are T. J. Bicknell, J. B. Breckinridge, and A. R. properties from space platforms. The properties of Ti:AI203 Johnston. (3) integrated Optics (S. T. Eng, coordinator). This task (titanium doped sapphire) will be investigated to determine investigates new optical technology for very high bandwidth (GHz) scalability to high pulse energy. The Ti:AI203 laser rods will be real time signal processing and optoelectronics systems with pumped with a dye laser to study the characteristics of a integrated optics implementation. Quantum well devices, mono- Ti:Sapphire laser. The dye laser will be capable of producing short lithic and hybrid integrated optics, electroabsorption spatial light and long pulses for pumping the laser rod with pulse durations modulators, and optical interconnections for VLSI optoelectronics from 1 micro sec down to 30 nsec for different remote sensing circuits are included. The key individual is S. T. Eng. (4) Atomic applications. With short pulses, gain switched operation is possible and Molecular Physics (S. Trajmar, coordinator). This task is to and for longer pulses a different mechanism may occur. Particular generate laboratory data on the interactions of atoms, molecules, attention will be given to mode coupling between the Ti medium ions, electrons, and photons with each other and with material and the pumping laser. Methods of tuning and doubling the Ti surfaces. Cross sections for collision and absorption processes, laser for broad wavelength coverage will be developed. Optical spectroscopic information, and basic understanding of these properties of Ti:Sapphire and new laser materials will be investi- interactions are obtained in support of a wide range of NASA gated spectroscopically. Absorption and fluorescence spectra, missions. Key individuals are S. Trajmar, S. Srivastava, A. fluorescence lifetimes, and gain will be measured using a tunable Chutjian, and J. Laudenslager. dye laser as a source. Group theoretical and quantum chemical models will be developed to calculate crystal field splittings and vibronic interactions. These will be developed in cooperation with W85-70154 506-54-21 the Langley computational chemistry group and the Christopher Newport Physics Department. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. FAR IR DETECTOR, CRYOGENICS, AND OPTICS RESEARCH C. R. McCreight 415-965-6549 (506-62-21; 423-30-01; 159-41-06) W85-70157 506-54-25 The objective of this RTOP is to develop advanced infrared Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. detection systems for astronomical research. This program will SENSOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY provide the sensing and sensor support technology for low- and H. M. Pickett 818-354-6861 moderate-background applications throughout the infrared (IR) This RTOP 'has the objective of providing sensor technology spectrum (2 to 200 micrometers). It will benefit programs such as for terrestrial, planetary and astronomical applications using space the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) and the Large stations, dedicated satellites and deep space probes. The approach Deployable Reflector (LDR). In the detector and detector array is to perform research and development in accordance with the area, existing < 30 micrometer arrays will be obtained, char- following technical thrusts: (A) Submillimeter Detectors and acterized, and optimized. Concepts for > 30 micrometer arrays Sources: 1. Far-infrared Detectors (V. Hadek, 354-7054) - develop- will be developed. Detailed laboratory tests will be followed by ment of advanced photoconductive detectors for submillimeter technology demonstrations on ground-based infrared telescopes. radiation. 2. SIS Mixers (P. Zimmermann, 354-7777; J. Lambe, An additional objective is to develop a fundamental understanding 354-8238) development of superconductor-insulator- of cryogenic systems and advanced optics. Besides SIRTF and superconductor mixers using Niobium alloys and magnetic supres- LDR, this work is applicable to the space station, orbital transfer sion. 3. Submillimeter L. O. Sources (H. Pickett, 354-6861) - vehicles, and gravity probe B. The development of on-orbit development of advanced harmonic generators for use at 600 GHz cryogen resupply techniques, efficient means of long-term storage and 2000 GHz. (B) Tunable U. V. Lasers: (J. Laudenslager, of cryogens in space, advanced refrigerators for < 1 Kelvin 354-2259) - development of excimer laser sources for use in remote cooling, and the effects of thermal environments on mirror sensing. (C) Innovative CCD Devices: (S. Collins, 354-7393) - performance are also included. The activities will blend analysis development of techniques to use CCDs in the ultraviolet and with component development and demonstration. X-ray regions. (D) Advanced Radar Components Development: (W. Brown, 354-2110) - development of advanced radar components for future NASA SAR missions. W85-70155 506-54-22 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. SUBMILLIMETER WAVE BACKWARD WAVE OSCILLATORS W85-70158 506-54-26 R. E. Alexovich 216-433-6689 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. (606-54-42) DETECTORS, SENSORS, COOLERS, MICROWAVE COMPO- The objective of this RTOP is to provide through research, NENTS AND LIDAR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY design data and developments of materials and methods, the M. Mumma 301-344-6994 technology base for the development of voltage tunable local The objective is to produce an array of high quantum efficiency oscillator sources, capable of approximately I milli-watt output in high energy resolution X-ray detectors capable of imaging X-ray the frequency range between 600 to 2000 GHz. The approach sources at energies above 1 Kev by utilizing deep diode technology; taken pursues the development of voltage tunable, electron beam to develop components for IR heterodyne spectrometers for use excited Backward Wave Oscillators (BWO), with an expected in the study of electromagnetic radiation from remote sources at frequency tuning range (by voltage tuning) of approx. -t- or - 10% wavelengths between 15 and 30 micron; to develop advanced above and below a center frequency. Because of the extreme active laser sensing instruments in support of NASA programs in smallness of slow wave structures dimensions (< 50 micron) new geophysics, climatology, and the atmospheric sciences; to transition methods of fabricating BWO circuits must be explored. These mechanical cooler technology which will be applicable to the large include reactive ion etching, laser cutting, and metallization number of future missions that will require instrument cryogenic techniques. In addition, skin effect losses and direct interception cooling; and to extend previous work on ultra-sensitive coherent will necessitate novel approaches for heat rejection. Also for these millimeter-wave detectors (mixers) into the submiliimeter region, micron size circuits, the technology for very small electron beams and to provide the technological base for submillimeter detectors of densities around 1000 A/sq. cm. will be developed. approaching the ultimate quantum-limited sensitivity.

25 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70159 506-54-50 and (3) develop tool improvements and special studies as approved National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. by the NASA HAL/S Board. The FY-85 tasks include completion AEROSPACE COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH of studies and upgrades begun in FY-84, and development of Ronald L. Larsen 202-453-2783 improved user interfaces. The aim is to develop a university-based center for aerospace computing technology, focusing on concurrent processing, highly W85-70163 506-54-61 reliable computing, and scientific and engineering information Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. management. The approach will be to foster cooperative, coordi- ADVANCED CONCEPTS FOR IMAGE-BASED EXPERT SYS- nated research coupling computer science with aeronautics, TEMS astronautics, and space sciences. H. Lum 415-965-6544 The objective of this RTOP is to emphasize research in the W85-70160 506-54-55 areas of spaceborne symbolic processing architectures, image Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. understanding and information extraction techniques, software tools COMPUTER SCIENCE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY: SOFT- for development of expert systems, and natural languages/ WARE IMAGE DATA/CONCURRENT SOLUTION METHODS interfaces. Overall end objective for the research effort is an J. E. Solomon 818-354-2722 image-based expert system for spaceborne applications with an (656-61-01; 656-13-50; 677-41-25; 506-58-15) emphasis towards the astrophysics and upper atmospheric The objectives are to: provide an Agency foundation in scientific applications. Early feasibility demonstrations will be fundamental computer science, particularly concurrent processing, conducted as major milestones are accomplished. Benefiting reliable computing, software engineering, and space data manage- programs include the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO) As- ment; develop advanced computing concepts and system architec- tronomy Program, Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), tures for computationally intense aerospace applications such as Large Deployable Reflector (LDR), Space Station, and Environmen- image processing and distributed cooperative control; develop the tal Observational Satellite (EOS). A joint Ames-University-Industry engineering capability to cost effectively build high-integrity Research Team has been formed which includes Stanford, U.C. computing systems and software for large, complex aerospace Berkeley, University of Texas, Research Institute for Advanced systems (in cooperation with the DOD Software Technology for Computer Science (RIACS), SRI International, GSFC and JSC for Adaptable, Reliable Systems program); and advance data base the transfer of research technologies to project applications. management and computer networking technology to improve the availability of space-derived data to the user community. The W85-70164 506-54-63 approach is to: develop and validate a dynamic cost model for Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. the software life cycle (FY-1986); develop robust, numerically AUTOMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH stable, concurrent algorithms for solving sets of thousands of A. J. Meintel, Jr. 804-865-2489 simultaneous linear and non-linear equations (FY-1987); and (506-57-23; 506-64-23) develop and demonstrate artificial intelligence techniques of The objective of this activity is to extend and enable the information extraction from image data (FY-1986). technology base required to design and automate teleoperator and robotic systems to enhance the capabilities for future space W85-70161 506-54-56 activities including servicing, maintenance and repair, structural Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. assembly, and space manufacturing. To achieve these objectives, COMPUTER SCIENCE RESEARCH the program focus will be to conceptualize, investigate and verify Paul H. Smith 301-344-5876 algorithms, sensors, actuators, software, and system architecture The objectives are to conduct fundamental research in required for remote space operations. The research will be computer science, demonstrate the potential of computer science conducted through simulation and laboratory hardware experimen- for major agency programs, improve institutional facilities and tal tests. Parametric studies and analysis will be conducted to resources, and develop close ties with industry and universities identify subsystem and component requirements. Controls research as research partners, beginning with the following specifics will include control modes, stability, time delays, trajectory (1) develop a theoretic base of knowledge and prototype implemen- optimization and evaluation of various levels of direct, shared tation of derived methodologies, technologies, and systems man/computer, and supervisory control. Basic research on the required to handle very large multi-source databases managed at application of adaptive control techniques for the control of flexible distributed locations; (2) perform software management research or limber manipulators with distributed sensing and actuation will leading to a well-defined operational structure termed the software also be supported. The application of artificial intelligence tech- management environment, including the creation of a Technology niques for autonomous task planning, multiple system coordination, Assessment Laboratory and the identification, evaluation, and and monitoring and diagnosing the functioning of systems and development of software management tools, software design subsystems will be evaluated. metrics, and approaches to rapid prototyping; (3) develop systems level software critical to the Massively Parallel Processor (MPP); W85-70165 506-54-65 and (4) extend current theoretical work in user level protocols to Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. support the control and sharing of programs, information, and AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR PLANNING, TELEOPERA- processing resources, and in interfaces to represent network TION AND ROBOTICS capabilities in terms meaningful to the user's problem environment. S. Grenander 818-354-5854 (605-57-25) W85-70162 506-54-57 The general objectives are to develop the technology base Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. required in automated planning and decision making in the space HALLS INTER-CENTER BOARD program and to provide automated manipulation, sensing and J. L. Fisher 713-483-2246 actuation technology for future NASA teleoperation and robotics The HAL/S Language Definition and User Group, also referred applications, such as satellite servicing, space assembly, and space to as the NASA HAL/S Board, was established in 1977 to provide construction. The objectives of this effort are to identify, develop, language support for the standard HAL/S compiler, tools, and and guide development and demonstrate techniques and technol- documentation. The objectives are to maintain the standard ogies which have the potential of automating and unifying the compiler and documentation, control change requests and discrep- design and operation of mission operations process control to ancy reports, and improve user tools and interfaces to maintain assure significantly reduced cost, increased responsiveness and a compiler viability in evolving environments. The approach is to higher degree of accuracy than is possible with currently applied contract with Intermetrics Inc., to: (1) provide Secretariat Functions techniques and technologies. The objective of this effort is to for the Board, (2) provide compiler maintenance/documentation; develop software tools that automate NASA mission operations

26 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

functionswhicharenowlaborintensive.Theresearchareasare: ing a variety of planetary missions, and these will be assessed (1) automatic generation of computer code by planning methods for applicability of electric propulsion and the benefits compared and concommitant automated scheduling (applied to mission to conventional propulsion. Finally, studies of concepts such as command sequence generation.) (2) automated fault diagnosis of laser propulsion and perforated solar sails will continue as they spacecraft (applied to monitoring of telemetered data). In addition, promise a breakthrough in performance over existing propulsive assistance in using these tools is provided to the workers means. engaged in the uplink and downlink process control tasks of mission operations. The objective of this task area is to advance technology W85-70169 506-55-42 in sensing, perception, and manipulation needed for future NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. missions utilizing teleoperators and robots. Included are subtasks: PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY CONVERSION (1) interactive automation for teleoperations; (2) machine vision H. W. Brandhorst, Jr. 216-433-4000 for robotic systems. The objective of this RTOP is to improve conversion efficiency, reduce mass, reduce cost, and increase the operating life of W85-70166 506-54-67 photovoltaic converters and arrays. Research and technology Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. programs will be continued in the following areas: radiation tolerant AUTOMATED SUBSYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Si and III-V compound solar cells, including InP; concentrator cells; F. H. Samonski 713-483-4823 n+/p/p+ shallow homojunction III-V cell development, with Space Station Subsystems will require a significant degree of emphasis on high efficiency, ultralightweight thin film cells; multiple autonomous control in order to reduce the demand on crew time bandgap cells, both monolithically and mechanically stacked; and ground support personnel. Rapid, efficiently organized local advanced device concepts such as superlattice solar cells and and archival storage, retrieval and display of subsystem status, the surface plasmon solar cells; advanced techniques for laser- operation, and maintenance and repair information will be required assisted solar cell processing; and various aspects of solar cell across the various Space Station subsystems. The objective of blanket technology, including metallization and interconnect this program is to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of generic development for advanced blankets and arrays. The approach automation techniques for the control of spacecraft subsystems combines a strong in-house effort with judicious use of university through the use of regenerative life support subsystems as a grants to explore key basic research areas, and industrial con- demonstration pilot system. tracts to demonstrate feasibility of various device designs and to investigate cell and blanket technology options.

Space Energy Conversion Research and W85-70170 506-55-45 Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. HIGH PERFORMANCE SOLAR ARRAY RESEARCH AND TECH- NOLOGY W85-70167 506-55-22 Paul M. Stella 818-354-6308 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. The long range objective of this RTOP is to develop and ELECTRIC PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY demonstrate high performance solar array technology capable of D. C. Byers 214-433-6850 enhancing or enabling future NASA missions. As a goal this effort The overall objective of this program is to conduct research will demonstrate the feasibility of a 300 W/kg and/or 300 W/square on, and develop technology for electric propulsion systems for meter beginning-of-life (BOL) solar array capable of operating at future Earth orbital and planetary missions. Potential applications 300 V in either high earth or geosynchronous orbit, and will establish include auxiliary propulsion for space station, geosynchronous a radiation data base for designing this array for end-of-life mission spacecraft, and Earth orbital platforms. Primary propulsion applica- requirements. The specific objectives for FY-85 are to develop an tions include Earth orbit change and transfer, and many planetary array design which is technology transparent and suitable for a missions. Technologies are identified and advanced for electrostatic space flight demonstration of its high performance characteristics (ion) and electrothermal thruster systems. The program consists and demonstrate an array structure that will allow a 300 W/kg of analytic and experimental efforts. Mission studies will be BOL array to be developed by FY-89. Multiple industry contracts conducted to establish the performance potential of specific will develop a realistic, high performance (300 W/kg and/or propulsion concepts. Research will be carried out to understand 300 W/square meters as goals) array design (second generation basic physical processes and to establish the promise of specific flexible substrate) that will be capable of a space flight demonstra- approaches. Technology activities will be directed toward character- tion experiment within 5 years. A spaceworthy, prototype array izing the performance, lifetime, and interfaces of critical system structure including a low mass deployer with a retraction capability elements such as thrusters and power processors. Work will be will be fabricated and undergo preliminary ground based testing. performed in-house, on contract, and with university grants. A welded, ultrathin cell and cover blanket design that will operate at less than 20 C in the space environment will be demonstrated. W85-70168 506-55-25 The damage equivalence for silicon and GaAs solar cells in an Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. omnidirectional space radiation environment will be completely ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY determined. G. Aston 818-354-2696 This RTOP seeks to study and define mission requirements, W85-70171 506-55-49 to develop specific system technology for the application of electric Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. propulsion to planetary spacecraft, and to perform fundamental MULTI-kW SOLAR ARRAYS research into the physical processes inherent in this technology. M. R. Carruth, Jr. 205-453-4275 In FY-85, a Planetary Spacecraft Integration task has been (481-50-58) introduced to compliment on-going mission studies. This new task The objective of this RTOP is to advance the state-of-the-art will investigate both ion engine and arcjet thruster system in mulU-kW solar arrays for Earth orbit; it is necessary for support technology requirements for specific adaptation to planetary of future NASA missions which will require significantly higher power spacecraft. Concurrently, at JPL and Princeton University, research than on previous spacecraft. This RTOP will be a combination of into hydrazine arcjet thruster characteristics will seek to identify in-house and contracted efforts and will consist of the following: the major technical challenges associated with the successful Task 1 - Low Cost Multi-100 kW Solar Array Concept and development of this very promising propulsion system. Work will Technology Development; Task 2 - Investigation of Theoretical continue on further understanding MPD thruster operation, in the Concepts for Power Generation; Task 3 - Materials Evaluations steady state, as a potential high power thrust system for far future for Earth Orbital Solar Arrays and Task 4 - Solar Array Flight missions. The Solar System Exploratioon Committee is consider- Experiment (SAFE) Post Flight Data Analysis and Reporting.

27 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70172 506-55-52 W85-70175 506-55-65 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE THERMAL-TO-ELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOL- L. H. Thaller 216-433-5260 OGY The objective of this program is to provide the technology J. F. Mondt 818-354-4380 base for future space power systems by developing critical In scope, the SP-100 Program has the DOD, DOE, and NASA technologies in electrochemistry which will lead to very high charter for 100kW-class space nuclear reactor power systems capacity, long-life, high-energy-density battery and fuel cell systems. technology development. The Project Office established at JPL The in-house work on the nickel hydrogen battery aims at firmly manages all SP-100 technical work during the initial, technology establishing the component technology of current cell designs (IPV) assessment and advancement phase. In this phase, the project as well as investigating advanced cell design concepts (bipolar) will develop nuclear and aerospace technology, evaluate NASA, applicable for multi-kilowatt systems. The in-house fundamental commercial and military missions, and develop system designs. efforts support the nickel hydrogen battery work. Synthetic battery This phase ends in FY-85 with the selection of a specific system cycling and system assessments continue to provide guidance to for the second, ground test phase. The objective of the Focused the program. Fundamental Materials Research task is to perform research leading to the identification and evaluation of fundamental thermoelectric material properties which will guide the selection and development of new and improved thermoelectric materials W85-70173 506-55-55 for energy conversion. The approach is to continue the existing Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. programs in fundamental thermoelectric material research at ADVANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS several universities with emphasis on the basic relationships I. Stein 818-354-6048 between material parameters and the Seebeck effect, electronic The overall objective of this RTOP is to achieve improved and thermal transport. performance, energy density and lifetime of space batteries for applications in Earth orbital and interplanetary missions. FY-85 objectives for each of the three tasks are as follows: (1) Advanced W65-70176 506-55-72 Concepts - To maintain awareness of improvements in electro- Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. chemical technology and assess their applicability for NASA POWER SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION missions. One specific area, solid state polymeric electrolytes, R. W. Bercaw 216-433-6143 continues to be evaluated as a new concept for rechargeable The objective is to provide the technology base necessary to cells. (2) Primary Lithium Batteries - To generate a preliminary control the generation and distribution of energy in future space Manufacturing Control Document (MCD) for fabrication of flight systems and to assure their environmental compatibility. The quality Li-SOCI2 cells and to determine the optimum electrode proposed work will define and develop the generic technology to configurations and material ratios for performance and safety. enable large multi-kilowatt power systems in space. In-house and (3) Secondary Lithium Batteries - To understand cycle life driven contractual studies will be conducted, as needed, to determine degradation chemistry and to identify stand related chemical performance requirements, system constraints and new technology processes to complete the simulated GEO cycle life/chemistry needs for future space power systems. Contract, grant, and study of Li-TiS2 cells; and to elucidate fundamental mechanisms in-house experimental and analytical programs will be conducted coupling cell performance and capacity decline with cathode to explore the basic physics of conductor, semiconductor, insulator, materials and processes. Task 1 - To continue to survey the dielectric, magnetic and thermal materials for power devices; manufacturers, users and government technologists for improve- develop an analytical model of their operating principles; and to ments in performance, life and reliability of electrochemical power demonstrate their performance in experimental devices and circuits sources; and to determine the properties and factors necessary as required. In addition, this program will perform ground tests to to produce candidate cycleable polymer electrolytes - Task 2 - simulate and determine the impact of the environments on space Implement first phase of contracts with two vendors to develop systems, develop models of the physical phenomena and conduct MCD. Fabricate prototype Li-SOCI2 cells with alternate cathode space tests to verify ground test data. Discrete components will configurations and anode-to-cathode material ratios. Evaluate be developed and evaluated. electrical performance and chemistry of these cells - Task 3 - Establish cycle life and stand related degradation chemistry using W86.70177 506-55-73 quantitative surface analytical and electrochemical studies of the lithium electrolyte reactions; evaluate the use of double salt Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. ADVANCED SPACE POWER CONVERSION AND DISTRIBU- and/or mixed solvents to improve electrolyte stability and expand TION the compatibility domain of cell materials; develop and understand improved cathode materials and processes. E. J. Conway 804-865-3781 The objectives are to assess, through analytical studies and research on key technologies, the degree of enhancement offered to NASA space power requirements by space-based laser power W85-70174 506-55-62 generation, and subsequent conversion to electricity, and to Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. investigate a fast, high current switch, the liquid droplet radiator SP-100 AND SOLAR DYNAMIC POWER SYSTEMS and other concepts offering space power advancements. For direct T. S. Mroz 216-433-6381 solar-pumped lasers (DSPL), lasant consideration will emphasize (481-50-52) photodissociable halide molecules and photoexcitable elemental The overall objective of this RTOP is to provide thermal-to- vapors, dyes, and liquid lasants. New halide molecules with electric conversion system technology, including system definition improved DSPL characteristics will be lased. Gain and lasing studies and critical component technologies in the area of solar characteristics of Nd in solution will be measured. Other major receivers, thermal storage, and both dynamic and static converters. activities will include a flowing DSPL and a laser amplifier. For This objective includes support of the tri-agency blackbody-pumped or indirect solar-pumped lasers (ISPL), two (NASA/DARPA/DOE) Space Nuclear Reactor Power Systems concepts (slow flow CO2 and mixing CO2) will be assessed Technology (SP-100) program. There are two parts to this RTOP: experimentally. Conversion efficiencies of laser-to-electric power Solar Dynamic and SP-100. The approach used to reach the for MHD, and an advanced photovoltaic concept will be investi- objectives of this RTOP is to advance the state-of-the-art, provide gated. Exploration of a fast, high-current plasma switch mechanism fundamental understanding and demonstrate feasibility of thermal- and a liquid droplet thermal radiator for space thermal management to-electric conversion devices by means of contracted and in-house will be sustained. The feasibility of a plasma switch with a effort organized under the two parts. million-amp current capability and rise time of a few microseconds

28 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

willbestudiedto determineitsoperatingparametersandto distribution hardware and techniques and constructing a system exploreitspotentialforachievinglongelectrodelife. breadboard for verification and evaluation of new technologies and power management techniques. W85-70178 506-55-75 JetPropulsionLaboratory,Pasadena,Calif. W85-70181 506-55-80 POWERSYSTEMSMANAGEMENTANDDISTRIBUTION- EN- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. VIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS RESEARCH AND TECHNOL- SPACE ENERGY CONVERSION SUPPORT OGY J. H. Ambrus 202-453-2859 P. Theisinger 818-354-6094 The aim is to provide support to the Headquarters operation (1) Advanced Power Systems Technology: The general of the OAST Space Energy Conversion Program. The approach objective for this area is to achieve increased specific performance, will include operation of the multiagency supported Power Informa- higher efficiency, lower mass and improved regulation for low to tion Center of the Interagency Advanced Power Group, support to medium power spacecraft power systems for interplanetary or Earth the Civil Missions Advisory Group, analytical efforts in support of orbital applications. Specific objectives are Power Distribution and Space Energy Conversion Technologies, and support of special- Control to develop advanced approaches for high voltage power ists' meetings and conferences in Space Energy Conversion distribution, distributed power processing; power control; and Discplines. (Power Processing) to develop high efficiency high voltage/ frequency dc/dc and dc/ac converters, and advanced switching/ W85-70182 506-55-82 conversion topologies for energy storage and power transfer Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. applications; (2) Environmental Interactions R and T: The general THERMAL MANAGEMENT objective for this area is to develop the technology for controlling T. S. Mroz 216-433-6991 the interaction of a large and high voltage spacecraft surface with The objective of this effort is to develop the thermal manage- the space plasma environment. The specific objective of this ment technology for advanced high capacity and high performance investigation is to determine and model the electromagnetic thermal management systems for future space missions. Radiator interference (EMI) generated from arc discharges resulting from concepts, having the potential for dramatic performance improve- the interactions, and then use these results to establish a set of ments over fluid and heat-pipe radiators, will be identified and EMI immunity and discharge avoidance design guidelines for their basic feasibility demonstrated. Currently the Liquid Droplet spacecraft systems. This activity is part of a joint AF/NASA Radiator (LDR) and the Liquid Metal Belt Radiator (LBR) have comprehensive research and technology program. (1) Advanced been identified and are under active investigation. Two-phase fluid Power Systems Technology: The approach in this area is to heat transport systems combine the potential for dramatic review existing and emerging technologies for advanced applica- reductions in mass and parasitic power with improved temperature tions in components, circuits, and automated subsystems in order control. A second part of the effort will provide the technology to develop promising approaches; analyze candidate approaches base needed to design two phase systems which operate under to determine key performance parameters, drives, and required reduced gravity. The work will be accomplished through a technology improvements; implement these technology concepts/ combination of contracted efforts, university grants and in-house improvements and verify, through testing, predicted performance analysis and experiments. The in-house projects will utilize existing improvements. (2) Environmental Interactions R and T: The LeRC facilities such as high vacuum chambers, new experimental approach in this area consists of four phases: (1) acquire test hardware, as required, the zero-gravity facility, and airplanes. When data on EMI generated from discharges from typical high voltage appropriate, in-space experiments using the facilities made available surfaces; (2) use this data to develop a model of EMI generation; by the space transportation system will be identified, planned and (3) develop a model of discharge of high voltage surfaces; and carried out. The feasibility of the LDR is being demonstrated through (4) establish a set of design guidelines for EMI immunity and a joint, dependent program with the Air Force. discharge avoidance. W85-70183 506-55-86 W85-70179 506-55-76 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. THERMAL MANAGEMENT FOR ADVANCED POWER SYSTEMS ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS F. E. Ford 301-344-5845 Stanford Ollendorf 301-344-5228 The basic objective for this RTOP is to convert advanced The objective of this research is to develop, analyze and test power technology R&D accomplishment at the various NASA heat acquisition and transport systems for application to power centers and at other agencies (DOD, DOE) to a state of readiness systems and for temperature control of scientific instruments. The for future flight applications. The approach includes the overall approach will be (1) to design, fabricate, and test various two-phase assessment of R&D status, the evaluation of technology advance- flow devices in order to evaluate their potential. (2) to select ments in terms of potential for flight application, the completion candidate devices and their supporting components for prototype of engineering development necessary to bring high-potential development. (3) to develop an integrated cold plate for thermal, advancements to technology readiness, and the analysis of power power, and data handling. (4) to develop small flight experiments systems incorporating the advanced technology. The RTOP to study the problems associated with two-phase flow. (5) to consists of four tasks: (1) Power Technology Assessment, develop analytical models for performance prediction and test (2) Analytical Modeling of Power Systems, (3) Power System verification. Components, (4) Development of Spacecraft Power System Utilizing Inertial (Flywheel) Energy Storage. W85-70184 506-55-87 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. W85-70180 506-55-79 THERMAL MANAGEMENT FOR ON-ORBIT ENERGY SYSTEMS Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. J. G. Rankin 713-483-4941 MULTI-100 kW LOW COST EARTH ORBITAL SYSTEMS The objective of this RTOP effort is to: (1) develop the D. J. Weeks 205-453-4952 technology necessary for thermal management of a large evolution- (506-64-19) ary on-orbit spacecraft, (2) extend orbital lifetime capability of The objectives of this RTOP are to develop and evaluate high thermal management systems from months to several years, voltage, multi-100 kW power system control and distribution (3) provide the technology necessary for high energy density heat requirements and technologies which show potential for reducing collection and transport, and (4) reduce the complexity and thus space energy costs through improved efficiency, life, and/or the cost of very large scale heat rejection systems by orders of reliability. The approach will be to use a combination of in-house magnitude. The approach will be to establish the technology and contracted efforts and will consist of developing control and required for the design, fabrication, and test of advanced thermal

29 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY concepts.Suchadvancedconceptsmightconsistof a pump W85-70187 506-57-15 assistedtwo-phaseflow circuit providing a constant temperature Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. thermal bus or energy transport loop that would deliver or receive FUNDAMENTAL CONTROL THEORY AND ANALYTICAL TECH- heat to/from the various subsystems and payload heat sinks or NIQUES sources via one or more types of modular (i.e., easily connectable/ A. F. Tolivar 818-354-6215 removable) thermal interface devices (contact heat exchangers, The long range objectives of this RTOP are to develop and fluid or heat pipe quick disconnects, etc.). The primary heat sink evaluate control concepts, designs, and components required for for such a system could be made up of independent radiator the autonomous control, pointing, and stabilization of future space elements containing large, high capacity heat pipes that would systems including Space Station, space platforms, large antennas, provide a space constructible radiator system with long life due to and planetary spacecraft. This RTOP encompasses the following low system vulnerability to the micrometeoroid environment. major tasks: (1) Autonomous Control Systems Theory, Algorithms and Software - Develop integrated controls/structure design methodology, system identification analysis and software for W85-70185 506-55-89 automated self-monitoring of controls performance, and adaptive Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. control designs for autonomous compensation of dynamic un- HIGH CAPACITANCE THERMAL TRANSPORT SYSTEM certainties and/or configuration change. (2) Advanced Guidance J. W. Owen 205-453-5503 and Control Components - Develop a high performance, long-life A concept for thermal energy storage (-rES) has recently integrated optics laser gyro, and an optical sensor for attitude and dynamics determination and identification of flexible spacecraft. emerged that depends on the heat of mixing of a pair of different (3) Advanced Precision Pointing Technology - Develop and liquids at a critical solution temperature (CST). Liquid pairs that mix (or unmix) at a CST are called conjugating binary (CB) systems. integrate technologies for precision pointing of scientific instruments The CB concept appears attractive for TES because only liquid on a variety of space vehicles. (4) Aeromaneuvering Guidance phases are involved. Thus, energy transfer obstruction at heat and Navigation - Develop guidance and navigatiion technology for transfer surfaces, a common problem in TES systems caused by aeroassisted orbital transfer and accurate landing following reentry. crystallization, can be avoided. The subject of this effort is to expand upon this concept to include heat transport systems. It is W85-70188 506-57-19 postulated that use of CB systems, for transport of heat from Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. sources to sinks, offers a significant reduction in the required LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY CONTROL AND pumping power with respect to conventional liquid transport GUIDANCE systems. Because these systems exhibit the characteristics of H. J. Buchanan 205-453-4582 reacting (or reversing reaction) in proportion to the available heat The objective of this research will be to define, develop, and (or heat removal), a CB system may be self regulating and may demonstrate control techniques and devices required for future not require an active control system. Because the liquid pairs Space Platforms, Stations, Advanced Earth Orbiting Spacecraft, exhibit significant heat capacitance without changing phase (e.g., and Advanced Space Transportation Systems. The approach will liquid to vapor), operation of a CB system in zero gravity would include the following specific tasks: (1) Large Space Systems be similar to conventional systems, and the technology develop- Control Technique, Development, and Verification - The current ment would not require extensive flight testing for verification. laboratory test program will be continued and expanded to address additional control applications. (2) Linear and Nonlinear Modeling of Flexible Structures in an Arbitrary Topology for Large Space Systems Control - The present version of the program, TREETOPS, Controls and Human Factors Research and will be expanded to include a ring topology of connected modules. (3) Autonomous Momentum Management Techniques - The Technology development of adaptive momentum management concepts will be expanded to large systems with earth-fixed and space-fixed elements. (4) Space Station/OMV Rendezvous and Docking - The previously developed techniques will be expanded to deal adap- tively with changing mass properties and configurations. W85-70186 506-57-13 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. W85-70189 506-57-20 SPACECRAFT CONTROLS AND GUIDANCE National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. L. W. Taylor 804-865-4591 HUMAN FACTORS IN SPACE SYSTEMS (506-53-43; 506-57-33) Melvin D. Montemerlo 202-453-2784 Future space structures such as large-diameter antennas, (505-34-40) manned space stations, or space platforms, will necessarily be The objective of this RTOP is to conduct space operations light-weight, loosely coupled, and flexible. Control systems for such research with particular emphasis on human capabilities assisted configurations must not only satisfy the requirements associated by various levels of automation. The research will be conducted with spacecraft maneuvering and precision pointing, but also must by developing and testing a beam assembly teleoperator (BAT) provide active damping of flexible modes and effective shape for use in neutral buoyancy tests. Also tests will be conducted of control. The objective of this program, therefore, is to devise and closed cabin free flyers, head up displays for control of maneuvering evaluate advanced techniques for the analysis and synthesis of units, simulation of telepresence technology, investigation of the control systems for large space structures. To accomplish this human function in supervisory control and the investigation of objective, advanced control modeling techniques, and on-line expert system for task assignment and housekeeping aboard a identification will be utilized in conjunction with dynamics models space station. This work will be carried out under a grant to MIT. of such spacecraft configurations as a manned space station, The second task in this RTOP is a one year contract with the Shuttle-attached sortie experiments, and large-diameter antennas. National Research Council to assess research needs in the area Control system implementations resulting from these efforts will of astronaut/crewstation interaction for space station. be thoroughly evaluated to establish their performance capability and limitations. The analytical efforts will be complimented by W85-70190 506-57-21 ground validation, on such test articles as the Langley grid, the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Spacecraft Control Laboratory Experiment (SCOLE), and by flight SPACE HUMAN FACTORS experiments, such as in conjunction with a Shuttle-borne antenna Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 experiment, to quantify the effectiveness of the various candidate (199-22-62; 505-35-11; 481-50-71) control system designs. Future manned space systems may place the operators in a

3O OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY positionof havingmoreautonomyandrelying less on ground The objective is to contribute to the development of a control. These missions will involve highly trained astronauts as technology base to better enable the allocation of command, well as other flight crew members and scientists. Maximum benefit control, analysis, planning, scheduling and monitoring functions from these future space systems will accrue where the abilities of among men and automated computer systems. To accomplish the humans are fully exploited and their performance maximized this objective guidelines for man/machine interfaces and interac- with their errors reduced to a minimum. The objective of the RTOP tions will be documented; a modeling technique for the study of is to develop an understanding of the causes of human error human factors issues associated with man/machine interactions which appropriately addresses the unique aspects of both individual will be proposed and tools for the analysis of automated ground and team operation in space. The program will focus initially on control systems for spacecraft from a human factors point-of-view gaining the maximum benefit of past experience with space will be developed. operations in addition to operations in other stressful environments which have similar characteristics to those encountered in space. W65-70194 506-57-27 Particular emphasis will be placed on bringing together current knowledge regarding operational problems. Using this knowledge, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. HUMAN FACTORS FOR CREW INTERFACES IN SPACE the first step in developing reliability model(s) for human operators J. L. Lewis 713-483-4161 in these future space systems will be initiated. The objective of this RTOP is to develop technologies which will increase the effectiveness of man-machine interactions in W85-70191 506-57-23 space. Specific tasks include development of guidelines for Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. MANNED CONTROL OF REMOTE OPERATIONS man-machine interfaces, development of models of human motion and strength and collection of data for these models, and A. J. Meintel, Jr. 804-865-2489 development of specific productivity aides for use in Extra Vehicular (506-54-63; 506-64-23) Activity (EVA). The guidelines for man-machine interfaces will The objective of this plan is to study, synthesize, and optimize address the assignment of tasks to humans or to automation, the an efficient man-machine interface to remote systems and to apply suitability of new technology for controls and displays in space, advanced technology to achieve and enhance man's supervisory and other aspects of the interface such as habitability which are control of remote automated systems. The research will be important for safe, efficient operations in space. The EVA tools conducted using a reconfigurable remote control station coupled under development include a glove end effector to increase the to a software/laboratory-hardware simulation representing the manual operations a crewmember can perform; a generic work remote system. Experimental studies will be carried out to station and restraint system; and a helmet-mounted heads-up determine human capabilities/limitations in teleoperation at display to increase the information available to an EVA increasing levels of automation of the remote task. The remote crewmember. The models of human motion and strength will be station will be reconfigured as required to evaluate controls, integrated into the Graphics Analysis Facility at JSC to provide displays, and other system interface elements. design engineers with quantitative information early in the design cycle. The multi-view laser based anthropometric measurement W85-70192 506.57-25 system will be developed to provide much of the needed data for Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. these models. Existing facilities that will be utilized include an TELEOPERATOR HUMAN INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY avionics test bed, the Operator Station Design System and data A. K. Bejczy 818-354-4568 base, and the Anthropometric Measurement Laboratory data base (506-57-22; 506-54-65; 906-75-06) and equipment. The general objective of the RTOP is to develop a data base and models for quantifying human performance in sensor and computer augmented information and control environment of space W85-70195 506-57-29 teleoperator systems in order to advance the state-of-the-art Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. currently represented by the Shuttle RMS baseline technology. TELEOPERATOR HUMAN FACTORS This objective includes the classification, measurement and W. O. Frost 205-453-1413 evaluation of human performance parameters related to: This RTOP defines the requirements for a teleoperator human (1) kinesthetic proprioceptive man-machine coupling; (2) analog factors research program and implements selected elements of and symbolic man-machine communication; (3) perceptive/ the requisite teleoperator test/experiments/analyses. Empirical cognitive processes involved in on-line decision making as a methods are used to derive data/knowledge/conclusions charac- function of alternative presentations of a given control task. The terizing the capabilities/limitations of the remotely-located human FY-85 objectives are: (1) investigate the effects of alternative operator of a teleoperations system as a function of system/ visual systems and system components on human performance subsystem/ technology alternatives. The tests are selected and in teleoperator control. Coupled TV and graphics systems are planned to effectively augment and enhance the current data/ included in this investigation; (2) investigate the effects of shared knowledge base in Teleoperator Human Factors. or traded human and computer control of visual systems on human task performance in generic space teleoperation tasks; (3) refine the previous control experiments on the effects of simulated zero-g on the operator's performance in force reflecting manual control. Space Data and Communications Re- The refinements will involve the use of improved experimental search and Technology hardware and computer control system and will include short time delay conditions. The general approach is experimental. It creates, maintains, upgrades and utilizes experimental capabilities at the JPL teleoperator laboratory to generate the necessary data. Function allocations between man and machine will be studied W85-70196 506-56-10 for various operational constraints, including time delays. New National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. system and subsystem concepts will be developed and bread- ERASABLE OPTICAL DISK BUFFER boarded when necessary. Cooperation with other NASA centers Kenneth R. Wallgren 202-453-2868 and universities will be maintained or established as appropriate. The objective of this RTOP is to develop an erasable optical disk buffer device capable of storing and retrieving up to 10 to W85-70193 506-57-26 the 12th power bits of information at rates up to 1.661GA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. bits/second. Laser/optical disk technology will be employed in GROUND CONTROL HUMAN FACTORS concert with advanced laser diode arrays to achieve high perfor- W. F. Truszkowski 301-344-9261 mance.

31 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70197 506-58-11 optical nodes, and fiber optics to attain high performance process- AmesResearchCenter,MoffettField,Calif. ing, communications, and distribution of information onboard a ADVANCEDTECHNOLOGIESFORSPACEBORNEINFORMA- space station. To address the processing, video image processing TIONSYSTEMS in real time is being investigated and developed. The thrust of the T.L.Grant415-965-6526 onboard data storage activity is the development and demonstration (506-54-61;481-50-81) of an advanced memory architecture breadboard for fast access, Advancethestate-of-the-artindatanetworktechnologythrough high density semiconductor memory technology. The network analysisofgeneralconceptsandtheimplementationofsoftware activity is oriented to the development and demonstration of simulationto define,developandevaluatedetailedconcepts, adaptive, high performance network architectures using hybrid includingpromisingcodingdesigns.Theemphasisinthistechnol- optical nodes and fiber optics/wavelength division multiplexing. ogydevelopmentisonbothreducedsystemcomplexityfor data networks and on increased reliability while providing the flexibility W85-70200 506.58-15 to expand data capacity as processing requirements increase. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. development of network concept and protocol models primarily INFORMATION DATA SYSTEMS (IDS) uses the Ames Research Center computational facilities. It will D. B. Smith 213-354-4480 provide a common tool for developing and evaluating detailed (481-50-85; 506-54-55; 506-64-45) designs in coordination with other centers as well as augmenting The objectives of the information data systems RTOP are to the theoretic analysis of general concepts. An additional objective develop and validate advanced information technology; develop is the development of an architecture for a spaceborne symbolic special purpose, high performance processors; develop advanced processor required for subsystem automation and implementation high-capacity, high-data storage systems for space and ground of expert systems for the Space Station. Use of Very High Speed systems; and establish and maintain JPL as a center of expertise Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) technologies will be included in the for information technology systems through infusion of state-of-the- development with eventual feasibility demonstration conducted by art industrial and DOD technology. In order to implement these JSC in their data management system test bed. objectives, JPL will: work with LaRC, DOD, and industry to deliver a Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) technology general W85-70198 506-58-12 purpose, high speed processor for the core data management Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. system on space station; work with LaRC and industry to develop A VERY HIGH SPEED INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (VHSlC) TECH- an all optic node and a 500 mb/sec module for space station NOLOGY GENERAL PURPOSE COMPUTER (GPC) FOR SPACE fiber optic interfacing to onboard processors; work with DOD and STATION industry to complete research analysis and prototype development Harry F. Benz 804-865-3535 of a fault tolerant processor system with high immunity to single (541-58-13) event upsets; work with ARC, LaRC, DOD, and industry to develop A combination of new device technologies and architectures a symbolic processor and a programmable array processor with are required to meet the computing needs of the space station one or more giga floating point operations per second for space and related future NASA projects. Current space-qualifiable sensor data processing using wafer scale packaging and VHSIC computer systems and integrated system development tools have Phase 2 technology; initiate the development of ultrahigh density neither the versatility nor throughput to encompass the anticipated storage devices with industry and DOD for onboard and ground applications in data and communication systems, guidance, data storage applications; work with industry to develop a 6 giga navigation and control, embedded instrument controllers and flops advanced digital SAR processor for VRM, Shuttle, and Space processing for related payloads. There is a need for applicable Station. fault tolerance, built-in test, and self-reparability. Fulfilling these needs with demonstrated hardware and development tools is the W85-70201 506-58-16 objective of this work. The DoD Very High Speed Integrated Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Circuit Technology address throughput directly with increased DATA SYSTEMS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY speed, but also enable increased versatility through technology R. W. Nelson 301-344-7809 transparent upgradability, and well as compact, efficient design. (506-54-56; 656-20-26) The principal objective of this RTOP is introduction of this The data systems information program develops and validates technology in both the hardware and software systems into NASA the systems technology which will substantially increase the programs. Parallel investigation of compatible but more mature capability of onboard and ground-based data systems in response device technologies will also be considered to bolster introduction to requirements for future NASA missions. Elements of the ongoing of new computing capability into the initial space station program. program include defining methodologies for the assessment of Architectural advances will introduce the benefits of parallel alternative data system architectures, developing a high-speed computing into space programs. The objective is to provide tailored optical data bus with flight qualified fiber optic components, incremental growth in throughput, adjustable levels of fault advancing the state-of-the-art in onboard smart sensor image data tolerance, and ease of application software development. Selection processing and storage with gallium arsenide integrated circuit and demonstration of an architecture best suited for the space technology, and extending and applying the high volume data station will be performed early in the program, including the processing capabilities of the massively parallel processor. provision of design and simulation tools to augment applications. Software languages and development tools to support the new W85-70202 506.58-17 system will be provided. A joint LaRC/JPL approach will be pursued, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. culminating in a contractor assisted demonstration of breadboard DEVELOPMENT OF A MAGNETIC BUBBLE MEMORY SYSTEM hardware in 1986 and brassboard hardware in 1988. FOR SPACE VEHICLES Peter N. Poulos 713-483-2801 W86.70199 506.56.13 This continuing RTOP effort will evaluate the compatibility of Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. magnetic bubble memory component technology for space vehicle DATA SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY - ONBOARD mass memory systems which are presently implemented with DATA PROCESSING electromechanical magnetic tape units. The effort will investigate N. D. Murray 804-865-3535 and resolve system development issues related to multifunction The objectives of the Data Systems Research and Technology application, systems interfacing, performance capabilities, and activity are to investigate, research, and develop key technologies space environment compatibility. The activity will utilize the for the following: (1) real time, very high speed data and information Shuttle/Orbiter magnetic tape mass memory to establish initial processing onboard spacecraft; (2) high density, high speed data system requirements which include a one-for-one replacement that storage for onboard spacecraft; and (3) network architectures, is totally transparent to the Orbiter software system as well as

32 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

the electrical and mechanical interfaces. The development effort W85-70206 506-58-23 will be accomplished with the services of an in-house contractor Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. who will deliver a breadboard package for Orbiter integration and MULTIPLE BEAM ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT functional verification and a flight prototype package that will be PROGRAM FOR LARGE APERTURE DEPLOYABLE REFLEC- utilized in the in-house Space Station test bed for functional and TORS system requirements verification. Thomas G. Campbell 804-865-3631 (506-62-43) The overall objective of this RTOP is to specifically address W85-70203 506-56-18 the development of multiple beam antenna technology and analysis Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. methods that are critically related to the technology development TESTING AND ANALYSIS OF DOD ADA LANGUAGE FOR activities for large space antenna concepts presently funded by NASA OAST. The development of multiple beam feed technology that is J. Garman 713-483-2851 specifically related to the large aperture antenna development will This proposal is to establish a joint effort between the Lyndon eventually provide NASA the capability of predicting the total B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) and the High Technologies antenna system performance characteristics for a wide range of Laboratory of the University of Houston at Clear Lake City mission applications (communication, radiometer, and radio (UH/CLC) to perform studies and analysis of the software astronomy). Primarily, this activity shall provide a top level basis technology products being produced by the Department of Defense for determining the effectiveness of large offset reflector systems (DOD) under the name ADA, A registered trademark of the United (with up to 200 beams) that are presently being considered for States Government (ADA Joint Project Office). The objective of communications and radiometer near-term and far-term missions. this effort is cooperating with the Department of Defense in their Tasks to be accomplished include: (1) the development of the request for NASA participation in their field test efforts with ADA, feed requirements for communication and radiometer missions for and, in support of NASA Headquarters to produce a plan for multiple beams and multiple apertures; (2) antenna configuration agency transition to the ADA technologies in future NASA projects. design for the point design; (3) multiple beam antenna feed point The effort proposed is an integral part of several advanced program design; and (4) derivation of secondary illumination and multiple activities being pursued or undertaken at JSC. This effort involves beam contour for co-polar and cross-polar plots, spherical near-field both the use and evaluation of ADA compiler systems, and the testing using subscale models. planning and evaluation of their applicability and implementation in NASA flight systems as a standard. W85-70207 506-56-25 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. DEEP SPACE AND ADVANCED COMSAT COMMUNICATIONS W85-70204 506-56-19 TECHNOLOGY Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. J. F. Boreham 818-354-4107 DATA SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM (DSTP) DATA BASE (650-60-15) MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND MASS MEMORY ASSEMBLY This RTOP represents two major technology areas in the space (DBMS/MMA) communications development effort, namely: (1) Deep Space D. T. Thomas 205-453-0677 Communications Technology (DSCT); and (2) Advanced Com- The objective of this RTOP is to develop a ground data base munications Satellite Technology (ACST). The objectives are to management and archival system to demonstrate high-rate data develop communications system components technology to ingest, automatic cataloging, and real-time archiving of large support Earth-Space-Earth data distribution/transfer requirements volumes of packetized sensor data. The catalog, sensor data, of NASA's future deep space missions and advanced Comsat and other on-line space information would be available to local type missions to insure the continued U.S. preeminence in space and remote users in near real-time. High rate ingest, up to 50M communications. The objectives in the DSCT area center around bits/second, is achieved by the use of a fiber optic data bus the development of 3 to 10 watt X- and Ka-Band Solid State driven by laser diodes and an architecture that bypasses conven- Power Amplifiers and new technology for the X-Band Transponder; tional computer channels. The on-line archival system is an optical while in the ACST area they center around large multibeam antenna disk recorder/reader capable of recording and reading digital data technology development. Specifically, during FY-85/F'Y-86 a new at 50M bits/second and storing 8 x 10 to the 10th power bits per design and engineering model of the X-Band Solid State Power fourteen inch disk with a total volume of 10 to the 13th power Amplifier (XSSPA) will be developed. A redesign has been bits. Recording at high density is achieved by the use of a laser necessitated by changed first user (MMll) objectives (5W output as the energy source. vs. 10w) and the failure of the previously selected FETs to meet flight quality and reliability standards. The major X-Band Trans- ponder development, partially supported under this RTOP, involves W85-70205 506-58-22 the development and transfer of certain new technology items Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. such as a custom LSI digital phase lock loop and dielectric SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH AND TECHNOL- resonator stabilized, phase locked, high order multipliers. These OGY items will be completed and demonstrated in a verification R. E. Alexovich 216-433-6689 breadboard transponder in FY'85. In the ACST area, specific (506-54-12; 650-60-20; 650-60-21; 650-60-22) objectives include: continued software development for identifica- The objective is to provide (through research, design, and tion and compensation methods for reflector surface errors; experimental tests) the components, subsystems and enabling continue development of antennas and feeds for multibeam technology required to support NASA satellite communications applications; develop ground and in-flight RF measurement systems. To achieve this objective, advanced research and techniques for large spaceborne antennas; and develop low development programs will be conducted to identify, produce, and sidelobe dual shaped reflector systems. demonstrate critical components, techniques, and subsystems required for complete communications systems. Principal emphasis W85-70208 506-56-26 will be directed toward spacecraft microwave electron beam Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. amplifiers with increased power output, linearity, efficiency, high LASER COMMUNICATIONS frequency capability, and long life; multi-frequency, multibeam J. B. Abshire 301-344-8948 antennas providing increased frequency reuse at higher fre- (506-58-26; 650-60-26) quencies; and solid state materials and component technology for This RTOP will develop and demonstrate advanced transmitter high frequency spacecraft applications, such as switching, power and receiver technology required for high performance laser amplification, and beam forming. communication systems. Such systems will be required for future

33 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

high speed intersatellite communication. This program has two the technology in support of future Space Shuttle Main Engine specific objectives. The emphasis of the effort is on the develop- (SSME) improvements. Technology for advanced high-pressure ment of high performance laser transmitter modules, which are oxygen/hydrocarbon rocket engines for booster application is being suitable for use in high data rate communication systems. In a pursued and includes single-fuel, dual-fuel and dual nozzle parallel effort, research will also be carried out in advanced receiver concepts. These activities include engine power cycle synthesis, technology. Both advanced solid-state detectors and optically parametric data generation, component performance prediction coherent communications will be addressed, since both can and evaluation, and combustor cooling investigations. These efforts significantly increase system detection sensitivity. The high-power include a data screening, analysis, computer modeling, hardware laser research will concentrate on the development of phase-locked design and fabrication, data evaluation and test. As the SSME laser diode arrays. Research will primarily address improving the program approaches operational status, specific technology far-field beam quality under modulated conditions. Other promising activities are required for resolution of persistent trouble areas approaches, such as large optical cavities, non-absorbing mirrors, and for improving life and reducing operating cost. The effort and external resonators will also be pursued. In the receiver area necessary to accomplish these objectives is defined in the the emphasis will be on developing advanced low noise avalanche Advanced Research and Technology Plan, rev. TBD. The areas photodetector and preamplifier combinations. A parallel effort will of investigation are basic in nature and are supportive of future investigate the performance versus complexity tradeoffs and the SSME uprating and definition of advanced Iox/hydrogen engines. current state-of-the-art in optically coherent communications.

W85-70212 506-60-22 Chemical Propulsion Research and Tech- Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. nology ONBOARD PROPULSION S. H. Gorland 216-433-5113 The objective of this effort is to provide advanced component W85-70209 506-60-10 and systems technology for onboard propulsion applications such National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. as the space station, and space platforms, as well as spacecraft CHEMICAL PROPULSION RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY and vehicle auxiliary propulsion systems. The accomplishment of INTERAGENCY SUPPORT this objective would provide the Agency with auxiliary propulsion F. Stephenson 202-453-2860 systems that would meet the performane requirements while The primary objective of this activity is to maintain a continuous minimizing propulsion system mass or reduce propellant resupply. up-to-date information gathering capability on the nation's total These propulsion systems would also minimize potential contamina- chemical propulsion technology efforts as an aid in planning and tion of other onboard subsystems and/or scientific instruments implementing the NASA program. In addition, joint interagency and operate intermittently and reliably for many years. The systems tasks are undertaken when appropriate, such as publishing to be investigated will be analyzed to determine the appropriate handbooks, manuals or computer models, that will be beneficial concept for each application and to define the technology to the propulsion community as well as other potential users. The requirements. Consideration will be given to evolution potential approach is to share support of the Chemical Propulsion Information and to benefits from integration with other onboard subsystems. Agency (CPIA), which supplies information gathering and dissemina- Multi-use components will be designed, fabricated and tested for tion services, with the DOD agencies through the Joint Army, long life reliability, maintainability and broad operating range. Health Navy, NASA, Air Force (JANNAF) Interagency Propulsion Com- monitoring and diagnostics will be included at both the component mittee. For special interagency tasks, funding is transferred to the and systems levels. agency designated as responsible for the procurement action and contract monitoring. W85-70213 506-60-42 W85-70210 506-60-12 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. VARIABLE THRUST ORBITAL TRANSFER PROPULSION EARTH-TO-ORBIT PROPULSION LIFE AND PERFORMANCE S. H. Gorland 216-433-5113 TECHNOLOGY The objective is to provide technology for improving perfor- S. H. Gorland 216-433-5113 mance, life and reusability of future highly versatile liquid chemical (553-13-00) rocket engines in order to greatly extend mission capability and The driver for future Earth-to-orbit launch vehicles will be flexibility in performing orbital operations reliably and at reduced advanced high pressure liquid rocket engines used for the main operating costs. The propulsion systems that will be investigated propulsion system. These propulsion systems will have to provide include a highly versatile, space based, throttled, reusable, and the lowest possible life cycle costs while meeting the needs of all maintainable high thrust rocket engine and a high performance potential users. The objective of this program is to extend the low-thrust expendable rocket engine. Emphasis of the work will existing technological base established by the SSME and older be on: combustion, cooling and heat transfer; performance hydrocarbon fueled engines to provide the knowledge for reusable, enhancements; long life bearings and seals; lightweight reusable long life, serviceable, high performance engine systems using either components; small high performance combustors and pumps; high hydrogen-oxygen or hydrocarbon oxygen. This effort will concen- expansion area nozzles; and propellant management. trate on thrust chamber cooling and life enhancement, critical turbomachinery components including bearings, seals, turbine blades, rotordynamics, diagnostic techniques, and improved materials. This work will be accomplished through studies, analytical W85-70214 506-60-49 models, fundamental subscale testing, and correlation of all inputs. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ADVANCED ORBITAL TRANSFER PROPULSION W85-70211 506-60-19 R. J. Richmond 205-453-3710 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. (506-60-42) REUSABLE HIGH-PRESSURE MAIN ENGINE TECHNOLOGY The objective of this RTOP is to investigate advanced reuseable S. F. Morea 205-453-3710 oxygen/hydrogen engines required for future orbit-to-orbit vehicles. (506-60-12) The activities described include high area ratio nozzle technology The objective of this RTOP is to investigate advanced reusable identification and acquisition and component and system perfor- booster engines required for Earth-to-Orbit application. The overall mance prediction model improvement. These efforts include objectives are to advance the technology base for future oxygen/ concept definition, preliminary design, analysis, computer model- hydrocarbon and oxygen/hydrogen booster engines and advance ing, hardware fabrication, test and data evaluation.

34 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Spacecraft Systems Research and Tech- The objective of this RTOP is to identity, refine and evaluate nology the spacecraft systems requirements for planetary missions with emphasis on sample return missions. The aproach will be to update and expand the planetary technology initiative material prepared W85-70215 506-62-21 in FY '84 (Planetary Technology, JPL Document D-1537, dated June 6, 1984) and the joint OSSA/OAST planetary technology Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS ANALYSIS - STUDY OF LARGE plan concentrating on technology requirements for sample return DEPLOYABLE REFLECTOR missions. Established elements will be built upon, (particularly B. L. Swenson 415-965-5705 studies of Mars Sample Return and rover, and other sample return missions), generate quantitative technology performance require- (159-41-01; 506-54-21; 506-53-41) ments for sample return missions. Various concepts for comet The objective of this RTOP is to carry out systems studies, nucleus sample acquisition and preservation will be evaluated. analysis, and trades and simulations, both in-house and under The ability of various technological approaches to meet the contract to support NASA space science objectives in astrophysics technology performance requirements in terms of mission risk and planetary probe/penetrator missions. In particular, current (e.g., resilience to off-nominal conditions), development risk (e.g., emphasis will be placed on the refinement and development of current status vs. eventual needs), and cost (non-recurring and concepts for a large deployable reflector (LDR) in space. The LDR will be a free-flyer with an aperture greater than 10 m to recurring) will be assessed. Specific technologies to be addressed include: sample identification, acquisition, cataloging, preservation support astrophysical and astronomical investigations in the infrared and submillimeter wavelength regimes. The effort supported by and handling for Mars surface, and comet nucleus. this RTOP is aimed at providing the preliminary systems analysis and programmatic planning preparatory to a major LDR technology W85-70219 506-62-26 initiative by OAST, planned to be started in FY-87. The effort Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. involves two major contracted studies, jointly supported by OSSA, ADVANCED EARTH ORBITAL SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS TECH- to examine many overall system and subsystem issues; define NOLOGY representative design concepts; assess the readiness of technol- P. A. Studer 301-344-5229 ogy to support the implementation of LDR by 1990; and develop The objective of this program is to identity, coordinate, and a technology development plan to remedy major technology organize technological advances which will achieve and enhance deficiencies to allow implementation of LDR with confidence and future Earth orbital mission objectives, The needs of planned and minimum risk. Concurrent with those studies, complementary efforts projected missions will be reviewed and compared on a time-line will be supported at other Centers where particular expertise basis with the development cycles of emerging technologies with resides. identifiable potential and applicability to space operations. Cross- fertilization of technological skills and techniques from areas of W85-70216 506-62-22 subsystem expertise will be promoted. Technological advances Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. within and outside the Agency will be tracked and transmitted COMMUNICATION SATELLITE SPACECRAFT BUS TECHNOL- between subsystem disciplines. Included is the definition and OGY progressive updating of a system technology development plan. K. A. Faymon 216-433-5241 An interdisciplinary total spacecraft systems approach to develop- The objective of this RTOP is to identity, assess, and prioritize ment tasks is the goal. The approach will be to work basically high-leverage enabling and enhancing technologies for communica- from future mission requirements. Vital technology needs areas tion satellite spacecraft buses of the mid 1990's; and to formulate will be identified, the state and pace of their development charted, a long-range technology development plan which defines enabling and results directed to parallel subsystem developments and technology appropriate for development by NASA. The approach eventually flight programs in their earliest phases. This approach provides for a LeRC in-house effort to establish advanced will avoid duplication and more efficiently utilize resources by spacecraft bus requirements, identity concepts and technologies transfer of developments and techniques between on-going to meet these requirements and conduct system and discipline subsystem specialists and through the communication of accom- trade studies in order to assess/evaluate potential payoff of plishments from research centers to flight system designers. The identified technologies. Contracted studies will be conducted to impact of upcoming technology advances on future mission verity and augment in-house studies. The results from the above planning will be assessed and communicated to minimize the lag efforts and recommendation of industry will be used to develop a in systems development and deployment. The primary focus will long range technology development plan. A forum for a continuing be on generic elements with broad and continuing functional government/industry dialog on enabling technologies will be applications of value to NASA, other government agencies, and established. the United States aerospace industry.

W85-70217 506-62-23 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. W85-70220 506-62-42 ADVANCED SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND CON- Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. CEPTUAL DESIGN SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENTS (CFMF) L. S. Keafer 804-865-3666 E. P. Symons 216-433-6736 The technical objectives are to continue research to define The broad objective of the Cryogenic Fluid Management requirements and to quantity concept performance of advanced Program is to provide the technology base to enable the design large space systems, to develop plans for an initiative in spacecraft of efficient systems for the management of cryogenic fluids in the technology and to ensure portability of IDEAS capabilities by space environment including storage, acquisition (positioning) and updating computer programs and data bases. The approach toward fluid transfer. This RTOP covers only the Cryogenic Fluid Manage- each objective involves in-house leadership in focusing large space ment Facility (CFMF) which will be developed as a reusable test systems and spacecraft research and in defining analysis tasks, bed to be carried into space in the STS Orbiter Payload Bay on contractor system studies and detailed analysis and conceptual an MDM Pallet. Plans are to develop the CFMF for seven mission design support, and complementing in-house analyses, conceptual life. The CFMF will consist of two tanks: a storage and supply designs, comparisons, and evaluations. tank and one of two different size receiver tanks depending upon mission. The two tanks are connected by a transfer line and the W85-70218 506-62-25 operations are normally controlled by a preprogrammed dedicated Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. on-board microprocessor. Other elements of the total Cryogenic PLANETARY SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY Fluid Management Program are being performed at JSC, MSFC, Kerry Nock 818-354-2153 and GSFC and this work is described in RTOP 506-64-42.

35 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70221 506-62-43 studies, selected in-house assessments, contracted system Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. assessments, and intercenter reviews. This RTOP also supports SPACE TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENTS-DEVELOPMENT OF THE the continuing enhancement of in-house computer-aided design HOOP/COLUMN DEPLOYABLE ANTENNA systems that provide the ability to assess alternative approaches T. G. Campbell 804-865-3631 for transportation systems through conceptual design studies. The overall objective of the RTOP is to specifically address the technology development of large deployable reflector technol- W85-70224 506-63-24 ogy through the development of the hoop/column antenna concept. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The technology development activities will reach a significant ENTRY RESEARCH VEHICLE FLIGHT EXPERIMENT DEFINI- milestone as the 15-meter model of the hoop/column concept TION will be completed in FY-85. This model will then serve as a J. P. Arrington 804-865-3911 structural kinematics model and provide verification of the design (506-63-23; 506-51-13) in terms of deployment kinematics, deployment, reliability failure The objective of this RTOP is to develop the technical advocacy modes investigation, surface interaction, manufacturing tolerances for an entry research vehicle flight experiment program. This is and scaling. This model will also permit the comparison of a envisioned as a joint NASA/Air Force program with NASA using manufactured surface shapes with the prebuilt analytical projection the flight experiment to advance technology for future space of that surface shape. In addition, the 15-M model will be used in transportation systems and the Air Force using the experiment to a RF test in a planar near field facility. demonstrate an operational capability. The flight experiment definition will require the identification of experiments that will W85-70222 506-62-45 provide the technology base for the development of future Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. transportation systems and the definition of the flight center LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES GROUND TEST TECHNIQUES responsibility for the entry research vehicle flight experiments. The R. E. Freeland 818-354-3540 Langley Research Center has the lead center responsibility for (481-50-35) the entry research vehicle flight experiment program with support The long-range objective of this RTOP is to develop new from the Ames Research Center in the TPS and aerothermody- techniques for ground based testing of large, very flexible space namics areas. The program definition activity will be coordinated structures. The technical approach is to utilize the extensive data with the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory to develop a joint base developed during the design, fabrication, assembly and ground NASA/Air Force advocacy. The entry research vehicle flight based testing of the full-size hardware models for the wrap-rib experiment will provide flight data to advance technology for the antenna concept development. The results of current static and development of future entry vehicles capable of maneuvering in dynamic testing for a number of different boundary conditions for the atmosphere. Availability of entry flight data will allow reduction the same basic antenna structure will be correlated with analytical of vehicle design margins enabling the development of an predictions to determine the extent of testing required to ade- operational vehicle with maneuvering entry and atmospheric plane quately characterize this class of large space hardware. Addition- change capability. A multidisciplinary analysis will be made to ally, the manufacturing variations on full-sized, lightweight space identify technology deficiencies for the development of future space hardware which have been experimentally determined, will be used transportation systems and to identify flight experiments which analytically to establish the sensitivity of hardware deviations on will provide data necessary to establish technology readiness for structural system performance. The activities in this RTOP will be these systems. Once the high payoff experiments have been coordinated with NASA Headquarters, other NASA centers, the identified in the aerothermodynamics, structures, TPS, flight control, NASA Space Station Technology Steering Group, the Space navigation and guidance technology areas, trajectory will be made. Systems Technical Advisory Committee (SSTAC), the NASA Space Results from the experiment definition will be used to define a Station Test Bed activities at MSFC, and the NASA LaRC Space flight research vehicle capable of accommodating the experiments Technology Experiments Program (STEP). and demonstrating viability of advanced vehicle design features. The entry research vehicle program will be defined in sufficient detail to accurately estimate DDT & E costs. Transportation Systems Research and Technology W85-70225 506-63-29 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. CONCEPTUAL CHARACTERIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY W85-70223 506-63-23 ASSESSMENT R. E. Austin 205-453-0162 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS FOR ADVANCED SPACE Transportation systems technology will be evaluated to focus TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS and analyze technology requirements for advanced transportation J. P. Arrington 804-865-3911 systems, Earth launch vehicles, orbit-to-orbit vehicles, etc. (506-51-13) Aeroassist is a technological capability that has a potential ranging The objective of this RTOP is to identify, justify, and prioritize from significant mission enhancement (Orbit Transfer Vehicle-OTV) high-leverage enabling and enhancing technologies for both current to mission enabling (some planetary orbiters and DOD). Prior evolutionary and future new space transportation systems. This studies have shown that significant performance benefits can be includes the projection of future transportation needs, the character- realized by using an aerodynamically assisted insertion into an ization of potential future mission and economic capabilities based orbit (planetary and low Earth). This RTOP covers a multi-year on the design of advanced concepts, and the assessment of aeroassisted system technology activity that will evaluate generic technology impacts on desired transportation attributes. The aeroassisted OTV system concepts and a focused OTV technology approach focuses on the total transportation system, including readiness program for the initial system that has a target completion both Earth-to-orbit and orbital transfer vehicles, which operate in FY-88. During the initial period of the development of the primarily within the geosynchronous sphere. The intent is to build Aeroassist Flight Experiment, critical technology risk areas require on the Space Shuttle technologies which enhance the current detailed definition and approaches for their resolution. Space Transportation System (STS) and enable new systems which have significant cost and/or capability advantages when they will W85-70226 506-63-31 be required as a second generation STS. Technology areas of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. particular interest include: composite and thermal protection OEX (ORBITER EXPERIMENTS) PROJECT SUPPORT materials, propulsion systems, structural design, aerothermodynam- J. D. Harris 713-483-5814 ics, design integration, advanced flight control, and automated The program objective is to collect data in the technology operations. This activity will be pursued through in-house system disciplines that will augment the research and technology base

36 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

for future spacecraft design utilizing the Space Shuttle as a research design and verification activities. DATE plans to use environmental vehicle. Flight data relative to these disciplines will be collected data from approximately 15 early Shuttle flights in support of these by utilizing the currently planned TFI/MADs configuration, by technology efforts. The early Shuttle flights represent an unusual modifications and/or augmentations to the DFI baseline opportunity to obtain the particular types and quantities of data instrumentation and by development of unique experiments that are suitable for implementing the DATE Program, but would compatible with the operational capabilities for flight on the Orbiter. not be included in the environmental data normally acquired for Studies will be conducted to determine the optimum method of operational purposes. Repeated measurements are necessary to utilizing the Shuttle system to conduct research and technology. account for payload, orbiter, and launch site variations. DATE has These studies will be augmented by investigations to develop accomplished its partial objectives with flight experimental data experimental programs that would obtain research and technology obtained and reports generated from flights STS-1 through STS-5 data in flight regimes applicable to advanced space transportation and an OASIS system ready for integration. In FY-85, the objectives systems. The primary goal of these studies is more efficient will be to continue integration support of calibrated qualified utilization of the STS capabilities to obtain data required to advance instrumentation, data analysis, and generation of flight reports for the current state of spacecraft technology. This RTOP includes flights of opportunity. Funding resources and programmatic the effort associated with overall project management, project considerations will determine types and number of flights (but support, experiment development initiation, experiment compati- planning is based on 4 for FY-85. This program is planned to be bility assessments, experiment integration activities and integration a joint funded effort between OAST and USAF. hardware development initiation. The experiment development efforts is the subject of additional RTOP's from the appropriate W85-70230 506-63-37 NASA Centers. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. SHUTTLE UPPER ATMOSPHERE MASS SPECTROMETER W85-70227 506-63-32 (SUMS) Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. R. C. Blanchard 804-865-3984 SHUTTLE ENTRY AIR DATA SYSTEM (SEADS) The primary technological objective is to provide flight data P. M. Siemers 804-865-3984 for advances in the prediction of aerodynamic behavior throughout (506-51-13) the high-speed flight regime, including the free molecular flow and The purpose of this RTOP is to extend the knowledge of the transition into hypersonic continuum. This objective will be aerodynamics, aerothermodynamics and basic fluid mechanics into achieved through shuttle orbiter flight instrumentation, including a flow regimes previously inaccessible to the investigator through Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer (SUMS). The extraction of flight data during routine operation of the Shuttle specific objective of the SUMS system is to provide in situ high Orbiter. This knowledge will be applied to verity and increase the altitude atmospheric data, primarily neutral atmospheric mass reliability of sophisticated computational prediction codes, to density measurements. A spare Viking flight-qualified mass develop procedures to extrapolate wind-tunnel data to flight spectrometer will be modified to provide atmospheric data in the conditions, to improve the performance and operational capability rarefied flow flight regime. These data, coupled with data from of the STS, and to prove a data base for studies of future other proposed experiment systems, will provide aerodynamic aeronautical and aerospace vehicles. The design, development, information on a winged entry vehicle in flight regimes heretofore calibration, and demonstration of the flush orifice Shuttle Entry Air unobtainable and will augment ground-based test facilities. In Data System will be accomplished through inhouse (LaRC) analysis addition, experiment results on the shuttle will provide a benchmark and test programs, and contracted studies. A retrofitted in- from which to evaluate additional entry technology research. The strumented nose cap, incorporating the flush orifice Shuttle Entry design, construction, and system tests of the prototype Shuttle Air Data System, will obtain flight data which, when reduced, will Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer (SUMS) and the supporting produce the required air data parameters for each orbiter flight. analysis on the SUMS system design and implementation will bring the experiment to the flight readiness state. W85-70228 506-63-34 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. W8EP70231 50663-39 SHUTTLE INFRARED LEESlDE TEMPERATURE SENSING Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. (SILTS) OEX THERMAL PROTECTION EXPERIMENTS E. V. Zoby 804-865-2707 H. E. Goldstein 415-965-6103 The goal of this RTOP is to extend the knowledge of the (506-53-31; 506-51-11; 506-51-41) basic aerothermodynamics of leeside flow fields and heat transfer The overall objective of these experiments is to obtain a on large lifting vehicles into flow regimes which are inaccessible better understanding of thermal protection system ('rPS) reentry to investigations in ground facilities through sensing with an infrared heating effects that may permit TPS cost and weight reductions scanner of leeside surface temperatures during Shuttle Orbiter for the current Shuttle and for advanced aerospace vehicles. Three entry. These data will permit development of improved leeside separate experiments will be flown as test panels or tiles replacing flow-field and heat-transfer prediction techniques which are'required baseline TPS on the Shuttle Orbiter on operational flights. These to reduce considerably the weight and cost of thermal protection experiments will take advantage of the actual entry heating systems on the leeside of future space vehicles. The SILTS environment that cannot be fully simulated in ground facilities to experiment will be flown on a number of orbiter flights beginning investigate TPS heating effects and to demonstrate advanced TPS this fiscal year. materials for possible Orbiter retrofit and for application to advanced vehicles. Data will be obtained with existing and follow-on Orbiter W85-70229 506-63-36 instrumentation. Baseline TPS procedures and tooling will be used Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. to the maximum practical extent, and none of the experiments DYNAMIC, ACOUSTIC, AND THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS (DATE) will impact Orbiter operations. The experiments will be designed, EXPERIMENT (TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY VERIFI- developed and fabricated through both in-house and contracted CATION-OEX PROGRAM) efforts, and experimental hardware will be provided as government W. F. Bangs 301-344-7669 furnished equipment. (323-52-42) The DATE Experiment, one of the OAST OEX (Orbiter Experi- W85-70232 506-63-40 ments) group of STS flight experiments are: first, the development Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and validation of advanced technology for prediction of dynamic, SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITER FLYING QUALITIES CRITERIA acoustic, and thermal environments and associated payload (OEX) responses in cargo areas of large reusable space vehicle; and D. T. Berry 805-258-3311 the second is providing data for immediate application in payload The objective of this RTOP is to use experience with high-

37 OFFICEOF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY performance aircraft to establish handling qualities criteria, for the decisions on which propulsion technologies have the highest atmospheric flight phases of Space Shuttle. With the opportunity potential with emphasis on the growth/evolutionary Space Station. of test data from the Orbiter flights, the adequacy of the existing These studies will determine major propulsion drivers; perfor- criteria can be evaluated to establish validated criteria to support mance requirements; identify system constraints; estimate cost, the development of second generation Orbiters, and other weight and size of potential propulsion systems; identify new advanced aerospace vehicles. Pilot comments and ratings will be technology needs; determine benefits and provide data to identify obtained for essential tasks throughout the reentry and landing priorities of proposed technology programs. phases of the Orbiter flight tests, and correlated with vehicle characteristics obtained from analysis of stability and control maneuvers. These data will be used to validate simulation and analytical studies.

W85-70233 506-63-43 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. HIGH RESOLUTION ACCELEROMETER PACKAGE (HIRAP) EXPERIMENT DEVELOPMENT R. C. Blanchard 804-865-3984 The primary objective is to provide accurate measurements of W85-70236 506-64-13 low level aerodynamic acceleration along the shuttle orbiter roll, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. pitch, and yaw axes in the rarefied flow flight regime. This flight TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM ANALYSIS ACROSS DISCIPLINES FOR data supports advances in the prediction of aerodynamic behavior MANNED ORBITING SPACE STATIONS of winged entry vehicles in the high-speed, low density flight regime, L. J. DeRyder 804-865-2486 including the free molecular flow and the transition into the The objectives of this effort are to develop capabilities for hypersonic continuum. The data provides for the direct measure- and to conduct system optimization trade studies crossing ment of the lift-to-drag in the rarefied flow flight regime. An subsystems in order to determine the maximum system-level orthogonal triaxial set of linear accelerometers is mounted on the improvements that could result from alternative designs, compo- existing Orbiter Experiment (OEX) ACIP/PCM mounting shelf. nents, and advanced technologies for permanently orbiting space Hardware development and integration aspects are accomplished stations. System analyses and interdisciplinary interaction sensitivity by NASA/JSC, OEX Project Office under a modification to current studies wilt be performed in order to identify technology drivers ACIP-I development. Studies under this RTOP will be performed and priorities for high leverage technology programs. Techniques to support modification to the design, and calibrations of the HiRAP of analysis and optimization identifying advanced technology in order to achieve experiment objectives. In addition, data satisfying modular, evolutionary, on-orbit growth and the national reduction algorithms will be designed, tested and applied on need for improved performance and reduced life cycle costs will multiple flights of the HiRAP. be developed along with emulation/simulation models for providing early functional knowledge of critical input/output parameters and W85-70234 506-63-44 system failure modes leading to improved design and reduced Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. costs. Finally, analytical capabilities to assess life cycle cost SHUTTLE PAYLOAD BAY ENVIRONMENTS SUMMARY benefits derived from improved technology options will be devel- D. Kern 818-354-3158 oped. The objective of this task is to validate STS payload bay dynamic and thermal environments prediction models and test methods to provide the STS payload community with the basis for derivation of realistic dynamic and thermal environments design and test criteria for STS-launched payloads. The approach will be to conduct engineering analyses of the STS payload bay flight dynamic and thermal data; summarize the data; publish the summary and conclusions reports at appropriate intervals; and obtain, reduce, and evaluate the flight data from the low and mid frequency response accelerometers for the Galileo spacecraft. W85-70238 506-64-15 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. AUTONOMOUS SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY Philip R. Turner 818-354-5643 Platform Systems Research and Technol- (506-64-18) Thi_ RTOP will concentrate upon the system-level technology ogy and methodology of autonomous control of spacecraft, with the Space Station as the primary example mission. System control architectural concepts and related technology areas identified in FY-84 will be a point of departure for the continuing effort. Efforts will concentrate on the following major lines of investigation: (1) The architectural concept developed for autonomous control W85-70235 506-64-12 will be examined for specific applications of space station interest. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Particular attention will be applied to identifying potential applica- SYSTEMS ANALYSIS-SPACE STATION PROPULSION RE- tions of automation/autonomy that would benefit from machine QUIREMENTS intelligence/expert systems technology. Additional work will Martin E. Valgora 216-433-6983 address the differentiation between conventional control system (506-50-42; 506-55-22) design and changes needed to accommodate autonomy/ The objective of this effort is to define and develop system automation. (2) The man/machine trade-off methodology effort of level technology requirements for advanced chemical and electrical FY-84 will be extended with conceptual design efforts applied to propulsion systems and define power system impacts on propulsion selected functional areas. The design efforts will clarify some applicable to the space station mission including the core station, specific implementation methods and develop specific cost platforms, free flyers and service vehicles. These studies will estimates for comparison with projected productivity benefits. (3) A develop a generic technology/benefits data base to assist in guiding proposed methodology for implementation of expert systems as a

38 OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

combinationofhardwarelogicco-processorandfirmware/softwareW85-70242 506-64-25 willbeexaminedfor potential benefits in autonomous control Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. applications. (4) Autonomous rendezvous guidance technology will ADVANCED THERMAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR CRYO- be developed as an application. (5) Software technology applicable GENIC PROPELLANT STORAGE to autonomous control will be examined for significant impacts on D. G. Elliott 818-354-3486 the design and implementation of operational systems. The objective of this RTOP is to determine what technology is needed for the long-term storage of cryogenic propellants in W85-70239 506-64-17 space, and to outline a technology program for improvement of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. passive and active refrigeration methods for space station cryogenic SPACE STATION DATA SYSTEM ANALYSISARCHITECTURE storage. The FY-85 objective is to analyze the size, weight, and STUDY power requirements of alternative refrigeration methods, including William E. Mallery 713-483-3066 passive methods, and determine the benefits of possible technol- This task will develop system architecture design and imple- ogy improvements. The cryogenic storage capability potentially mentation strategies for the Space Station data system (SSDS). available from passive and active cooling methods will be calculated This will be accomplished through a system design process from basic characteristics of insulation materials, refrigeration consisting of: (1) the definition and characterization of Space methods, and space station environment. The capability of present Station information system (SSIS) functions in sufficient depth to insulation and refrigeration methods will be reviewed. Key technol- identify SSDS requirements; (2) the identification and evaluation ogy improvements needed for long term cryogenic storage will be of technology, design, and management options; and (3) trade identified. The required elements of a technology program for studies which investigate the inter-relationships between major SS improving passive and active cooling methods will be determined. programmatic issues and options, program goals and objectives, and technology and design options. The derived system design W85-70243 506-64-26 and implementation planning will be periodically updated in Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. response to programmatic developments, requirements changes, IN-SPACE FLUID MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY - GODDARD and other development information which occurs during the SUPPORT contract period of performance. Allan Sherman 301-344-5405 The objective of this RTOP is to provide technical consultation W85-70240 506-64-19 on the supply tank system of the cryogenic fluid management Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. facility. All facility specifications and design concepts will be SPACE SYSTEMS ANALYSIS informally reviewed, analysis will be checked, and the final design R. E. Jewell 205-453-0436 will be reviewed. Suggestions for modification or design improve- (506-62-49; 542-03-04) ments shall be transmitted in a timely manner to the Principal This RTOP is comprised of two tasks, each addressing specific Technologist. target areas within the Space Systems Analysis objective, described below. Task 01, System Trade Analyses, is a systems analysis W85-70244 506-64-27 effort to define technology to enhance the performance capability, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. reduce the development, and lower the cost of the early and the SPACE STATION OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGY advanced space stations. Specifically, the effort consists of system W. K. Creasy 713-483-2561 trade analyses of selected areas of the space station which offer (506-53-57) high potential for cost effective improvements. Task 02, Solar Array The objectives of this RTOP effort in the area of construction/ Flight Experiment (SAFE) Dynamics Augmentation Experiment docking technology are (1) establish system design requirements (DAE), is to develop and demonstrate the technology readiness and operating procedures for docking/berthing maneuvers required of on-orbit remote sensing of large space structure dynamic for construction, assembly, and satellite servicing tasks, (2) identity response and the analysis of the response to obtain the structural component technology needs and systems design drivers through dynamic characteristics of frequency, damping, and mode shapes. analysis of the projected program requirements, including require- ments for minimum disturbance soft docking/berthing, and W85-70241 506-64-23 (3) demonstrate validity of system and component design and Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. operational concepts through full scale ground tests of development ON-ORBIT OPERATIONS MODELING AND ANALYSIS hardware. This will be achieved by developing requirements, A. J, Meintel, Jr. 804-865-2489 performing conceptual design studies, performing parametric trade (506-54-63; 506-57-23) studies, and developing prototype hardware for proof of concept The objective of this effort is to develop modeling and systems ground tests. One additional objective in the area of simulation analysis tools for the evaluation of on-orbit space station cryogenic fluid management is to identity and evaluate attractive operations. One simulation will determine the viability of reducing technical concepts for a liquid hydrogen quantity gauge for space station on-orbit operations costs by developing an operations zero-gravity use in support of the Lewis Research Center's simulator capable of both analyzing the interaction among crew Cryogenic Fluid Management Facility. As an additional task, activities, performance, and automation and predicting the associ- technology will be developed to make effective use of the Space ated manpower and resource costs. The second simulation Station flight crew and support cost effective operations of the analysis tool will evaluate teleoperator and robotic systems capable Space Station. of remote space operations. It will allow evaluation at the systems level, subsystems and components and identity high leverage areas W85-70245 506-64-29 requiring research to enable remotely controlled manipulator Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. systems which outperform direct human manipulation. An opera- TELEOPERATOR AND CRYOGENIC FLUID MANAGEMENT tions simulation model and data base for space station on-orbit W. O. Frost 205-453-1413 operations man power and resource assessment will be devel- This RTOP includes three areas of activities relating to Platform oped, installed and evaluated. The model will include the capability Systems Operations: (1) Teleoperations, (2) Cryogenic Fluid of evaluating the impact of subsystem design and operational Management, and (3) Simulation/Emulation. (1) Task 01, Tele- requirements on long-term operational costs. A Teleoperator and operations, investigates key technology issues, evaluates system Robotic System Simulation (TRSS) has been implemented and conceptsalternatives and defines overall capabilities/limitations coupled to a manned control station for system level integration involved in remotely controlled space systems. (2) Task 02, and analysis of remotely-controlled vehicles capable of space Cryogenic Fluid Management, assesses thermodynamic and fluid operations. The output of TRSS will supply specifications for the mechanic interactions between subsystems and components within design, construction and testing of remote systems. a liquid hydrogen management breadboard for orbital propulsion

39 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY andinvestigatesreusable insulation technology for Earth-to-orbit Space Systems Technology Programs transport. Applications include the OTV, Space Station, and orbital cryogen management in general. (3) Task 03, Simulation/ Emulation, develops math models, user documentation, and configuration management for a data base of space subsystems.

W85-70246 506-64-31 Chemical Propulsion Systems Technol- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ogy PLATFORM SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY CREW/ LIFE SUPPORT J. C. Sharp 415-965-5100 (481-50-40; 481-50-41) The objective of this program is to develop crew/life support technology in air revitalization, water reclamation, and solid waste mangement to support the establishment of permanent human W85-70249 525-02-12 presence in space. This program objective includes technology Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. development to support the initial Space Station and for later HIGH-PRESSURE OXYGEN-HYDROGEN ETO ROCKET ENGINE Space Station growth. The Long range program goal is to achieve TECHNOLOGY a technology ready condition for regenerative life support system S. H. Gorland 216-433-5113 technology and extravehicular activity (EVA) technology for the (506-60-12) initial Space Station and improved process efficiencies, increased Evaluation and validation of technological advances in high system closure and additional personal accommodations for Space pressure, oxygen-hydrogen earth-to-orbit rocket engines will be Station growth. The specific technology areas in this RTOP include: accomplished in a test engine environment. The overall goals are electrochemical depolarized carbon dioxide concentration; static to: (1) test and evaluate the output from the Advanced High feed water electrolysis oxygen generation; nitrogen generation; solid Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen Program to extend component/ amine carbon dioxide concentration; integrated air revitalization; subsystem life, reduce operational cost and improve performance; supercritical water waste oxidation; environmental control life (2) enhance the transfer of the emerging technology items to the support system (ECLSS) control/monitor instrumentation; advanced development program; and (3) allow for more intensive and water reclamation process technology; and advanced space suit comprehensive testing than can be accomplished in a schedule joints and gloves. driven flight engine program. The specific objectives are to: (1) develop an environmental map of the engine operating characteristics and define the loads that influence useful life; W85-70247 506-64-37 (2) evaluate the technology features incorporated in new compo- Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. nent designs; (3) define and evaluate advanced control systems ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY to relieve or eliminate the adverse transient conditions that limit F. H. Samonski 713-483-4823 life; and (4) define and evaluate health monitoring systems which The objective of this RTOP is to develop the life support can detect and identify marginal engine components. The test systems technology for the space station program which will enable program will provide basic data to validate new and existing an orderly growth in both size and capability. The tasks included models, subject potential component advances to the engine within this RTOP are consistent with the recommendations of the environment prior to committing the advancement to the engine Crew and Life Support Working Group and are generally directed development program and provide the opportunity tO define new at improving process efficiencies and attaining a higher degree control and health montioring systems. of system closure. Particular emphasis will be placed upon the development of advanced processes to accomplish the functions of atmosphere revitalization, water reclamation,-and waste man- agement. Companion development efforts for automated control W85-70250 525-02-19 systems and process monitoring instruments will also be pursued. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ADVANCED SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE (SSME) TECHNOL- OGY A. L. Worlund 205-453-3624 Interdisciplinary Technology The evaluation and validation of technological advances in high-pressure, oxygen-hydrogen Earth-to-orbit rocket engines will be accomplished in a test bed engine environment. The overall goals are to: (1) test and evaluate the advancements of the Advanced High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen Program to extend component/subsystem life, reduce operational cost and improve W65-70248 506-90-21 performance; (2) enhance the transfer of the emerging technology Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. items to the development program; and (3) allow for more intensive INTERDISCIPLINARY TECHNOLOGY - FUND FOR IN- and comprehensive testing than can be accomplished in a DEPENDENT RESEARCH (SPACE) schedule-driven flight engine program. The specific objectives are David J. Peake 415-965-5113 to: develop an environmental map of the engine operating (505-90-28) characteristics and loads that influence useful life; evaluate the The object of this RTOP is to support innovative and high-risk technology features incorporated in new component designs; and basic research in areas related to space. The program pursues (3) define and evaluate advanced control systems to relieve or basic investigations of new technologies in fundamental science eliminate the adverse transient conditions that limit life and define and engineering needed to satisfy NASA's requirements in space and evaluate health monitoring systems which can detect and including the technical fields of lasers, cryogenics, materials, identify marginal engine components. The test program will provide applied mathematiics, superconductivity, chemistry and physics, basic data to validate new and existing models, subject potential human factors, and life support systems. The Ames Basic Research component advances to the combined engine environments prior Council accepts unsolicited proposals from universities and to committing the advancement to the engine development judges these on the basis of the degree of innovation and the program, and provide the opportunity to define new control and capacity to complete the task. health monitoring systems.

4O OFFICE OF AERONAUTICS AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

Space Flight Systems Technology on a Spacelab pallet, and will interface with the Spacelab command and data management system. Interactive control with experi- menters on the ground will permit optimization of scientific results W85-70251 542-03-01 by real-time modification of experimental conditions and parame- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ters. DEVELOPMENT OF A SHUTTLE FLIGHT EXPERIMENT: DROP DYNAMICS MODULE W85-70254 542-03-14 T. G. Wang 213-354-6331 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. The principal objective of this RTOP is to design, fabricate, FILE/OSTA-3 MISSION SUPPORT AND DATA REDUCTION and test an acoustic positioning and manipulation module to utilize W. E. Sivertson 804-865-3666 it to perform the experiment Dynamics of Rotating and Oscillating The objective of this RTOP is to support Feature Identification Drops and Bubbles as part of the NASA Spacelab III and and Location Experiment (FILE) flight experiment activity and the subsequent missions. This acoustic positioning and manipulation advancement of feature classification and cloud detection technol- module will allow us to utilize the unique zero-g environment ogy. Work will include in-house and contract effort as required to provided by a Shuttle/Spacelab flight to perform drop and bubble support the FILE/OSTA-3 mission and post mission data reduction. dynamics experiments that are impossible to perform in a gravita- Flight hardware will be evaluated. Flight data will be processed tional field. Examples are: (1) study experimentally the equilibrium and evaluated. Results from this effort will focus on providing figures and the bifurcation process of a rotating spheroid; new knowledge required for autonomous cloud detection, pointing, (2) investigate the nonlinearity in the resonant frequencies as a and tracking instruments for future space missions. function of oscillation amplitude; and (3) understand the fission and fusion processes in drops that pertain to other disciplines. The scope of this work is twofold: to fabricate a flight unit, and to W85-70255 542-03-43 perform the experiment Dynamics of Rotating and Oscillating Drops Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. and Bubbles as part of the NASA Physics and Chemistry in Space SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIMENTS (STRUCTURES FLIGHT Program. The scientific community will be invited to participate in EXPERIMENT) experiments informally through international symposia and col- J. L. Allen 804-865-3661 loquia. Some scientists will participate with JPL as science (506-53-43) associates and consultants. The objective is to conduct space flight research focusing upon structural performance, dynamics, and control of flexible, W85-70252 542-03-06 low frequency space structures utilizing a deployable, joint- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. dominated truss beam as the test article. Through the selection, SUPERFLUID HELIUM ON-ORBIT TRANSFER DEMONSTRA- fabrication, and test (ground and space-based) of a large space TION system structural section, the structural and dynamic boundaries M. J. DiPirro 301-344-6766 of flexible, efficiently designed space systems will be explored The objective of this RTOP is to solve the limitations of many and defined. The test article, being retractable, may be used current and proposed spaceflight projects including detectors, repeatedly as the host for a series of research flights from the instruments, (AXAF, COBE, LDR) and facilities (IRAS, SIRTF, GP-B) Structures Technology Experiment Platform (STEP) experiment as stored helium is depleted. A solution to this problem is to carrier. replenish the liquid helium supply during refurbishment in space. The feasibility of the transfer of superfluid helium under zero-g W85-70256 542-03-44 conditions with an STS flight demonstration using the Hitch- Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. hiker-G configuration of the Shuttle Payload of Opportunity Carrier SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIMENTS (STEP DEVELOPMENT) (SPOC) is proposed. The method to be used involves a porous J. E. Harris 804-865-3661 plug thermo-mechanical pump--a simple electrically operated The objective of this RTOP is to define and develop a low-cost, device that works because of the unique properties of superfluid reusable Shuttle-borne Structures Technology Experiments helium. The principle involved is the same as that used by the Platform (STEP) to be used in conjunction with the Shuttle as a IRAS and COBE porous plug to contain supefluid helium within a space testing facility to accommodate flight experiments primarily dewar in zero-g. This Shuttle experiment will demonstrate fluid in the structures, structural dynamics, and structurescontrols management techniques within the supply and receiver dewars to interaction research disciplines. The approach will be to form a both contain the liquid helium as well as provide a continuous project office and an in-house design team augmented with supply of liquid to the thermomechanical pump for transfer. An contract feasibility and system definition studies, develop a project option to demonstrate quick-disconnect couplings on the transfer plan and necessary project documentation to initiate project tube of the type to be used on actual resupply and reciever dewars implementation, and manage the project development. in space, with an additional option of an EVA to mate and demate •these connectors is proposed. W85-70257 542-03-51 W85-70253 542-03-13 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. IN-SPACE SOLID STATE LIDAR TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENT SPACELAB 2 SUPERFLUID HELIUM EXPERIMENT Richard Nelms 804-865-3745 P. V. Mason 213-354-4056 (506-54-23) The objective of this RTOP is to investigate the properties of The objective of this technology experiment is to develop the superfluid helium in zero gravity for flight on Spacelab 2 in early technology base and measurement techniques necessary in order 1983, now rescheduled for flight in April, 1985. The experiment to operate a solid state laser lidar system from a spaceborne will determine the mechanical and thermal properties of superfluid platform. The approach will be to space harden, with minimum helium in sufficient detail to enable the design of high-performance, change, existing lidar components technology developed under space-qualified superfluid cryogen systems. A companion experi- the OAST Sensors Program and measurement capabilities proven ment will study the properties of low velocity capillary waves in in previous aircraft and ground based programs. The initial space thin films of supefluid helium. These waves cannot be observed experiment will utilize a Nd:YAG laser lidar in a multimode single in the Earth's gravity. Their study will increase scientific under- wavelength autonomous operation. This type system has been standing of the interaction of normal and superfluid helium. The shown previously to make important atmospheric aerosol and experiment will consist of an instrumented cryostat, an experiment cloud measurements. The system will be designed in a modular package mounted inside the cryostat, and an electronics control concept for easy reflight to develop technology for other potential and data processing electronics package which will be mounted solid state laser systems.

41 OFFICEOFAERONAUTICSANDSPACETECHNOLOGY

W85-70258 542-03-53 a flight test of a mercury ion auxiliary propulsion system; and Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. (2) providing engineering information on the system performance CAPILLARY PUMPED LOOP/HITCHHIKER FLIGHT EXPERI- and system interfaces with the spacecraft. The approach is to MENT (TEMP 2-A) conduct a space flight test of an ion auxiliary propulsion system Roy Mclntosh 301-344-6071 operated for time duration and duty cycle representative of potential (506-55-86) operational missions. The flight system uses two 8 cm diameter The objective is to develop a flight experiment to verify the mercury ion thrusters operating at one millipound thruster level. operation and, aero gravity priming of the capillary pumped loop The experiment will be flown aboard an AF spacecraft. The program (CPL) using the Hitchhiker-G carrier to provide real time data and also includes a ground test program to provide data on system command capability. The approach is to: (1) modify existing CPL performance and interfaces and a principal investigator function experiment developed as a get away special (GAS) payload for to technically guide the program and interact with potential users. flight aboard the Hitchhiker-G carrier; (2) Design and fabricate an electronics box to interface the CPL/GAS experiment to the OFFICE OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER Hitchhiker-G command and data handling system; (3) integrate the experiment with the Hitchhiker-G carrier; (4) actively monitor Standards and Practices and support the experiment during the flight; and (5) recover the experiment and reduce and analyze the flight data. W85-70262 323-51-03 W85-70259 542-03-54 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. HERMETICALLY-SEALED INTEGRATED CIRCUIT PACKAGES: SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIMENT (HEAT PIPE) DEFINITION OF MOISTURE STANDARD FOR ANALYSIS W. E. Ellis 713-483-2351 R. F. Haack 818-354-6568 The objective of this RTOP effort is to provide flight hardware The overall objective of this RTOP is to provide the technology for a Shuttle Orbiter experiment to demonstrate the inflight thermal base for a package moisture standard for the mass spectrometric performance of a large heat pipe radiator element. The experiment method for determining the moisture content in integrated circuit will verify the technology of a large capacity, extended length packages. Presently, state-of-the-art permits only inletting of a heat pipe radiator that can be constructed and maintained under calibration gas. A standard package could be analyzed in an zero-gravity operating conditions. The experiment will fully verify identical manner as that used for the packages. For water in the proper operation, including passive operation capability, insensitivity gaseous state, the type of transfer mode(s) is extremely critical to the micrometeoroid environment, insensitivity to the gravity field, and therefore any calibration method should approximate the and adequacy of the relatively small capillary and surface tension analysis of the package as closely as possible. The availability of forces critical to proper operation. The relatively large size of the such a standard is vital to the credence of results from laboratories experiment will require that it be carried in the Orbiter payload verifying the moisture content of packages as outlined in Mil Std bay. However, since the experiment can be made long and narrow 883B for ensuring functional reliability of integrated circuits. The if desired, it can easily be packaged in one of the RMS envelopes approach will involve two phases. The first phase will determine and thus be carried with minimal impact on other Orbiter payloads. the effect of surface treatment and carrier gas upon the available The hardware to be flown is directly related and in fact is a direct moisture as measured by the mass spectrometric method. These outgrowth of the ongoing R&T program in Space Power Systems results will be compared to those from earlier tests for which and planned Space Station Advanced Development Activities. The moisture level variation was less than optimum. Phase 2 will consist flight test will provide the 'transfer function' for R&T heat pipe of analyses of standard packages having given volume, carrier radiator technology into the Space Station development program. gas, surface treatment and expected moisture at the 5,000 ppm (volume/volume) level. Selected laboratories will perform this W85-70260 542-04-13 analysis in order to determine the applicability of the Standard. Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY W85-70263 323-51-05 Leo P. Daspit, Jr. 804-865-3704 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. The broad LDEF Project objectives are the following: (1) to COMPUTERIZED MATERIALS AND PROCESSES DATA BASE develop the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF); (2) to develop C. F. Key 205-453-1296 and perform a first set of experiments on the LDEF; and (3) to The objective of this research is to develop, operate and broaden the operational STS user community. The LDEF, a shuttle maintain a comprehensive user friendly, computerized materials transported, reusable unmanned, low-cost free flying structure on and processes data base system utilizing state-of-the-art technol- which many different experiments can be mounted, will be ogy. The data base will be accessible NASA wide and will include developed and manufactured in-house at Langley. The experiments, a materials selection guide, material properties data base, an many of which are completely passive with active data measure- electronic bulletin board, materials application for STS, test data, ments being made inthe laboratory after recovery, will be solicited specifications, foreign/U.S, cross references and a list of special- from all NASA Centers, other governmental agencies, industry, ists. Prior to becoming operational, user instructions/documentation and foreign countries. The STS user community will be broadened will be prepared and the system will be demonstrated to the by the LDEF providing a unique, simple, low-cost approach to community. perform large numbers of needed long duration technology and science experiments. The establishment of a continuing program W85-70264 323-51-66 to provide for LDEF reflights after the first LDEF mission with the Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. operational STS is a part of this RTOP. The implementation of NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION MEASUREMENT ASSUR- the established follow-on program is not. ANCE PROGRAM Joseph S. Heyman 804-865-3036 W85-70261 542-05-12 The objective of this program is to improve the state-of-the-art Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. in quantitative nondestructive evaluation (NDE) with particular FLIGHT TEST OF AN ION AUXILIARY PROPULSION SYSTEM emphasis on composite materials. Probing energy will include (lAPS) sonics and ultrasonics, thermal waves, and electromagnetic Louis R. Ignaczak 216-433-6652 sources to examine material properties. The results of this research A major goal of the OAST-LeRC electric propulsion effort is will ensure that material and fabrication specifications can be to achieve technology readiness and user acceptance of a high nondestructively verified and that degradation of material in use performance, long life mercury ion auxiliary propulsion system. This can be quantitatively documented. Novel and promising NDE goal depends on attaining the following objectives: (1) conducting technologies will be developed and applied to materials of critical

42 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

interestto NASA.Inparticular,soundwavesandthermalwaves, activities (323-53-50, 505-45-13-03) provides a state of the art bothphonons,willbeappliedtocompositestoevaluatethematerial data acquisition/processing capability featuring solid state digital physicalproperties(e.g.,voids)andinternalgeometricalproperties memory, microprocessing, and data compression capabilities which (e.g.,fabrication). Measurements will include elastic constants, can be adapted to acquire, analyze and record virtually any aircraft attenuation, propagation vector measurements and diffusivity. In in-flight operation or environmental parameter. This RTOP proposes addition, ultrasonic scattering and thermal propagation will be used to review and identify the important prameters required for accident to assess material damage especially from impact sources. investigation and define the capacity and configuration of a crash Development of a fully automated computer controlled robotic survivable, retrievable memory module to record and retain this scanner/receiver will permit significantly improved data for data. The state of the art in fire and shock protective techniques quantitative NDE interpretation. will be reviewed to define an optimum crash survivable configura- tion for the retrievable memory module. W85-70265 323-51-90 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70269 323-53-80 NASA CENTERS CAPABILITIES FOR RELIABILITY AND QUAL- John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. ITY ASSURANCE SEMINARS AGENCY-WIDE MISHAP REPORTING AND CORRECTIVE AC- James A. Roberts 213-354-5418 TION SYSTEM (MR/CAS) The objective is to provide R&QA seminars on a semiannual J. Wortman 305-867-4888 basis on topics to be agreed upon between the NASA centers, The KSC is developing an agency-wide MR/CAS which will and Headquarters; to provide management of hands on training serve both the NASA Centers and NASA Headquarters' needs for for all NASA centers, as well as syllabuses and training films; to mishap data collection, analysis, and eliminate the need for written library both A and B activities at JPL for access of all centers. reports currently provided on a quarterly and annual basis. The system will allow a real time exchange of mishap data, hotline W8EP70266 323-52-60 information, and lessons learned on a center to center basis and Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. a center to headquarters basis. The system, when implemented, DEVELOPMENT OF THE NASA METROLOGY SUBSYSTEM OF will be a direct effort in accident prevention throughout NASA. THE NASA EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The KSC will identify the computer hardware architecture necessary Frederick A. Kern 804-865-3745 for agency-wide automation, develop all necessary software, initiate The objective of this RTOP is to develop a metrology control a prototype program utilizing old/new software programming, subsystem to be used by NASA Center metrologists which will include coordinate and consult with other centers and headquarters for a standardized historical and calibration recall programs consisting gradual but total implementation of the Program. of calibration data, recall data, calibration interval data, calibration and repair labor, and parts costs. The requirements will be W85-70270 323-54-01 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. developed by the NASA Center metrologists through the Metrology LUNAR BASE POWER SYSTEM EVALUATION and Calibration Workshop. The development of standardized input M. B. Duke 713-483-4464 data formats, flow charts, transaction specifications, complete programs, standardized information data reports, and a user manual The objective of this RTOP is to provide an analysis of the will be accomplished on contract. This subsystem, following competing concepts for providing power for a lunar base. Ranges development at LaRC, will be implemented concurrently with NEMS of power requirements between 100KW and several Megawatts at the other field centers. will be considered. These are expected to include several of the following types of approaches: nuclear power, solar-thermal, W85-70267 323-53-06 solar-photovoltaic, and solar-dynamic systems. An evaluation will be made of which approaches can take optir_um advantage of John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. the utilization of indigenous lunar materials, to minimize the amount NASA STANDARD INITIATOR (NSl) SIMULATOR of mass that would have to be transported to the Moon. A model R. Wright 305-867-3402 will be developed that will allow alternate concepts to be tested This RTOP discusses continuous passive monitoring of ord- for cost effectiveness and to identify major areas of technology nance electrical circuits. Detection of extraneous energy on an which need to be investigated. ordnance circuit, and recording the time of event and the magnitude of the event are necessary to ensure the integrity of the ordnance OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND system. Because this type activity, as performed today on other missile programs, is inherent with cumbersome equipment (i.e., APPLICATIONS cable harnesses, power supplies, computers, electrical support equipment), there is a need to develop a small, self-contained Global Scale Atmospheric Processes simulator that will perform as many of the above-listed desirable functions as possible. The approach will be through a development process that will concentrate on using techniques similar to those W85-70271 146-66-01 used in wristwatch design. The results should produce a useful Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. NSI simulator that would be connected to the STS ordnance circuits METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS EXTRACTION during hangar/buildup/test periods. The simulator must be M. T. Chahine 818-354-2433 capable of performing a PIC load test, PIC resistance test, and (146-72-06) record the time, magnitude and duration of any extraneous transient The main objective of the proposed investigation is to develop that may inadvertently appear on the lines. rapid retrieval algorithms for accurate interpretation of remote sounding radiance data measured by the various NASA and NOAA W85-70268 323-53-50 weather satellites. The components of the retrieval algorithms will Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, Va. consist of individual numerical methods to: eliminate cloud effects ENVIRONMENTALLY PROTECTED AIRBORNE MEMORY using 3 FOV approach; refine quality control criteria; adapt results SYSTEMS (EPAMS) to GLAS GCM - 100 by 100 km grid; and improve accuracy of P. J. Alfonsi 804-824-3411 atmospheric transmission functions. (323-53-50; 505-45-13) The objective of this RTOP is to investigate the requirements W85-70272 146-66-02 for and potential configurations of an Environmentally Protected Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Airborne Memory System (EPAMS) for the NASA Automated GLOBAL SEASAT WIND ANALYSIS AND STUDIES In-Flight Data Acquisition System. This latter device which was P. M. Woiceshyn 213-354-5416 designed and implemented as the result of past NASA RTOP The objectives of this global meteorological research with high

43 OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS

resolutionsurfacewinddatafromspaceborneinstrumentsareto 15 micron channels with a spectral resolution of 0.5/cm is used conductmeteorologicalanalysesandproduceanadequatedata to sound the upper troposphere and stratosphere. Elimination of recordof uniquewindvectorsfrom the SEASAT scatterometer the effects of clouds is accomplished by taking simultaneous (SASS) raw geophysical wind data record, which includes alias measurements in the 4.3 micron and 15 micron bands. During the solutions, i.e., multiple ambiguous wind directions (up to 4); to past years conceptual designs for a 'stand alone' all infrared generate associated kinematic and climatological statistics of the AMTS for a low-Earth orbiter (LEO) have been developed. In FY-84 dealiased wind fields over the oceans; to perform global and a new Baseline V AMTS Study Report was written which includes regional meteorological research using the dealiased wind fields; the results of system interaction studies performed to date. During and to investigate the method and use of high resolution SASS FY-85 an instrument cost model will be developed and an AMTS wind data in oceans. Specifically the research tasks are: (1) shuttle mission will be defined. The results of the Baseline V analyses or SASS1 speed, direction, and dealiasing errors. This system study and the hardware constraints imposed by the shuttle includes internal consistency checks as well as discrepancies with will be used to define an AMTS shuttle experiment with the optimum in situ observations; (2) correction of the SASS wind errors by the scientific return. A cost model will be developed by the AMTS construction of a modified and improved backscatter-to-wind team and key personnel in specific technical disciplines. function, validated by a two week reprocessed SASS wind record; (3) development of statistics of meteorological parameters of W85-70275 146-72-04 importance in the global circulation of the atmosphere, including Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. spectral statistics and empirical orthogonal function analysis; and WIND MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT (4) study of special meteorological situations (e.g., storms and the R. T. Menzies 818-354-3787 interaction of the equatorial divergence zone and the intertropical The objective of this program is to evaluate certain aspects convergence zone and the synoptic climatology in regions of very of an active laser technique for global measurement of tropospheric sparse in situ data, such as the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. wind fields. This technique, based on long range Doppler lidar This would include comparisons and analysis with two SEASAT using pulsed lasers, has the potential for providing global wind instruments, SASS and SMMR. data from an orbiting platform. Several types of remote measure- ment of atmospheric wind velocities have been analyzed, e.g., W85-70273 146-72-01 passive microwave, millimeter wave, infrared radiometry, and active Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. visible and infrared range-gated lidar, with the results indicating MICROWAVE PRESSURE SOUNDER that the Doppler lidar technique (using CO2 lasers or others with D. A. Flower 818-354-4151 similar characteristics), is the superior technique for tropospheric This RTOP supports the completion of the second phase of wind field measurements. During FY-85, the work will continue on the microwave pressure sounder (MPS) research program, the an experimental study of vertical profiles of atmospheric backscat- objective of which is to develop an instrument for the remote ter at various CO2 laser wavelenghts in the 9 micrometer to measurement of atmospheric pressure at the Earth's surface. 11 micrometer region. This study will be conducted using an Design studies showed that differential absorption measurements existing TEA CO2 lidar facility, employing a single-longitudinal-mode in the wings of the 60 GHz oxygen absorption band are potentially (SLM) injection-controlled TEA laser transmitter and a heterodyne capable of providing surface pressure observations with the receiver. A new TEA laser transmitter will be installed which will accuracy and coverage suited to applications in global weather allow operation at higher pulse repetition frequencies. This will research and operational weather forecasting. The specific prevent an opportunity to assess the design parameters of an objectives of this phase of the investigation are: characterization injection-control system for operation at a pulse repetition frequency of the performance of an aircraft version of the MPS; modification approximately equal to that required or an Earth-orbiting Doppler of the instrument to obtain optimum performance; verification of lidar. the pressure measuring concept using data from test flights of the instrument on the NASA CV-990 aircraft. The approach will be to use data from previous test flights with the instrument on Upper Atmospheric Research Program the NASA CV-990 aircraft, together with the results of laboratory tests to characterize the instrumental performance. These tests will be used to define modifications to the instrument so that its W66.70276 147-11-00 long term stability is optimized. The modified instrument will be Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. further tested in the laboratory and then used in a series of test UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH - FIELD MEASUREMENTS flights on the CV-990 aircraft. Data from these flights will be WilliamS. Heaps 301-344-5106 analyzed and the results applied to previously developed optimiza- To determine specific local chemical and physical interactions tion procedures for the selection of operating frequencies of a in the atmosphere using coordinated in-situ measurement cam- satellite MPS. paigns from balloon platforms, specifically with respect to the OH radical, and related species. 1) To develop a balloon borne LIDAR W86.70274 146-72-02 system for the measurement of trace species, especially OH and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ozone. 2) The direct measurement of photolysis rates of importance ADVANCED MOISTURE AND TEMPERATURE SOUNDER in the atmosphere. 3) Develop a balloon-borne cryosampling system (AMTS) for the detection and measurement of low molecular weight M. T. Chahine 213-354-2433 hydrocarbons. The ultimate objective of this effort is to develop an infrared advanced moisture and temperature sounder (AMTS) which meets W86.70277 147-11-05 the requirements of the numerical weather prediction models of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. the 1990s. These models require global atmospheric temperature IN-SlTU MEASUREMENTS OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE profiles with an accuracy of 1K and with a vertical resolution D. E. Robbins 713-483-2956 comparable to that of radiosondes. This accuracy and vertical The objective is to continue developing the ultraviolet absorp- resolution requirement, which is not satisfied by current sounders, tion photometry technique for making in-situ measurements of is achievable with the AMTS concept by careful choice of narrow stratospheric ozone for the purposes of understanding the ozone band infrared channels utilizing the dependence of the absorption chemistry, validating solar and backscatter ultraviolet or other coefficients on pressure and temperature. Improvements in the operational satellite instruments, and providing an independent vertical resolution of tropospheric temperature profiles to meet technique for detecting a trend in stratospheric ozone caused by numerical weather prediction requirements are obtained from manmade chemical compounds. Improvements will be made in measurements with a resolution of 2/cm in high J-lines of the an existing UV absorption photometer that employs the Dasibi R-branch of the 4.3 micron CO2 band. A complementary set of technology. These changes will improve its performance in the

44 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

altituderegionabove40kmandallowmeasurementsupto45km W85-70281 147-14-99 witha precisionofabout1.5%.Theprecisionat40kmwillbe Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. 0.8%.Testswillbeconducted on the ground, either at Harvard UPPER ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS University or at the University of Minnesota, under conditions of P. Russell 415-965-5404 pressure and ozone densities observed in the upper stratosphere The overall goal of this program is to advance the under- to resolve the unproven hypothesis of ozone loss on system standing of the mechanisms that transport gases and particles walls. As in previous years there will be from four to six balloon between the stratosphere and troposphere and within the lower flights made as a piggyback experiment to intercompare with other stratosphere, and to quantify the rates of exchange on local and techniques and to study chemistry of specie groups related to global scales. Specific aims are to: (1) determine whether cumulus ozone. One flight will be made to prove instrument performance towers and their cirrus anvils are a net source or sink of strato- over the 35 km to 45 km range where maximum reduction in spheric water vapor, and understand the detailed mechanism; and ozone is predicted. (2) quantify the mass exchanged across the cloud free tropopause, and determine transfer times. A working group formulates investiga- W85-70278 147-11-07 tion guidelines. With this guidance missions are planned, organized, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. and conducted using suitable aircraft and satellite platforms. BALLOON-BORNE LASER IN-SlTU SENSOR Results are reviewed and used by the working group, made C. R. Webster 818-354-7478 available to other scientists, analyzed, and published. Examples The primary objective is the collection of reliable data on the of missions are U-2 studies of midlatitude tropopause folds and concentrations, distributions, and variabilities of the minor and trace ER-2 studies of cirrus anvils. Publications include special issues species in the stratosphere through the use of the Balloon Laser of journals and NASA TMXs. In Situ Sensor (BLISS). These data are to be used by modelers and dynamicists to assess and predict the effects of change in W85-70282 147-16-01 the chemical content of the upper atmosphere due to anthropogenic Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. activity. The BLISS instrument uses tunable diode lasers (TDLs) MULTI-SENSOR BALLOON MEASUREMENTS to measure the absorption due to selected species between the W. T. Huntress 818-354-8275 balloon gondola and a lowered retroreflector which defines a 1-km (147-12-05; 147-12-06; 147-12-08) absorption path. The TDL beam in use is stabilized onto the lowered A continuing series of stratospheric balloon flights is conducted retroreflector by use of an optical tracking system. Several to measure the abundance and altitude distribution of key chemical species can be measured simultaneously to the 0.1 ppbv level in constituents in the upper atmosphere. A modular gondola system sensitivity, throughout a diurnal cycle, and with the additional is used to carry a multi-instrumented package consisting of several possibility of altitude profiling. JPL remote sensing instruments, or instruments from other institutions in the U.S. and aboard, configured for a particular scientific purpose for any one flight. Data are obtained on the W85-70279 147-12-99 altitude profiles for a number of chemically coupled species all at Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. the same time and in the same air mass for instrument intercompar- AIRBORNE IR SPECTROMETRY ison purposes and for the validation of atmospheric chemical J. F. Vedder 415-965-6259 models. The objective is to obtain information on the spatial and temporal distribution of stratospheric constituents, for use in testing W85-70283 147-21-03 current theories of stratospheric chemistry, especially ozone Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. depletion. Infrared absorption and emission spectrometers will be CHEMICAL KINETICS OF THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE flown on balloons and aircraft in coordination with other experi- W. B. DeMore 818-354-2436 menters. Constituents will be identified and concentrations will be The objectives are to obtain direct measurements of rate inferred from the spectra obtained. constants and temperature dependences for reactions of HOx, NOx, CIOx, BrOx and ROx in stratospheric chemistry, and to W85-70280 147-14-07 develop techniques for laboratory study of relevant transient Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. species. MICROWAVE TEMPERATURE PROFILER FOR THE ER-2 AIR- CRAFT FOR SUPPORT OF STRATOSPHERIC/TROPOSPHERIC W85-70284 147-21-09 EXCHANGE EXPERIMENTS Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. B. L. Gary 213-354-3198 ROLE OF THE BIOTA IN ATMOSPHERIC CONSTITUENTS (505-45-15) M. N. Dastoor 213-354-7429 The objective of this RTOP is to construct an airborne (199-30-20) microwave radiometer that can be installed in the NASA ER-2 The objective is to acquire a data base for pertinent global aircraft for the purpose of measuring altitude temperature profiles, environmental parameters through the quantification of the so that 'potential vorticity' of the air can be determined. Potential contribution of biota. The recognition of living organisms as global vorticity will be used by other investigators of the Stratosphere/ homestatic control factor can be attributed to the fact that even Troposphere Exchange Project for the study of processes of though biological reactions allow for extremely high chemical fluxes exchange of air across the tropopause. A passive microwave globally, such fluxes are characterized by high turn over rates radiometer is under construction for installation in NASA's and in some instances, are thus masked by what appears to be a ER-2 research aircraft. Brightness temperature measurements at very modest net synthesis on a global scale. Due to the restricted 57.3 and 58.8 GHz will be made at a selection of elevation angles elemental make-up of biological systems, the possible chemical for the purpose of deriving plots of air temperature versus altitude transformations that are directly mediated by the biota are limited regime that is 8,000 feet thick (centered on the aircraft altitude). in number and are dominated by the elements: carbon, hydrogen, This instrument is an improved version of the 'airborne microwave oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur. The halocarbons are radiometer' which JPL constructed and installed in the NASA known to be a significant modulator of the ozone layer in the C-141 aircraft for 'clear air turbulence' studies. Atmospheric upper atmosphere and it is the intent of this RTOP to verify the temperature lapse rate, which will be derived from the altitude source and global flux of the halocarbon cycle. temperature profiles, will be combined with onboard wind vector measurements in order to calculate potential vorticity. Potential W85-70285 147-22-01 vorticity will be used (by other investigators) as a tracer for Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. stratospheric air, during the course of special flight missions PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE designed to study stratospheric/tropospheric exchange processes. W. B. DeMore 818-354-2436

4S OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS

TheobjectiveofthisRTOPistoconductlaboratorystudiesof processes and their interactions with the atmosphere. The stratosphericphotochemistry,includingphotolyticquantum yields, science support to the NASA Earth Systems Science Program reaction rates and mechanisms, product distributions, and absorp- will be provided through the assistance of Professor R. Goody tion cross sections. and Professor S. I. Rasool.

W85-70286 147-22-02 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Planetary Geology R&A ATMOSPHERIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY M. J. Molina 213-354-5752 Laboratory studies will be conducted to elucidate the photo- chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere. Measurements will include W85-70291 151-01-20 reaction rate constants of the hydroxyl radical with various polar Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. molecules over an extended pressure and temperature range, PLANETARY GEOLOGY absorption cross sections as a function of wavelength and W. C. Phinney 713-483-3816 temperature, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of The broad objective of the study of planetary surface processes reaction intermediates. is to develop a coherent body of data on planetary surface processes which can be used to design planetary missions and W85-70287 147-23-08 to interpret data, as well as place boundary conditions on planetary Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. evolution. The study of appropriate analogues not only places INFRARED LABORATORY SPECTROSCOPY IN SUPPORT OF boundary conditions on the evolution of other planets such as STRATOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS Mars, but also permits the evaluation on Earth of the characteristics R. A. Toth 818-354-6860 of planetary surface instrumentation. Future exploration of Mars (147-22-18) and other planets includes surface analysis and sample return The program involves the acquisition of laboratory spectra and missions. The development of these missions requires suitable the analysis of molecular spectral parameters which are required instrumentation for analyses on the surface of Mars and analogues for the interpretation of data from stratospheric measurements. of Martian surface material. Specific objectives are: (1) to determine The laboratory spectral measurements will be conducted specifi- through detailed grain-by-grain studies of several terrestrial soils cally in support of the JPL infrared interferometers. These the processes and history that can be deduced through such instruments have requirements relative to spectral regions of data, (2) to characterize the gases released by thermal decomposi- operation, spectral resolution, and molecules for which they are tion of Martian surface analogue materials and evaluate the best suited. Emphasis is placed on accuracy of line frequency, feasibility of accomplishing such analyses in situ, (3) to map the line width, and line strength measurements, in order to take full volcanic stratigraphy on the surface of Io, and (4) to determine advantage of spectroscopic techniques for quantitative atmo- the thermochemical properties and kinetics of potential regolith material on Mars and Venus. spheric species measurement. A large portion of the spectral data will also be of value to other groups who use spectroscopic instruments for atmospheric measurements. W85-70292 151-01-60 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. W85-70288 147-23-99 PLANETOLOGY: AEOLIAN PROCESSES ON PLANETS Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. B. F. Smith 415-965-5515 QUANTITATIVE INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF MINOR CON- The objective of this research is to determine the parameters STITUENTS OF THE EARTH'S STRATOSPHERE governing aeolian (wind) processes for appropriate planetary Charles Chackerian, Jr. 415-965-6300 objects (Earth, Mars, Venus, possibly Titan) using wind tunnel Remote detection and measurement of stratospheric minor simulations, laboratory experiments, Earth analog studies, theoreti- constituent species via spectroscopic techniques are being routinely cal studies, and analyses of spacecraft data. The approach is to employed to develop a better understanding of this portion of our conduct experiments using wind tunnel and other laboratory atmosphere and man's effect upon it. Proper interpretatiOn of these apparatus under simulated Earth conditions, check the results in measurements relies strongly on having the correct molecular the field on Earth, then repeat the experiments in a simulated, parameters. The objective of this work is to obtain laboratory extraterrestrial environment (e.g., Martian), in order to learn about: measurements of basic molecular parameters, such as rotational (1) conditions for the initiation and sustainment of particle line intensities and half-widths, absorption band intensities, movement, (2) erosion of various materials, and (3) surface textures vibrational and rotational constants, vibration rotation interaction produced by wind abrasion under planetary conditions. Field constants, and line position measurements including pressure experiments will be conducted to determine threshold conditions induced shifts. The determination of these parameters, and their under natural conditions and to determine aeolian patterns around dependence on pressure and temperature, will be obtained by full-scale landforms. A field-portable anemometer will be used for using long path gas cells, cooled ceils, high resolution interferome- studying the dynamics of particle motion and bedform development. ters, and tunable diode laser spectrometers. Long-term field experiments will continue on the rate of aeolian erosion under natural conditions to provide a check for the W85-70289 147-51-02 laboratory experiments. Spacecraft data from the Viking and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Venera missions will be analyzed to interpret aeolian processes DATA SURVEY AND EVALUATION on Mars and Venus. W. B. DeMore 818-354-2436 The objective is to identify gaps and inconsistencies in the W85-70293 151-01-70 data base pertaining to stratospheric kinetic and photochemical Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. reactions. The corrected data will be used by atmospheric PROGRAM OPERATIONS modelers. D. B. Nash 213-354-4154 This RTOP supports overall goals of the Geochemistry and W85-70290 147-51-12 Geophysics Research and Analysis Program at JPL. Specifically, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. it will provide discretionary funds to the program manager to support INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCE SUPPORT special needs that may arise in various tasks in the program. M. T. Chahine 818-354-2433 These needs may include supplemental salary support for tasks The objective of this RTOP is to support the NASA Earth and purchase of key items of experimental equipment in order to Sciences and Applications Division in the development and upgrade JPL's ability to conduct relevant and timely experiments application of remote sensing techniques to study land surface with state-of-the-art equipment.

46 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

W85-70294 151-02-50 tion, structure, and evolution of planetary bodies and their satellites. GoddardSpaceFlightCenter,Greenbelt,Md. Further, the implications of those studies for the origin and evolution SMALLMARSVOLCANOES,KNOBBYTERRAINANDTHE of the solar system are to be considered. Theoretical knowledge, BOUNDARYSCARP physical insight and mathematical modeling techniques are used, HerbertFrey301-344-5450 together with geophysical and astronomical data to construct Theobjectivesare:(1)developanunderstandingofthenature self-consistent mathematical descriptions of planetary processes andoriginofsmallscalevolcanicstructuresandtheirrelationto and structures. Analysis and interpretation of the results of these knobbyterrainandtheboundaryscarpwhichseparatesthe model calculations are applied to such topics as the structure crateredhighlandsandnorthernplains;(2)determinethevariable and evolution of the satellites of the outer planets, the internal characteristicsof knobbyterrain,detachedplateaus,andother structure of Uranus and Neptune, and the accretion of planets structureswhichcharacterizethisboundaryscarp;and(3)develop and satellites. amodelfortheformationofsmallscalevolcanicstructuresinthe regionof theboundary.Photogeologicstudyof thedistribution andcharacteristicsofsubkilometerandlarger(1to10km)volcanic coneslocatedneartheboundaryscarpandof otherfeatures (knobbyterrain,detachedplateaus,incompleteandpartiallyburied W85-70298 151-02-60 craters)commonlyfoundnearthescarpwillbeconducted.The Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. arealfrequencyofthesefeaturesalongprofilesevery5degrees NASA-AMES RESEARCH CENTER VERTICAL GUN FACILITY inlongitudewillbemapped,andthechangeinarealextentwill F. J. Centolanzi 415-965-5269 becomparedwithchangesintopography,plainsformingunits, The Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Range is a ballistic andoccurrenceofdepositionalunits.Thelongitudinalvariationof facility used to simulate and study the physics and mechanics of thesecomparisons will be determined to characterize the nature planetary impact cratering phenomena. Ballistic technologies, of the boundary scarp in terms of the dominant processes utilizing light gas and gun powder, enable acceleration of projectiles responsible for its development, the role of mega-impacts in this up to 2 centimeters diameter at relative velocities of approximately development will be examined, and the nature of the scarp to 8 km/sec. By varying the gun's angle of elevation with respect to possible extra-martian analogs will be compared. the target vacuum tank, impact angles from 0 degrees to 90 degrees with respect to the gravitational vector are possible. In W85-70295 151-02-60 conjunction with the Lunar and Planetary Institute, Ames Research Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Center (ARC) operates the Ames Vertical Gun Facility as a national THEORETICAL STUDIES OF PLANETARY BODIES facility. ARC's responsibility is to manage the Vertical Gun Facility J. B. Pollack 415-965-5530 operations, including manpower, expendables, targets, etc., The purpose of this research is to obtain a better understanding maintain equipment and provide for facility modification and of selected problems pertaining to planetary surface phenomena; upgrading as needed. ARC operates the facility in such a manner the composition, structure, and evolution of planetary bodies and as to provide maximum support to the scientific community in the their satellites; and the origin of the solar system. This research studying and understanding of impact processes in planetary formation and modification. will be accomplished by means of theoretical investigations employing the results of spacecraft and ground-based experiments. Theoretical knowledge, physical insight, and mathematical modeling techniques are used together with astronomical and geological data to construct self-consistent mathematical descriptions of W85-70299 151-05-60 planetary processes and structures. Analysis and interpretation of Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. the results of these model calculations are applied to such topics STUDIES OF PLANETARY RINGS as wind-blown surface features and climatic changes on Mars, J. N. Cuzzi 415-965-6343 and aeolian phenomena on Venus and Titan. The objectives of this research are to obtain theoretical understanding of the processes which determine the structure of W85-70296 151-02-60 planetary rings, and to explore hypotheses for the origin and Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. evolution of the systems. To this end, both ring structure and ring FORMATION, EVOLUTION, AND STABILITY OF PRO- particle properties must be analyzed. In addition to theoretical TOSTELLAR DISKS studies, analysis and interpretation of ground-based observations P. M. Cassen 415-965-5597 will be employed. The objectives of this research are: (1) to obtain an under- standing of the solar nebula and proto-stellar disks in general by analysis of theoretical models based on hydrodynamic and thermodynamic principles, and to relate these models to processes of planetary formation. The optical and infrared appearance of W85-70300 151-05-80 proto-stellar accretion disks and circumstellar dust disks are studied Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and the results applied to observations of solar-type, T-Tauri, and GEOLOGIC STUDIES OF OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM SATEL- other stars in young clusters; (2) to examine the stability of LITES proto-stellar disks against gravitational condensation, and to S. W. Squyres 415-965-5491 explore the role of instabilities in disk evolution and planetary The purpose of this research is to obtain a better understanding formation; (3) to analyze the possible roles of gravitational and of selected problems pertaining to the solid bodies of the outer magnetic interactions between protostars and their disks. Results solar system, including the satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus. will be analyzed in the light of observations of the solar system The problems included deal with the origin and evolution of surface and astronomical objects identified as protostars. features and internal structures of these bodies. A variety of techniques is used to investigate the problems under consideration. W85-70297 151-02-60 These include geologic mapping and interpretation, quantitative Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. analysis of digital spacecraft images, and use of geophysical and THE STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF PLANETS AND SATEL- astronomical data to construct numerical models of surface LITES processes and internal evolution. Examples of problems to be R. T. Reynolds 415-965-5532 considered include geologic mapping of Ganymede, quantitative The objective is to better understand by means of theoretical characterization of the morphology and distribution of tectonic investigations employing the results of spacecraft and Earth features on Ganymede, study of regolith evolution on small based experiments, selected problems pertaining to the composi- satellites, and study of very recent geologic activity on Europa.

47 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

Planetary Materials W85-70304 152-13-40 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. PLANETARY MATERIALS: CHEMISTRY J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, W85-70301 152-11-40 origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. measure the concentration of selected chemical elements (major, PLANETARY MATERIALS: MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY minor, and trace) in rock samples of interest. Data obtained J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 supplement, and are often combined with, petrologic studies to The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, yield bounds on thermodynamic parameters at the time of rock origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is origin. Rock samples from the Moon, meteorites (asteroids, to learn the pressure, temperature and chemical composition of comets), cosmic dust (comets, asteroids) and the Earth will be distinct mineralogic phases at the time of their formation. Textures, analyzed using a variety of sophisticated techniques, including structures and chemical composition of minerals found in samples neutron activation analysis (NAA), X-ray fluorescence, atomic of the Moon, meteorites (asteroids, comets), cosmic dust (comets, absorption spectrophotometry, gamma-ray spectrometry, and asteroids) and the Earth will be measured using optical and electron proton-induced X-ray emission. Relative abundances of trace microscope and electron microprobe techniques. Comparison of elements in different samples place bounds on the characteristics these results with those from laboratory calibration experiments of the sources from which the rock-forming materials are derived. and theoretical models will lead to pressure, temperature and history information for parts of Solar System objects. W85-70305 152-13-60 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. PLANETARY MATERIALS-CARBONACEOUS METEORITES W85-70302 152-12-40 S. Chang 415-965-6206 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. The objective of this research is to understand the processes PLANETARY MATERIALS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES involved in the origin and early evolution of solid bodies in the J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 solar system through the study of meteorites. The approach taken The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, to meet the objectives focuses on the chemical and mineralogical- origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is petrographic analyses of meteorites. The abundance, isotopic to execute laboratory experiments and develop theoretical models composition and distribution of selected elements are measured; which aid the understanding of the crystallization behavior of and the occurrence and distribution of various mineral phases are rock-forming minerals in a wide variety of environments. Mineral determined. Systematic searches for elemental, isotopic and systems similar to those found in samples from the Moon, mineralogic-petrologic correlations between meteorites and within meteorites (asteroids, comets), cosmic dust (comets, asteroids) a meteorite will be made so as to elucidate physical-chemical and the Earth will be studied experimentally by observing the relationships in the meteorite population. From these relationships products of crystallization from experimental charges of known will be deduced the nature of the processes that were involved in composition cooled under known pressure and temperature the origins, accretion and distribution of these objects and their conditions. Comparison of these results with the mineralogy of components in the early solar system. In turn these processes naturally-occurring samples will lead to pressure-temperature and are modeled by laboratory or computer experiments from which history information for parts of these Solar System objects. the chemical and mineralogical outcomes can be determined. Findings from meteorite analyses and model studies are then compared for self-consistency. W85-70303 152-12-40 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. W85-70306 152-14-40 A LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF THE FORMATION, PRO- Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. PERTIES AND EVOLUTION OF PRESOLAR GRAINS PLANETARY MATERIALS: GEOCHRONOLOGY B. Donn 301-344-6859 J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 (188-41-51; 154-75-80) The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, The objectives of this program are: (1) to perform experiments origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is to determine the mechanism by which refractory materials to determine the absolute time when a particular event, such as condense from the vapor and the relative importance of the factors the eruption of a volcano or the formation of a large impact crater, which control the rate of cluster formation and growth for occurred. The concentrations of radioactive decay products and astrophysically relevant species; (2) determine the structure and the corresponding parent isotopes will be measured in carefully composition of solids condensed from cosmically abundant selected rock samples using mass spectrometric techniques. With refractory mixtures; (3) monitor changes which occur in these knowledge of the decay constant (half life) for the radioactive materials as the result of thermal annealing, hydration and exposure element, and assuming a closed chemical system, the time since to cosmic rays. The results will be a major contribution to system closure may be deduced. Systems currently in use are: characterizing the nature of grains present in the primitive solar K-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Lu, Hf and U-Th-Pb. Study of extinct nebula prior to its collapse. Objective 1 will be investigated using radioactive nuclides, such as Pu, leads to information on the interval a cluster beam apparatus. The equilibrium composition and size of time between the formation of the nuclide and its incorporation distribution of clusters as a function of temperature will be into a solid. monitored via a quadrupole mass spectrometer. These data will yield the concentration and stability of pre-condensation clusters W85-70307 152-15-40 as a function of composition. Objectives 2 and 3 require a separate Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. flow system, designed to produce grains rather than clusters, and PLANETARY MATERIALS: ISOTOPE STUDIES able to produce large amounts of multicomponent grains. The J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 structure and composition of these initial grains will be deter- The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, mined via X-ray and electron diffraction studies. The infrared and origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is UV/visible spectra will be obtained and the particle morphology to determine the isotopic composition of selected elements in will be studied in SEM and STEM. Samples of these materials planetary materials. Isotopically distinct material, which cannot be will be annealed at controlled temperatures for various times, and understood as the product of known fractionation processes, may exposed to either liquid or gaseous water or a 1 MeV proton indicate the presence of pre-solar material. Light elements are beam. The changes thus induced will be studied by the tech- studied to learn more about fractionation processes. A secondary niques mentioned. objective is to develop an ion microprobe which will provide easier

48 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

analysis and increased spatial resolution and sensitivity for isotopic program provides samples and information for about 65 domestic composition measurements. Samples of moon rocks and meteor- and foreign lunar sample investigator groups, over 100 meteorite ites will be analyzed using mass spectrometric techniques to learn investigtor groups, and six to ten cosmic dust investigators. isotopic compositions, mainly of noble gases, hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Theoretical calculations will be made to relate W85-70311 152-30-40 the expected products of nucleosynthesis to observations of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. anomalous material in meteorites. A commercially purchased ion PLANETARY MATERIALS - LABORATORY FACILITIES microprobe is being upgraded in the laboratory of G. J. Wasserburg, M. B. Duke 713-483-4464 C.I.T. This plan provides for support by JSC of a general operational nature necessary to the conduct of the OSSA Planetary Materials W85-70308 152-17-40 Program. It provides inhouse laboratory maintenance and Center Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Operations support for the visiting scientist programs of the NASA PLANETARY MATERIALS: SURFACE AND EXPOSURE and other organizations (National Research Council, Lunar and STUDIES Planetary Institute, NASA Graduate Intern, etc.) and to the Sample J. W. Dietrich 713-483-6241 Curator. It provides for modernization of instrumentation to maintain The general objective is to obtain information about the nature, optimum analytical capability for staff and visitors. origin and evolution of the Solar System. The specific objective is to learn about the interaction between the space environment, W85-70312 152-30.40 which consists of meteorites, galactic cosmic rays, and solar Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. particles and electromagnetic radiations. Samples of the lunar JSC GENERAL OPERATIONS - GEOPHYSICS AND GEOCHEM- regolith offer the opportunity to find variations in the intensity of ISTRY the environmental factors over geologic time. A variety of ap- M. B. Duke 713-483-4464 proaches will be used. The radioactivity of cosmic-ray produced General operations support a variety of institutional and nuclides will be analyzed as a function of sample depth. Surfaces scientific support tasks at JSC that are considered essential for will be studied using electron microscopes. Etchable heavy element the conduct of research and for implementation of the Planetary ionization damage tracks will be revealed and studied. Solar wind Geophysics and Geochemistry Program. Center support services noble gases will be analyzed mass spectrometrically. such as printing, computer, photographic, and graphics are provided Multidisciplinary studies will be done using selected samples. to the Lunar and Planetary Institute through a procedural agreement. Inhouse support provides for co-sponsorship of W85-70309 152-19-40 conferences, laboratory costs required by visiting scientists using Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. existing facilities, and for cost required to operate common EARLY CRUSTAL GENESIS laboratory facilities and to provide for support services from other W. C. Phinney 713-483-3816 Center elements. If meaningful models are to be developed for the evolution of the solar system, then physical and chemical constraints must be developed for the processes involved in the evolution of the solid Planetary Atmospheres R&A objects in the solar system. The specific objectives are: to identify the key physical and chemical processes and the initial conditions for crustal evolution, to understand the evolution of planetary crusts W85-70313 154-10-80 in relationship to the overall history of individual planetary bodies, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and to understand the reasons for the differences in evolution PLANETARY ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, STRUCTURE, among the various planetary crusts. The strategy is to adopt an AND HISTORY interdisciplinary and cross-planetary approach to the questions of J. B. Pollack 415-965-5530 crustal genesis. The program is a multidisciplinary effort carried Theoretical modeling and spacecraft data interpretation are out by individual scientists and teams from universities, industries, used to determine the properties and physical processes character- and government agencies. Major efforts will be devoted to: studying istic of planetary atmospheres. These properties include their samples that are related to the early formed crusts, searching for temperature structure, aerosols, cloud layers, gaseous constituents, early terrestrial crustal units, studying materials from potential and opacity sources. Emphasis is placed on reducing and analyzing terrestrial analogs of early planetary crusts, and modeling crustal data returned from spacecraft missions, such as Pioneer Venus evolution. and Voyager or preparing for data expected from future spacecraft missions, such as Galileo. However, use is also made of relevant W85-70310 162-20.40 ground-based observations. In addition, the origin and evolution Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. of planetary atmospheres and the outer planets are studied by PLANETARY MATERIALS: PRESERVATION AND DISTRIBU- constructing models that are constrained by relevant spacecraft TION and ground-based data. D. P. Blanchad 713-483-3274 This RTOP provides for maintenance of the Lunar Sample W85-70314 154-20-80 Collection under secure, controlled environment conditions; for the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. description of samples as new materials are prepared for analysis; DYNAMICS OF PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES for the maintenance of records of the status and distribution of R. E. Young 415-965-5515 lunar samples; for providing lunar samples to approved investigators (155-04-80) and for display purposes; and for technical monitoring of NASA- The dynamics of the atmospheres of Venus and Mars are funded grants/contracts to Extraterrestrial Materials Investigators. being studied using multi-dimensional circulation models. The Similar functions are provided for the Antarctic meteorite collection, coupled momentum and energy equations are solved numerically including initial description, processing for distribution to investiga- using combinations of finite difference and spectral methods. The tors, and maintenance under controlled environment. Information principal goals are to compare model results with spacecraft data on the meteorite collection is disseminated. Staff members and attempt to understand the dynamical effects of varying participate in field collection. Cosmic dust samples are collected planetary rotation rate, solar energy deposition, infrared opacity, and characterized using high altitude aircraft for distribution to atmospheric mass and composition. In addition to the modeling scientific investigators. Curatorial techniques for, and educational studies, participation in the French/USSR VEGA Mission balloon use of, materials from the various collections are developed. experimental studies of the Venus atmospheric structure and Operation, which is undertaken by support contractor personnel, dynamics is continuing by Ames scientists working as part of the is directed by Civil Servant scientists and administrators. The U.S. Science Team for this Mission. This work includes review of

49 OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS

experimentalapproachanddiscussionofimprovementsthereto, of either global or small scale phenomena using data sets from a calibrationreviewand analysis, and analysis of the mission data variety of spacecraft. These empirical descriptions of the at- when they are received. mospheres and ionospheres are subsequently interpreted using theoretical models developed to deduce the physical and chemi- W85-70315 154-30-80 cal processes involved. Some of the specific phenomena addressed Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. in this investigation include: atmospheric and ionospheric motions PLANETARY CLOUDS PARTICULATES AND ICES on Venus, Jupiter and Earth, interactions of solar wind and/or O. B. Toon 415-965-5971 magnetosphere with atmospheres of Venus, Titan, and Earth, The objectives are: (1) to determine the physical and chemi- including modification of transport coefficients by instability cal process responsible for the observed cloud structures on Mars, processes, solar planetary relationships, comparative planetary Venus and Titan; (2) to better define the cloud structure on Titan atmospheres, etc. by reanalyzing Voyager data using a multiple scattering code; (3) to provide comparisons between terrestrial and planetary W85.70318 154-60-80 clouds; and (4) to use models to provide a self consistent framework Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. for determining cloud properties. A generalized planetary cloud AERONOMY THEORY AND ANALYSIS/COMET MODELS computer code is being developed which will allow a large variety W. T. Huntress, Jr. 818-354-8275 of problems to be approached from a consistent framework. This (154-75-80) new code should simplify future calculations. Currently existing Theoretical chemical models will be constructed of the chemical versions of this code are being used to simulate the haze on structure of cometary comae. The first objective is to derive Titan and Martian dust storms. The chemical clouds of Venus constraints on the initial composition by comparison with observa- and the condensational clouds of Mars and Titan will be studied tion, and thus make deductions concerning the origin of comets. in the near future. The second objective is to prepare a model of the ion coma for comparison with Table Mountain Observatory data and to provide W85-70316 154-40-80 a pre-encounter model for the Giotto, ion mass spectrometer team. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURES W85.70319 154-75-80 G. S. Orton 213-354-2460 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. (154-10-80) AERONOMY: CHEMISTRY The objective of this research is the development of accurate W. T. Huntress, Jr. 818-354-8275 numerical approaches for the interpretation of infrared remote (154-60-80) sensing data obtained under realistic conditions, in the presence The objective of this work is to conduct laboratory investigations of anticipated measurement noise as well as in the presence of of the ion chemistry of planetary atmospheres and cometary comae. clouds and aerosols. Five important problems will be addressed: The goal of the ion chemistry work is to obtain product distributions (1) determination of atmospheric temperature profiles in the and rate constants for ion-molecule reactions important in the presence of clouds and aerosols when cloud cover is uniform or atmospheres of the planets, their satellites, and in cometary comae. when temperature and cloud variations are highly correlated, The goal of this work is to elucidate the chemistry of the Venus (2) determination of both macro- and microphysical cloud proper- atmosphere in the 60-110 km region. The roles of SO2 and HCI ties, (3) determination of temperature in the presence of strong in the Venus atmosphere will be studied, with the particular positive temperature gradients, (4) determination of gaseous objectives of explaining the photochemical stability of CO2 and abundance profiles in the presence of clouds, (5) assembly of the detailed sulfur chemistry leading to cloud formation. Photochem- requisite molecular spectroscopic data for the application of these ical experiments relevant to hydrocarbon chemistry in the Titan techniques in the outer solar system. The approach will use a atmosphere will be conducted. relaxation technique developed by Chahine, coupled with accurate and efficient radiative transfer algorithms, together with a simulta- W85-70320 154-80-80 neous theoretical approach to these problems. Testing of these Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. techniques will be done using numerical simulations of data, EXTENDED ATMOSPHERES comparing the conditions of the generating model with those H. A. Taylor, Jr. 301-344-6610 retrieved by the technique. The model test environments of The objective of the RTOP is to advance the understanding significance in the near term will be the outer planets and Mars, of comparative solar-planetary relationships. Global characteristics in support of Voyager and Galileo data analysis and future mission of ionospheric-neutral atmosphere variations are studied, as experiment planning. indicators of energy coupling processes regulating the upper atmosphere in the region extending from cloud levels to the W85.70317 154-60-80 ionopause. By examining the behavior of the ionic constituents at Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. lower altitudes near the exobase and at higher altitudes approach- PLANETARY AERONOMY: THEORY AND ANALYSIS ing the ionopause, insight is obtained with respect to collision R. E. Hartle 301-344-8234 dominated as well as collisionless processes. Studies of Venus The basic objective is to study the observed properties of the will examine longer term effects, such as the basic planetary neutral atmospheres and ionospheres of the planets and their atmosphere evolution, as well as short term effects such as the satellites, including Earth, in order to identify and interpret the ion and neutral response to variations in solar radiation and in physical and chemical processes governing their behavior, the solar wind. The approach involves the analysis of global sets encompassing solar planetary relationships. The motivating of planetary and interplanetary satellite data describing the philosophy here is that the study of processes occurring in the composition, structure, and energetic states of the planetary atmospheres and ionospheres of the planets and their satellites atmosphere-ionosphere system. The study emphasizes phenomen- provides important insights into the nature of similar processes ological data sets descriptive of uniquely varying conditions or operative in the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere under different events. Results of the empirical studies are assessed in terms of parametric conditions and vice versa. The investigations are current theoretical models. Comparison of model results for pursued by analyzing and interpreting experimental data derived contrasting planetary conditions, e.g., Earth and Venus, are largely from flight programs after funding from project offices has performed to test basic physical concepts. terminated. The data are used to determine the various chemical, compositional, dynamical and energetic states of the respective W85-70321 154-80-80 atmospheres and ionospheres, including the transport and deposi- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. tion of mass, momentum and energy in these regimes. In general, EXTENDED ATMOSPHERES the approach involves the development of empirical descriptions Z. Sekanina 818-354-7589

5O OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

Thenatureofthecometary nucleus and the ejected dust are and water cycles. The models will include both solar and infrared investigated by techniques which combine a dynamical approach effects of aerosols, cloud microphysical processes, and the with photometric considerations. The aim is to interpret a broad transport of passive and active (radiatively) tracers. The 1-D model range of dust phenomena in the coma and tail, to assess the will be used to isolate aerosol effects on the CO2 cycle and material strength of the nucleus and the degree of heterogeneity assess the significance of diurnal variations on the water cycle. of its surface, to determine the rotation constants of comets, and Results of the 1-D simulations will then be used to help design to examine their nonuniform activity with time, especially the the 2-D experiments which will focus on the role of atmospheric occurrence and distribution of outbursts. The main object of study transport. is the surface morphology of Comet Halley, for which high-resolution photographs from the 1910 apparition are digitized, image pro- W85-70324 155-04-80 cessed, and analyzed in collaboration with S. M_ Larson, Univer- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. sity of Arizona. The overall objectives of this research are to VEGA BALLOON AND VBLI ANALYSIS investigate the dynamical response of the dayside Venus iono- R. A. Preston 213-354-6895 sphere to changing solar wind conditions and to examine the role (154-20-84) that short timescale phenomena play in the observed ionospheric In June 1985, two balloons will be inserted into the Venus structure. This will be accomplished by modeling observed atmosphere as part of a Soviet/French mission to Venus. U.S. variations in ionospheric density, temperature, and magnetic field scientists are members of the Balloon Science Team. The balloons profiles, including ion-neutral coupling effects. In particular, will float at 55 km altitude near the equator and last 1-2 days. ion-neutral coupling in the main peak region of the Venus Ground-based VLBI tracking will provide the three components of ionosphere will be simulated using the coupled continuity and the wind vector as a function of time. These measurements momentum equations, including photoproduction, chemical loss and combined with in-situ measurements of temperature, pressure and magnetic pressure. Time scales for ionospheric dynamical pro- relative vertical wind velocity, will allow an analysis of atmospheric cesses will also be calculated, including MHD and acoustic-gravity transport of momentum and heat by eddy motions. In-situ measure- wave propagation, horizontal and vertical advection, chemical loss, ments of cloud density and lightning will also be performed. This MHD instability and turbulence, and the effects of varying upstream task supports management of the U.S. science team, mission conditions on ionopause dynamics. The stability, structure, and planning, and VLBI analysis. dynamics of Kelvin-Helmholtz and turbulence-generated flux ropes will also be simulated. W85-70325 155-20-40 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. W85-70322 154-90-80 MARS DATA ANALYSIS Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. W. C. Phinney 713-483-3816 PLANETARY LIGHTNING AND ANALYSIS OF VOYAGER OB- The broad objective of the study of planetary surface processes SERVATIONS AND AEROSOLS AND RING PARTICLES is to develop a, coherent body of data on planetary surface W. J. Rorucki 415-965-6492 processes which can be used to design planetary missions and The general objectives of this research are to determine the to interpret data as well as place boundary conditions on planetary role of atmospheric electrical processes in the evolution of evolution. The study of appropriate analogues not only places planetary atmospheres and to delineate the electrical and meteorol- boundary conditions on the evolution of other planets such as ogical processes that give rise to the extreme electric fields required Mars but also permits, on Earth, the evaluation of the characteristics for lightning. The general approach is to use comparative planetol- of planetary surface instrumentation. Future exploration of Mars ogy; i.e., to compare the spacecraft observations with terrestrial and other planets includes surface analysis and sample return observations and theory in order to understand the processes missions. The development of these missions requires suitable occurring on other planets and to check the applicability of the instrumentation for analyses on the surface of Mars and analogues theories that have been developed to explain terrestrial lightning of Martian surface material. The specific objective is: To study and atmospheric electricity. Efforts will be directed toward the weathering processes that are driven by UV and particulate determining the location of the lightning activity on Venus and radiation. The approach will be through use of a simulation chamber Jupiter and toward determining the roles of condensible vapors that reproduces Martian weathering conditions, and a variety of and air-mass convergence. The electrical charging of aerosols analytical techniques to study the weathering products. and droplets will be considered. Images of Titan, Saturn, Jupiter and the rings of Jupiter and Saturn obtained by Voyager are used to determine the properties of atmospheric and ring particles. Halleys Comet Watch/Experiments Radiative transfer programs are used in conjunction with the data to quantify particle characteristics. W85-70326 156-02-02 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Mars Data Analysis THE LARGE SCALE PHENOMENA PROGRAM OF THE INTERNATIONAL HALLEY WATCH (IHW) John C. Brandt 301-344-8701 W85-70323 155-04-80 The major objectives of this program are: (1) to construct a Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. worldwide network of observatories with wide field imaging PHYSICAL AND DYNAMICAL MODELS OF THE CLIMATE ON capability for participation in the Large Scale Phenomena portion MARS of the International Halley Watch; (2) to scientifically analyze the R. Haberle 415-965-6364 imagery obtained from the net using sophisticated state of the art The climate of Mars is characterized by the seasonal cycles computer image processing techniques; (3) to provide support to of dust, water and CO2. While the Viking and Mariner 9 spacecraft the deep space comet Halley missions flown by international space missions have provided a good first order definition of the amplitude agencies. The International Halley Watch (IHW) is an organization and phase of these cycles, the processes controlling them remain whose steering group is composed of members from many uncertain. The objectives of this work are to understand: (1) how countries and whose purpose and functions--the advocacy of the presence of suspended aerosols (dust or ice) affects the CO2 worldwide observations of Halley and the collection and analysis cycle; (2) what role atmospheric transport plays in the water cycle of any data such obtained--has been officially endorsed by the and how that role changes with the occurrence of global dust International Astronomical Union (IAU). The present investigator storms; and (3) how much dust can be transported into polar (J. C. Brandt) has been selected as discipline specialist for the regions during global dust storms. The approach is to develop Large Scale Phenomena program of the IHW. He and his science 1-D and 2-D models that numerically simulate the present CO2 team will administer this program via the construction of a worldwide

51 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

network for the observation of large scale phenomena such as Network (at JPL), the data will be verified, weighted, reduced and rapidly variable plasma tail features and similarly wide field dust transmitted electronically to ESOC. tail structures. The program's modus operandi requires the forwarding by participating observatories of their best photographic W85-70330 156-03-03 plates (or film copies) to the Science Team for analysis. Individual Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. observatories retain full proprietary rights to the analysis of their GIOTTO ION MASS SPECTROMETER CO-INVESTIGATOR own data whereas the discipline specialist and his team reserve SUPPORT the right to analyze the worldwide data as a whole. M. Neugebauer 818-354-2005 The objectives of this task are to: (1) optimize the design of W86-70327 156-02-02 the Ion Mass Spectrometer based on the High Energy Range Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Spectrometer (HERS) for use on Giotto, (2) generate an end-to-end INTERNATIONAL HALLEY WATCH computer simulation of the trajectories of ions through the R. Newburn 818-354-2319 instrument, (3) assist in calibration of the flight and spare The objective of the International Halley Watch is to maximize instruments, (4) prepare for data analysis, and (5) support the the scientific value of ground-based observations of Halley's Comet. Principal Investigator of this experiment as required. The approach Important in their own right, such observations will also enhance involves both computer simulation of the instrument and participa- the value of space observations, setting the brief duration flyby tion in instrument calibration. Frequent contact between all team data in the context of the overall apparition, placing the extremely members is maintained to coordinate interfaces and requirements. high resolution encounter data into the normal scale of observa- This task also involves the generation of required documents, tions, and filling in missing data. Its goals are to standardize development of data-reduction algorithms, evaluation of instru- observing techniques wherever useful and possible, to coordinate ment performance, analysis of flight data, and submission of the observing, and to collect and publish all data in a comprehen- reduced data to the National Space Science Data Center. sive Halley Archive. The IHW is designed to avoid the problems of 1910 where the two major monographs on Halley were not published until 21 and 24 years later and where much data W85-70331 156-03-04 remains unpublished to this day. Individual nets of observers Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. worldwide are organized for each observing technique by seven GIOTTO PIA CO-I Discipline Specialist teams. Overall IHW coordination internally and Z. Sekanina 818-354-7589 with flight projects is the responsibility of a Lead Center Organiza- There are three primary objectives under this task. The first is tion (LCO) established in Pasadena, CA, USA and Bamberg, FRG, the theoretical support for the PIA experiment (Sekanina, Zook) as is responsibility for IHW publications. which includes the study of the dust environment of Comet Halley, the formulation of dust models, and the structure of the surface W85-70328 156-03-01 layer of the comet's nucleus. The second objective is the laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. support for the experiment (Brownlee, Clark, Utterback) which GIOTTO HALLEY MODELLING includes a study of fine-grained extraterrestrial particles by a laser R. L. Newburn, Jr. 818-354-2319 mass spectrometer, by an ion microprobe, and via X-ray mi- The primary objective of this task is creation of detailed, croanalysis in the scanning electron microscope; the preparation quantitative, environmental models of Halley's Comet to aid in of test projectile particles; the provision of test results and circuit proper design and flight of a spacecraft and of spacecraft design information related to the impact light-flash subsystem and instruments. Two efforts are under way to model P/Halley. One the high speed ion sensor subsystem; and the assistance in aims at understanding the range of physical parameters of normal developing and applying a laser blow-off ion source for particle comets, placing Halley among these by use of its light curve impact simulation in flight readiness tests. The third objective is (brightness vs. time) determined in 1910. The other attempts to the participation in the flight data reduction and interpretation (all better understand Halley through study of all available 1910 co-investigators) which includes the conclusions on the particle observations. The general models are advancing toward a composition, mineralogy, dust production, particle-mass distribution, and nucleus structure and evolution. self-consistent set of physical parameters, with only a few free parameters to be based upon observation. The 1910 photographic plates are being computer enhanced to aid the second approach. W85-70332 166-03-05 The general theory is being programmed to provide environmental Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. models along any selected spacecraft trajectory. GIOTTO, MAGNETIC FIELD EXPERIMENTS Mario H. Acuna 301-344-7258 W85-70329 156-03-O2 We shall participate in the magnetometer experiment for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. GIOTTO mission to comet Halley. This experiment will provide GIOTTO EPHEMERIS SUPPORT rapid (up to 30 vectors/sec), precise (0.1%), accurate and very D. K. Yeomans 213-354-2127 sensitive (-I- or - 0.004 nT) vector measurements over a wide The objectives under this task are to provide the European dynamic range (7 ranges from -t- or - 16 nT to -t- or - 65536 nT, Space Operations Centre (ESOC) with information, analysis and with the uppermost ranges for easy check-out during S/C documented software that will enable them to independently update integration) of the magnetic fields observed during the GIOTTO the orbit and ephemeris of comet Halley in 1985 to 86. The results encounter of comet Halley in March 1986. Near closest approach of this task will be used at ESOC for operational support of the we shall be most interested in the possible signatures in the Giotto flight project. The operational ephemeris software will be magnetic field of dynamical processes originating near the cometary built from existing research software. Modifications will be made nucleus and the possibility of an intrinsic cometary magnetic field. to ensure that the software is state-of-the-art and compatible with The latter objectives would obviously be favored by an encounter existing ESOC hardware. An effort will also be made to improve as close to the nucleus as possible. Another major objective is upon the existing, but imperfect, nongravitational force model for the study of the interaction between comet Halley and the solar comet Halley's motion. Data processing programs and data wind at 0.897 AU. This includes the identification of boundary transmission techniques will be developed, tested and delivered surfaces such as an expected cometary bow shock and the to ESOC. The Comet Operational Program (COP) and the data transition region between a cometary magnetosheath and the processing programs (OBSGEN, OBSTOM, OBSTOC) will be cometary atmosphere closer to the comet. In addition, we shall developed, tested, documented and installed on the ESOC IBM investigate the role of the magnetic fields in the coma and compatible computer system. The COP program will be modified magnetosheath, and dynamical phenomena in the plasma interac- to allow error analysis and as comet Halley astrometric data arrives tion caused by temporal variations of the cometary gas and plasma at the headquarters of the International Halley Watch Astrometry source.

52 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

W$5-70333 156-03-07 W85-70336 157-03-70 JetPropulsionLaboratory,Pasadena,Calif. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. GIOTTO DIDSY CO-I SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AND PARTICLE ANA- Z. Sekanina 818-354-7589 LYZER (SEMPA) DEVELOPMENT This RTOP covers the activities of two co-investigators on the A. Albee 818-354-4215 GIOTTO Dust Impact Detection System (DIDSY) experiment. There The overall goal of the SEMPA instrument definition and are two objectives: (1) theoretical study of the dust environment development task is to prove the flight readiness of the experiment of Comet Halley, based on 1910 data from Halley and recent by demonstrating through development of the breadboard instru- data from other comets, prior to the GIOTTO encounter, in order ment now operating in the laboratory our ability to deliver a to assist the DIDSY team in experiment definition, flight strategy functional, reliable flight instrument of acceptable weight and power. and data interpretation; (2) participation in the analysis and Imaging spatial resolution better than 100 nanometers and X-ray interpretation of the DIDSY data after encounter, with emphasis energy resolution suitable to resolve magnesium, aluminum, and on the particle mass distribution, spatial distribution, dust production silicon using a room temperature X-ray detector recently have rate, and relation to the large body of optical and infrared remote been demonstrated. The estimated weight and power are consid- sensing data. Models of the dust flux, mass (size) distribution, ered to be suitable for a Mariner Mark II comet rendezvous mission. and potential temporal and spatial variation for Halley's Comet Therefore, the primary goal now is to prove that the instrument will be developed, based on observed structure in the coma of can be made reliable in the context of a class A instrument. No Halley's Comet in 1910, the orientation of the dust tail, and analysis significant obstacles to this demonstration are apparent. In order of the dust thermal emission and optical scattering in recent comets to prove that the instrument performance is suitable to meet the expected to be similar to Halley. The co-investigators will participate requirements of the mission and of the experiment, it is also in the analysis of the DIDSY data, with emphasis on the mass necessary to demonstrate the required X-ray resolution without distribution, spatial and temporal variations, and the relation the use of a radiative cooler, to achieve the desired imaging between the in situ DIDSY measurements and remote sensing resolution, and to breadboard the sample acquisition and process- optical and infrared data. ing subsystem necessary for presenting comet dust samples to the electron optical column and detectors. We must also define a number of design features relating to stability and lifetime before Planetary Instrument Definition entering the flight project. Finally, we will strive to better understand the experiment cost and minimize it.

W85-70337 157-03-70 W85-70334 157-01-70 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ADVANCED GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER ADVANCED CCD CAMERA DEVELOPMENT A. E. Metzger 213-354-4017 S. A. Collins 818-354-7393 This RTOP supports the development of a gamma-ray spectro- A multielement program will be continued to develop the scow remote sensing space experiment to determine the surface technology which will improve the performance and reduce the concentrations and distribution of naturally radioactive and costs bf imaging systems for future planetary missions. Specific cosmic-ray-excited isotopes representing a variety of elements in objectives include developing a standard planetary CCD, developing the surfaces of solar system bodies. The advanced gamma-ray a lightweight optical system, extending system response into the spectrometer utilizes a large high resolution Ge' detector with ultraviolet, increasing the system's spectral resolution, and sensitivity greatly superior to the Apollo instrument. Scientific and developing the capability to automate exposure and gain selection. engineering studies are aimed at evaluating the capabilities of the The CCD development will be accomplished in conjunction with a system and developing the long-lead technology subsystems contractor while the other tasks will be developed at JPL. needed to demonstrate feasibility. These include thermal and mechanical testing of Ge detector assemblies, study of gamma-ray W85-70335 157-03-50 response characteristics, establishing the influence of heavy ion Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. bombardment, design and fabrication of the radiative coolers and X-GAMMA NEUTRON GAMMA/INSTRUMENT DEFINITION the addition of a neutron mode which will minimize dependence J. I. Trombka 301-344-5941 on modeling where ground site validation is unavailable. The objective of this investigation is to develop remote sensing and in-situ measurement systems for geochemical and geophysical W85-70338 157-03-70 exploration of the planets, asteroids and comets. These studies Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. will be consistent with the planetary program recommended by IN-ORBIT DETERMINATION OF SPACECRAFT AND PLANE- the Solar System Exploration Committee (SSEC). The remote TARY MAGNETIC FIELDS sensing X-ray spectrometer study will consider proportional E. J. Smith 818-354-2248 counters, solid state detectors, and imaging systems. Elemental There is indirect evidence that Mars is weakly magnetized composition for elements with atomic numbers greater than Z=6 with surface fields of up to 60 nT, but the other properties of the (carbon) using X-ray fluorescent spectral measurements are being field are unknown. Numerous scientific disciplines, such as considered. Both theoretical and experimental studies will be used planetary interiors, dynamo theory, geosciences, and solar in the investigative program. Both gamma-ray and X-ray detector planetary relations should all benefit from knowledge of Mars' systems are significantly affected by the space radiation environ- magnetic field. The performance of available space flight ment. Both induced backgrounds and radiation damage in gamma- magnetometers is more than adequate to meet the scientific ray detectors (i.e., NaI(TI), Csl(Na), Ge(Li) and Ge (high purity)) objectives. However, the principal limitation will be the ability to have been studied and methods for predicting the magnitude of separate the magnetic field contributed by the spacecraft from these effects are under development. There is not a geat deal of the planetary magnetic field. The techniques used, or attempted, information available on the effects of the space radiation on past missions are inappropriate to a low altitude Mars orbiter. environment on X-ray detectors. Balloon flights of remote sensing The problem will be aggravated by the procurement of an gamma-ray and X-ray spectrometer systems will be flown in order off-the-shelf spacecraft manufactured by industry without a to ascertain their sensitivities and the magnitude of the space magnetic cleanliness program. We propose to carry out a systems environment induced activity. For soft landings on planetary, study of various magnetometer-boom configurations to determine asteroid or cometary bodies, in-situ elemental analysis can be how this separation may be best effected and with what accuracy. performed utilizing X-ray fluorescence and neutron-gamma-ray Computer simulations and analyses will be combined with studies techniques. Tests of the laboratory neutron-gamma-ray system will of various sensor-boom combinations to identify the optimum be carried out. configuration and the major implications and requirements of

53 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

competing designs. The study results will be made available to dimensions and ions collide with neutral species before they are NASA, the Mars Geochemical Observer (MGCO) project and the extracted into the lower pressure regime of the analyzer section. Science Working Team through regular contacts, briefings and The improvement is achieved by minimizing the ionization volume, written reports. improving the ion extraction efficiency, and at extreme high pressure levels using ion-molecule reactions as an intermediate W85-70339 157-03-70 step before mass analysis. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. DEVELOPMENT OF DUAL FREQUENCY ALTIMETER AND MULTISPECTRAL RADAR MAPPER/SOUNDER C. Elachi 818-354-5673 W85-70342 157-04-80 The objective of this activity is to define, develop and test the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. critical elements of a dual frequency (1.2 GHz, 37 GHz) altimeter PRESSURE MODULATOR INFRARED RADIOMETER DEVELOP- applicable for the Mars Observer, and a multispectral (1.2 GHz, MENT 8.3 GHz and 25 GHz) radar mapper/sounder applicable to a Titan D. J. McCleese 213-354-2317 Orbiter. The emphasis will be on developing the basic radar sensor The objective of this task is the development of advanced element which could be applied for multiple missions, in addition infrared instrumentation for NASA's program of planetary explora- to the Mars Observer and Titan Orbiter, such as LGO and other tion from spacecraft. The following atmospheric science goals are observer or Mariner Mark II missions. The approach is to develop emphasized: (1) determine the thermal structure and its spatial a modular architecture where a large number of the modules are and temporal variability in the terrestrial and outer planets; (2) map common for both the Mars Observer and Titan radar sensors. the abundance and vertical, lateral, and temporal variability of key These modules will be defined, developed and tested in the atmospheric species; (3) measure, by direct and indirect means, laboratory. In addition, some modules which are unique and critical atmospheric motion; and (4) determine the physical properties of to each sensor, and require technological development, will also clouds and aerosols. The investigation of surface phenomena is be developed. of importance in the development of infrared instrumentation. In particular the objective is the application of infrared remote sensing W85-70340 157-03-70 to the determination of surface thermal balance, thermal inertia Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. measurements, and the mapping of surface morphology. The IR SPECTRAL MAPPER (MCALIS) approach will be to develop in the laboratory the critical hardware J. B. We,man 213-354-6638 for an advanced infrared sounder. During FY-84/FY-85 this task The objective of this task is to define and develop infrared focuses on the definition and development of the Pressure imaging spectrometer designs which will be used on upcoming Modulator Infrared Radiometer (PMIRR) for the Mars Geoscience/ missions to Mars, Comets, Asteroids, and the Moon. A major goal Climatology Observer (MGCO). The PMIRR employs pressure is to achieve the maximum design commonality for different modulation spectroscopy and narrowband filter radiometry in both missions, thus reducing the overall cost. The near term objective limb and nadir sounding to obtain simultaneous vertical profiles at is to define the instrument designs for the Mars Geoscience and atmospheric temperature, water vapor, dust, condensates, and Climatology Orbiter (MGCO) mission and for the Comet Rendez- pressure. vous/Asteroid Flyby (CRAF) mission. The first objective of the task is to develop a baseline imaging spectrometer approach, from which specific mission implementations can be derived. Major tradeoffs to be considered include: line array vs. area array detectors, instrument cutoff wavelength, focal plane cooling, and W85-70343 157-04-80 data editing and compression. The baseline instrument is expected Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. to be derived from the Galileo NIMS instrument, with the incorpora- ENERGETIC ION MASS SPECTROMETER DEVELOPMENT tion of state-of-the-art focal plane technology. The development M. Neugebauer 818-354-2005 of instrument concepts and tradeoff will be conducted on a The High-Energy Range Spectrometer (HERS) currently under schedule consistent with responding to the Announcements of development for the Giotto mission to Halley's comet will be used Opportunity (AO's) for the upcoming MGCO and CRAF missions. as the basis for designing energetic ion mass spectrometers which meet the needs of planned planetary missions. The following W85-70341 157-04-80 development activities will be carried out. (1) Investigate methods Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. of reconfiguring or redesigning HERS to enable the detection of PLANETARY ATMOSPHERE EXPERIMENT DEVELOPMENT ions over a large solid angle from a three-axis stabilized spacecraft H. B. Niemann 301-344-8706 using different methods of mechanical and/or electrical scanning The objective is to develop practical techniques using mass of a system of electrostatic mirrors and/or electrodes. Computer spectrometers for the determination of the neutral gas and ion programs written for HERS will be modified to model the ion optical composition, both major and minor constituents, in the upper and properties of the most promising approaches. A breadboard of lower atmospheres of the planets and in the vicinity of comets. A one or more ion optical concepts will then be built and its properties parallel effort in sensor and sampling technique development, will be measured. The probable effects of cometary dust will be support system development and simulation, and calibration analyzed. (2) Methods of improving the HERS two-dimensional equipment design will be pursued. Techniques to measure trace imaging sensor will be investigated. The parameters which constituents in the parts per million and parts per billion range determine the polarity of the output pulse from the contact anode and isotope ratios will be developed. Chemical enrichment used on HERS will be determined. Trade studies will be performed techniques will be utilized to effectively increase the trace to determine the relative merits of the imaging method designed constituents concentrations. The chemical enrichment technique for HERS versus new methods for obtaining two-dimensional data. involves collecting the trace constituents on various selected The feasibility and probable cost of using sensors larger than the sorbents and perferentially releasing them in their concentrated 40 mm diameter HERS sensor will be investigated. (3) The cost states by elevating the sorbent's temperature. These techniques and weight impacts of augmenting the HERS design to assure will be developed for high pressure and rarefied gas environ- the long detector operating time required for future planetary ments. Consideration will be given to alternate approaches such missions will be investigated. (4) Trade studies involving mass as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. A significant range, mass resolution, sensitivity, dynamic range, field of view, increase in the dynamic range of instruments operating in a high and time resolution will be carried out for several planned planetary pressure atmosphere can be achieved by ionizing at a higher missions (with emphasis on the Comet Rendezvous Mission), taking pressure with more ions available for analysis and detection. At the results of items (1)-(3) above and the planned features of the high pressure the mean free path is short compared to source Planetary Observer and Mariner Mark 2 spacecraft into account.

54 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

W85-70344 157-05-50 with a diameter greater than 10 meters to provide access to a Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. broad range of infrared and submillimeter wavelengths and serve PLANETARY INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM/ a widely based community of scientific users. Work supported by PLANETARY ASTRONOMY this RTOP can be divided into two parallel and interconnected M. J. Mumma 301-344-6994 efforts. The first involves two System Concepts and Technology (196-41-50; 196-41-54; 188-41-55) Definition Studies to examine overall system issues such as the This RTOP supports the development of components for configuration, orbit, and deployment schemes, and to assess the advanced generation infrared spectrometers for planetary observa- state of technology readiness to implement representative system tions. The development of compact, power efficient infrared concepts. The second involves the continued refinement of the hereodyne spectrometer components suitable for eventual phase scientific rationale and the related set of science requirements flight use is addressed. Particle emphasis is plaCed on developing developed at the LDR ScienceTechnology Workshop and the RF-excited waveguide CO2 lasers, passively cooled photomixers evaluation of specific scientific and technical issues by the science and pre-amplifiers, and integrated acousto-optic spectral line community. These two efforts, together with concurrent techno- receivers. The development of a long travel, magnetically sus- logical studies and developments funded by OAST, will ultimately pended, cryogenic carriage for the moving mirror of a Fourier form the basis of an OAST Technology Initiative in order to proceed Transform Spectrometer is considered. Following verification of with LDR with confidence and minimum risk. Work under this RTOP the performance of the cryogenic carriage, a brass-board inter- will be done in cooperation and coordination with JPL, LaRC, ferometer will be assembled and tested to verify its suitability for LeRC, and GSFC. future space flight use. W85-70348 159-41-03 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Solar Terrestrial and Astrophysics ATD ORBITING VERY LONG BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY (OVLBI) J. F. Jordan 818-354-7790 W85-70345 159-38-01 The objectives are to delineate the scientific goals and systems Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. for the space applications of VLBI and provide for assessment SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY (SDO) studies of future space VLBI missions. A joint NASA-ESA VLBI T. E. Thorpe 818-354-3611 explorer mission has been proposed and assessed. The JPL will This RTOP provides resources for the following activities: continue to provide scientific and engineering support for the (1) An analyzer suitable for a flight Solar Oscillations Imaging mission definition studies being performed jointly between NASA Experiment (SOl) will be evaluated. In addition, observations using and ESA as well as provide scientific analysis support for a the selected analyzer together with a large format CCD camera readiness demonstration of space VLBI technologies using the at Mt. Wilson Observatory, optimization of test equipment to TDRSS. The NSF Astronomy Survey Committee in 1980 specified support filter design tradeoffs, and intergration of the Galileo that a space VLBI mission ranked as a high national scientific telescope with analyzer and SOT camera to demonstrate a priority. The FY-84 pre-phase A level assessment for the QUA- breadboard configuration are funded. (2) The SOl conceptual SAT mission and flight system will continue, there will be coordina- design work will be continued. Systems analyses for a potential tion compatible with the pre-phase A antenna designs, with the flight experiment design will be performed; image stabilizer options, NASA OVLBI technical working group and the ESA QUASAT study DPU, and in-flight calibration techniques will be reviewed; a group to further refine the QUASAT mission science requirements. functional description of the flight experiment consistent with Solar (SOHO) AO requirements will be provided; spacecraft interface W85-70349 159-46-01 specifications and operating mode requirements will be provided; Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. a T/V test of analyzer stability will be performed; computer model ADVANCED X-RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY (AXAF) comparisons will be performed with analyzer testing; and an C. C. Dailey 205-453-2788 experiment description document will be prepared. (3) JPL task The advanced X-ray astrophysics-facility (AXEF) AXAF is a monitoring/selected analyses for SOHO mission, U.S. representa- free-flying observatory featuring a high performance X-ray telescope tion at SOHO (ESA) interface meetings, and the activities of the for use over a 15-year lifetime through STS revisits. The AXAF is Science Working Group will be supported. now entering the definition phase, aimed at a New Start in FY-87 and a launch in 1991. Due in part to advances in metrology and W85-70346 159-41-01 fabrication technology in X-ray optics, AXAF is expected to be Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. 50 to 100 times as sensitive as its predecessor, HEAO-2. A STUDY OF LARGE DEPLOYABLE REFLECTORS (LDR) FOR technology mirror assembly program is aimed at demonstrating ASTRONOMY APPLICATIONS the achievability of the AXAF optic goals. A. R. Hibbs 213-354-2430 The objectives of this RTOP are to continue advanced studies of problems associated with the design, development, and Oceanic Processes operation of a Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Observatory System, and to continue to support science and technology advisory groups. Work under this RTOP will include: (1) studies of specific, W85-70350 161-10-01 focused technical problems such as structural control; (2) con- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. tinuing system studies of an unfilled aperture configuration for an RESEARCH MISSION STUDY - TOPEX LDR Observatory System; (3) support of and coordination with C. A. Yamarone 213-354-7141 the Technology Working Group established by ARC; and The objective is to define a total observational system for the (4) administrative support for the NASA Science Advisory Team. measurement and monitoring of global ocean circulation. This shall be accomplished through the use of an Earth orbiting system W85-70347 159-41-O1 capable of providing dedicated high resolution altimetric measure- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ments of ocean surface topography. Specifically, the study will STUDY OF LARGE DEPLOYABLE REFLECTOR FOR INFRARED include: (1) the configuration of the mission including precision AND SUBMILLIMETER ASTRONOMY orbit determination capabilities; (2) the definition of all elements R. Bruce Pittman 415-965-5692 of TOPEX including sensor definition and configuration by the (506-62-21 ) appropriate implementing center; (3) the definition of the interface The objective is to refine and develop concepts for a Large requirements and integration activities of the major TOPEX Deployable Reflector (LDR) in space. The LDR will be a free-flyer elements; (4) the development of a management plan, procurement

55 OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS strategy,andimplementation schedule; and (5) the development and satellites, and water column productivity. This activity is in of detailed cost information. Science and mission requirements association with Dr. R. W. Eppley (SIO). A graduate student at were developed in FY-80 and finalized in FY-81. Mission and SIO will use satellie and ship data to study the effects of tidal satellite concepts were assessed in FY-81 and lower cost mission forcing on mesoscale variability in the Gulf of California. and systems assessed in FY-82. Limited development of critical sensor elements were initiated in FY-83 along with a further W85-70353 161-30-03 refinement of the configuration of all systems, the management Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. plan, and procurement strategy. A full Phase B Definition effort SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES was initiated in FY-84, including three contractor satellite definition D. E. Hagan 213-354-7073 studies and a joint NASA/CNES study of the feasibility of a The objective of this research is to characterize the variability TOPEX/POSEiDON collaborative mission. of the sea surface skin temperature as can be reliably extracted from information in spacebome mid-infrared radiometric observa- W85-70381 161-10-03 tions. This requires discriminating to high accuracy the absorption Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. and emission effects of the lower boundary atmospheric layer on ADVANCED EARTH ORBITER RADIO METRIC TECHNOLOGY the surface radiative flux. The approach is to use comprehensive DEVELOPMENT radiative transfer simulations (1) to determine the surface radiance W. G. Melbourne 818-354-5071 contribution to the measured outgoing flux under a wide range of The object of this RTOP, begun in FY-81, is to develop a slightly varying atmospheric near-surface conditions and (2) to radio tracking system that provides orbit determination of a few evaluate the sensitivity of atmospheric correction schemes which cms accuracy for low Earth satellites. In FY-84 it was proposed are based on a simplification of the radiative transfer equation. that a demonstration of precise orbit determination using the Global Positioning System (GPS) be mounted in conjunction with the W85-70354 161-40-03 TOPEX Mission. This RTOP will provide the analysis and develop- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ment work needed to advance that demonstration. The GPS-based MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF OCEANOGRAPHIC tracking system, called ARTS, involves simultaneous and contin- PARAMETERS uous observations of the 18 Navstar satellites by GPS receivers E. G. Njoku 818-354-5607 at approximately six globally distributed unattended ground sites A workshop activity is in progress to compare and evaluate and on the TOPEX satellites. Previous system studies have shown the accuracies of four satellite techniques for measuring global sub-decimeter accuracy can be achieved. A successful ground sea surface temperature (SST). The sensors involved are the based demonstration was completed in FY-84. In FY-85 the AVHRR (NOAA-7), HIRS/MSU (NOAA-7), SMMR (Nimbus-7), and principal tasks are to refine the TOPEX error analysis to include VAS (GOES-East). Sea surface temperature data from these small but potentially important error sources not examined sensors were obtained for common months and are being previously, to finalize the overall system design, to provide analysis compared with each other and with in-situ data using facilities of support as needed in developing the GPS flight system, to begin the Pilot Ocean Data System at JPL. Review of the results, and the design of the algorithms and the architecture for GPS-based further research, will be undertaken in FY-85. Global-scale analyses precision orbit determination software, and to develop a plan for of SMMR data from SEASAT and Nimbus-7 are being performed. the precision orbit determination demonstration to be conducted These will enable the performances of the two SMMR instruments during the first two years of the TOPEX mission. In FY-84, studies to be compared at both sensor and geophysical levels. Global of a GPS flight qualified system for low Earth satellites were begun. maps of SEASAT SMMR geophysical parameters were produced, In FY-85 a flight system development plan, functional requirements, and compared with climatological values and available surface conceptual design, and cost estimates will be completed. In FY-85 truth. Nimbus-7 SMMR brightness temperatures and geophysical this task will begin the detailed analyses, design, and documenta- parameters are being generated from the raw data level and tion needed prior to contractor selection and construction of an analyzed in a manner similar to SEASAT. Long-time-series Nimbus engineering model will begin. Attention will be given to TOPEX data sets will be used for collaborative studies in global wind integration requirements such as mass, power, thermal control, analyses (D. Chelton), air-sea fluxes (T. Liu), and sea surface and volume limits. Engineering model and prototype development temperatures (SST workshop). The Pilot Ocean Data System will begin in FY-86 under separate funding provided for the GPS (PODS) is entering a new phase of development in anticipation of flight demonstration. new satellite data sets for archival in FY-85 and beyond (GEOSAT, SSM/I, NSCA'I-r and TOPEX). Scientific guidance and planning W85-70352 161-30-02 for PODS will be undertaken as part of this RTOP in collaboration Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. with the PODS Project Management and Staff. OCEAN PRODUCTIVITY M. R. Abbott 213-354-4658 W85-70355 161-40-11 The usefulness of satellite imagery of ocean color and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. estimation of near surface chlorophyll and primary productivity from ERS-1 PHASE B STUDY such imagery will require an understanding of the effects of vertical C. F. Winn 213-354-8185 variability in chlorophyll content and productivity and the physical This RTOP covers a study for the acquisition and processing and biological processes responsible for such variability. Estimation of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the European of chlorophyll and productivity on large horizontal scales will require Space Agency ERS-1. The data from the SAR will be processed a similar understanding of the causes of variability, particularly on the ground into images for sea ice, ocean and Earth resources over long time series. Two time series of ocean color and research in Alaska. The science planning for beth sea ice, ocean thermal imagery will be developed. There will be collaboration research and Earth resources research will be started. A ground with Dr. K. L. Denman (institute of Ocean Sciences, B.C.) on a site is required in Alaska to receive and record the wide band time series from the continental shelf off Vanconver Island, B.C., SAR data. The requirements for the ground station will be generated to compare the spatial statistics of CZCS data with the spatial for a new system based on a modified LANDSAT ground station. statistics of chlorophyll and productivity field data derived from The methods of antenna pointing and the interface with the various vertical integration schemes. Similar statistics of the CZCS European Space Agency to obtain the satellite trajectory parame- and thermal imagery will be compared. Both CZCS and AVHRR ters will be studied. The received SAR data will be shipped to imagery will be used to investigate mesoscale phenomena and JPL for ground processing in the advanced digital SAR processor their relationship to physical forcing and shelf circulation off the (ADSP). Preliminary science plans will be made to allow complete northern California coast. Another activity will use shipboard system specifications and plans to be generated. Class A cost measurements of chlorophyll and productivity to develop re- will be developed for the new station based on a LANDSAT-D lationships between near-surface chlorophyll, as measured by ships design along with a complete procurement plan that covers the

56 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS majorprocureditems.ClassAestimates will be generated for the interactions for the interpretation of scatterometer measurements rest of the system. The above will be complete in the first 6 months in terms of surface winds and wind stress; (2) investigate the of FY-85. The remainder of the year will be used in detail planning spatial variability of ocean winds on scales of 200-2000km using of the science activities and system design. vector wind data from the SEASAT Scatterometer (SASS). (1) Current theories of short wave dynamics will be extended to W85-70356 161-50.02 account for the presence of an overlying wind field and an Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. underlying long wave field. A model for direct momentum and OCEANIC REMOTE SENSING LIBRARY energy transfer from winds to short gravity waves will be developed. J. E. Hilland 213-354-4787 Dissipation measurements leading to the production of centimetric The library task will acquire, maintain and distribute oceanic waves will be examined. (2) Wavenumber spectra of meridional remote sensing documents from grey literature. 'A second goal of and zonal winds will be calculated. Optimal interpolation techniques ORSL is to distribute an annotated bibliography of papers and will be developed, and full 2d spectra will be calculated if possible. reports from open and grey literature. This work is made accessible Spectral slopes and total variances will be examined as a via computer terminal by the Pilot Ocean Data System. A collection function of latitude and ocean basin. Coherences between zonal of periodicals and books related to physical and biological and meridional components will be used as a partial test of the oceanography and remote sensing of the oceans comprises the isotropy of atmospheric motions on 200-2000km length scales. ORSL. Document acquisition, organization, maintenance, distribu- Results will be compared with theories of atmospheric turbulence. tion and bibliography development are fundamental to the library function. W85-70361 161-80-38 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70357 161-50-03 OCEAN CIRCULATION AND SATELLITE ALTIMETRY Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. L. L. Fu 213-354-8167 OCEAN PROCESSES BRANCH SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM SUP- The long term goal of the research activities covered by the PORT RTOP is to explore the usefulness of satellite altimetry in observing M. T. Chahine 818-354-2433 the general circulation of the ocean and its variability. There are The objective of this task is to support the NASA Oceanic two specific objectives for the FY-85 tasks: (1) Use SEASAT and Processes Branch in the development and use of remote sensing GEOS-3 altimeter data sets to study the large scale temporal techniques to study physical and biological oceanic processes and variability of the currents in the equatorial Pacific Ocean and the their interactions with the atmosphere. western North Atlantic Ocean. (2) Use hydrographic data com- plemented with altimeter data to study the general circulation and W85-70358 161-80-01 heat transport of the South Indian Ocean. A method for constructing Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. time series of sea level variations from crossover differences of RADAR STUDIES OF THE SEA SURFACE altimetric measurements will be applied to the equatorial Pacific R. H. Stewart 213-354-5079 and western North Atlantic and the results will be compared with The objective of this research is to investigate the usefulness existing in situ observations. Inverse methods and mathematical of SEASAT microwave radiometer data for studies of oceanic programming techniques will be used to make inferences from rainfall and fluxes of latent heat. Such studies will lead to a better hydrographic and altimetric data about the circulation and heat understanding of data to be collected by the SSM/I and to studies transport of the South Indian Ocean. of air/sea interaction of use to the Tropical Oceans/Global W85-70362 161-80-39 Atmospheres program. The development of techniques for measuring oceanic rainfall remotely will be undertaken. Noise Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. SCATTEROMETER RESEARCH produced by rain falling on the sea is leading to a new method for calibrating rain rate. The correlation between noise and rain F. K. Li 213-354-2849 rate will be investigated. (161-10-08) The objective of this work is to increase the accuracy of the W85-70359 161-80-15 relationship between microwave radar backscatter from the oceans Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. and basic geophysical quantities of interest to oceanographers REMOTE SENSING OF AIR-SEA FLUXES and meteorologists such as surface stress and wind velocity. The W. T. Liu 213-354-2394 present geophysical model function relates cross section sigma(0) The long term objective is to study atmosphere/ocean to neutral stability wind velocity. Comprehensive field data will be exchanges in momentum and energy with spaceborne sensors. acquired to allow sigma(0) to be related directly to wind stress, The short term objective is to develop and implement remote and to allow the validity and accuracy of the present sigma - sensing technique for monthly mean latent heat flux. Case studies velocity model function to be assessed over a wider range of completed in FY-84 demonstrate the feasibility of estimating surface oceanic and atmospheric conditions. Cross section data will be !ayer humidity (required for latent heat flux determination) from obtained from airborne C- and Ku-band scatterometers. After columnar water vapor (measured by satellite sensors) to useful integration and engineering checkout of the Ku-band scatterometer degree of accuracy. A universal relation between the two quantities in FY-85, field data, including measurements of sigma(0), surface will be developed from archived radiosonde reports. The application wave conditions, surface stress, and other atmospheric and of this technique on 1982 NIMBUS-SMMR data in studying the oceanic quantities will be obtained in a subtropical oceanic frontal evolution of the warm episode in tropical Pacific will be evaluated. region in conjunction with the planned FASINEX experiment to be The future intention is to apply this technique to data from conducted in February, 1986. DMSP-SSM/I, GEOSAT-ALT and NOAA-AVHRR to study surface water mass formation in tropical Pacific in conjunction with the Tropic Heat/TOGA experiment. Tropospheric Air Quality

W85-70360 161-80-37 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70363 176-10-03 THEORETICAL/NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF Goddard Inst. for Space Studies, New York. CENTIMETRIC WAVES IN THE OCEAN GLOBAL TROPOSPHERIC MODELING OF TRACE GAS DIS- M. H. Freilich 213-354-6965 TRIBUTION The objectives of this work are to: (1) investigate the interac- David Rind 212-678-5593 tions of centimetric water waves with both the wind field and the The primary objective is to develop a tropospheric model to long wave field, and to determine the implications of these determine air quality. Contributions towards understanding the

57 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS global budgets of the primary trace species and man's potential be in the areas of solidification fundamentals, electronic materials, impact on the trace gas abundances will be examined. Determina- and ceramics along with transport processes and thermo/ tion of measurement requirements and sampling strategies will be diffusocapillary flow. The general approach is to conduct both established for tropospheric air quality program, along with experimental and theoretical research on fundamental materials measurement interpretation. Three dimensional studies of trace phenomena in order to define governing mechanisms, validate gas distributions will be developed in cooperation with McEIroy models, and obtain data unavailable to date because of the limiting (Harvard Univ.). A progressive series of studies of trace gases and masking effects of gravity. A three-fold effort will be employed: including freons (source known, checks ability to model global (1) a microgravity materials science experiment definition effort transport including stratospheric/tropospheric exchange), methyl will be conducted in collaboration with the academic and industrial chloroform (source known, checks chemistry involving OH), scientific communities, (2) experimental and/or theoretical research carbon monoxide (sensitive to OH, provides information on projects will be carried out in selected areas utilizing materials sources), and potentially other trace gases will be employed. Three research laboratories and the available ground-based reduced dimensional models will be used to support field programs. gravity facilities, and (3) experimental conceptual designs shall be prepared and experiment apparatus and instrument definition W85-70364 176-20-99 activities shall be conducted. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. GTE CV-990 MEASUREMENTS W85-70368 179-13-72 R. Chan 415-965-6263 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. The objective of this research is to provide atmospheric BIOPROCESSlNG RESEARCH STUDIES AND INVESTIGATOR'S measurements on the CV-990 to support the science goals of the SUPPORT Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE). The emphasis will be to Dennis R. Morrison 713-483-5281 develop instrumentation as necessary, integrate it on the CV-990, (694-01-01 ) operate it in GTE flights, provide data as required by the GTE These research studies are directly related to the Biopro- flights, provide data as required by the GTE Project Office, analyze, cessing Flight Experiments Program administered under P.O.P. interpret, and publish results. (UPN 694-01-01). These ground based projects are designed with three objectives: (1) to gain a better understanding of basic science W85-70365 176-40-14 questions uncovered by microgravity separations, cell culture, and Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. cell product separation direct from various culture media; (2) to AIRBORNE LIDAR FOR OH AND NO MEASUREMENT define and screen new candidate cell types or cell products for William S. Heaps 301-344-5106 possible electrophoretic separations or cell culture experiments The objective of this investigation is to develop sensitive and using the Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System (CFES) or the specific instrumentation for measuring the radical species of OH Cell Culture Bioreactor; and (3) to explore new research applica- and NO in the troposphere based upon the technique of remote tions of the biological target materials and new technology laser induced fluorescence. Improvements in sensitivity by about innovation which are developed as part of the NASA Biotechnology one order of magnitude from that presently achieved with existing program within the Microgravity Sciences and Applications areas. LIDAR systems is the minimum requirement. The approach is to The JSC Bioprocessing Laboratory will coordinate the research reduce the contribution of interfering fluorescence from various among several major universities and medical schools. Access to atmospheric species (aerosols, hydrocarbons, etc.) with respect the Continuous Flow Electrophoresis Ground Research Unit will to the species of interest by developing a detector with a very be provided by the McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co. and the narrow bandpass. Reduction in the background and interference Texas Medical Center. The JSC will analyze results, coordinate signals should enhance the ultimate sensitivity of the device. scientific publications, and aid principal investigators in using the information in the conduct of on-going flight experiments. Scientific data will be used to formulate new proposals for flight experiments Microgravity Science and Applications or ground-based applications of the technology. SR&T W85-70369 179-14-20 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70366 179-00-00 GLASS RESEARCH M. C. Weinberg 213-354-2690 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. PACE FLIGHT EXPERIMENTS The objective of this RTOP is to establish the scientific John F. Newcomb 804-865-3968 framework for the evaluation of flight experiments via the perfor- (506-56-13) mance of ground-based experiments. In FY-85 work will continue The basic purpose of the PACE (Physics and Chemistry in the areas of gel-derived glasses, nucleation and crystallization Experiments in Space) program is to facilitate the utilization of of glasses, and gas bubble behavior in glassmelts. The objectives space as a laboratory in which to carry out basic research in the for FY-85 are: (I) to continue study of the surface and internal areas of physics and chemistry. There are currently 14 experiments crystallization of fluoride glass; (2) to study the crystallization in the program in the areas of fluid physics, critical phenomena, behavior of borate compositions prepared by ordinary and sol-gel combustion, soil mechanics and relativity. The objective of this methods; (3) to perform gas bubble dissolution experiments for RTOP is to provide the support to these 14 experiments required single, freely rising bubbles; and (4) to continue study of the phase to facilitate their development through the conceptual design phase, separation process in gel prepared glasses. and to support the necessary Science Peer Reviews. W85-70370 179-15-20 W85-70367 179-10-10 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. MULTIMODE ACOUSTIC RESEARCH MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SPACE (MSlS) M. Barmatz 213-354-3088 Fred J. Kohl 216-433-5266 (I 79-20-55) The overall objectives of this effort are to achieve a basic This RTOP will provide fundamental research support for the understanding of the role of gravity in the fundamentals of materials Advanced Containerless Processing Technology program. New science and processing and to define areas of potential applications classes of acoustic levitation were discovered at JPL in rectangular, for low gravity processing using Earth-based or space facilities. cylindrical, and spherical geometries that may be attained by the Emphasis will be placed on the disciplines of materials science, excitation of multidimensional acoustic modes (multimodes). These fluid physics, metallurgy, inorganic and organic chemistry, and high new levitation principles provide us with advanced alternative temperature chemistry. Specific thrusts in the FY-85 program will methods for positioning and manipulating molten materials, which

_8 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

mayleadto rapidcooling,separationoflevitationandrotation W85-70373 179-20-62 capabilities,andtheselectionofarbitraryaxesofrotation.The Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. longtermobjectivesof thisRTOPareto developtheoretical MICROGRAVITY SCIENCE DEFINITION FOR SPACE STATION acousticmodelsof theselevitationclassesandto provide Fred J. Kohl 216-433-5266 experimentalvalidationofthesemodelsusingresearchlevitation (424-84-22; 179-48-00) devices.TheFY-85activitieswillcontinueto developa more The objective of this RTOP is to define the microgravity fundamentalunderstandingoftheseacousticlevitationproperties. science requiring the availability of a Microgravity and Materials TheobjectivesforF¥-85areto:(1)experimentallydemonstrate Processing Facility (MMPF) as part of the Space Station. This stableacousticlevitationinsinglemodelevitatorsat moderate definition will focus on crystal growth, solidification fundamentals, temperatures(< or = 750C), and (2) theoretically investigate ceramics processing, electronic materials synthesis, containerless capability of very high temperature levitation (< or = 2000 C) processing, thermophysical properties research, fluid mechanics, using a single mode levitator coupled to a solid state horn. As transport phenomena, and combustion phenomena. The results these new, versatile techniques are verified, they will be incor- of this work will be a definition of experiments and facilities required porated into the Advanced Containerless Processing Technology for a materials sciencefluid physics laboratory aboard the Space Program. Station. This will be followed by the preliminary hardware design of the equipment needed to carry out the experiments. This effort W85-70371 179-20-55 is to be coordinated with Headquarters and a parallel effort at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. MSFC. CONTAINERLESS STUDIES OF NUCLEATION AND UNDER- COOLING: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF UNDERCOOLED W85-70374 179-33-00 MELTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HETEROGENEOUS NU- Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. CLEATION GROUND EXPERIMENT OPERATIONS E. H. Trinh 213-354-7125 Roger P. Chassay 205-453-1870 (179-20-56) This RTOP covers work in the area of defining, developing, The objective of this task is the utilization of the opportunities and conducting experiments using the low-gravity capabilities of offered by microgravity and the newly developed containerless the drop tube, drop tower, KC-135, and F-104 aircraft. Such materials processing techniques to enhance understanding of the experiments may be in themselves complete investigations to undercooled liquid state, and to perform controlled and reliable develop new knowledge or to prove theories, or may serve as solid phase nucleation experimental observations. The deep precursors for more extensive experiments to be conducted in undercooling of liquid pure metals and alloys, organic compounds, space. This RTOP also includes studies and experiments to define and glass forming substances will be obtained by acoustically the effects of various levels and durations of acceleration suspending droplets of a wide variety of well determined sizes in perturbations on microgravity experiments. order to determine the limits of the liquid state and the factors influencing the onset of solidification. Measurements of the surface tension, viscosity, density, sound velocity, and specific heat are to W85-70375 179-40-62 be carried out for deeply undercooled melts and materials Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. undergoing glass transition. The methods used will involve the MPS AR & DA SUPPORT free suspension of droplets with diameters ranging between 0.001 J. R. Williams 205-453-1872 cm and 1 cm. A structural study of the resulting solid phases The objectives of this RTOP are: (1) to provide the necessary obtained from freezing these highly undercooled melts will be management and support manpower to implement the MPS undertaken to search for new nonequilibrium structures having research and technology development effort; and (2) to provide desired properties. Facilities necessary for containerless experimen- the MPS program with an effective means of interacting with the tation at high temperatures will be used in laboratory measurements various scientific communities involved for the purpose of: making under low gravity, and microgravity instrumentation for the them aware of the research opportunities offered by the MPS investigation of the appropriate systems of materials in space will program; stimulating their interest and active involvement in the be designed. Ground-based experimental systems will be operated program; gauging their response to the scientific results being up to 1200 C using gaseous as well as liquid immiscible hosts obtained by the program; identifying research areas in which the whenever possible. program should concentrate; initiating in-house research activities in selected topics pertinent to the MPS program; and evaluating W85-70372 179-20-56 the ongoing research effort. MSFC will ensure the necessary Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. professional and supporting manpower to implement the MPS ELECTROSTATIC CONTAINERLESS PROCESSING TECHNOL- research and technology development effort. Also, the stated OGY objectives will be met by actively involving the various research D.D. Elleman 213-354-5182 communities in the MPS program through working groups, seminars (674-25-04; 674-26-04) and workshops, science reviews, and a visiting scientist program. The primary objective of the Electrostatic Containerless In addition, scientific goals and accomplishments of the program Processing Technology is to develop the science and technology will be documented and disseminated to the science communities base required for contactless positioning and manipulation of high in the form of a published bibliography and catalog of tasks. temperature materials using electrostatic and electrophoretic forces. The user requirements will be identified to aid in the W85-70376 179-40-62 development of the module to assure that the electric field Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. positioning module will be able to satisfy the science requirements MICROGRAVlTY SCIENCE AND APPLICATION SUPPORT of the users in a timely manner. Two different but related techniques T. G. Wang 213-354-6331 are being developed. The electrostatic module utilizes high voltage (179-10-62) dc electric fields to position and manipulate samples that have The objective of this RTOP is to assist NASA in the develop- electric charges, either positive or negative, placed on the sample. ment and implementation of program plans for the Microgravity The electrophoretic modules use high voltage ac electric fields to Science and Application (MSA) program. These plans will provide induce a polarization of the sample so that electric field gradients the guidance for initiating ground based experiments to develop a can be used to position and manipulate the samples. The program data base for future planning of space operations. JPL has already includes analytic modeling and experimental verification of these been working on the first phase of this plan and the effort will be positioning techniques. Tests will be conducted in neutral buoyancy expanded to include university participation. Coordination of the tanks to simulate low gravity in the laboratory and in the KC-135 for effort will be provided by a detailee from JPL assigned to NASA brief reduced gravity tests. Headquarters, Office of Microgravity Science and Application.

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W85-70377 179-48-00 ing the extent to which ground-based separation techniques are Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. limited by gravity-dependent phenomena; whether the physical MICROGRAVITY MATERIALS SCIENCE LABORATORY and chemical properties of the separands which allow separation Fred J. Kohl 216-433-5266 are specifically related to their biological function; and what The objective of this RTOP is to establish and operate a candidate biological materials are best suited to benefit from this Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory (MMSL). This laboratory effort. will support a related effort to define the requirements for the microgravity and materials processing laboratory (MMPF) and the W85-70380 179-80-51 MMPF test bed for the space station. The MMSL will serve as a Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. check out and training facility for science mission specialists for REDUCED GRAVITY COMBUSTION SCIENCE STS, spacelab and space station prior to the full operation of the Thomas L. Labus 216-433-5387 MMPF test bed. The focus of the MMSL will be on experiments (542-03-23; 694-03-03) related to the understanding of metal/ceramic/glass solidification, The objective of this effort is to conduct ground based research, high perfection crystal growth and fluid physics. This ground based develop theoretical models and refine experimental techniques in laboratory will be used byuniversity/industry/government research- conjunction with gravity combustion science experiments to be ers to examine and become familiar with the potential of new flown within the STS. Work in this RTOP will include an assessment microgravity materials science concepts and to conduct longer of the science definition activities by a group of recognized experts. term studies aimed at fully developing a 1 g understanding of Activities will also include analysis of data obtained from ground materials and processing phenomena. Such research will help based reduced gravity facilities and preparation of technical reports. create new high quality concepts for space experiments and will The LeRC will provide the technical and management support to provide the basis for modeling, theories, and hypotheses upon direct all contract and grant activities and provide coordination which key space experiments can be defined and developed. The between government groups, contractors and the scientific MMSL will be fully equipped with appropriate materials research community associated with this effort. facilities and will be supported by the extensive Lewis Research Center materials characterization and computational capabilities. W85-70381 179-80-60 W85-70378 179-80-30 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. CONTAINERLESS PROCESSING J. R. Williams 205-453-1872 J. R. William 205-453-1872 Control of the solidification of metals and alloys is keyed to The objectives of this activity are to explore novel techniques gravitational effects such as buoyancy driven convection. Thus, the objectives of the study are to: (1) identify various aspects of and applications for containerless processing of glasses and refractory materials; understand the limitations imposed by the solidification phenomena that may be affected by gravity driven flows; (2) devise and conduct critical experiments in both increased gravitational field; and evolve meaningful flight experiments which extend processes beyond gravity limitations. Containerless pro- gravity as well as in space; and (3) impact the field of metallurgy cessing in space requires low level levitation forces to compensate by fundamental knowledge through devising better control strate- for microgravity acceleration and maintain position of the sample. gies. Multicomponent metallic systems involve a first to freeze The central reason is the elimination of extraneous effects from component which nucleates and begins to grow, causing the contact with solid containment walls. The implementation of composition ahead of the solidification front to change dramatically. appropriate experiments will involve the following: (1) a 31 meter Where it is infeasible or undesirable to provide controlled gradients drop tube at MSFC provides 2.6 seconds of free fall for solidifying for a planar solidification front, dendritic growth results. Thus, molten droplets up to several mm diameters; (2) a single axis concentration is one of the more fundamental problems involved in the formation of dendrites. Directional solidification affords a acoustic levitator has been developed which uses a high-Q driver degree of control because unidirectional thermal gradient can be with a single resonant frequency; (3) a three axis acoustic levitator has also been under development involving three mutually imposed and growth rate regulated. Another rapid solidification of orthogonal drivers which produce a three dimensional sound field deeply undercooled melts will be pursued by containerless melting and solidification. (spherical energy well) in a tuned cavity; (4) a 10 kW electromagne- tic levitator facility, which by careful coil design maximizes Grad B/B, is in use to levitate samples with a minimum of heating; and W85-70382 179-80.70 (5) aerodynamic levitation using a jet of air from a carefully Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. designed nozzle has been used to suspend highly reactive samples. CRYSTAL GROWTH PROCESS J. R. Williams 205-453-1872 W85-70379 179-80-40 In any crystal growth system, an important problem is that the Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. compositional and/or thermal fluctuations in the fluid phases cause BIOSEPARATION PROCESSES compositional inhomogeneities and defects in the growing crystal. J. R. Williams 205-453-1872 Where these fluctuations are caused by convection and sedimenta- The long-range objective is to utilize the environment of space tion, they can be reduced in low gravity. Therefore, the major to separate and purity biological products. The intermediate objectives of this crystal growth program are to: (1) understand objectives are to develop the required technology and to expand the role of gravity and determine limitations in Earth's gravity; (2) the base of knowledge involved with processing biologicals in determine and demonstrate advantages to be obtained by growing space; to identify, evaluate and select the most promising crystals in space; and (3) apply the findings to help solve problems processes; and to explore new areas of separation technology. in the growth of electronic and detector crystalline materials. The Separation and purification procedures which have been found to types of growth that will be explored in this program include melt, produce inadequate results on the ground because of gravity- solution, vapor, and float zone growths. Crystal growth by dependent problems will be evaluated and investigated. More solidification from the melt is the most widely used technique for specifically, this program will: (1) determine possible advantages high technology single crystalline materials. The success of the of the low-gravity environment for separation and characterization technique depends on the control of the composition, temperature, of biomedical materials; (2) design and conduct experiments in and morphology of the solidification interface. Advantages of this space; (3) apply ground/flight knowledge to the improvement of technique include the control it provides over the temperature of bioprocessing procedures on Earth; (4) develop broad and strong growth and viscosity. In the vapor approach, there are two distinct collaborative interactions with researchers; and (5) identify and mechanisms for growing a crystal: (1) the physical vapor deposition explore new techniques of separation or bioprocessing that might and (2) chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Finally, floating zone be enhanced by low gravity. Research is directed toward determin- crystal growth is accomplished by supporting a polycrystalline rod

6O OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

atbothends;meltinga portionof it withamovingheater,and W85-70386 188-38-52 growingacrystalbehindthiszone. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. SOLAR WIND MOTION AND STRUCTURE BETWEEN 2-25 R W85-70383 179-80-70 SUB 0 LangleyResearchCenter,Hampton,Va. J. W. Armstrong 213-354-3151 CRYSTALGROWTHRESEARCH The objective of this task is to measure the velocity field and R.K.Crouch804-865-3777 microturbulence density spectrum in the near-Sun (2 to 25 solar (694-80-70) radius) solar wind. The approach is to use the interplanetary Theobjectivesofthisworkareto investigatethegrowthof scintillation (IPS) spaced receiver method to infer the motion of newtypesofcompoundsemiconductorcrystalsusinginnovative the solar wind from the motion of the IPS diffraction pattern on growthtechniques,togainabetterunderstandingofthegrowth the Earth's surface. Density spectrum measurements are made ofcrystalsbyavaportransport,andtoinvestigatetheeffectsof by simultaneous observations of the electric field spatial correlation Marangoniconvectiononbulkcrystalgrowthaswellastechniques function between antenna pairs. fordampeningconvectionona freesurface.Otherworkareas suchasinvestigatinghightemperaturethermophysicalproperties W85-70387 188-38-53 ofmaterialswillbeexplored.Thegroundbasedexperimentaland Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. theoreticalresultsof thesestudieswillbeusedto defineand LABORATORY AND THEORY optimizecrystalgrowthtechniquesinaI-genvironmentaswellas R. L. Moore 205-453-0118 todevelopexperimentsforfuturemicrogravityenvironmentprojects (188-38-52) inthespaceshuttleandinthespacestation. The general objective is to determine basic empirical properties of solar magnetic fields and their effects in the solar atmosphere. The general approach is to analyze MSFC vector magnetograms along with complementary data from other observatories and from Solar Terrestrial and Astrophysics SR&T SMM, and to interpret observed effects with physical models. Electric current and magnetic energy in active regions will be studied including the surface distribution of vertical current and its relation to magnetic structure in the photosphere and chromo- sphere and to emission features in the chromosphere and transition W85-70384 188-38-52 region, resistive heating of the transition region, and estimates of Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. total magnetic energy and net Lorentz force. The magnetic structure GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUN Jan M. Hollis 301-344-7591 and evolution of active regions will be examined to determine how magnetic flux disappears from the surface of the Sun, field The major objectives of this program are: (1) to obtain configurations in which flares occur and how these configurations observations of solar velocity and magnetic fields, global oscilla- form, short-term magnetic evolution triggering flares, and magnetic tions and wave motion, coronal holes, active regions and flares, structure and dynarhic phenomena in sunspots. Magnetic tran- etc., at wavelengths observable from the ground which complement sients in flares to be investigated include Synchronism with UV, EUV, X-ray, and gamma-ray experiments on NASA flight impulsive energy release, and location of energy release site within missions such as the solar maximum mission (SMM); (2) to support the erupting magnetic field. Statistical properties of the solar cycle, operational planning for spacecraft experiments; (3) to conduct inference of the operation of the solar cycle, and statistical basic research and develop specific instrumentation and observa- properties of flares and active regions are also of interest. Inhibition tional progress relevant to objectives for future flight missions; of heat conduction into transition region by magnetic constriction, (4) to analyze comet tail photographs to determine the velocity heating of the transition region by fine-scale electric currents, and field of the solar wind; (5) to analyze comet-tail photographs to ephemeral active regions and spicules, and their relation to coronal determined the three dimensional structure of interplanetary sector heating will also be determined. boundaries caused by the solar magnetic field. The vacuum telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory is supported by the W85-70388 188-41-22 Laboratory through its Southwest Solar Facility. High-resolution, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. full-disk magnetograms and 10830A spectroheliographs are SPECTRUM OF THE CONTINUOUS GRAVITATIONAL RADIA- routinely obtained and substantial observing time is dedicated for TION BACKGROUND special-purpose programs of spacecraft support and basic research by laboratory staff. R. W. Hellings 213-354-3192 The objectives are to provide an interface between theory and experiment in the search for the stochastic background of W85-70385 188-38-52 cosmic gravitational radiation; investigate cosmological models Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. containing strong gravitational waves to determine how much GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUN radiation may have been produced at the big bang and what its M. J. Hagyard 205-453-0118 observational consequences would be; and analyze experimental (188-38-53) results to see to what extent they limit the strength of the The objective of this research is a program of ground-based background. The cosmological models will be based on the metric observations for basic research concerning solar vector magnetic discovered under this RTOP. Vacuum and matter solutions that fields and for support of NASA solar missions using the facilities relate the current properties of gravitational waves to the structure of the MSFC Solar Observatory. In the program of basic research, of the initial big-bang singularity will continue to be derived. Direct theoretical and observational programs are undertaken to study experimental limits will come from Doppler tracking of interplanetary vector magnetic field structures which are relevant to current spacecraft, analysis of pulsar timing residuals, and analysis of problems in solar physics. To support future NASA solar programs, planetary range data. techniques of observation and of data reduction and analysis are developed using the MSFC vector magnetograph. Such techniques W85-70389 188-41-22 will generate guidelines for operations of planned space-based Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. magnetographs, and will provide more focused direction for the GRAVITATIONAL WAVE ASTRONOMY AND COSMOLOGY research performed with these instruments. Support of ongoing F. B. Estabrook 818-354-3247 NASA solar missions is provided through daily observations, Under this RTOP, research will be conducted in three areas transmission of magnetograms to P.l.'s and other relevant of gravitational physics: gravitational wave detection, cosmology, personnel, and coordinated observing programs associated with and theoretical problems in general relativity. The first and major collaborative investigations with mission P.l.'s. effort is the development of spacecraft Doppler detection of

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gravitational waves. In previous work, primary noise problems for in diffuse clouds. In contrast, initial conditions for clouds contracting Doppler detection have been studied. One result was the identifica- due to shock compression will correspond to those prevailing in tion of the most critical technological advance required: a higher postshock gas. frequency (X-band) carrier signal for Doppler tracking. Concerted efforts to urge this development have followed, and we are now W85-70392 188-41-53 participating in its implementation at JPL. Further investigations Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. will be conducted to determine the best experimental techniques THEORETICAL STUDIES OF GALAXIES, ACTIVE GALACTIC for gravitational wave detection, and to quantify those non-plasma- NUCLEI THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM, MOLECULAR CLOUDS induced noise problems which are likely to dominate when using D. C. Black 415-965-5495 X-band. Data reduction techniques and objective filtering algorithms The objective of this RTOP is to conduct theoretical studies will be devised, based on our derivation of the response of Doppler on fundamental phenomena associated with continuum spectra, links to incident gravitational waves. Past theoretical cosmology dynamics, and line spectra in active galactic nuclei, the formation research led to a proposal from JPL for a microwave radiometer and evolution of galaxies and clustrs, random luminosity fluctuations experiment, which is incorporated in the forthcoming COBE mission. in compact astrophysical objects, molecular cloud formation and More recently sophisticated models of the evolution of the IGM evolution, star formation and infrared emission in interstellar shocks. have been developed and used to interpret IUE data. The amounts A large fraction of this effort involves computational astrophysics of background radiation in a number of spectral regions are employing a wide variety of numerical codes developed at Ames determined, and comparison with relevant IUE, COBE and X-ray to treat multidimensional hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynam- satellite data will be used to discriminate acceptable evolutionary ic fluid problems, with multidimensional particle problems, and models. Two areas of theoretical research in nonlinear mathematics complex radiative transfer problems. are proposed, related to understanding the sources and propaga- tion of gravitational radiation. W85-70393 188-41-55 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. W85-70390 188-41-22 INFRARED AND SUB-MILLIMETER ASTRONOMY Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. M. J. Mumma 301-344-6994 SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR VLF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE (196-41-54; 385-41-01; 154-50-80; 157-05-50) SEARCHES USING THE DSN The objective of this program is to provide better understanding J. W. Armstrong 213-354-3151 of the current state and evolution of astronomical objects. This is The objective of this research is to develop optimal signal achieved by observations at wavelengths from 1 micron to 1 mm processing procedures for the detection of very low frequency and at spectral resolution (lambda/delta lambda) from 1 to 10 to waves in the presence of propagation and instrumental noises. the 7th power. Since atmospheric opacity and emissivity prohibit Long period (approximately 10 to 10(4) second) gravitational waves or severly limit ground-based observations at certain wavelengths, cause very small perturbations in the Doppler tracking record of a high altitude observational platforms such as the C-141, balloons, distant spacecraft. The fractional frequency perturbations in the or satellites must be used. High sensitivity composite bolometers Doppler link (equal to or approximately gravity wave strain are being developed in the far infrared to take maximal advantage amplitude) are expected to be very small (< 10 (-15). Thus careful of low background conditions achievable at these altitudes. A attention to noise sources and signal processing is required. The balloon-borne 1.2m telescope is used to conduct a photometric approach is to exploit the different response of the Doppler link survey of galactic sources of submillimeter radiation, and at least to gravity wave signals and the various noises. (Gravity waves a partial survey of extragalactic sources at these wavelengths. An produce a 3 pulse response in the Doppler time series; propagation infrared sky camera is also used to quickly map various sources. and timekeeping noises produce different 2 pulse responses). For Infrared and submilleter coherent (heterodyne) spectrometers are gravity waveforms always present in the time series (e.g., gravity developed and used to measure completely resolved intensity wave background or CW sources), spectra of the signal and noise profiles for neutral and ionized molecular and atomic lines. will be used to design optimum linear processors for the data. Correlative studies are made when possible to enable maximum The performance of these procedures will be evaluated theo- insight into the physics of the medium. retically, via simulations, and on real data. These studies are applicable to gravitational wave searches on all NASA deep space W85-70394 188-46-56 missions. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. PARTICLE ASTROPHYSICS AND EXPERIMENT DEFINITION W85-70391 188-41-53 STUDIES Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. J. F. Ormes 301-344-7793 THEORETICAL INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY The objectives are to study the properties of the cosmic S. S. Prasad 818-354-6423 radiation in order to understand its origin and propagation and to Theoretical studies and numerical modeling will be done to study the properties of the sites in which element synthesis and predict the time dependent abundances of atoms and molecules acceleration take place. The particles observed are the nuclear in dynamically evolving clouds. The dynamical evolution of and electronic species of the cosmic ray particles--their energy spherically symmetrical model interstellar clouds contracting under spectra, their charge and isotopic composition, and their distribution gravity will be. determined from a one dimensional hydrodynamics in space. Some of these objectives can be met through the code. The hydrodynamics code predicts the evolution of the density imaginative use of short duration observations on balloons and and temperature by solving equations of continuity and momentum utilizing week long observations on Spacelab. Experiments which balance in conjunction with a semiempirical formula which gives must be outside the magnetosphere can be done on Explorer temperature as a function of density and visual extinction. class spacecraft. Many heavier, larger area payloads will require Calculations will be done for clouds which started spontaneously a large space platform. The space station, which will be gravity without any external trigger, and for clouds whose gravitational gradient stabilized, would be an ideal platform. The presence of contraction was triggered by an initial compression due to passage people to construct experiments in space opens exciting new of shock waves. Chemical rate equations governing the production possibilities. Supporting these objectives is both the development and loss of atomic and molecular species will then be solved at of new detector systems for studying the properties of solar and various evolutionary epochs using the predetermined densities and galactic cosmic rays and the associated development of theoretical temperatures for those epochs. Polyatomic organic and organo- studies relating to the sites, origin, models for acceleration and nitrogen molecules will be included in our studies, because these mechanisms for particle transport related to these experiments. molecules are thought to be better tracers of differences in The emphasis will be on studying the solar charge composition in dynamical evolution. Initial chemical compositional condition for the iron to uranium region, on precise measurements of isotopic spontaneously contracting clouds will correspond to that prevailing abundances of solar and galactic cosmic rays, and to accurately

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determine the charge composition of galactic cosmic rays at the of detectors and materials in order to increase the sensitivity of highest possible energies. New measurements of cosmic ray gamma ray observations. antiprotons are proposed. W85-70398 188-46-59 W85-70395 188-46-57 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. X-RAY ASTRONOMY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY M. C. Weisskopf 205-453-5133 A. S. Jacobson 818-354-6263 This RTOP plans to conduct research in the field of X-ray This RTOP describes the JPL program in X ray and gamma-ray astronomy in areas related to the astrophysics programs of NASA. astronomy. The primary objective of the program is the develop- Existing satellite and ground-based observations of the time ment of advanced instrumentation to be applied to gamma-ray variability of X-ray sources and their optical counterparts will be observations in the energy range of .02 MeV to 10 MeV, with analyzed and interpreted. Where applicable, auto correlation and emphasis on position sensitive sensors for use in high resolution cross correlation techniques, shot model, and imaging spectrometers. The major efforts being brought to pulse-shape-innovation techniques will be utilized to determine the completion in FY-84 are investigations into the application of liquid underlying pulse shape and stability as a function of time. An time projection chambers in gamma-ray astronomy and the design advanced X-ray detector will be designed, built, tested, and flown and fabrication of a liquid argon ionization chamber as the first on a sounding rocket. The detector will utilize the fluorescence of step in developing a time projection chamber for imaging gamma- atoms in the detector gas to obtain the highest performance. This ray spectroscopy. A computer-based data acquisition and analysis has implications for imaging, spectroscopy, and polarimetry. system for detector testing is being assembled. In FY-85, the liquid argon detector will be used to study the relationship between W85-70399 186-46-59 impurity concentration, electron drift length, and energy resolu- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. tion. Studies will be made of recombination processes and X-RAY ASTRONOMY CCD INSTRUMENTATION DEVELOP- scintillation detection. The position sensitive anode array and MENT electronics required for the time projection chamber will be A. S. Jacobson 818-354-6263 designed and built. The argon detector will be operated in the Prior tests demonstrated that three-phase and virtual-phase time projection mode and coded aperture imaging tests will begin. charge coupled devices (CCD) have high spatial resolution, Design of a liquid xenon detector will also begin in FY-85. moderate spectral resolution, and high detection efficiency for single X-ray photons. The objective of this RTOP is to develop a W85-70396 186-46-57 CCD-based imaging X-ray spectrometer for X-ray astronomy Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. observations, and to use this instrumentation to study the GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY temperature and abundance distributions as well as the state of C. E. Fichtel 301-344-6281 ionization of cosmic X-ray sources. The approach for this program The technical objective is to develop the most appropriate consists of two development efforts: (1) using a CCD detector of detector systems for the observation of astrophysical sources of the type which is available now, a spectrometer will be developed, very energetic photons. The first approach was the development tested, calibrated, and used at the focal plane of a rocket-borne, of a large, high energy telescope using digitized spark chambers. grazing-incidence telescope and (2) a parallel detector development Many major improvements to this basic telescope system are still program will optimize CCD properties which are required for being pursued and other approaches to detector systems are now operation at the focus of advanced grazing incidence X-ray being developed for high energy, intermediate energy, and low telescopes. This program is a joint effort with Pennsylvania State energy gamma ray observations. In the high energy region, University (PSU). improvements in the track imaging chamber systems are continuing, and special attention in the track imaging chamber research is W85-70400 186-78-38 now being directed towards drift chambers. At the same time, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. several approaches are being explored to improve angular ADVANCED MISSION STUDY - SOLAR X-RAY PINHOLE OC- resolution, including techniques to concentrate on higher energy CULTER FACILITY photons. Improved attitude and aspect systems are being built. In J. R. Dabbs 205-453-3430 the 0.5 to 40 MeV region, different interaction processes become Hard X ray imaging (10 - 100 keV) from solar flares will dominant and thus new detector techniques are required. A totally contribute not only to our knowledge of the sources directly new detector is currently near completion based on the Compton associated with the Chromospheric manifestations of flares, but interaction process, but including several new concepts which will also help us to explore the corona. A solution to the problem together should increase the sensitivity by a factor of 10. For of achieving significantly better angular resolution for hard X rays gamma ray burst studies new detector systems are being developed lies in the Pinhole Experiment concept. An equally important use both for the gamma ray energy range and for detection at other of the Pinhole satellite will be its application as an external wavelengths. In particular a ground-based system is being occulter for coronagraph observations of the solar corona. Previous developed to detect and precisely locate optical flashes that are feasibility studies have investigated alternative stabilization likely to occur in coincidence with gamma ray bursts. techniques and preliminary optical systems design for a long focal length coronagraph which will be flown on a Spacelab mission W85-70397 188-46-57 utilizing a boom deployed occulting and aperture mask. Separations Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. on the order of 30 to 50 meters could afford subarcsecond X ray GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY AND RELATED RESEARCH imaging of the Sun and also provide highly effective occultation G. J. Fishman 205-453-5133 experiments in both visible and UV regions. The Spacelab facility An observational program in gamma ray astronomy and cosmic is expected to mature into longer focal length facilities either adjunct ray research is being pursued using balloon-borne experiments. to the Space Platform or as separate free flyers. Techniques and instrumentation for future space flight experiments are developed concurrently. The following are the objectives of W85-70401 188-78-38 the MSFC research program: (1) to perform new scientific Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. observations in gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics ADVANCED SOLAR PHYSICS CONCEPTS - ADVANCED SOLAR within the limitations of current balloon flight capabilities; (2) to OBSERVATORY develop new detectors and experimental techniques for future W. T. Roberts 205-453-3430 spaceborne, gamma ray astronomy, and high-energy cosmic ray The objective of this study activity is to establish the scientific observations; and (3) to study various sources of background potential, the early system concepts and the feasibile approaches radiation, primarily atmospheric gamma ray radiation and activation for new experimental systems in solar physics. New ideas and

63 OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS

techniquesare emerging which must be examined to identify the planetary atmospheres and comets) through observations of their methods which could accomplish the desired goals. The examina- IR line spectra, and so to further our knowledge about: (1) molecular tion of ideas and techniques, the identification of methods, and abundances; (2) kinetic, vibrational, and rotational temperature the sharpening of science goals must proceed simultaneously and distributions; (3) kinetic velocity shifts (winds); (4) vertical and iteratively in a coordinated fashion. A science study team has horizontal abundance distributions; and (5) ambient gas densities, been formed to address the particular concepts being considered and to carry out comparative studies of these objects. The approach at this early stage. is to develop and employ coherent detection line receivers for use in the infrared wavelength regions. The instruments use either W85-70402 188-78-41 gas lasers or semiconductor diode lasers as local oscillators, and Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. HgCdTe detectors as photomixers. The intermediate frequency GRAVITY PROBE-B signal is fed into a GSFC standard spectral line receiver which A. K. Neighbors 205-453-5584 acquires, analyzes, and displays the spectral lines. Initial observa- The scientific goal of Gravity Probe B is to confirm Einstein's tions with this system are from the ground, but it is developed General Theory of Relativity by measuring the relativistic precession with an eye toward flights on spaceborne platforms. Laboratory of ultra-precise gyroscopes in a free-flying spacecraft in polar orbit work on precise line frequency determinations and on pressure about the Earth. This project involves complementary efforts at broadening effects is also carried out in support of the field MSFC, Stanford University and the University of Alabama in experiments. Huntsville. The work is a coordinated theoretical, experimental, and engineering program with an in-house MSFC definition phase W85-70406 196-41-67 (Phase B) completed, (FY-81/FY-83) a contracted Engineering Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Development Phase beginning in FY-85 and culminating in the PLANETARY ASTRONOMY AND SUPPORTING LABORATORY launch of a shuttle flight test experiment in FY-89, and the beginning RESEARCH of the Science Mission development FY-88. MSFC will have overall F. P. J. Valero 415-965-5510 project management responsibility for both phases of the GP-B The composition of planetary atmospheres and surfaces and development. the abundance, temperature and pressure of certain atmospheric constituents can be determined by spectroscopic observations from W85-70403 188-78-60 ground based and from airborne observatories. Such data are Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. necessary for the preparation of valid model atmospheres. The ASTROPHYSICAL CCD DEVELOPMENT objectives of this work are to obtain, study and analyze spectro- S. A. Collins 213-354-7393 scopic observations of the planets and their satellites; to obtain Charge-coupled devices (CCD) offer good sensitivity over most and analyze, in the laboratory, spectra appropriate for valid or all of a very broad spectral range (1A - 11,000A) and promise interpretation of planetary observations; and to develop the to become key detectors in astrophysical imaging and spectro- analytical and computational techniques necessary to interpret scopic instrumentation. The objective of this task will be to produce planetary spectra in terms of real planetary atmospheres and CCDs and CCD designs whose performance is significantly surfaces. The objectives will be pursued by measuring, in the improved over that of current detectors. Specific design modifica- laboratory, basic molecular parameters such as adsorption line tions, each addressing one or more performance objectives, will and band intensities, band modeling parameters, absorption line be incorporated by a contractor in test CCDs which will subse- half widths, vibration/rotation interaction constants, and line quently be evaluated at JPL. Test results will be used to fine tune pressure induced shifts and absorption. the design features of later test devices. The resulting performance and designs will be documented. Developmental research will be W85-70407 196-41-68 conducted at JPL on candidate concepts to improve quantum Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. efficiency, charge transfer efficiency, noise, and charge confine- DETECTION OF OTHER PLANETARY SYSTEMS ment to identify those approaches which promise the greatest D. C. Black 415-965-5495 potential. The long range objective of this activity is to develop a comprehensive program to detect other planetary systems. The near term objectives include the funding of selected University Planetary Astronomy researchers to pursue modest exploratory developmental and observational programs as well as theoretical studies directed at W85-70404 196-41-51 identifying optimum techniques for ground based planetary Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. detection systems. The choice of University researchers will be PASSIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF THE ASTEROIDS based on a peer review of unsolicited proposals, and it will be USING THE VLA guided by the basic recommendations set forth in Volume 1 of W. J. Webster, Jr. 301-344-5554 NASA CP-2124. Funding will also be used to support in house The objective of this research is to infer structure and theoretical research at Ames Research Center related to the composition parameters for a selected set of the ten physically detection and study of other planetary systems. largest asteroids by employing microwave remote sensing tech- niques originally developed for Earth observations. Precise flux density measurements made with the Very Large Array (VLA) of Life Sciences SR&T the National Radio Astronomy Observatory will be used to define the microwave continuum spectra of these asteroids. These spectra will be inverted in order to estimate the near surface bulk properties W85-70408 199-11-11 (radii, roughness, composition) independent of previous optical or Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. infrared spectroscopy. CREW HEALTH MAINTENANCE P. C. Johnson 713-483-5457 W85-70405 196-41-54 The objective of this program will be to solve the known health Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. problems of flight crews and study the precise nature of crew ADVANCED INFRARED ASTRONOMY AND LABORATORY health problems during and following long duration (up to 3 months) ASTROPHYSICS flights. It is assumed that the long duration flights will be associated M.J.Mumma 301-344-6994 with occupational duties in a space station and are therefore (188-41-55; 154-50-80; 157-05-50) repetitious exposures during a lifetime career. The identified medical The objective of the advanced infrared astronomy program is problems will be addressed by combinations of prevention and to study the molecular constituents of solar system objects (e.g., therapies both mechanical and pharmacological. This will be

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implemented by a series of continuing tasks to assess and solve W85-70411 199.21-51 the health problems of short term flights which are dominated by Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. space stickness, cardiovascular deconditioning, and the potential BIOCHEMISTRY, ENDOCRINOLOGY, AND HEMATOLOGY problems of EVA. NASA has chosen to study space sickness as (FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE CHANGES; BLOOD ALTERA- a separate identifiable task so that the emphasis here is on TIONS) cardiovascular phenomena and dysbarism. Altitude dysbarism of Nitza M Cintron-Trevino 713-483-4086 EVA is nearly an exclusive NASA problem so the research (199-21-10; 199-22-31 ) extends from basic science of in vivo bubble formation to The absence of hydrostatic forces, which results in body fluid operationally directed prebreathe programs. Particular attention will shifts, and the absence of deformation forces on normally load be given to the mechanism by which bubbles damage tissue and bearing tissues, are postulated to cause the principal disturbances to pharmacological measures to prevent dysbaric damage. found during and after space flight in the fluid and electrolyte, Cardiovascular studies have emphasized fluid replacement for the erythropoietic, musculoskeletal, and metabolic systems. These hypovolemic but not dehydrated crewmen returning to G. Future alterations result in a multitude of physiological imbalances such emphasis will be on the cardiac atrophy induced by the microgravity as a reduced body fluid volume with concommitant losses of environment. To address long-term flight problems two new tasks electrolytes, loss of body calcium stores, skeletal muscle atrophy, proposed by headquarters will be submitted to include health and a negative energy balance after prolonged space flight. The maintenance and crew selection. purpose of the present program is to study and define at the biochemical and endocrine levels of function the mechanisms operative in the processes associated with the identified physiologi- cal responses to space flight. Results of the individual research investigations are anticipated to provide an enhanced under- W85-70409 199-11-21 standing of the effects of weightlessness on man and his Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. readaptation to the Earth environment as well as a rationale for LONGITUDINAL STUDIES (MEDICAL OPERATIONS LONGITU- countermeasure development for use in future space flight DINAL STUDIES) missions. Using principally model systems in human clinical Edward C. Moseley 713-483-4264 research, investigations will be directed toward the identification Objectives of this research are to conduct longitudinal, of biochemical and neurohumoral agents which are active in the retrospective, and prospective studies of medical data from various adaptive phases of space flight. Primary focus will be astronauts, a control group of civil servants, and other JSC made in describing the integrated relationship between these employees. The studies covered involve individuals in a relatively substances and those physiological systems which have been closed population in an attempt to relate changes in physiology identified to be affected by the null-gravity environment. and/or pathology to specify factors associated with individual traits of the astronauts and occupational exposure. Areas of study and particular interest consist of acute responses and long term W85-70412 199-22-22 adaptive mechanisms to weightlessness, changes observed in Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. complete annual physical examinations, and the effects (if any) of NEUROPHYSlOLOGY the occupational exposures of crewman to the aging processes N. G. Daunton 415-965-6245 and disease incidence. The approach includes (1) input and storage (199-12-51) of all astronaut medical exams (annual, flight, and illness exams) Various sensorimotor problems related to the process of in computer data bases, (2) collecting and storing similar information adaptation to the zero gravity environment, such as space motion on a control group of civil servants (matched on age, sex, body sickness, perceptual illusions, motor performance deficits, and size and smoking history) and other civil servants, (3) analysis of attentional deficits are encountered during and after short- and/or the longitudinal information comparing these groups, and long-term exposure to weightlessness. These problems, which arise (4) cumulative evaluation of pre/posfflight physiological changes from the rearrangement of sensorimotor interactions during across missions. exposure to zero gravity, impair the operational efficiency, health, and safety of astronauts. The goal of this program is to identify the exact causes of such problems so that effective countermea- sures can be developed. The basic approach involves a broad- based program of interrelated psychophysical, neurophysiological, W85-70410 199-21-12 biochemical, and neuroanatomical studies to determine the role Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. of the vestibular, visual, somatosensory and motor systems and CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY their interactions in the development of space motion sickness H. Sandier 412-965-5745 and other sensorimotor problems. The overall goal of this program is an understanding of the cardiovascular/fluid-electrolyte changes occurring with space flight. Specific aims are to define underlying mechanisms, determine W85-70413 199-22-31 whether specific cardiovascular risks occur with short- and Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. long-term weightlessness exposure, develop appropriate counter- BONE PHYSIOLOGY measures for observed changes, improve selection criteria for V. S. Schneider 713-483-5457 passengers and crews, develop and implement appropriate space (199-21-51) flight experiments. To accomplish this goal, ground-based studies The objective of this RTOP is to study the regulation of bone on both human and animal subjects will be carried out. Specific integrity and function during space flight and the causes of its activities will include: (1) determining effects of exercise training; apparent demineralization. Overall research goals are to elucidate (2) expose humans to horizontal and head-down bed rest and and define the mechanisms operative in the processes associated water immersion; and (3) testing procedures, devices, and drugs with calcium metabolism and bone loss during weightlessness, to to prevent and counteract deconditioning. Results should lead to develop methods to assess changes more accurately by non- a better understanding of mechanisms of cardiovascular decondi- invasive means, and to develop effective countermeasures to these tioning, better devices and procedures for modifying decondition- deleterious skeletal changes in order to optimize crew's perfor- ing effects, and specific space flight experiments. Results of mance and recovery upon return to a one-g environment. Using proposed studies will improve flight safety and understanding of ground-based model systems, human clinical and animal basic space flight risks. They will also provide access to flight of a research to define the mechanisms underlying bone mass regula- broader segment of population, and will use weightlessness to tion and loss will focus on the biochemical, endocrinological, and expand our understanding of cardiovascular/fluid-electrolyte physico-mechanical levels of function. Preventive and remedial function. countermeasures will center primarily around mineral supplementa-

65 OFFICEOF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

tion, drug administration, diet modification, and physical manipula- development of a model relating stress, psychological well-being, tion. and task performance.

W85-70414 199-22-32 W85-70417 199-22-71 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. BONE PHYSIOLOGY RADIOBIOLOGY D. R. Young 415-965-5549 D. S. Nachtwey 713-483-5281 (199-40-32) This RTOP described a long-term program of research to The overall objectives of this RTOP are: to assess the examine the nature of the space ionizing radiation environment operational impact of skeletal mass losses on crewmembers for and determine its consequences for manned space operations. future long duration missions; to develop remedial countermeasures While currently available information is sufficient for early Shuttle for the prevention of skeletal mass losses; and to develop medical missions, research priorities of the attached program are based selection criteria for re-exposures of astronauts to weightless on the assumption that long-term plans involve a manned Space environments. The program is implemented through ground-based Station and manned sorties to geostationary orbit. Based on studies with hypodynamic-hypogravic models. Immobilization knowledge obtained from previous research under this RTOP, studies with human volunteers and experimental animals are exposure to ionizing radiation may be the limiting factor in both performed: to document bone alterations and the recovery mission and career durations for space workers. Shielding processes; to determine degree of involvement and mechanisms considerations, based upon radiobiological responses, may of action of calcemic hormones in immobilization-associated influence significantly the detailed design and total mass of a osteoporosis; to investigate the role of intestinal absorption as a spacecraft, especially for protection from solar particle events. To causative factor in bone loss; to evaluate potential risk factors provide timely solutions to these problems in the mission planning associated with skeletal mass losses; and to evaluate potential stage, the underlying research must be conducted now. A plan is protective countermeasures. Research is conducted at ARC, JSC, presented for research in specific areas of radiobiology and JPL, and through various grants and contracts at universities and radiation dosimetry. Specific attention is given to the effects of medical research centers. HZE particles of space since the problem is unique to NASA. A coordination effort with programs of related government agencies W85-70415 199-22-42 will augment the information required by NASA in its long-term Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. radiation research effort. MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY S. Ellis 415-965-5757 (199-40-32) W85-70418 199-30-12 The overall aims of this research program are to determine Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. the underlying causes for the muscle atrophy problem observed BIOSPHERIC MODELLING J. G. Lawless 415-965-5220 in both humans and animals in space and to develop suitable countermeasures. Specific objectives consist of: conducting basic The objective of the RTOP is to achieve quantitative under- studies into the nature of the biochemical and physiological standing of the chemical interactions between the biosphere and the mechanisms which regulate skeletal muscle mass and properties; atmosphere. This is accomplished through the use of models of developing and validating methods for monitoring the rate of gas and particle phase atmospheric chemistry and physics. The atrophy of skeletal muscle in human subjects and laboratory fluxes of biologically produced materials into the atmosphere will animals; and investigating possible countermeasures to forestall be quantified and their subsequent conversion rates and removal muscle atrophy. Muscle atrophy will be induced by: immobilization rates will be determined. In addition the fluxes of atmospheric with casts, suspension hypokinesia, nerve paralysis, tenotomy, gases and particles into aqueous and terrestrial reservoirs will be hormonal manipulation (endocrine organ ablation and hormone simulated to determine their potential effects on biota. Existing replacement), and reversal of hypertrophy by load and/or stretch computer models will investigate the chemistry and physics of removal. The possible mechanisms underlying atrophy will be biologically generated compounds. Emphasis is on quantifying the studied with regard to muscle protein synthesis, degradation and marine sulfur cycle; examining the interaction of marine sulfur with regulation by growth factors, steroid hormones, stretch, pro- coastal regions; quantifying the fluxes of compounds from fires, staglandings, and pathways in muscle protein breakdown; and especially particulate carbon; defining the measurement limits on evaluation ot possible countermeasures such as exercise, nitrous oxide and other nitrogen fluxes needed to constrain protease inhibitors and other pharmacological agents. atmospheric budgets. Verifying data on the conversions which occur will be obtained through interaction with experimenters. Chemical species which have biological sources or significant impact on W85-70416 199-22-62 biota have been identified for modelling investigations. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. PSYCHOLOGY T. A. Tanner 415-965-5185 W85-70419 199-30-22 (506-57-21) Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. The objectives of this research program are: (1) to increase ATMOSPHERE/BIOSPHERE INTERACTIONS the data base, where needed, concerning human psychological J. G. Lawless 415-965-5220 response to specific stresses related to the space station This RTOP aims to address the characterization of biologically environment and operation; (2) to develop methods for identification mediated atmospheric gas fluxes, the identification of biological of individual susceptibility to such stresses, and for nonintrusive sources and sinks of atmospheric trace gases, and the elucidation measurement and prediction of psychological problems and of those factors that influence these biogenic gas flux magnitudes. associated performance decrements in the mission environment; The influence of biological processes on biogeochemical cycling, and (3) to develop preventative and remedial countermeasures atmospheric composition, radiative transfer and climate will be for breakdown in psychological health leading to performance studied. The magnitude of the biogenic component of the sulfur decrement. Individual and group performance will be studied in cycle in the coastal marine and nitrogen in the terrestrial environ- laboratory and field (real world) situations which simulate one or ment will be studied. The relationship of the magnitude of these more of the conditions associated with long-duration manned biogenic emissions to regional processes via remotely sensed data spaceflight. Personal, group, procedural and situational characteris- will be established. Residence times and coefficients of air-surface tics which may be predictive of decreases in psychological and free troposphere-boundary layer gas exchange, which are of well-being and related performance will be examined. Work in the critical importance in quantifying atmospheric cycles, will be various elements of the program will be focused toward the determined.

66 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

W85-70420 199-30-26 productivity of the emergent macrophytic wetland vegetation; LangleyResearchCenter,Hampton,Va. (2) canopy characteristics of emergent wetland vegetation and their BIOSPHERE-ATMOSPHEREINTERACTIONSINWETLAND relationship to production and flux of biogenic gases. In situ ECOSYSTEMS radiometry will be used to characterize upwelled radiance of the RobertC.Harriss804-865-3237 vegetation canopy in LANDSAT MSS and Thematic Mapper Theobjectof thisresearchis to bringtogethera multi- spectral bands. These data will be correlated with concurrent disciplinary program 1o investigate hypotheses concerning the role biometric analysis of the vegetation and measurements of methane of wetland ecosystems in the global methane cycle. Wetlands are flux made by the Biogenic Modulation of Tropospheric Methane hypothesized to be a major natural source of methane 1o the study group. Computer simulation of radiative transfer in vegetation troposphere. Primary objectives in this research include: (1) A canopies will supplement field measurements through quantitative detailed investigation of microbiological, ecological, geochemical, examination of relationships observed in the field and through and physical factors controlling methane emissions from soil and extension of analysis to situations not encountered in the field water interfaces to the atmosphere in wetlands will be conducted. sites. Digital multispectral image analysis will be applied to available These studies will provide a better understanding of the relative aircraft and LANDSAT scanner data to test assumptions and importance of processes which regulate temporal and spatial conclusions derived. Orbital detection of parameters related to variability in methane emissions from wetland ecosystems. (2) methane flux in Florida Everglades will also be assessed. Methane emissions will be quantified at a wide variety of swamp, salt-marsh, and peat bog sites in eastern North America and Central W85-70424 199-30-42 America. These data will be utilized as input to the development Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. of an improved quantitative global biogeochemical emissions OCEAN ECOLOGY inventory for methane. J. G. Lawless 415-965-5220 The objectives are: (1) to determine the coastal zone productiv- W85-70421 199-30-32 ity, biomass pool size, and distribution; (2) to characterize the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. influence of biological processes on ocean dynamics; and (3) to TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY understand the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in J. G. Lawless 415-965-5220 the marine coastal zone. Stable isotopic abundances in contempor- (677-21-31; 656-11-01) ary aquatic carbon and nitrogen pools are related to carbon and The objective is to characterize the rates and pathways of nitrogen flux, transfer, and storage processes. Stable isotopic biogeochemical cycling of the elements N, C, S and P in terrestrial abundances in selected sedimentary carbon and nitrogen pools ecosystems, and to model these processes. Remotely sensed data, will be related to the history of the biochemical cycling of these coupled with ground-based research will be used to improve our elements. The data obtained from these studies will be incorporated estimates of biomass distribution and productivity, as well as into a predictive model of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry. nutrient cycling rates and gas fluxes to the atmosphere or aquatic systems. Ground based and remote sensing techniques will be W85-70425 199-30-52 used to relate estimates of vegetation characteristics to net primary Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. productivity, total biomass accumulation, biogeochemical cycling, INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT and the potential for trace gas fluxes to the atmosphere. These J. G. Lawless 415-965-5220 relationships in natural, intact ecosystems as well as in systems (199-50-42; 157-04-80) disturbed by land clearing, fire, anthropogenic nutrient inputs, The objective is to provide experimental and instrumental and/or fertilization will be examined. The results of these studies capabilities for acquiring specific information on the chemical will be incorporated into predictive models of biogeochemical composition of the atmosphere and the volatiles in surface and cycles. particulate matter on the Earth. This information is essential for selecting or devising the most appropriate model for the biogeo- W85-70422 199-30-35 chemical cycling of the elements S and N, and will further provide National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. a basis for understanding the conditions that mediate these cycles. A GIS APPROACH TO CONDUCTING BIOGEOCHEMICAL Improved methods and instrumentation will be developed for in RESEARCH IN WETLANDS situ chemical analyses of the volatile species contained in the David P. Brannon 601-688-2043 atmosphere, surfaces and particulates. Special emphasis is directed (668-37-13) to the development of the gas chromatographic approach applying The objectives of this RTOP are to determine the capabilities advanced techniques previously developed for solar system of TM, MSS, and AVHRR instruments for delineating wetland exploration. Improvements in the gas chromatography, such as vegetation types within the context of an hierarchical wetland column technology, detector design, and total system design stratification scheme; to test various classification algorithms as (including work on other subsystems) will be explored. recommended by the Biosphere Research Working group; and to develop and test models (with geographic data bases of selected W85-70426 199-40-12 test sites) for estimating regional methane emissions from wetland Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ecosystems. FY-85 activities will deal primarily with: (1) examining GRAVITY PERCEPTION the TM sensor capabilities to delineate vegetation types within M. L. Corcoran 415-965-5574 the Everglades National Park test site; (2) testing selected (199-40-22; 199-40-32) algorithms for discrimination accuracy in wetlands; and developing A broad based basic research program is conducted to data bases over wetlands research test site. This task directs identify organisms that exhibit sensitivity to gravity, and to determine efforts toward a data base designed for modeling environmental the structure and function of their gravity sensing systems. variables in the Everglades which effect methane emissions. Investigators conduct basic research on the mechanisms of gravity detection, and make meaningful comparisons between species with W85-70423 199.30-36 regard to anatomical similarities and differences in an effort to Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. understand differences in gravity detection and sensitivity. To TERRESTRIAL BIOLOGY achieve the above objectives, workshops and symposia are David S. Bartlett 804-865-4345 conducted to develop a constituency of competent researchers, The objectives are to investigate remote sensing capabilities define the research effort, identify important scientific questions, in studies of photosynthetic fixation of atmospheric carbon by tidal develop a research strategy, and establish research priorities. wetland plants and production and flux of biogenic gases from Research proposals will be reviewed for scientific merit, and wetland soils. Assessment of these processes is hypothesized to selected and funded based on their merit and relevance to the be accessible by remote measurement of: (1) biomass and stated goals and objectives. Results of scientific studies are

67 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

presented in scientific journals, technical communications and at W85-70430 199-50-12 national and international scientific meetings. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. CHEMICAL EVOLUTION S. Chang 415-965-6206 W85-70427 199-40-22 (199-50-32; 199-50-42) Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. The objective of research in chemical evolution is to understand the physical-chemical pathways followed by both inorganic and DEV,F.LOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Kenneth A. Souza 415-965-5251 organic matter in the solar system which led, in the case of Earth, to the emergence of life, but which in extraterrestrial environments (199-40-12; 19g-40-32; 199-40-27) Gravity has been an omnipresent force throughout the evolution took divergent paths. The approach taken to meet the objective of life on this planet, its influence on the processes of reproduction, involves primarily both laboratory and computer experiments growth and development is largely unknown. The objectives of designed to simulate various physical-chemical processes that this research program are: (1) to identify fundamental questions occurred putatively on the primitive Earth or other bodies (e.g., in Developmental Biology which require the microgravity of outer planets, meteorite parent bodies) at either macroscopic or spaceflight to answer satisfactorily; (2) to establish a productive microscopic scales. These processes are studied and the chemical cadre of investigators to develop and test experimental hypothesis; outcomes elucidated for the purpose of obtaining data on rates of chemical reactions, abundance of produces, and chemical and and (3) to determine the technology necessary to conduct essential experiments on the ground and in space. To achieve the above physical composition of products. These data provide the input objectives the following approach is utilized: workshops and necessary for the development of self consistent models that symposia are conducted to identify important areas of research, describe, in a geophysical geochemical context, the pathways by which the molecular constituents necessary for the origin of life set research priorities and develop a constituency of competent Developmental Biologists. Research proposals are reviewed for and the systems bearing rudimentary attributes characteristic of scientific merit and relevance to NASA's goals, and objectives. living systems evolved from abiotic milieux. Selected research is funded for a coordinated program of ground-based and flight experiments. The results of the scientific W85-70431 199-50-16 studies are presented in scientific journals, technical communica- Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. tions and at national and international scientific meetings. EARLY ATMOSPHERE: GEOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY Joel S. Levine 804-865-2187 W85-70428 199-40-32 The objectives are to develop a better understanding of the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. geochemical and photochemical processes that controlled the BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION composition of the atmosphere over geological time. The approach E. M. Holton 415-965-5471 consists of" (1) the development of a geochemical flux model to (199-40-12; 199-40-22) investigate the transfer of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, All biological species on Earth have evolved under the influence sulfur, and chlorine species between the atmosphere, oceans, solid of gravity. In response to this force, organisms have developed Earth, and biosphere over geological time; (2) photochemical structures to withstand gravity loads, as well as regulatory systems calculations of the composition of the early atmosphere and its which may be optimized for the terrestrial gravity level (i.e., 1 G). evolution over geological time; and (3) laboratory lightning The objectives of this RTOP are: (1) to compare and contrast experiments in various paleoatmospheric gases mixtures in Langley support structures that living systems have evolved in response Lightning Facility. to gravity and to understand both structural function and regulation; (2) to determine whether gravity directly affects the cells regulating W85-70432 199-50-20 structural mass or exerts its effect extracellularly and to elucidate Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. the mechanism(s) involved; (3) to determine whether temperature ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY-EARLY SOLAR SYSTEM VOLA- regulation is gravity dependent and if the mechanisms controlling TILES AS RECORDED IN METEORITES AND ARCHEAN temperature regulation are calibrated for 1 G; (4) to determine if SAMPLES normal terrestrial gravity plays a role in establishing basal metabolic Everett K. Gibson, Jr. 713-483-6224 rate and biorhythms; and (5) to use the microgravity of spaceflight The goal of this study is to determine the nature of the volatiles to understand how organsims have adapted to gravity during present at the time of formation of the meteorites and in Archean evolution. To accomplish the above objectives, an integrated rock samples which are the oldest rocks on Earth. These volatiles program of ground-based and spaceflight experimentation is are trapped in fluid and vapor inclusions in the samples. The required. A wide range of vertebrate and invertebrate species must recent discovery of fluid inclusions in meteorites, along with the be utilized to examine commonality of biological systems and the fluid inclusions in Archean rocks, offer the opportunity to directly processes that organisms have evolved to cope with gravity. measure the volatile constituents present at the time of formation of these prebiotic materials. The fluid inclusions in meteorites appear to be mostly water with only trace amounts of C, N, S, W85-70429 199-40-33 and O components. Analysis of the trapped volatiles offer the John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. possibility of directly sampling 4.5 b.y. old volatiles. In the case of BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION Archean samples, measurements of trapped liquids and vapors William M. Knott 305-867-3152 from the samples of different ages may offer the opportunity to The KSC Biomedical Office is assuming responsibility for the directly measure the changes of early atmospheric and volatile botanical portion of the Space Biology-Biological Adaptation RTOP. components present during the early history of the Earth. The The objectives of this project are to review the current RTOP chemistry of the atmosphere under which life arose is important. descriptions and make suggestions for changes where appropriate, Earlier views invoking highly reducing conditions are presently giving learn management requirements for the RTOP, and develop a way to geochemical evidence for a nearly neutral atmosphere. plan/schedule for a smooth transition of the program to KSC. We are analyzing the fluid and volatile inclusions in a suite of The approach will be to review appropriate literature, interact with well-characterized Archean samples of different age along with researchers involved in the program, submit a plan to headquarters inclusion-bearing meteorite samples in order to directly analyze for approval, and work actively with headquarter's personnel in the early volatile and/or atmospheric composition. From the transitioning the program. The four T-43's (02-05) submitted with analysis of the fluid and vapor inclusions in these well-characterized this proposal are outdated and will be updated early in the approach materials, models of the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere are phase. This planning activity will be completed without additional developed along with providing vital information about the condi- cost to the program. tions under which meteorites formed.

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W8EP70433 199-50-22 design, and total system design (including work on other sub- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. systems), will be rigorously explored. ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY D. J. DesMarais 415-965-6110 W85-70436 199-50-52 (199-50-12; 199-50-42) Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. This work seeks to understand the origin and early evolution LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE of life on Earth through studies of organic matter in ancient rocks, J. Billingham 415-965-5181 contemporary environments, and microorganisms. In practice, the (199-50-12; 199-50-22; 199-50-32) objective is to elucidate the chemical relationships between The goals are to understand the history of the biogenic sedimentary organic matter and the biosphere from which it derives. elements and their compounds in the galaxy, in the solar system, The specific objective is to understand the originof stable isotopic and during the early evolution of the Earth, to explore ways of patterns in sedimentary organic matter. Because sedimentary stable investigating these elements and compounds using space tele- isotopic abundances are influenced by microbial biochemistry and scopes; to study possible evolutionary pathways for complex life; also are well preserved in ancient rocks, their study complements and to examine the influence of astrophysical, stellar, and solar more traditional methods of early evolution research. Stable carbon system events on the evolution of complex life on Earth. This and nitrogen isotopic fractionation in microbial metabolism will be RTOP has two distinct parts: the history of the biogenic elements, examined. Using this knowledge, isotopic fractionation in biogeo- and the evolution of complex life. In each part a series of chemically significant microorganisms will be investigated to learn Science Workshops has explored the major scientific questions, how they impose their chemical and isotopic signatures upon the to determine which are amenable to theoretical, experimental, or organic constituents of rocks. Through field studies, these observational approaches, and to recommend the major elements signatures in contemporary environments will be related to their of a research program to pursue those objectives. The recom- analogs in ancient fossils and sediments. mendations of the Science Workshops are now being incorporated into specific research proposals which address high priority W85-70434 199-50-32 scientific questions, and which include one task on the definition Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. of observational science which should be carried out on the ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE biogenic elements and compounds in different locations in the L. I. Hochstein 415-965-5938 solar system and universe, using space telescopes. (199-50-12; 199-50-42) The objectives of this research are to explore the mechanisms, W85-70437 199-50-62 processes, and environments associated with the origin(s) and Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. evolution of life on Earth and to ascertain to what extent they THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE represent constraints within which life can develop elsewhere in (SETI) the Universe and to utilize such information to design models B. Oliver 415-965-5181 lending themselves to experimental verification. The origin of life The SETI program is an R&D effort which has the following represents a point on a conceptual continuum that characterizes objectives: (1) to conduct an extensive five year R&D effort to the physical, chemical, and biological evolution of matter. While determine the most cost effective way to do SETI and to carry experimental verification of hypotheses concerned with cosmologi- out limited but significant SETI observations; (2) to design, build, cal and chemical evolution can be carried out on the extraterrestrial and test a SETI prototype system; (3) to use the prototype at stage, studies on the origin and evolution of life are limited to Goldstone and Arecibo for initial SETI observations; (4) to evaluate experimental material available, terrestrial life. Several crucial areas the SETI system for its value for radio astronomy; and (5) to of study have been identified for extensive investigation from which explore new technologies for SETI. In accomplishing these first principles can be discerned and applied to the formulation of objectives, telescope-SETI hardware interfaces will be deter- a theory for the origin and early evolution of life. Two approaches mined, alternative observational techniques investigated and are adopted for studying biogenesis and bioevolution: one is to various signal processing and identification methods examined in posit plausible models for relevant processes and environments, software and optimized for implementation in hardware. Signals of and test them either experimentally or by the use of computer natural and artificial origin will be sought over portions of the sky simulations; the other is to identify early events and their evolution- between 1 and 10 GHz and selected solar type stars will be ary context in contemporary organisms since they are, in fact, searched in the 1 to 3 GHz range. These initial observations are repositories of information concerning what took place during the expected to continue through 1987. The plan is divided into six evolution of life. hardware phases, each of which improves the prototype capability.

W85-70435 199-50-42 W85-70438 199--61-12 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. SOLAR SYSTEM EXPLORATION CELSS DEVELOPMENT G. C. Carle 415-965-5765 R. D. MacEIroy 415-965-5573 (199-50-12; 199-50-22) (199-61-22) The goal of this study is to provide specific information on the This RTOP supports the development of bioregenerative life chemical composition of the atmospheres and the volatiles in support systems. Investigations are directed toward the practical surface and particulate matter of solar system bodies including use of higher plants, algae, microorganisms and physical chemical planets, their satellites, comets, asteroids, meteorites and dust in devices for two purposes: (1) to produce water, food, and oxygen space. This information is essential for selecting or devising the for crew consumption in orbit or on the lunar surface, and (2) to most appropriate model for the evolution of the solar system and consume carbon dioxide and other crew and system waste for each of the investigated bodies, and will further provide a materials. The goal is to insure recycling and regeneration of basis for understanding the conditions necessary for the origin of materials needed for crew support. The control and the efficiency life by comparisons of the evolution and the chemistries of these of such bioregenerative systems will also be studied. The approach bodies. Improved methods and instrumentation will be developed is to investigate the rates at which organisms or physical- for in situ chemical analyses of the volatile species contained in chemical devices produce or consume biomass, food, oxygen, atmospheres, surfaces and particulates. Special emphasis is carbon dioxide, potable water, and fixed nitrogen in response to directed to the development of the gas chromatographic approach changes in environmental variables such as temperature, atmosp- since it is now proven to be among the most effective means for heric gas composition, lighting intensity, duration and quality, measuring complex gaseous chemical mixtures. Improvements in humidity, wind speed, and the composition of the nutrient medium. the gas chromatography, such as column technology, detector Methods of increasing system efficiency, stability, and control

69 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

through automated sensing, data collection, and data interpretation use the information as a basis for future flight experiments. The will be examined. raw data collected during flight will be stored in a computer at ARC. Software will be developed for formatting and analyzing the W85-70439 199-61-22 in-flight data; it will then be put in the National Data Center for Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. reference. The extended data base will permit analyses not now CELSS DEMONSTRATION contemplated but which might become desirable in the future. R. D. Johnson 415-965-5117 (199-61-12) W85-70443 199-70-52 Independent investigations of the feasibility and efficiency of Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. using photosynthetic organisms as the basis of a life support system DATA BASE DEVELOPMENT strongly suggest that the concept is practical. However, a W. J. Gurney 415-965-6696 demonstration of life support capability for a system of this type The objective of this effort is to construct a common Life must include recycling of essential materials through chemical and Sciences space flight data archive containing non-human data. physical processes, and include system monitoring, control, and This data base, in concert with like efforts at JSC and KSC (human the use of active materials reservoirs. This RTOP is directed to data and general/baseline data, respectively) would provide a the development and construction of a facility capable of demon- readily available source of comprehensive space flight data to strating that the functions and efficiencies observed in the Life Sciences research investigators. A database working group laboratory are attainable in a coupled system. The approach will must be convened among the three Centers to: (1) ensure computer utilize the expertise of scientists associated with the Bioregenera- compatibility, and (2) select a database management system tJve Life Support (CELSS) program to develop a conceptual design capable of supporting this effort. of the laboratory complex, and also to establish the general requirements of the equipment that will be used in the complex. W85-70444 199-80-32 Following the definition of scientific requirements, a series of design Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. concepts and cost estimates will be developed by professional VESTIBULAR RESEARCH FACILITY (VRF)/VARIABLE (VGRF) engineers. After reviews involving scientific evaluations, a design GRAVITY RESEARCH will be established and facilities will be fabricated. R. W. Mah 415-965-6538 A vestibular research facility (VRF) Scientific Research Program W85-70440 199-61-31 will be developed which will permit scientists to conduct fundamen- Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. tal vestibular research using a wider range of experimental stimuli AVANCED LIFE SUPPORT and state-of-the-art hardware capabilities not available elsewhere. C. D. Perner 713-483-3987 Current theories in vestibular research are that the vestibular The objectives of this program are to define the requirements system is intimately involved with space adaptation syndrome, as and specifications necessary for the orderly design and develop- it is with terrestrial motion sickness. It is believed that a fundamental ment of spacecraft systems and crew accommodations capable understanding of the vestibular system is necessary before a of sustaining long duration human occupancy in an environment satisfactory prevention or cure can be derived. A VRF Science which promotes efficiency of task executions and physical and Laboratory is being developed for use by the scientific community. psychological well being. This program includes tasks related to A VGRF hardware design for gravitational research and 1-g control hygiene, waste management, food, clothing, recreation, consum- in space using VRF core modules will also be developed. A ground ables management, housekeeping, equipment maintenance, living version of the VRF modules will be constructed under the guidance quarters, and mobility aids. A series of continuing tasks will be of the VRF Science Advisory Committee. This ground equipment implemented to identify, assess, develop, and validate technologies includes many, but not all, of the stimulus and recording modes involved. Existing tasks in living provisions systems and architecture of the flight version. The Science Advisory Committee for VRF leading toward systems specifications for use as inputs to space feels that this facility presents a unique opportunity to conduct station development will be continued. animal and potentially human research concerning vestibular function. W85-70441 199-61-41 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. W85-70445 199-80-52 EVA SYSTEMS (MAN-MACHINE ENGINEERING Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. REQUIREMENTS FOR DATA AND FUNCTIONAL INTERFACES) LARGE PRIMATE FACILITY J. L. Lewis 713-483-2368 E. W. Gomersall 415-965-5730 The objectives of this RTOP are: to enhance human capabilities The initial objectives of this effort are twofold: (1) to obtain and human productivity in space; to continue to pursue state of scientific guidance for the conceptual design and development of the art technology and to advance that technology for the purpose a Large Primate Facility (LPF) which can be used in the spacelab of creating more effective and efficient man-machine interface for and long duration missions; (2) to evaluate the feasibility of manned spacecraft; to develop models of human performance in modifications to the RAHF system to support this type of mission. space to support the design of spacecraft and mission planning; A group of scientists has been formed to identify science objectives and to quantify man-machine engineering data, both on the ground and requirements for a large primate facility. In addition, detailed and in flight. The approach is to implement a series of continuing engineering studies will be conducted on the potential use of the tasks to identify and implement workable instrumentation packages RAHF subsystems in conjunction with existing concepts for primate for acquiring quantitative man-machine engineering data in one g, experimentation in space (e.g., the French MEPP). simulated zero g, and actual g; to continue those efforts currently defined that lead toward definitive design requirements for use as W95-70446 199-80-72 inputs to the Operator Station Design System; and to pursue Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. feasibility studies of promising new crew interface items. PLANT RESEARCH FACILITIES E. L. Merek 415-965-6745 W85-70442 199-70-41 The overall objectives are to provide scientific guidance for Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. the design and development of general purpose plant research EXTENDED DATA ANALYSIS facilities for spaceflight which can be used for the study of plant W. Bush development, physiology, and growth in a weightless environment; The objective of this effort is to further analyze data from to establish design requirements for flight plant research facilities Spacelab and Cosmos missions beyond that contemplated by the compatible with spacecraft; and to identify hardware concepts for participating life sciences investigators. The results will be available such designs. A science advisory group will be organized to identify in usable form both to NASA and investigators who might wish to the science requirements for plant experiments in space. These

70 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

requirements will be used by the engineers to develop preliminary numerical modeling. Individual mass ejection events are studied hardware designs which will be subject to the review of the science to understand thoroughly the events' creation and evolution and advisory group. A prototype will be fabricated from the approved their relationship to other forms of solar activity. The behavior of design, evaluated and tested using procedures also recommended idealized transients near the Sun are calculated through numerical by the advisory group. modeling. Coronal mass ejections are examined in interplanetary space, primarily observationally, and also by numerical modeling. W85-70447 199-90-71 The kinematic and dynamic behavior of the heliospheric current Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. sheet is modeled. INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH Joseph P. Kerwin 713-483-3503 W85-70451 385-38-01 The Life Sciences Directorate at Johnson Space Center is Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. responsible for the development of a comprehensive biomedical SOLAR IR HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY FROM ORBIT: research program in support of manned space flight. This broad, AN ATLAS FREE OF TELLURIC CONTAMINATION multidiscipline mandate to acquire new knowledge is directed J. B. Breckinridge 213-354-6785 toward the acquisition of definitive data regarding the effects of The objective is to prepare for publication in a standard solar the space environment on life systems in order to define the atlas format a spectrophotometric atlas of the solar disk center. critical physiological and psychological variables which must be This atlas will have some spectral lines identified, have a signal integrated into the overall considerations of spacecraft designers noise ratio greater than 1000 to 1, have a spectral resolution of and mission planners. The objective of the interdisciplinary research 0.01 per cm, have a spectral bandpass of 625 to 4,700 per cm RTOP is to provide flexibility in the accomplishment of this goal. and will have no spectral contamination from the Earth's at- The responsibility for planning, implementing, and continually mosphere. The approach is to use the calibration data recorded evaluating the life sciences programs at Johnson includes the during the scheduled flight of the ATMOS interference spectrom- need to provide support for preliminary investigation of various eter. This 1 meter optical path difference Fourier transform alternative advanced research and technology efforts which might spectrometer will be used to record both stratospheric and solar ultimately become part of an approved programmed RTOP absorption spectra during sunrise and sunset as observed from assigned to the Center. An aggressive and responsive attention orbit. The primary objective of the experiment is to acquire data to alternative advanced programs requires that the Center Director for stratospheric physics and chemistry. This RTOP is for funds for Life Sciences have some autonomous discretion in the pursuit to prepare the solar atlas for use by solar astronomers. of tentative investigations. W85-70452 385-46-01 W85-70448 199-90-72 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS: DATA ANALYSIS, INTER- AMES RESEARCH CENTER INITIATIVES PRETATION AND THEORETICAL STUDIES J. C. Sharp 415-965-5100 Stephen S. Holt 301-344-8801 The mission of the Life Sciences Directorate at Ames Research This RTOP is to support laboratory efforts at processing, Center is to understand the origin of life on Earth and to search analysis and interpretation of data involving correlative studies from for life-related compounds and life elsewhere in the universe, to a variety of spaceflight experiments, and to conduct theoretical understand the effects of space flight upon humans and other life studies to support this effort. These theoretical and interpretive forms, and to provide environments and equipment in spacecraft studies will lead to the publication of results in the scientific that will permit crews and passengers to exist safely and perform literature and help in the planning of new missions in the areas of effectively. The Center Initiatives RTOP provides the appropriate X-ray and gamma ray astronomy, energetic particle or cosmic ray flexibility in the accomplishment of our mission by providing support astrophysics, and cosmological studies. The approach involves use for preliminary investigation of various alternative life sciences of multi-satellite data sets such as Voyager, Pioneer, IMP and research and technology efforts which may result in formal research Helios data for cosmic ray studies and Ariel 5, OSO-8, HEAO-1 proposals ultimately becoming part of an approved RTOP. The and Einstein for X-ray astronomy, and comparisons with data from Director of Life Sciences, ARC, will review the proposed efforts other observatories, both space and ground based, at other and select the tasks which will become part of this RTOP. Those wavelengths. A strong emphasis is placed on creating the tasks which show potential for further research pursuit will theoretical framework for interpreting the results. This RTOP subsequently be submitted for future review and approval in the supports graduate student thesis research, research associates appropriate problem oriented RTOP's. and occasionally a senior faculty member on leave from an academic institution. As an example, in the X-ray area we will follow up on the discovery of new temporal and spectral pheno- Data Analysis mena in sources. The data bases span 5 years and offer complementary information on variability of sources on time scales of milliseconds to years and spectra from 0.5 keV up to MeV. We W85-70449 385-38-01 plan to emphasize spectral-temporal correlations best studied with Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. multiple observations, to study models recommended by recent SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS DATA ANALYSIS theoretical work and observations at other wavelengths, and studies M. Neugebauer 818-354-2005 which could be followed up by future missions such as XTE. High-time-resolution plasma and magnetic field data are used to study the properties of discontinuities in the solar wind. Special emphasis is given to tangential discontinuities because they do Solar Terrestrial Theory Program not propagate through the wind and may thus retain some information about conditions at the solar source. W85-70453 441-05-01 W85-70450 385-38-01 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ENERGETIC PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN SOLAR SYSTEMS CORONAL DATA ANALYSIS PLASMAS E. Hildner 205-453-0123 R. Ramaty 301-344-8715 The objective of this research is to understand coronal mass The objectives of this RTOP are: (1) to study the acceleration ejections, both in the solar corona and in interplanetary space, of energetic particles in the solar system; (2) to publish in the and also to study solar influences on the interplanetary medium. scientific literature and to present at professional meetings the Using SMM Coronagraph/Polarimeter data, correlative data, and significant results of such research; and (3) to collaborate with

71 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

and support theoretical research of graduate students, research of scientific data from the Pioneer vector helium magnetometers associates, coinvestigators from other academic institutions who and from the ISEE-1, -2, -3 plasma wave instruments. In addition, work on the subject matter of the RTOP. Theoretical research on research topics involving the ISEE-3 magnetometer not supported particle acceleration in solar system plasmas is conducted in the by the project, will be included here. The data have previously Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics by three civil sevice been reduced using project funds and are available for more employees (R. Ramaty, F. C. Jones and T. G. Northrop), two intensive analysis. The following general topics will be investigated: research associates (J. McKinley, D. Ellison and J. Weatherall) (1) the structure and dynamics of the magnetospheres of Jupiter and one graduate student (R. Murphy). This research is carried and Saturn; (2) plasma waves inside planetary magnetospheres, out within the framework of NASA's solar terrestrial theory program. in the magnetosheath, at, and upstream of, the bowshock and in In addition to laboratory for high energy astrophysics personnel, interplanetary space; (3) the heliospheric magnetic field and solar three other Goddard Scientists (C. J. Crannell, R. J. Drachman wind including the large scale structure, radial and latitudinal and M. L. Goldstein) as well as M. Forman (state University of gradients, interaction regions, rarefraction regions, shocks, New York) and D. Eichler (University of Maryland) are involved in discontinuities, and waves; and (4) the heliospheric magnetic field this program. and energetic particles including cosmic rays and interplanetary proton streams. Already available data will be supplemented by observations made by other spacecraft as the additional observa- Solar Terrestrial SR&T tions are needed. The work will be carried out by members of the JPL Magnetic Fields Group (I. J. Smith, J. A. Slavin, B. T. Thomas, B. T. Tsurutani) in collaboration with investigators from outside W85-70454 442-20-01 the laboratory. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. SPACE PLASMA LABORATORY RESEARCH W85-70457 442-20-01 Andrei Konradi 713-483-2956 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. SPACE PLASMA DATA ANALYSIS A significant laboratory research program in space plasma physics has been in existence at the Johnson Space Center since C.R.Chappell 205-453-3036 1977. Until 1981 all experimental work had been performed in (442-36-55) JSC's large vacuum chamber A. Since the decommissioning of The objective of this RTOP is an adequate understanding of that chamber, a small, laboratory sized chamber has been put the dynamics of low energy plasma in the Earth's magnetosphere. into operation to continue the research. Specifically the objective This research involves the analysis of data from spacecraft and is to: (1) Provide support for non-JSC guest experiments using ground based laboratory investigations. This individual RTOP the facility in terms of logistics, laboratory instrumentation, and consists of a coordinated set of tasks which includes: (1) analysis limited hardware and labor. (2) To continue jointly with Rice of the Light Ion Mass Spectrometer data from the NASA/DOD University an in-house laboratory research program designed to SCATHA satellite; (2) laboratory simulation of plasma flow around enhance our understanding of certain plasma phenomena observed different objects; (3) modeling of thermal plasma processes; in space. The currently available plasma research facility consists (4) analysis of data and development of models relating to the of a vacuum chamber with a diameter of 4 ft. and a length of effects of spacecraft plasma sheaths upon low energy charged 9 ft. It is surrounded by an electromagnet capable of producing a particle data; and (5) development of multispacecraft merged data solonoidal field of 38 gauss. Internal to the chamber is an electron sets and advanced display techniques. gun, a carbon electron beam collector, and a 3 dimensional traversal system for positioning of diagnostic probes. It is also W85-70458 442-20-02 instrumented for RF/Langmuir probes, photometers and RPA's. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. The chamber is used by A. Konradi, R. J. Jost of JSC and W. DATA ANALYSIS - SPACE PLASMA PHYSICS Bernstein of Rice University for research on the beam plasma J. K. Alexander 301-344-7110 discharge. The basic objective is to study the observed properties of the interplanetary medium and the magnetospheres of the Earth and W85-70455 442-20-01 other planets and to identify and understand the physical processes Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. operating within and between these regimes. This is achieved by RADIO ANALYSIS OF INTERPLANETARY SCINTILLATIONS processing, analyzing and interpreting experimental data derived R. Woo 213-354-3945 largely from flight programs after funding from project offices has This RTOP provides scientific analysis and interpretation of terminated, permitting long term phenomenological studies, radio data received from various deep space missions. The radio comparisons of data with new theories and models, correlative scattering measurements of the solar wind are conducted with studies of data obtained from various satellites and ground based the coherent, monochromatic and point-source signals received observatories, and the deposition of additional data sets in the from deep space spacecraft. These studies, made possible by NSSDC. The essential data to be used in this investigation include recently developed radio scintillation techniques, yield information measurements of magnetic fields, plasmas, energetic particles, on electron density fluctuations covering a wider range of scale plasma waves and radio radiation. These data are used to sizes and heliocentric distances than have ever been possible determine the various dynamic and energetic states of the before. Extensive solar wind velocity measurements are also made interplanetary medium and the magnetosphere and to assess the in the acceleration region of the solar wind. The spacecraft whose transport and deposition of matter and energy within and between radio signals are used include Pioneer, Helios and Voyager. The these physical regions. These basic properties and processes are scientific objectives are: (1) the study of structure and evolution then used in the study of specific geophysical phenomena such of interplanetary disturbances (including shock waves and corota- as interplanetary sectors and flows, energetic particle acceleration, ting high-speed streams) close to the Sun; (2) the measurement auroral current systems, and magnetic fields and plasma in the of the solar wind velocity near the Sun; and (3) the measurement plasma sheet and the magnetotail. Basic theory complementary of the electron density spectrum in the scale size range of 10 to to the data analysis effort is carried out in the areas of kinetic 1 to the 7th power. plasma physics and the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields. W85-70456 442-20-01 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. W85-70459 442-36-55 MAGNETOSPHERIC AND INTERPLANETARY PHYSICS: DATA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ANALYSIS SPACE PLASMA SRT E. J. Smith 818-354-2248 C. R. Chappell 205-453-3036 The objective is to provide for the analysis and interpretation (442-20-01 )

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The objectives of this and another closely related RTOP are and (3) an investigation of the divergence of solar wind flow from to develop space plasma instrumentation for automated spacecraft, the heliospheric equatorial plane at increasing radial distances. sounding rocket, and shuttle payloads. To accomplish these The objectives of the solar wind-cometary interaction study are to objectives, the following tasks will be performed: (1) upgrade the investigate plasma-neutral interactions and model small scale sensitivity of the differential ion flux probe (DIFP) instrument to be structures. The same techniques will be applied to the heliospheric used for the measurement of multiple directed, low energy ion interaction. The objective of the magnetostatic modelling study is streams. This technique has been applied in laboratory wind to determine the effects of changes in Birkeland currents systems tunnel studies and will be used on a future rocket flight into the and external magnetic fields upon the configuration of the aurora in 1984. (2) continue the design of an advanced retarding magnetopause. The extent to which the equatorial divergence of ion mass spectrometer for the measurement of low energy plasma the solar wind is produced by preferential winding up of magnetic distributions in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. This instrument field in the equatorial plane or is instead produced by the zones was flown on a mid-latitude sounding rocket in the fall of 1979 of compression in corotating interaction regions will be assessed. and on a high-latitude auroral rocket in March 1980, The instru- The cometary-solar wind (interstellar gas-solar wind) interaction ment throughput will be upgraded for potential flight on future model is being implemented with a finite difference code including NASA and DOD satellite missions. more than one species and a moving mesh. A technique that self-consistently finds the magnetopause location for assumed W85-70460 442-36-55 interior current configurations is used to investigate the effects of Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. changes in magnetospheric current systems from quiet to active PARTICLES AND PARTICLE/FIELD INTERACTIONS periods. Theoretical models of effects due to colliding streams Keith W. Ogilvie 301-344-5904 will be compared to Pioneer 10 and 11 observations in the outer The object of this research is to increase the knowledge and solar system. understanding of nonthermal plasmas occurring in the in- terplanetary medium and magnetospheres of Earth and other planets. This requires continuous improvement of measurement W85-70463 442-36-56 techniques, concentrating on advanced concepts for plasma Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. detectors, mass spectrometers, magnetometers and radio and PARTICLE AND PARTICLE/PHOTON INTERACTIONS (AT- plasma wave analyzers. Work is also under way to improve the MOSPHERIC MAGNETOSPHERIC COUPLING) theoretical description of plasma properties, and to improve James P. Heppner 301-344-8797 techniques for the interpretation of the results of space plasma The objective is to develop experimental and theoretical experiments, requiring corresponding improvements in numerical approaches for investigating the processes which provide strong techniques and in methods of data display. coupling between the neutral atmosphere, the collision dominated ionospheric plasma, and the collisionless magnetospheric plasma. W85-70461 442-36-55 Within the framework of this overall objective, specific sub- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. objectives are identified in terms of having: (1) key significance; JUPITER AND TERRESTRIAL MAGNETOSPHERE- (2) goals which are attainable with limited resources; and (3) close IONOSPHERE INTERACTION ties to future projects and programs. Emphasis is placed on electric M. M. Litvak 213-354-7441 field and wind forces and the associated transport and energization Calculations will be done on a pulsed-maser theory of Jupiter of particles that occurs within the Earth's magnetic and gravitational and terrestrial pulsed radio emission and on a theory of the fields. Related topics include: electric fields in the Earth-ionosphere interaction with the upper ionosphere of these radio sources lying cavity and their relation to weather processes; electric current in the lower magnetosphere. Nonthermal plasma-wave and particle systems and associated magnetic field disturbances; the generation distribution functions will be derived from the theory when of thermospheric winds and gravity waves; the transformation of predicted and observed burst waveforms and dynamic spectra atmospheric ions to trapped radiation; auroral particle acceleration are compared. Derived wave and particle fluxes will predict auroral mechanisms; plasma instabilities producing ionospheric irregulari- image and spectral data. The pulsed-maser theory is based on ties, etc. New instrumentation is being developed for observations concepts of maser oscillators that radiate from small regions that of tracer chemicals and for measurements of low energy parti- saturate at intensity levels set by the pump rate and that pulse cles. Properties of double probes in low density plasmas are being due to competition with other stimulated emission effects, particu- studied. Models for the injection, diffusion, and transport of tracer larly stimulated backscatter in the magnetoplasma. The radio particles are being developed for planning future chemical release intensity of finite pulse-trains will be calculated from rate equations experiments. predicting relaxation oscillations of the maser, the generation of soliton-like pulses whose frequency drifts in time, and other nonlinear phenomena. These intensity and frequency characteris- tics will be compared with those of observations as part of a W85-70464 442-36-99 technique for recovering the particle distribution function. Parame- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ters of the distribution function are evaluated by a numerical, MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS - PARTICLES AND PARTICLE/ least-squares fitting algorithm. Effects of the derived particle and FIELD INTERACTION wave fluxes on the energetics and turbulence of the region below A. Barnes 415-965-5506 the radio source will be evaluated by means of available excitation The overall objective is to investigate the solar wind, its origin, cross sections for the particle interactions and the related transport termination, dynamics and turbulence, as well as its interaction coefficients. with planetary obstacles. Theoretical studies will be conducted, aimed at understanding the large-scale dynamics of the solar wind, W85-70462 442-36-55 its acceleration and heating mechanisms, and waves and turbu- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. lence in the solar wind. These studies employ known theoretical THEORETICAL SPACE PLASMA PHYSICS techniques of plasma physics and magnetohydrodynamics, and B. E. Goldstein 818-354-7366 also often require extensions of basic theoretical plasma physics. The objective is to advance our understanding of space plasma Theoretical developments will be related to spacecraft plasma and physics and to provide continuing theoretical support for observa- magnetic data, as well as to indirect observations of the solar tional space plasma programs. Work is to be performed in three wind. Theoretical studies of possible relations between variations areas: (1) magnetohydrodynamic flow modelling of the solar wind in solar output (radiation and/or charged particles and magnetic interaction with comets and of the solar wind with the interstellar fields) and terrestrial weather and climate will be carried out. medium; (2) magnetostatic equilibrium modelling to determine the Theoretical studies of the solar wind-Venus interaction will be location of the magnetopause for varying geomagnetic conditions; conducted.

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Sounding Rockets-Solar Terrestrial government agencies for the purpose of supporting CCIR and World Administrative Radio Conferences in making decisions on frequency and orbit utilization and earthstation and satellite W85-70465 445-11-36 approvals and in providing for the growth of existing and new Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. multipurpose satellite services. The specific objective for FY-85 is SOUNDING ROCKETS: SPACE PLASMA PHYSICS EXPERI- to support NASA headquarters with the analysis of spectrum and MENTS orbit issues to develop the domestic and international regulatory James P. Heppner 301-344-8797 framework best to serve the national requirements for fixed and The objective is to perform measurements and experiments mobile communications and new multipurpose satellite services. that will lead to an understanding of the interactive processes The approaches are to participate in studies and analyses leading that occur between neutral gases, plasmas, energetic particles, to advanced planning of the frequency allocation and regulatory and electric fields in the atmosphere, ionosphere; and near earth framework for space services as welt as studies for NASA, CCIR, magnetosphere. Emphasis is placed on measurements and and Administration Radio Conferences. The studies for specific experiments and experiments that utilize the unique characteristics space programs will include: RFI analysis, transborder frequency of sounding rocket trajectories and/or the low cost, quick reaction sharing, feeder link frequency sharing, feeder link frequency sounding rocket approach which permits program flexibility. assessment, and regulatory support. The economic/institutional Historically, this approach has logically been extended to include: study on the future satellite services will be continued. Studies on (1) piggyback experiments on orbiting vehicles; (2) experiments the fixed, mobile, broadcasting, and new multipurpose satellite involving sounding rocket flights in association with simultaneous services will be conducted as required. satellite measurements in selected geometrical coincidence between trajectories; (3) flight testing of new instrumentation and W85-70468 643-10-02 measurement techniques; (4) shuttle flights of low cost, rocket Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. type payloads; and (5) investigations of the electrodynamics of NEW SPACE APPLICATION CONCEPT STUDIES AND STATU- middle atmosphere (i.e., below 90 Km) using sounding rockets for TORY FILINGS deploying payloads which descend via parachutes. J. R. Rainier 216-433-4000 (643-10-01; 650-60-26) The objective of this RTOP is to: (1) identify and define new Technical Consultation and Support applications for communication satellites; (2) define preliminary Studies concepts, configurations, requirements and costs of alternative operational systems for new applications; (3) identify the tech- nologies required to enable the implementation of advanced W85-70466 643-10-01 operational communication satellites; (4) formulate preliminary plans Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. for developing the required technologies; and (5) support appropri- SPECTRUM AND ORBIT UTILIZATION STUDIES ate initiatives in the FCC, IRAC, and ITU for new space communica- E. F. Miller 216-433-4000 tions applications. The approach is to formulate and carry out in-house and contracted studies to meet the objectives. These The objective of this RTOP is to: (1) provide technical studies will be of a scoping nature and will address the technical, consultation services support in the area of space services with economic and institution/regulatory feasibility of operational particular emphasis on preparing for international meetings relating to the fixed-satellite service (FSS), the mobile-satellite service systems. (MSS) and the broadcast-satellite service (BSS); (2) provide the W85-70469 643-10-02 technical basis and regulatory support needed to obtain sufficient orbit/spectrum to meet current and projected requirements of Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. NASA and the United States; and (3) perform studies, develop NEW APPLICATION CONCEPTS AND STUDIES Y. H. Park 213-354-5170 analytical methods for spectrum management, conduct evaluations, identify technology status and needs, perform critical technology (650-60-15; 506-58-25; 643-10-01; 643-10-03) developments, perform measurements (where necessary) to The objectives of this RTOP are to provide for the growth of determine sharing criteria, and evaluate alternatives that result in existing satellite services and new communications satellite efficient and cost-effective use of the geostationary orbit/spectrum applications, and ensure compatibility of NASA's communications resource. Specifically, these activities will: (1) support domestic flight programs with other space and terrestrial services. Govern- and international preparatons for the 1985/1988 Space Services ment procedures require all agencies to submit proposed new WARC with primary emphasis on the FSS and the MSS, and space system concepts to IRAC and OMB for review four to six secondary emphasis on the BSS; and (2) support domestic and years prior to their planned date of initial operation. This is to international MSS planning in the 806-890 MHz band. The ensure spectrum availability for telecommunications systems prior described activities will be conducted within the framework and to commitment of public funds. The approach will include studies schedules of the applicable CCIR Study Groups, the special of system concepts with potential applications within the NASA preparatory committees established in the United States, and the Communications Program. These studies will include conceptual national and international meetings called to support preparations designs, user functional requirements, cost effectiveness, system for the Conferences. Efforts planned are a combination of in-house tradeoffs, and sharing studies required to demonstrate compatibility and contract activities. with existing or planned services. Specific objectives of this RTOP in FY '85 will be to continue and document conceptual designs of W85-70467 643-10-O1 the second generation LMSS spacecraft and provice assessment Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. of telecommunication issues and technologies started in FY '84. SPECTRUM AND ORBIT UTILIZATION STUDIES Also objectives will be to establish a cost model for the overall J. J. Talbott 213-354-5170 land mobile satellite system including spacecrafts and all ground (643-10-02) systems. The objective of this RTOP is to insure the growth of space applications by providing the technical basis, legal authority, and W85-70470 643-10-03 regulatory framework needed to obtain sufficient spectrum and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. orbital positions to meet current and projected requirements. The PROPAGATION STUDIES AND MEASUREMENTS result of this work will be used by NASA to help determine its E. K. Smith 213-354-8040 radio frequency and r oital requirements and to secure compatibility (643-10-01; 643-10-02) between NASA flig;lt programs and other space and terrestrial The objectives of the NASA Propagation Studies and Measure- services. The result will also be used by NASA and other ments Program are to provide an understanding and analysis of

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the basic propagation mechanisms which hinder reliable Earth- transceiver configuration. As technologies evolve and new modula- space communications, and to develop predictive models for the tion, coding, vocoding, antenna, or networking are to be tested, quantitative evaluation of propagation effects in the bands allocated these peripheral modules can be evaluated using the core module for space applications. The objectives of the program are ac- as a basis. The baseline terminal will be capable of transmitting complished under four major task activities: (1) propagation 2400 bps of speech and data in 5 KHz channel and will be measurements and experiments; (2) propagation effects modeling upgraded later to transmit 4800 bps in the same channel spacing. and analysis; (3) propagation assessment and evaluation; and The emphasis will be on spectral and power efficiency at low (4) advanced propagation studies. The first area includes the cost. traditional area of the program (satellite based and ground based experiments above 10 GHz) which has been de-emphasized in FY-85; and airborne propagation experiments supporting the mobile satellite (MSAT-X) program which has been expanded. The second Advanced Communications Research area supports model development in Earth-space propagation (foliage attenuation, terrain multipath, space diversity, ionospheric and tropospheric scintillation, natural noise, fade rate and fade duration). The third area involves NASA activities in CCIR (Interna- W85-70473 656-60-20 tional Radio Consultative Committee) in the propagation area; in Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. the updating of the NASA propagation handbook for satellite system SPACE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS ANTENNA TECHNOL- design; and propagation effects assessment at UHF for mobile OGY satellite applications. The fourth area includes multiple scattering J. W. Bagwell 216-433-6196 and coherence bandwidth studies and propagation constraints on The objective is to conduct supporting research and technol- digital and wideband systems. ogy development on a multibeam antenna system for advanced geostationary communication satellites and supporting earth terminals. Efforts will be directed at applications of such antennas Experiment Coordination and Operations for multiple spot beams and scanning beams. Previous efforts Support under this RTOP have resulted in the design, fabrication, and delivery of POC models of both ground and satellite antennas. Current efforts will involve the evaluation of those antennas, their W85-70471 646.41.01 incorporation into laboratory systems, and assessment of require- Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. ments for future systems. Future efforts will be directed at using EXPERIMENTS COORDINATION AND MISSION SUPPORT advanced technology in the development of mobile antennas for J. W. Bagwell 216-433-6196 30/20 GHz applications and the development of spaceborne The objective of this effort is to provide the technology, skills, antennas for intersatellite links. and services necessary for the conduct of a meaningful experiment program using advanced communications satellite technology. The approach is to: investigate and evaluate transitional and low cost W85-70474 650-60-21 techniques for providing earth terminal systems for the conduct of Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. experiments using satellites incorporating advanced communica- SATELLITE SWITCHING AND PROCESSING SYSTEMS tions technologies; and to supply equipment updates and oper- J. W. Bagwell 216-433-6196 ational in-house support of the communications research facilities (650-60-20; 650-60-22; 650-60-23) at LeRC. The objectives are to develop the switching technology for the routing of signals (message traffic) aboard multibeam, multi- W85-70472 646-41-03 channel communications satellites; to develop spectrally efficient, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. high data rate digital modulation technology; and design and THIN-ROUTE USER TERMINAL development of the enabling LSI technology for flight system F. Naderi 213-354-5095 implementation of a baseband processing (i.e., digital routing) for (650-60-15; 646-41-02) communications satellite applications. Work will consist of multiple The Communications Division of the Office of Space Science contracts in FY-85 to develop advanced modulation technology and Applications of the National Aeronautics and Space Administra- and burst demodulators for the space and ground segments using tion (NASA) is currently engaged inan activity aimed at accelerating bandwidth efficient concepts and cost reducing techniques. the deployment of the first generation of satellites for land mobile communications and technologically enhancing future generations. While the first satellite will be developed and operated by the W85-70475 650-60-22 private sector, NASA intends to obtain a portion of the satellite Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. capacity in return for free or favorable launch terms. NASA will RF COMPONENTS FOR SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS then use its portion of the capacity to conduct experiments aimed SYSTEMS at demonstration of advanced technologies which are likely to be J. W. Bagwell 216-433-6196 representative of second generation land mobile satellite systems The objective is to perform supporting research and technol- (LMSS). These technologies include network management and ogy development in the area of space related RF components multiple-access techniques, mobile radios, and mobile antennas. including power amplifiers (tube and solid state), low noise The activities leading to development of various technologies and receivers, and other components. Initial efforts center on those the subsequent experiments are, for the most part, undertaken components identified as needed in the 30/20 GHz band in support under the umbrella of RTOP 650-60-15. This RTOP which is closely of the Advanced Commumications Technology Satellite (ACTS) coordinated with RTOP 650-60-15, will outline the mobile terminal experimental program. Future efforts will focus on further improving development. The mobile terminals will be modular so as to offer TWT performance in areas such as diamond support rods, flexibility of component upgrade as various technologies evolve linearization techniques, and tunneladder construction, and on and become available. The units will be adaptable modular radios assessing the reliability and improving the performance of solid composed of plug-in modular components and a core module state devices. By means of principally a contractual program, which will provide the common support circuits such as control analysis and synthesis techniques for the above space program logic, transmitter and receiver RF sections, and frequency components will be developed; the developed techniques will be synthesizer. The core module provides the common functions of applied to determine the basic characteristics of components a mobile transceiver while the other modules are plugged in to meeting specified requirements; experimental components will be the core module to provide the functions necessary for a complete fabricated; and fabricated components will be tested and evaluated.

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W85-70476 650-60-23 from LANDSAT 4 TM data; and (3) test the developed techniques Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. in an operational setting in cooperation with International Harvester COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY FOR TRANSPONDER DE- Company. During Phase 1 a multitemporal classification of VELOPMENT LANDSAT MSS data (February; July; September 1981 growing J. W. Bagwell 216-433-6196 season) was produced in Poinsett County, Arkansas. These results (650-60-12; 650-60-22; 650-60-21) were compared with those from the detailed work done over the The objectives are to design and develop a laboratory test Powers Slough/Otwell quadrangle test site to determine the facility to be used to test communication system components and effect of differences in areal extent on classification accuracy. subsystems; to provide laboratory simulations of TDMA multibeam Also several variations of unsupervised classifications were satellite communications systems; and to further develop prototype performed to determine if areas showing double cropping practices ground terminal systems for use with advanced communication could be discriminated. The pixel-by-pixel analysis proved most satellites. A 30 GHz uplink, frequency translator and 20 GHz effective in identifying double cropped acreage from a multitemporal downlink communications system, including transmitting and data set. Phase 2 dealt with reducing the amount of TM data recycling ground terminals, and satellite segment will be desi- analyzed over an area and still maintain classification and object gned, developed, and tested. Continuous bit stream rates of accuracy. These points were specifically requested by IH in view nominally 27.5 MBPS and 220 MBPS will be used to modulate of any operational plans they might have for analyzing large the links. End to end calculations will be made. Software simulation volumes of data. The third phase requires an operational test of results will be compared with the hardware simulation results. Upon techniques in close cooperation with IH market analysts. Project completion, network control methods will be added and bursty results will be disseminated to the agricultural business community data transmissions will be tested and evaluated in both hardware through a workshop mechanism. and software. Finally, the baseband processor and IF switch matrix and several simulated stations will be integrated. W85-70480 667-60-18 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. W85-70477 650-60-26 TIMBER RESOURCE INVENTORY AND MONITORING Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. C. L. Hill 601-688-2047 ADVANCED STUDIES The objective is to test the ability of the Thematic Mapper to J. R. Ramler 216-433-4000 provide information regarding the current condition of the forest (650-60-20; 650-60-21; 650-60-22; 650-60-23; 643-10-02; 643-10- land base. This information (provided manually in the past) is used 20) to develop forest management strategy to maximize raw material The objectives are to: (1) define the nation's current and future production, minimize production cost, and increase the present satellite telecommunications needs; (2) define advanced oper- net worth of the forest land base. The approach will be to: ational satellite system concepts and configurations to meet those (1) determine species composition, density strata, and age strata needs while improving satellite capacity and frequency/orbit for each forest stand (an indication of Gross Merchantable Volume); utilization; (3) define enabling technologies for such systems and (2) discriminate various silvicultural activities (i.e., site appropriate for advanced development by NASA; and (4) define preparation, planting, thinning, harvest, and prescribed burning). and develop advocacy for suitable advanced communications Assessments of silvicultural activities provides an indication of technology development programs to be undertaken by NASA. management intention, final product, future harvest trends, and The approach is to conduct in-house and contracted studies to availability of wood fiber. assess needs; determine system requirements; and define future satellite services and systems (both space and ground segments) requiring advanced communications technology. The output from Earth Resources Technology Satellite-D these studies will be used to plan and guide future communications (Landsat-D) technology development.

W85-70481 668-37-99 Information Systems Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. LONG TERM APPLICATIONS RESEARCH E. H. Bauer 415-965-5898 W85-70478 656-42-01 (677-63-00) Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. The purpose of this research is to determine the technical SPACE PHYSICS ANALYSIS NETWORK (SPAN) viability of engineering remote sensors and remote sensing J. L. Green 205-453-0028 techniques in a range of environmentally and ecologically different (442-20-01 ) regions and to relate research where possible to major earth The objective of this research is to develop the Space Physics science issues. The approach is to use previously established Analysis Network or SPAN that would link together a large number test sites, data bases, and/or cooperative relationships so as to of NASA space scientists for the purpose of correlative scientific focus applied research in areas that benefit both the NASA and research. SPAN will become a test bed for the design of data the cooperator's interest toward long term applications. NASA's systems for the future and will develop techniques necessary for emphasis will be in those areas that complement science objectives correlative analysis of scientific data using computer networks. in hydrology, terrestrial ecosystems and remote sensing. Specific ecosystems for study include the arctic sub-arctic biomes in Alaska and the Idaho shrub-steppe. Thematic Mapper Development Climate Research W85-70479 667-60-16 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. CROP MENSURATION AND MAPPING JOINT RESEARCH W85-70482 672-21-99 PROJECT Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. D. P. Brannon 601-688-2043 AEROSOL AND GAS MEASUREMENTS ADDRESSING (677-60-17) AEROSOL CLIMATIC EFFECTS This RTOP will (1) develop a detailed LANDSAT MSS test P. Russell 415-965-5404 base with which TM results can be compared; (2) develop and The objective of this RTOP is to advance understanding of test data analysis techniques for deriving agricultural information aerosol effects on climate. Focus is especially on the effects of

76 OFFICEOF SPACESCIENCEAND APPLICATIONS

major volcanic eruptions and major tropospheric hazes such as Stratospheric Air Quality the Arctic haze. The approach is to collect, analyze, interpret, and publish data on the aerosol particles and precursor bases that constitute or form the hazes of, interest and to use U-2, W85-70486 673-41 - 12 ER-2, and the CV-990 as platforms to access the subject aerosols. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. STRATOSPHERIC CIRCULATION FROM REMOTELY SENSED TEMPERATURES L. S. Elson 213-354-4223 W85-70483 672-31-99 The objective of the research is to develop an improved Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. quantitative understanding of the large scale circulation of the AEROSOL FORMATION MODELS lower stratosphere in the 15 to 30 km region. Included in the O. B. Toon 415-965-5971 topics addressed are both free and forced waves along with the (672-32-99) zonally averaged component of the circulation. The approach is The objective is to simulate the ambient stratospheric aerosol to examine traditional scaling approximations which have been layer and the El Chichon volcanic cloud. The simulations will be applied to the stratosphere. Such approximations have been based compared with observations and will be used to create input data mainly on tropospheric applications and are not always appropriate sets for climate models. The models will be utilized to test data for stratospheric problems. When an approximation is found to be sets for internal consistency and to better determine the physics inappropriate, an alternative approach is developed. The technique and chemistry of the stratosphere. A two dimensional model of employed maximizes the use of high quality satellite data which stratospheric aerosols has been developed and is reasonably provides both global coverage and good vertical resolution. For successful in duplicating the observations. The major problem with these applications, limb observations (LIMS, LRIR) have been found two dimensional models is obtaining realistic transport. A multi- to be superior to other data sets. By inferring the circulation from dimensional model will be used to replace the 2-D model. This the observations, the results are less dependent on modeling will allow both 2-D and 3-D simulations. The 3-D simulations will assumptions. The use of data also allows the selection of dominant be done using observed winds and winds from a dynamical model. processes from among competing theoretical models. Extensive data comparison and sensitivity tests will be done with this multidimensional model. The model will be used to simulate W85-70487 673-41-13 larger volcanic eruptions of the past. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. SATELLITE DATA INTERPRETATION, N20 AND NO TRANS- PORT S. S. Prasad 818-354-6423 W85-70484 672-32-99 Satellite observations of minor and trace chemical species Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and of precipitating electrons and protons are being analyzed to CLIMATE MODELING WITH EMPHASIS ON AEROSOLS AND elucidate chemistry and transport of nitrous and nitric oxide. CLOUDS Satellite measurements of minor and trace stratospheric species J. B. Pollack 415-965-5530 03, NeO, CH4, NO2, HNO3 are converted into seasonal zonal (672-31-99) averages of the mixing ratios. Measurements of key species such A coordinated set of theoretical, laboratory, and field investiga- as 03, N20, and CH4 are then inserted in various combinations tions will be conducted to study the chemical and radiative into theoretical one- and two-dimensional kinetic and transport properties of clouds and natural (e.g., volcanic) and man-made models. Predicted latitudinal vertical distributions of the remaining atmospheric aerosol particles in order to assess their inpact on species are then compared with observations to determine regional and global climate. The field investigations are intended significant features of stratospheric chemistry and transport with to provide information on aerosols complementary to that being particular emphasis on those of nitrous and nitric oxides. obtained from spacecraft platforms (e.g., SAM II and SME) so as to insure a comprehensive set of properties for climatic analyses. W85-70488 673-61-02 The theoretical and laboratory tasks are directed at interpreting Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. and utilizing the aerosol data sets to perform the desired climatic MESOSPHERIC-STRATOSPHERIC WAVES assessments. The centerpiece of the field investigations is a set R. W. Zurek 818-354-3725 of coordinated aerosol experiments which are flown together on The observed cold summer pole and warm polar night in the an appropriate aircraft platform (e.g., NASA U-2 and CV-990). Both upper mesosphere are thought to be due to the adiabatic cooling theoretical modeling and laboratory studies are used to define the and heating associated with a cross-equatorial zonally symmetric mechanisms of aerosol and cloud formation, to provide hypotheses circulation, which is itself driven by the momentum flux-divergences that can be tested by the field investigations, and to provide associated with vertically propagating waves. Recent work has ultimately predictive tools. Theoretical investigations involving shown that the flux-divergence of zonal momentum due to radiative transfer, dynamics, and formation are utilized for making atmospheric tides may be marginally important compared to the the climatic assessments. longitudinally averaged zonal momentum balance of the meso- sphere. Calculations of the tidal flux divergences indicate that the tidal contribution to the longitudinally averaged meridional momen- tum balance may be the more significant term, particularly at low W85-70485 672-50-99 latitudes. Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ARC MULTI-PROGRAM SUPPORT FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH W85-70489 673-61-07 A. Margozzi 415-965-5517 Goddard Inst. for Space Studies, New York. (672-21-99; 672-31-99; 672-32-99) CLIMATOLOGICAL STRATOSPHERIC MODELING The objective is to consolidate ARC Multi-program Support David Rind 212-678-5593 (IMS) costs for the Ames 672-UPN so that charges need not be The objectives of this RTOP are to understand the impact of made against individual RTOPs in the UPN. The 672-UPN supports potential climate perturbations on the stratosphere, to assess the the study of atmospheric aerosols through observational and effect of any alternations in stratospheric dynamics on the impact theoretical tasks. These include assessments of the impact of of anthropogenic release on stratospheric ozone, and to understand stratospheric aerosols on climate, understanding the role aerosols the relationship between 1D, 2D and 3D transports. The approach play in chemistry of the stratosphere, evaluating the aerosol is to employ 3-D studies using a climate/middle atmosphere model components of pollution, and determining their composition and and 1D/2D photochemical models in cooperation with McEIroy mode of formation. (Harvard University).

77 OFFICEOFSPACESCIENCEANDAPPLICATIONS

W85-70490 673-61-99 minimum impact on Shuttle systems or operations. The payload Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. instrument would be encased in a conducting shell, and free floated STRATOSPHERIC DYNAMICS in the Shuttle bay. Contact with any structure would be prevented R. E. Young 415-965-5515 by eddy current forcing coils. Previous studies under the former The objectives of this research are to increase our under- RTOP have shown that normal Shuttle disturbances including air standing of the dynamics, thermodynamics, and composition of drag, rotation, and crew motion can all be accommodated. the Earth's stratosphere, and to investigate the mechanisms by which trace species are exchanged between troposphere and W85-70494 676-59-10 stratosphere. The approach will involve a combination of theoretical Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. and observational studies. Global and mesoscale circulation models GEOPOTENTIAL RESEARCH MISSION (GRM) STUDIES will investigate transport and exchange processes. Satellite data T. Keating 301-344-8817 analysis will be used to characterize wave and transport pheno- (676-40-01 ) mena in the stratosphere. Meteorological and diagnostic analysis The objectives are to: (1) conduct system studies of the will be conducted in support of aircraft measurement programs, Geopotential Research Mission (GRM) and prepare a Phase B such as the Troposphere-Stratosphere Exchange experiment. proposal; (2) support the science working group; (3) conduct magnetic simulation; and (4) conduct surface momentum accom- modation coefficient measurement. System studies will determine Geopotential Research Program the complex relationship of the Doppler tracking, the DISCO, the propulsion, and the on-board computer-controlled, drag-free flight profile. Magnetic simulations will be performed to illustrate W85-70491 676-20-01 mission capability. The science steering group will participate in a Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. GRM science conference to present the results of three years of GEOPOTENTIAL FIELDS (MAGNETIC) research. The surface momentum accommodation measurements R. A. Langel 301-344-6565 will be measured in a neutral beam vacuum chamber. The major objectives of this RTOP are to develop more accurate and reliable models of the Earth's main magnetic field W85-70495 676-59-33 and its temporal variation and to study the physical processes in Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. the core which are responsible for generation of that field. The SUPERCONDUCTING GRAVITY GRADIOMETER approach includes both collection of all suitable data types and of C. R. Baugher 205-453-2701 the development of new analytic techniques. New observatory and The objective of this RTOP is to develop a full vector, repeat data are continually being added to our data set as they three-axis superconducting gravity gradiometer for space flight become available. Planned extension of models to epochs prior applications. The instrument will be designed to have, as a minimum to those already analyzed (1960) will require acquisition and quality requirement, a measurement sensitivity of 0.01 ETVOS units in an verification of additional data. Marine and aeromagnetic data are orbital environment and exhibit a measurement time constant not yet extensively used. These are easily acquired but are of consistent with the current requirements of geodynamics research uneven, and often unknown quality and so require extensive into the mass distribution of the terrestrial lithosphere. The final reduction before utilization. New techniques are under development functioning sensor unit will be constructed and tested in a both for the representation of secular variation and for the main manner consistent with a proto-flight approach to a possible field itself. These include utilization of periodic terms and/or partial scientific shuttle flight. fractions for secular variation and of spline functions for both the main field and for secular variation. Methods of making error W85-70496 676-59-55 estimates are under review to attempt more realistic error bounds Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. on both model coefficients and on the computed fields. GRAVITY GRADIOMETER PROGRAM W. D. Kahn 301-344-5462 W85-70492 676-30-01 The objective is to conduct studies of a spaceborne gravity Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. gradiometer system for Earth and planetary mapping of the gravity GEODYN PROGRAM field. These studies will furthermore be used to prepare the Barbara H. Putney 301-344-6018 foundation for an advanced Geopotential Resources Mission-B The major objectives of this RTOP are: (1) improvement and Mission for the latter part of the next decade. Studies will be maintenance of the geodynamics software systems; creation of a performed to assess the capability of a gravity gradiometer to state-of-the-art orbit determination and geodetic parameter recover gravity and geoid anomalies as a function of horizontal estimation system; (2) conversion and optimization of Geodyn, resolution. Computations will be performed for typical land and Solve, and Erodyn software to the Cyber 205 computer; (3) creation sea surface areas and for each combination of assumed values of aids for the user community to make their usage of the software for the instrument and system noise levels at orbit altitude. Orbit more user-friendly and productive. The development of the software requirements and data reduction techniques for a gravity gradiome- systems to support gravitational field, polar motion, Earth rotation, ter will be developed for the gradiometer to map the fine struc- baseline determination, Earth and ocean tide models, and other ture of the Earth's gravity field. geodynamics work will continue, and their efficient conversion to the vector processor will be accomplished. The approach is to W85-70497 676-59-75 support following programs areas: (1) gravitational field determina- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. tion; (2) development of models of the Earth's interior structure; ADVANCED MAGNETOMETER (3) development of lithospheric models; (4) demonstration of the E. J. Smith 818-354-2248 ocean geoid for oceanography; (5) use of gravity data for resource The objective of this RTOP is to evaluate the helium magnetom- assessment; and (6) GRM and TOPEX missions. eter in various modes of operation, specifically the scalar field mode, and determine its suitability for use on future missions. W85-70493 679-30-05 The evaluation is to be directed to near term flight opportunities Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. such as the Geopotential Research Mission, the Mars Geoscience SEMI DRAG FREE GRADIOMETRY Climatology Orbiter, the tethered satellite, possible programs on D. Sonnabend 818-354-7593 future shuttle flights (including those that involve high inclination The objective of this work is to begin development of a orbits) and such other opportunities as arise. A magnetometer technique for operating sensitive instruments, primarily gravity which can be operated in either the scalar or vector mode, possibly gradiometers, aboard the vehicle (Shuttle). The technique provides by cycling between the two modes will be developed. A H3(3) intermittent drag free operation of the payload instrument, with nuclear free precession magnetometer will be tested and devel-

78 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

oped. A design and evaluation team has been formed consisting sites are the Jornada LTER site in south-central New Mexico and of scientists and engineers from the Magnetic Fields Group assisted the Central Plains LTER site in north-central Colorado. Patterns by two consultants: an expert on helium magnetometers and an of seasonal and yearly variation in albedo and green vegetation expert on alkali magnetometers. Other Laboratory personnel will indexes will be determined for the Jornada site by analysis of be involved as needed, e.g., to assist in thermal and mechanical co-registered retrospective MSS data. Patterns of spatial variation design, analysis and test. in vegetation type, soil type, and other ecosystem attributes will be determined for the Jornada site by multispectral classification of TMS or TM data, followed by field observations to determine Resource Observation Applied Research the ecosystem attributes for each spectral class. Patterns of spatial and Data Analysis variation in surface temperature will be analyzed for their re- lationship to field-measured vegetation and soil parameters (Jornada site) or to remotely sensed reflectance data (Central Plains site). W85-70498 677-25-99 Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. W85-70501 677-27-01 TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS/BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING David L. Peterson 415-965-5232 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. ECOLOGICALLY-ORIENTED STRATIFICATION SCHEME (199-30-32) S. A. Sader 601-688-3830 The objectives are to understand the scene radiance variation (677-27-02; 677-27-03; 677-27-04) of broad band satellites attributable to forest speciesstructural The objective of this task is to develop ecologically-oriented properties such as leaf area index; relate these properties to methods of stratifying forest landscapes which will form the basis functional variables; primary productivity and biogenic emission of for the design of a tropical forest inventory and monitoring system nitrogenous compounds; explain the variation in organic chemistry of forest canopies, within and between ecosystems; to derive total utilizing remotely sensed data in a geographic data base. The four subtasks to be addressed are as follows: (1) determine the canopy nitrogen, phosphorus and lignin content through high spectral resolution spectroscopy; and simulate the biogeochemi- relationship between forest change and ecological factors; (2) revise a forest cover classification scheme within an ecological cal cycling dynamics of forested ecosystems through canopy-driven mechanistic modeling and data synthesis. Partial correlation framework; (3) determine if ecological units could serve as strata for forest (biomass and carbon) inventory; and (4) determine the analysis of TM and AVHRR data against ground-based allometric extent to which remotely sensed data can be used to delineate data for controlled experiments in temperate coniferous forests ecological zones. Relationships between ecological zones, bio- will be conducted. Near-infrared spectroscopy using high spectral physical data (soils and topography) and vegetation composition resolution instruments in the lab, field and remotely, concurrent and structure will be analyzed using the Costa Rica and Puerto with wet chemical analysis will be conducted to determine the Rico data sets. The research in Puerto Rico will be coordinated organic chemistry and estimate total nitrogen, phosphorus, and with the U.S. Forest Service, Mississippi State University, University lignin content of canopies. Extant biological and environmental of Puerto Rico, and the Commonwealth Department of Natural data for a canopy-driven model simulating water and nutrient Resources. In Costa Rica, the institutional affiliations are the controls of carbon photosynthesis with environment driving forces Organization for Tropical Studies, Tropical Science Center, and will be synthesized. the National Mapping Institute. W85-70499 677-26-01 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. W85-70502 677-27-02 SOIL DELINEATION National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. Ramona Pelletier 601-688-3830 MULTISTAGE INVENTORY/SAMPLING DESIGN The objective of this research is to develop remote sensing S. A. Sader 601-688-3830 techniques capable of delineating soils and soil properties in a (677-27-01; 677-27-03; 677-27-04) manner that would serve to expedite the preparation of soil surveys. The objective of this task is to develop a forest inventory and This will be accomplished by: (1) conducting laboratory spectro- monitoring system utilizing multistage remotely sensed data. The radiometer measurements of selected benchmark soils represen- approach will include the use of a digital data base. A sampling ting a broad cross section of U.S. soils from test sites around the frame will be developed from ecological forest strata. Sample country exhibiting a variety of soil and climatic conditions; selection will be based upon probability proportional to prediction (2) conducting field spectroradiometer measurements or selected or variable probability, thus providing a quantifiable inventory soils from above and comparing with the laboratory data; and approach for regional or global estimation of deforestation rates, (3) acquiring remotely sensed aircraft or spacecraft data for the biomass, carbon flux, and other ecological processes. Synthetic soils as above and comparing with the field radiometric measure- Aperture Radar (SAR) and Laser profiler data will be analyzed to ments. Soil parameters and site characteristics of importance in determine if these two types of data can be associated with forest soil map unit delineation which can be correlated with intrinsic structure parameters (canopy height, form, and density). The soil spectral properties will be identified. Those field dependent feasibility of including AVHRR, MSS, TM, SAR, and/or Laser factors such as surface roughness, crusting, moisture, plant residue, Profiler data as stages (information levels) in a multistage design, and partial vegetative cover will be studied as to the degree in will be investigated. The design of an inventory approach will be which they alter the innate spectral response of surface soils. coordinated with the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Forest Homogeneous spectral classes resulting from processing various Experiment Station (Inventory Unit - Starkville, MS and the Institute combinations of visible reflective IR and emissive IR bands will of Tropical Forestry, Puerto Rico). Study sites are located in be compared with digitized soil map data. Mississippi, Louisiana, Puerto Rico, and Costa Rica.

W85-70500 677-26-02 W85-70503 677-27-03 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. SHORTGRASS STEPPE - LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL RE- FIELD WORK - TROPICAL FOREST DYNAMICS SEARCH Steven A. Sader 601-688-3830 H. B. Musick 601-688-3830 (677-27-01; 677-27-02; 677-27-04) The objective of this investigation is to determine the patterns The field work to be supported by this RTOP will be necessary of temporal and spatial variation in ecosystem attributes in to verify and link remotely sensed estimates with ground truth Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites in arid and semiarid measurements acquired by conventional ground inventory/sampling vegetation. Special attention will be given to the influence of site methods. The two main research areas to be supported by field characteristics on spatial variation in surface temperature. Study work are (1) to develop forest stratification methodology based

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on an ecologically oriented classification scheme, and (2) to design assemblages of volcanic, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock units. a tropical forest inventory and monitoring system utilizing remotely We will compare spectral boundaries identified in TIMS imagery sensed data. The approach will include field work conducted in with stratigraphic/lithologic boundaries displayed on conventional the Costa Rica and Puerto Rico study areas. Specific tasks to be geological maps, and relate observed similarities and differences supported by field verification and sampling include: detailed life to the physical and chemical properties of in situ surface materials, zone mapping (Costa Rica only); collection of remote sensing and to the provenance and weathering history of surficial geological ground truth; forest canopy height/profile measurements; develop- deposits. We will conduct laboratory and field studies on the ment of non-destructive forest biomass estimation techniques; emission properties of natural geological materials to support the evaluation of forest clearing detection techniques; verification of analysis and interpretation of TIMS data, and compile a collection ecological relationships; and the study of tree dendrometry in of laboratory and field emission spectra and associated documenta- context of biomass sampling and forest canopy porosity. tion concerning sample characteristics in a form that is readily accessible to other investigators. We will solicit the participation W85-70504 677-27-04 of academic investigators in the analysis of TIMS imagery, and National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. we will organize a workshop on the results of recent TIMS data AIRCRAFT SUPPORT - TROPICAL FOREST DYNAMICS analysis activities to be held at NSTL during the 2nd quarter of Steven A. Sader 601-688-3830 FY-1985. We will document the measurement capabilities and (677-27-01; 677-27-02; 677-27-03) operating characteristics of the TIMS and the PFES. The objective of this task is to acquire aircraft SAR and Laser profiler data over domestic and tropical study areas to determine W85-70507 677-41-07 if these two types of data can be correlated with forest structure Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. parameters (canopy height, form, density) that cannot be col- ROCK WEATHERING IN ARID ENVIRONMENTS lectively discerned from sensors that operate in other spectral A. R. Gillespie 213-354-6927 wavelengths. Correlation of microwave data with forest parame- (677-41-03; 677-41-25; 677-41-09; 677-41-27; 677-46-02) ters would be valuable especially in perpetually cloud-shrouded The objective of this program is to determine the different tropical regions that can rarely be imaged, if at all, with other rates of chemical and mechanical processes that contribute to sensors. The approach will utilize laser profiler data that has been the weathering of rocks in arid environments. Remote sensing demonstrated to accurately measure ground and canopy profile, methods appropriate to the measurement of weathering products and which provides information about tree or canopy height that are being evaluated as new techniques to aid in relative dating is a key measurement in the estimation of biomass or timber and age ranking of geologic deposits and in geologic mapping of volume. Correlations of SAR and Laser data with forest structure lavas and weathered deposits commonly found in arid regions. parameters and biomass will be investigated as possible compo- These methods utilize image data spanning the spectrum from nents of a tropical forest inventory design. Study sites are located 0.4 micron to, 25 cm, in the visible-reflective infrared, thermal in Mississippi, Louisiana, Puerto Rico, and Costa Rica. infrared, and radar regions. We are applying these methods to a wide variety of arid test sites to determine whether the chemical W85-70505 677-27-20 alteration of rock surfaces and the mechanical breakdown of rock National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. particles proceeds in a consistent fashion in areas of similar STUDY OF THE DENSITY, COMPOSITION, AND STRUCTURE lithology and climate. The work proposed in this RTOP involves OF FOREST CANOPIES USING C-BAND SCATTEROMETER collaboration of researchers from JPL and the University of S. T. Wu 601-688-3833 Washington. In our approach we are studying lava flows and coarse As a part of the coordinated, four-year plan of research for clastic deposits such as alluvial fans, glacial moraines, and river integrated optical and microwave vegetation studies, the objective terraces, all of which are typical for arid regions of the western is to conduct field research, utilizing a mobile C-band radar United States. Specific topics include: (1) development of soils scatterometer and a Barnes 12-1000 radiometer, to investigate and caliche; (2) changes in surface roughness characteristics and optical reflectance and microwave backscatter characteristics clast size distributions; (3) development of surface stains and associated with forest biophysical parameters and different levels coatings of Fe and Mn oxides, clays, and silica gels; and of above ground biomass. This RTOP addresses the following (4) destruction of glassy rinds on pahoehoe and the development basic research issues: (1) can the increased vegetation canopy of duricrusts on granitic rocks and sandstone. Vegetation cha- penetration expected from C-band radar scatterometer data be of nges accompanying weathering are being studied under related value in assessing biophysical parameters such as leaf area index RTOP 677-41-09. A major effort is to improve chronologic data, and phytomass for a wide range of net productivity values; (2) can in order to better identify weathering rates. Chemical and mechani- the sensitivity of C-band, dual polarized radar scatterometer data cal changes accompanying weathering which are detectable to vegetation canopy structure aid in separation of similar canopy remotely are being studied by conventional geochemical and types e.g., deciduous and coniferous forests); (3) will increased petrographic means. Relative ages of studied geologic units are canopy penetration result in confusion due to variations in being determined by conventional and innovative methods. Study understory litter-ground surface; and (4) how can multidate radar areas have been established in California, Nevada, Idaho, Oregon, data be used with multidate optical data to form the basis for and Hawaii. extraction of growth-related features useful for robust vegetation identification and canopy condition assessment. W85-70508 677-41-13 National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. W85-70506 677-41-03 GEOLOGICAL REMOTE SENSING IN MOUNTAINOUS TER- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. RAIN TIMS DATA ANALYSIS D. L. Rickman 601-688-3833 A. B. Kahle 213-354-7265 The objective of this work is to determine the utility of integrated The objectives of the RTOP are: (1) to evaluate the geologic Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) and Thermal Infrared Multispec- utility of multispectral thermal infrared surveys employing the tral Scanner (TIMS) data to quantitatively discriminate and map recently upgraded thermal infrared multispectral scanner (TIMS); several basic geologic phenomena, including the estimation of silica (2) to determine the suite of rock types that can be effectively content, and the identification and distribution of igneous lithologic discriminated on the basis of TIMS measurements alone or in units. Certain epigenetic changes in mineralogy will be examined combination with other types of remotely sensed data; and (3) to as needed to resolve and avoid confusion in the work on the determine the physical basis for rock type discrimination capabilities prime objectives. A complicating factor will be to accomplish the achieved by the TIMS based on spectral emissivity, thermal inertia, analysis for data from a mountainous area. The general approach surface conditions, and insolation history. We will acquire TIMS was to acquire TMS and TIMS data over the Pyramid Mtns. south data over a variety of geologic terrains containing diverse of Lordsburg, N.M. The data have been geometrically corrected

80 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS to a common base, and integrated with digital elevation data. may be revealed. Test areas are in the Josephine Ophiolite (N. FY-84 field work includes sampling the rock soil, and estimating California), Bay of Islands Ophiolite (Newfoundland), Trinity land cover variables, i.e., vegetation by species, density, percent Peridotite (N. California) and the Sierra Nevada (California). In live and dead, and the percent of soil. Field samples will be each of these areas, image data has been acquired or will have analyzed for 10 elements by X-Ray spectroscopy in a cooperative been acquired by Sept.-84, under existing RTOPs. During FY-85 effort with the Univ. of Missouri/Rolla. In FY-85, field spectrometer this project will consist of the following tasks: (1) completion of data will be acquired in the visible and near infrared with a GER the geobotanical mapping project now being conducted by Univ. spectrometer and in the mid-IR with a Beckman spectrophotometer, of Washington researchers; (2) preliminary evaluation of the utility model 4210. Thin sections of the rocks will also be made to of multispectral images for mapping ultramafic rocks; and estimate the percentages of the major minerals and glass. Together (3) organization of a scientific workshop to identify ways in which with the remote sensing imagery, these data will be used to test remote sensing can be used to address major research issues the ability of the TIMS data to estimate the SiO2 content of silicate involving ophiolites. The results of tasks 2 and 3 could form the rocks. A second task will be the analysis of the enhanced basis of a broader research project in subsequent fiscal years. TMS/TIMS integrated imagery to qualitatively discriminate the This may be the subject of a JPL proposal for FY-86. lithologic units and areas of epigenetic change. Emphasis will be on techniques, specifically on canonical analysis, that produce W85-70511 677-42-04 images for interpretative analysis. National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. GEOBOTANICAL MAPPING IN METAMORPHIC TERRAIN W85-70509 677-41-24 W. G. Cibula 601-688-3833 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. The purpose of this RTOP is to develop and evaluate practical MULTISPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS techniques for using the Thematic Mapper (Initially through H. R. Lang 213-354-3440 simulation) for geobotanical mapping. The emphasis is on ore The primary objectives are to evaluate the combined utility of bearing terrains in area which are moderately to heavily vegetated. remote sensing surveys conducted at visible, infrared, and The approach will include using geobotanical methods involving microwave wavelengths for mapping subtle chemical and physical the use of surface vegetation to help identify the nature and variations in strata; to define the stratigraphic sequence and properties of the substrate. The two aspects that are believed to modeling facies; to delineate geologic structures and infer tectonic be identified by remote sensing means are: differences in plant regimes at both local and regional scales in the Wind River/Bighorn community structure, and the effects of mineral stress in the plant Basin area; to compare the types of lithologic and structural community. Data processing will include the development of information that can be extracted from remotely sensed data with spectral pattern recognition outputs, since pattern recognition is that obtained with conventional field mapping, borehole, and effective in emphasizing minute detail in spectral data and therefore geophysical techniques; and to develop strategy for integration of is capable of finding subtle geobotanical relationships. Field geological, remote sensing, geophysical, and borehole data for verification of results is central to the project. Concurrently, basin modeling. The general approach is to perform the following geological data from other sources, e.g., geologic quad sheets as a three year collaborative effort by participants from Geology, which are available for the site, will be obtained and compared to Radar Remote Sensing, and Cartographic Application Groups at the spectral data map products. Additionally, quadrants of JPL and the University of Hawaii: (1) select a sedimentary basin floristically uniform forest associations will be chosen within each for study; (2) acquire, compile, and coregister remote sensing major geologic unit. These sites will be used as study areas to surveys conducted by orbital and airborne systems; (3) determine arrive at a better understanding of the relationship between differing extended spectral signatures of sedimentary rock units at visible, geological units and differing structural and floristic compositions infrared, and microwave wavelengths; and (4) correlate these of the forests which occur on these units. signatures with physical and compositional attributes of individual strata in their natural state of exposure and in their unweathered W85-70512 677-42-09 state. Laboratory and field studies will be performed in support of Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. the analyses. In FY-85, a workshop will be organized to include ARID LANDS GEOBOTANY individuals with expertise in basin analysis and modeling, and B. N. Rock 818-354-6229 individuals with detailed knowledge of the stratigraphy and structure (677-42-08; 677-41-25) of the study area. The workshop will provide an opportunity to The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the use of identify critical gaps in current understanding of basin evolution remote sensing measurements obtained at visible, infrared (both and topical geological problems in the study area and assess reflective and emissive), and microwave wavelengths to determine utility of geological information derived from remote sensing for the multitemporal, multispectral contribution of arid land vegetation. addressing these problems Workshop results will refine the This is to be done so that a more accurate assessment of the experimental plan for subsequent fiscal years. multispectral characteristics of exposed edaphic/geologic materials may be made by removing the spectral contribution of vegetation. W85-70510 677-41-29 During FY-85 the emphasis will be on measuring, characterizing, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. and modeling the vegetation contribution of representative MULTISPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF ULTRAMAFIC TERRANES species/species associations of arid land vegetation. The general M. J. Abrams 213-354-6927 approach will be to perform the following in conjunction with (677-41-03; 677-41-25) selected universities and other government agencies: (1) continue The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of visible, study of in situ botanical and geological conditions for test sites near-infrared and thermal infrared images and field measurements previously selected as representative of both Mojavean and Great for lithologic discrimination and geologic mapping of ultramafic Basin desert vegetation communities; (2) determine the botanical rocks. A central goal is to determine the potential contribution of and geological conditions for new test sites representative of the multispectral remote sensing techniques to the study of ophiolites Sonoran and Chihuahuan desert vegetation communities; (3) on a global basis. Ophiolites are characteristic assemblages of acquire and co-register visible infrared, and microwave remote mafic and ultramafic rocks that are generally interpreted to be sensing data from these areas, (4) conduct in situ field and ancient sections of the Earth's oceanic crust that are exposed at laboratory spectral measurements of both typical vegetation types the margins of continental areas as the result of tectonic processes. and edaphic/geologic ba_.kground materials at visible, infrared, and An important contribution would be the ability to reliably distinguish microwave wavelengths; (5) conduct theoretical studies of the between ophiolites and other bodies of ultramafic rocks, such as reflectance, emissive and backscatter properties of vegetated and alpine-type periodotites, that have different geologic significance. unvegetated surfaces in support of mathematical model develop- We will also study the association of vegetation species/ ment for inferring both spectral characteristics and areal density communities with rock type, to determine what geologic information of arid land vegetation types; and (6) assess the value of the

81 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

methods and models developed for estimating the vegetation W85-70515 677-47.07 contribution to an arid land mixed pixel. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. AIRCRAFT RADAR MAINTENANCE AND OPERATIONS T. W. Thompson 213-354-2654 (677-47-03) W85-70513 677-46-02 For this RTOP, JPL will maintain and operate the NASA/JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. L-band airborne synthetic aperture radar, the NASA/JPL L- and NEW TECHNIQUES FOR QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SAR C-band airborne scatterometers, and the NASA/JPL 2 to 18 GHz IMAGES truck spectrometer. These sensor systems will be used to collect D. L. Evans 213-354-2418 experimental radar data for a number of ongoing NASA/OSSA (677-41-24; 677-41-07; 677-47-08) research and development activities and the shuttle imaging radar The availability of multiple incidence angle radar data from program. A plan for use of these radar systems to satisfy Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR-B) and multiple polarization data from requirements of investigators in the NASA/OSSA Geology, Land the JPL airborne Synthetic Aperature Radar (SAR) will result in a Processes, and Ocean Processes Programs will be formulated by significant increase in the amount and type of information derivable JPL. Each airborne radar will be operated in three separate from SAR images. Surface roughness and slope variations can missions; each mission would have eight flights. These missions be mapped with images acquired with the like-polarized, multi- would be similar to the winter 1984 Synthetic Aperture Radar incidence angle SAR images that will be acquired by SlR-B. With (SAR) Expedition when NASA/Ames and JPL supported seven multiple polarization data, there will be an increased ability to CV-990 flights for six different NASA (Goddard, Johnson, and JPL) characterize surficial units from the detailed surface scattering and investigators. A joint airborne SAR/Scatterometer Expedition in dielectric constant information derivable from the multipolarized August, September, and October 1984 will be conducted by images. In addition, it may be possible to penetrate vegetation NASA/Ames to support shuttle imaging radar (SIR-B) underflights canopies with suitable polarization combinations in order to and to supply airborne radar data for ten NASA/OSSA investigators. maximize surface returns under the canopy, or conversely, returns In FY-85, JPL envisions conducting a number of expeditions to from the vegetation canopy itself. The objectives of this RTOP satisfy a number of NASA investigators who want to observe a are to develop techniques to extract the maximum amount of number of biomass targets throughout the seasons. Also, JPL in geologic information from multi-parameter radar images, and to FY-85 will operate the 2 to 18 GHz truck spectrometer in one determine the optimum radar configurations for geologic mapping field experiment. This RTOP will also support the upgrading of and analysis. This will involve analysis of both radar image texture the aircraft scatterometer by acquiring new antennas. and tone with supporting measurements from the JPL airborne scatterometer and field instruments. This proposal covers the W85-70516 677-50-52 continuation of a basic research effort at JPL involving the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. development and implementation of new techniques for analyzing MATHEMATICAL PA'n'ERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE SAR images. It represents the efforts of two researchers in the ANALYSIS Imaging Radar Geology Group, one researcher in the Radar R. P. Heydorn 713-483-4017 Systems Science and Engineering Group at JPL, and one graduate The purpose of the mathematical pattern recognition and image student at CalTech. The RTOP will be broken down into four analysis (MPRIA) project will be to conduct fundamental research specific studies involving: (1) radar backscatter modelling for in three basic areas: preprocessing, digital image representation, derivation of surface characteristics; (2) huantitative analysis of and object scene inference. The MPRIA project was begun in radar image, tone, and texture for integration into multisensor image July 1982 as part of the Fundamental Research Program in remote analysis; (3) modelling of radar penetration through vegetation sensing. The project was started in response to an AN call and canopies; and (4) measurements of polarization properties in contains approximately ten university investigations at three calibrated images. NASA centers. This project has now been placed within the RTOP program and therefore this proposal will be for a continuation of MPRIA under this RTOP. Preprocessing is concerned with the W85-70514 677-47.03 rectification of an image to a map and the registration of one Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. image to another image. Digital image representation research AIRBORNE RADAR RESEARCH includes texture, shape, mixture models, approximation by splines, W. E. Brown 213-354-2110 computer graphics, and density estimation. This research is also (677-47-07; 691-05-03) concerned with developing a representation of digital image data The objective of this RTOP is to develop the NASA-JPL aircraft that uses the properties of the image needed to make a given radar facility to meet the specific needs of the NASA remote inference. Object scene inference involves estimating a scene sensing program. This RTOP covers a three-year upgrade program property, making an inventory, or developing a map. Research for the facility which incorporates a C-Band Synthetic Aperture topics are being proposed in classification, expert systems, Radar (SAR) and additional on-board digital data handling capability empirical Bayes and regression. to make the facility compatible with research and development needs in preparation for shuttle reflights such as the proposed W85-70517 677-53-01 Shuttle Imaging Radar-C program and for data utilization from National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. free-flyers such as the ERS-1 satellite, both of which contain THERMAL IR REMOTE SENSING DATA ANALYSIS FOR LAND C-Band SAR imagers. The C-Band radar (5275 MHz) incorporates COVER TYPES the L-band exciter used to generate the chirp function, the basic J. E. Anderson 601-688-3833 logic for generating the pulse repetition frequency, and the various Recent technology advancements permitted the construction logic functions for sampling and storing the digital data. All of fairly narrowband (approximately 0.5 microns) scanning radiome- procurements were completed in FY-84 and the fabrication will ters which are capable of resolving pixel to pixel variations in be nearly completed. In FY-85 the laboratory tests, the antenna temperatures in the vicinity of 0.2 to 0.3 C, (for the 8 to 12 micron patterns and the initial flight engineering tests will be completed. region of the electromagnetic spectrum). Research work conducted Other work completed in FY-84 includes the digital signal level in the past has been restricted primarily to the use of single monitor, the procurement and installation of a single dual polarized broadband radiometers, and thus results of such research were antenna, and modifications to the receiver to reduce the Tactical compromised to a degree. Using narrowband, multichannel sensor Air Navigation System interference level in the 1215 to 1235 MHz technology, this study will conduct an investigation into the basic band. In FY-85, other work to be accomplished includes the factors associated with generalized land covers that influence IR development and test of an 8-bit analog to Digital Converter and emissivity and temperature, so that a fundamental understanding improve the performance of the digital tape recorder. of the potential use of such data can be achieved. A physical

82 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

model has been designed to estimate the absolute radiometric a basis of support to related proposals for global vegetation temperatures of vegetated targets, without the need for ground mapping/inventory. truth. This model (presently in advanced testing) takes advantage of the grey body nature of vegetation in the thermal IR, and is W85-70520 677-63-99 based on the use of data collected by the ERL Thermal IR Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Multispectral Scanner. After compensation has been made for LONG TERM APPLICATIONS JOINT RESEARCH IN REMOTE atmospheric perturbations using LOWTRAN-6 (an atmospheric SENSING model developed by the USAF Geophysics Laboratory), the TIMS E. H. Bauer 415-965-5898 channel ratioing technique is used with iterative convergent analysis (668-37-10; 668-37-11) to estimate the absolute temperatures of green vegetation. The overall objectives are to identify and map land features which impact on the site selection of utility transmission line W85-70518 677-60-17 corridors and waste disposal facilities. Techniques developed will National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. emphasize use of unique TM dynamic range, spectral, radiometric, CROP CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING JOINT and spatial characteristics. These tasks are cooperative with private RESEARCH PROJECT industry (Pacific Gas and Electric and Woodware and Clyde Gary J. Irish 601-688-1907 Consultants, respectively). The transmission line corridor analysis (677-60-16) and siting task centers upon development of a field segmentation The primary objective is to examine the capability of LANDSAT and classification algorithm. The algorithm will optimize mapping Thematic Mapper data to produce agricultural information of of land use and intrastructure features affecting corridor siting. specific interest to the agricultural chemicals industry. Monsanto The waste disposal site selection task involves use of optimum Agricultural Products Company has been selected as the industrial wave band combination, regression, classification, and edge pattern representative for the project. Meetings between Monsanto and recognition techniques to separate water, semi-arid land, and NSTL/ERL produced the following objectives: (1) Examine the geologic features. Both TM and TM simulator (TMS) data will be capability of Thematic Mapper Data to identify cropping patterns used in both tasks. which can be used in a multi-year data base in conjunction with digitized soils data. (2) Examine the capability of Thematic Mapper W85-70521 677-64-01 Data to delineate crop and field conditions of interest to the National Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. agricultural chemicals industry. Specific objectives are to: examine WETLANDS PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY MODELING the effects of weed infestation on the TM sensor response values D. D. Dow 601-688-3833 from crops and develop techniques to detect weed infestations; As part of the ongoing joint research between NASA/National and to examine the effects of crop residue on harvest/post-harvest Space Technology Laboratories/Earth Resources Laboratory and fields and develop techniques to predict residue cover levels. This NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service/Southeast Fisheries joint research project will be conducted in three phases. Phase 1 Center, the NASA objective of the Wetlands Productive Capacity will be a technique development phase in which the objectives Modeling Proj(_ct is to further develop remote sensing tools, are addressed by ERL staff members. Phase 2 will be coopera- utilizing the Thematic Mapper (TM), to estimate annual marsh tive Monsanto/ERL operational test of the results and techniques vegetation production and to quantify the spatial and hydrologic developed in Phase 1. During Phase 3 the project results will be factors responsible for the export of marsh materials to the disseminated to the agricultural chemicals industry and related estuarine food chain. The P.C. model will generate detrital export members of the agri-business community through a workshop measurements as input toward the Estuarine Ecosystem Model mechanism. being developed by NMFS. The coupling of the two models establishes a technique for estimating the economic value of W85-70519 677-62-62 wetlands with respect to estuarine dependent fish and shellfish Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. production. This RTOP addresses the following research activities GLOBAL INVENTORY TECHNOLOGY - SAMPLING AND MEA- for FY-85: (1) TM analysis--marsh biomass investigation to examine SUREMENT CONSIDERATIONS the feasibility of using ground-based biometer techniques and their M. C. Trichel 713-483-4017 extrapolation to space sensors; (2) TM analysis--exercise mensura- The objective is to investigate the trade-offs among selected tion algorithms including interface, interface density, distance-to- multi-resource remote sensing approaches for mapping and water, and water body type results and compare their accuracy inventorying global vegetation in order to support directly the with the MSS results; and (3) investigation of marsh grass primary attainment of vegetation information needs as identified in production and its decomposition to determine the effect of the Land-Related Global Habitability Issues (NASA TM 85841), Global distance-to-water variable on marsh growth and the export of Biology Plan (NASA TM 85629), Global Change, Impacts on detritus. Habitability (JPL D-95), and Global Change, A Biogeochemical Perspective (JPL 83-51). A critical issue in vegetation mapping/ W85-70522 677-80-22 !nventory is the degree to which a synoptic low-cost sensor such Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. as AVHRR can satisfy Earth science information needs and the IMAGE PROCESSING CAPABILITY UPGRADE degree to which sampling higher resolution/higher cost data is S. D. Schultz 213-354-8241 required. Four basic mapping/inventory strategies will be investi- The objective of this work is to establish an interactive image gated: (1) complete coverage of the target area with a single processing capability within building 183 to satisfy the image sensor; (2) sampled coverage of the target area with a single analysis needs of the geology group. Two color-image-display work sensor; (3) complete target coverage with one sensor and sampled stations and additional disk storage will be procured and installed coverage with a second sensor; and (4) complete coverage with on the group's computer. Software that is available from existing one sensor and sampled coverage with two additional sensors. sources will be procured to carry out the image processing and For each selected strategy, a map/inventory will be produced for analysis. Additional software will be written as required to route site of limited size (two or three LANDSAT full-frames) for several data sets to IPL digital film recorders and to perform specialized sets of operating conditions (i.e., amount of cloud cover, accuracy image processing functions. of target class delineations). This procedure will provide replications which depict the variation in performance to be expected from W85-70523 677.60-27 the strategy in larger scale analyses and which will form the basis Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. of a formal statistical analysis of selected mapping/inventory CHARACTERISTICS, GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF TER- summary parameters. The study will result in an assessment of RESTRIAL LANDFORMS the accuracy of remote sensing based estimates of vegetation N. M. Short 301-344-7870 areal extent and location for several typical strategies, and provide The objective of this research is to determine the role that

83 OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

space technology, especially Earth observation systems utilizing maintained in a system used at sea, it will be adequate for obtaining remote sensing devices, should play in defining, quantifying, and an absolute position for the surface element(s) of an acoustic sea applying techniques for analysis of landforrns at regional (small) floor benchmark system. Certain developments in system design scales. A longer term objective is to evaluate the potential of are required in order to use this technology for sea surface geomorphic analysis and geomorphic units mapping as a major positioning. These include antenna design, determining in- input to and framework for characterizing land surface units of stantaneous positions of a wave-tossed platform, and determining interest in prospective global habitability programs. Current effort the orientation of that platform. Preliminary sea trials with the is being directed toward completion of Regional Landforms from SERIES GPS receiver indicate that signal tracking from a slowly Space, a book-length document that will summarize knowledge of moving buoy such as FLIP is readily accomplished. regional landform analyses of space-acquired images. This publication is being prepared by select experts in various subfields W85-70527 692-61-01 of geomorphology. The same group comprises the organizing committee for a workshop on Regional Geomorphology being Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. REGIONAL CRUST DEFORMATION planned for the first quarter CY-85. That workshop will (1) review S. C. Cohen 301-344-8826 past and current work in regional geomorphology, (2) specify approaches to geomorphic analysis using space technology, and The overall objective of this RTOP is to improve the under- (3) identify and plan new areas of research into the field. A standing of regional scale crustal deformations at tectonic plate proceedings from this workshop will be developed during the boundaries and plate interiors. Specific objectives include: remainder of FY-85; this will include recommendation for future (1) interpreting and modeling crustal movements in California in terms of fundamental geotectonic processes in order to explain programs. spatial and temporal behavior of observed movements, (2) the development of numerical models of continental collisions taking Crustal Dynamics into account tectonic plate motions and crustal, lithosphere, asthenosphere structure and rheology; and (3) modeling crustal stresses in Western Europe. Theoretical and numerical model development and data analysis efforts are continuing in modeling W85-70524 692-05.05 plate boundary interactions and stresses in plate interiors. For Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. interpreting tectonic processes in California, space geodetic RESIDENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATE (CRUSTAL MOTIONS) measurements are being compared to ground based surveys and David E. Smith 301-344-8555 geological investigations. Spatial and temporal patterns of crustal The objective of this research is to combine the very long movement are being matched to models of the Earth structure base interferometry (VLBI) and laser ranging results and other and dynamic processes. For understanding continental collision geophysical and geological data in a general study of the tectonic processes, finite element models of deformation in a nonlinear activity in a variety of geological areas. Initial attention will be viscous medium are being developed. These models wig be used given to data in the western United States, Mexico and Canada to understand horizontal and vertical deformation processes in and the relationship of this activity to deformations in southern India, China, and the Arabian Plate. For modeling crustal stresses California. This RTOP will provide the support for a Resident in Western Europe, spherical shell theory will be combined with Research Associate in the earth dynamics discipline area. models of subcrustal stress to generate surface stress patterns.

W85-70525 692-59-01 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. W85-70528 692-61-02 CRUSTAL MOTION SYSTEM STUDIES Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. B. F. Chao 301-344-6120 REGIONAL CRUSTAL DYNAMICS The objective of this research is to conduct preliminary studies G. A. Lyzenga 213-354-6920 of the measurements, systems and sensors that may be required The objective of this research is to obtain understanding of in the middle of the next decade for geophysical and geodetic the physical processes which influence deformation and displace- studies in the Earth, Moon and planets. Conceptual studies will ment of the Earth's crust in tectonically active regions. Past and be undertaken to determine new measuring techniques for sensing continuing work in this area encompasses theoretical modeling of the dynamical motions, such as, tides, polar motion, crustal deformation processes, and synthesis of observational constraints movement, and gravity field of the Earth and the planets to accuracy from selected geophysical data sets. In particular, the approach levels an order of magnitude greater than presently possible. proposed here consists of: (1) finite element modeling of deforma- tion; (2) analytic parameter studies of crustal processes; W85-70526 692-59-45 (3) seismological studies of tectonics in the active Caribbean Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. region; and (4) geophysical studies of the more studied and GPS POSITIONING OF A MARINE BOUY FOR PLATE DYNAM- accessible southern California region: The anticipated results of ICS STUDIES this research include: (1) an understanding of the relationship T. H. Dixon 213-354-7535 between plate driving forc(_s and crustal stress; (2) insight into This RTOP is intended to perform a system analysis of the the longer term evolution of tectonic stress regimes; (3) new direct use of GPS (Global Positoning System) receiver technology for evidence for the sense and rate of Caribbean plate motion; and determining the location of an ocean surface platform with respect (4) a synthesis of classical geologic studies with space-derived to the GPS reference frame. The development of a system for data. Each of these will be the subject of scientific publications. measuring the location of benchmarks on the ocean floor with respect to an acoustic transmitter on the surface is being performed under another Geodynamics Program RTOP, by F. N. Spiess of W85-70529 692-61-03 Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The combined objective of Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. these two RTOPs is to precisely tie ocean floor benchmarks to CRUSTAL DEFORMATION INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM SUP- an Earth centered reference frame. GPS-based systems have PORT been developed for high precision, cost effective geodetic Jean E. Welker 301-344-0459 measurements under the NASA Geodynamics Program. Current (676-01-01 ) proof-of-concept receivers have demonstrated baseline measure- The objective of this RTOP is to provide technical management ments with a precision of several cm. The next generation support to AN's (university grants and private contracts) in the system is being developed for use in determining the orbit of the crustal deformations discipline area. The programs approach is to TOPEX satellite. Further improvements are expected to increase initiate, monitor, and report on research activities, conducted for precision to the one cm level. If this level of performance can be sponsorship of the Crustal Deformation Applications Notice.

84 OFFICE OF SPACE TRACKING AND DATA SYSTEMS

Laser Network Operations sources. Over the next few years, the present payload will be upgraded by employing improved detectors; a new payload will be designed to obtain very narrow band (< lmm) imagery. The W85-70530 693-05-05 latter instrument is intended to obtain information about line Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. emission in external galaxies as well as galactic sources. All RESIDENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATE (EARTH DYNAMICS) instrument development will be done in such a manner that the D. E. Smith 301-344-8555 instruments can be used on spacelab or on spartan (shuttle The objective of the RTOP was to study the interaction of the pointed autonomous research tool for astronomy). solid Earth, oceans and atmosphere to better understand the observed coupling of the atmospheric winds with the changes in W85-70534 879-11-46 the length of the day, and the extent of the role of ocean circulation Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. in this process. This RTOP will provide the support for a Resident SOUNDING ROCKET EXPERIMENTS (HIGH ENERGY Research Associate in the earth dynamics discipline area. ASTROPHYSICS) E. A. Boldt 301-344-5853 W85-70531 693-61-02 High energy astrophysics (especially X-ray astronomy) is a Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. rapidly evolving field of research, both scientifically and technically. LITHOSPHERIC STRUCTURE AND MECHANICS Our exploitation of the capabilities of short lead time, planning C. F. Yoder 213-354-2444 flexibility, accurate pointing and extremely high telemetry rates The objective of this research is to provide constraints on afforded by rocketborne experiments are major factors in our lithospheric structure and upper and lower mantle rheological success to date; a vigorous elaboration of this activity with spartan structure. A study of large plate boundary earthquakes will be is now necessary for continuing to make timely and important made using a three-dimensional finite element numerical model. contributions that complement data from our satellite missions and The mass displacements arising from large earthquakes provide a for the effective planning of advanced future missions (e.g., BBXRT, mechanism for exciting Chandler wobble which may be sensitive AXAF). This involves experiments with systems incorporating newly to the local rheological properties (i.e., Newtonian versus non- developed spectrometers and X-ray concentrators. Newtonian viscosity). Earthquakes also change Earth's polar moment of inertia and Earth's external gravity field which may OFFICE OF SPACE TRACKING AND cause detectable changes in Earth rotation and perturb the orbits DATA SYSTEMS of artificial Earth satellites such as Lageos. This study will provide important layered Earth model with Newtonian viscosity. The influence of different internal boundary conditions, radial viscosity Advanced Systems structure, and ice sheet melting history will be examined. A simple model for lateral variations in viscosity will be developed to serve W85-70535 310-10-23 as a bridge to finite element modeling of this phenomena. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. SOFTWARE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY W85-70532 693-61-03 Frank E. McGarry 301-344-6846 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. LITHOSPHERIC INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM SUPPORT (506-54-56; 310-40-49; 310-10-26; 310-40-45) Jean E. Welker 301-344-0459 The objective of this RTOP is to identify, evaluate, and refine (676-01-01) software engineering technology as applied to the software development process for the NASA environment. The technology The objective of this RTOP is to provide technical and financial to be studied includes software development methodologies (such management support to AN's (university grants and private as structured implementation techniques, various testing tech- contracts) in the lithospheric discipline area. The approach is to niques, structured analysis approaches to design), software initiate, monitor, and report on research activities, conducted for development tools (such as code auditors and analyzers, configura- sponsorship of the lithospheric applications notice. An appropriate tion management aids and PDL processors), software measures and timely funding for AN Support plus compilation and reporting on the results of this research is expected. and models (such as cost and reliability estimation models), and techniques for increasing reusability of software. The identified methodologies are intended to significantly reduce the overall life Sounding Rockets cycle costs of the software within the Mission and Data Operations area. The approach to attain the stated objectives include the utilization of an experimentation laboratory wherein proposed tools, methodologies and models may be acquired, developed, applied W85-70533 879-11-41 and studied in an actual software production environment. This Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. laboratory (called the Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL)) first SOUNDING ROCKET EXPERIMENTS (ASTRONOMY) of all identifies technologies of potential benefit to the NASA Andrew M. Smith 301-344-8648 software development process, then identifies appropriate mea- The astronomical sounding rocket program provides a unique sures for assessing the impact of the technology and coordinates capability to conduct a broad range of scientific investigations. the detailed experimentation of applying and tuning the technol- The program flexibility and short lead time make it possible to ogy within selected software development projects supporting observe unusual physical phenomena for which satellite instrumen- various requirements of Mission and Data Operations. Each of tation is not available. The program flexibility makes it possible to the projects is then carefully studied to determine the impact within expeditiously follow up discoveries as well as to provide tests and the NASA software development environment and to further identify calibrations of satellite instrumentation. This unique capability is refinements or additional technologies (tools, models, methodolo- exploited by obtaining one of a kind observations of those types gies, language characteristics, etc.), that could positively impact of astronomical phenomena that do not need large amounts of NASA software and would be directed at addressing specific NASA repetitive data to delineate their physical processes. New types of software shortcomings. observations are possible because of recent technical advances in such essential areas as aberration control diffraction gratings W85-70536 310-10-26 and two dimensional multipixel photon detectors. These observa- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. tions can contribute significantly to the understanding of the i.s. AI-I'ITUDE/ORBIT TECHNOLOGY medium, stars, nebulae, and peculiar galaxies. The present Charles R. Newman 301-344-5666 objectives are to develop payloads which take advantage of The objectives are to develop, evaluate, and demonstrate new opportunities to obtain spatial images of faint extended ultraviolet technology for attitude and orbit determination/prediction/analysis

85 OFFICEOFSPACETRACKINGANDDATASYSTEMS

for both ground-based and onboard application, including algo- in VLBI in order to receive the weak signals of Voyager at Uranus rithms, techniques, software, and hardware. The technology and Neptune. developed under this RTOP support the Office of Space Tracking and Data Systems in the areas of mission computing and analy- W85-70539 310-10-61 sis, TRDSS operations, and data processing. For TDAS support, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. alternate user tracking techniques will be identified and evaluated EARTH ORBITER TRACKING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT for accuracy of the orbit determination and the impacts on the T. P. Yunck 818-354-3369 ground and space systems of TDAS. Techniques that allow onboard (310-10-60; 310-10-63) navigation and that simplify ground based orbit determination will The objective of this RTOP is to develop the conceptual design be examined. In the area of attitude/orbit algorithm development, for an integrated system to track Earth satellites--including low various techniques, algorithms, and filters will be developed and Earth orbiters (LEO's), highly elliptical orbiters (HEO's), and evaluated for their applicability to automted and improved orbit eventually geosynchronous Earth orbiters (CEO's)--and to demon- and attitude determination and control configurations. The configur- strate the feasibility of this conceptual system. The design goals ations may be onboard or ground-based. Various ground control are to improve on current tracking accuracy by an order of point (GCP) processing algorithms wll be analyzed and automated magnitude in a system that is inexpensive to deploy and operate. techniques will be developed for GCP registration. Nominally, the system should provide satellite position accuracies of a meter or better at altitudes below 600 km (typical shuttle W85-70537 310-10-42 altitudes), a few decimeters at altitudes between 600 km and Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. about 5000 km (common for scientific Earth observation missions), PRECISION TIME AND FREQUENCY SOURCES scaling up to 1 to 5 meters at geosynchronous altitude. It should John W. Coffmann 301-344-7652 require no more than ten ground terminals and those should be (644-03-05; 676-59-35) transportable, operate unattended, accumulate data at phone line The objectives of the RTOP are to research and develop compatible data rates, and cost less than $1 million apiece. Finally, additional and/or improved time and frequency standards and the system should be able to determine non-DSN station loca- associated time and frequency distribution, transfer and measure- tions to a decimeter, provide continuous coverage for an unlimited ment systems for VLBI, near Earth and deep space tracking, number of satellites, and operate in a purely passive or receive-only tracking data relay system (TDRS) and other NASA programs mode. The approach is to apply the global positioning system requiring precision time and frequency devices. Improvements in (GPS) of 18 navigation satellites being developed by the Depart- the NR maser design will continue to be developed. In addition to ment of Defense. The proposed technique employs differential improvements for increased reliability and serviceability, laboratory GPS observables--range, range change, range rate--constructed studies are planned for improved performance in hydrogen masers. from observations made concurrently with receivers on the ground These include the continued evaluations of the quartz cavity liner, and on low orbiters. Higher orbiters, above about 10,000 km, would continued evaluation of the integral cavity, and further investiga- carry a beacon rather than a GPS receiver. This delta GPS tions of designs of the variable volume maser. Research and technique is derived from the delta VLBI techniques demonstrated development of innovative frequency standards will continue. The on various deep space missions and, currently, on a GEO under superconducting cavity stabilized oscillator (SCSO) development this RTOP. Other work under RTOP 61 includes system perfor- and fabrication will be continued for future integration into hydrogen mance analysis and design, system software design, ground maser; and, if funding allows, initial investigations into the trapped receiver prototype development, and actual flight demonstrations mercury ion device will begin. Research and development of new of the tracking techniques. Related work is being done under processing and fabrication technology for the manufacture of RTOPs 60 and 63, and under RTOPs funded by the Oceanic electrodeless quartz supported resonators will begin (again if Processes and Geodynamic Branches of OSSA. funding allows). New techniques for evaluating ensemble of interacting masers for improved frequency and timekeeping and W85-70540 310-10-62 dissemination will continue to be investigated. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. FREQUENCY AND TIMING RESEARCH W85-70538 310-10-60 R. L. Sydnor 818-354-2763 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. (310-10-60; 310-10-61; 310-10-64; 310-10-68) RADIO METRIC TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT The thrust of this RTOP is the development of frequency and Robert N. Treuhaft 818-354-6216 time standards and distribution systems and equipment for the (310-10-62; 310-10-63; 310-10-61) effective utilization of these technologies in the Deep Space The broad objective of RTOP 60 is to design and demonstrate Network (DSN) of the next decade. Accurate and stable frequency improved techniques of radiometric data acquisition and analysis and time are the basis for outer space navigation, particularly that as used by the DSN to support navigation and radio science. The which use interferometric or differential techniques between DSN principal specific objective is to improve methods of accurate stations. The reliability of current systems must be improved in angular spacecraft navigation. Experimental work is based largely order to decrease M and O costs and to increase the H-maser on the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). With availability to 99%. The goal is to improve the mean time between VLBI, spacecraft angular positions are measured relative to the failures from 25 months to 5 years and the mean time for repair planets by locating both spacecraft and planets in an inertial from 3 months to 3 weeks. In addition, the present frequency and reference frame defined by extra-galactic radio sources (EGRS). timing performance of the DSN of 10 to the minus 14th power RTOP 60 is concerned with errors in establishing the EGRS and 100 nsec must be improved by the mid-1980s to 10 to the positions and station locations in the inertial reference frame, minus 16th power and 10 nsec. The goal for the early 1990s is locating the spacecraft relative to the EGRS, and locating the 10 to the minus 17th power and 1 nsec. New technology, such planets in the EGRS frame. Error analysis for radio science as trapped ion, superconducting cavities, or cooled quartz experiments which use VLBI/radio metric observables is also oscillators must be developed to meet these goals. The high performed. Work is being done to develop hardware and software spectral purity required at K-band will be achieved by these which will increase the efficiency of DSN tracking and data frequency standards. Redundant frequency standards are planned acquisition. An effort is underway to incorporate the key elements to achieve the high system reliability, so a means must be provided of a VLBI correlator in a few very large scale integration (VLSl) in the form of a frequency standard selection and control system chips, thereby opening the possibility of a portable correlator (FSSCS) to achieve switching to alternate standards upon failure capability. Research into high speed computing techniques will of the prime standard with a minimum change of frequency and yield processors for the DSN which may increase the throughput phase. The goal is 0.01 degrees of phase and 10 to the minus of data analysts by a factor of at least two. Other investigations 15th power change in frequency. Effective utilization of the high include the possibility of using antenna arraying concepts inherent stabilities achieved by the frequency standards requires precision

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frequency and time distribution. Fiber optic systems will be transponders. The approach for each task is as follows: Define developed to disseminate these references over distance from the system requirements and resultant network architecture. Then, 10 meters to 30 kilometers. The goal of the fiber optic system is develop and demonstrate the system elements including low-cost 10 to the minus 18th power frequency stability and 0.1 nsec time implementation of time division multiple-access (TDMA) terminals, stability. The capability of a DSS to perform at stability levels maintenance and control terminal, TDMA control center, transport- commensurate with the frequency standards must be validated able satellite Earth station, integrated voice and data switching for X-band Uplink and future missions. terminal and digital speech interpolation terminal. Evaluate the feasibility of combining the best performance of signal processing W85-70541 310-10-63 and coding elements using modeling and computer simulation Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. techniques to provide 85 MBS transmission through a C-band SPACE SYSTEMS AND NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGY transponder at .0000001 bit error rate and 99.5% error free C. S. Christensen 213-354-7408 seconds with specified satellite system characteristics. The objective of this RTOP is to establish the anticipated navigation requirements for Deep Space Network (DSN) supported W85-70544 310-20-39 missions planned for the 1985 to 2000 era and to assess their Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. implications on the DSN radiometric and navigation systems. To VERY LONG BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY (VLBI) TRACKING meet the future navigation needs the RTOP focuses on three OF THE TRACKING AND DATA RELAY SATELLITE (TDRS) primary areas. The first area, navigation technology, identifies and Philip Liebrecht 301-344-7782 evaluates data strategies for improving deep space navigation The objectives of this RTOP are to utilize very long base accuracies and enhancing mission capabilities. Radiometric data interferometry tracking of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellites requirements for new navigation functions, such as Asteroid and (TDRS) as an independent measure with which to validate the Comet orbiters, are established. Navigation concepts and data Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System tracking capability, to strategies, consistent with low cost mission support, are formulated demonstrate the application of passive interferometric techniques and demonstrated using data from current missions. The second to improve TDRS trajectory determination, and to determine the area focuses on reducing mission operations costs and increasing detailed requirements and specifications for an operational, reliability by the automation of radiometric data processing. A dedicated TDRS interferometric tracking system. A three-phase navigation development system has been implemented using a approach will be used. During the first phase, experiments will be VAX 11/780 computer. This system will serve as the foundation conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the technique, and for the long range goals which are to develop high speed computer provide data for the evaluation of different design alternatives and graphics capabilities, investigate navigation use of concurrent for comparison with the bilateration ranging transponder derived processor technology, and initiate automated event-driven opera- orbits. The second phase will involve formulating overall func- tions and diagnostic procedures. The third area establishes system tional requirements and system analysis for a dedicated operational level requirements for QUASAT, an Earth-orbiting antenna to be system, leading, toward the final phase which will develop complete used to acquire very long base interferometry. The QUASAT will detail system specifications for such a system. provide enormous radio science payoff but impose unique tracking system requirements. An early investigation of a few key technology W85-70545 310-20-46 issues will have significant impact on both the mission design and Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. the tracking system support. Initial objectives are to demonstrate, ADVANCED SPACE SYSTEMS FOR USERS OF NASA NET- using the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS), the WORKS feasibility of transferring ground based stable frequency standards R. P. Hockensmith 310-344-9067 to an Earth orbiter and to obtain interferometric fringes using the (506-61-26) TDRSS single access antenna and a DSN station. The objective of the work under this RTOP is to achieve technological advances in radio frequency (RF) and optical W85-70542 310-20-33 systems, antenna subsystems and associated control technology, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. on-board data storage systems, and in telecommunications coding. NETWORK SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT These developments will satisfy future requirements of users of J. J. Schwartz 301-344-7313 NASA networks (spacecraft and Space Transportation System The objective of this RTOP is to investigate the applicability payloads) that require near-global coverage through data relay of new technology in the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System satellite systems (Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) era. Selected technology will be investigated by means (TDRSS); Tracking and Data Acquisition System (TDAS)) and other of feasibility studies, prototype development and demonstration, networks as appropriate for the support of the missions. The and by cost and reliability impact studies. A major goal is to approaches for accomplishing the objective are: (1) to identify the investigate the effect of non-Gaussian channel characteristics on basic operational space flight requirements; (2) to investigate active TDRSS link performance and develop coding and signal designs and passive components and antenna systems that are feasible, which optimize link performance. Associated with this goal is the but may be a technical risk, to attain the required performance; objectives of validating the analytical predictions by means of (3) to investigate methods of reducing and controlling torque limited hardware simulations extention of CLASS to provide a flight noise induced into space platforms due to electro-mechanical performance prediction and evaluation function, and to modify the steering of large, high-gain antennas; (4) to investigate methods CLASS to provide a network design and evaluation tools. of high density and high rate recording and storage; (5) to investigate improvements in telecommunication coding schemes W85-70543 310-20-38 for spacecraft generated data; (6) to develop system designs Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. incorporating these optimum subsystems to permit user projects SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY to specify proven, reliable hardware with a high confidence level D. D. Wilson 301-344-5257 in the performance capability, cost, and required procurement cycle; The objective of this RTOP is to introduce an efficient high-rate and (7) to exploit necessary improvements in testing techniques digital telecommunication transport system to support NASA that properly characterize these critical systems. programs. The work focuses on two major tasks with objectives to define and demonstrate an efficient multinode satellite-based W85-70546 310-20-64 digital telecommunications system which can provide to geograph- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ically dispersed users multiple-access on a common link; and ADVANCED TRANSMITTER SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT to define and demonstrate advanced signal processing and coding Rob Hartop 818-354-3433 techniques which could provide an improvement in data transmis- (310-20-65; 310-30-68; 310-30-70) sion speed and performance through 36-MHz C-Band domestic The object of this RTOP is the development of advanced

87 OFFICEOFSPACETRACKINGANDDATASYSTEMS

transmittersystemsapplicableto future DSN missions that also directed to various aspects of this RTOP: (1) develop a multifre- provide the capability to perform radar astronomy on planets, quency, ultralow noise amplifier system to cover S, X, and Ka-bands satellites, asteroids, comets and other targets within the solar with broad bandwidths and high gain and phase stability. To this system. Recently completed at DSS-13 are a 20 KW CW X-band end, both a Ka-band maser with upconverters and solid state transmitter and a receiver/exciter subsystem that are currently amplifiers utilizing high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) are being used to demonstrate a complete ground station frequency being developed, as well as the analytical tools and measurement stability of 5 parts in 10 to the 15th power when averaged over systems needed for designing and characterizing slow wave 1000 seconds. The subsystems are also being used in conjunction structures, HEMT devices, and microwave low noise amplifiers; with S-band transmitter and receiver subsystems to investigate (2) develop a magnetic refrigeration stage for operation between simultaneous S and X-band uplink/downlink operations. These tests 15 and 4 kelvin as an alternative to the Joule-Thomson stage will first determine the extent of increased system noise tempera- currently in use. Utilizing the cooling effect of adiabatic demagnetiz- tures and generation of intermodulation products, and will be ation, this process has the potential for increased reliability, lower followed by progressive system improvements to demonstrate the operating temperatures, and lower total energy requirements; (3) to technology for simultaneous uplinks at widely spaced frequencies improve the reliability and performance of the current cryogenic for future DSN use. Already demonstrated are the need for cooling equipment by tripling the MTBF and increasing cooling increased harmonic filtering of the S-band transmitter, and efficiency; (4) develop our present low noise amplifier technology stationary antenna operation of both transmitters without signifi- in support of interagency arraying for unique opportunities like cantly increased noise temperatures. The detailed design of a Voyager-Neptune encounter; (5) develop microwave cryogenic Ka-band gyroklystron will lead to hardware development devices, such as fixed and tunable filters and slow wave structures; beginning in FY-86. Concurrently with this contractor effort is the and (6) calibrate and model the propagation medium and establish in house design of a state of the art transmitter system from the a statistical database of the microwave temperature and attenuation exciter input at 44 to 100 MHz to the fee.dhorn output at 34 GHz. at Ka-band, and determine system performance degradation This transmitter system will feature advanced technology in several caused by rain and other atmospheric effects on antenna and areas including superpower (400 KW CW) higher mode generation, feed system components. control and filtering, very high phase stability, high reliability, and complete microprocessor monitoring and control. When mounted W85-70549 310-20-67 on the upgraded 70 M antenna at Goldstone, this transmitter will Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. provide an effective radiated power of some 100 trillion watts, OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT enabling the scientific observation of many new targets within the J. R. Lesh 818-354-2766 solar system. The objective of this RTOP is to develop and demonstrate the technology needed for efficient and reliable optical communica- W85-70547 310-20-65 tions for DSN supported missions in the 1990's and beyond. To Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. accomplish this objective, and to focus the RTOP, a near term ANTENNA SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT goal of developing the technology and engineering models for a D. Bathker 818-354-3436 flight demonstration of optical communication principles by the The objectives of this RTOP are to identify and develop late 1980's has been established. The actual building and transferable technology to enhance the capabilities of the NASA/ integrating of the flight hardware, as well as the performing of the JPL Deep Space Network by improving the performance of large demonstration are assumed to be funded outside this RTOP. Earth-based antennas. This is accomplished through work in both However, this RTOP will provide the resources to define, analyze, the electromagnetic and structural (mechanical) areas that design, and perform critical developments needed for the demonstration. analyze, and demonstrate (where appropriate) the feasibility of This RTOP will establish requirements for an optical receiving selected antenna development options. The objectives include the station for Earth vicinity reception of interplanetary optical signals, accurate evaluation of performance factors and the cost estimation and perform critical systems designs and technology developments needed to select the improvements with the largest payoff in to meet those requirements. Additionally, in order to assess the performance per unit cost. The approach includes the application impact of optical communications on deep space vehicles, the of software and computation intensive synthesis and analysis of above activities will also be performed for the deep space terminal. very large (30 to 70 meter diameter) reflector antenna systems. In support of the longer term objective, this RTOP will develop Designs are optimized for a combination of maximum antenna and demonstrate laser source and laser detection technology for gain and minimum system noise temperature. Development work both noisy (high background light) environments typical of missions concentrates on improved surface accuracy through antenna near brightly lighted planets, as well as the more benign (darker) structure upgrades, precision surface panel development, improved environments characteristic of planetary encounters far from the and easier to use panel alignment techniques, and feed technology Sun. This technology is expected to utilize heterodyne reception that enables wideband multifrequency operation with high power techniques for the former and direct detection techniques for the transmission (400 kW CW) and simultaneous ultralow noise (less latter. than 20 K) receiving system performance. Precise measurement techniques for performance evaluation are developed and utilized W85-70550 310-20-68 for technology demonstrations and for new or modified operational Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. antenna testing. Measurement and diagnostics tools being devel- DSN MONITOR AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY oped include optical measurement and microwave holographic C. F. Foster 818-354-5070 techniques. A major effort for the future is the design and (310-20-64; 310-20-65; 310-20-66) development of key technology for a new Ka band, development The objectives of this RTOP are the development and demon- antenna at DSS 13. stration of technology for unattended tracking station operations. The approach used is the development of a test bed remote W85-70548 310-20-66 controlled unattended station at DSS 13. This test bed includes Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. automated control of an unattended 26m antenna, high-power RADIO SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT transmitter, receiver-exciter, and data processing subsystems J. A. McNeil 818-354-3268 (subcarrier demodulator). Control of the equipment is from JPL. The objectives of this RTOP are to improve the Earth based This test bed has evolved over several years to include an receiving elements of the spacecraft to Earth communications link increasingly comprehensive set of subsystems, and improved to meet the future navigation, telemetry and science needs of the operator interfaces. Fully unattended receive capability was DSN; to lower the cost of implementation and modification; and demonstrated for six months in FY-78 and 79 to provide controlled to increase the reliability and decrease the cost of maintenance life cycle cost data. Unattended operation of the high-power of receiving equipment and cryogenic systems. Six work units are transmitter was demonstrated for two months in FY-80/FY-81. An

88 OFFICE OF SPACE TRACKING AND DATA SYSTEMS unattended uplink demonstration of tracking and commanding the W85-70553 310-40-26 Pioneer 8 spacecraft began in FY-63 and extended into FY-84. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Emphasis in FY-85 will be" to complete Pioneer 8 Unattended OPERATIONS SUPPORT COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY Tracking and Command Demonstration; to evaluate the perfor- D. T. Ketterer 301-344-8460 mance record of this demonstration; and to initiate a study of the This RTOP is aimed at improving the accuracy, timeliness, monitor and control system needed for a new Ka-band antenna cost effectiveness, and operational aspects of ground based orbit at DSS 13. computations and products in the TDRSS era. It addresses the evolution of the Operations Support Computing (OSC) technology; the objective is to research, analyze, and develop advanced W85-70551 310-20.71 operational concepts, and computer system designs for operations. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. System studies in FY-85 will concentrate on developing concepts COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH and techniques for an intelligent terminal based system to improve J. H. Yuen 818-354-7058 the OSC functions. The Research and Technology Support Facility (310-20-67) (RTSF) employing intelligent terminals will be used to develop The objective of this RTOP is to develop digital communication and demonstrate recommended operations concepts. A major effort systems technology required to meet the needs of DSN supported is directed towards developing a graphics support system on missions for the late 1980's and 1990's. To meet the foreseen intelligent terminals to define graphics displays that will increase needs for efficient and low cost NASA space communications the an operator's/analyst's ability to make informed, accurate, and RTOP will focus on improving or expanding space communication timely decisions to fast changing events through the visualization capability. End-to-end telemetry system performance will be of mission characteristics. improved by providing analysis, modeling, and computer simulation of subsystems to estimate individual subsystem impact on the quality of delivered data. Coding/decoding and modulation/ demodulation techniques which are consistent with the present W85-70554 310-40-37 day constraints on complexity will be investigated in order to Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. achieve an additional 2.0 dB reduction in required signal to noise HUMAN-TO-MACHINE INTERFACE TECHNOLOGY ratio. Techniques to assure robust communications under non-ideal W. F. Truszkowski 301-344-9261 channel environments will be developed. Communication ef- (310-40-44) ficiency will be improved by developing information processing The objectives of this RTOP are to: develop and apply natural and data handling methods which can maintain information content man/machine interfaces for space payload and ground control but reduce required data volume and rate. Integrated source systems including data base management systems, and develop encoding, buffering, multiplexing, and packetization strategies will methodologies, models, and guidelines which emphasize the human be investigated. The needed improvement by the DSN to provide factors issues associated with man/machine interfaces and efficient support of high elliptical earth orbiters will be identified interactions. Tl_e intention is to apply recent advances in human and investigated. factors analysis, data base management, and artificial intelligence to man/machine interface and interaction problems. The approach W65-70552 310-30-70 to be taken is: (1) to identity and apply state of the art data base Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. management technology to mission and data operations systems; DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (2) to apply human factors and advanced knowledge engineedng W. J. Hurd 818-354-2748 techniques and methodologies in the development and application (310-30-60; 310-30-66; 310-30-67; 310-30-69) of user interfaces to various data/information systems actively The purpose of this RTOP is to investigate, develop, test and used in the mission and data operations environment; and (3) to demonstrate advanced signal processing techniques and equip- formulate and execute a plan for a human factors testbed to ment which enable the DSN to plan and achieve its performance support near term application directed man/machine interface requirements at reduced risk and cost to implementation and development and analysis. The RTOP is a system level RTOP operations. There are two major thrusts. First is the development supporting TDRSS operations, mission operations, mission support of advanced receiver signal processing, and symbol stream computing, and general systems engineering activities. combining which will enhance the DSN antenna arraying capability at Voyager, Uranus and Neptune encounters. Second is develop- ment of VLSI circuits with applications to coded communications and DSN signal processing. The current engineering objectives W85-70555 310-40-45 are: (1) to design, develop and demonstrate high performance, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. miniaturized and cost effective digital signal processing for the MISSION OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGY telemetry signal processing portions of an advanced receiver for P. J. Ondrus 301-344-8001 the DSN; (2) to develop a symbol stream combining system for The main objective of this Research and Technology Objectives low signal-to-noise ratio antenna arraying, and to demonstrate the and Plans (RTOP) is to develop techniques and validate concepts performance and cost effectiveness of this technique on Voyager that will improve operations efficiency, reliability, and reduce mission signals at Uranus encounter; (3) to develop and demonstrate cost. The task objectives of the RTOP are: (1) the development custom high speed very large scale integrated circuits (VLSl) to and application of automation techniques to a command and control meet DSN peculiar needs including reduced size and cost in high environment, (2) provide the technology for distributed command performance coders and decoders, and advanced receiver and control systems, and (3) the assessment and development of telemetry signal processing; and (4) to provide engineering support software development tools for real time command and control for the RFI surveillance system. During FY-85 the tasks are: software programs. These three objectives represent the major demonstrate low SNR telemetry processing, third order and technical challenges facing real time command and control sideband aided carrier tracking, and symbol stream combining on systems for the late 1980s. The RTOP approach consists of Voyager signals; complete the telemetry signal processing bread- supporting three separate, but interrelated tasks. The first task, board by inclusion of direct carrier modulation types; complete the Control Center Automation Task, seeks to study, analyze, and testing of VLSl 4-bit Reed-Solomon decoder, complete design and prototype activities leading to the automation of control center fabrication of 8-bit R-S decoder, and begin design of Viterbi functions. Major problems addressed in this approach are remote decoder; design VLSl accumulate and dump chip and a FFT initialization of systems and the testing of automated systems. commutator-delay chip for telemetry signal processing and The second task, Remote User Interface, seeks to define and spectrum analysis; and continue engineering support of the RFI develop a standard remote user interface for attached payload surveillance system. operations.

89 OFFICEOFSPACETRACKINGANDDATASYSTEMS

W85-70556 310-40-46 the resources of host computers into coherent systems, and also GoddardSpaceFlightCenter,Greenbelt,Md. present users with a stable and congenial software environment. DATAPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGY FrederickW.McCaleb301-344-6386 OFFICE OF SPACE TRANSPORTA- ThisRTOP supports the development and utilization of new TION SYSTEMS technology to improve the performance of high data volume data processing systems. Currently there are two major objectives: Advanced Programs (1) utilization of optical disk digital data storage technology in data processing systems; and (2) development of guidelines for automatic quality assessment in high volume data processing W85-70559 906-54-40 systems. These objectives are being pursued as two independent Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. tasks. Task one consists of two elements, namely, implementa- THE HUMAN ROLE IN SPACE (THURIS) tion of a digital optical disk test bed system and development of S. B. Hall 205-453-4196 data management strategies for large data bases stored on optical Objective of this task is to further develop a human functions disk. Task two assesses various error management and quality verification program based upon findings from THURIS studies. control techniques to determine an economically viable level of The approach is to assess the effectiveness of humans in the automatic error management in high data volume data processing generic activities identified by prior THURIS work. Man/machine systems. task allocation models and human role performance enhancement techniques will be analyzed. These analyses will refine previous W85-70557 310-40-49 data and upgraded the THURIS data base with input from recent Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. manned missions. Over guideline funds will be used to begin SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY selected verification tests of man/machine task allocation models R. W. Nelson 301-344-7809 and enhancement techniques for generic activities. The objective of this RTOP is to develop and evaluate systems level concepts and technologies which will be utilized to optimize W85-70560 906-54-61 the management, operation, and evolution of the Space Tracking Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. and Data Systems (STDS). Major subobjectives are: (1) the RENDEZVOUS/PROXIMITY OPERATIONS GN&C SYSTEM development of a systems engineering and management support DESIGN AND ANALYSIS system for the introduction and consistent use of systems P. C. Kramer 713-483-3254 engineering principles and management practices in all phases of The objective is to develop a rendezvous/proximity operations the system life cycle; (2) the definition, designing, and implementa- guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C) system design com- tion of a cost/allocation/prediction model for STDS subsystems; patible with all interacting elements of the space fleet (e.g., Orbiter, and (3) the specification, design, and development of an automation O'I'V, OMV, and free flyers). An automated system will be developed supported software management/development environment based to support routine operations of the space fleet. Operational around the concepts of software factory and reuseable software. requirements will be defined and incorporated into the conceptual The RTOP approach is to develop associated tools and techniques, GN&C system design. Simulation tools will be developed and/or apply the techniques to representative problems, and evaluate enhanced to support the design and evaluation processes. both the techniques and the results prior to full utilization in STDS. Performance and trade studies will be conducted to evaluate This is a system level RTOP supporting mission operations, mission various GN&C system options and to establish an evolutionary support computing, spacecraft data acquisition, data processing, system design. Significant technology drivers associated with the and tracking and data relay satellite system ('rDRSS) operations. GN&C system development will be identified. Four main tasks are included: (1) automated rendezvous/prox ops system analysis; W85-70558 310-40-72 (2) proximity operations requirements definition; (3) navigation Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. system development (operational requirements definition); and (4) NETWORK HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT laser sensor model development (operational requirements TOOLS definition). W. M. Whitney 213-354-4410 (310-30-70) W85-70561 906-54-62 The overall objective is to produce computer tools that Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. significantly assist DSN engineers in organizing, conducting, and ECLSS TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED PROGRAMS managing the design and implementation of digital system hardware F. H. Samonski 713-483-4823 and software. Effective use of these tools will enable the DSN to The potential future missions under consideration have diverse take advantage of the benefits of very-large-scale integrated circuits environments and unique requirements that differ from those of (VLSI) and other semiconductor technologies in implementing digital the Space Station. Advanced missions have longer resupply systems. The system of tools being assembled for digital design periods, necessitating the use of more expendable-free will accommodate all essential steps in design, verification, and approaches. The objectives" of this RTOP is to examine potential testing. Design can be conducted at the levels of logic, electrical synergisms between life support systems of the Space Station circuitry, or layout; lower-level tools will handle the details of design and future missions/vehicles as part of a comprehensive study to implementation. Tools at different levels will be integrated by means support the subsequent development of life support system of standard formats for representing circuit connectivity, topology, components which can perform over the wide range of potential and geometry, and by programs that convert from one format to requirements. It is anticipated that the study will identify the unique another. The system will eventually support all common implemen- mission drivers and identify the corresponding environmental tation methodologies, including integrated circuits, gate arrays, control and life support subsystem ECLSS technology needs and standard cells, custom VLSI, and the principal VLSI fabrication voids. technologies. The tools are resident on a VAX-11/780 computer with the VMS operating system. A VAX 11/750 workstation under W85-70562 906-55-10 UNIX permits importing, using, and evaluating UNIX-based tools Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. written outside of JPL. Algorithms are being designed for special STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLY DEMONSTRATION EXPERIMENT DSN function. Research is being done on methods of planning, (SADE) conducting, and managing software development, and documenting J. K. Harrison 205-453-2795 and evaluating the software development process and its products. The Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment SADE A specific task is focused on how to organize the software objectives are to demonstrate that the Shuttle has the capability engineering and hardware design tools and integrate them and to serve as a base for building a large structure in space, to

90 OFFICE OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

measuretheextenttowhichtheMSFCNeutralBuoyancySimulator between, and inclusive of, geosynchronous orbit and the surface (NBS)can accurately simulate space assembly, and to determine of Earth's moon (including Earth-Moon libration points). Transporta- the performance of the truss in terms of deployment and assem- tion system elements required to support these activities are, of bly. A single flight is planned in 1987. The 100 foot long truss will course, not subject to geosynchronous orbit as a lower bound, be constructed over a period of several hours using astronaut but will extend back to LEO (i.e., Space Station, OTV). The products EVA assistance and other Shuttle resources. The construction of the effort described in the RTOP will be reports detailing rationale procedure is being tested in the NBS, and will be repeated on-orbit. for, functions of, and the opportunities provided by an advanced The truss will be constructed in a vertical direction from the Shuttle transportation system, the mapping of the rationale and functions bay and remain attached. Several days later disassembly will into system element requirements, and conceptual definition of occur and the disassembled truss will be returned to Earth. several competing options that will satisfy these requirements. As a post-script to the analysis, the report will include a brief W85-70563 906-55-61 assessment of the capability of the proposed transportation system Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. elements to support other solar system mission objectives such PHASED ARRAY LENS FLIGHT EXPERIMENT as asteroid rendezvous, Mars sample return, and manned solar W. E. Thompsorl 205-872-2792 system exploration. The tasks, their relationships, and the proposed The objective will be to continue capability development of output is shown in the attached flow charts. reliable deployment and delivery of large aperture sensors by the Orbiter or upper stages. The FY-85 task will provide NASA support W85-70566 906-63-30 on cooperative NASA/USAF/DARPA test program currently Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. proposed as a joint-funded activity. This tests program is for OTV GN&C SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS structural deployment/retraction of radiating membrane which G. G. McSwain 713-483-4476 supports DOD capabilities for space surveillance systems and The objective of this RTOP is to develop a conceptual design NASA/civil capabilities for advanced communications systems. This for the O'IV GN&C Guidance and Navigation Computer system task will utilize requirements and definition data from related and to identify the associated technology drivers both in context program/studies such as DARPA/USAF membrane development/ of the Shuttle Transportation System/Space Station environments demonstration, Low-Altitude Radar Missions, and the NASA and expendable upper stage experience. The plan for FY-85 is to definition on Large Antenna Flight Test and Experimental Com- develop mission requirements, refine the conceptual GN&C system munications Platform. The planned approach is to fabricate a test design, and perform an evaluation of this design. This effort will article for initial ground tests and subsequent flight test on the provide a broader base of technology and mission requirements Orbiter. The test article will be integrated with flight support to support: (1) aerobraking for both lifting brake and drag modulation hardware previously developed and flown by NASA. techniques, (2) orbital navigation techniques utilizing Global Positioning System GPS, and (3) development of rendezvous and W85-70564 906-63-03 docking requirements for low Earth rendezvous with the Orbiter Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. and Space Station. Integration requirements leading to com- ORBITAL TRANSFER VEHICLE (OTV) monality across project/program lines will be identified to reduce D. R. Saxton 205-453-0162 overall system costs. Implicit in the overall task will be the future (506-63-59; 506-63-29) development and application of the tools, models, and analysis The objectives of this effort are to conduct conceptual definition techniques necessary to support the effort. and technology studies of Orbital Transfer Vehicle OTV concepts, subsystems, evolutionary approaches, and implementation of an W85-70567 906-63-33 Aeroassisted Flight Demonstration Experiment. Particular emphasis Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. will be placed on: (1) investigation of alternative launch modes, SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (STS) PROPELLANT basin options, and missions; (2) establishing feasibility and providing SCAVENGING STUDY definition/optimization of O'IV concepts; (3) assessing and planning Gene R. Grush 713-483-5395 for development and verification of technology; (4) investigating The objectives of this study are to" (1) finalize test plan and the feasibility of propellant scavenging; (5) initiating definition of a design requirements for ground and/or flight experiment of the large scale cryogenic storage flight experiment; (6) conducting STS propellant scavenging system; (2) provide parametric cost breadboard testing; and (7) preliminary design/development of a data for a propellant resupply system consisting of a propellant flight experiment to demonstrate critical aspects of an Aeroassisted scavenging system; and (3) determine manifesting impacts of OTV atmospheric mission phase. Phase A in house and contracted propellant resupply system using a propellant scavenging system. studies have resulted in several selected groundbased Shuttle Based on the results of earlier studies, a more comprehensive Orbiter compatible OTV concepts, both aeroassisted and all evaluation of this potential resource of fluids is warranted. This propulsive. The FY-84/85 activity will investigate concepts com- study will focus on the experimental requirements, manifesting patible with alternative launch and basing modes. The cryogenic impacts, on-orbit propellant requirements, vehicle's center of gravity breadboard is operational, and testing has been initiated. It is window, new technological requirements and analytical analysis expected that OAST will assume funding of the Aeroassist Concept with respect to the proposed STS propellant scavenging system Analysis task continuation. A flight experiment demonstration of concept. the Aeroassist OTV is included to provide for design and develop- ment of a jointly funded (OAST/OSF) Aeroassist Flight Experiment. W85-70568 906-63-37 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. W85-70565 906-63-06 HIGH ALTITUDE ATMOSPHERE DENSITY MODEL FOR AOTV Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. APPLICATION ADVANCED SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS - LUNAR J. D. Gamble 713-483-5071 BASE AND MANNED GEO OBJECTIVES The objective of this RTOP is to provide High Altitude Atmo- Barney B. Roberts 715-483-3278 spheric Density Data Base for Aeroassisted Orbital Transfer Vehicle Now that the Space Shuttle has become operational, and NASA (AOTV). Continuation of Space Shuttle Orbiter effort will be is in the early stage of conceptual definition of the next logical terminated at the end of the Orbiter Flight Test Program (Flight steps in the Space Transportation System, it is time to once again 19). Orbiter accelerations derived from IMU and Aerodynamic assess the long range objectives of the civilian space agency in Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP) will be utilized to derive order to provide the necessary guidance for a logical, rational atmospheric density. Orbiter derived density will be compared and integrated phases development of the Space Station and against National Weather Service provided density profiles and other transportation system elements. To focus the effort requested profiles predicted by existing global atmosphere models. A in this RTOP, the scope of the study will be bounded by activities statistical model for atmospheric density including density shears

91 OFFICE OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

such as were observed on STS-4 and STS-9 will be provided. W85-70572 906-65-04 Recommendations for modifications to current global atmosphere Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. models will be provided. SDV/ADVANCED VEHICLES J. E. Hughes 205-453-0162 The objectives of this effort are: to refine vehicle concepts W85-70569 906-63-39 and supporting facilities/equipment definition for Shuttle Derived John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. Vehicles (SDV); to establish and incorporate mission requirements ORBITAL TRANSFER VEHICLE LAUNCH OPERATIONS into the basic vehicles definition; to establish methods of trans- STUDY porting propellant to an orbiting space station and/or propellant holding tanks; and to determine costs, benefits, and schedules John M. Twigg 305-867-4670 The objects are to consider expanding the capability of STS required for implementation. Contracted studies are currently in to the Orbital Transfer Vehicle (O'FV) concepts. These concepts progress to define several SDV concepts that could augment the include the OTV/ACC, a ground based OTV, and a space based basic STS in several different ways. These concepts utilized current OTV. Vehicles under study include reusable and expendable stages, state of the art technologies, and the configurations were cryogenic and hypergolic propulsion systems, and manned and established by trade analysis. SDV concepts that are currently unmanned configurations. For all OTV confiigurations being investigated include: Shuttle Derived Cargo Vehicles (side mount and in line) and reusable liquid rocket boosters. Potential mission considered by NASA this study will address the requirements for applications and benefits will be examined in more depth for ground and space launch operations. This will include the identification of all new and/or modified launch site facilities and selected vehicle concepts or classes in FY-85, along with further definition of the vehicle concept(s), its capabilities, requirements equipment required for prelaunch activities, i.e., handling, build up, for on orbit propellant transportation, and requirements for test, checkout, integration and launch, all post launch activities to turnaround a reusable OTV and the manpower and cost associated implementation. Cost and schedule estimates will be made for with these activities. The study will pay particular attention to the configuration trades and selection. Phase B studies and advanced need for evaluating the current launch operation philosophy development efforts in FY-85 and FY-86 will identify the desired associated with similar vehicles and the need to be able to conduct vehicle configuration(s) and complete system and subsystem trade rapid turnaround with minimal personnel for this series of vehicles. studies in preparation for future procurement.

W85-70570 906-64-23 W85-70573 906-65-33 John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. WEATHER FORECASTING EXPERT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE PAYLOAD AND MISSION CAP- Tom Davis 305-867-3494 TURE ANALYSIS METHODOLOGIES AND SUPPORTING DATA The objective of this RTOP is to d_termine the dependency T. C. French 203-453-3467 of the Shuttle and Advanced Launch Vehicle launch and landing The objective is to develop a computer aided, interactive windows upon adequate forecasting of weather conditions for very capability to conduct comparative evaluations of advanced launch finite and specific time periods. The endemic climatological vehicles, orbital transfer vehicles, space station configurations, conditions at Kennedy Space Center are very unique due to the operational modes, fleet sizes, ground facilities, and other facets geographic location and frontal inter-actions. Forecasting specific of potential future NASA programs requiring various trade studies conditions for the area with respect to a unique launch or landing and analyses to identify the high payoff options from both user window requires an expertise built up over a long period of time accommodations and overall system cost effectiveness prospec- through experiencing actual conditions over the various seasonal tires. The comparative evaluations involve capturecost analyses fluctuations. Such expertise is constantly jeopardized through which are general phases that apply to the various analyses that personnel changes within the weather forecasting organization. can be conducted at different levels of detail. The approach has This project will capture the weather forecasting domain expertise been to develop the methodologies required to conduct capture/ of forecasters who have considerable experience in the KSC local cost analyses, procure and develop necessary computer hard- area. This expertise will be captured by incorporating the knowledge ware and software to implement the computer aided interactive in an expert system set of software. The extensive climatological system and to establish the data requirements necessary to support data gathering system that is currently in place at KSC can also the overall activity. Presently the system is in a state of develop- be assimilated by the expert system to provide the data base ment. Some of the system elements are further along in the upon which the expert system inference engine can make forecast development phase than others, and the interfaces between decisions. The prototype expert system will be exercised in real-time elements are in the process of being established. Hence, the by the weather forecasters to assist in forecasting and will be establishment of the particular data required, the associated data modified based on actual weather conditions vs forecasted formats and the computer data files will be developed in the follow conditions. up activity.

W85-70571 906-64-24 W85-70574 906-70-00 John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ROBOTICS HAZARDOUS FLUIDS LOADING/UNLOADING TETHER APPLICATIONS IN SPACE SYSTEM G.F. VonTiesenhausen 205-453-2789 R. M. Ferguson 305-867-3402 The objectives are to investigate the established five categories The objective of this RTOP is to study the loading and unloading of tether applications in space; transportation, constellation, of hazardous fluids such as hydrazine in connection with the Shuttle, electrodynamic interactions, gravity utilization, and technology and future launch vehicles, and spacecraft ground processing opera- test; to perform theoretical and engineering design feasibility tions (and in the future on-orbit operations). These operations are investigations of tether applications in space; to establish require- tedious, time consuming, require trained SCAPE specialists, and ments and the cost effective potential of concepts; to perform involve considerable risks to personnel as well as to the launch preliminary design and concept verification validity leading to proof vehicles and/or spacecraft in the event of spills or leaks. This of concept testing. Numerous tether applications are being project would develop leak-proof connectors, holding plates, robotic evaluated by several companies and academic groups (Martin- manipulation hardware, and control systems for accomplishing Denver, MIT, SAO) to decide which warrant continued study. Those these hazardous operations with a completely automated robotics selected will be more thoroughly examined, and an engineering system without requiring the intervention of any human personnel. design and cost benefit analysis will be performed.

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W85-70575 906.70-16 W65-70578 906.70-30 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. SHUTTLE TETHERED AEROTHERMODYNAMIC RESEARCH ELECTRODYNAMIC TETHER MATERIALS AND DEVICE DEVEL- FACILITY (STARFAC) OPMENT P. M. Siemers 804-865-3984 Robert Bercaw 216-433-6143 (506-63-37; 506-63-43; 506-51-13) (506-55-72) The conclusions from studies relative to the use of vehicle The objective of this effort is to develop and characterize aerodynamic forces generated during an atmospheric pass to electronic materials and devices needed to enhance currently achieve orbital plane changes have been that although there are planned electrodynamic tether experiments. This includes charac- no technology show stoppers, there are many aerodynamics related terization of plasma-pinhole interactions in insulated tethers, the technology challenges which must be solved. The objective of development of coatings for oxidation protection Qf tether insulation, the proposed research is to define the feasibility of accomplishing the development of high voltage components, and the development aerothermodynamic research in the rarefied upper atmosphere (90 of electron emission devices as requested in support of JSC. to 200 km) using in-situ measurements obtained from a tethered shuttle subsatellite of a tethered wind tunnel. The proposed.in-situ W65-70579 906-75-00 atmospheric data will support upper atmospheric aerothermodynam- Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ic technology programs as well as atmospheric science. The ORBITAL MANEUVERING VEHICLE feasibility of a tethered subsatellite has been demonstrated in the W. G. Huber 205-453-5311 literature. The proposed research will concentrate on the definition The objective of this effort is to provide the program definition of the subsatellite and its instrumentation, guidance and control, (Phase B) of the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV) and the and mission profile. The proposed system will maximize data development of planning and cost data to support the subsequent acquisition while minimizing the impact on orbiter operational hardware design and fabrication contract. In addition, this effort constraints. To accomplish atmospheric definition the instrumenta- will include supporting development activities in the rendezvous, tion will include accelerometers and a tether tensiometer. docking, remote control and servicing system/manipulator areas. Extensive in-house and contracted (Phase A) studies have built a sound base of potential applications for this system and have defined competing concepts for satisfying the requirements. Through the day-to-day management of the definition phase (Phase W85-70576 906-70-23 B), all segments of potential user interest/requirements will be Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. factored into a set of firm requirements supported by cost and APPLICATION OF TETHER TECHNOLOGY TO FLUID AND schedule data for initiation of the follow-on hardware phase. PROPELLANT TRANSFER Ken Kroll 713-483-5495 W85-70580 906-75-06 The objective of this effort is to examine the feasibility, design Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. requirements, operational limitations, cost and benefits of the TMS DEXTERITY ENHANCEMENT BY SMART HAND tethered orbital refueling concept. The approach is to use a A. K. Bejczy 213-354-4568 contracted effort that studies specific areas of concern while (506-54-65; 506-57-25) developing a preliminary design. The areas of concern that are to The general objective of this work is the development, testing be examined are fluid transfer methods, fluid sloshing, hazard and evaluation of a smart hand system integrated with the PFMA clearance, fluid/tether interaction, and operation of a propellant at MSFC to enhance the operational dexterity of the TMS in depot on the Space Station. These results for the preliminary performing manipulative tasks on a target body before and after design will then be compared to an alternate technique to determine relative cost and benefits. docking with the target. The smart hand system includes: (1) proximity, tactile and force sensing with associated electronics integrated with a suitable end effector mechanism; (2) man-machine interface devices and techniques required for an efficient smart hand operation; and (3) computer-aided controls for automation W85-70577 906-70-29 of some smart hand tasks. The development is planned in three Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. phases. Phase 1 covers the hand mechanism and control, ELECTRODYNAMIC TETHER: POWER/THRUST GENERATION force-torque sensor with graphics display and microcomputer system J. E. McCoy 713-483-5171 for control and data handling. Phase 2 will add proximity and The objectives are to: (1) calculate operating efficiency of grasp force sensing and control capability to the smart hand. Phase plasma-electric motor/generator systems, using experimental data 3 will add computer-based automation components to the smart on characteristics of large high-voltage structures immersed in hand in an interactive automatic/manual control mode. The specific plasma, (2) calculate dynamic stability of long flexible conductors FY-85 objectives are: complete Phase 1 smart hand development in Earth orbit, (3) measure coupling efficiency of prototype hollow at JPL; integrate and test Phase 1 smart hand at MSFC; and cathode plasma brushes, (4) define and breadboard a flight start Phase 2 smart hand design and development at JPL. The experiment needed to define calculated efficiencies and stabilities, design of TMS smart hand components will evolve from the sensor, (5) adapt dynamic stability simulations for real-time and acceler- control, display and man-machine interface designs developed or ated time mission simulation, training, and on-orbit stability under development at JPL within the base technology program augmentation control, and (6) assess cost/benefits of representa- for advanced teleoperator (telepresence) research. The total effort tive electrodynamic tether concepts. Existing knowledge of plasma is planned as a three-phase development. The control experiments current coupling between conducting structures in low Earth orbit will be defined and done jointly with MSFC personnel. Existing and the surrounding ionospheric plasma and geomagntic field will hardware and facility equipment at MSFC will be utilized to the be applied to calculate the performance and efficiency to be greatest extent possible. The JPL and MSFC parts of the joint expected from application of the resulting motor/generator effect effort will be defined in each separate test case. The scheduling to station keeping and attitude control of large orbital systems. will accommodate the general work schedule on the TMS at MSFC. Ground based and orbital flight tests necessary to verify the predicted performance values will be defined. Stability of the tether W85-70581 906.75-22 wire against perturbations will be analyzed, with emphasis on Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. excitation and damping of standing wave modes in realistic ORBITAL DEBRIS engineering models. Efforts will be coordinated with existing A. E. Potter 713-483-5039 scientific programs and with JSC engineering and flight operational The objective of this work is to define the current debris elements. population using existing sources of data and to forecast as

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accuratelyaspossibleitsfuturegrowthinordertopermittimely transfer. The second task will be accomplished through the adjustmentstospacecraftdesignandoperations.Theobjectiveis completion of the following analyses: ET disposal, ascent perfor- approachedbyobtainingandcompilingallexistingdatasouces mance analysis, attitude analysis, mission capability, and flight (e.g.,NORAD,ground-basedoptical,IRASdata,windowpitting), software assessment. The third task will involve a detailed study modellingthedatainorderto predictthecurrentenvironment, of the thermal and density stratification, which occurs in a low g andapplyingthemodeltospacecraftengineeringandoperations. environment, and how this impacts quantity gauging and pressure A key problem is the lack of data on debris that is less than cycling. 1 cm debris population at operational altitudes (200 to 500 km). This work will define and constrain the problem through modelling; W85-70586 906-75-59 a related, but separate flight project has been proposed to provide Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. data by in situ measurements. INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS W85-70582 906-75-23 Robert H. Brown 713-483-3458 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Significant technical advances have been achieved in the ADVANCED RENDEZVOUS AND DOCKING SENSOR computer graphics and computer generated imagery fields in the H. O. Erwin 713-483-3660 recent past which have tremendously improved the hardware The objective of this task is to develop, test, and evaluate a capabilities. Systems are now available which will allow real time small, lightweight, accurate laser based rendezvous and docking visibility into the analysis process. It is now feasible to expand sensor to satisfy the needs of a variety of spacecraft and missions. existing computational analysis capabilities through use of computer The RTOP scope will emphasize docking capability in the initial generated devices to allow real time evaluation of time critical development work. The docking sensor will measure the relative and man in the loop activities. Systems generating thousands of attitude, position, and velocity of the target vehicle with respect to 3 dimensional vectors with perspective and distance dimming in the chase vehicle. Only an array of three small optical reflectors real time (30 Hertz) are being made available on the graphics is required on the target vehicle. Greater range capability for system market. Modification of Firmware (micro-code) allows rendezvous can be added later. A modular design concept is implementation of special high speed processing and analysis of envisioned to provide flexibility in satisfying the rendezvous, data bases (objects) and functions. An example of such would be stationkeeping and docking requirements of different types of preliminary technique assessment in the on orbit rendezvous and spacecraft and missions. Under this task, a laboratory model of proximity operations phases as well as the RMS payload handling the sensor system will be fabricated and tested, providing the phase. Applications will be timelining, trajectory design, launch basis for the development of a spaceflight demonstration system. window analysis, consummables planning, systems and software The spaceflight demonstration system will be developed and tested design, flight safety issues, and real time mission support, as well in the FY-86-88 time frame for the Ice Breaker Program. as analysis and evaluation of the Tele Maneuvering System (TMS), Satellite Servicing, Tether Operations, Cargo Bay Crew Activities, W85-70583 906-75-41 and Space Station Activities. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. TELEPRESENCE WORK STATION W85-70587 906-80-11 Lyle M. Jenkins 713-483-4407 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. The objective is to develop a preliminary design of the DATA AND SOFTWARE COMMONALITY ON ORBITAL Telepresence Work Station (TWS) with options for evaluation and PROJECTS utilization of technology development items. The TWS is a system H. E. Smith 713-483-4281 composed of base supporting one or more dexterous manipulators The objective of this effort is to explore and establish an controlled by an operator in the Orbiter cabin. The TWS includes approach toward commonality and standardization across NASA lighting, TV, and other sensors to develop telepresence capability orbital flight projects which reduces the development risks and for the operator. A contracted study will develop the preliminary costs of ownership of software and data systems. The effort design. Inhouse testing and simulation as well as intercenter contact involves the creation of a generic avionics design and a set of will be used to incorporate technology developments and compo- standards and policies covering software and system implementa- nents in the preliminary design. tion. The effort is applicable to all advanced programs, especially those directly related to the Space Operations Systems. There W85-70584 906-75-50 are elements of the effort directly applicable to Space Station l-yndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. which are already sponsored under the end-to-end information SATELLITE SERVICING PROGRAM PLAN systems effort. This particular effort will focus on non-Space Station Gordon Rysavy 713-483-4407 Systems and the integration of the products across all flight systems The objective of this RTOP is to develop a program plan for efforts. the orderly development of STS and Space Station based satellite servicing equipment and associated servicing interfaces, consider- W85-70588 906-80-13 ing need, cost, cost benefits, technological readiness, and other Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. prioritizing factors which may be identified. AUTOMATED SOFTWARE (ANALYSIS/EXPERT SYSTEMS) DEVELOPMENT WORK STATION W85-70585 906.75-52 Robert H. Brown 713-483-4676 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. Two stated goals of NASA are: (1) Establish NASA as a leader OPERATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PROPELLANT SCAVENGING in the development and applications of advanced technology that AND CRYO STORAGE contribute to significant increase in agency and national productivity Tim Cleghorn 713-483-3278 and (2) demonstrate the appliction of Automation in terms of The objectives of this RTOP are to accomplish the following AI/Expert Systems application in manned spaceflight. Software tasks. (1) define the characteristics of cryogenic transfer from an development with today's technology will continue to be an ever operational and utilization approach; (2) perform a flight design increasing percentage of the total program cost and will become assessment of the ET propellant scavenging concept and identify the single most critical schedule driver. There are two types of incompatibilities and/or trade offs between requirements and software that are required in future programs (1) analyses programs, operations; (3) develop a working model of cryogen behavior under primarily mathematical and (2) decision making software in terms long term zero g storage conditions. The approach to the first of expert systems. Present technique for development of analysis task will be parametric in nature. Low g transfer will be studied to programs are inadequate for future programs and productivity must examine a correlation between thrust level, transfer rate, and be increased by two orders of magnitude. The expertise for timeline. Fluid properties will be assessed before, during and after developing Expert Systems resides primarily with the academic

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communityandthecostpersystemdevelopmentisunacceptable. requirements will be developed, and the tools and techniques Significantreductionsmustbemadeandaninhouseexpertise needed will be studied and classified. After this, solutions in the developed.Finally,thetwotypes of software must be made to form of new tools and techniques will be developed and ground play together. The objective of the efforts is to demonstrate a tested. Those that prove feasible will be proposed for flight 10 fold increase in the production of software and to demonstrate development and for application to the Space Station as well as the capability of one year. the other space systems.

W85-70589 906-80-14 SPACE STATION PROGRAM Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. SPACECRAFT APPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED GLOBAL POSI- OFFICE TIONING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY J. F. Pawlowski 713-483-4647 Space Station Focused Technology The Global Positioning System (GPS) is capable of highly accurate spacecraft navigation and is baselined in this role in W85-70592 482-50-22 future spacecraft designs. A class of GPS techniques can be Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. defined separate from those used in the classical navigation RESlSTOJET TECHNOLOGY function. The GPS can be further applied to address issues in the R. E. Jones 216-433-6233 design of future spacecraft, other than simple navigational (506-55-22; 481-25-22) requirements. Research is proposed which investigates the The overall objective is to define and provide resistojet thruster potential of the GPS to function as an input sensor to spacecraft system technology for Space Station. Selection of propellants systems required to provide the following services: (1) attitude for the thruster will be based on Space Station System studies. control and pointing; (2) timebase; (3) structure control; (4) traffic Candidate propellants include hydrogen, hydrazine, and environ- control. Initial investigations into these techniques are performed mental control system fluids such as methane, water, nitrogen, during Orbiter GPS requirements definition efforts. Although these and carbon dioxide. Laboratory model thrusters will be used to areas appear to have potential application to future spacecraft, determine performance, lifetime, and effluent characteristics. A no further work is planned in support of the Space Shuttle Program. subsequent effort will be directed at developing the technology The general approach of this RTOP will be to extend these for an advanced system capable of improved performance. concepts toward system descriptions by feasibility study, require- ments/performance analysis, and spacecraft implementation W85-70593 482-52-21 proposal. Ames Research" Center, Moffett Field, Calif. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE W85-70590 906.90-03 Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. (199-22-62; 505-35-11; 506-57-21) GEOSTATIONARY PLATFORMS To insure high levels of crew productivity over extended tours R. H. Durrett 205-453-2792 onboard the space station, an integrated approach to the determi- The purpose of this RTOP is for the office of space flight nation of work station and habitability needs for effective human (OSF) portion of a joint OSF/OSSA program primarily to enable behavior and performance, and the prescription of guidelines to effective aggregation of space communication payloads to enhance satisfy those needs is required. Previous work in aviation human the arc/spectrum resource and, secondarily, to pursue alternative factors shows that work station performance, particularly perfor- ways to enhance STS operations at geosynchronous orbit. The mance that is heavily dependent on information transfer, is strongly guiding overall NASA objectives of this program will be to ensure subject to the influence of non-work-station parameters, such as continued preeminence of the U.S. in space technology and to those associated with habitability and intracrew interactions. Using fully exploit the STS. A four phase program is to be pursued, with mockups of selected work station and other habitable space station the OSF responsibility being in the bus/transportation and related volumes, research will be conducted to evaluate the interacting space operations areas. The first phase will: establish validity of effects of display/control designs and habitability parameters on payload aggregation; identify critical technologies and support work station tasks and non-work-station behavior. Concepts for capabilities; and identify and scope U.S. industry/NASA's role in work station design and operation based on perception and enabling the required technology and provision of platform cognition research, particularly associated with proximity operations, operational support. The second phase will define industry/NASA will be tested in a mission context involving coordination with roles, NASA's program content, and program resources required other activities, such as EVA servicing, and leisure and meal to establish enabling technology. Critical technology development oriented activities. The effects of variations in habitability parame- will be initiated. The third phase will be to design required ters, such as volume and window design, on performance and experimental mission(s) and flight system(s) concepts necessary behavior will be evaluated. to establish enabling technologies. Proof of concept technoiogy development will be complete. Finally, the fourth phase will be to W85-70594 482-52-25 develop experimental systems as required and to conduct experi- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. ment mission operations. MULTIFUNCTIONAL SMART END EFFECTOR A. K. Bejczy 818-354-4568 W85-70591 906-90-22 (506-57-22; 506-57-25; 481-57-25) Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. The general objective of this work is to establish the technology MAJOR REPAIR OF STRUCTURES IN AN ORBITAL ENVIRON- readiness in the 1987 to 1988 time frame for an advanced MENT teleoperator flight experiment in support of space station operations J. K. Harrison 205-453-2795 and involving the use of an integrated multifunctional end effector, The objective of this research is to develop the capability to tool, sensor, control and display system. A key element of this perform major structural repair work on damaged space systems. general objective is the development of an efficient human operator To define the requirements for tools, techniques, logistics, and interface to the system including automation aids, as expressed special equipment needed for such operations as welding, grinding, in the major thrusts of the space human factors development shaping, forming, cutting, riveting, and bonding in an orbital plan. The FY-85 objectives are: (1) overall task analysis and environment. To identify candidate methods for accomplishing the requirements development taking into account space station various tasks on orbit. To develop, through analysis, design, and operations in the initial configuration and in relation to the space testing, the prototype hardware and techniques for these mainte- shuttle; (2) development and evaluation of system design alterna- nance and repair activities. The classes of repair work, i.e., welding, tives; (3) development of system mechanization concept design drilling, grinding, etc., will be defined, the likely repair jobs or including automation aids and human operator interface. This

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focused technology and advanced development effort will build A two-fold experimental and modeling approach will be established. on previous R & D work and results in this area at JPL and will This approach will combine flight exposure experiments with ground be coordinated with ongoing efforts at other NASA centers, in based experiments on the same materials. Flight exposure particular at JSC and at MSFC. The development effort will lead aboard shuttle will be preceded and followed by specific spectros- to the demonstration of a prototype ground system and to the copic analyses of the erosion production at the surface and in engineering specifications of a flight experiment system to be the bulk. The ground based experiment will be carried out by carried on the space shuttle. The prototype system will be built using continuous wave and pulsed oxygen atom beam of similar for a one arm teleoperator but in a way that it can be extended flux and energy to those observed in the low Earth orbit. Fast or reconfigured for a two arm teleoperator system carried on the optical and electron paramagnetic resonance detecting as- shuttle, on the OMV or on the space station itself. semblies will be used for sensitive monitoring of key primary transients and intermediate degradation products. W85-70595 482-52-29 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. ORBITAL EQUIPMENT TRANSFER AND ADVANCED ORBITAL W85-70599 482-53-27 SERVICING TECHNOLOGY • Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. A. Quinn 205-453-0080 SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON MATERIALS AND Requirements for servicing and other operations external to DURABLE SPACE MATERIALS the space station, including experiments which are free flying or Lubert J. Leger 713-483-2059 attached, will be defined. Techniques for manual transfer of The objectives of these studies center around improving equipment to and from the space station will be developed. Tools durability of currently available space materials and to develop and crew aids for EVA tasks will be defined and demonstrated material concepts which will be durable to atomic oxygen, Space via simulation techniques. Approaches for servicing OMV common material durability studies will concentrate in three areas: (1) modules, MSFC-responsible laboratory modules and logistics chemical conversion coatings; (2) silver Teflon concepts; and (3) modules will be evaluated and tools and procedures will be defined. graphite epoxy structural tube tape layup. For the chemical Ground and in-flight experiments will be conducted to verify conversion process, the range of application of surface treatments techniques and equipment selections. (anodizing and alodining) needs to be expanded and developed to result in desired optical properties. Silver Teflon application W85-70596 482-53-22 techniques and processes have to be developed to improve the Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. system integrity and durability. Promising techniques include LUBRICANT COATINGS vacuum deposition of silver directly onto a substrate and overcoat- W. R. Loomis 216-433-3147 ing Teflon in a fluidized bed process to a suitable thickness. The objectives of this RTOP are to select, optimize and evaluate Another promising technique is co-curing a thermal control and coatings required for use in components for efficient transfer of atomic oxygen protective coating during fabrication and tape layup mechanical power in space station applications and long-life of the graphite epoxy structural tubes for the space station. Also, coatings for latch-down mechanisms, bearings, cams, etc. The substrates for solar arrays will be developed which are durable to lubricant formulations must be optimized, coatings developed to atomic oxygen. Flight experiments to define the mechanisms afford surface protection, and lubricants identified to provide low involved and obtain oxidative rate data will be proposed. friction, low wear, and low volatility in space.

W8S-70597 482-53-23 W85-70600 482-53-29 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. LONG TERM SPACE EXPOSURE SPACE DURABLE MATERIALS C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 J. W. Massey 205-453-1290 (506-53-23) Develop the materials technology required to support the The objective of this research is to develop long-life thermal conception and development of the Space Station. The plan will control coatings for composite structures that are resistant to demonstrate technology readiness by CY-87 for space durable atomic oxygen, solar UV, and thermal cycling in the space station materials. The work defined by this plan will be performed as orbital environment. Emphasis is placed on coatings that will have follows: development and characterization of durable coatings with low solar absorptance and emittance and can be applied to consideration of the effects of atomic oxygen environment; composite tubes. These coatings will also serve to protect the exposure of active and passive experiment modules in a flight substrate composite materials from degradation due to atomic experiment for confirmation of technology readiness; development oxygen. Coating concepts to be evaluated include sputter deposited of Space Station contamination control criteria and methods of metallic/oxide layered coatings, coated teflon films to be applied evaluation including the characterizing and modeling of flow during composite fabrication, and anodized aluminum foils that phenomena; definition of lubrication requirements and documenta- would be placed on composite tubes during fabrication or adhesiv- tion of lubrications/systems evaluation; development and evaluation ely bonded to finish tubes. Coatings will b4 applied to composite of on-orbit joining, bonding, sealing techniques for Space Station tubes and subjected to a series of qualification tests to evaluate elements; and development of on-orbit repair materials and performance and durability. The most promising concept will be techniques for module and structural elements. The goal of this scaled up to demonstrate feasibility of coatings structures expected program is to develop, demonstrate, and document the required to be used on the space station. materials technology for use in the development, design, fabrication, and operation of the Space Station. W85-70598 482-53-25 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. OXYGEN ATOM RESISTANT COATINGS FOR GRAPHITE- W85-70601 482-53-43 EPOXY TUBES FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. R. H. Liang 818-354-6314 ERECTABLE SPACE STRUCTURES (481-53-25) C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 The principal objective is to evaluate the effects of energetic The objective is develop erectable truss structure construction oxygen atoms on candidate thermal control coatings and coated procedures to a point where a rational assessment of their surfaces in order to assess their durability in a low Earth orbit application to space station can be made. Candidate graphite/ environment for application in the space station. A further objective epoxy tube designs will be evaluated to determine their suitability is to develop selection criteria for thermal control coatings based for use as space station primary structure and to build a multi-bay on a model of long term degradation of these coating materials. component for use in testing a mobile remote manipulator system.

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W85-70602 482-53-47 mechanism. The effects of subsystem failures will also be LyndonB.JohnsonSpaceCenter,Houston,Tex. evaluated. An additional objective is to develop a math model DEPLOYABLETRUSSSTRUCTURE which accurately reflects the contact forces produced by the RMS W.C.Schneider713-483-3076 while performing berthing, assembly, or servicing tasks. This closed TheprincipalobjectiveofthisRTOPistodevelopa large, load path/constrained motion model is required to accurately stiff,planarareatrussstructurethatcan be folded and packaged represent the mechanical interface dynamics of a berthing device for transport in the Shuttle payload bay and automatically deployed while under RMS control. to its full planar area with a minimum astronaut assistance. The principal concept to be developed is that of large tetrahedral planar W85-70606 482-5EP42 truss containing structural members with foldable joints and energy Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. storage mechanisms, and can be preloaded after deployment to SPACE STATION PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY CONVERSION eliminate joint tolerance and to stiffen the structure. The principal C. R. Baraona 216-433-5358 tasks are to: develop the specially designed foldable joints and The objective is to demonstrate pilot production of 8x8 cm energy mechanisms; construct kinematic models to verify the infrared transparent silicon solar cells which will lower array strength and dynamic characteristics of the truss; develop practical operating temperature and increase power output in orbit. The deployment and packaging designs compatible with use of the approach will be to have a contractor optimize the gridded back Orbiter as a transportation vehicle and deployment platform; contact cell and the production process to obtain cell performance, determine the optimum design parameters as a function of size throughout, and yield to satisfy space station requirements. and stiffness requirements; evaluate manufacturing and material options for joints and truss members; demonstrate by ground testing W85-70607 482-55-49 the practicality and performance of the system; and propose Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. appropriate flight experiments and demonstrations. SILICON ARRAY DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTIVE COAT- INGS W85-70603 482-53-48 M. R. Carruth, Jr. 205-453-4275 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. The objective of this RTOP is to provide the focused technol- DEPLOYABLE TRUSSES FOR SPACE STATION ogy development necessary to provide state-of-the-art photovolta- E. E. Engler 205-453-3950 ics for the space station. Because the low risk fall back position Develop the structures and materials technology required to for the space station will be utilization of a planar solar array, support the conception and development of the Space Station. development of an advanced planar array to increase efficiency The plan will demonstrate technology readiness by CY-87 in the and lower cost will be performed. Several areas of development following areas: assembly in space, environmental protection, will be pursued. They are back grid contact cells and superstrate damage assessment and repair. The work defined by this plan array blanket design and development of protective coatings for will be performed as follows: development, demonstration; and solar array materials. Solar cell modules will be designed and test of space assembly methods and associated hardware for fabricated for various performance testing. A solar array modular assembly of Space Station modules; development and test of wing design will be produced and full size panels fabricated and integral wall designs and penetration damage studies. The goal of tested to evaluate design. Protective coatings will be evaluated this program is to develop, demonstrate, and document the required and a data base generated through ground testing. technology for use in the development, design, fabrication, and operation of the Space Station. W85-70608 482-55-52 Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. W85-70604 482-53-53 SPACE STATION CHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. STORAGE ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS/SCALE MODEL STUDY C. R. Baraona 216-433-5358 C. P. Blankenship 804-865-2042 The objective is to demonstrate the technology readiness of New analytical methods applicable to deployment and robotic the alkaline EMS and to extend the life endurance testing and manipulation will be investigated. Specifically, a computer program performance data base. The approach is to design, build, and for flexible-body deployment and robotic arm manipulation will be test a prototype alkaline regenerative fuel cell with 10 kW nominal developed. A scaled structural dynamics model of a space station power level that is 55% efficient and has a lifetime of more than will be developed and constructed and the feasibility and limitations 20,000 hours. of testing such a model will be established. A feasibility study to establish limitations and benefits of the pathfinder model will be W85-70609 482-55-62 the first task. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. SPACE STATION THERMAL-TO-ELECTRIC CONVERSION W85-70605 482-53-57 A. F. Forestieri 216-433-6786 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. The objective is to develop analytic codes and model the SPACE STATION/ORBITER DOCKING/BERTHING EVALUA- performance of solar dynamic power systems, to solve the critical TION technology issues of concentrators, and to evaluate heat storage J.K. Hinson 713-483-2561 materials and receiver designs. Analytic codes will be provided (506-64-27) and validated with actual solar dynamic performance data. Several The overall objective of the effort described in this RTOP is 12 to 18 meter diameter concentrators will be developed and to define, through rigorous analyses and simulations, the mechan- elements will be fabricated and tested. Heat receiver test capsule ism design requirements and proximity operations procedures for data will be determined and two heat receivers will be designed, docking or berthing the orbiter to the Space Station. The docking fabricated, and tested. and berthing processes will be evaluated using the Payload Deployment and Retrieval Systems Simulation (PORSS), the Shuttle W85-70610 482-55-72 Engineering Simulator (SES), and other existing simulations as Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. required. Simulations will include dynamic modeling of the Remote AUTOMATED POWER SYSTEM CONTROL Manipulator System (RMS)and the Space Station Reference M. E. Valgora 216-433-6983 Configuration, plume impingement effects, and orbiter systems. The objective is to develop a methodology, control laws, and The final approach of the orbiter to contact of docking interfaces models for automated operation of a large complex space station or RMS grapple and maneuvering to contact of berthing interfaces power system. The approach will be to develop automated power will be simulated. The output will be boundary conditions (contact control and sensing techniques to minimize intervention by velocities and misalignments) for design of the docking/berthing ground-based personnel of space station crew. Concepts to enable

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automated control, such as state estimation, will be developed so W85-70615 482-56-87 as to be applicable to high voltage ac as well as dc systems. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. THERMAL MANAGEMENT FOCUSED TECHNOLOGY FOR W85-70611 482-55-75 SPACE STATION Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. J. G. Rankin 713-483-4941 POWER SYSTEM CONTROL AND MODELLING The objective of this RTOP effort is to develop thermal P. C. Theisinger 818-354-6094 control technology required to specifically support manned Space The objective is to develop the LeRC Space Station power Station applications. Effort will be directed toward developing system. Two tasks are proposed. These are: (1) Automated Power technology that satisfies the unique Space Station thermal System Control (LeRC UPN No. 481-20-05-03), and (2) Power management requirements of evolutionary growth, long life heat system Modeling (LeRC UPN no. 481-20-42-02) Automated Power rejection, and user friendly thermal acquisition and transport. In System Control: The general objective for this area is to develop the area of heat rejection, concepts will be developed for: (1) candidate power system autonomy implementations, including constructing radiators in space; (2) high capacity heat pipe designs processes, sensors and controls. Power System Modeling: The for radiator or other thermal control applications; and (3) gimbaled general objective for this area is to develop an integrated modeling or minimum environment seeking radiator systems to minimize and simulation tool which incorporates candidate Space Station radiator size and reduce sensitivity to thermal coating degradation power system technologies and is capable of performing conceptual from prolonged solar exposure. In the area of thermal acquisition and preliminary design modeling and simulation. The approaches and transport, a thermal bus will be developed to demonstrate are as follows: Automated Power System Control; the approach the merits and limitations of this user friendly heat transport design. in this area is to review existing autonomy technology, to develop Also, design techniques will be developed for efficient coupling top level power system autonomy requirements, to design candidate and decoupling of heat loads from the bus, and transferring heat autonomy implementations based upon the requirements, to identify into and out of the bus. critical enabling or enhancing technologies required by the implementations, and to develop the technologies equipped based W85-70616 482-56-89 upon the existing technology assessment. Power System Modeling; Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. the approach in this area is to review existing models and simulation MANNED MODULE THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS software, to define the required modeling and simulation function J. W. Owen 205-453-5503 and the architecture that imposes, to identify areas of required The objective of this RTOP is to develop the technology for upgrade or missing technology, and to develop and integrate the high capacity thermal storage, low power consuming refrigeration required models and simulation software. and freezers, and integral structural radiator systems for Space Station over a three-year period. Technology demonstration will W85-70612 482-55-77 be accomplished in a test bed environment. The effectiveness of Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. body mounted radiators will be imperically derived. Control concepts REGENERATIVE FUEL CELL (RFC) COMPONENT DEVELOP- for these radiators will be developed and scale demonstrations MENT ORBITAL ENERGY STORAGE AND POWER SYSTEMS made. Thermal storage/heat transport system studies will be made J. Dale Denais 713-483-2783 to optimize location of storage devices. Requirements for Space (506-55-57) Station refrigeration system will be developed and potential The objective of this research and development effort is to application of current cryogenic sytems will be evaluated. advance the fuel cell and electrolysis components to a 40,000-hour plus life. Components refers to the accessory section (pumps, W85-70617 482-57-13 valves, regulators, etc.) and not the electrochemical cells which Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. make up the fuel cell and electrolysis stacks. The approach is to SPACE STATION CONTROL AND GUIDANCE/INTEGRATED develop the acid and the alkaline RFC concepts for usage as the CONTROL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS energy storage system in Space Station. Both of these concepts L. W. Taylor 804-865-4591 require research, design development and/or testing to demonstr- The objective is to develop the control and display design ate reliability and long life. techniques for integrated multi-disciplinary analysis to enable trades to be performed more efficiently. The space station configuration W85-70613 482-55-79 of loosely coupled modules will result in a highly flexible vehicle Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. having several structural modes within the bandwidth of the control AUTOMATED POWER MANAGEMENT system. Therefore, the interaction of the control system and D. J. Weeks 205-453-4952 structure requires close examination to identify design shortcom- The objective of this RTOP is to provide the focused technol- ings and to rectify them either through design or vehicle configura- ogy development necessary to provide automation of the distribu- tion changes to insure mission success. The approach will involve tion, management, and control of the common module electrical using high speed data networking systems to develop integrated power system for Space Station. Automation evaluations shall be capability between configuration, structures and control analyses, conducted to determine areas and extent appropriate for applica- and synthesis software. Design studies will be conducted and tions. Expert rule systems shall be developed and appropriate optimal space station configurations will be developed. These tools automated power management hardware and software shall result will also facilitate the support of other space station studies. as products of this effort. Control approaches to satisfy the control requirements associated with a large, highly flexible manned space station will be designed W85-70614 482-56-86 and evaluated with special attention to attitude maneuvering and Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. highly flexible multi-module spacecraft with a large variety of SPACE ENERGY CONVERSION - TWO PHASE HEAT ACQUISI- mission requirements. TION AND TRANSPORT FOR SPACE STATION USERS Stanford OIlendorf 301-344-5228 W85-70618 482-57-39 The objectives are to develop and test two-phase radiators, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. heat transport systems, controls and devices which transfer heat ADVANCED CONTROLS AND GUIDANCE CONCEPTS across boundaries and are unique to space station users. The H. Buchanan 205-453-4582 approach is as follows: (1) to build and test heat exchangers, (506-57-39) radiators, and flexible heat pipes at the breadboard level; (2) to The objective of this RTOP is to develop specific technology develop algorithm for maintenance and control of two-phase heat which will support the Space Station: adaptive rigid body control transport system; and (3) to verify overall performance operation for an evolving station; non-contracting slip rings; and state of a capillary pumped, two-phase acquisition system. electro-optical sensors. The techniques and devices developed

98 SPACE STATION PROGRAM OFFICE willbecomepartof an integratedtechnologydemonstration software products from this Goddard RTOP will be tested in an program.Forcontrollingthetime-varyingsystem,anadaptive integrated manner using the Data System Test Bed being devel- schemerelyingonfiltersandgaincoefficientsdeterminedasa oped at the Johnson Space Center under the Space Station function of measured system geometry will be examined. Simulation Advanced Development Program. Testing will be conducted by and stability analysis techniques will be used to determine physical transportation of components or by setting up remote performance. For non-contacting slip-ring application, a state-of- communication links. the-art optical data link providing two-way signal transfer at high rates will be designed and built. The development of a solid state electro-optical device will proceed from recent advances in charge W85-70622 482-58-17 injection devices technology and will include a focal plane device Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tax. adaptable to a number of Space Station related applications. DATA SYSTEMS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Edgar Dalke 713-483-2851 W85-70619 482-58-11 The objectives of Task I are to provide analysis, definition, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. and development of a modularly structured end-to-end information EXTENDED NETWORK ANALYSIS and data network HW/SW system which supports automated and H. Lum 415-965-6544 interactive operations. The space vehicle's HW/SW data system (506-58-11 ) approach should support the needs imposed by remote and local The objective is to extend RTOP 506-58-11, Advanced multi-discipline users. The data system approach shall allow Technology for Spaceborne Information Systems, both in the technology evolution and support in-space integration and verifica- level-of-effort and in scope to support evaluation of detailed data tion. The development methodology builds upon the international network designs and development. The simulation is extended Standards Organization/Open Systems interconnect (ISO/OSI) from the lower four layers of the International Standards reference model and distributed relational data base management Organization (ISO) reference model to provide models from the technology. Its emphasis will be to structure and specify control- top application layer on down for local area networks. led software interface levels for network and executive operating systems, and to establish standards and policies which would insure W85-70620 482-58-13 cost-effective integration of user/vehicle requirements. Another Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. objective of this effort is cooperating with the DoD in their request SPACE DATA TECHNOLOGY for NASA participation in their field test efforts with Ada, and, in Harry F. Benz 804-865-3535 support of NASA Headquarters to produce a plan for agency (505-34-13; 506-58-13; 505-37-13; 505-37-23) transition to the Ada technologies in future NASA projects. The The objective of this focused technology effort is to exploit objective of task 2 is to test and evaluate the software technology electronics related technologies for enhanced data management products being produced by the DoD (Department of Defense) capabilities on space station. Specific areas of technology to be under the name Ada. These products will be evaluated for their investigated include fiber optics transceiver modules, control/ suitability for use in the development and maintenance of software display interfaces, software fault tolerance and Ada software applicable to the end-to-end information and data network system applications to distributed systems. Incorporation of Very High described in task 1. Technology products associated with both of Speed Integrated circuits VHSIC and hardware fault tolerance these tasks will be developed and examined for proof-of-concept technology will be carried out as appropriate. Theoretical and inthe data management system testbed. experimental research activities will be conducted both in house and under contract to develop concepts and technologies to a point of practical space application. Synergism with on going W85-70623 482-58-18 research and technology base data management activities will be John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. maintained in order to promote maximum incorporation of promising SPACE STATION OPERATIONS LANGUAGE concepts in those areas. Focused technology activities will be Jan Heuser 305-867-4074 aimed at meeting FY-1987 readiness dates for space station The Space Station Operations Language (SSOL) is an English- utilization. Like user interface via which crew members as well as engineers and scientists may communicate with the Space Station or Payload W85-70621 482-58-16 system. It will be used for procedures or real-time commanding Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. and for supporting integration test and operations on the ground SPACE STATION CUSTOMER DATA SYSTEM FOCUSED TECH- or on-board. The approach encompasses the definition and NOLOGY refinement of user, functional, and interface requirements for the H. Plotkin 301-344-6218 SSOL and its associated software environment. This task has The objective of this Space Station Focused Technology RTOP been approved as a Space Station Program Budget Line Item is to develop technology and perform system evaluations for an (Ref. SSOL DEF UPN 481-10, KSC #PT-031). end-to-end system which satisfies unique customer requirements. The system must accommodate high data rates from a large variable set of spaceborne sources and interfaces. It must permit W85-70624 482-59-23 real time interactive display and control from a distributed network Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. of terminals, both on the ground and in space and it must generate SPACE COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY/ANTENNA VOLU- and provide access to data bases, archives and ancillary data. METRIC ANALYSIS The tasks associated with Spaceborne Data Systems Elements W. D. Mace 804-865-3631 are directed toward achieving the required performance in fiber The objective is to develop the analytical techniques required optic networks, payload interfaces and protocols, bus interface to accurately predict the performance of the space station units and gateways, network operating systems and user in- communications and tracking systems antennas, including the terface languages. Several tasks in the area of Ground Network effects of the complex space station structures, operating from Data System Elements will develop, evaluate and demonstrate UHF into the millimeter frequency range. Three-dimensional new concepts in distributed data operations, data storage, archiving analytical models of complex space station structures will be and retrieval, software tools and methodologies, user interface developed, deficiencies in SOA antenna performance prediction technology and high speed telemetry processing. Laboratories will techniques for space station applications will be identified and be assembled in which breadboards of advanced technology extensions will be made to these techniques to satisfy space station elements may be tested and evaluated in a system environment. prediction requirements. Antenna pattern coverage must be They will also be used for verifying compatibility of selected accurately known for all communications and tracking services customer hardware, software and procedures. Hardware and required between the space station and other space vehicles.

99 SPACESTATIONPROGRAMOFFICE

W85-70625 482-59-27 materials technology. These technologies will be demonstrated LyndonB.Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. and tested in fully functional space suit configurations. SPACE STATION COMMUNICATION AND TRACKING TECH- NOLOGY W85-70629 482-61-47 Kumar Krishen 713-483-5518 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. The objective is to develop microwave and optical communica- EVA SUITTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT tions and tracking systems technology for the space station aimed R. E. Mayo 713-483-4931 at: (1) reducing space station operational constraints and the This RTOP is in direct support of the space station development risk/cost of operations; (2) providing lower cost alternatives to program and reflects the recommendations made by the Crew present technology; and (3) developing technology needed for and Life Support Working Group to the OAST Space Station cost-effective modular growth of the space station. The program Technology Steering Committee. The objectives are to develop is focused on advanced antenna, multi-access system, infrared the focused technology base for extravehicular space suit and life (IR) and laser communications, laser and millimeter wave ranging/ support system in support of a 1991 space station initial oper- tracking systems, and advanced television technology. The ational capability. These objectives are directed to provide higher approach is to establish requirements, perform analytical studies/ operating pressure Extravehicular Mobility Unit configuration computer simulations, develop conceptual designs, and breadboard concepts that incorporate regenerable subsystems, on-orbit the most feasible designs. A tradeoff of the technology implementa- astronaut space suit resizing, and extended operating life to reduce tions is then performed to yield the most cost-effective subsystem. EVA timeline, simplify crewmember procedures, and increase Designs for multi-use antenna, IR intravehicular communications, productivity. and laser docking system were developed in FY-84. Partial breadboarding was also accomplished for the IR communication W85-70630 482-64-30 and laser docking systems. The plan for FY-85 is to initiate Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. breadboard development in the antenna area, continue laser EVA PORTABLE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY) system development, initiate breadboard development for advanced R. E. Mayo 713-483-4931 TV, and develop design for the multi-access system. This RTOP is in direct support of the Space Station develop- ment program and reflects the recommendations made by the W85-70626 482-60-22 Crew and Life Support Working Group to the OAST Space Station Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Technology Steering Committee. The objectives are to develop the focused technology base for extravehicular space suit and life ADVANCED H/O TECHNOLOGY support system in support of a 1991 Space Station Initial Oper- Robert E. Jones 216-433-4000 ational Capability. These objectives are directed to provide higher The objective of this effort is to provide advanced hydrogen/ operating pressure extravehicular mobility unit (EMA) configuration oxygen thrustor technology for onboard propulsion applications concepts that incorporate regenerable subsystems, on orbit including: space station, space platforms, spacecraft and vehicle astronaut space suit resizing, and extended operating life to reduce auxiliary propulsion. The accomplishment of this objective will EVA timeline, simplify crewmember procedures, and increase provide the Agency with auxiliary propulsion components and/or productivity. systems that meet both performance and life goals. Successful accomplishments will also minimize propulsion system propellant W85-70631 482-64-31 requirements and provide for minimum contamination of the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. spacecraft and associated scientific instruments. PLATFORM SYSTEMS/LIFE SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY J. C. Sharp 415-965-5100 W85-70627 482-60-29 (506-64-31 ) Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. The objective of this program is to develop critical crew and ADVANCED AUXILIARY PROPULSION life support technology for the initial operating capability (IOC) L. W. Jones 205-453-0709 and growth space station. This technology includes: air revitalization The overall objective of the work described herein is to advance system integration; Bosch carbon dioxide reduction; chemical and the technology based for low chamber pressure, gaseous oxygen/ biological contaminant control; nitrogen supply subsystem; and gaseous hydrogen propulsion systems applicable to the Space supercritical water waste oxidation. Station. The specific activityaddressed in this RTOP is the definition of concepts for extracting and utilizing the waste heat rejected by W85-70632 482-64-37 the Space Station thermal control system to condition the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex. propellants. This work will be accomplished by a combination of FOCUSED TECHNOLOGY FOR SPACE STATION LIFE SUPPORT analytical studies and experimental investigations as appropriate. SYSTEMS F. H. Samonski 713-483-4823 W85-70628 482-61-41 This RTOP is in direct support of the Space Station develop- Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. ment program. It reflects the recommendations made by the Crew SPACE STATION FOCUSED TECHNOLOGY EVA SYSTEMS/ and Life Support Working Group to the OAST Space Station ADVANCED EVA OPERATING SYSTEMS Technology Steering Committee and is consistent with the Space Joseph C. Sharp 415-965-5100 Station POP 84-2 submissions. The objectives are to secure a (506-64-31; 481-33-21) mature regenerative life support technology base for an early 1990's The objective of this program is to advance the technology Space Station Initial Operational capability and to provide backup base for advanced extravehicular systems required to support long technology readiness in regenerative life support. The activities term space missions. The program objective includes technology pursued under this RTOP are to be directed at process develop- to support initial space station EVA operations and future space ments for the functions of atmosphere revitalization and water station growth. Advanced extravehicular systems must provide for reclamation/waste management, and the development of the efficient and routine EVA capability. The program emphasis will control and monitor instrumentation related to these processes. be placed on technology areas that provide: no prebreathing requirement; improved hardware performance; increased hardware and system life; hazard protection; reduced manufacturing, maintenance and operations costs. The specific technology areas in this RTOP include: improved multiple bearing joint systems, hazard protection, including thermal, debris, ionization radiation, static charge buildup and sharp corners; manufacturing and

100 SUBJECT INDEX

RTOP SUMMARY FISCAL YEAR 1985

Typical Subject Index Listing

[mPTIONSUBJECTI HEADING I

AUnespt_ic Photochemis_ 147-22-02 W85-70286

ACCESSION Containariess Processing ADAPTIVE CONTROL NUMBER 179-80-30 W85-70378 Automation Systems Research ACOUSTIC VELOCITY 506.54-63 W85-70164 Containarless Studies o1 Nucleation and Undercooling: Spacecraft Controls and Guidance A title is used to provide a more exact description Physical Properties of Undercooted Melts and 506-57-13 W85-70186 of the subject matter. The RTOP accession number Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts is used to locate the bibliographic citations and 179-20-55 w85-70371 482-57-39 W85-70618 technical summaries in the Summary Section. ACOUSTICS ADHESION Aeroacoustics Research Materials Science-NDE and Tribology 505-31-33 W85-70009 506-53-12 W85-70134 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program ADHESIVE BONDING A 505-36-21 W85-70042 Composites for Airframe Structures Rotorcraft Airframe Systems 505-33-33 W85-70021 ABSORPTION 505-42-23 W85-70061 ADIABATIC CONDITIONS Atmospheric Photochemistry Advanced Turboprop Technol0gy (SRT) 505-45-58 W85-70098 Mesospheric-Stratospheric Waves 147-22-02 W85-70286 673.61-02 W85-70488 Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) ABSORPTION CROSS SECTIONS Expodment (Transportation Technology Vedfication--OEX AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere Program) Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 147-22-01 W85-70285 506-63-36 W85-70229 677-27-02 W85-70502 ABSORPTION SPECTRA Shuffle Paylcad Bay Environmants summary Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 506-63-44 W85-70234 677-27-03 W85-70503 506-54-23 W85-70156 Multimode Acoustic Research AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE Microwave Pressure Sounder 179-15-20 W85-70370 Microwave Pressure Sounder 146-72.01 W85-70273 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 146-72-01 W85-70273 Airborne IR Spectrometry Studies Airborne IR Spectrometry 147-12-99 W85-70279 692-59-45 W85-70526 147-12-99 W85-70279 Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory ACOUSTO-OPTICS Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Research Planetary Instrument Development Program/Pienetary for Support of Stratoapheric/Tropospherio Exchange 196-41-67 W85-70406 Astronomy Experiments ABUNDANCE 157-05-50 W85-70344 147-14-07 W85-70280 Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites ACTIVATION Upper Atmospheric Measurements 152-13-60 W85-70305 Automation Systems Research 147-14-99 W85-70281 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 506-54-63 W85-70164 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 157-04-80 W85-70342 ACTIVE CONTROL 677-27-02 W85-70502 X-Ray Astronomy CCC Instrumentation Development Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 188-45-59 W85-70399 505-3 t -13 W85-70005 677-27-03 W85-70503 ACCELERATION (PHYSICS) Loads and Aeroeiesticity AEROACOUSTICS Ground Experiment Operations 506-33-43 W85-70023 Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustica 179-33-00 W85-70374 Advanced Aircr3ft Structures and Dynamics (JIAA) ACCELERATION STRESSES (PHYSIOLOGY) 605-33-63 W85-70024 505-36-41 W85-70045 Gravity Perception Control Theory and Analysis JIAFS Base Support 199-40-12 W85-70426 505-34-03 W85-70028 505-36-43 W85-70047 ACCELEROMETERS Advanced Fighter Technology Intogration/F-111 Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) (AFTI/F-111) 505-42.81 W85-70066 Experiment Development 533-02-11 W85-70111 Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise 606-63-43 W85-70233 ACTIVITY CYCLES (BIOLOGY) 532-06.13 W85-70106 Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Terrestrial Biology AERO/LSSlST 506-63-44 W85-70234 199-30-32 W85-70421 Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamice Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer Terrestrial EcesystemslBmgeochemical Cycling 506-51-13 W85-70128 676-59-33 W85-70495 677-25-99 W85-70498 Conceptual Characterization and Technology ACCIDENT PREVENTION ACTUATORS Assessment Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation 506-63-29 W85-70225 505-35-21 W85-70038 505-40-14 W85-70055 High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action Automation Systems Research Application System (MR/CAS) 506-54-63 W85-70164 906-63-37 W85-70568 323-53-80 W85-70269 ADA (PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE) AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ACCIDENTS A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Dynamics System (MR/CAS) Station 505-31-01 W85-70001 323-53-80 W85-70269 506-58-12 W85-70198 Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics ACCRETION DISKS Information Data Systems (ICS) 505-31-03 W85-70002 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar 506-58-15 W85-70200 Exporimental/Thecretical Aerodynamics Disks Testing and Analysis of COD ADA Language for 505-31-21 W85-70007 151-02-60 W85-70296 NASA Test Methods and Instrumentation ACCURACY 506-58-18 W85-70203 505-31-51 W85-70011 Operations Support Computing Technology Data Systems Information Technology Flight Test Operations 310-40-26 W85-70553 482-58-17 W85-70622 505-42-61 W85-70064 ACEE PROGRAM ADAPTATION Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Laminar Flow Integration Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal 505-42-81 W85-70066 505-45-63 W85-70100 Studies) Powered Lift Research and Technology ACOUSTIC LEVITATION 199-11-21 W85-70409 505-43-01 W85-70070 Development of a Shuffle Flight Experiment: Drop Neurophysielogy Interegancy and Industrial Assistance and Testing Dynamics Module 199-22-22 W85-70412 505-43-33 W85-70076 542-03-01 W85-70251 Biological Adaptation Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Multimode Acoustic Research 199-40-_]2 W85-70428 505-43-81 W85-70082 179-15-20 W85-70370 Biological Adaptation High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Contaioeriess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 199-40-33 W85-70429 505-45-83 W85-70101 Physical Properties of Undercooied Melts and Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variabie (VGRF) Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Gravity Research Support 179-20-56 W85-70371 199.80-32 W85-70444 532-09-11 W85-70108

I-1 AERODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS SUBJECT INDEX

F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent 533-02-01 W85-70109 Research Program/YAV-8B Research (Space) 506-90-21 W85-70248 High Angle-of-Attack Technology 533-02-5t W85-70116 533-02-03 W85-70110 Aerothermal Loads Orbital Debds Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program 506-51-23 W85-70131 906-75-22 W85-70581 AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS 536-01-1 t W85-70126 Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) 506-51-41 W85-70132 Effects of Space Environment on Composites 506-53-25 W85-70137 506-63-32 W85-70227 AEROELASTICITY High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Loads and Aeroelasticity Power Systems Management and Distribution 506-55-72 W85-70176 Experiment Development 505-33-43 W85-70023 506.63-43 W85-70233 Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for Rotororaff Airframe Systems AERODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS Space Vehicles 505-42-23 W85-70061 506.58-17 W85-70202 High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV RSRA Flight Research/Rotors Application Long Duration Exposure Facility 505-42-51 W85-70063 906-63-37 W85-70568 542-04ol 3 W85-70260 AERODYNAMIC CONFIGURATIONS Interageney and Industrial Assistance and Testing Planetary Matedals: Surface and Exposure Studies 505-43-33 W85-70076 152-17-40 W85-70308 High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Rotorcraft Systems Integration Psychology Materials Technology 532-06-11 W85-70105 109-22-82 W85-70418 505-43-43 W85-70077 AEROMANEUVERING Interdisciplinary Research 199-90-71 W86.70447 High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition 505-43-61 W85-70080 506-63-24 W85-70224 The Human Role in Space ('FHURIS) 906-54-40 W85-70559 Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING 505-43-81 W85-70082 Fund for independent Research (Aeronautics) ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs 906-54-62 W85-70561 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 505-90-28 W85-70102 Long Term Space Exposure Integration Aeronautics Independent Research 482-53-23 W85-70597 505-45-41 W85-70095 505-90-28 W85-70104 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integ_,3tion Space Environmental Effects on Matadals and Durable Aerospace Computer Science University Research 505-45-43 W85-70096 Space Matedals: Long Term Space Exposure 506.54-50 W85.70159 Oblique Wing Research AircraK 482-53-27 W85-70599 533-62-91 W85-70120 AERONAUTICS Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Graduate Program in Aeronautics Advanced Turboprop Technology 482-64-31 W85-70631 505-36-23 W85-70044 535-03-12 W85-70125 AEROSPACE INDUSTRY AERODYNAMIC DRAG Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Software Engineering Technology 505-40-84 W85-70059 Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 3t 0-10-23 W85-70535 676.30-05 W85-70493 Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) AEROSPACE MEDICINE OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements 505-45-30 W85-70092 Onboard Propulsion 906-63-30 W85-70566 Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent 506-60-22 W85-70212 AERODYNAMIC HEATING Research (Aeronautics) Crew Health Maintenance Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 506.90-28 W85-70103 199-11-1 t W85-70408 506-51-13 W85-70128 Aeronautics Independent Research Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 505-90-28 W85-70104 Studies) Technology Development AERONOMY 199-11-21 W85-70409 506-51-17 W85-70130 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Interdisciplinary Research Aerothermal Loads 154-60-80 W85-70317 199-90-71 W85-70447 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS 506-51-23 W85-70131 Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models AERODYNAMIC INTERFERENCE 154-60-60 W85-70318 Aidab Operations High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration AEROSOLS 505-34-23 W85-70032 505-43-23 W85-70074 In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment AEROSPACE VEHICLES AERODYNAMIC LOADS 542-03-51 W85-70257 Aerothermal Loads Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and 506-51-23 W85-70131 505-42-23 W85-70061 History Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-It1 154-10-60 W85-70313 Design and Analysis (AFTI/F-111) Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 906-54-61 W85-70560 533-02-11 W85-70111 154-30-80 W85-70315 AEROTHERMODYNAMICS AERODYNAMIC STABILITY Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 154-40-80 W85-70316 506-51-11 W86.70127 505-43-23 W85-70074 Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles 506-51-13 W85-70128 506.63-40 W85-70232 154-90-80 W85-70322 Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnosfics AERODYNAMIC STALLING Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 506-51-14 W85-70129 Rotorcraff Aeromechanics and Performance Research Mars Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield and Technology 155-04-60 W85-70323 Technology Development 505-42-11 W85-70060 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 506-51-17 W85-70130 High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics 157-04-80 W85-70342 Aerothermal Loads 505-43-11 W85-70072 Organic Geochemistry-Eady Solar System Volatiles as 506.51-23 W85-7013t Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Technology Requirements for Advanced Space 505-43-13 W85-70073 199-50-20 W85-70432 Transportation Systems Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol 506-63-23 W85-70223 505-43-33 W85-70076 Climatic Effects Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft 672-21-99 W85-70482 506.63-24 W85-70224 505-45-23 W85-70091 Aerosol Formation Models Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) AERODYNAMICS 672-31-99 W85-70483 506_;3-32 W85-70227 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and Shuttle Infrared Lesside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) Dynamics Clouds 506-63-34 W85-70228 505-31-01 W85-70001 672-32-99 W85-70484 Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility Loads and Aeroelasticity ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research (STARFAC) 505-33-43 W85-70023 672-60-99 W85-70485 906-70-16 W85-70575 Control Theory and Analysis AEROSPACE ENGINEERING AGING (BIOLOGY) 505-34-03 W85-70028 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Aeronautics Graduate Research Program 505-36-21 W85-70042 505-36-21 W85-70042 Studies) Graduate Program in Aeronautics 199-1 t-21 W85-70409 Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroaeoustics 505-36-22 W85-70043 (JtAA) Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics AGING (MATERIALS) Composites for Airframe Structures 505-36-41 W85-70045 (JIAA) 505-33-33 W85-70021 JIAFS Base Support 505-36-41 W85-70045 505-36-43 W85-70047 Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base AGING (METALLURGY) Rotoreraft Airframe Systems Support Advanced Structural Alloys 505-42-23 W85-7006 t 505-36-42 W85-70046 505-33-13 W85-70017 V/STOL Fighter Technology Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology AGRICULTURE 505-43-03 W85-70071 505-43-81 W85-70082 Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration Materials Science-NDE and Tdbology Project 505-45-43 W85-70096 506.53-12 W85-70134 667-60-16 W85-70479 interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Research (Aeronautics) Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods Research Project 505-90-28 W85-70103 506.54-55 W85-70160 877-60-17 W85-70518

I-2 AIRCRAFT NOISE SUBJECT INDEX

AIR BREATHING ENGINES AIRCRAFT High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 505.43-23 W85.70074 High Thrust/Weight Technology F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 505.40-64 W85.70056 533-02-31 W85-70113 Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS 505-43-33 W85-70076 Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology 505-40-68 W65.70057 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating 505.33-53 W85-70024 Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Operational Problems Fireworthinoss and 505.49-84 W85-70059 Materials Technology Crashworthinass 505-43-43 W85-70077 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 505-45-11 W85.70085 505-43-23 W85-70074 Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems 505-43-52 W85-70078 AIR CONDITIONING (EPAMS) Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-1O6B Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 323-53-50 • W85.70268 505-45-13 W95-70086 Support AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATION 506-64-31 W85.70246 Radio Techrdcal Commissm_ for Aeronautics (RTCA) Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics AIR JETS 505-45-30 W85-70092 Integration 505-45-41 W85-70095 Containedess Processing AIRCRAFT COMPARTMENTS Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration 179-60-30 W85-70378 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and 505-45-43 W86.70096 AIR LAND INTERACTIONS Crashworthiness Interdisciplinary Science Support 505-45-11 W85.70085 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) 147-5t-12 W85-70290 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) 505-45-93 W85-70101 AIR NAVIGATION 505-45-56 W85.70098 Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) Fault Tolerant Systems Research Rotororaft Vibration and Noise 505-90-28 W85-70102 505-34-13 W85.70030 532-06.13 W95.70106 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations Simulation Facilities Operations AIRCRAFT CONFIGURATIONS 533-02-31 W85-70113 505-42-71 W85.70065 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation Dynamics 533-02-71 W85-70118 AIR POLLUTION 505-31-01 W85.70001 Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics 533-02-81 W85-70119 Climatic Effects 505-31-03 W85.70002 Transport Composite Primary Structures 672-21-99 W85-70482 ExperimantaUTheor etical Aerodynamics 534-06.13 W85.70123 ARC Multi.Program Support for Climate Research 505-31-21 W85.70007 AIRCRAFT ENGINES 672-50-99 W85.70495 Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Research Program/YAV-8S 505.40-68 W85-70057 673-61-07 W85.70499 533-02-51 W85.70116 Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis AIR PURIFICATION AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 505-40-64 W85-70059 Platform Systems Research and Technology Craw/Life Advanced Structural Alloys Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Support 505-33-13 W85-70017 505-42-92 W85.70067 506.64-31 W85-70246 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Platform Systems/Lite Support Technology 505-42-23 W95-70061 505-43-52 W86.70079 482-64-31 W85-70631 High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating AIRCRAFT EGUIPMENT AIR QUALITY Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Flight Support Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Materials Technology 505-43-71 W85.70081 Distribution 505-43-43 W85-70077 Advanced Transport Operating Systems 176-10-03 W85-70363 Operational Problems Fireworthinass and 505-45.33 W95-70093 GTE CV-990 Measurements Crashworthiness AIRCRAFT GUIDANCE 176-20-99 W85.70364 505-45-11 W85-70065 Fault Tolerant Systems Research 505-34-13 W65-70030 AIR SAMPLING Composite Materials and Structures 534-(/6.23 W85-70124 Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Distribution AIRCRAFT CONTROL 505-34-31 W86.70033 176-10-03 W85.70363 Applied Flight Control Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 505.34.33 W95-70034 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL 506.34-01 W85.70027 Flight Test Operations Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 505-42-61 W85-70064 505-34-31 W85-70033 505-42-92 W85-70067 Simulation Facilities Operations Flight Management V/STOL Fighter Technology 505-42-71 W85-70065 505.35-13 W85-70037 505-43-03 W85-70071 Rotorcraft GuidaPce and Navigatio_ High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 505.42-41 W85.70062 505-43-11 W85.70072 Research Program/YAV-6B 533-02-51 W85-70116 Advanced Transport Operating Systems Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 505-45-33 W85.70093 505-43-13 W85-70073 AIRCRAFT HAZARDS Atmospheric Turt)ulence Measurements - Spanwise Wallops Flight Facility Research Airport High.Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Gradient/B57-B 505-45-36 W85.70094 505-43.23 W85-70074 505-45.10 W85-70084 AIR WATER INTERACTIONS Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Crashworthinoss Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Meteorotoginal Parameters Extraction 595-45-13 W85-70086 146-66-01 W85.70271 505-45.11 W85-70085 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Biosphere-Atmosphare Interactions in Wetland High Angle-of.Attack Technology 533-02-03 W85-70110 Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Ecosystems 533-02-81 W85-70119 199-30-26 W85-70420 Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Electronic Control) AIRCRAFT LANDING 693-05-05 W85-70530 533-02-21 W85-70112 Flight Management System - Pilot/control tntedece 505-35-11 W95-70039 AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations Microwave Pressure Sounder 533-02-31 W85-70113 Aircraft Landing Dynamics 505-45-14 W85-70087 146-72-01 W85.70273 Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shaar Detection Terrestrial Biology Research Program/YAV-8B 505-45-19 W85.7008g 199o30-36 W85-70423 533-02-51 W86-70116 AIRBORNE RADAR APPROACH Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-16 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 533-02-31 W85-70113 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection 533-02-61 W95-70117 Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 505.45-18 W65-70089 AIRCRAFT DESIGN AIRBORNE/SPACEBORNE COMPUTERS Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Research Program/YAV-6B 533-02-51 W85-70116 Fault Tolerant Systems Research Dynamics 505-34-13 W85-70030 505-31-01 W85-70001 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Expenmental and Applied Aercdynan_cs Flight Support 505-31-23 W85.70008 505-43-71 W85-70081 Systems 505-37-03 W85-70050 Test Methods and Instrumentation AIRCRAFT MANEUVERS 505-31-51 W85-70011 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 506-54-61 W85-70163 Test Techniques 505-43-23 W85.70074 505.31-53 W85.70012 Information Data Systems (lOS) High Angle-of-Attack Technology 506-58-15 W85-70200 Composites for Airframe Structures 533-02-03 W85-70110 505-33-33 W65-70021 AIRCRAFT NOISE Date Systems Information Technology 506-58-16 W85-70201 Control Theory and Analysis Aeroacoustics Research 505-34-03 W85.70028 505-31-33 W85-70009 Spact_'raft Technology Experiments (CFMF') 506.62.42 W85-70220 Human Factors Facilities Operations Rotorcraft Airframe Systems 505-35-81 W85-70041 505-42-23 W95-70061 Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (convertible Engine) (EPAMS) Flight Test Operations 505-42-61 W85-70064 323-53-50 W85-70268 505-42-92 W85-70067 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SR'F) O'FV GN&C System Technology Requirements V/STOL Fighter Technology 505-45-58 W85-70098 906-63-30 W85-70566 505-43-03 W85.70071 I-3 SUBJECT INDEX AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise Transport Composite Primary Structures AMPLIFIERS 532-06-13 W85-70106 534-06-13 W85-70123 Radio Systems Development 310-20-66 W85-70548 AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE AIRPORTS ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Wallops Flight Facility Research Airport Airborne Radar Research 505-43-23 W85-70074 505-45-36 W85-70094 677-47-03 W85-705 t4 F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research ALASKA 533-02-01 W85-70109 ERS-1 Phase B Study ANALOGS Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 161-40-11 W85-70355 Planetary Geology 151-01-20 W85-70291 (AFTI/F-111) Long Term Applications Research 533-02-11 W85-70111 668-37-99 W85-70481 ANATOMY Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital ALBEDO Gravity Perception 199-40- t 2 W85-70426 Electronic Control) Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 533-02-2t W85-70112 677-26-02 W85-70500 ANEMOMETERS F-4C Spanwise Slowing Flight Investigations ALGAE Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 151-01-60 W85-70292 533-02-31 W85-70 t 13 CELSS Development ANGLE OF ATTACK Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 199-61-12 W85-70438 Research Program/YAV-8B ALGORITHMS Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 533-02-51 W85-70116 Mathematics for Engineering and Science 505-31-21 W65-70007 Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation 505-31-83 W85-70015 V/STOL Fighter Technology 505-43-03 W85-70071 533-02-71 W85-70118 Engineering Data Management end Graphics AIRCRAFT PILOTS 505-37-23 W85-70052 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Gradient/B57-B Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowtield 505-45-10 W85-70084 505-43-13 W85-70073 Technology Development AIRCRAFT RELIABILITY 506-51-17 W85-70130 F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Computer Science Research and Technology: Software 533-02-01 W85-70109 533-02-81 W85-70119 Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods High Angle-of-Attack Technology 533-02-03 W85-70110 AIRCRAFT SAFETY 506-54-55 W85-70160 Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Rotororaft Icing Technology Automation Systems Research 505-42-98 W85-70069 506-54-63 W85-70164 506-51-13 W85-70128 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical ANGULAR MOMENTUM Crashworthiness Techniques Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) 505-45-11 W85-70085 506-57-15 W85-70187 693-05-05 W85-70530 Aircraft Landing Dynamics A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) ANGULAR RESOLUTION 505-45-14 W85-70087 Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Gamma Ray Astronomy 188-46-57 W85-70396 Icing Technology Station 505-45-64 W85-70097 506-58-12 W85-70198 ANIMALS AIRCRAFT SPIN Meteorological Parameters Extraction Cardiovascular Physiology 199-21 -12 W85-70410 V/STOL Fighter Technology 146-66-01 W85-70271 505-43-03 W85-70071 Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Bone Physiology 199-22-32 W85-70414 High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics 154-40-80 W85-70316 505-43-11 W85-70072 Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co*Investigator Support Muscle Physiology 199-22-42 W85-70415 Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 156-03-03 W85-70330 505-43-13 W85-70073 Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology ANNEALING Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Development A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 505-43-33 W85-70076 161-10-03 W85-70351 and Evolution of Presoler Grains Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology t 52-12-40 W85-70303 505-45-23 W85-70091 188-41-22 W85-70389 ANODES AIRCRAFT STABILITY A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical Gamma-Ray Astronomy V/STOL Fighter Technology Research in Wetlands 188-46-57 W85-70395 505-43-03 W85-70071 199-30-35 W85-70422 ANODIZING High Angle-of-Attack Technology Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 533-02-03 W85-70110 Sensing Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES 677-63-99 W85-70520 482-53-27 W85-70599 Life Prediction for Structural Materials Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling ANOMALIES 506-33-23 W85-70019 677-64-01 W85-70521 Gravity Gradiometer Program 676-59`85 W85-70496 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 505-43-83 W85-70083 310-40-72 W85-70558 ANTARCTIC REGIONS Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 152-20-40 W85-70310 Support and Transport for Space Station Users 532-09-11 W85-70108 482-55-86 W85-70614 ANTENNA ARRAYS Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation ALL-WEATHER LANDING SYSTEMS Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development 533-02-71 W85-70118 Aircraft Landing Dynamics Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors Oblique Wing Research Aircraft 505-45-14 W85-70087 506-56-23 W85-70206 533-02-91 W85-70120 ALLOCATIONS Radio Metric Technology Development 310-10`80 W85-70538 AIRCRAFT SURVIVABILITY Program Operations Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-16 151-01-70 W85-70293 Digital Signal Processing 310-30-70 W85-70552 533-02-61 W85-70117 Detection of Other Planetary Systems AIRCRAFT TIRES 196-41-68 W85-70407 ANTENNA COMPONENTS Aircraft Landing Dynamics ALLOYS Space Communications Technology/Antanna 505-45-14 W85-70087 Materials Science-NDE and Tribology Volumetric Analysis AIRFOILS 506-53-12 W85-70134 482-59-23 W85-70624 Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics ALTERNATING CURRENT ANTENNA DESIGN 505-3 t -23 W85-70008 Automated Power System Control Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Transport Composite Primary Structures 482-55-72 W85-70610 506-53-45 W85-70 t44 534-06-13 W85-70123 ALTIMETERS Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development AIRFRAME MATERIALS Research Mission Study - Topex Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors 506-58-23 W85-70206 Transport Composite Primary Structures 161-10-01 W85-70350 534-06-13 W85-70123 Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 506-62-45 W85-70222 AIRFRAMES 161-80-38 W85-70361 Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for ALTITUDE 159-41-03 W85-70348 Aeronautics Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft 505-33-10 W85-70016 for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange Antenna Systems Development 310-20-65 W85-70547 Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Experiments Space Communications Technology/Antenna 505-40-84 W86-70059 147-14-07 W85-70280 ALUMINUM Volumetric Analysis Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Long Term Space Exposure 482-59-23 W85-70624 505-42-23 W85-70061 482-53-23 W85-70597 ANTENNA FEEDS V/STOL Fighter Technology ALUMINUM ALLOYS Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development 505-43-03 W85-70071 Advanced Structural Alloys Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 506-33-13 W85-70017 506-58-23 W85-70206 505-43-13 W85-70073 AMORPHOUS MATERIALS Antenna Systems Development Intaregency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Materials Science-NDE and Tribology 310-20-65 W85-70547 505-43-33 W86-70076 506-53-12 W85-70134 ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERNS Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digita; AMPLIFIER DESIGN Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development Electronic Control) Radio Systems Development Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors 533-02-21 W85-70112 310-20-66 W85-70548 506-58-23 W85.70206

I-4 SUBJECT INDEX ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY

Airborne Radar Research Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry 677-47.03 - W85-70514 Development 188-41-53 W85-70391 Advanced Transmitter Systems Development 161-10-03 W85-70351 High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation 3 t 0-20-64 W86-70546 Satellite Communications Technology and Theoretical Studies 310-20.38 W85-70543 Antenna Systems Development 385-46-01 W85-70452 310-20-65 W85-70547 ARCTIC REGIONS Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Long Term Applications Research Space Communications Technology/Antenna 442-20-02 W85-70458 668-37-99 W85-70481 ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES Volumetric Analysis ARGON 482-59-23 W85-70624 Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Gamma-Ray Astronomy 506-54-21 W85-70154 ANTENNAS 188-46.57 W85-70395 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Spacecraft Controls and Guidance ARID LANDS t59-38-01 W85-70345 506-57.13 W85..7(),1_6 Shortgrass Steppe . Long-Term Ecological Research Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical 677-26-02 W85-70500 Astronomy Applications Techniques Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 159.41-01 W85-70346 506-57.15 W85-70187 677.41-07 W85-70507 ASTRONOMICAL PHOTOGRAPHY Satellite Communications Research and Technology Arid Lands Geol0otany Ground-Bassd Observations of the Sun 506-58-22 W85-70205 677-42-09 W85-70512 188-38-52 W85-70384 Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual ARMED FORCES (UNITED STATES) ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES Design Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research 506-62-23 W85-70217 Interagency Support 506-54-21 W85-70154 Space Communications SyStems Antenna Technology 506-60-10 W85-70209 Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 650.60-20 W85-70473 ARRAYS 159.46-01 W85-70349 Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components ASTRONOMY 677.47.07 W85-705 t 5 and Lidar Research and Technology Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Space Systems and Navigation Technology 506-54-26 W85-70158 Astronomy 310-10-63 W85-70541 IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) 157.05-50 WS5-70344 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA 157-03-70 W85-70340 Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for Networks ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Astronomy Applications 310-26-46 W85-70545 Flight Management 159-41-01 W85-70346 Radio Systems Development 505-35-13 W85-70037 Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and 3t0.20-66 W85-70548 Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Submillimeter Astronomy Space Station C,ommunioation and Tracking Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 169.41.01 W85-70347 Technology 506-54-55 W85-70160 Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 482-59-27 W85-70625 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems 879-11-41 W85-70533 ANTIPROTONS 506-54-61 W85-70163 ASTROPHYSICS Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition Automation Systems Research Advanced.Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems Studies 506-54-63 W85-70164 506-54-61 W85-70163 188.46-56 W85-70394 Automation Techc_ology for Planning, Teleoparation and Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology ANTISKID DEVICES Robotics 188-41-22 W85-70389 Aircraft Landing Dynamics 506-54-65 W85-70165 Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 505.45-14 W85-70087 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Using the DSN ANVIL CLOUDS 506-64-15 W85-70238 188-41-22 W85-70390 Upper Atmospheric Measurements Space Systems Analysis Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei t 47.14-99 W85-70281 506-64.19 W85-70240 The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds APERTURES Operations Support Computing Technology 186-41-53 W85-70392 Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for 310-40-26 W85-70553 Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition Astronomy Applications Human-to-Machine interface Technology Studies 159-41-01 W85-70346 310-40-37 W85-70554 188-46-56 W85-70394 APPLICATIONS OF MATHEMATICS Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) X-Ray Astronomy Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry Development Work Station 188-46-59 W85-70398 161-60-38 W85-70361 906-80-13 W85-70588 Astrophysical CCD Development APPROXIMATION ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES 186-76-60 W85-70403 Engineering Data Management and Graphics Multi.100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation 505-37-23 W85-70052 506-55.79 W85-70180 and Theoretical Studies Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed Satellite Communications Research and Technology 385-46-01 W85-70452 Temperatures 506-58-22 W85-TQ_05 Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems 673-41-12 W85-70486 Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy Plasmas ARC JET ENGINES 188-41-55 W85-70393 441-06-01 W85-70453 Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies Particles and Particle/Field Interactions 506-51-41 W85-70132 643-10-01 W85-70467 442-36-55 W85-70460 ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) Space Systems and Navigation Technology Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) 310-10-63 W85-70541 656-42-01 W85-70478 505-34-17 W85-70031 ASSURANCE Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 879o11.41 W85-70533 Processing Systems 533-02-81 W85-70119 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy 505-37-01 W85-70049 ASTEROIDS AstrophysiCS) Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids 879-11-46 W85-70534 505-43-13 W85-70073 Using the VLA ATLANTIC OCEAN Optical Information Precessing/Photephysics 196-41.51 W85-70404 Ocean Circulation and Setailita Altimetry 506-54-11 W85-70152 Solar System Exploration 161-80-38 W85-70361 Computer Science Research end Technology: Software 199-50.42 W85-70435 ATMOSPHERIC AI"TENUATION Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods Life in the Universe Radio Systems Development 506-54-55 W85-70160 199-50-52 W85-70436 310-20-66 W86-70548 Computer Science Research Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 506-54-56 W85-70161 and Manned GEO Objectives Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Advanced Concepts for Imoge-Besed Expert Systems 906-63-06 W85.70565 147-11-00 W85-70276 506-54-61 W85-70163 ASTRONAUT LOCOMOTION In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) 147-11-05 W85-70277 Systems 482-64.30 W85-70630 Balloon.Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor 506.58-11 W85-70197 ASTRONAUT MANEUVERING EQUIPMENT 147-1t-07 W85-70278 Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data Human Factors in Space Systems Airborne IR Spectrometry Processing 506-57.20 W85-70189 147-12-98 W65-70279 506-56-13 W85-70199 ASTRONAUT PERFORMANCE Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements Data Systems Information Technology Human FactOrs for Crew Interfaces in Space 147-16-01 W85-70282 506-56-16 W85-70201 506-57-27 W85-70194 Chem¢_l Kinetics of the UppeT Atmosphere Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base The Human Role in Space ('rHURIS) 147-21.03 W85-70283 Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 906-54-40 W85-70559 Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents (DBMS/MMA) ASTRONAUTS 147-21.09 W85-70264 506-58-19 W85-70204 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Atmospheric Photochemistry Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture Studies) 147-22-02 W85-70286 Study 199-t 1-21 W85-70409 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 506.64-17 W85-70239 ASTRONOMICAL MODELS 154-60-80 W85-70317 Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas System (MR/CAS) Disks Distribution 323-53-80 W85-70269 151.02-60 W85-70296 176-10-03 W85-70363

I-5 ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION SUBJECT INDEX

Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING 176-40-14 W85-70365 Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations Meteorological Parameters Extraction Biospheric Modelling 506-51-41 W85-70132 146-66-01 W85-70271 199-30-12 W85-70418 Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems Microwave Pressure Sounder Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry Evaluation 146-72-01 W85-70273 199-50-16 W85-70431 506-53-31 W85-70139 Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION EXPERIMENT 146-72-02 W85-70274 Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 385-38-01 W85-70451 147-11-00 W85-70276 t 47-11-00 W85-70276 Aerosol Formation Models ATMOSPHERIC HEATING Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements 672-31-99 W85-70483 Mesospheric-Stratospheric Waves 147-16-01 W85-70282 ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 673-81-02 W85-70488 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 672-50-99 W85-70485 ATMOSPHERIC MODELS 157-04-80 W85-70342 Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics 673-41-13 W85-70487 Gradient/B57-B Expedments ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION 505-45-10 W85-70084 445-11-36 W85-70465 Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies Aviation Safety - Atmospheric Precesees/B-57 Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility 146-66-02 W85-70272 505-45-19 W85-70090 (STARFAC) Upper Atmospheric Measurements Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor 906-70-16 W85-70575 147-14-99 W85-70281 147-11-07 W85-70278 ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave 147-21-09 W85-70284 t 47-21-09 W85-70284 Radiometers Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Data Survey and Evaluation 505-45-15 W85-70088 154-20-80 W85-70314 147-51-02 W85-70289 Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange 157-04-80 W85-70342 History Experiments Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes t 54-10-80 W85-70313 147-14-07 W85-70280 161-80-15 W85-70359 Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed 154-20-80 W85-70314 147-21-03 W85-70283 Temperatures Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Remote Sensing of Atmosphedc Structures 673-41-12 W85-70486 154-60-80 W85-70317 154-40-80 W85-70316 Mesospheric-St ratosphedc Waves Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/comet Models Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 673-61-62 W85-70488 154-60-80 W85-70318 157-94-80 W85-70342 Stratospheric Dynamics Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Stratosphedc Circulation from Remotely Sensed 673.61-99 W85-70490 Centimetdc Waves in the Ocean Temperatures ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION 161-80-37 W85-70360 673-41-12 W85-70486 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas ATMOSPHERIC TIDES 506-54-23 W85-70156 Distribution Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor 176-10-03 W85-70363 154-60-80 W85-70317 147-11-07 W85-70278 Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Mesosphedc-Stratosphedc Waves Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents Research 673-81-02 W85-70488 147-21-09 W85-70284 196-41-67 W85-70406 ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of Biospheric Modelling Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Stratosphenc Measurements 199-30-12 W85-70418 Gradient/S57-B 147-23-08 W85-70287 Solar System Exploration 505-45-10 W85-70084 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 199-50-42 W85-70435 Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Aerosol Formation Models 505-45-13 W85-70086 147-23-99 W85-70288 672-31-99 W85-70483 Aircraft Landing Dynamics Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed 505-45ol 4 W85-70087 154-20-80 W85-70314 Temperatures Aviation Safety - Atmosphedc Processes/B-67 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 673-41-12 W85-70486 505-45-19 W85-70090 154-60-80 W85-70317 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Extended Atmospheres 673-61-07 W85-70489 Centimetdc Waves in the Ocean 154-80-80 W85-70320 Stratospheric Dynamics 161-80-37 W85.70360 Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 673-61-99 W85-70490 Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) 157-04-80 W85-70341 693-85-05 W85-70530 _ligh Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Application ATMOSPHERICS 157-04-80 W85-70342 906-63-37 W85-70568 Meteorological Parameters Extraction Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE 146-66-01 W85-70271 Research Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) ATOMIC PHYSICS 196-41-67 W85-70406 146-72-02 W85-70274 Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes Research and Technology 199-30-22 W85-70419 161-80-15 W85-70359 506-54-15 W85-70153 Terrestrial Biology ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS ATROPHY 199-30-32 W85-70421 JIAFS Base Support Crew Health Maintenance Instrument Development 505-36-43 W85-70047 199-11-11 W85-70408 199-30-52 W85-70425 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Muscle Physiology Eady Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry Crashworthiness 199-22-42 W85-70415 199-50-16 W85-70431 505-45-11 W85-70085 ATTITUDE CONTROL Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples 506-51-14 W85-70129 Techniques 199-50-20 W85-70432 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Export Systems 506-57-15 W85-70187 ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 506-54-61 W85-70163 EI6ctrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation 672-50-99 W85-70485 In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 906.70-29 W85-70577 Stratospheric Dynamics 542-03-51 W85-70257 t Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor 673-81-99 W85-70490 Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 906-75-23 W85-70582 ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION 147-11-60 W85-70276 Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Sea Surface Temperatures Extended Atmospheres System Technology 906-80-14 W85-70589 161-30-03 W85-70353 154-80-80 W85-70320 AUGER SPECTROSCOPY ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY Biosphedc Modelling t 99-39-12 W85-70418 Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics 506-53.11 W85-70133 506-51-14 W85-70129 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination AURORAS Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer 385-38-01 W85.70451 Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric (SUMS) Aerosol Formation Models Magnetospheric Coupling) 506-83-37 W85-70230 672-31-99 W85-70483 442-36-56 W85-70463 High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AUTOMATA THEORY Application Microwave Pressure Sounder Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Export Systems 906-63-37 W85-70568 146-72-01 W85-70273 506-54-61 W85-70163 ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION AUTOMATIC CONTROL Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Automated Subsystems Management Crashworthiness Interaction 506-54-87 W85-70166 505-45-11 W85-70085 442-36-55 W85-70461 High Capacitance Thermal Transport System ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY ATMOSPHERIC SCATTERING 506.55-89 W85-70185 Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices Wind Measurement Assessment Manned Control of Remote Operations 154-30-80 W85-70315 t 46-72-04 W85-70275 506-57-23 W85-70191

I-6 SUBJECT INDEX BLUEGREEN ALGAE

Technology Requirements for Advanced Space BALLISTIC TRAJECTORIES Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions Transportation Systems NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility 199-30.22 W85-70419 506-63-23 W85.70223 151-02-60 W85-70298 Biosphere-Atmosphere Intaractions in Wetiand BALLISTICS Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Ecosystems 506-64-15 W85-70238 NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility 199-30-26 W85-70420 151-02-60 W85-70298 Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Terrestrial Biology BALLOON SOUNDING 506-64.37 W85-70247 199-30.32 W85-70421 Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Advanced CCD Camera Development Ocean Ecology 147-11-00 W85-70276 199-30-42 W85-70424 157-01-70 W85-70334 Airborne IR Spectrometry Organic Geochemistry Space Systems and Navigation Technology 147.12-99 W85-70279 199-50-22 W85-70433 310-10-63 W85-70541 Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemioal Cycling Data Processing Technology 147-16-01 W85-70282 677-25-99 W85-70498 310-40.46 W85-70556 BALLOON-BORNE INSTRUMENTS Add Lands Geobotany Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 677-42-09 W85-70512 906-64-24 W85-70571 147-11-00 W85-70276 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Automated Power System Control Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor Cardiovascular Physiology 482-55-72 W85-70610 147-11-07 W85-70278 199-21-12 W85-70410 Automated Power Management Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements Biospheric Modelling 482-55-79 W85-70613 147.16-01 W85-70282 199-30-12 W85-70418 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 188-41-55 W85-70393 199-30-22 W85-70419 Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 505-42-41 W55-70062 BALLOONS Biological Adaptation In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone 199-40-32 W85-70428 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) 147-11-05 W85-70277 Plant Research Facilities 505-45-83 W85-70101 VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis 199-80-72 W85-70446 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System 155-04-80 W85-70324 BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION Design and Analysis Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy Organic Geochemistry 906-54-61 W85-70560 188-41-55 W85-70393 199-50-22 W85-70433 AUTOMATION Particle Astrophysms and Experiment Definition Origin and Evolution of Life Automation Systems Research Studies 199-50-32 W85-70434 506-54-63 W85-70164 188-46-56 W85-70394 Life in the Universe Human Factors in Space Systems Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research 199-50-52 W85-70436 506-57-20 W85-70189 188-46-57 W85-70397 BIOLOGICAL MODELS (MATHEMATICS) Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology BANDPASS FILTERS Ground Control Human Factors 506-64-15 W85-70238 Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement 506-57-26 W85-70193 Mission Operations Technology 176-40-14 W85-70365 Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space 310-40-45 W85-70555 BANDWIDTH 506-57-27 W85-70194 Automated Power System Control Propagation Studies and Measurements Ocean Ecology 482-56-72 W85-706t 0 643-10-03 W85-70470 199-30-42 W85-70424 BAYES THEOREM AUTONOMY Odgin and Evolution of Life Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 199-50-32 W85-70434 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 677-50-52 W85-70516 506-64.15 W85-70238 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling AUXILIARY POWER SOURCES BAYS (STRUCTURAL UNITS) 677-64-01 W85-70521 Shuffle Payload Bay Environments summary BIOLOGY Electric Propulsion Technology 506-63-44 W85-70234 506-55-22 W85-70167 Developmental Biology Erectable Space Structures 199-40-22 W85-70427 AUXILIARY PROPULSION 482-53-43 W85-70601 BIOMASS Resistojet Technology BEAMS (SUPPORTS) 482-50-22 W85-70592 Terrestrial Biology Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 199-30-32 W85-70421 Advanced H/O Technology Experiment) 482-60-22 W85-70626 Terrestrial Biology 542-03-43 W85-70255 199-30.36 W85-70423 AVIONICS BEARINGS Ocean Ecology Control Theory and Analysis Helicopter Transmission Technology 199-30-42 W85-70424 505-34-03 W85-70028 505-42-94 W85-70068 FauR Tolerant Systems Research Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Proputsion 677-27-01 W65-70501 505-34-13 W85-70030 506-60-42 W85-70213 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Flight Test Operations Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 677-27-02 W85-70502 505-42-61 W85-70064 482-64-41 W85-70633 Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics BEHAVIOR 677-27-03 W85-70503 505-45-30 W85-70092 Gravity Porception Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 199-40-12 W85-70426 906-80-11 W85-70587 677-27-04 W85-70504 BELL AIRCRAFT Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Rotoreraft Airframe Systems 677-64-01 W85-70521 B 505-42-23 W85-70061 BIOMEDICAL DATA BIBLIOGRAPHIES Interdisciplinary Research B-52 AIRCRAFT MPS AR & DA Support 199-90.71 W85-70447 Right Support 179-40-62 W85-70375 BIOMETRICS 505-43-71 W85-70081 BIG BANG COSMOLOGY Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal B-57 AIRCRAFT Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Studies) Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spenwiee Background 199-11-21 W85-70409 Gradient/B57-B 188-41-22 W85.70388 BIOPHYSICS 505-45-10 W85-70084 BINARY MIXTURES Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Operatioflal Problems Firewodhinese and High Capacitance Thermal Transport System Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometor Creshwon_iness 506-55-89 W85-70185 677-27-20 W85-70505 505-45-11 W85-70085 BIOCHEMISTRY BIOPROCESSING BACKGROUND RADIATION Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Bioseparation Processes Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 179-80-40 W85-70379 188-46-57 W85-70397 199-21-51 W85-70411 BIOSPHERE BACKSCAI"fERING Bone Physiology Early Atmosphere: Geochemistn/and Photochemistry In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 199-22-31 W85-70413 199-50-16 W85-70431 542-03-51 W85-70257 Muscle Physiology Organic Geochemistry Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of 199-22-42 W85-70415 t 99-50.22 W85-70433 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scattorometor Origin and Evolution of Life BIOTIECHNOLOGY 677-27-20 W85-70505 199.50.32 W85-70434 Ground Control Human Factors Add Lands Geobotany BIOENGINEERING 506-57-26 W85-70193 677-42-09 W85-70512 Human Factors for Crew interfaces in Space BIPOLARITY New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 506-57-27 W85-70194 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Images Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's 506-55.52 W85-70172 677-4602 W85-70513 Support BLOOD BACKWARD WAVE TUBES 179-13-72 W85-70368 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators BIOGEOCHEMISTRY Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 506-54-22 W85-70155 Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents 199-21-51 W85-70411 BALLISTIC RANGES 147-21-09 W85-70284 BLUE GREEN ALGAE Thormo-Gasdyoamic Test Complex Operations Biosphedc Modelling Organic Geochemistry 506-51-41 W85-70132 199-30-12 W85-70418 199-50-22 W85-70433

I-7 BODY FLUIDS SUBJECT INDEX

BODY FLUIDS Space Communications Technology/Antenna Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Volumetric Analysis 879-11-41 W85-70533 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 482-59-23 W85-70624 CALIFORNIA 199-21-51 W85-70411 Space Station Communication and Tracking Regional Crust Deformation BODY-WING CONFIGURATIONS Technology 692.61-01 W85-70527 Aerothermal Loads 482-59-27 W85-70625 Regional Crustal Dynamics 506-51-23 W85-70131 BRIGHTNESS DISTRIBUTION 692-61-02 W85-70528 BOLOMETERS Giotto Halley Modelling CAMERAS Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy 156-03-01 W85-70328 Advanced CCD Camera Development 186-41-55 W85-70393 BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE 157-01-70 W85-70334 BONDING CANADA Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Composite Materials and Structures Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange 534-06-23 W85-70124 692-05-05 W85-70524 Experiments Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable 147-14-07 W85-70280 CANOPIES (VEGETATION) Materials Terrestrial Biology Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic 482°53-29 W85-70600 199-30-36 W85-70423 BONE DEMINERALIZATION Parameters 161-40-03 W85-70354 Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling Bone Physiology 677-25-99 W85-70498 BRITTLE MATERIALS 199-22-31 W85-70413 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Bone Physiology Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 677-27-02 W85-70502 Aeronautics 199-22-32 W85-70414 Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 505-33-t 0 W85-70016 BOOMS (EQUIPMENT) 677-27-03 W85-70503 BROADCASTING In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics Magnetic Fields Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 677-27-04 W85-70504 157-03-70 W85-70338 643-10-01 W85-70466 Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of BOOSTER RECOVERY BUBBLE MEMORY DEVICES Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer Intaragency Assistance and Testing Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for 677-27-20 W85-70505 505-43-31 W85-70075 Space Vehicles New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR BORATES 506-58-17 W85-70202 Images Glass Research BUBBLES 677-46-02 W85-70513 179-14-20 W85-70369 Development of a Shuttle Flight Exporiment: Drop CAPILLARY FLOW BOTANY Dynamics Module Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Biological Adaptation 542-03-01 W85-70251 179-10-10 W85-70367 199-40-33 W85-70429 Glass Research CAPILLARY WAVES BOUNDARIES 179-14-20 W85-70369 Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Regional Crust Deformation Crew Health Maintenance 542-03-13 W85-70253 692-61-01 W85-70527 199-11-11 W85-70408 CARBON BOUNDARY LAYER CONTROL BUDGETING Planetary Materials-Carboneceous Meteorites Viscous Drag Reduction and Control 152-13-60 W85-70305 Detection of Other Planetary Systems 505-31-13 W85-70005 196.41-68 W85-70407 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge BUOYANCY t 52-15-40 W85-70307 Flight Test and VSTFE) Human Factors in Space Systems Terrestdal Biology 505-45-61 W85-70099 506-57-20 W85-70189 199-30-32 W85-70421 Laminar Flow Integration Terrestrial Biology Electrostatic Containerless Processing Technology 505-45-63 W85-70100 179-20-56 W85-70372 199-30-36 W85-70423 BOUNDARY LAYER STABILITY BUOYS Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research 199-50-16 W85-70431 505-31-15 W85-70006 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics Studies Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme BOUNDARY LAYER TRANSITION 692.59-45 W85-70526 677-27-01 W85-70501 Viscous Drag Reduction and Control BUS CONDUCTORS CARBON CYCLE 505-31-13 W85-70005 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Bass Ocean Ecology Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research 199-30-42 W85-70424 Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 505-31-15 W85-70006 CARBON DIOXIDE (DBMS/MMA) Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics 506-58-19 W85-70204 Platform Systems Research and Technology Crow/Life 505-31-23 W85-70008 Support Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology BOUNDARY LAYERS 506-62-22 W85-70216 506-64-31 W85-70246 Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 505-31-03 W85-70002 Mars Viscous Flows C 155-04-60 W85-70323 505-31-11 W85-70004 Resistojet Technology Viscous Drag Reduction and Control C BAND 482-50.22 W85-70592 505-31-13 W85-70005 Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Aeroacoustics Research Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer 482-64.31 W85-70631 505-31-33 W85.70009 677-27-20 W85-70505 CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Airborne Radar Research Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 505-43-63 W85-70083 677.47-03 W85-70514 506-54-23 W85-70156 Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Wind Measurement Assessment 506-51-41 W85-70132 677-47-07 W85-70515 145-72-04 W85-70275 Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion C-130 AIRCRAFT Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary 505-60-49 W85-70214 Ground Experiment Operations Astronomy Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 179-33-00 W85-70374 157-05-50 W85-70344 199.30-22 W85-70419 C-140 AIRCRAFT CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS Flight Support Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Boundary.Layer Stability and Transition Research 505-43-71 W85-70081 482-64-31 W85-70631 505-31-15 W85-70006 C-141 AIRCRAFT CARBON MONOXIDE Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Infrared and Sub-Milflmeter Astronomy Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas 506-62-45 W85-70222 188-41-65 W85-70393 Distribution BOW WAVES CALCIUM 176-10-03 W85-70363 Magnetospheric and interplanetary Physics: Data Bone Physiology CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES Analysis 199-22-31 W85-70413 Thermal Structures 442-20-01 W85-70456 Bone Physiology 506-53-33 W85-70140 BRAKING t 99-22°32 W85-70414 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Aircraft Landing Dynamics CALIBRATING Crew Health Maintenance 505-45-14 W85-70087 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: 199-11-11 W85-70408 O'I'V GN&C System Technology Requirements Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis Cardiovascular Physiology 906-63-30 W85-70566 323-51-03 W85-70262 199-2 t -12 W85-70410 BREADBOARD MODELS Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the CARIBBEAN REGION Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems NASA Equipment Management System Regional Crustal Dynamics 506-55-79 W85-70180 323-52-60 W85-70266 692-61-02 W85-70528 Data Systems Research and Technology - Onboard Data Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-lnvastigator Support CATALOGS (PUBLICATIONS) Processing 156-03-03 W85-70330 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base 506-58-13 W85-70199 Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Energetic ion Mass Spectrometer Development t 61-80-01 W85-70358 (DBMS/MMA) 157-04-60 W85-70343 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 506-58-19 W85-70204 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination UPS AR & DA Support 159-38-01 W85-70345 385-38-01 W85-70451 179-40-62 W85-70375

I-8 SUBJECT INDEX CLOUD COVER

CATALYSIS Solar System Exploration CHROMOSPHERE Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 199.56-42 W85-70435 Laboratory and Theory Technology Development Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 188-38-53 W85-70387 506-51-17 W85-70130 677-25-99 W85-70498 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occultar Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Facility 506-53-11 W85-70133 Life Prediction for Structural Materials 188-78-38 W85-70400 CATALYSTS 505-33-23 W85-70019 CIRCUIT RELIABILITY Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Airborne IR Spectrometry NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator 506-54-23 W85-70156 147-12-99 W85-70279 323-53-08 W85-70267 CAVITY RESONATORS Multi-sensor Balloon Measurements CIRCUITS Precision Time and Frequency Sources 147-16-01 W85-70282 NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites 310-10-42 W85-70537 323-53-08 W85-70267 151-02-60 W85-70297 CELLS (BIOLOGY) Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology CIRCULATION CONTROL ROTORS Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's 152-11-40 W85-70301 RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation Support Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 532-09-10 W85.70107 179-13-72 W85-70368 152-12-40 W85-70302 CIVIL AVIATION Biological Adaptation Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models Advanced Controls and Guidance 199-40-32 W85-70428 154-60-80 W85-70318 505-34-11 W85-70029 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS Instrument Development Operational Problems Fireworthicess and Central Computer Facility 199-30-52 W85-70425 Crashworthiness 505-37-41 W85-70053 Solar System Exploration 505-45-11 • W85-70085 Information Data Systems (IDS) 199-50-42 W85-70435 Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program 505-56-15 W85-70200 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Supped Data Systems Information Technology 677-41-07 W85-70507 532-09-11 W85-70108 506-56-16 W85-70201 CHEMICAL ENERGY CLASSIFICATIONS Software Enginoenng Technology Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and Field Work-Tropical Forest Dynamics 310-10-23 W85-70535 Storage 677-27-03 W85-70503 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA 482-55-52 W85-70608 CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE Networks CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave 310.20-46 W85-70545 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Radiometers CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES Composites 505-45-15 W85-70088 Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines 505-33-31 W85-70020 CLIMATE 533-05-12 W85-70122 Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent Meteorological Parameters Extraction CERAMICS Research (Space) 146-66-01 W85-70271 Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 506.90-21 W85-70248 Aeronautics CHEMICAL EVOLUTION Interdisciplinary Science Support 505-33-10 W85-70016 Chemical Evolution 147-51-12 W85-70290 Propulsion Materials Technology 199.50-12 W85-70430 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies 505-33-62 W85-70025 Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 151-02-60 W85-70295 Materials Science-NDE and Tribology 199.50-16 W85-70431 Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 506-53-12 W85-70134 Origin and Evolution of Life Mars Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 199.59.32 W85-70434 155-04-80 W85-70323 179-10-10 W85-70367 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Computational Flame Radiation Research Climatic Effects 179.20-62 W85-70373 505-31-41 W85-70010 672-21-99 W85-70482 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 179-48-00 W85-70377 506-53-11 W85-70133 Clouds CERTIFICATION Bioseparatidn Processes 672-32-99 W85-70484 Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 179-80-40 W85-70379 ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 533-02-61 W85-70119 Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 672-50-99 W85-70485 CHANNELS (DATA TRANSMISSION) Clouds Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Data Systems Information Technology 672-32-99 W85-70484 673-61-07 W85-70489 506-58-16 W85-70201 CHEMICAL PROPULSION Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Network Systems Technology Development Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 677-41-07 W85-70507 310-20-33 W85-70542 Interegency Support CLIMATOLOGY Communication Systems Research 50660-10 W85-70209 In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 310-20-71 W55-70551 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion 542-03-51 W85-70257 Space Station Customer Data System Focused 506-60-42 W85-70213 Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies Technology Systems Analysis.Spaca Station Propulsion 146-66-02 W85-70272 482-58-16 W85-70621 Requirements Interdisciplinary Science Support CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES 506-64-12 W85-70235 147-51-12 W85-70290 Sensor Research and Technology CHEMICAL REACTIONS Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 506-54-25 W85-70157 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Clouds Advanced CCD Camera Development 505-31-04 W85-70003 672-32-99 W85-70484 157-01-70 W85-70334 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents 673-61-07 W85-70489 188-46-59 W85-70399 147-21-09 W65-70284 Advanced Magnetometer Astrophysical CCD Development Chemical Evolution 676-59-75 W85-70497 188-78-60 W85-70403 199-50-12 W85-70430 Weather Forecasting Expert System CHARGE TRANSFER Space Ecweonmental Effects on Materials and Durable 90664-23 W85-70570 Astrophysical CCD Development Space Materiels: Long Term Space Exposure CLOSED CYCLES 186-78-60 W85-70403 482-53-27 W85-70599 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology CHARGE TRANSFER DEVICES CHEMISORPTION 506-54-23 W85-70156 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 482-57-39 W85-70618 506-53-11 W85-70133 Human Factors in Space Systems CHARGED PARTICLES CHEMISTRY 506-57-20 W85-70189 Space Plasma Data Analysis Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 442-20-01 W85-70457 506-53-11 W85-70133 Support CHEMICAL ANALYSIS PACE Flight Experiments 506-64-31 W85-70246 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 179-00-00 W85-70366 Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Effects in Metals and Composites Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 506-64-37 W85-70247 505-33-21 W85-70018 179-10-10 W85-70367 CELSS Development Planetary Materials: Chemistry 199-61-12 W85-70438 152-13-40 W85-70304 CHIPS (ELECTRONICS) CELSS Demonstration Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 199-61-22 W85-70439 152-13-60 W85-70305 310-40-72 W85-70558 Plant Research Facilities Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities CHIRP 199-60-72 W85-70446 152-30-40 W85-70311 Airborne Radar Research CLOTHING Hydrodyn Studies 677-47-03 W85-70514 Avanceq Life Support 196-41-54 W65-70405 CHLORINE 199-61-31 W85-70440 Instrument Development Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry CLOUD COVER 199-30-52 W85.70425 199-50-16 W85-70431 FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiies as CHLOROPHYLLS 542-03-14 W85-70254 Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Ocean Productivity Meteorological Parameters Extraction 199-50-20 W85-70432 161.30-02 W85-70352 146-66-01 W85-70271

I-9 CLOUD PHYSICS SUBJECT INDEX

CLOUD PHYSICS Giotto PIA Co-I OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry 156-03.04 W85.70331 506-63-31 W85-70226 188-41-53 W85-70391 COMET TAILS Space Station Customer Data System Focused CLOUDS Extended Atmospheres Technology In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 154-80-80 W85-70321 482-58-16 W85-70621 542-03-51 W85-70257 COMPILERS The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and International Halley Watch (IHW) Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid History 156-02-02 W85-70326 Dynamics 154-10-80 W85-70313 505-31-01 W85-70001 Giotto Didsy Co-I Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 156-03-07 W85-70333 HALLS Inter-Center Board 154-30-80 W85-703 t 5 506-54-57 W85-70162 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Testing and Analysis of DOD ADA Language for 188-38-52 W85-70384 154-40-80 W85-70316 NASA Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on COMETARY ATMOSPHERES 506-58-18 W85-70203 Mars Aaronomy Theory and Analysis/comet Models COMPONENT RELIABILITY 154 -60-60 W85-70318 156-04-80 W85-70323 Power Systems Management and Distribution VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Extended Atmospheres 506-55-72 W85-70176 155-04-80 W85-70324 154-60-80 W85-70321 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 157-04-80 W85-70342 156-03-05 W85-70332 Aeronautics Aerosol Formation Models COMETS 505-33. t 0 W85-70016 672-31-99 W85-70483 Aaronomy: Chemistry Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 154-75-80 W85-70319 505-33-72 W85-70026 Clouds Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-investigator Support Rotorcraft Airframe Systems 672-32-99 W85-70484 156-03-03 W85-70330 505-42-23 W85-70061 CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY) Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction (SEMPA) Development Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 542-03-14 W85-70254 157-03-70 W85-70336 506-53-15 W85-70135 CMOS Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Effects of Space Environment on Composites Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 157-04-80 W85-70341 506-53-25 W85-70137 310-40-72 W85-70558 Theoretical Space Plasma Physics Hyperveiocity Impact Resistance of Composite COASTAL ECOLOGY 442-36-55 W85-70462 Materials Ocean Ecology COMMAND AND CONTROL 506-53-27 W85-70138 199-30-42 W85-70424 Mission Operations Technology Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance COASTAL WATER 310-40-45 W85-70555 Program Ocean Productivity COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT 323-51-66 W85-70264 161-30-02 W85-70352 Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Long Term Space Exposure COCKPITS 505-42-92 W85-70067 482-53-23 W85-70597 Advanced Transport Operating Systems Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft COMPOSITE STRUCTURES 505-45-33 W85-70093 505-43-52 W85-70078 Composites for Airframe Structures CODING Icing Technology 505-33-33 W86-70021 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 505-45-54 W85-70097 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Integration COMMONALITY 505-33-53 W85-70024 505-45-41 W85-70095 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Propulsion Materials Technology Satellite Switching and Processing Systems 906-63-30 W85-70566 505-33-62 W85-70025 650-60-21 W85-70474 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects Long Term Space Exposure Network Systems Technology Development 906-80-11 W85-70587 482-53.23 W85-70597 310-20-33 W85-70542 COMMUNICATION COMPRESSIBLE FLOW Satellite Communications Technology Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications Aarobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 310-20-38 W85-70543 Technology Technology Development Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA 506-58-25 W85-70207 506-51-17 W85-70130 Networks Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies COMPRESSORS 310.20-46 W85-70545 643-10.01 W85-70467 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Communication Systems Research Experiments Coordination and Mission Support 505-31-04 W85.70003 310-20-71 W85-70551 646-41-01 W85-70471 COMPTON EFFECT Digital Signal Processing COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Gamma Ray Astronomy 310-36-70 W85-70552 Experiments Coordination and Missmn Support 188-46-57 W85-70396 COEFFICIENTS 646-41-01 W85-70471 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics 676-20-01 W85-70491 Program Support Communications Network 505-31-03 W85-70002 COLORADO 506-37-49 W85-70054 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Shertgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research RF Components for Satellite Communications 505-31-04 W85-70003 677-26-02 W85-70500 Systems Viscous Flows COLUMNS (PROCESS ENGINEERING) 650-60-22 W85-70475 505-31-11 W86-70004 Solar System Exploration COMMUNICATION SATELLITES Mathematics for Engineering and Science 199-50-42 W85-70435 Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology 505-31-83 W85-70015 COMBAT 506-62-22 W85-702t 6 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory 505-36-21 W85.70042 505-34-31 W85-70033 Filings Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-16 643-10-02 W85-70468 Processing Systems 533-02-61 W65-70117 New Application Concepts and Studies 505-37-01 W85-70049 COMBUSTION 643-10-02 W85-70469 Central Computer Facility Computational Flame Radiation Research Experiments Coordination and Mission Support 505-37-41 W85-70053 505-31-41 W85-70010 646-41-01 W85-70471 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology 505-45-43 W85-70096 505-43-83 W85-70083 650-60-20 W85-70473 Numarmal Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS)Program PACE Flight Experiments Satellite Switching and Processing Systems 536-01-11 W85-70126 179-00-00 W85-70366 650-60-21 W85-70474 Computational and Experimental Aarothermodynamics COMBUSTION CHAMBERS RF Components for Satellite Communications 506-51-11 W85-70127 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Systems Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 505-31-04 W85-70003 650-60-22 W85-70475 506-51-13 W85-70128 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) Communications Laboratory for Transponder Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Project Development The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 533-04-12 W85.70121 650-60-23 W85-70476 188-41-53 W85-70392 COMBUSTION PHYSICS Advanced Studies COMPUTATIONAL GRIDS Computational Flame Radiation Research 650-60-26 W85-70477 Mathematics for Engineering and Science 505-31-41 W85-70010 Satellite Communications Technology 505-31-63 W85-70015 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station 310-20-38 W85-70543 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN 179-20-62 W85-70373 Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment Reduced Gravity Combustion Science 906-55-61 W85-70563 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Woond 179-80.51 W85-70380 COMPARISON Composites COMET NUCLEI 505-33-31 W85-70020 Solar System Exploration Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 199-50-42 W85-70435 Control Theory and Analysis 506-62-25 W85-70218 COMPATIBILITY 505-34-03 W85-70028 Extended Atmospheres Power Systems Management and Distribution Engineering Data Management and Graphics 154-80-80 W85-70321 506-55-72 W85-70176 505-37-23 W85-70052

1-10 SUBJECT INDEX CONCURRENTPROCESSING

Advanced Space Structures Human Factors in Space Systems Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent 506-53-43 W85-70143 506-57-20 W85-70189 Processing Systems Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 505-37-01 W85.70049 506-57-27 W85-70194 Interagency Support Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual 506-60.t0 W85-70209 505-90-28 W85-70102 Reusable High-Pressure Mean Engine Technology Design Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) 506-62-23 W85-70217 506-60-19 W85-70211 Project Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual 533-04-12 W85-70121 Transportation Systems Design Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS)Program 506-63-23 W85-70223 506-62-23 W85-70217 536-01-11 W85-70126 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Enginsedng Requirements Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology for Data and Functional Interfaces) 323-51-05 W85-70263 506-53-55 W85.70148 199-61-41 W85-70441 Planetanj Clouds Particulates and ices Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 154-30-80 W85-70315 310-40.72 W85-70558 Giotto Ephemeris Support 506-60-49 W85-70214 COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING 156-03-02 W85-70329 Planetary Materials-Carbonac_3ous Meteorites Engineering Data Management and Graphics Geodyn Program 152-13-60 W85-70305 505-37-23 W85-70052 676-30-01 W85-70492 The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the COMPUTER GRAPHICS Image Processing Capability Upgrade International Halley Watch (IHW) Mathematics for Engineering and Science 677-80-22 W85-70522 156-02-02 W85-70326 505-31-83 W85-70015 Software Engineering Technology Giotto Halley Modelling Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 310-10-23 W85-70535 156-03-01 W85-70328 505-34-33 W85-70034 Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Engineering Data Management and Graphics Cryo Storage Research 505-37.23 W85-70052 906-75-52 W85-70585 196-41-67 W85-70406 Teleoporator Human Interface Technology Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study Biospheric Modelling 506-57-25 W85-70192 482-53-53 W85-70604 199-30-12 W85-70418 Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Space Station Thermal-To-Electric Conversion COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION 677-50-52 W85-70516 482-55-62 W85-70609 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Image Processing Capability Upgrade Power System Control and Modelling Dynamics 677-80-22 W85-70522 482-55-75 W85-70611 505-31-01 W85-70001 Space Systems and Navigation Technology Space Station Operations Language Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics 310-10-63 W85-70541 482-58-18 W85-70623 505-31-03 W85-70002 Operations Support Computing Technology COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES Mathematics for Engineering and Science 310-40-26 W85-70553 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base 505-31-83 W85-70015 TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Flight Management 906-75-06 W85-70580 (DBMS/MMA) 505.35-13 W85-70037 506-58-19 W85-70204 Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Applications Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems Systems 906-75-59 W85-70586 (EPAMS) 505-37-03 W85-70050 Space Data Technology 323-53.50 W85-70268 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration 482-58-13 W85-70620 COMPUTER SYSTEMS DESIGN 505-45-43 W85-70096 COMPUTER NETWORKS Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Software Technoicgy for Aerospace Network Computer 505-34-17 W85-70031 533-02-81 W85-70119 Systems Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Human Factors in Space Systems 505-37-03 W85.70050 Processing Systems 506-57-20 W85-70189 Program Support Communications Network 505.37-01 W85-70049 Telooporator Human Interface Technoicgy 505-37-49 W85-70054 Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital 506-57-25 W85-70192 Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Electronic Control) Advanced Technologies for Specebome Information Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 533-02-21 W85-70112 Systems 506-54-55 W85-70160 Optical Information Proceseing/Photophysics 506-58-11 W85-70197 Advanced Technologies for Spaceporne Information 506-54-11 W85-70152 Space Systems Analysis Systems Ground Control Human Factors 506-64-19 W85-70240 506-58-11 W85-70197 506-57-26 W85-70t 93 On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) 506-64-23 W85-70241 656-42-01 W85-70478 Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support Extended Network Analysis Station 156-03-03 W85-70330 482-56-11 W85-70619 506-58.12 W85-70198 Terrestrial Biology Space Station Customer Data System Focused Software Engineering Technology 199-30-36 W85-70423 Technology 310-10-23 W85-70535 Chemical Evolution 482-58-16 W85-70621 Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 199-50-12 W85.70430 Data Systems Information Technology 310-40-72 W85-70558 Origin end Evolution of Life 482-58-17 W85-70622 199-50-32 W85-70434 COMPUTER SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE COMPUTER PROGRAMMING Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Communication Systems Research Training Program in Large-scale Scientific Computing 310-20-71 W85-70551 505-36-60 W85-70048 Processing Systems 505-37-01 W85-70049 Space Station Communication and Tracking Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Technology COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS Systems 482-59-27 W85-70625 Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent 505-37-03 W85-70050 COMPUTERS Optical Information Precessing/Photophysics Processing Systems Human Factors Facilities Operations 505-37-01 W85-70049 506-54-11 W85-70152 505-35-81 W85.70041 HALLS Inter-Center Board Reliable Software Development Technology Aerospace Computer Science University Research 506-54-57 W85-70162 505-37-13 W85-70051 506-54-50 W85-70159 Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION) System (MR/CAS) Electronic Control) Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 323-53-80 W85-70269 533-02-21 W85-70112 147-11-00 W85-70276 Space Station Operations Language Automation Systems Research Planetary Materials: Geochronology 482-58-18 W85.70623 506-54-63 W85-70164 152-t 4-40 W65-70306 COMPUTER PROGRAMS A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space 152-15-40 W85-70307 Dynamics Station Solidification Processes 505-31-01 W85-70001 506-58-12 W85-70198 179-80-60 W85-70381 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics CONCENTRATORS Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 505-31-04 W85-70003 506-64-15 W85-70238 Multi-kW Solar Arrays Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 506-55-49 W85-70171 Extended Data Analysis 505-31-21 W85-70007 199-70-41 W85-70442 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Polymers for Laminated and Filament.Wound Astrophysics) Composites Systems Engineering and Management Technology 879-11-46 W85-70534 310-40-49 W85-70557 505-33-31 W85-70020 Space Station Thermea-To-Electric Conversion High Speed (Supor/Hyporsonic) Technology Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 482-55-62 W85-70609 505-43-83 W85-70083 310-40-72 W85-70558 CONCURRENT PROCESSING Computational and Experimental Aarothermodynamics COMPUTER TECHNIQUES Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer 506-51-11 W85-70127 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics Systems Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical 505-31-21 W85-70007 505-37-03 W85-70050 Techniques Mathematics for Engineering and Science Space Systems and Navigation Technology 506-57-15 W85-70187 505-31-83 W85-70015 310-10-63 W85-70541

1-11 CONDENSING SUBJECT INDEX

CONDENSING CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERES High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protosteflar Human Factors in Space Systems and Theoretical Studies Disks 506-57-20 W85-70189 385-46-01 W85-70452 151-02-60 W85-70296 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution COSMIC X RAYS A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 152-20-40 W85-70310 X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development and Evolution of Presolar Grains CONTROLLED SYSTEMS DESIGN 188-46-59 W85-70399 152-12-40 W85-70303 Fault Tolerant Systems Research COSMOCHEMISTRY CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER 505-34-13 W85-70030 A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties Laboratory and Theory Rotorcraft Systems Integration and Evolution of Presolar Grains 186-36-53 W85-70387 532-06-11 W85-70105 152-12-40 W86-70303 CONFERENCES Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics COSMOLOGY NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality 506-51-13 W85-70128 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Assurance Seminars Spacecraft Controls and Guidance 151-02-60 W85-70295 323-51-90 W85-70265 506-57-13 W85-70186 The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites CONICAL BODIES Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System 151-02-60 W85-70297 Aerotherrnal Loads Design and Analysis Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites 506-51-23 W85-70131 906-54-61 W85-70560 151-05-60 W85-70300 CONIFERS Multifunctional Smart End Eftector Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of 482-52-25 W85-70594 152-11-40 W85-70301 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer CONTROLLERS Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites 677-27-20 W85-70505 Technology for Advanced Pr()pulsion Instrumentation 152-13-60 W85-70305 CONSTANTS 505-40-14 W85-70055 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand 152-t 5-40 W85-70307 147-21-03 W85-70283 906-75-06 W85-70580 Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology Atmospheric Photochemistry CONVECTION 186-41-22 W85-70389 147-22-02 W85-70286 Solidification Processes High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation CONSUMABLES (SPACECREW SUPPLIES) 179-80-60 W85-70381 and Theoretical Studies CELSS Development Crystal Growth Process 385-46-01 W85-70452 199-61-12 W85-70438 179-80.70 W85.70382 COSMOS SATELLITES Avanced Life Support Crystal Growth Research Extended Data Analysis 199-61-31 W85-70440 179-80-70 W85.70383 199-70-41 W85-70442 CONTAINERLESS MELTS COOLING COST ANALYSIS Containeriess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Containerless Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Synthesis Methods Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Charectedstics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 506.53-59 W85-70150 179-20-55 W85-70371 179-20-55 W85-70371 Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Mesospheric-Stratospheric Waves Robotics 179-20-62 W85-70373 673-61-02 W85-70488 506-54-65 W85-70165 Containerless Processing COOLING SYSTEMS Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 179-80-30 W85-70378 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Ufe and Performance 506-62-25 W85-70218 CONTAMINATION Technology Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Onboard Propulsion 506-60-12 W85-70210 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 506-60-22 W85-70212 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 506-64-14 W85-70237 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Propellant Storage Space Systems Analysis 482-64-31 W85- 70631 506-64-25 W85-70242 506-64-19 W85-70240 CONTINENTAL SHELVES Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis Ocean Productivity 157-03-70 W85-70337 506*64°23 W85-70241 161-30-02 W85-70352 COOPERATION Development of the NASA MetroIogy Subsystem of the CONTINUOUS SPECTRA Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology NASA Equipment Management System Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Interagency Support 323-52-60 W85-70266 The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 506-60-10 W85-70209 New Application Concepts and Studies 188-41-53 W85-70392 CORONAGRAPHS 643-10-02 W85-70469 CONTINUUM FLOW Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Facility Scavenging Study 506-51-13 W86-70128 188-78-38 W86-70400 906-63-33 W85-70567 CONTRACTS CORONAL HOLES Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study National Transonic Facility (NTF) Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 906-63-39 W85-70569 505-31-63 W85-70014 188-36-52 W85-70384 SDV/Advanced Vehicles CONTROL CORRELATION 906-65-04 W85-70572 Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Infrared and Sub-Millimetar Astronomy Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation 505-42-92 W85-70067 188-41-55 W85-70393 906-70-29 W85-70577 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology CORROSION Satellite Servicing Program Plan 506-64-15 W85-70238 Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 906-75-50 W85-70584 CELSS Development 506-53-11 W85-70133 Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) 199-61-12 W85-70438 Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Development Work Station Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control Matdces and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 906-80-13 W85-70588 Systrns Analysis 506-53-15 W85-70135 COST EFFECTIVENESS 482-57-13 W85-70617 CORROSION RESISTANCE Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound CONTROL EQUIPMENT Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental Composites Multifunctional Smart End Effector Effects in Metals and Composites 505-33-31 W85-70020 482*52-25 W85-70594 505-33-21 W85-70018 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support COSMIC BACKGROUND EXPLORER SATELLITE 506-34-17 W85-70031 Systems Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology Reliable Software Development Technology 482-64-37 W86-70632 188-41-22 W85-70389 505-37-13 W85-70051 CONTROL SIMULATION COSMIC DUST Thermal Structures Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 506-53-33 W85-70140 505-43-13 W85-70073 152-11-40 W85-70301 Space Systems Analysis CONTROL THEORY Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 506-64-19 W85-70240 Applied Flight Control 152-12-40 W85-70302 Space Station Operations Technology 505-34-01 W85-70027 Planetary Materials: Chemistry 506-64-27 W85-70244 Control Theory and Analysis 152-13-40 W85-70304 Lunar Base Power System Evaluation 505-34-03 W85-70028 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 323-54-01 W85-70270 Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 152-20-40 W85-70310 New Application Concepts and Studies 505-34-33 W85-70034 Solar System Exploration 643-10-02 W85-70469 Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 199-50-42 W85-70435 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 506-53-57 W85-70149 COSMIC RAYS Studies CONTROLLABILITY A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 692-59-45 W85-70526 Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research and Evolution of Presolar Grains Digital Signal Processing and Technology 152-12-40 W85-70303 310-30-70 W85-70552 505-42-11 W85-70060 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies Operations Support Computing Technology RSRA Flight Research/R0tors 152-17-40 W85-70308 310-40-26 W85-70553 505-42-51 W85-70063 Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture High*Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Studies Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 505-43-11 W85-70072 188-46-56 W85-70394 906-65-33 W85-70573 Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research Tether Applications in Space 506-63-40 W85-70232 188-46-57 W85-79397 906-70-00 W85-70574

1-12 SUBJECT INDEX DATA ACQUISITION

Data Systems Information Technology CROP IDENTIFICATION CRYSTAL STRUCTURE 482-58-17 W85-70622 Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Optical Information Processing/Photophysics 506-54-11 W85-70152 Space Station Communication and Tracking Project 667-60-16 W85-70479 Technology CRYSTALLIZATION 482-59-27 W85.70625 CROP INVENTORIES Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research 152-12-40 W85-70302 482-64-41 W85.70633 Project Glass Research COST ESTIMATES 667-60.16 W85-70479 179-14-20 W85-70369 CRUISE MISSILES Transport Composite Primary Structures CRYSTALS 534-06-13 W85-70123 High.Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 505-43-23 W85-70074 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology and Lidar Research and Technology CRUSTAL FRACTURES 506-64-15 W85-70238 506-54-26 W85-70158 Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support CUMULUS CLOUDS 692-61-03 W85-70529 Development Upper Atmospheric Measurements CRUSTS 161-10-03 W85-70351 147-14-99 W85-70281 Early Crustal Genesis ERS-1 Phase B Study CURING 152-19-40 W85-70309 161-40-11 W85-70355 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound CRYOGENIC COOLING COST REDUCTION Composites Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Propulsion Materials Technology 505-33-31 W85-70020 and Lidar Research and Technology 505-33-62 W85.70025 Composite Materials and Structures 506-54-26 W85-70158 Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems 534-06-23 W85-70124 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 506-55-79 W85-70180 Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Propellant Storage Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 506-60-19 W85-70211 506-64-25 W85-70242 506-53-15 W85-70135 Radio Systems Development Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 310.20-66 W85-70548 506-60-42 W85-70213 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 482-53-27 W85-70599 506-63-39 W85-70231 Space Station Operations Technology CURRENT SHEETS 506-64-27 W85-70244 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Coronal Data Analysis 650-60-21 W85-70474 Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration 385-38-01 W85.70450 542-03-06 W85-70252 Space Systems and Navigation Technology CV-990 AIRCRAFT CRYOGENIC FLUID STORAGE 310-10-63 W85-70541 Microwave Pressure Sounder COSTS Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research 146-72-01 W85-70273 506-54-21 W85-70154 Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol 157-04-80 W85-70343 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic Climatic Effects Research Mission Study - Topex Propellant Storage 672-21-99 W85-70482 161-10-01 W85-70350 506-64-25 W85-70242 Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and CELSS Demonstration In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard Clouds Support 199-61-22 W85-70439 672-32°99 W85-70484 506-64-26 W85-70243 ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research CYBERNETICS 672-50-99 W85-70485 Space Station Operations Technology Human Engineering Methods 506-64-27 W85-70244 COUNTER ROTATION 505-35-33 W85-70040 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) Teleoperetor and Cryogenic Fluid Management CYCLES 506-64-29 W85-70245 505-45-58 W85.70098 Ocean Ecology CRACK INITIATION Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 199-30-42 W85-70424 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 906-63-03 W85-70564 Effects in Metals and Composites Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and 505-33-21 W85-70018 Cryo Storage D Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 906-75-52 W85-70585 506-53-11 W85-70f 33 CRYOGENIC ROCKET PROPELLANTS DAMAGE CRACK PROPAGATION Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic Transport Composite Primary Structures Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental Propellant Storage 534.06-13 W85-70123 Effects in Metals and Composites 506-64-25 W85-70242 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT 505-33-21 W85-70018 In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard Deployable Truss Concepts Life Prediction for Structural Materials Support 482-53-49 W85.70603 505-33-23 W85.70019 506-64-26 W85-70243 DAMPING CRASHES Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) V/STOL Fighter Technology Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems 906-63-03 W85.70564 505-43-03 W85-70071 (EPAMS) Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 323-53-50 W85-70268 Cryo Storage Experiment) CRASHWORTHINESS 906-75-52 W85-70585 542-03-43 W85-70255 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics CRYOGENICS Crystal Growth Research 505-33-53 W85-70024 Test Techniques 179-60-70 W85-70383 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and 505-31-53 W85-70012 DAST PROGRAM Crashworthiness National Transonic Facility (NTF) Loads and Aereelasticity 505-45-11 W85-70085 505-31-63 W85-70014 505-33-43 W85-70023 CRATERS Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research DATA ACQUISITION Planetary Materials: Geochronology 506-54-21 W85-70154 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 152-14-40 W85-70306 Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) 505-43-23 W85-70074 CRAY COMPUTERS 506-62-42 W85-70220 Facility Upgrade Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent 505-43-60 W85-70079 505-31.03 W85-70002 Research (Space) Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 506-90-21 W85-70248 Crashworthiness 505-40.74 W85-70058 Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planotary 505-45-11 W85-70085 CREW STATIONS Astronomy Power Systems Management and Distribution - Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 157-05-50 W85-70344 Environmental Interactions Research and Technoiogy 505-34-33 W85-70034 Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant 506-55-75 W85-70178 Flight Management Scavenging Study Telsoperator Human Factors 505.35-13 W85-70037 906-63-33 W85-70567 506-57-29 W85-70195 CREW WORK STATIONS Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space 906-63-39 W85-70569 506-63-31 W85-70226 506-57-27 W85-70194 Manned Module Thermal Management System Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) Telepresence Work Station 482-56-89 W85.70616 506-63-32 W85-70227 906-75-41 W85-70583 Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems CRYOSTATS Human Behavior and Performance (EPAMS) Spacelab 2 Supedluid Helium Experiment 482-52-21 W85-70593 323-53-50 W85-70268 542-03-13 W85-70253 CRITERIA Mars Data Analysis CRYSTAL GROWTH Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) 155-20-40 W85-70325 506-63-40 W85-70232 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station ERS-1 Phase B Study 179-20-62 W85-70373 CRITICAL FLOW 161-40-11 W85-70355 National Transonic Facility (NTF) Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Scafferometar Research 505-31-63 W85-70014 179-48-00 W85-70377 161-80-39 W85-70362 CROP DUSTING Crystal Growth Process GTE CV-990 Measurements Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint 179-80-70 W85-70382 176-20-99 W85-70364 Research Project Crystal Growth Research Interdisciplinary Research 677-60-17 W85-70518 179.80-70 W85-70383 199-90-71 W85-70447

1-13 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SUBJECT INDEX

Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) 676-20-01 W85-70491 Application Experiment (Transportation Technology Verification--OEX Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 906-63-37 W85-70568 Program) 677-27-04 W85-70504 Weather Forecasting Export System 506-63-36 W85.70229 Regional Crustal Dynamics 906-64-23 W85-70570 Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the 692-61-02 W85-70528 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture NASA Equipment Management System DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 323-52-60 W85-70266 Flight Management 906-65-33 W65-70573 Meteorological Parameters Extraction 505-35-13 W85-70037 Orbital Debris 146-66-01 W85-70271 Computer Science Research and Technology: Software 906-75.22 W85-70581 Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 154-20-80 W85-70314 506-54-55 W85-70160 Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Computer Science Research Applications International Halley Watch (IHW) 506-54-56 W85-70161 906-75-59 W85-70586 156-02-02 W85-70326 Advanced Technologies for Spacaborne Information Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings International Halley Watch Systems 482-55-49 W85-70607 156-02-02 W85-70327 506-58-11 W85-70197 Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and Giotto Ephemeris Support Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Storage 156-03.02 W85-70329 Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 482-55-52 W85-70608 Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes (DBMS/MMA) Space Station Customer Data System Focused 161-80-15 W85-70359 506-58-19 W85-70204 Technology GTE CV-990 Measurements Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 482-58-16 W85-70621 176.20.99 W85-70364 323-51-05 W85-70263 DATA COMPRESSION Extended Data Analysis Data Base Development Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems 199.70-41 W85-70442 199-70-52 W85-70443 (EPAMS) Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) 323-53-50 W85-70268 385-38-01 W85-70449 656-42.01 W85-70478 DATA CORRELATION High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Structural Analysis and Synthesis and Theoretical Studies 310-40.37 W85-70554 506-53-51 W85-70146 385-46-01 W85-70452 Space Data Technology Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 482-58-t 3 W85-70620 Technology Clouds Space Station Customer Data System Focused 506-60.12 W85-70210 672-32-99 W85.70484 Technology Stratospheric Dynamics 482-58-16 W85-70621 Data Survey and Evaluation 673-61-99 W85.70490 Data Systems Information Technology 147-5t-02 W85-70289 Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint 482-58-17 W85-70622 Dynamics of PlanetaP/Atmospheres Research Project DATA BASES 154-20-80 W85-70314 677-60-17 W85-70518 Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Planetary Clouds Particulates and ices Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 505-31-23 W85-70008 154-30-80 W85-70315 692-05-05 W85-70524 Reliable Software Development Technology Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Space Systems and Navigation Technology 505-37-13 W85-70051 161-80-01 W85-70358 310-10-83 W85-70541 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes Data Processing Technology 505-42-23 W85-70061 161-80-15 W85-70359 310-40-46 W85-70556 High-Spoed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration X-Ray Astronomy Systems Engineering and Management Technology 505-43-23 W85-70074 188-46-59 W85-70398 310-40-49 W85-70557 Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Hydrodyn Studies Extended Network Analysis 505-43-52 W85-70078 482-58-11 W85-70619 196-41-54 W85-70405 Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Space Station Customer Data System Focused 505-43-81 W85-70082 Coronal Data Analysis Technology Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise 385-38-01 W85-70450 482-58-16 W85-7062t Gradient/B57-B High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation DATA PROCESSING TERMINALS 505-45-10 W85-70084 and Theoretical Studies Operations Support Computing Technology Transport Composite Primary Structures 385-46-01 W85-70452 310-40-26 W85-70553 534-06-13 W85-70123 Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) DATA REDUCTION Advanced Turboprop Technology 656-42-01 W85-70478 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise 535-03-12 W85-70125 Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Gradient/B57-B Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators 692-05-05 W85-70524 505-45-10 W85-70084 506-54-22 W85-70155 DATA LINKS Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave High Performance Solar Array Research and Satellite Communications Technology Radiometers Technology 310-20-38 W85-70543 505-45-15 W85-70088 506-55-45 W85-70170 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space 482-57.39 W85-70618 506-83-44 W85.70234 506-57.27 W85-70194 DATA MANAGEMENT FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Teleoperator Human Factors information Data Systems (IDS) 542-03-14 W85-70254 506-57.29 W85-70195 506-58- t 5 W85-70200 Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture (Temp A) 506-62-45 W85-70222 Study 542-03-53 W85-70258 Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 506-64-17 W85-70239 Data Survey and Evaluation 506-64-29 W85-70245 Data Processing Technology 147-51-02 W85-70289 Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 310-40-46 W85-70556 Studies of Planetary Rings 323-51-05 W85-70263 DATA PROCESSING 151-05-60 W85-70299 Data Survey and Evaluation Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the 147-51-02 W85-70289 505-34-17 W85-70031 International Halley Watch (IHW) Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement 156-02-02 W85-70326 161-80-38 W85-70361 505-34-31 W85.70033 Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support Microgravity Science and Application Support Aeronautics Graduate Research Program 156-03-03 W85-70330 179-40-62 W85-70376 505-36-21 W85-70042 Giotto PIA Co-I Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent 156-03-04 W85-70331 Studies) Processing Systems Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes 199-11-21 W85-70409 505-37-01 W85-70049 161-80-15 W85-70359 Psychology Program Support Communications Network GTE CV-990 Measurements 199-22-62 W85-70416 505-37-49 W85-70054 176-20-99 W85-70364 A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical Facility Upgrade Reduced Gravity Combustion Science Research in Wetlands 805-43-60 W85-70079 179-80-51 W85-70380 199-30-35 W85-70422 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Data Base Development Crashworthiness 188-38-52 W85-70385 199-70-52 W85-70443 505-45.11 W85-70085 Interdisciplinary Research Aerospace Computer Science University Research Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis 199-90-71 W85-70447 506-54-50 W85-70159 385-38-01 W85-70449 High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation Multi-kW Solar Arrays High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation and Theoretical Studies 506-55-49 W85-70171 and Theoretical Studies 385-46-01 W85-70452 Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information 385-46-01 W85-70452 Space Plasma Data Analysis Systems Gravity Grediometar Program 442-;_0-01 W85-70457 506-58-11 W85-70197 676-59-55 W85-70496 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Data Systems Information Technology Regional Crust Deformation 677-27-02 W85-70502 506-58-16 W85-70201 692-61-01 W85-70527

1-14 SUBJECT INDEX DIGITAL SYSTEMS

DATA RETRIEVAL Regional Crust Deformation In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard Extended Data Analysis 692-61-01 W85-70527 Support 199-70-41 W55-70442 Regional Crustal Dynamics 506-64-26 W85.70243 DATA SMOOTHING 692-61-02 W85-70528 Space Station Operations Technology Engineering Data Management and Graphics Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support 506-64-27 W85-70244 505-37-23 W85-70052 692-61-03 W85-70529 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop DATA STORAGE DEGRADATION Dynamics Module Engineering Data Msnegerni_nt and Graphics Effects of Space Environment on Composites 542-03-01 W85-70251 505-37-23 W85-70052 506-53-25 W85-70137 Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support Flight Test Operations Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance 156-03-03 W85-70330 505-42-61 W85-70064 Program Astrophysical CCD Development Automated Subsystems Management 323-51-66 W85-70264 188-78.60 W86-70403 506-54-67 W85-70166 Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Solar System Exploration Erasable Optical Disk Buffer Tubes for Structural Applications 199-50-42 W86-70435 506-58-10 W85-70196 482-53-25 W85-70598 Large Primate Facility Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data DELINEATION 199-60-52 W85-70445 Processing A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogecchemical Plant Research Facilities 506-58-13 W85-70199 Research in Wetlands 199-80-72 W85-70446 Information Data Systems (IDS) 199-30-35 W85-70422 Advanced Magnetometer 506-55-15 W85-70200 DEMODULATION 675-59-75 W85-70497 Data Systems Information Technology Communication Systems Research Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 506-58-16 W85-70201 310-20-71 W85-70551 906-63-03 W85-70564 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA DEMODULATORS OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Networks Satellite Switching and Processing Systems 906-63-30 W85-70566 31 9-20.46 W85-70545 650-60-21 W85.70474 Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Data Processing Technology DENDRITIC CRYSTALS 906-75-23 W85-70582 310-40-46 W85-70556 Solidification Processes Telepresence Work Station DATA SYSTEMS 179-80-60 W85-70381 906-75-41 W85-70583 Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics DENSITY MEASUREMENT Data and Software Commonalit'j on Orbital Projects 506-51-11 W65-70127 In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 906-80-11 W85-70587 A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) 542-03-51 W85-70257 Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and 906-90.22 W85-70591 Station Cryo Storage Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control 506-58-12 W85-70198 906-75-52 W85-70585 Systms Analysis Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data DEPLOYMENT 482-57-13 W85-70617 Processing Space Technology Experiments-Development of the DETECTION 506-58.13 W85-70199 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics Data Systems Information Technology 506-62-43 W85-70221 677-27-03 W85-70503 506-58-16 W85-70201 Deployable Truss Structure Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Space Station Data System Analysis/Architacture 482-53-47 W85-70602 Research Project Study DEPOSITION 677-60-17 W85-70516 506-64-17 W85-70239 Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres DIELECTRICS Systems Engineering and Management Technology 154-20-80 W85-70314 Power Systems Management and Distribution 310-40-49 W85-70557 DESERTS 506-55-72 W85-70176 DATA TRANSMISSION Add Lands Geobotany Advanced Power System Technology Extended Network Analysis 677-42-09 W85-70512 506-55-76 W85-70179 482.58-11 W85-70619 DESIGN Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications DEBRIS CELSS Demonstration Technology Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 199-61-22 W85-70439 506-58-25 W85-70207 482-64-41 W85-70633 DESIGN ANALYSIS DIESEL ENGINES DECIDUOUS TREES Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of 505-35-11 W85-70036 505.40-68 W85-70057 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatteromater Reliable Software Development Technology DIETS 677-27.20 W85-70505 505-37-13 W85-70051 Bone Physiology DECISION MAKING Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F.106B 199-22.31 W85-70413 Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and 533-02-43 W85-70115 DIFFERENTIATION (BIOLOGY) Robotics Advanced Turboprop Technology Developmental Biology 506-54-65 W85-70165 535-03-12 W85-70125 199-40-22 W85-70427 Teleoperator Human Interface Technology Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space DIGITAL COMPUTERS 506-57-25 W85-70192 506-53-41 W85-70142 Geodyn Program Operations Support Computing Technology Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development 676-30-01 W85-70492 310-40-26 W85-70553 506-53-45 W85-70144 DIGITAL DATA Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Development Work Station Development 505-31-55 W85-70013 906-80-13 W85-70588 506-53-49 W85-70145 Advanced Controls and Guidance DEEP SPACE Structural Analysis and Synthesis 505-34-11 W85-70029 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 506-53-51 W85.70146 Extended Atmospheres Technology Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology 154-80-80 W85-70321 506-58-25 W85-70207 506-53-55 W85-70148 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design DEEP SPACE NETWORK Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 677-27-02 W85-70502 Radio Metric Technology Development 506-53-57 W85.70149 Airborne Radar Research 310-10-60 W85-70538 Advanced Electrochemical Systems 677-47-03 W85-70514 Frequency and Timing Research 506-55-55 W85.70173 Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 310-10-62 W85.70540 Power Systems Management and Distribution - 677-50-52 W85-70516 Space Systems and Navigation Technology Environmental Interactions Research and Technology Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint 310-10-63 W85.70541 506-55-75 W85-70178 Research Project Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Thermal Management for Advancsd Power Systems and 677-60-17 W85-70518 310-20-64 W85.70546 Scientific instruments Image Processing Capability Upgrade Antenna Systems Development 506-55-86 W85-70163 677-80-22 W65-70522 310-20-65 W85.70547 Teleoperator Human Interface Technology Satellite Communications Technology Optical Communications Technology Development 506-57-25 W85-70192 310-29-38 W86-70543 310-20-67 W85-70549 Ground Control Human Factors DIGITAL SYSTEMS DEFENSE PROGRAM 506-57-26 W85-70193 Advanced Controls and Guidance Interagency Assistance and Testing Teieoperator Human Factors 505-34-I I W85-70029 505-43-31 W85-70075 506-57-29 W85-70195 Fault Tolerant Systems Research Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information 505-34-13 W85-70030 505-43.33 W85-70076 Systems Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls DEFLECTION 506-58-11 W85-70197 505-43-13 W85-70073 Flight Load Analysis Onboard Propulsion Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital 505-33-41 W85-70022 506-60-22 W85-70212 Electronic Control) DEFORESTATION Technology Requirements for Advanced Space 533-02-21 W85-70112 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Transportation Systems Advanced Fighter Technology IntogratlonlF-16 677-27-02 W85-70502 506-63-23 W85-70223 533-02-61 W85-70117 DEFORMATION Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Propellant Storage (EPAMS) 692-05-05 W85-70524 506-64.25 W85-70242 323-53.50 W85.70268

1-15 DIGITAL TECHNIQUES SUBJECT INDEX

Network Hardware and Software Development Tools Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 310-40-72 W85-70558 Background 506,63-44 W85-70234 DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 186,41-22 W85-70388 Studies of Planetary Rings Thin-Route User Terminal Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology 151-05-60 W85-70299 646-41-03 W85-70472 188-41-22 W88-70389 DYNAMIC CONTROL Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 505-43-13 W85-70073 656,60-21 W85-70474 Using the DSN Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 188-41-22 W85-70390 DYNAMIC MODELS 677-50-52 W85-70516 DOWNLINKING Spacecraft Controls and Guidance 506-57-13 W85-70186 Digital Signal Processing Communications Laboratory for Transponder 310-30-70 W85-70552 Development Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on Data Processing Technology 650-60-23 W85-70476 Mars 310-40-46 W85-70556 DRAG 155-04-80 W86,70323 DIODES Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research Tether Applications in Space Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 505-31-15 W85-70006 906-70-00 W85-70574 and Lidar Research and Technology DRAG REDUCTION Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study 506-54-26 W85-70158 Viscous Flows 482-53-53 W85-70604 Erasable Optical Disk Buffer 505-31-11 W85-70004 DYNAMIC RESPONSE 506-88-10 W85-70196 Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Bass 505-31-13 W85-70005 Gradient/B57-B Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research 505-45-10 W85-70084 (DBMS/MMA) 505-31-t5 W85-70006 Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and 506-58-19 W85-70204 High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating Synthesis Methods Laser Communications Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and 506-53-59 W85-70150 506-58-26 W85-70208 Materials Technology Extended Atmospheres Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor 505-43-43 W85-70077 154-80-80 W85-70321 147-11-07 W85-70278 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DIRECT CURRENT 505-45-43 W85-70096 Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology 505-33-72 W85-70026 Automated Power System Control Laminar Flow Integration 482-55-72 W85-70610 505-45-63 W85-70100 Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION (CRYSTALS) DRIFT RATE 506-53-40 W85-70141 Solidification Processes Gamma-Ray Astronomy Advanced Space Structures 179-80-60 W85-70381 188-46-57 W85-70395 506,53-43 W85-70143 DISCONTINUITY DROP TESTS Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology 506-53-55 W85-70148 Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis Interegency Assistance and Testing 385-38-01 W85-70449 505-43-31 W85-70075 Space Systems Analysis DISEASES DROP TOWERS 506,64-19 W85-70240 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Ground Experiment Operations Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Studies) 179-33-00 W85-70374 Experiment) 199-t 1-21 W88-70409 Containedess Processing 542-03-43 W86,70255 DISPLACEMENT 179-80-30 W85-70378 Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Rogiona_ Crustal Dynamics DROPS (LIQUIDS) 542-03-44 W85-70256 692-61-02 W85-70528 Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment DISPLAY DEVICES 506,55-73 W85-70177 (SADE) 906-55-10 W85-70562 Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques Thermal Management 505-34-33 W85-70034 506-55-82 W85-70182 Deployable Truss Structure 482-53-47 W85-70602 Flight Management Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop DYNAMICS 505-35-13 W85-70037 Dynamics Module Advanced Transport Operating Systems 542.03-01 W85-70251 Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics 505-45-33 W85-70093 DRUGS 506-53-40 W85-70141 Automated Subsystems Management Cardiovascular Physiology 506-54-67 W85-70166 199-21-12 W85-70410 E Human Factors in Space Systems DUAL THRUST NOZZLES 506-57-20 W85-70189 Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology EARTH (PLANET) Manned Control of Remote Operations 506-60-t 9 W85-70211 506-57-23 W85-70191 DURABILITY Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment 542-03-13 W85-70253 Space Plasma Data Analysis Thermal Structures 442-20.01 W85-70457 506-53-33 W85-70140 Planetary Geology 151-01-20 W85-70291 Human Behavior and Performance Long Term Space Exposure Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 482-52-21 W85-70593 482-53-23 W85-70597 151-01-60 W85-70292 Multifunctional Smart End Effector Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 482-52-25 W85-70594 Tubes for Structural Applications 152-11-40 W85-70301 Space Data Technology 482-53-25 W85-70598 Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 482-58-13 W85-70620 Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 152-12-40 W85.70302 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure Planetary Materials: Chemistry Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer 482-53-27 W85-70599 152-13-40 W86,70304 Systems DUST Chemical Evolution 505-37-03 W85-70050 Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 199-50-12 W85-70430 Computer Science Research Mars Eady Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochem_try 506-54-56 W85-70161 155-04-80 W85-70323 199-50-16 W85-7043 DSN Monitor and Control Technology Giotto PIA CO-I Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 310-20-68 W85-70550 156,03-04 W85-70331 Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples DIURNAL VARIATIONS Giotto Didsy Co-I 199-50-20 W85-70432 Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 156-03-07 W85-70333 Organic Geochemistry Mars Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer 199-50-22 W85-70433 155-04-80 W85-70323 (SEMPA) Development Life in the Universe DOCUMENTATION 157-03-70 W85-70336 199-50-52 W85-70436 Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Ames Research Center Initiatives Electronic Control) 157-04-80 W85-70342 199-90-72 W85-70448 533-02-21 W85-70112 DUST STORMS Space Plasma Data Analysis Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 442-20-01 W85-70457 542.03-44 W85-70256 151.01-60 W85-70292 Geopotentiai Fields (Magnetic) DOCUMENTS Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 676,20.01 W85-70491 Oceanic Remote Sensing Library 154-30-80 W85-70315 Crustal Motion System Studies 161-50-02 W85-70356 DYE LASERS 692-59-0 t W85-70525 DOPPLER EFFECT Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 506-54-23 W85-70156 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics Studies Development DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 692-59-45 W85-70526 161-10-03 W85-70351 High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics DOPPLER RADAR 505-43-11 W85-70072 EARTH ATMOSPHERE Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) 505-45-13 W85-70086 505-45-58 W85-70098 506-54-23 W88-70156 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) Atmospheric Photochemistry 505-45-18 W85-70089 Experiment (Transportation Technology Verification--OEX 147-22.02 W85-70286 Wind Measurement Assessment Program) Interdisciplinary Science Support 146,72-04 W85-70275 506-63-36 W85-70229 147-51-12 W85-70290

1-16 SUBJECTINDEX ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRATION)

Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLIES 154-60-60 W85-70317 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Automated Power Management Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Studies) 482-55-79 W85-70613 693-05-05 W85-70530 199-11-21 W85-70409 ELECTRIC PROPULSION EARTH AXIS Interdisciplinary Research Electric Propulsion Technology Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) 199-90-71 W85-70447 506-55-22 W85-70167 ECOLOGY 693-05-05 W86,70530 Systems Anelysis-Space Station Propulsion Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland EARTH CORE Requirements Ecosystems Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) 506-64-12 W85-70235 676-20-01 W85-70491 199.30-26 W85-70420 Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System Long Term Applications Research EARTH CRUST (lAPS) 668-37-99 W85-70481 542-05-12 W85-70261 Multispectral Analysis of Ultremafic Terranes Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 677.41-29 W85-70510 Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation 677-26-02 W85-70500 906-70-29 W85-70577 Regional Crust Deformation Ecolegically-Oriented Stratification Scheme Resistojet Technology 692-61-01 W85-70527 677-27-01 W85-7050t 482.50-22 W85-70592 Regional Crustal Dynamics Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design ELECTRIC ROCKET ENGINES 692-61-02 W85-70528 677-27-02 W85-70502 Electric Propulsion Systems Technology Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 506-55-25 W85-70168 692-61-03 W85-70529 677-27-03 W85-70503 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EARTH ENVIRONMENT ECOSYSTEMS Space Data Technology Long Term Applications Research Terrestrial Biology 482-58-13 W85-70620 668-37-99 W85-70481 199-30-32 W85-70421 ELECTRICAL INSULATION EARTH MANTLE Long Term Applications Research Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics 668-37-99 W85-70481 Development 693-61-02 W85-70531 Terrestrial Ecosystams/Biegeochemical Cycling 906-70-30 W85-70578 EARTH MOVEMENTS 677-26-99 W85-70498 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES Regional Crust Deformation Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Tarm Ecological Research Space Durable Matadals 692-61-01 W85-70527 677-26-02 W85-70500 506-53-23 W85-70136 EDDY CURRENTS Regional Crustal Dynamics TharmaI-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology 692-61-02 W85-70528 Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 506-55-65 W85-70175 EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE) 676-30-05 W85-70493 ELECTRO-OPTICS EDUCATION FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics 542-03-14 W85-70254 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Research and -Technology Sea Surface Temperatures 505-36-21 W85-70042 506-54-15 W85-70153 161-30-03 W85-70353 Graduate Program in Aeronautics Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts EARTH ORBITS 505-36-22 W85-70043 482-57-39 W85-70618 Computational and Experimental Aerotbermodynamics Graduate Program in Aeronautics ELECTROCHEMISTRY 506,51-11 W65-70127 505-36-23 W85-70044 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Multi-kW Solar Arrays Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics 506-55-52 W85-70172 506-55-49 W85-70171 (JiAA) ELECTRODES Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems 506-36-41 W85-70045 Advanced Electrochemical Systems 506-55-79 W85-70180 Training Program in Large-Scale Scientific Computing 506-55-55 W85-70173 Large Scale Systems Technology Control and 505-36-69 W85-70048 ELECTRODYNAMICS Guidance NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality Tether Applications in Space 506-57-19 W85-70188 Assurance Seminars 906-70-00 W85-70574 Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems 323.51-90 W85-70265 Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Technology Planetary Materiels: Preservation and Distribution 906-70-29 W85-70577 152-20-40 W85-70310 506-62-26 W85-70219 Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device EFFICIENCY Conceptual Characterization and Technology Development Assessment CELSS Development 906-70-30 W85-70578 506-63-29 W85-70225 199-61-12 W85-70438 ELECTROLYSIS Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) EFFLUENTS Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development 146-72-02 W85-70274 Resistojet Technology Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 482-50-22 W85-70592 482-55-77 W85-706t 2 Development EJECTORS ELECTROLYTES 161-10-03 W85-70351 Powered Lift Research and Technology Advanced Electrochemical Systems Gravity Probe-B 505-43-01 W85-70070 506-55-55 W85-70173 186-78-41 W85-70402 Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Cardiovascular Physiology Space Systems and Navigation Technology 505-43-52 W85-70078 199-21-12 W85-70410 310.10-63 W85-70541 ELECTRIC BA'I-rERIES Biochemistry, Endocdnology, and Hematology (Fluid and Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Advanced Power System Technology Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) Tubes for Structural Applications 506-55-76 W85-70179 t 99-21-51 W85-70411 482-53-25 W85-70598 ELECTRIC CHARGE ELECTROLYTIC CELLS EARTH PLANETARY STRUCTURE Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager Advanced Electrochemical Systems Lithospharic Investigations Program Support Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles 506,55-55 W85-70173 693-61-03 W85-70532 154-90-80 W85.70322 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS EARTH RESOURCES ELECTRIC COILS Containedess Processing Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 179-86,30 W85-70378 Project 676-30-05 W85-70493 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE 667-60-16 W85-70479 ELECTRIC CONTACTS Power Systems Management and Distribution - TIMS Data Analysis Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 677-41-03 W85-70506 482-55-42 W85-70606 506-55-75 W86,70178 Arid Lands Geobotany ELECTRIC DISCHARGES ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES 677.42-09 W85-70512 Advanced Power System Technology Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere EARTH ROTATION 506-55-76 W85-70179 Interaction Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE 442-36-55 W85-70461 693-05-05 W85-70530 Power Systems Management and Oistributien - ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics Environmental Interactions Research and Technology Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 693-61-02 W85-70531 506-55-75 W85-70178 152-17-40 W85-70308 EARTH SATELLITES ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE FILTERS Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Radio Systems Development Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems Development 482-55-77 W85-70612 310-20-66 W85-70548 161-10-03 W85-70351 ELECTROMAGNETISM ELECTRIC FIELDS EARTH SURFACE Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Program Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles 506-54-23 W85-70156 323-51-66 W85-70264 154-90-80 W85-70322 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAn ELECTRON BEAMS Images Electrostatic Containedess Processing Technology Submillimetar Wave Backward Wave Oscillators 677-46-02 W85-70513 179-20-56 W85-70372 506-54-22 W85-70155 EARTH TERMINALS Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric ELECTRON COUNTERS Experiments Coordination and Mission Support Magnetospheric Coupling) Gamma-Ray Astronomy 646-41-01 W85-70471 442-36-56 W86,70463 188-46-57 W85-70395 EARTHQUAKES Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRATION) Lithosphedc Structure and Mechanics Experiments Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations 693-61-02 W85-70531 445-11-36 W85-70465 442-20-01 W85-70455

1-17 SUBJECT INDEX ELECTRON EMISSION

ELECTRON EMISSION ENDOCRINOLOGY Helicopter Transmission Technology 505-42-94 W85-70068 Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Development Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 906-70-30 W85-70578 199-21-51 W85-70411 505-43.83 W85-70083 Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines ELECTRON GUNS Bone Physiology 533-05.12 W85-70122 Space Plasma Laboratory Research 199-22-31 W85-70413 ENGINE INLETS 442-20-01 W85-70454 Muscle Physiology ELECTRON MICROSCOPES 199-22-42 W85-70415 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 505-43-83 W85-70083 Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer ENERGETIC PARTICLES ENGINE MONITORING INSTRUMENTS (SEMPA) Development Effects of Space Environment on Composites High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine 157-03-70 W85-70336 506-53-25 W85-70137 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Technology Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development 525-02-12 W85-70249 Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 157-04-80 W85-70343 152-11-40 W85-70301 ENGINE PARTS Gamma Ray Astronomy Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 188-46-57 W85-70396 505-33-72 W85-70026 152-17-40 W85-70308 Giotto PIA Co-I Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 505-43-83 W85-70083 156-03-04 W85-70331 Plasmas ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE 441-06-01 W85-70453 High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine Technology Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 525-02-12 W85-70249 Tubes for Structural Applications Analysis 482-53-25 W85-70598 442-20-01 W85-70456 Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) ELECTRON PRECIPITATION Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Technology 525-02-19 W85-70250 Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport 442-20-02 W85-70458 ENGINE TESTS 673-41-13 W85-70487 ENERGY ABSORPTION ELECTRONIC CONTROL Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 505-40-74 W85-70058 Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital 505.42-23 W85-70061 Electronic Control) ENERGY CONSERVATION High Spsed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 505-43-83 W85-70083 533-02-21 W85-70112 Laminar Flow Integration ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT 505-45-63 W85-70100 High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine Airiah Operations ENERGY CONSUMPTION Technology 525-02-12 W85-70249 505.34-23 W85-70032 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Advisory Group on Electron Devices (AGED) 505-45-83 W85-70101 506-54-10 W85-70151 Manned Module Thermal Management System Technology ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT TESTS 482-56-89 W85-70616 525-02-19 W85-70250 Power Systems Management and Distribution - ENERGY CONVERSION ENGINEERING Environmental Interactions Research and Technology SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems Training Program in Large-Scale Scientific Computing 506-55-75 W85-70178 506-55-82 W85-70174 505-36-60 W85-70048 ENGINEERING DRAWINGS ELECTRONICS Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Advisory Group on Electron Devices (AGED) 506-55-73 W85.70177 Tether Applications in Space 906-70-00 W85-70574 506-54-10 W85-70151 Space Energy Conversion Support ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 506-55-80 W85-70181 179-10-10 W85-70367 Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and Biospheric Modelling 199-30-12 W85-70418 ELECTRONS Storage Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition 482-55-52 W85-70608 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Studies ENERGY CONVERSION EFFICIENCY 673-61-07 W85-70489 ENVIRONMENT MODELS 188-46-56 W85-70394 Photovoltaic Energy Conversion ELECT OPHORESlS 506-55-42 W85-70169 Giotto Halley Modelling 156-03-01 W85-70328 Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology Support 506-55-85 W85-70175 Origin and Evolution of Life 179-13-72 W85-70368 ENERGY GAPS (SOLID STATE) 199-50-32 W85.70434 Electrostatic Containeriess Processing Technology Photovoltsic Energy Conversion Regional Crustal Dynamics 179-20-56 W85-70372 506-55-42 W85-70169 692-61-02 W85-70528 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Bioseparation Processes ENERGY LEVELS 179-80-40 W85-70379 Gamma-Ray Astronomy Deployable Truss Concepts ELECTROSTATIC ENGINES 188-46-57 W85-70395 482-53-49 W85-70603 Electric Propulsion Technology ENERGY SPECTRA ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION NASA-Ames Reseamh Center Vertical Gun Facility 506-55-22 W85-70167 Gamma Ray Astronomy 151-02-60 W85-70298 ELECTROSTATICS 188-46-57 W85-70396 Electrostatic Containerless Processing Technology ENERGY STORAGE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL 179-20-56 W85-70372 • High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Automated Subsystems Management 506-54-67 W85-70166 ELECTROTHERMAL ENGINES 505-45-83 W85-70101 CELSS Development Electric Propulsion Technology Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 199-61-12 w85-70438 506-55-22 W85-70167 506-55-52 W85-70172 ELEVONS Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Resistojet Technology 482-50-22 W85-70592 Aerothermal Loads 506-55-73 W85-70177 506-51-23 W85-70131 Advanced Power System Technology Platform Systems/Life Support Technology 482-64-31 W85-70631 EMBRYOLOGY 506-55-76 W85-70179 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Developmental Biology Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and 199.40-22 W85-70427 Storage Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support EMISSION 482-55-52 W85-70608 Systems 482-64-37 W85-70632 Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland ENGINE AIRFRAME INTEGRATION ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Ecosystems Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 199-30-26 W85-70420 505-42-92 W85-70067 Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support EMISSION SPECTRA Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Systems 482-64-37 W85-70632 Airborne IR Spectrometry 505-43-13 W85-70073 ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS 147-12-99 W85-70279 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration TIMS Data Analysis 505-43-23 W85-70074 Power Systems Management and Distribution 506-55-72 W85-70176 677-41-03 W85-70506 Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 505-43-33 W85-70076 ENVIRONMENTS 879-11-41 W85-70533 High Performance Configuration Concepts integrating Origin and Evolution of Life 199-50-32 W85-70434 EMISSIVITY Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and EPHEMERIDES Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land Materials Technology Cover Typos 505-43-43 W85-70077 Giotto Ephemeris Support 156-03-02 W85-70329 677-53-01 W85-70517 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology ENCLOSURES 505-43-83 W85-70083 EPHEMERIS TIME Plant Research Facilities Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics Giotto Ephemeris Support 156-03-02 W85.70329 199.80-72 W85-70446 Integration END-TO-END DATA SYSTEMS 505-45-41 W85-70095 EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 906.80-11 W85-70587 505-45.43 W85-70096 323-51.05 W85-70263 Space Station Customer Data System Focused ENGINE DESIGN ERROR ANALYSIS Technology Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety 482-58-16 W85-70621 505-40-84 W85-70059 505-35-21 W85.70038 Data Systems Information Technology Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development 482-58-17 W85-70622 505-42-92 W85-70067 506-53-45 W86-70144

1-18 SUBJECT INDEX FAILURE ANALYSIS

Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and Chemical Evolution EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBlUTY UNITS Robotics 199-50-12 W85-70430 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) 506.54-65 W85.70165 Plant Research Facilities 482-64-30 W85-70630 Giotto Ephemeris Support 199-80-72 W85-70446 EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCIES 156-03-02 W85-70329 EXPERIMENT DESIGN Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) Technology Development Experiment (Transportation Technology Varification--OEX 506-58-25 W85-70207 161-10-03 W85-70351 Program) Frequency and Timing Research Radio Metric Technology Development 506-63-36 W85-70229 310-10-62 W85-70540 310-10-60 W85-70538 Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Advanced Transmitter Systems Development ERRORS 179-10-10 W85-70367 310-20-64 W85-70546 Ground Experiment Operations Space Human Factors 179-33.00 W85.70374 Radio Systems Development 506-57-21 W85-70190 310-20-66 W85-70548 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Geopotantial Fields (Magnetic) 179-48-00 W85-70377 676-20-01 W85-70491 Crystal Growth Research Data Processing Technology 179-80-70 W85-70383 F 310-40-46 W85-70556 Large Primate Facility ERS-1 (ESA SATELLITE) 199-80-52 W85-70445 F-104 AIRCRAFT ERS-1 Phase B Study EXPERIMENTATION Flight Support 161-40-1 t W85-70355 Experiments Coordination and Mission Support 505-43-71 W85-70081 Airborne Radar Reseamh 646-41-01 W85-70471 Ground Experiment Operations 677-47-03 W85-70514 EXPERT SYSTEMS 179-33-00 W85-70374 ESTIMATES Computer Science Research and Technology: Software F-106 AIRCRAFT Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) Image Data/Coocurrent Solution Methods Vortex Flap Flight Expariment/F-106B 676-20-01 W85-70491 506-54-55 W85-70160 533-02-43 W85-70115 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems F-111 AIRCRAFT 677-27-02 W85-70502 506.54-61 W85-70163 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics Human Factors in Space Systems (AFTI/F-111 ) 677.27-03 W85-70503 506-57-20 W85-70189 533-62-11 W85-70111 Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information F-15 AIRCRAFT 677-27-04 W85-70504 Systems Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F.15 Highly integrated Digital ESTIMATING 506-58-11 W85-70197 Electronic Control) Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 533-02-21 W85-70112 677-50-52 W85-70516 506-64-15 W85-70238 F-16 AIRCRAFT ESTUARIES Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Advanced Fighter Technology Intogration/F-16 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 677-50-52 W85-70516 533-02-61 W85-70117 677-64-01 W85-70521 Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) Decoupler Pylon Flight Evalcation ETCHING Development Work Station 533-02-71 W85-70118 Submillimetar Wave Backward Wave Oscillators 906-80-13 W85-70588 F-17 AIRCRAFT 506-54-22 W85-70155 Automated Power Management Decoupier Pylon Flight Evaluation EUROPE 482-55-79 W85-70613 533-02-71 W85-70118 Regional Crust Deformation EXPLORER SATELLITES 1:-18 AIRCRAFT 692-61-01 W85-70527 Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY Studies " 533-02.01 W85-70109 Giotto Ephemeris Support 188-46.56 W85-70394 High Angle-of-Attack Technology 156-03-02 W85-70329 EXPOSURE 533-02-03 W85-70110 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable F-4 AIRCRAFT 159-38-01 W85-70345 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure Spenwise Blowing ERS-1 Phase B Study 482-53-27 W85-70599 533-02-33 W85-70114 161-40-11 W85-70355 EXTERNAL TANKS F-6 AIRCRAFT EUROPEAN SPACE PROGRAMS Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant Oblique Wing Research Aircraft Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development Scavenging Study 533-02-91 W86.70120 157-04-80 W85-70343 906-63-33 W85-70567 FABRICATION Orbiting Very Long Baseline Intarferometry (OVLBI) EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO SOURCES Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound 159-41-03 W85-70348 Radio Metric Technology Development Composites EVALUATION 310-10-60 W85-70538 505-33-31 W85-70020 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) EXTRATERRESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 505-34.17 W85-70031 The Search for ExtratarTestrisi Intelligence (SETI) 505-40-74 W85-70058 Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 199-50.62 W85-70437 Thermal Structures 506-62-25 W85-70218 EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE 506-53-33 W85-70140 Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Program 199-50-62 W85-70437 506-53-41 W85-70142 323-51-66 W85-70264 EXTRATERRESTRIAL MATTER Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development EVOLUTION (DEVELOPMENT) Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 506-53-45 W85-70144 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies 152-17-40 W85-70308 Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 151-02-60 W85-70295 Planetary Matanals: Presorvation and Distribution 506-53-57 W85-70149 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar 152-20-40 W85-70310 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Disks EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIATION Scienlific Instruments 151-02-60 W85-70296 Effects of Space Environment on Composites 506-55-86 W85-70183 Studies of Planetary Rings 506-53-25 W85-70137 Onboard Propulsion 151-05-60 W85-70299 EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY 506-60-22 W85-70212 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 151-05-80 W85-70300 Support 506-62-45 W85-70222 TheoretP_,al Interstellar Chemistry 506.64-31 W85-70246 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop 188-41-53 W85-70391 Superfluid Helium On-Odbt Transfer Demonstration Dynamics Module Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy 542-63-06 W85-70252 542-63-01 W85-70251 188-41-55 W85-70393 Crew Health Maintenance Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Gravity Perception 199-11-11 W85-70408 Program 199-40-12 W85-70426 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment 323-51-66 W85.70264 Organic Gocchemistry-Earty Solar System Volatiles as (SADE) RF Components for Satellite Communications Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples 906-55-10 W85-70562 Systems 199-50-20 W85-70432 650-60-22 W85-70475 Ames Research Center Initiatives Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 199-90-72 W85.70448 Servicing Technology 906-55-61 W85-70563 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 482-52-29 W85-70595 FABRICS 677-41-24 W85-70509 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Rotcrcraft Airframe Systems EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY Systams/Advaoced EVA Operating Systems 505-42-23 W85-70061 Cardiovascular Physiology 482-61-41 W85-70628 FAILURE ANALYSIS 199-21-12 W85-70410 Advanced Extravehicular Acthn'tySystem Space Station Reliable Software Development Techno4ogy EXHAUST NOZZLES Focused Technology 505-37-13 W85-70051 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 482-61-47 W85-70629 Transport Composite Primary Structures 505-43-83 W85-70083 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) 534-06-13 W85-70123 EXOBIOLOGY 482-64.30 W85-70630 Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Crew Health Maintenance Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Synthesis Methods 199-11-11 W85-70408 482-64-41 W85-70633 506.53-59 W85-70150

1-19 FAILURE MODES SUBJECT INDEX

Space Technology Experiments-Development of the FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound 542-03-54 W85-70259 506-62-43 W85-70221 Composites FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS FAILURE MODES 505-33-3 t W85-70020 Flight Load Analysis Transport Composite Primary Structures Composite Materials and Structures 505-33-41 W85-70022 534-06-13 W85-70123 534-06-23 W85-70124 Applied Flight Control Space Technology Experiments-Development of the FIGHTER AIRCRAFT 505-34-01 W85-70027 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Powered Lift Research and Technology Flight Support 506-62-43 W85-70221 505-43-01 W85-70070 505-43-71 W85-70081 FANS V/STOL Fighter Technology Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft 505-43-03 W85-70071 505-45-23 W85-70091 505-43-52 W85-70078 High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Spanwise Slowing FAR INFRARED RADIATION 505-43-11 W85-70072 533-02-33 W85-70114 Sensor Research and Technology Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls FLIGHT CONDITIONS 506,54-25 W85-70157 505-43-13 W85-70073 Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 505-45-13 W85-70086 188-41-55 W85-70393 505-43-23 W85-70074 FLIGHT CONTROL FATIGUE (MATERIALS) Interagency Assistance and Testing Loads and Aeroelasticity Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 505-43.31 W85-70075 505-33-43 W85-70023 Aeronautics Operational Problems Firaworthiness and Applied Flight Control 505-33-10 W85-70016 Crashworthiness 505-34-01 W85-70027 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 505-45-11 W85-70085 Advanced Controls and Guidance Effects in Metals and Composites Transport Composite Primary Structures 505-34-11 W85-70029 505-33-21 W85-70018 534-06-13 W85-70123 Fault Tolerant Systems Research Life Prediction for Structural Materials FILM COOLING 505-34-13 W85-70030 505-33-23 W85-70019 Aerothermal Loads Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Composites for Aidrame Structures 506-51-23 W85-70131 505-34-31 W85-70033 505-33-33 W85-70021 FILMS Flight Management System - Pilot/control Interface Composite Materials and Structures Long Term Space Exposure 505-35-11 W85-70036 534-06,23 W85-70124 482-53-23 W85-70597 Flight Management FAULT TOLERANCE FILTRATION 505-35-13 W85-70037 Applied Flight Control Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology Reliable Software Development Technology 505-34-01 W85-70027 188-41-22 W85-70389 505-37- t 3 W85-70051 Fault Tolerant Systems Research FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Flight Test Operations 505-34-13 W85-70030 JIAFS Base Support 505-42-61 W85-70064 Airlab Operations 505-36-43 W85-70047 Simulation Facilities Operations 505-34-23 W85-70032 FINE STRUCTURE 505-42-71 W85-70065 Reliable Software Development Technology Gravity Gradiometer Program Powered Lift Research and Technology 505-37-13 W85-70051 676-59-55 W85-70496 505-43-01 W85-70070 Aerospace Computer Science University Research FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 506,54-50 W85-70159 Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics 505-43-13 W85-70073 A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) 505-31-03 W85-70002 Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Support Station 154-20-80 W85-70314 532-09-11 W85-70108 506-58-12 W85-70198 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research Information Data Systems (IDS) Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) 533-02-01 W85-70109 506,58-t 5 W85-70200 Project Advanced Fighter Technology Intogration/F-16 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 533-04-12 W85-70121 533.02-61 W85-70117 506-64-15 W85-70238 Regional Crust Deformation Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Space Data Technology 692-61-61 W85-70527 Transportation Systems 482-58-13 W85-70620 Regional Crustal Dynamics 506-63-23 W85-70223 FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS 692-61-02 W85-70528 FLIGHT CREWS Automated Subsystems Management Lithospharic Structure and Mechanics Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface 506-54-67 W85-70166 693-61-02 W85-7053t 505-35-11 W85-70036 Large Primate Facility FIRE CONTROL Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety 199-80-52 W85-70445 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-16 505-35-21 W85-70038 Piloted Simulation Technology Network Systems Technology Development 533-02-61 W85-70117 505-35-31 W85-70039 310-20-33 W85-70542 FIRE PREVENTION Operational Problems Firaworthiness and FLIGHT FATIGUE Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of . Crashworthiness Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) 505-35-21 W85-70038 310-20-39 W85-70544 505-45-11 W85-70085 FIRMWARE FLIGHT HAZARDS Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Operational Problems Fireworthiness and System Technology 506,64-15 W85-70238 Crashworthiness 906-80-14 W85-70589 FISHES 505-45-11 W85-70085 Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B 482-53-53 W85-70604 677-64-01 W85-70521 505-45- t 3 W85-70086 FEEDING (SUPPLYING) FLAME PROBES Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development Computational Flame Radiation Research 505-45-18 W85-70089 Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors 505-31-41 W85-70010 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 506-56,23 W85-70206 FLAME SPECTROSCOPY Testing and Analysis of DOD ADA Language for FERTILIZATION Computational Flame Radiation Research NASA Developmental Biology 505-31-41 W85-70010 506-58-18 W85-70203 199-40-22 W85-70427 FLEXIBLE BODIES FLIGHT MECHANICS FIBER OPTICS Analysis and Synthesis/Scaio Model Study Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation 482.53-53 W85-70604 505-36-21 W85-70042 505-46,14 W85-70055 FLEXIBLE SPACECRAFT Simulation Facilities Operations 505-42-71 W85-70065 Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data Advanced Space Structures Processing 506-53-43 W85-70143 Powered Lift Research and Technology 506-58-13 W85-70199 Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large 505-43-01 W85-70070 Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent Information Data Systems (IDS) Space Structures Research (Aeronautics) 506-58-15 W85-70200 506-53-53 W85-70147 Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical 505-90-28 W85-70103 Data Systems Information Technology FLIGHT OPERATIONS 506,56,16 W85-70201 Techniques 506-57-15 W85-70187 Applied Flight Control Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Large Scale Systems Technology Control and 505-34-01 W85-70027 Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Guidance Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement (DBMS/MMA) 506-57-19 W85-70188 505-34-31 W85-70033 506-58-19 W85-70204 Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety Frequency and Timing Research 506-62-45 W85-70222 505-35-21 W85-70038 310-t 0-62 W85-70540 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Piloted Simulation Technology Space Data Technology Experiment) 506-35-31 W85-70039 482-56,13 W85-70620 542-03-43 W86-70255 Human Factors Facilities Operations Space Station Customer Data System Focused FLIGHT 505-35-81 W85-70041 Technology High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Facility Upgrade 482-56,16 W85-70621 505-45-83 W85-70101 505-43-60 W85-70079

1-20 SUBJECT INDEX FLY BY WIRE CONTROL

High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Aeroacoustics Research High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 505-43-61 W85-70080 505-31-33 W85-70009 505-43-83 W85-70083 Flight Support Test Methods and Instrumentation Powered Lift Systems Technology . V/STOL Flight 505-43-71 W85-70081 505-31-51 W85-70011 Research Program/YAV-8B Space Human Factors National Transonic Facility (NTF) 533-02-51 W85-70116 506-57-21 W85-70190 505-31-63 W85-70014 Computational and Experimental Aerothermedynamics OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support Composites for Airframe Structures 506-51-11 W85-70127 506-63-31 W55-70226 505-33-33 W85-70021 Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics FLIGHT PATHS Flight Load Analysis 506.51-14 W85-70129 Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement 505.33-41 W85-70022 Aerothermal Loads 505-34-31 W85-70033 Loads and Aeroelasticity 506-51-23 W85-70131 Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 505.33-43 W85-70023 Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 505-34.33 W85-70034 Applied Flight Control 506-63-34 W85-70228 Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics 505-34-01 W85-70027 FLOW REGULATORS 506-51-14 W85-70129 Control Theory and Analysis Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and FLIGHT RECORDERS 505-34-03 W85-70028 Scientific Instruments Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems Advanced Controls and Guidance 506-55-86 W85-70183 (EPAMS) 505-34-11 W85-70029 FLOW VELOCITY 323-53-50 W85-70268 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement FLIGHT SAFETY 505-34-17 W85-70031 505-31-55 W85-70013 Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation FLOW VISUALIZATION 505-34-31 W85-70033 505-42-41 W85-70062 Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Flight Management RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 505-31-55 W85-70013 505-35-13 W85-70037 505-42-51 W85-70063 F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety Flight Test Operations 533-02-01 W85-70109 505-35-21 W85-70038 505-42-61 W85-70064 FLUID DYNAMICS Human Factors Facilities Operations Rotorcraft Icing Technology Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid 505-35-81 W85-70041 505-42-98 W85-70069 Dynamics Rotorcraft Icing Technology High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics 505-31-01 W85-70001 505-42-98 W85-70069 505-43-11 W85-70072 Thermal Management Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Interagency Assistance and Testing 506-55-82 W85-70182 505-45-13 W85-70086 505.43-31 W85-70075 Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave Facility Upgrade 506-62-42 W85-70220 Radiometers 505.43-60 W85-70079 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory 505-45-15 W85-70088 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft 179-48-00 W85-70377 Aviation Safety - Atmospheric Processes/B-57 505-45-23 W85-70091 FLUID FLOW 505-45-19 W85-70090 Icing Technology Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Icing Technology 505.45-54 W85.70097 505-31-04 W85-70003 505-45-54 W85-70097 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge Aeroacoustics Research Cardiovascular Physiology Flight Test and VSTFE) 505-31-33 W85-70009 199-21.12 W55-70410 505.45-61 W85.70099 Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Laminar Flow Integration Transfer Applications 505-45-63 W85-70100 906-70-23 W85-70576 906-75-59 W85-70586 RSRAIX-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable FLIGHT SIMULATION 532-09-10 W85-70107 Matehals Test Methods and Instrumentation Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program 482-53-29 W85-70600 505-31-51 W85-70011 Support FLUID MANAGEMENT Applied Flight Control 532-09-11 W85-70108 Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) 505-34-01 W85-70027 High Angle-of-Attack Technology 506.62-42 W85-70220 Control Theory and Analysis 533-02-03 W85-70110 Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration 505-34-63 W85-70028 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 542-03-06 W85-70252 Advanced Controls and Guidance (AFTI/F-111) FLUID MECHANICS 505-34-11 W85-70029 533-02-11 W85-70111 Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 505-42-81 W85-70066 505-34-31 W85-70033 533-02-31 W85.70113 Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Deooupler Pylon Flight Evaluation Research (Aeronautics) 505-35-11 W85-70036 533-02-71 W85-70118 505-90-28 W85-70103 Piloted Simulation Technology Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Aeronautics Independent Research 505-35-31 W85-70039 533-02-81 W85-70119 505.90-28 W85-70104 Human Factors Facilities Operations Oblique Wing Research Aircraft Teleoparator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 505-35-81 W85-70041 533-02-91 W85-70120 506-64-29 W85-70245 Rotorcraft Aeromeohanics and Performance Research Structural Analysis and Synthesis PACE Flight Experiments and Technology 506-53-51 W85-70146 179-00-00 W85-70366 505-42-11 W85-70060 Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 506-53-55 W85-70148 179-10-10 W85-70367 505-42-41 W85-70062 Multi-kW Solar Arrays Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 506-55-49 W85-70171 179-20-62 W85-70373 505-42-51 W85-70063 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and FLUID-SOLID INTERACTIONS Simulation Facilities Operations Scientific Instruments Aerothermal Loads 505-42-71 W85-70065 506-55-86 W85-70183 506-51-23 W85-70131 V/STOL Fighter Technology Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition FLUORESCENCE 505-43-03 W85-70071 506-63-24 W85-70224 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) 506-54-23 W85-70156 505-43-13 W85.70073 Experiment (Transportation Technology Verification--OEX Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement Facility Upgrade Program) 176-40-14 W85-70365 505-43-60 W85-70079 506-63-36 W85-70229 FLUTTER Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spenw!ee Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System Flight Load Analysis Gradient/B57.B (lAPS) 505-33-41 W85-70022 505-45-10 W85-70084 542-05-12 W85-70261 Loads and Aeroelasticity Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Microwave Pressure Sounder 505-33-43 W85-70023 Crashworthiness 146-72-01 W85-70273 Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation 505-45-11 W85-70085 Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 533-02-71 W85-70118 High Angle-of-Aftack Technology 906-55-81 W85-70563 FLUTTER ANALYSIS 533-02-03 W85-70110 Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Interegency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-106B 906-70-29 W85-70577 505.43-33 W85-70076 533-02-43 W85-70115 FLOAT ZONES Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation Oblique Wing Research Aircraft Crystal Growth Process 533-02-71 W85-70118 533-02-91 W85-70120 179-60-70 W85.70382 FLY BY WIRE CONTROL Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) FLOW CHARACTERISTICS Applied Flight Control 506-63-40 W85-70232 National Transonic Facility (NTF) 505-34-01 W85-70027 FLIGHT SIMULATORS 505.31-63 W85-70014 Advanced Controls and Guidance Simulation Facilities Operations Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 505-34-11 W85-70029 505-42-71 W85-70065 506-51-13 W85-70128 RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation FLIGHT TESTS FLOW DISTRIBUTION 532-09-10 W85-70107 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Oblique Wing Research Aircraft 505-31-21 W85-70007 505-43-13 W85-70073 533-02-91 W85-70120

1-21 FLYWHEELS SUBJECT INDEX

FLYWHEELS FREQUENCY MODULATION GAMMA RAY BURSTS Advanced Power System Technology Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Gamma Ray Astronomy 505-55-76 W85-70179 650-60-21 W85-70474 188-46-57 W85-70396 FOILS (MATERIALS) FREQUENCY RANGES GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETERS Long Term Space Exposure Space Communications Technology/Antenna Planetary Materials: Chemistry 482-53-23 W85-70597 Volumetric Analysis 152-13-40 W85-70304 FOLDING STRUCTURES 482-59-23 W85-70624 X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Deployable Truss Structure FREQUENCY RESPONSE 157-03-50 W85-70335 482-53-47 W85-70602 Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer FOLIAGE 506-63-44 W85-70234 157-03-70 W85-70337 Propagation Studies and Measurements FREQUENCY STABILITY GAMMA RAYS 643-10-03 W85-70470 Gamma Ray Astronomy Frequency end Timing Research FOOD 310-10-62 W85-70540 188-45-57 W85-70396 CELSS Development Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research FREQUENCY STANDARDS 199-61-12 W85-70438 188-45-57 W85-70397 Precision Time and Frequency Sources FOOD CHAIN GAS ANALYSIS 310-10-42 W85-70537 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Instrument Development FRICTION 677-64-01 W85-70521 199-30-52 W85-70425 FORECASTING Aircraft Landing Dynamics GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY 505-45-14 W85-70087 Orbital Debris Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 906-75-22 W85-70581 Materials Science-NDE and Tribology 157-04.80 W85-70341 FOREST MANAGEMENT 506-53-12 W85-70134 Instrument Development Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring Lubricant Coatings 199-30-52 W85-70425 667-60-18 W85-70480 482-53-22 W85-70596 Solar System Exploration FORESTS FUEL CELLS 199-50-42 W85-70435 Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development GAS COMPOSITION 667-60-18 W85-70480 Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Terrestrial Ecosystams/B_)geochemical Cycling 482-55-77 W85-70612 Distribution 677-25-99 W85-70498 FUEL CONSUMPTION 175-10-03 W85-70363 GAS DENSITY Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Rotor craft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 677-27-02 W85-70502 505-42-92 W85-70067 Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 188-41-53 W85-70391 FUEL INJECTION 677-27-03 W85-70503 Hydrodyn Studies High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Aircraft Support - Trope, el Forest Dynamics 196-41-54 W85-70405 505-43-83 W85-70083 677-27-04 W85-70504 GAS DETECTORS FUELS Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Instrument Development Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 199-30-62 W85-70425 Forest Canopies Using C.Band Soatterometer 906-64-24 W85-70571 677-27.20 W85.70505 SDV/Advanced Vehicles Solar System Exploration FORMAT 199-50-42 W85-70435 906-65-04 W85-70572 GAS DYNAMICS Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data Therm_Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development 906-65-33 W85-70573 506-51-41 W85-70132 157-04-80 W85-70343 FORMING TECHNIQUES GAS EXCHANGE FUSELAGES Advanced Structural Alloys Atmosphare/Biosphere interactions Operational Problems Fireworthiness and 505-33-13 W85-70017 199-30-22 W85-70419 Crashworthiness GAS LASERS FOSSILS 505-45-11 W85-70085 Hydrodyn Studies Organic Geochemistry Transport Composite Primary Structures 196-41-54 W85-70405 199-50-22 W85-70433 534-06-13 W85-70123 FOURIER TRANSFORMATION GAS MIXTURES Atmospheric Photochemistry Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 147-22-02 W85-70286 G 199-50-16 W85-70431 Solar System Exploration Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary 199.50-42 W85-70435 Astronomy GALACTIC CLUSTERS GAS PATH ANALYSIS 157-05-50 W85-70344 Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Terrestrial Biology FFIACTIONATION The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 188-41-53 W85-70392 199-30-32 W85-70421 Organic Geochemistry GAS TRANSPORT 199-50-22 W85.70433 GALACTIC EVOLUTION Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Act_e Galactic Nuclei Upper Atmospheric Measurements FRACTURE MECHANICS The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 147-14-99 W85-70281 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 188-41-53 W85-70392 GAS TURBINE ENGINES Effects in Metals and Composites GALACTIC NUCLEI Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics 505-33-21 W85-70018 Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei 505-31.O4 W85-70003 Life Prediction for Structural Materials The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 505-33-23 W85-70019 188-41-53 W85-70392 Aeronautics Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology GALACTIC STRUCTURE 505-33-10 W85-70016 505-33-72 W85-70026 GAS-SOLID INTERFACES Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) FRACTURING 879-11-41 W85-70533 Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Composite Materials and Structures GALAXIES 506-53.11 W85-70133 534-06-23 W85-70124 Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Biospheric Modelling FREE FLIGHT TEST APPARATUS 879-11-41 W85-70533 199-30-12 W85-70418 GASES V/STOL Fighter Technology GALILEO PROJECT 505-43-03 W85-70071 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Planetary Geology 151-01-20 W85-70291 FREE MOLECULAR FLOW 159-38-01 W85-70345 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) GALILEO SPACECRAFT 673-61-07 W85-70489 Experiment Development Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 506-63-43 W85-70233 506-63-44 W85-70234 GEARS FREEZING GALLIUM ARSSNIDES Helicopter Transmission Technology PhotovoItalc Energy Conversion 505-42.94 W85-70068 Containeriess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and 506-55-42 W85-70169 Advanced Turboprop Technology Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation High Performance Solar Array Research and 535-03-12 W85-70125 179-20-55 W85-70371 Technology GELS 506-55-45 W85-70170 FREON Glass Research Data Systems Information Technology Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas 179-14-20 W85-70369 506-58-16 W85-70201 Distribution GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT Network Hardware and Software Development Tools 175-10-03 W85-70363 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft 310-40-72 W85-70558 FREQUENCIES 505-45-23 W85-70091 GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Aerodynamics/Propulsion Intngration Gamma-Ray Astronomy 505-45-43 W85-70096 Synthesis Methods 188-46-57 W85-70395 506-53-59 W85-70150 GEOBOTANY Gamma Ray Astronomy FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT 188-46-57 W85-70396 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 677-27-02 W85-70502 Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research 643-10-01 W85-70466 188-46-57 W85-70397 Field Work. Tropical Forest Dynamics FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation 677-27-03 W85-70503 Frequency and Timing Research and Theoretical Studies Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 310-10-62 W85-70540 385-46-01 W85-70452 677-27-04 W85-70504

1-22 SUBJECT INDEX GRAVITATIONAL WAVES

Multispectral Analysis of Uitramefic Terranes GEOMETRY GOES SATELLITES 677-41-29 W85-70510 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 505-43-83 W65-70083 Parameters 677-42-04 W85-70511 GEOMORPROLOGY 161-40-03 W85-70354 Charectedstics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial Arid Lands Geobotany GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY RELATIONS 677 -42-09 W65.70512 Landforms Human Performance Affecting Av_.tion Safety 677-80-27 W85-70523 GEOCHEMISTRY 505-35-21 W85-70038 GEOPHYSICS Program Operations Rotorcraft Icing Technology 151-01-70 W65-70293 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 505-42-98 W85.70069 506-54.23 W85-70156 Icing Technology Eady Crustal Genesis Program Operations 152- t 9-40 W85-70309 505-46.54 W85-70097 151-01-70 W65-70293 Information Data Systems (IDS) JSC General Operations Geophysics and JSC General Operations Geophysics and 506.56.15 W85-70200 Geochemistry Geochemistry 152-30-40 W85-70312 152-30-40 W85-70312 Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology Instrument Development Scatterometer Research 506-62-22 W85-70216 199-30-52 W65-70425 161-80-39 W85-70362 Reduced Gravity Combustion Science Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 179-80-51 W85-70380 199-50-16 W85-70431 692-05-05 W85-70524 GRADIENTS Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Crustal Motion System Studies Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples 692-59-01 W85-70525 Gradient/B57-B 199-50-20 W85-70432 Regional Crustal Dynamics 505-45-10 W85-70084 TIMS Data Analysis 692-61-02 W85-70528 Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 677-41-03 W85-70506 GEOPOTENTIAL 676-90-05 W85-70493 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Gecpotentisi Research Mission (GRM) Studies GRANULAR MATERIALS 677-41-07 W85.70507 676.59-10 W85-70494 A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Gravity Gradiometar Program and Evolution of Presolar Grains 677-41-13 W85-70508 676.59-55 W85.70496 152-12-40 W85-70303 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Advanced Magnetometer GRAPHITE-EPOXY COMPOSITES 677-41-24 W85-70509 676-59-75 W85-70497 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental GEOCHRONOLOGY GEOS 3 SATELLITE Effects in Metals and Composites Rock Weathering in And Environments Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 505-33-21 W85-70018 677-41-07 W85-70507 161-80-38 W85-70361 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and GEODESY GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS Creshworthiness Geodyn Program High Performance Solar Array Research and 505-45-11 W85-70085 676-30-01 W85-70492 Technology Transport Composite Primary Structures Crustal Motion System Studies 506-55-45 W85-70170 534-06-13 W85-70123 692-59-01 W65-70525 Spectrum and Orbit Utiliza0,on Studies Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development GEODETIC SURVEYS 643-10-01 W85o70466 506-53-45 W86-70144 Crustal Motion System Studies Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 692-59-01 W85-70525 310-10-61 W85-70539 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure Regional Crust Deformation Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 482-53-27 W85-70599 692-61-01 W85-70527 and Manned GEO Objectives Erectable Space Structures GEODYNAMICS 906-63-06 W85-70565 482-53-43 W85-70601 Data Analysis - Space Plesma Physics Gecstationary Platforms GRASSES 442-20-02 W85-70458 906-90-03 W85°70590 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Geodyn Program GIO'n'O MISSION 677-64-01 W85-70521 676-30-01 W85-70492 Giotto Halley Modelling GRATINGS (SPECTRA) Superconducting Gravity Gradiometor 15603-01 W85-70328 Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 676-59-33 W85-70495 Giotto Ephemeris SuPport 879-1 t-41 W85-70533 Crustal Motion System Studies 156,03-02 W85-70329 GRAVITATION 692.59-01 W65-70525 Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support Gravity Perception GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 156-03-03 W85-70330 199-40-12 W85-70426 Studies Giotto PIA Co-I Vestibular Research Facility (VRF')/Variable (VGRF) 692-59-45 W85-70526 156.03-04 W85-70331 Gravity Research Regional Crust Deformation Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments 199-80-32 W85-70444 692-61-01 W85-70527 156-03-05 W85-70332 Semi Drag Free Grediometry Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Giotto Dk:lsy Co-I 676-30-05 W85-70493 693-05-05 W85-70530 156.03-07 W85-70333 Crustal Motion System Studies GEOIDS Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development 692-59-01 W85-70525 Gravity Gradiometer Program 157-04-80 W85-70343 Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 676-59-55 W85-70496 GLASS Transfer GEOLOGICAL FAULTS Glass Research 906-70-23 W85-70576 Lithespheric Investigations Program Support 179-14-20 W85-70369 GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE 693-61-03 W85-70532 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS 179-48-00 W85-70377 188-41-53 W85-70391 TIMS Data Analysis GUDE PATHS GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS 677-41-03 W85-70506 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Gradient/B57-B Disks 677-41-07 W85-70507 505-45-10 W85-70084 151-02-60 W85-70296 GEOLOGY GLOBAL AIR POLLUTION Crystal Growth Process Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Bic_e-Atmoaphere Interactions in Wetland 179-80-70 W85-70382 151-05-80 W85-70300 Ecosystems Gravity Perception Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 199-30-26 W85-70420 199-40-12 W85-70426 199-50-16 W85-70431 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEN Biological Adaptation Arid Lands Geobotany Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 199-40-32 W85-70428 677-42-09 W65-70512 Development Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 161-10-03 W85-70351 Gravity Research Images 199-80-32 W95-70444 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 677-46-02 W85-70513 Sttidies Tether Applications in Space Image Processing Capability Upgrade 692-59-45 W85-70526 906-70-00 W85-70574 677-80-22 W85-70522 GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 310-10-61 W85-70539 Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 692-05-05 W65-70524 542-03-54 W85-70259 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Regional Crust Deformation Geodyn Program 906-63-30 W85-70566 692-61-01 W85-70527 676-30-01 W65-70492 Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Regional Crustal Dynamics Gravity Gradiometar Program 692-61-02 W85-70528 System Technology 676-59-55 W65-70496 906-80-14 W85-70589 GEOMAGNETIC TAIL Lithosphedc Structure and Mechanics Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics GLOVES 693-61-02 W85-70531 442-20-02 W85-70458 Platform Systems Research snd Technology Crew/Life GRAVITATIONAL WAVES GEOMAGNETISM Support Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) 506-64-31 W85-70246 Background 676-20-01 W85-70491 GOALS 188-41-22 W85-70388 Geopotential Research Mission (GRM) Studies UPS AR & DA Support Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology 676-59-10 W85-70494 179-40-62 W85-70375 188-41-22 W85-70389

1-23 GRAVITY GRADIOMETERS SUBJECTINDEX

Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches GUST LOADS HAZARDS Using the DSN Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 188-41-22 W85-70390 Gradient/B57-B Interagency Support GRAVITY GRADIOMETERS 505.45-10 W85-70084 506-60-10 W85-70209 Semi Drag Free Gradiornetry GYROSCOPES Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 676-30-05 W85-70493 Gravity Probe-B Transfer Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer 185-78.41 W85-70402 905-70-23 W85-70576 676-59-33 W85-70495 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Gravity Gradiometer Program Systams/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 675-59-55 W85-70496 H 482-61-41 W85-70628 GRAVITY PROBE B Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Gravity Prope-B HABITABILITY 482-64-41 W85-70633 188-78-41 W85-70402 Space Human Factors HAZE GROUND BASED CONTROL 506-57-21 W85-70190 Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol Ground Control Human Factors Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space Climatic Effects 506-57-26 W85-70193 506-57-27 W85-70194 672-21-99 W85-70482 Antenna Systems Development Avanced Life Support HEALTH PHYSICS 310-20-65 W85-70547 199-61-31 W85-70440 Crow Health Maintenance Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial 199-11-11 W85-70408 310-40-37 W85-70554 Landforms HEAT EXCHANGERS GROUND STATIONS 677-80-27 W85-70523 Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems ERS-1 Phase B Study Human Behavior and Performance 506-55-87 W85-70184 161-40-11 W85-70355 482-52-21 W85-70593 Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation HALLS (LANGUAGE) and Transport for Space Station Users and Theoretical Studies HAL/S Inter-Center Board 482-55-66 W85-70614 385-46-01 W85-70452 506-54-57 W85-70162 Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion Now Application Concepts and Studies HALLEY'S COMET 482-60-29 W85-70627 643-10-02 W85-70469 Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models HEAT FLUX Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development 154-60-80 W85-70318 Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 310-10-61 W85-70539 Extended Atmospheres Technology Development GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT 154-60.80 W85-70321 505-51-17 W85-70130 Flight Test Operations The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Radar Studies of the Sea Surface 505-42-61 W85-70064 International Halley Watch (IHW) 161-80-01 W85-70358 Facility Upgrade 156-02-02 W85-70326 Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes 505-43.60 W85-70079 international Halley Watch 161.80.15 W85-70359 Flight Support 155-02-02 W85-70327 HEAT PIPES 505-43-71 W85-7008 t Giotto Halley Modelling Advanced Power System Technology Advanced Transport Operating Systems 15603-01 W85-70328 506-55-76 W85-70179 505-45-33 W85-70093 Giotto Ephemeris Support Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 156-03-02 W85-70329 506-55-87 W85-70184 533-02-61 W85-70119 Giotto PIA Co-I Capillary Pump6d Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 156.03-04 W85-70331 (Temp A) 906-64-24 W85-70571 Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments 542-03-53 W85-70258 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture 156-03-05 W85-70332 Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data Giotto Didsy Co-I 542-03-54 W85-70259 906-65-33 W85-70573 156-03-07 W85-70333 Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development and Transport for Space Station Users Operations Support Computing Technology 157-04-80 W85-70343 482-55-86 W85-70614 310.40-26 W85-70553 HALOCARBONS HEAT RADIATORS GROUND TESTS Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 147-21-09 W85-70284 506-54-22 W85-70155 505-31-21 W85-70007 HANDBOOKS Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Test Methods and Instrumentation Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 542-03-54 W85-70259 505-31-51 W85-70011 Interagency Support Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 506-60-10 W85-70209 and Transport for Space Station Users 533-02-81 W85-70119 HARDENING (MATERIALS) 482-55-86 W85-70614 Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS 506-53-55 W85-70148 542-03-51 W85-70257 Propulsion Materials Technology Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology HARDWARE 505-33-62 W85-70025 506-53-57 W85-70149 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Thermal Structures Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 505-34-17 W85-70031 506-53-33 W85°70140 505-62.45 W85-70222 Airiab Operations HEAT SHIELDING Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System 505-34-23 W85-70032 Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems (lAPS) Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Evaluation 542-05-12 W85-70261 Processing Systems 506-53-31 W85-70139 Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 505-37-01 W85-70049 HEAT SINKS 905-55-61 W85.70563 Central Computer Facility Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems GROUND TRUTH 505-37-41 W85-70053 506-55-67 W85-70184 Hydrodyn Studies Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and HEAT STORAGE 196-41-54 W85-70405 Synthesis Methods SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems Soil Delineation 506-53-59 W85-70150 506-55-62 W85-70174 677-26-01 W85-70499 Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion High Capacitance Thermal Transport System Field Work. Tropical Forest Dynamics 506-60-49 W85-70214 506-55-89 W85.70185 677-27-03 W85-70503 Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Space Station Thermal-To-Electric Conversion TIMS Data Analysis 506-62-45 W85-70222 482-55-62 W85-70609 677-41-03 W85-70506 Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Manned Module Thermal Management System Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 542-03-54 W85-70259 482-56-89 W85-70616 677-42-04 W85-70511 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station HEAT TRANSFER Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land 179.20-62 W85-70373 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Cover Types Plant Research Facilities 505-31-04 W85-70003 677-53-01 W85-70517 199.80-72 W85-70446 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) GROUND WIND Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture Project Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 533-04-12 W85-70121 14666-02 W85-70272 906-65-33 W85-70573 Thermal Management GROWTH Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 506-55-82 W85-70182 Plant Research Facilities Applications Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and 199-60-72 W85-70446 906-75-59 W85-70586 Scientific Instruments GUIDANCE (MOTION) Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 506-55-86 W85-70183 Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 906-90.22 W85-70591 Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems 505-42-4 t W85-70062 Automated Power Management 506-55-87 W85-70184 Shuttle Tethered Aerotherrnodynamic Research Facility 482-55-79 W85-70613 High Capacitance Thermal Transport System (STARFAC) Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 506-55-89 W85-70185 905-70-16 W85-70575 482-64-41 W85-70633 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion GULF OF CALIFORNIA (MEXICO) HARMONIC FUNCTIONS 506-60-42 W85-70213 Ocean Productivity Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 161-30-02 W85-70352 310-20.64 W85-70546 506-63-34 W85-70228

1-24 SUBJECT INDEX HUMAN PERFORMANCE

Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS HOT CORROSION and Transport for Space Station Users Rediobiology Propulsion Materials Technology 482-55-86 W85-70614 199-22-71 W85-70417 505-33-62 W85-70025 Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space HIGH FREQUENCIES HOUSINGS Station Satellite Communications Research and Technology Helicopter Transmission Technology 482-56-87 W85-70615 506-58-22 W85-70205 505-42-94 W85-70068 Manned Module Thermal Management System HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES HOVERING 482-56-89 W85-70616 DSN Monitor and Control Technology Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 310-20.68 W85-70550 Research Program/YAV-8B HEATING EQUIPMENT HIGH POWER LASERS 533-02-51 W85-70116 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Laser Communications HUMAN BEHAVIOR Scientific Instruments 506-58-26 W85-70208 Support for the Committee on Human Factors of the 506-55-86 W85-70183 HIGH PRESSURE National Academy of Science High Capacitance Thermal Transport System Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 505-35-10 W85-70035 506-55-89 W85-70185 Technology Space Human Factors HELICOPTER CONTROL 525-02-19 W85-70250 506-57-21 W85-70190 Rotorcraft Systems Integration HIGH RESOLUTION Teleoperator Human Interface Technology 532-06-11 W85-70105 Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies 506-57-25 W85-70192 HELICOPTER DESIGN 146-66-02 W85-70272 Teleoperator Human Factors Human Factors Facilities Operations International Halley Watch 506-57-29 W85-70195 505-35-81 W85-70041 156-02-02 W85-70327 Psychology Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Research Mission Study - Topex 199-22-62 W85-70416 505-42-23 W85-70061 161-10-01 W85-70350 Human Behavior and Performance Helicopter Transmission Technology Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis 482-52-21 W85-70593 505-42.94 W85-70068 385-38-01 W85-70449 HUMAN BEINGS Rotorcraft Systems Integration HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBER Cardiovascular Physiology 532-06-11 W85-70105 Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics 199-21-12 W85-70410 505-31-23 W85-70008 Bone Physiology Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics 199-22-32 W85-70414 532-06-13 W85-70106 505-43-11 W85-70072 Muscle Physiology HELICOPTER ENGINES Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 199-22-42 W85-70415 Helicopter Transmission Technology 506-51-41 W85-70132 Ames Research Center Initiatives 505-42-94 W85-70068 HIGH SPEED 199.90-72 W85-70448 HELICOPTER PERFORMANCE High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research 505-43-23 W85-70074 Flight Management and Technology High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 505-35-13 W85-70037 505-42-11 W65-70060 505-43.61 W85-70080 Piloted Simulation Technology RSRA Flight Research/Rotors Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) 505-35-31 W85-70039 505-42-51 W85-70063 505-45-58 W85-70098 Human Engineering Methods HELICOPTERS Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base 505-35-33 W85-70040 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research 505-42-23 W85-70061 (DBMS/MMA) and Technology Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 506-58-19 W85-70204 505-42-11 W85-70060 505.42-41 W85-70062 Laser Communications Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent Simulation Facilities Operations 506-58-26 W85-70208 Research (Aeronautics) 505-42-71 W85-70065 HIGH TEMPERATURE 505-90-28 W85-70103 Helicopter Transmission Technology Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology Human Factors in Space Systems 505-42-94 W85-70068 505-33-72 W85-70026 506-57.20 W85-70189 Rotorcraft Icing Technology High Speed (Supor/Hypersenic) Technology Ground Control Human Factors 505-42-98 W85-70069 505-43-83 W85-70083 506-57-26 W85-70193 Flight Support Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Human Factors for Crow Interfaces in Space 505-43-71 W85-70081 179-10-10 W85-70367 506-57-27 W85-70194 Icing Technology Multimode Acoustic Research Teleoperator Human Factors 505-45-54 W85-70097 179-15-20 W85-70370 506-57-29 W85-70195 Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Underccoling: Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 532-06-13 W85-70106 Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Support RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 506-64.31 W85-70246 532-09-10 W85-70107 179-20-55 W85-70371 Advanced Life Support Systems Technology HELIOS PROJECT HIGH TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENTS 506-64-37 W85-70247 Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent 442-20-01 W85-70455 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Research (Space) HEUOSPHERE Materials Technology 506-90-21 W85-70248 Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis 505-43-43 W85-70077 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements 385-38-01 W85-70449 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) for Data and Functional Interfaces) Coronal Data Analysis Project 199-81-41 W85-70441 385-38-01 W85-70450 533-04-12 W85-70121 Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) Theoretical Space Plasma Physics Crystal Growth Research Gravity Research 442-36-55 W85-70462 179-80-70 W85-70383 199-80-32 W85-70444 HELIUM ISOTOPES HIGH VOLTAGES Human-to-Machine interface Technology Advanced Magnetometer Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems 310-40-37 W85-70554 676-59-75 W85-70497 506-55-79 W86-70180 The Human Role in Space (THURIS) HEMATOLOGY Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device 906-54-40 W85-70559 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Development Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 906-70-30 W85-70578 Applications 199-21-51 W85-70411 HOLDERS 906-75.59 W85-70586 HETERODYNING Plant Research Facilities Multifunctional Smart End Effector Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 199-80-72 W85-70446 482-52-25 W85-70594 and Lidar Research and Technology HOLLOW CATHODES Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital 506-54-26 W85-70158 Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Servicing Technology Wind Measurement Assessment 906-70-29 W85-70577 482-52-29 W85-70595 Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station 146-72-04 W85-70275 Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Focused Technology Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Development 482-61-47 W85-70629 Astronomy 906-70-30 W85-70578 157-05.50 W85-70344 HUMAN FACTORS LABORATORIES Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy HOLOGRAPHY Human Factors Facilities Operations 188-41-55 W85-70393 Test Methods and Instrumentation 505-35.81 W85.70041 HIERARCHIES 505-31-51 W85-70011 HUMAN PERFORMANCE A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical HOMOJUNCTIONS Piloted Simulation Technology Research in Wetlands Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 505-35-31 W85-70039 199-30-35 W85-70422 506-55-42 W85-70169 Human Engineering Methods HIGH ALTITUDE HORMONES 505-35-33 W85-70040 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements 505-45-83 W85-70101 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) for Data and Functional Interfaces) High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV 199-21-51 W85-70411 199-61-41 W85-70441 Application Muscle Physiology The Human Role in Space (THURIS) 906-83-37 W85-70568 199-22-42 W85-70415 906-54-40 W85-70559

1-25 HUMAN REACTIONS SUBJECT INDEX

Human Behavior and Performance HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT IMAGING TECHNIQUES 482.52-21 W85-70593 Hypervelocity Impact Resistance of Composite Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement HUMAN REACTIONS Materiels 505-31-55 W85-70013 Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space 506-53-27 W85-70138 The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the 506.57-27 W85-70194 HYPODYNAMIA International Halley Watch (IHW) HUMIDITY Bone Physiology 156-02-02 W85-70326 Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes 199-22-32 W85-70414 Advanced CCD Camera Development 161-80-15 W85-70359 HYPOKINESIA 157-01-70 W85.70334 HYDRAZlNES Muscle Physiology X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite 199-22-42 W85-70415 157-03-50 W65-70335 Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) 506-53* 15 W85-70135 t 57-03-70 W85-70340 Resistojet Technology I Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development 482-50-22 W85-70592 157-04-80 W85-70343 HYDROCARBON FUELS ICE Gamma-Ray Astronomy High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 188-46-57 W85-70395 Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 505-43-63 W85-70083 154-30-80 W85-70315 Gamma Ray Astronomy HYDROCARBONS 188-46-57 W85-70396 Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter Mars 147-11-00 W85-70276 Facility 155-04-60 W85-70323 Aeronomy: Chemistry 188-76.38 W85-70400 154-75-60 W85-70319 Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics Astrophysical CCD Development HYDRODYNAMICS 693-61-02 W85-70531 188-78-60 W85-70403 Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry ICE FORMATION Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids 188-41-63 W85-70391 Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support Using the VIA HYDROGEN 505-40-74 W85-70058 196-41-51 W85-70404 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Rotorcreft Icing Technology Image Processing Capability Upgrade 152-15-40 W85-70307 505-42-98 W85-70069 677-66.22 W85-70522 Resistojet Technology Icing Technology Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 482-50-22 W85-70592 505-45-54 W85-70097 Applications HYDROGEN OXYGEN ENGINES IDAHO 906-75-69 W85-70586 Reusable High-Prassurs Main Engine Technology Long Term Applications Research IMMOBILIZATION 506-60-19 W85.70211 666-37-99 W85-70481 Bone Physiology 199-22-32 W85-70414 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion IGNEOUS ROCKS 506-60-42 W86.70213 IMMUNOLOGY Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion 677-41-13 W85-70508 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and 506-60-49 W85-70214 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) Multispectral Analysis of Ultramaflc Terranes High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine 199-21.51 W85.70411 677-41-29 W85-70510 Technology IMPACT 525-02-12 W85-70249 IMAGE ANALYSIS Giotto PIA Co-I Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Three.Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 156-03-04 W85-70331 505-31-55 W65-70013 Technology IMPACT DAMAGE 525-02-I 9 W85-70250 The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Advanced H/O Technology International Halley Watch (IHW) Program 482-60-22 W85-70626 156-02-02 W85-70326 323-51-66 W85-70264 Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion TIMS Data Analysis IMPACT LOADS 482-60-29 W85-70627 677-41-03 W85-70506 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems HYDROLOGY New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 505-42-23 W85-70061 Long Term Applications Research Images IMPACT PREDICTION 668-37-99 W85-70481 677-4602 W85-70513 NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 151-02-60 W85-70298 677-64-01 W85-70521 677-50-62 W85-70516 IMPACT RESISTANCE HYDROXYL RADICALS IMAGE ENHANCEMENT Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Engineering Data Management and Graphics Composites 147-11-60 W85-70276 505-37-23 W85-70052 505-33-31 W85-70020 Atmospheric Photochemistry IMAGE PROCESSING Composite Materials and Structures 147-22-02 W85-70286 Engineering Data Management and Graphics 534-06-23 W85-70124 Airborne Udar for OH and NO Measurement 505-37-23 W85-70052 176-40-14 W85-70365 Hypervelocity Impact Resistance of Composite Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Materials HYGIENE Image Data/concurrent Solution Methods 506-53.27 W85-70138 Avanced Life Support 506-54-55 W85-70160 IMPACT STRENGTH 199-61-31 W85-70440 Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for HYPERGOLIC ROCKET PROPELLANTS Processing Aeronautics Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study 506-58-13 W85.70199 505-33-10 W85-70016 906-63-39 W85-70569 Data Systems Information Technology HYPERSONIC AIRCRAFT 506-58-16 W85-70201 IMPACT TESTS Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Propulsion Technology for HiD-Performance Aircraft The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Crashworthiness 505-43-52 W85-70078 International Halley Watch (IHW) Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology 156-02-02 W85-70326 505-46.11 W85-70085 505-43-81 W85-70082 ERS-1 Phase B Study NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility HYPERSONIC FLIGHT 161-40-11 W85-70355 151-02-60 W85-70298 Facility Upgrade Astrophysical CCD Development IMPURITIES 505-43-60 W85-70079 188-78-60 W85-70403 Gamma-Ray Astronomy Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition Add Lands Geobotany 188-46-57 W85-70395 506-63-24 W85-70224 677-42-09 W85-70512 IN-FUGHT MONITORING Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer Image Processing Capability Upgrade Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) (SUMS) 677-80.22 W85-70522 506-63-32 W85-70227 506-63-37 W85-70230 Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Landforms 506-63-34 W85-70228 Experiment Development 677.80-27 W85-70523 Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer 506-63-43 W85-70233 IMAGE RESOLUTION HYPERSONIC REENTRY (SUMS) Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer 506-63-37 W86.70230 Facility Upgrade (SEMPA) Development 505-43-60 W85-70079 157-03-70 W85-70336 High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) HYPERSONIC SPEED Experiment Development Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter 508-63-43 W85-70233 Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Facility 505-43-61 W85-70082 188.78-38 W85-70400 INCLUSIONS HYPERSONIC TEST APPARATUS Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Organic Gsochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Project 505-43.81 W85-70082 667-60-16 W65-70479 199-60-20 W85.70432 HYPERSONIC WIND TUNNELS IMAGERY INDIA Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the Regional Crust Deformation 506-51-41 W85-70132 International Halley Watch (IHW) 692-61-01 W85-70527 HYPERSONICS 156-02-02 W85-70326 INDIAN OCEAN High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 505-43-83 W85-70083 879-11-41 W85-70533 161-80.38 W85-70361

1-26 SUBJECT INDEX INTERSTELLAR COMMUNICATION

INDIUM PHOSPHIDES Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Submillimeter Astronomy Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and 506-55-42 W85-70169 159-41-01 W85-70347 Materials Technology 505-43-43 W85-70077 INFORMATION DISSEMINATION Sea Surface Temperatures 161-30-03 W85-70353 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Program Support Communications Network 505-37*49 W85-70054 Soil Delineation Data Systems Information Technology 677-26-01 W85-70499 506-58-16 W85-70201 Space Energy Conversion Support 506.55-60 W85-70181 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 677-41-24 W55.70509 Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land Interegency Support 323-51-03 W85-70262 Cover Types 506-60-10 W85-70209 Communication Systems Research 677-53-01 W55-70517 NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality 310-20-71 W85-70551 INFRARED RADIOMETERS Assurance Seminars Digital Signal Processing Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 323-51-90 W85-70265 310-30-70 W85-70552 157-04-80 W85-70342 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution INTERACTIONAL AERODYNAMICS 152-20-40 W85-70310 Sea Surface Temperatures 161-30-03 W85-70353 Powered Lift Research and TeChnology International Halley Watch 505-43-01 W85-70070 156-02-02 W85-70327 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land INTERFACES UPS AR & DA Support Cover Types 677-63-01 W85.70517 Program Support Communications Network 179.40-62 W85-70375 INFRARED SCANNERS 505.37.49 W85-70054 Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) 656-42-01 W85-70478 Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) Manned Control of Remote Operations 506-63-34 W85-70228 506-57-23 W85-70191 iNFORMATION MANAGEMENT Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements 505-34-17 W85.70031 677.41-13 W85-70508 for Data and Functional Interlaces) INFRARED SPECTRA Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface 199-61.41 W85-70441 506.36.11 W85.70036 Atmospheric Photochemistry Multifunctional Smart End Effector 147-22-02 W85-70286 482-52-25 W85-70594 Optical Information Processing/Phetophysics 506-54-11 W85-70152 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar Space Station Operations Language Disks 482-58-18 W85.70623 Aerospace Computer Science University Research 506-54-50 W85-70159 151-02-60 W85-70296 INTERFACIAL TENSION Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology Giotto Didsy CO-I Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 156-03-07 W85-70333 542-03-54 W85-70259 Interagency Support 506-60.10 W85-70209 Hydrodyn Studies Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 196-41-54 W95-70405 Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and NASA Equipment Management System TIMS Data Analysis Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 323-52-60 W85-70266 677-41-03 W85-70506 179-20-55 W85-70371 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects Rock Weathering in Arid Environments INTERFEROMETERS 906-80-11 W85-70597 677-41-07 W85-70507 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor Data Systems Information Technology Arid Lands Geobotany Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere 482-58-17 W85-70622 677-42-09 W95-70512 147.23-99 W85-70288 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL INFRARED SPECTROMETERS Planetary Instrument Development Program/Pienetary Automated Subsystems Management IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) Astronomy 506-54-67 W85-70166 157-03-70 W85-70340 157-06.50 W85-70344 Erasable Optical Disk Buffer Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION 506-58-10 W85-70196 Astronomy VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 157-05-50 W85-70344 155-04-80 W85-70324 Interegency Support INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the 506.60-10 W85.70209 Balloon-Berne Laser In-Situ Sensor International Halley Watch (IHW) Meteorological Parameters Extraction 147-11-07 W85-70278 156-02-02 W85-70326 146-66-01 W85.70271 Airborne IR Spectrometry International Halley Watch INFORMATION SYSTEMS 147-12-99 W85-70279 156-02-02 W85-70327 Oceanic Remote Sensing Library Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) 161-50-02 W85-70356 Stratospheric Measurements 159-41-03 W85-70348 147-23-08 W85-70287 Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 310-40-37 W85-70554 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 643-10-01 W85-70467 INFRARED ASTRONOMY Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere INTERNATIONAL SUN EARTH EXPLORERS 147-23-99 W85-70288 Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 506-53-41 W85-70142 Planetary instrument Development Program/Planetary Analysis 442-20-01 W85-70456 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Astronomy 506-53-45 W85-70144 157-05-50 W85-70344 INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds Research Analysis 188-41-53 W85-70392 196-41-67 W85-70406 442-20-01 W85-70456 Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy INFRARED TELESCOPES INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM 188-41-55 W85-70393 Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 506-54-21 W85-70154 0 Hydrodyn Studies 196-41-54 W85-70405 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems 188-38-52 W85-70386 INFRARED DETECTORS 506-54-61 W85-70163 Coronal Data Analysis Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large 385-38-01 W85-70450 506-54.21 W85-70154 Deployable Reflector Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics 442-20-02 W85-70458 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 506-62-21 W85-70215 Particles and Particle/Field Interactions 506-54-23 W85-70156 INITIATORS (EXPLOSIVES) 442-36-55 W85-70460 Sensor Research and Technology NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator 506-54-25 W85-70157 323-53-08 W85-70267 INTERPLANETARY SPACECRAFT Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) INLET NOZZLES In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary Magnetic Fields 146-72-02 W85-70274 Propulsion Technology for Hig.Performanca Aircraft 157-03-70 W85-70338 INFRARED IMAGERY 505-43-52 W85-70078 IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Multispectral Radar Mappor/Sounder 157-03-70 W85-70340 Chemical Evolution 157.03.70 W85-70339 Ocean Productivity 199-50-12 W85-70430 161-30-02 W85-70352 Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation INSTRUMENT TRANSMITTERS Multispoctral Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes Background 677-41-29 W85-70510 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 188-41-22 W85-70388 Studies INFRARED INSTRUMENTS INTERPOLATION 692-59.45 W85-70526 Space Station Communication and Tracking Engineering Data Management and Graphics INSULATION Technology 505-37-23 W85-70052 482-59-27 W85-70625 Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of INFRARED INTERFEROMETERS Crashworthiness Centimetric Waves in the Ocean 505-45-11 W85-70085 Infrared Laboratory Sepoctroscopy in Support of 161-80-37 W85-70360 Stratospheric Measurements INSULATORS INTERSTELLAR CHEMISTRY 147-23.08 W85-70287 Power Systems Management and Distribution Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry INFRARED RADIATION 506-55-72 W85-70176 188-41-53 W85-70391 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components INTAKE SYSTEMS INTERSTELLAR COMMUNICATION and Lidar Research and Technology Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) 506-54.26 W85-70158 505-31-04 W85-70003 199.50-62 W85-70437

1-27 INTERSTELLAR GAS SUBJECT INDEX

INTERSTELLAR GAS IONS Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge Theoretical Space Plasma Physics Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Flight Test and VSTFE) 442-36-55 W85-70462 157-04-60 W85-70341 505-45-61 W85-70099 INTERSTELLAR MATTER ISOTOPES Laminar Flow Integration A Laborato_ Investigation of the Formation, Properties Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 505-45-63 W85-70100 and Evolution of Presolar Grains 506-54-23 W85-70156 LAMINAR FLOW 152.12-40 W85-70303 Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry 152-13-60 W85-70305 505-31-15 W85-70006 188-41-53 W85-70391 Aeroacoustics Research Planetary Materials: Geochronology Ufe in the Universe 152-14-40 W85-70306 505-31-33 W85-70009 199-50-52 W85-70436 Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies INTERSTELLAR SPACE 505-31-55 W85-70013 152-15.40 W85-70307 Theoretical Studios of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition 505.45-43 W85-70096 Studies 188-41-53 W85-70392 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge 188-46-56 W85-70394 INTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY Flight Test and VSTFE) Human Engineering Methods Organic Geochemistry 505-45-61 W85-70099 199.50-22 W85-70433 505-35-33 W85-70040 Laminar Flow Integration INVENTORIES ISOTOPIC ENRICHMENT 505-45-63 W55-70100 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme Organic Geochemistry LAMINAR FLOW AIRFOILS 677-27-01 W85-70501 199-50-22 W85-70433 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design IUE 505.45-23 W85-70091 677-27-02 W85-70502 Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology LAMINATES Global Inventory Technology . Sampling and 188-41-22 W85-70389 Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for Measurement Considerations Aeronautics 677-62-02 W85-70519 J 505-33-I0 W85-70016 INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Composite Materials and Structures Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the 534-06-23 W85-70124 JET AIRCRAFT NOISE NASA Equipment Management System LAND MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICE Aeroacoustics Research 323-52-60 W85-70266 Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies INVlSCID FLOW 505-31-33 W85-70009 643-10-01 W85-70466 JET ENGINES Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid New Application Concepts and Studies Dynamics Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital 643-10-02 W85-70469 505-31-01 W85-70001 Electronic Control) Thin-Route User Terminal Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics 533-02-21 W85-70112 646-41-03 W85-70472 506-31-03 W85-70002 JOINTS (JUNCTIONS) LAND USE Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable ION ATOM INTERACTIONS Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land Materials Aemnomy: Chemistry Cover Types 482-53-29 W85-70600 154-75-60 W85-70319 677-53-01 W85-70517 JUPITER (PLANET) ION DENSITY (CONCENTRATION) Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Sensing 151-05-80 W85-70300 157-04-80 W85-70341 677-63-99 W85-70520 ION ENGINES Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager LANDFORMS Electric Propulsion Technology Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial 506-55-22 W85-70167 154-90-80 W85-70322 Landforms ION PROBES Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 677-80-27 W85-70523 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Analysis LANDING 442-20-01 W85-70456 152-15-40 W85-70307 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration IONIZATION JUPITER ATMOSPHERE 505-43-23 W85-70074 Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere LANDING AIDS Interaction 157-04-80 W85-70341 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 442-36-55 W85-70461 505-45-18 W85-70089 JUPITER RINGS 188-46-59 W85-70399 LANDING GEAR Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Aircraft Landing Dynamics 482-64-41 W85-70633 Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles 505-45-14 W85°70087 154-90-80 W85-70322 IONIZATION CHAMBERS LANDING SIMULATION Gamma-Ray Astronomy Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface 188-46-57 W85-70395 K 505-35-11 W85-70036 IONIZING RADIATION LANDSAT SATELLITES Radiobiology Terrestrial Biology KEVLAR (TRADEMARK) 199-22°7t W85-70417 199-30-36 W85-70423 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Space Station Focused Technology EVA 505-42-23 W85-70061 Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring Systams/Advanced EVA Operating Systems KINEMATICS 667-60-18 W85-70480 482-61.41 W85-70628 Soil Delineation Space Technology Experiments-Development of the IONOPAUSE 677-26-01 W85-70499 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Extended Atmospheres 506-62.43 W85-70221 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme t 54-80-80 W85-70320 Global Sea,sat Wind Analysis and Studies 677-27-01 W85-70501 Extended Atmospheres 146-66-02 W85-70272 Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint 154-60-80 W85-70321 Coronal Data Analysis Research Project IONOSPHERE 677-60-17 W85-70518 385-38-01 W85-70450 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis KINETICS Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote 154-60-80 W85.70317 Planetary Geology Sensing 677-63-99 W85-70520 Aeronomy: Chemistry 151-01-20 W85-70291 154-75-80 W85-70319 KLYSTRONS Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 677-64-01 W85.70521 Extended Atmospheres Advanced Transmitter Systems Development LANDSAT 4 154-80-80 W85-70321 310-20-64 W85-70546 Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Interaction Project 442-36-55 W85-70461 L 667-60-16 W85-70479 LAPSE RATE Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric LABORATORIES Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER.2 Aircraft Magnetospheric Coupling) for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange 442-36-56 W85-70463 Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities 152-30-40 W85-70311 Experiments Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics 147-14-07 W85-70280 Experiments Software Engineering Technology 310-10-23 W85-70535 LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION 445-11-36 W85-70465 LABORATORY EQUIPMENT Central Computer Facility IONOSPHERIC COMPOSITION Program Operations 505-37-41 W85-70053 Extended Atmospheres 151-01-70 W85-70293 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 154-80-80 W85-70320 LAGEOS (SATELLITE) Technology IONOSPHERIC CURRENTS Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics 506-58-25 W85-70207 Particle and Particle/Ph0ton Interactions (Atmospheric 693-61-02 W85-70531 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Magnetospheric Coupling) LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYER 650-60-21 W65-70474 442-36-56 W85-70463 Viscous Drag Reduction and Control LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES IONOSPHERIC SOUNDING 505-31 - 13 W85-70005 Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Space Plasma SRT Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 442.36-55 W85-70459 505-31-23 W85-70008 506-53-15 W85-70135

1-28 SUBJECT INDEX LIGHT (VISIBLE RADIATION)

Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) 506-53-41 W85.70142 906-75-23 W85-70582 Project LASER CUTrlNG 533-04-12 W85-70121 Advanced Space Structures 506-53-43 W85.70143 Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines 506-54-22 W85-70t 55 533-05-12 W85o70122 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development LASER DOPPLER VELOClMETERS 506-53-45 W85.70144 Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems Test Methods and Instrumentation 506-55-87 W85-70t 84 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept 505-31-51 W85-70011 Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology Devek)pment LASER GYROSCOPES 506-53-49 W85-70145 506-60-19 W85-70211 Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion Techniques 506-60-42 W85-70213 Space Structures 506-57-15 W85-70187 506-53-53 W85-70147 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Resistojet Technology 482-50-22 W85-70592 Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology Design and Analysis 506-53-55 W85-70148 906-54-61 W85-70560 Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development Spacecraft Controls and Guidance LASER MATERIALS Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 482-55-77 W85-70612 506-57-13 W85-70186 Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical 506-55-73 W85-70177 Advanced H/O Technology 482-60-22 W85-70626 Techniques LASER MODES 506.57.15 W85-70187 In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment Space Station Focused Technology EVA Large Scale Systems Technology Control _ and 542-03-51 W85-70257 Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems Guidance LASER OUTPUTS 482-61-41 W85-70628 506-57-19 W85-70188 Optical Communications Technology Development EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development 310-20-67 W85-70549 482-64-30 W85-70630 Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors LASER RANGE FINDERS Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 506-58-23 W85-70206 Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 482-64-41 W85-70633 692-05-05 W85-70524 Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large LIFE CYCLE COSTS Deployabk_ Reflector Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 506-62-21 W85.70215 Design and Analysis 505-42-92 W95-70067 906-54-61 W85-70560 Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual Computer Science Research and Technology: Software LASER RANGER/TRACKER Design Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 506-62-23 W95-70217 Space Station Commu_cation and Tracking 506-54-55 W85-70160 Space Technology Experiments-Development of the Technology Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance 482.59-27 W85-70625 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Technology 506-62-43 W85-70221 LASER SPECTROMETERS 506-60-12 W85-70210 Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Quantitative infrared Spectroscopy of Minor Technology System Analysis Across Oisciptinos for 506-62-45 W85-70222 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Manned Orbiting Space Stations 147-23-99 W85-70288 Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion 506-64-13 W85-70236 LASERS Requirements Software Engineering Technology 506-64-12 W95-70235 Intardisc@inary Technok>gy -- Fund for Independent 310-10-23 W85-70535 Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Research (Space) DSN Monitor and Control Technology 506-90-21 W85-70248 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 310-20-68 W85-70550 506-64-14 W85-70237 LAUNCH VEHICLES LIFE SCIENCES Space Systems Analysis Earth-to-Orbit Prugulsic_ Life and Pedormance Chemical Evolution 506-64-19 W85-70240 Technology 199-50-12 W85-70430 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 506-60-12 W85-70210 Life in the Universe Experiment) Technology Requirements for Advanced Space 199-50-52 W85-70436 542-03-43 W85-70255 Transportation Systems Data Base Development Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for 506-63-23 W85-70223 199-70-52 W85-70443 Astronomy Applications Conceptual Characterization and Technology Interdisc=plinary Research 159-41-01 W85-70346 AssesSment 199-90-71 W85-70447 Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and 506-6_-29 W85-70225 Ames Research Center Initiatives Submillimeter Astronomy LAUNCHING BASES 199-90-72 W85-70448 159-41-01 W85-70347 Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment 906-63-39 W55-70569 Automated Subsystems Management (SADE) Weather Forecasting Export System 506-54-67 W85-70166 906-55-10 W85-70562 906.64-23 W85-70570 Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Deployable Truss Structure LAVA 506-64-37 W85-70247 482-53-47 W85-70602 Reck Weathering in Add Environments Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent Deployable Truss Concepts 677-41-07 W85-70507 Research (Space) 482-53-49 W85-70603 LAY-UP 506-90-21 W85-70248 Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable CELSS Demonstration Systms Analysis Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 199-61-22 W85-70439 482-57-13 W85-70617 482-53-27 W85-70599 ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs Space Communications Technology/Antenna LEADING EDGE SWEEP 906-54-62 W85-70561 Volumetric Analysis Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station 482-59-23 W85-70624 Flight Test and VSTFE) Focused Technology LASER APPLICATIONS 505-45-61 W85-70099 492-61-47 W85-70629 Computational Flame Radiation Research LEADING EDGES EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) 505-31-41 W85-70010 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft 492-64-30 W85-70630 Thrae-Oimensional Velocity Field Measurement 505-45-23 W85-70091 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology 505-31-55 W85-70013 Laminar Flow Integration 492-64-31 W85-70631 Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation 505-45-63 W85-70100 Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support 505-40-14 W85-70055 Spanwise BiDing Systems Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiegnostics 533-02-33 W85-70114 482-64-37 W85.70632 506-51-14 W85-70129 LEAVES LIFT Optical Information Precessing/Photophysics Terrestrial Ecosystems/Bicgeechemical Cycling High.Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 506-54-11 W85-70152 677-25-99 W85-70498 505-43-23 W85.70074 Electric Propulsion Systems Technology LEVITATION Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 506-55-25 W85-70168 Electrostatic Contsinerioss Processing Technology Integration Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 179.20-56 W85-70372 505-45-41 W85-70095 506-55-42 W85.70169 LEVITATION MELTING LIFT AUGMENTATION Erasable Optical Disk Buffer Containedess Processing Powered LiftResearch and Technology 506-58-10 W85.70196 179-80-30 W55-70378 505-43-01 W85.70070 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base LIBRARIES LIFT DRAG RATIO Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Oceanic Remote Sensing Library High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating (DBMS/MMA) 161-50-02 W85-70356 Advanced Aerodynamics, Prop_s_on, and Structures and 506-58-19 W85-70204 LIFE (DURABILITY) Materials Technology Balloon-Borne Laser In.Situ Sensor Life Prediction for Structural Materials 505-43-43 W85-70077 147-11-07 W85-70278 505-33-23 W85-70019 High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement Composites for Airframe Structures Experiment Development 176-40-14 W85-70365 505-33-33 W85-70021 506-63-43 W85-70233 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Propulsion Materials Technology LIGHT (VISIBLE RADIATION) 677-27-02 W85.70502 505-33-62 W85-70025 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Ocouitar Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-tO6B Facility 677-27-04 W85.70504 533-02-43 W55-70115 188-78.38 W85-70400

1-29 LIGHT AIRCRAFT SUBJECT INDEX

Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain LOW GRAVITY MANUFACTURING 677.41-24 W85-70609 677-41-13 W85-70508 Materials Science in Space (MSiS) LIGHT AIRCRAFT Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 179-10-10 W85-70367 Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology 677-41-24 W85-70509 Electrostatic Containerless Processing Technology 505-40-68 W85-70057 Multispectral Analysis of Ultramafic Terraces 179-20-56 W85-70372 LIGHT CURVE 677-41-29 W85-70510 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Giotto Halley Modelling LITHOSPHERE 179-20-62 W85-70373 156-03-01 W85-70328 Eady Crustal Genesis Microgravity Science and Application Support LIGHT GAS GUNS 152-19-40 W85-70309 179-40-62 W86-70376 Hypervelooity Impact Resistance of Composite Geodyn Program LOW SPEED Materials 676-30-01 W85-70492 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 506-53-27 W85-70138 Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer 533-02-31 W85-70113 LIGHT MODULATION 676-59-33 W85-70495 LOW SPEED STABILITY Optical Communications Technology Development Lithospheric Investigations Program Support Flight Test Operations 310-20-67 W85-70549 693-61-03 W85-70532 505-42-61 W85-70064 LIGHTING EQUIPMENT LOAD TESTS LOW SPEED WIND TUNNELS Telapresence Work Station Composite Materials and Structures Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 906-75-41 W85-70583 534-06-23 W85-70124 505-40-74 W85-70058 LIGHTNING LOADING OPERATIONS Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Fault Tolerant Systems Research Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 505-42-61 W85-70066 505-34-13 W85-70030 906-64-24 W85-70571 LOW THRUST LOADS (FORCES) Electric Propulsion Technology 505-45-13Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B W85-70-860 Loads and Aeroelasticity 506-55-22 W85-70167 Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 505-33-43 W85-70023 LOW THRUST PROPULSION Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion 154-90-80 W85-70322 505-33-53 W85-70024 482-60-29 W85-70627 ,,VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Rotorcraft Aaromechanics and Performance Research LUBRICANTS 155-04-80 W85-70324 and Technology Helicopter Transmission Technology Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 505.42-11 W85-70060 505-42-94 W85-70068 199-50- t 6 W85-70431 Transport Composite Primary Structures Materials Science-NDE and Tribology LIGNIN 534-06-13 W86-70123 506-53-12 W85-70134 Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space Lubricant Coatings 677-25-99 W85-70498 Station 482-53-22 W85-70596 LINE SPECTRA 482-56-87 W85-70615 Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of LOGISTICS Materials Stratospheric Measurements Space Plasma Laboratory Research 482.53-29 W85-70600 147-23-08 W85-70287 442-20-01 W85-70454 LUBRICATION SYSTEMS Hydrodyn Studies LONG DURATION EXPOSURE FACILITY Helicopter Transmission Technology 196-41-54 W86-70405 Long Duration Exposure Facility 505-42-94 W85-70068 Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory 542-04-13 W85-70260 LUMINESCENCE Research LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 196-41-67 W86-70406 Crew Health Maintenance 506-31-65 W85-70013 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 199-11-11 W85-70408 LUMINOSITY Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination Bone Physiology Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei 386-38-01 W85-70451 199-22-31 W86-70413 The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds LINEAR SYSTEMS Bone Physiology 188-41-53 W85-70392 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept 199-22-32 W86-70414 LUNAR BASES Development Muscle Physiology Lunar Base Power System Evaluation 506-53-49 W85-70145 199-22-42 W86-70415 323-54-01 W85-70270 LIQUEFIED GASES Psychology LUNAR GEOLOGY Gamma-Ray Astronomy t 99-22-62 W85-70416 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 188-46-57 W85.70395 Avanced Life Support LIQUID HELIUM 152-17-40 W85-70306 199-61-31 W85-70440 LUNAR ROCKS Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration Large Primate Facility Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies 542-03-06 W85-70252 199-80-52 W85-70445 152-15-40 W85-70307 Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Space Station Focused Technology EVA Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 542-03-13 W85-70253 Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 152-20-40 W85-70310 LIQUID HYDROGEN 482-61-41 W85-70628 LUNAR SOIL Telooporator and Cryogenic Fluid Management Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 506-64.29 W85-70245 482-64-41 W85-70633 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution LIQUID METALS LONG TERM EFFECTS 152-20-40 W86-70310 Thermal Management Effects of Space Environment on Composites LUNAR SURFACE 506-55-62 W85-70182 506-53-25 W85-70137 Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base LIQUID NITROGEN Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology and Manned GEO Objectives National Transonic Facility (NTF) 506-62-22 W85-70216 906-63-06 W85-70566 505-3 t-63 W85-70014 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal LIQUID PHASES Studies) High Capacitance Thermal Transport System t 99-11-21 W85-70409 M 506-65-69 W85-70185 Radiobiology LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES 199-22-71 W85-70417 MACH NUMBER Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Technology Cryo Storage 505-33-53 W85-70024 506-60-12 W85-70210 906-75-52 W85-70585 Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Resistojet Technology Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 506-43-81 W85-70082 482-50-22 W85-70592 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology LIQUID ROCKET PROPELLANTS 482-53-27 W85-70599 505-43-83 W85-70083 LOOP ANTENNAS Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite MACHINE TOOLS Space Technology Experiments-Development of the Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 506-53-15 W85-70135 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna 906-90-22 W85-70591 506-62-43 W85-70221 LIQUID SLOSHING MACHINING LORENTZ FORCE Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment Laboratory and Theory Transfer 906-90-22 W85-70591 188-38-53 W85-70387 906-70-23 W85-70576 LOW ALTITUDE MAGNETIC ANOMALIES LIQUID WASTES Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Goopotential Fields (Magnetic) Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Gradient/B57-B 676-20-01 W85.70491 Support 505-45- t 0 W85-70084 MAGNETIC COOLING 506-64-31 W85-70246 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection Radio Systems Development LIQUIDS 505-45-18 W85-70089 310-20-66 W85-70548 Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: LOW COST MAGNETIC DISKS Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Experiments Coordination and Mission Support Image Processing Capability Upgrade Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 646-41-01 W85-70471 677-80.22 W85-70522 179-20-55 W85-70371 LOW FREQUENCIES MAGNETIC EFFECTS LITHOLOGY Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar Reck Weathering in Arid Environments Experiment) Disks 677-41-07 W85-70507 542-03-43 W85-70255 151-02-60 W85-70296

1-30 SUBJECT INDEX MARS SURFACE

MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Telepresence Work Station Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 677-47-07 W85-70515 906-75.41 W85-70583 166-36-52 W85-70385 Space Station Focused Technology EVA MANNED SPACE FLIGHT Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems Interdisciplinary Research 442-20.02 W85-70458 482-61-41 W85-70628 199.90-71 W85-70447 MAGNETIC FIELDS Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems MANNED SPACECRAFT Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments 482-64.41 W85-70633 The Human Role in Space (THURIS) 156-03-05 W85-70332 MAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS 906-54.40 W85-70559 In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor MANUAL CONTROL Magnetic Fields 147-11-07 W85-70278 Manned Control of Remote Operations 157-03-70 W85-70338 Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas 506-57-23 W85-70191 Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis Distribution TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand 385-38-01 W85-70449 176-10-03 W85-70363 906-75.06 W85-70580 Space Plasma Laboratory Research Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and MANUALS 442-20-01 W85-70454 Clouds Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT 672-32-99 W85-70484 Interagency Support Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Climatological Stratospheric Modeling 506-60-10 W85-70209 168-38-52 W85-70385 673-61.07 W85-70489 MANUFACTURING MAN MACHINE SYSTEMS MAGNETIC RESONANCE Space Technology Experiments-Development of the Advanced Magnetometer Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna 676.59.75 W65.70497 505-34.33 W85-70034 506-62-43 W85-70221 MAGNETIC SUSPENSION Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Test Techniques 505-35-11 W85-70036 482-64-41 W85-70633 505-31-53 W85-70012 Human Factors Facilities Operations MAPPING 505-35-81 W85-70041 Containedess Processing Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 179-80-30 W85-70378 Advanced Transport Operating Systems 505-31-55 W85-70013 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FLOW 505-45-33 W85-70093 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent 151-05-80 W85-70300 385-38-01 W85-70449 Research (Aeronautics) Infrared and Sub-Millimetar Astronomy MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY 505-90-28 W85-70103 188-41-55 W65-70393 Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Magnetospheric Coupling) Development Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination 442-36-56 W85-70463 506-53-49 W85-70145 385-38-01 W85-70451 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and Muitispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Robotics 677-41-24 W85-70509 506-56-73 W85-70177 506.54"65 W85-70165 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAn MAGNETOMETERS Human Factors in Space Systems Images In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary 506-57.20 W85-70189 677-46-02 W85-70513 Manned Control of Remote Operations Magnetic Fields Global Inventory Technology Sampling and 157-03-70 W85-70338 506-57.23 W85-70191 Measurement Considerations Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Teleoperator Human Interface Technology 677-62-02 W85-70519 442-36-55 W85-70460 506-57.25 W85-70192 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Advanced Magnetometer Ground Control Human Factors Sensing 676-59-75 W85-70497 506-57.26 W85-70193 677"63-99 W85-70520 MAGNETOPAUSE Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space MARINE BIOLOGY 506-57-27 W85-70194 Theoretical Space Plasma Physics Oceanic Remote Sensing Library 442-36-55 W85-70462 On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis 161-50-02 W85-70356 506"64-23 W85-70241 MAGNETOPLASMADYNAMICS Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support Electric Propulsion Systems Technology EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements 161-50.03 W85-70357 506-55-25 W85-70168 for Data and Functional Interfaces) Ocean Ecology MAGNETOSPHERE 199-61-41 W85-70441 199-30-42 W85-70424 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Human-to-Machine Interface Technology MARINE METEOROLOGY 154-60-80 W85-70317 310-40-37 W85-70554 Meteorological Parameters Extraction Extended Atmospheres The Human Role in Space (THURIS) 146-66-01 W85-70271 154-80-80 W85-70321 906-54-40 W85.70559 MARINER MARK 2 SPACECRAFT Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development Analysis 906-75-06 W85.70580 157-04-80 W85-70343 442-20-01 W85-70456 Multifunctional Smart End Effector MARKING Space Plasma Data Analysis 482-52-25 W85.70594 Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 442-20-01 W85-70457 MANAGEMENT 505-31-55 W85-70013 Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Automated Power Management MARS (PLANET) 442-20-02 W85-70458 482-55-79 W85-70613 Planetary Geology Space Plasma SRT MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS 151-01-20 W85-70291 442-36-55 W86-70459 Biological Adaptation Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Particles and Particle/Field Interactions 199-40-33 W85-70429 151-01-60 W85-70292 442-36-55 W85-70460 MANAGEMENT METHODS Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS)Program Boundary Scarp Interaction 536-01-11 W85-70126 151-02-50 W85-70294 442-36-55 W85-70461 UPS AR & DA Support Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric 179-40-62 W85-70375 151-02-60 W85-70295 Magnetospheric Coupling) Systems Engineering and Management Technology Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres 442.36.56 W85-70463 310-40-49 W85-70557 154-20-80 W85-70314 Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/FioId MANAGEMENT PLANNING Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices Interaction Program Operations 154-30-80 W85-70315 442-36-99 W86-70464 151-01-70 W85-70293 Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Mars Experiments Automated Subsystems Management 155-04-80 W85-70323 445-11-36 W85.70465 506-54-67 W85-70166 Mars Data Analysis MAINTENANCE MANEUVERABILITY 155-20-40 W85-70325 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary 505-34-17 W85-70031 505-31-23 W85-70008 Magnetic Fields Aidab Operations Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 157-03-70 W85-70338 505-34-23 W85-70032 505-43-13 W85-70073 MARS CRATERS Program Support Communications Network High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the 505-37-49 W85-70054 505-43-23 W85-70074 Boundary Scarp Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support MANEUVERABLE REENTRY BODIES 151-02-50 W85-70294 505-40-74 W85-70058 Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics MARS ENVIRONMENT Facility Upgrade 506-51-11 W85-70127 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 505-43-60 W85-70079 MANEUVERS 151-01-60 W85-70292 High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) MARS SURFACE 505.43-61 W85-70080 506-63-40 W85-70232 Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology Human Factors in Space Systems MANIPULATORS 506-62-25 W85-70218 506-57-20 W85-70189 On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis Planetary Geology Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the 506"64-23 W86.70241 151-01-20 W85-70291 NASA Equipment Management System Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloeding System Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 323-52-60 W85-70266 906-64.24 W85-70571 151-01.60 W85-70292

1-31 MARS VOLCANOES SUBJECT INDEX

Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Large Deployable Reflector (LDR)Panel Development Materials Science-NDE and Tribology Boundary Scarp 506.53.45 W85-70144 506.53-12 W85-70134 151-82-50 W85-70294 Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Synthesis Methods Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 151-02-60 W85.70295 506-53-59 W85-70150 506-53-15 W85-70135 MARS VOLCANOES Power Systems Management and Distribution - Thermal Structures Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 506-53-33 W85-70140 Boundary Scarp 506.56.75 W85-70 t 78 Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology 506-55-85 W85-70175 151-02-50 W85-70294 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and MARSHLANDS Scientific Instruments Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 506-55-86 W85-70183 542-83-13 W85-70253 677-64-01 W85-70521 Reck Weathering in Arid Environments MASERS Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information 677-41-07 W85-70507 Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Systems MECHANIZATION Interaction 506-58-11 W85-70197 Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 442-36-55 W85-70461 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance 506-53-87 W85-70149 Precision Time and Frequency Sources Technology Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and 310-10-42 W85-70537 506-60-12 W85-702 t 0 Robotics MASKING Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology 506.54-65 W85-70165 Optical Information Processing/Photophysics 506-60-19 W85-70211 MELT SPINNING 506.54-11 W85-70152 Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion Propulsion Materials Technology MASS DISTRIBUTION 506-60-49 W85-70214 505-33-62 W85-70025 Giotto Didsy Co-I Space Systems Analysis MELTS (CRYSTAL GROWTH) 156.03.07 W85-70333 506-64-19 W85-70240 Glass Research Superconducting Gravity Grediometer Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 179-14-20 W85-70369 676.59-33 W85-70495 506-64-29 W85-70245 Solidification Processes MASS FLOW Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) 179-80-80 W85-70381 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 146-72-02 W85-70274 Crystal Growth Process 154-60-80 W85-70317 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies 179-80-70 W85-70382 MASS SPECTROMETERS 151-02-60 W85-70295 MEMBRANE STRUCTURES Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment (SU MS) 151-02-60 W85-70297 906-55-81 W85-70563 506-63-37 W85-70230 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites MEMORY (COMPUTERS) Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models 15 t-05-60 W85-70300 Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data 154-80-80 W85-70318 Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Processing Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support 154-40-80 W85-70316 506-58-13 W85-70199 156-03-03 W85-70330 Scatterometer Research MENTAL PERFORMANCE Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 161-80-39 W85-70362 Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety 157.04-80 W85-70341 Electrostatic Containerless Processing Technology 505-35-21 W85-70038 Energetic ion Mass Spectrometer Development 179-20-56 W85-70372 Human Engineering Methods 157-04-80 W86.70343 Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation 505-35-33 W85-70040 Space Plasma Data Analysis Background The Human Role in Space (THURIS) 442-20-01 W85-70457 188.41-22 W85-70388 906-54-40 W85-70559 Space Plasma SRT Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology MERCURY (METAL) 442-36-55 W85-70459 188-41-22 W85-70389 Precision Time and Frequency Sources Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Biospheric Modelling 310-10-42 W85-70537 442-36.55 W85-70460 199-30- t 2 W85-70418 MERCURY OXIDES MASS SPECTROSCOPY Coronal Data Analysis Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: 385-38-01 W85-70450 and Lidar Research and Technology Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis New Application Concepts and Studies 506-54-26 W85-70158 323-51.03 W85-70262 643-10-02 W85.70469 MESOSCALE PHENOMENA A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and Ocean Productivity and Evolution of Presolar Grains Clouds 161-30-02 W85-70352 152-12-40 W85-70303 672-32-99 W85-70484 MESOSPHERE Planetary Materials: Geochronology Arid Lands Geobotany Mesospheric-Stratospheric Waves 152-14-40 W85-70306 677-42-09 W85-70512 673-61-02 W85-70488 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Regional Crust Deformation MESSAGE PROCESSING 152-15-40 W85-70307 692-61-01 W85-70527 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Giotto PIA Co-I Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics 650-60-21 W85-70474 156-03.04 W85-70331 693-81-02 W85-70531 METABOLISM Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Orbital Debris Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and 157.04-80 W85-70341 906-75-22 W85-70581 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) MASS TRANSFER Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation 199-21-51 W85.70411 Upper Atmospheric Measurements 482-53-57 W85-70605 147-14-99 W85-70281 MATHEMATICS Biological Adaptation 199-40-32 W85-70428 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent 154-80-80 W85-70317 Research (Aeronautics) Organic Geochemistry MATERIALS HANDLING 505-90-28 W85-70t 03 199-50-22 W85-70433 Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base MEAN FREE PATH METAL CRYSTALS 323.51.05 W85-70263 Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Solidification Processes Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 157.04-80 W85-70341 179-80-60 W85-70381 906-64-24 W85-70571 MEASUREMENT METAL IONS Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation Precision Time and Frequency Sources Cryo Storage 505-40-14 W85-70055 310-10-42 W85-70537 906.75-52 W85-70585 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES Orbital Equipment Transfer end Advanced Orbital Test Techniques Propulsion Materials Technology Servicing Technology 505-31-53 W85-70012 505-33-62 W85-70025 482-52-29 W85-70595 Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating MATERIALS SCIENCE 505-40-14 W85-70055 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent MECHANICAL DRIVES Materials Technology Research (Space) Helicopter Transmission Technology 505-43-43 W85-70077 506.90-21 W85-70248 505-42-94 W85-70068 METAL OXIDES Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Advanced Turboprop Technology 179-10-10 W85-70367 535-03-12 W85-70125 Long Term Space Exposure 482-53-23 W85-70597 MATHEMATICAL MODELS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES METAL SURFACES Computational Flame Radiation Research Advanced Structural Alloys 505-3t-41 W85-70010 505-33-13 W85-70017 Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 506-53-11 W85-70 t 33 Mathematics for Engineering and Science Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound 505-31-83 W85-70015 Composites METALLIZlNG Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology 505-33-31 W85-70020 Submillimetar Wave Backward Wave Oscillators 505-33-72 W85-70026 Propulsion Materials Technology 506-54-22 W85-70155 Control Theory and Analysis 505-33-82 W85-70025 Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 505-34-03 W85-70028 High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating 506-55-42 W85-70169 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and METALLURGY Project Materials Technology Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 533-04-12 W85-70121 505-43-43 W85-70077 179-10-10 W85-70367

1-32 SUBJECT INDEX MISSION PLANNING

METALS MICROANALYSIS MILITARY AIRCRAFT Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Giotto PIA Co-I Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology Matrices and Mechanisms o1 Corrosion in Hydrazine 156-03-04 W85-70331 505-40-68 W85-70057 506-53-15 W85-70135 MICROBIOLOGY Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's 505-42-92 W85-70067 179-48-00 W85-70377 Support Propulsion Technology for Hig-Parformance Aircraft METEORITES 179-13-72 W85-70368 505-43-52 W85-70078 Organic Geochemistry Planetary Materials: Mineralogy end Petrology MILITARY AVIATION 152-11-40 W85-70301 199-50-22 W85-70433 MICROCOMPUTERS Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Support 152-12-40 W85-70302 DSN Monitor and Control Technology 532-09-11 W85-70106 Planetary Materials: Chemistry 310-20-68 W85-70550 MILITARY OPERATIONS 152.13-40 W85-70304 TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand Advanced Controls and Guidance Planetary Matarials-Carbonaceous Meteorites 906-75.06 W85-70580 505-34-11 W85-70029 152-13-60 W85-70305 MICROMETEOROIDS Planetary Materials: Geochronology Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) MILKY WAY GALAXY 152.14-40 W85-70306 542-03-54 W85-70259 Life in the Universe Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies MICROORGANISMS 199-50-52 W85-70436 152-t 5-40 W85-70307 Organic Geochemistry MILLIMETER WAVES Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 199-50-22 W85-70433 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 152-17-40 W85-70308 CELSS Development and Lidar Research and Technology Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 199-61-12 W85-70438 506-54-26 W85-70158 152-20-40 W85-70310 MICROPROCESSORS Space Communications Technology/Antenna Organic Gecchemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Mathematics for Engineering and Science Volumetric Analysis Recorded in Meteorites and Amhean Samples 506-31-83 W85-70015 482-59-23 W85-70624 199-50-20 W85-70432 Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology Space Station Communication and Tracking Solar System Exploration 506-53.57 W85-70149 Technology 199-50-42 W85-70435 Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) 482-59-27 W85-70625 METEORITIC COMPOSITION 506-62-42 W85-70220 MINERAL DEPOSITS Environmentally Protected Airbome Memory Systems Planatary Materials: Preservation and Distribution Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 152-20-40 W85-70310 (EPAMS) 677-41-07 W85-70507 METEORITIC DAMAGE 323-53-50 W85-70268 MICROSTRUCTURE Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Hypervaiocity Impact Resistance of Composite 677-41-13 W85-70508 Materials Advanced Structural Alloys MINERAL EXPLORATION 506-63-27 W85-70138 505-33.13 W85.70017 METEOROLOGICAL FLIGHT Propulsion Materials Technology Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 677-42-04 W85-70511 Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol 505-33-62 W85-70025 Climatic Effects Materials Science-NDE and Tribology MINERAL METABOLISM 672-21-99 W85-70482 506-53-12 W85-70134 Bone Physiology METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS MICROWAVE AMPLIFIERS 199-22-31 W85-70413 Meteorological Parameters Extraction Satellite Communications Research and Technology Bone Physiology 146-66-01 W85-70271 506-58.22 W85-70205 199-22-32 W85-70414 Weather Forecasting Expert System MICROWAVE EMISSION MINERALOGY 906-64-23 W85-70570 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology METEOROLOGICAL RADAR Parameters 152-11-40 W85-70301 Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B 161-40-03 W85-70354 Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites 505-45-13 W85-70086 MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT 152-13-60 W85-70305 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Giotto PIA Co-I 505-45-18 W85-70089 and Lidar Research and Technology 156-03-04 W85-70331 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES 506-54.26 W85-70158 Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Meteorological Parameters Extraction Radio Systems Development 677-41-13 W85.70508 146-66-01 W85-70271 310-20.66 W85-70548 MINERALS MICROWAVE HOLOGRAPHY Stratospheric Dynamics Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 673-61-99 W65-70490 Antenna Systems Development 152-12-40 W85-70302 METEOROLOGY 310-20-65 W85-70547 Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain Rotorcraft Icing Technology MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS 677-42-04 W85-70511 505-42-98 W85-70069 Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave MINIATURIZATION Icing Technology Radiometers Digital Signal Processing 505-45-54 W85-70097 505-45-15 W85-70088 310-30-70 W85-70552 Meteorological Parameters Extrection Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER.2 Aircraft MIRRORS 146-66-01 W85-70271 for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Global Saaset Wind Analysis and Studies Experiments 506-53-41 W85-70142 146-66-02 W85-70272 147-14-07 W85-70280 Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support Radar Studies of the Sea Surface 506-54-21 W85-70154 161-50-03 W85-70357 161-60-01 W85-70358 Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology Astronomy 161-80-01 W85-70358 188-41-22 W85-70389 157-05.60 W85-70344 Scattarometar Research MICROWAVE SCATTERING Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 161-80-39 W85-70362 Scatterometar Research 159-46-01 W85-70349 GTE CV-990 Measurements 161-80-39 W85-70362 MISSILE CONFIGURATIONS 176-20-99 W85-70364 MICROWAVE SENSORS Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Stratospheric Dynamics Microwave Pressure Sounder Dynamics 673.61-99 W85-70490 146-72-01 W85-70273 505-31-01 W85-70001 METHANE Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic MISSILE CONTROL Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland Parameters High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Ecosystems 161-40-03 W85.70354 505-43-23 W85-70074 199-30-26 W85-70420 Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids MISSILE DESIGN A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemicai Using the VIA Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Research in Wetlands 196-41-51 W85.70404 Dynamics 199-30-35 W85-70422 Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 505-31-01 W85-70001 Terrestrial Biology 677-27-04 W85-70504 Test Techniques 199-30-36 W85-70423 MICROWAVE SOUNDING 505-31-53 W85-70012 Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Microwave Pressure Sounder High-Spaed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 673-41-13 W85-70487 146-72-01 W85-70273 505-43-23 W85-70074 Resistojet Technology MICROWAVE SPECTRA Intaragency and Industrial Assistance and Testing 482-50-22 W85-70592 Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids 505-43-33 W85-70076 METHODOLOGY Using the VIA MISSILES Test Techniques 196-41-51 W85-70404 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 505-31-53 W85-70012 MICROWAVES 505-43-83 W85-70083 METROLOGY Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of MISSION PLANNING Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometar High Thrust/Weight Technology NASA Equipment Management System 677-27-20 W85-70505 505-40-64 W85-70056 323-52-60 W85-70266 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis MEXICO 677-41-24 W85-70509 505-40-84 W85-70059 Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Arid Lands Geobotany Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 692-05-65 W85-70524 677-42.09 W85-70512 506-62-25 W85-70218

1-33 MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS SUBJECT INDEX

Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems MOLECULAR ROTATION TIMS Data Analysis 677-41-03 W85-70506 Technology Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 506-62-26 W85-70219 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 677-41-13 W85-70508 Technology Requirements for Advanced Space 147-23-99 W85-70288 Transportation Systems MOLECULAR SPECTRA Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote 506-63-23 W85-70223 Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of Sensing 677-63.99 W85-70520 Planetary Geology Stratospheric Measurements 151-01-20 W85-70291 147-23-08 W85-70287 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling VEGA Balloon and VBU Analysis Hydrodyn Studies 677-64-01 W85-70521 155-04-80 W85-70324 196-41-54 W85-70405 MULTISPECTRAL RADAR Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and Radiobiology MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 199-22-7 t W85-70417 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor Mutfispectral Radar Mapper/Sounder EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere 157-03-70 W85-70339 for Data and Functional Interfaces) 147-23-99 W85-70288 MUSCLES 199-61-41 W85-70441 MOLECULES Muscle Physiology Interdisciplinary Research Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of 199-22-42 W85-70415 199-80-71 W85-70447 Stratospheric Measurements MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM Experiments Coordination and Mission Support 147.23-08 W85-70287 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and 646-41-01 W85-70471 Life in the Universe Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 199-21-51 W85-70411 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy 199-50-52 W85-70436 Astrophysics) MOMENTS OF INERTIA Muscle Physiology 199-22-42 W85-70415 879-11-46 W85-70534 Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics Space Systems and Navigation Technology 693-61-02 W85-70531 310-10-63 W85-70541 MOMENTUM N Mission Operations Technology Large Scale Systems Technology Control and 310-40-45 W85-70555 Guidance NARROWBAND SDV/Advanced Vehicles 506-57-19 W85-70188 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land 906-65-04 W85-70572 MONITORS Cover Types Orbital Debds Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 677-53-01 W85-70517 906-75-22 W85-70581 Support NASA PROGRAMS MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 506-64-31 W85-70246 Space Energy Conversion Support MONOTECTIC ALLOYS Propagation Studies and Measurements 506-55-80 W85-70181 643-10-03 W85-70470 Solidification Processes NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality 179-60-60 W85-70381 MODELS Assurance Seminars MOON Advanced Power System Technology 323-51-90 W85-70265 506-55-76 W86-70179 Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology Advanced Studies 152-11-40 W85-70301 Space Human Factors 650-60-26 W85-70477 Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 506-57-21 W85-70190 NATIONAL AIRSPACE UTILIZATION SYSTEM 152-12-40 W85-70302 Giotto Ephemeris Support Advanced Transport Operating Systems Planetary Materials: Chemistry 156-03-02 W85-70329 505-45-33 W85-70093 152-13-40 W85-70304 Multimede Acoustic Research NATURAL SATELLITES MORPHOLOGY 179-15-20 W85-70370 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Extended Atmospheres 151-02-60 W86-70295 Geopotential Fields (Magnetic) 154-80-80 W86-70321 The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites 676-20-01 W85-7049t MOTION SICKNESS 151-02-60 W85-70297 Geodyn Program Neurophysiology 676-30-01 W85-70492 199-22-22 W85-70412 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites 151-05-80 W85-70300 Software Engineering Technology Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) 310-10-23 W85-70535 Gravity Research Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor 199-60-32 W85-70444 Research 906-75-23 W85-70582 MOTION SIMULATORS 196-41-67 W85-70406 Power System Control and Modelling Simulation Facilities Operations NAVlER-STOKES EQUATION 482-55-75 W85-70611 505-42-71 W85-70065 Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics MOUNTAINS 505-31-03 W85-70002 MODULATORS Optical Communications Technology Development Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) 677-41-13 W85-70508 310-20-67 W85-70549 505-90-28 W85-70102 MULTIBEAM ANTENNAS MODULES NAVIGATION Advanced Space Structures Technology System Ansiysis Across Disciplines for Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 506-53-43 W85-70143 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 505-42-41 W85-70062 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 506-64-13 W85-70236 Interdisciplinary Technology . Funds for Independent Technology Research (Aeronautics) Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for 506-56-25 W85-70207 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 505-90-28 W85-70103 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems 506-64-14 W85-70237 NAVIGATION AIDS 650-60-21 W85-70474 Thin-Route User Terminal Communications Laboratory for Transponder Flight Test Operations 646-41-03 W85-70472 505-42-61 W85.70064 Development Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control 650-60-23 W85-70476 NAVSTAR SATELLITES Systms Analysis MMLTICHANNEL COMMUNICATION Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 482.57-13 W85-70617 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Development MOISTURE CONTENT 650-60-21 W85-70474 161-10-03 W85-70351 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental MULTILAYER INSULATION NEAR FIELDS Effects in Metals and Composites Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management Space Technology Experiments-Development of the 505-33-21 W85-70018 506-64-29 W85-70245 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna 506-62-43 W85-70221 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: MULTIPATH TRANSMISSION Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis Propagation Studies and Measurements NEAR INFRARED RADIATION 323-51-03 W86-70262 643-10-03 W85-70470 Multispectral Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes Upper Atmospheric Measurements MULTIPLEXING 677-41-29 W85-70510 147-14-99 W85-70281 Communication Systems Research NEBULAE 310-20-71 W86-70551 MOISTURE METERS Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) MULTISPECTRAL BAND SCANNERS 879-11-41 W85-70533 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis NEODYMIUM LASERS Research in Wetlands 323-51-03 W85-70262 In.Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 199-30-35 W85-70422 MOLECULAR CLOUDS 542-03-51 W85-70257 Terrestrial Biology NEPTUNE (PLANET) Theoretical interstellar Chemistry 199-30-36 W85-70423 188-41-53 W85-7039t The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei 151-02-60 W85-70297 Project The interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 667-60-16 W85-70479 Digital Signal Processing 188-41-53 W85-70392 310-30-70 W85-70552 Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring MOLECULAR EXCITATION 667-60-18 W85-70480 NETWORK ANALYSIS Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Soil Delineation Extended Network Analysis 505-31-55 W85-70013 677-26-01 W85-70499 482-58-11 W85-70619 MOLECULAR RELAXATION Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research NETWORK CONTROL Fundamentals of Mechanicat Behavior of Composite 677-26-02 W85-70500 Communications Laboratory for Transponder Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Development 506-53-15 W85-70135 677-27-02 W85-70502 650-60-23 W85-70476

1-34 SUBJECT INDEX OCEANS

NETWORK SYNTHESIS NOISE PROPAGATION NUMERICAL STABILITY Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information Aeroacoustics Research Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Systems 505-31-33 W85-70009 Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 506.58-11 W85-70197 NOISE REDUCTION 506-54-55 W85-70160 NEUROPHYSlOLOGY Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING Neurophysioiogy and Technology Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) 199-22-22 W85-70412 505-42-11 W85-70060 146-72-02 W85-70274 NEUTRAL ATMOSPHERES RSRA Flight Research/Rotors Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 505-42-51 W85-70063 154.60.60 W85-70317 Rotorcraft Systems Integration O NEUTRAL BEAMS 532-06-11 W85-70105 Geopotantial Research Mission (GRM) Studies Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise OBLIQUE WINGS 676-59-10 W85-70494 532-06-13 W85-70106 Oblique Wing Research Aircraft NEUTRAL GASES Composite Materials and Structures 533-02-91 W85-70120 Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 534-06-23 W85-70124 OBSERVATORIES 157-04-80 W85-70341 Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS 188-41-22 W85-70389 International Halley Watch (IHW) Planetary Meteriais: Chemistry Astrophysical CCD Development 156-02-02 W65-70326 152-13-40 W85-70304 188-78-60 W85-70403 OCCULTATION NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occuiter X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Life Prediction for Structural Materials Facility 157-03-50 W85-70335 505-33-23 W85-70019 188-78.38 W85-70400 NEW MEXICO Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines OCEAN BOTTOM Shortgrass Steppe - Loog-Tarm Ecological Research 533-05-12 W85-70122 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bogy for Plate Dynamics 677-26-02 W85-70500 Materials Science-NDE and Tdbology Studies NICKEL HYDROGEN BA'T'rERIES 506-53-12 W85-70134 692.59-45 W85-70526 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance OCEAN COLOR SCANNER 506-55-52 W85-70172 Program Ocean Productivity NIMBUS 7 SATELLITE 323-51-66 W85-70264 161-30-02 W85-70352 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING Parameters Multidisciplinaw Analysis and Optimization for Large OCEAN CURRENTS 161-40-03 W85-70354 Space Structures Research Mission Study - Topex NIOBIUM ALLOYS 506-53-53 W85-70147 161-t 0-01 W85.70350 Sensor Research and Technology NONLINEAR SYSTEMS Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 506-54-25 W85-70157 Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology 161-80-38 W85-70361 NITRIC ACID 505-33-72 W85-70026 Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Applied Flight Control 693-0505 W85-70530 673-41-13 W85-70487 505-34-01 W85-70027 OCEAN DYNAMICS NITRIC OXIDE Advanced Space Structures Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport 506-53-43 W85-70143 Contimetric Waves in the Ocean 673-41-13 W85-70487 NONLINEARITY 161-60-37 W85-70360 NITROGEN Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Ocean Circulation and Satetlita Altimetry Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies and Lidar Research and Technology 161.60-36 W85-70361 152-15-40 W85-70307 506-54.26 W85-70158 Ocean Ecology Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry NOZZLE DESIGN 199-30-42 W85-70424 188-41-53 W85-70391 High Performance Configuration Concepts Integratiog OCEAN SURFACE Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Research Mission Study - Topex 199-30-22 W85-70419 Materials Technology 161-10-01 W85-70350 Terrestrial Biology 505-43-43 W85-70077 Sea Surface Temperatures 199-30-32 W85-70421 NOZZLE EFFICIENCY 161-30-03 W85-70353 Ocean Ecology Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support 199-30-42 W85-70424 505-43-33 W85-70076 161-50-03 W85-70357 Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry NOZZLE GEOMETRY Remote Sensing of Air-sea Fluxes 199-50-16 W85-70431 Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology 161-80-15 W65-70359 Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogecchemical Cycling 506-60-19 W85-70211 Scatterometer Research 677-25-99 W85-70498 Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion 161.80-39 W85-70362 Resistojet Technology 506-60-49 W85.70214 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bogy for Plate Dynamics 482-50-22 W85-70592 NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS Studies Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Lunar Base Power System Evaluation 692.59-45 W85-70526 482-64-31 W85-70631 323-54-01 W85-70270 OCEAN TEMPERATURE NITROGEN DIOXIDE NUCLEATION Sea Surface Temperatures Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport A Laboratory investigation of the Formation, Properties 161-30-03 W85-70353 673-41-13 W85-70487 and EvolutiOn of Presolar Grains Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic NITROGENATION 152-12-40 W85-70303 Parameters Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Glass Research 161-40-03 W85-70354 Support 179-14-20 W85-70369 OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS 506-64-31 W85-70246 Containerless Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Remote Sensing of Air-sea Fluxes NITROUS OXIDES Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and 161-80-15 W85-70359 Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation OCEANOGRAPHY 873-41-13 W65-70487 179-20-55 W85-70371 Meteorological Parameters Extraction NOAA 7 SATELLITE Solidification Processes 146-66-01 W85-70271 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic 179-80-60 W85.70381 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic Parameters NUCUDES Parameters 161-40-03 W85-70354 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 161-40-03 W85-70354 NOISE (SOUND) 152-17-40 W85-70308 ERS-1 Phase B Study Propagation Studies and Measurements NUMERICAL ANALYSIS 161-40-11 W85-70355 Co43-10-03 W65-70470 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Ocearlic Remote Sensing Libre_ NOISE MEASUREMENT Dynamics 161-50-02 W85-70356 Flight Test Operations 505-31-01 W85-70001 Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support 505-42-61 W85-70064 Mathematics for Engineering and Science 161-50.03 W85-70357 Radar Sludies of the Sea Surface 505-31-83 W85-70015 Radar Studies of the Sea Sudece 161-80-01 W85-70358 161-80-01 W85-70358 Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program NOISE POLLUTION 536-01-11 W85-70126 Soatterometer Research 161-80-39 W85-70382 Aeroacoustics Research Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures 505-31-33 W65-70009 154-40-80 W85-70316 Geodyn Program 676-30-01 W85-70492 NOISE PREDICTION Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry GPS Positioning of a Marine Bogy for Plate Dynamics Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 188-41-53 W85-70391 Integration Studies 505-45-41 W85-70095 NUMERICAL CONTROL 692-59-45 W85-70526 NOISE PREDICTION (AIRCRAFT) Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology OCEANS Aaroacoustics Research 506-53-57 W85-70149 Global Seaset Wind Analysis and Studies 505-31-33 W85-7000g Computer Science Research and Technology: Software 146-66-02 W85-70272 Rotercraft Systems Integration image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods Research Mission Study - Topex 532-06-11 W85-70105 506-54-55 W85-70160 161-10-01 W85-70350 Rotercraft Vibration and Noise Teleoperetor Human Interface TechnolOgy Ocean Ecology 532-06-13 W85-70106 506-57-25 W85-70192 199-30-42 W85-70424

1-35 OFFSHORE PLATFORMS SUBJECT INDEX

Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry OPTICAL TRACKING Deployable Truss Concepts 199-50-16 W85-70431 Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor 482-53-49 W85-70603 OFFSHORE PLATFORMS 147-11-07 W85-70278 ORBITAL LAUNCHING GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics OPTICS Conceptual Characterization and Technology Studies Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Assessment 692-59-45 W85-70526 506-54-21 W85-70154 506-63-29 W85-70225 ORBITAL MANEUVERING VEHICLES ON-LINE SYSTEMS OPTIMAL CONTROL Multifunctional Smart End Effector Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Applied Flight Control 482-52-25 W85-70594 Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 505-34-01 W85-70027 (DSMS/MMA) ORBITAL MANEUVERS Multidisciplinaw Analysis and Optimization for Large 506-58-19 W85-70204 Conceptual Characterization and Technology Space Structures Assessment Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action 506-53-53 W85-70147 System (MR/CAS) 506-63-29 W85.70225 OPTIMIZATION 323-63-60 W85-70269 ORBITAL MECHANICS Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics ONBOARD DATA PROCESSING Operations Support Computing Technology 505-31-03 W85-70002 Data Systems Research and Technology. Onboard Data 310-40-26 W85-70553 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Processing ORBITAL POSITION ESTIMATION 506-58-13 W85-70199 505-33°53 W85-70024 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics ONBOARD EQUIPMENT Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Studies Ames Research Center Initiatives 506-54-21 W85.70154 692-59-45 W85-70526 199.90-72 W85-70448 Advanced Electrochemical Systems Attitude/Orbit Technology OPERATING COSTS 506-55-55 W85-70173 310-10-26 W85-70536 WallOpS Flight Facility Research Airport Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement ORBITAL RENDEZVOUS 505.46-36 W85-70094 176-40-14 W85-70365 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 906-63.30 W85.70566 50660-19 W85-70211 188-46-59 W85-70399 Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Space Station Focused Technology EVA Detection of Other Planetary Systems 906-75-23 W86-70582 Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 196-41-68 W85-70407 Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 482-61-41 W85-70628 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Applications OPERATING SYSTEMS (COMPUTERS) Sensing 906-75-59 W85-70586 Data Systems Information Technology 677-63-99 W85-70520 ORBITAL SERVICING 482-58-17 W85-70622 Network Systems Technology Development Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration OPERATOR PERFORMANCE 310-20-33 W85-70542 542-03-06 W85.70252 Space Human Factors Systems Engineering and Management Technology Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 506-57.21 W85-70190 310-40-49 W85-70557 Transfer 906-70-23 W85-70576 Teieoperator Human Interface Technology Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 506-57.25 W85-70192 482-55-42 W85-70606 Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle OPTICAL COMMUNICATION ORBIT CALCULATION 906-75-00 W85-70579 Laser Communications Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Satellite Servicing Program Plan 906-75-50 W85-70584 506-58-26 W85.70208 Development Optical Communications Technology Development 161-10-03 W85-70351 Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital 310-20-67 W85-70549 Attitude/Orbit Technology Servicing Technology Space Station Communication and Tracking 310-10-26 W85-70536 482-52-29 W85-70595 Technology ORBIT MANEUVERING ENGINE (SPACE SHU'n'LE) ORBITAL SPACE STATIONS 482-59-27 W85-70625 Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING 906-75-00 W85-70579 Requirements Optical Information Processing/Photophysics Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital 506.64-12 W85-70235 506-54-11 W85-70152 Servicing Technology Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics 482-52-29 W85-70595 Manned Orbiting Space Stations Research and Technology ORBIT SPECTRUM UTILIZATION 50664-14 W55-70237 506-54-15 W85-70153 Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies On-Orbit Operations Modeling end Analysis Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data 643-10-01 W85-70466 506-64-23 W85-70241 Processing ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES Deployable Truss Structure 506-58-13 W85-70199 Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics 482-53-47 W85-70602 OPTICAL DATA STORAGE MATERIALS 506-51-1 t W85-70127 Space Stabon/Orbitar Docking/Berthing Evaluation Erasable Optical Disk Buffer Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 482-53-57 W85-70605 506-58-10 W85-70196 506-51-13 W85-70128 Space Station Operations Language OPTICAL DISKS Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Fiowfleld 482-58-18 W85-70623 Erasable Optical Disk Buffer Technology Development ORBITAL WORKERS 506-68-10 W85-70196 506-51-17 W85-70130 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) Data Processing Technology Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems 482-64-30 W85-70630 310-40-46 W85-70556 Evaluation ORDNANCE OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 506-53-31 W85-70139 NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research 323-53-08 W85-70267 147-11-07 W85-70278 506-54-21 W85.70154 OPTICAL EQUIPMENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Electric Propulsion Technology Chemical Evolution Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts 506-55-22 W85-70167 199-50-12 W85-70430 482-57-39 W85-70618 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion OPTICAL HETERODYNING 506.60-42 W85-70213 Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Optical Communications Technology Development Conceptual Characterization and Technology 199-50-20 W85-70432 310-20-67 W85-70549 Assessment OPTICAL PROPERTIES 506-63-29 W85-70225 Organic Geochemistry 199-50-22 W85-70433 Space Durable Materials Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 506-53-23 W85-70136 906-63-03 W85-70564 ORGANISMS Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Gravity Perception 506-53-41 W85-70142 906-63-30 W85-70566 199-40-12 W85-70426 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV Biological Adaptation 506-54-23 W85-70156 Application 199-40-32 W85-70428 Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development 906.63-37 W85-70568 ORTHOSTATIC TOLERANCE 157-04-80 W86-70343 Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study Cardiovascular Phy"_ology Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 906-63-39 W85-70569 199-21-12 W85-70410 159-46-01 W85-70349 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture OPTICAL RADAR OSCILLATORS Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data Hydrodyn Studies Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 906-65-33 W85-70573 196-41-54 W85-70405 506-54-23 W85-70156 ORBITAL ASSEMBLY Precision Time and Frequency Sources Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Automation Technology for Planning, Telsoperation and 310-10-42 W85.70537 and Lidar Research and Technology Robotics OSTEOPOROSIS 506-54-26 W85-70t 58 506-54-65 W85-70165 Bone Physiology In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis 542-03-51 W85-70257 506-64-23 W85.70241 199-22-32 W85-70414 Wind Measurement Assessment Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment OXIDATION 146-72-04 W85-70275 (SADE) Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 906-55.10 W85-70562 482-64-31 W85-70631 147-11-00 W85-70276 Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable OXIDATION RESISTANCE Airborne Lidar for OH end NO Measurement Materials Thermal Structures 176-40-14 W85-70365 482-53-29 W85-70600 506-53-33 W85-70140

1-36 SUBJECT INDEX PHOSPHORUS

OXYGEN Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere PERFORMANCE TESTS Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies Interaction High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 152-15-40 W85-70307 442-36-55 W85-70461 505-43-61 W85-70080 Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-106B 199-50-16 W85-70431 Magnetospheric Coupling) 533-02-43 W85-70115 442-36-56 W85-70463 CELSS Development Advanced Turboprop Technology Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field 199-61-12 W85-70438 535-03-12 W85-70125 Interaction Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 442-36-99 W85-70464 Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 506-53-41 W85-70142 482-53-27 W85-70599 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics Experiments Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable 506-53-57 W85-70149 Materials 445-11-36 W85.70465 PARTICLE MOTION Advanced Electrochemical Systems 482-53-29 W85-70600 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 506-55-55 W85-70173 OXYGEN ATOMS 151-01-60 W85-70292 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epexy Particles and Particle/Field interactions Dynamics Module Tubes for Structural Applications 442-36-55 W85-70460 542-03-01 W85.70251 482-53-25 W85-70598 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) OXYGEN PRODUCTION Giotto PIA Co-I 542-03-54 W85.70259 Advanced Life Supped Systems Technology 156-03-04 W85-70331 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: 506-64-37 W86-70247 PARTICLE TRAJECTORIES Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis OZONE Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support 323-51-03 W85-70262 In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone 156-03-03 W85-70330 Giotto Ion Mess Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support 147-11-05 W85-70277 PARTICLES 156-03-03 W85-70330 Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Studies of Planetary Rings Astrophysical CCD Development 673-41-13 W85-70487 151-05-60 W85-70299 188-78-60 W85-70403 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and Tether Applications in Space Clouds 673-61-07 W85-70489 906-70-00 W85-70574 672-32-99 W85-70484 OZONOMETRY Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and PARTICULATE SAMPLING Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Cryo Storage 147-11-00 W86-70276 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 906-75-52 W85-70585 152-20-40 W85-70310 Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor Resistojet Technology Instrument Development 147-11-07 W86-70278 482.50-22 W85-70592 199-30-52 W85-70425 Airborne IR SpectmmeW Data Systems Information Technology Solar System Exploration 147-12-99 W85-70279 482-58-17 W85-70622 199-50.42 W85-70435 PERIODIC VARIATIONS Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents PASCAL (PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE) 147-21-09 W85-70284 Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents Engineering Data Management and Graphics 147-21-09 W85-70284 505-37-23 W85-70052 Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) P PASSENGER AIRCRAFT 693-05-05 W85-70530 Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT 505-40-68 W85-70057 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program PACIFIC OCEAN PATHOLOGY 505-36-21 W85-70042 Ocean Productivity Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Graduate Program in Aeronautics 161-30-02 W85-70352 Studies) 505-36-22 W85-70043 Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 199-11-21 W85-70409 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT 161-80-38 W85-70361 PATTERN RECOGNITION Graduate Program in Aeronautics PACKET TRANSMISSION Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 505-36-22 W85-70043 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base 677-42-04 W85-70511 PERTURBATION Management System and Mass Memory Assembly Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques (DBMS/MMA) 677-50-52 W85-70516 506-34-33 W85-70034 506-58-19 W85-70204 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Ground Experiment Operations Communication Systems Research Sensing 179-33-00 W85-70374 310-20-71 W85-70551 677-63.99 W85.70520 Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches PALIEOBIOLOGY PAYLOAD DELIVERY (STS) Using the DSN Organic Geochemistry Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and 188-41-22 W85-70390 t 99-50-22 W85-70433 Synthesis Methods PETROGRAPHY PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) 506-53.59 W85-70150 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics PAYLOAD TRANSFER 677-41-07 W85-70507 505-31-03 W86-70002 Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration PETROLOGY Mathematics for Engineering and Science 542-03-06 W85-70252 Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 505-31-63 W86-70015 PAYLOADS 152-11-40 W85-70301 Data Systems Information Technology Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 506-58-16 W85-70201 879-11-41 W85-70533 t 52-12-40 W85-70302 PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Planetary Materials: Chemistry F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research 310-40-37 W85.70554 152-13-40 W86-70304 533-02-01 W85-70109 Space Sta_on Customer Data System Focused Planetary Materials-Cerboneceous Meteorites Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Technology 152-13-60 W85-70305 482-58-16 W85-70621 Research Program/YAV-6S Planetary Materials: Geochronology 533-02-51 W86-70116 PERCEPTION 152-14-40 W86-70306 Spacecraft Controls and Guidance NsurophysioIogy PHARMACOLOGY 506-57.13 W85-70186 199-22-22 W85-70412 Crow Health Maintenance Giotto Halley Modelling Gravity Perception 199-11-11 W85-70408 156-03-01 W85-70328 199-40-12 W85-70426 Muscle Physiology Geodyn Program PERFORMANCE 199`22.42 W85-70415 676-30-01 W85-70492 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) PHASE LOCKED SYSTEMS PARAMETERIZATION 505-34-17 W85-70031 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology PERFORMANCE PREDICTION Technology 506-53-55 W85-70148 Test Techniques 506-58-25 W86-70207 GTE CV-990 Measurements 505-31-53 W85-70012 Laser Communications 176-20-99 W85-70364 F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research 506-56-26 W86-70208 PARTICLE ACCELERATION 533-02-01 W85-70109 PHASE MODULATION Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Plasmas Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology 506-60-19 W85-70211 310-20-64 W85-70546 441-06-01 W85-70453 PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics 506-60-49 W85-70214 Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 442-20-02 W85-70458 Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 506-62.45 W85-70222 Magnetospheric Coupling) 179-20-55 W85.70371 442-36-56 W85-70463 Astrophysical CCD Development PHONONS PARTICLE INTERACTIONS 186-76-60 W85-70403 Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data Resistojet Technology Program Analysis 482-50-22 W85-70592 323-51.66 W85-70264 442-20-01 W85-70456 Space Communications Technology/Antenna PHOSPHORUS Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Volumetric Analysis Terrestrial Biology 442-36.55 W86-70460 482-59-23 W85-70624 199-30-32 W85-70421

1-37 PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS SUBJECT INDEX

Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling PHYSICAL SCIENCES PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTS 677-25-99 W85-70498 Training Program in Large-Scale Scientific Computing Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS 505-36-60 W85-70048 History Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor PHYSICS 154-10-80 W85-70313 147-11.07 W85-70278 PACE Flight Experiments Chemical Evolution Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere 179-00-00 W85-70366 199-50-12 W85-70430 147-2t-03 W85-70283 PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT IN SPACE PLANETARY EVOLUTION Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere PACE Flight Experiments Planetary Geology 147-22-01 W85-70285 179-00-00 W85-70366 151.01-20 W85-70291 Atmospheric Photochemistry PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites 147-22.02 W85-70286 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal 151-02-60 W85-70297 Data Survey and Evaluation Studies) Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 147-51-02 W85-70289 199-11-21 W85-70409 152-11-40 W85-70301 Aeronomy: Chemistry Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies 154-75-80 W85-70319 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 152-12-40 W85-70302 Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 199.21-51 W85-70411 Planetary Matedais: Chemistry 199-50-16 W85-70431 Neurophysiology 152-13-40 W85-70304 Aerosol Formation Models 199-22-22 W85-70412 Planetary Materials: Geochronology 672-31-99 W85-70483 Bone Physiology 152-14-40 W85.70306 PHOTOGEOLOGY 199-22-31 W85-70413 Eady Crustal Genesis Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Muscle Physiology 152-19-40 W85-70309 151-01-60 W85-70292 199-22-42 W85-70415 Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Plant Research Facilities History Boundary Scarp 199-80-72 W85-70446 154-10-80 W85.70313 151-02-50 W85-70294 Interdisciplinary Research Extended Atmospheres Multispectral Analysis of Ultremafic Terranes 199-90-71 W85-70447 154-80-80 W85.70320 677"41-29 W85.705t0 Ames Research Center Initiatives Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES 199-90-72 W85-70448 Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles Giotto Halley Modelling PHYSIOLOGICAl- FACTORS 154-90-80 W85-70322 156-03-01 W85-70328 Interdisciplinary Research Mars Data Analysis PHOTOGRAPHY 199-90-71 W85-70447 155-20"40 W85-70325 The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the PHYSIOLOGY Solar System Exploration International Halley Watch (IHW) Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal 199-50-42 W85-70435 156-02-02 W85-70326 Studies) PLANETARY GEOLOGY PHOTOINTERPRETATION 199-11-21 W85-70409 Planetary Geology Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Cardiovascular Physiology 151-01-20 W85-70291 188-38-52 W85-70384 199-21 -12 W85-70410 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain PILOT PERFORMANCE 151-02-60 W85-70295 677-41-13 W85-70508 Flight Management System - Pilot/control Intarface Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies PHOTOLYSlS 505-35-11 W85-70036 152-17-40 W85-70308 Upper Atmosphere Research . Field Measurements Piloted Simulation Technology Early Crustal Genesis 147-11-00 W85-70276 505-35-31 W85-70039 152-19-40 W85-70309 Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere PILOTS (PERSONNEL) Planetary Materiels - Laboratory Facilities 147-22.01 W85-70285 Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) 152-30-40 W85-70311 PHOTOMAPPING 506-63-40 W85-70232 JSC General Operations - Geophysics and Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the PIONEER SPACE PROBES Geochemistry Boundary Scarp Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations 152-30-40 W85-70312 151-02-50 W85-70294 442-20-01 W85-70455 PLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELDS Geolngical Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary 677-41-13 W85-70508 Analysis Magnetic Fields PHOTOMETRY 442-20-01 W85-70456 157-03-70 W85-70338 Extended Atmospheres PIONEER VENUS SPACECRAFT PLANETARY MAPPING 154-80-80 W85-70321 Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and Planetary Geology PHOTONS History 151-01-20 W85-70291 Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric 154-10-80 W85-70313 Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Magnetospheric Coupling) PIONEER 8 SPACE PROBE Boundary Scarp 442-36-56 W85-70463 DSN Monitor and Control Technology 151-02-50 W85-70294 Sounding Rocket Expeflments (Astronomy) 310-20-68 W85-70550 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 879-11-41 W85-70533 PIPER AIRCRAFT 157-04-80 W85-70342 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flight Support Gravity Gradiemetar Program CELSS Demonstration 505-43-71 W85-70081 676-59-55 W85-70496 199-81-22 W85-70439 PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES PLANETARY ORBITS Terrestrial Ecosystams/Biogeochemical Cycling Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and Conceptual Characterization and Technology 677-25-99 W85-70498 History Assessment PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS 154-10-80 W85-70313 506-63.29 W85-70225 Multi-kW Solar Arrays Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres PLANETARY STRUCTURE 506-55-49 W85-70171 154-20-80 W85-70314 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Lunar Base Power System Evaluation Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures 151-02-60 W85-70295 323-54-01 W85-70270 154-40-80 W85-70316 The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION Planetary Aaronomy: Theory and Analysis 151-02-60 W85.70297 Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 154-60-80 W85-70317 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies 506-55-42 W85-70169 Aeronomy: Chemistry 152-15-40 W85-70307 Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 154-75.00 W85-70319 Geodyn Program 482-55-42 W85.70606 Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 676-30-01 W85-70492 Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings Obselvations and Aerosols and Ring Particles PLANETARY SURFACES 482-55-49 W85.70607 154.90*80 W65-70322 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 151-02-60 W85-70295 Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent 157-04.80 W85-70341 Early Crustal Genesis Processing Systems Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 152-19-40 W85-70309 505-37-01 W85-70049 157-04-80 W85-70342 Mars Data Analysis Planetary Matedais-Carhoneceous Meteorites Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary 155-20-40 W85-70325 152-13-60 W85-70305 Astronomy Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Chemical Evolution 157-05-50 W85-70344 t 57-04-80 W85-70342 199.50-12 W85-70430 Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Solar System Exploration PHYSICAL EXERCISE Research 199-50-42 W85-70435 Bone Physiology 196-41.67 W85-70406 PLANETOLOGY 199.22-31 W85-70413 Solar System Exploration Planetology: Aeolian Processes on P_nats Muscle Physiology 199-50-42 W85-70435 151-01-60 W85-70292 199-22-42 W85-70415 PLANETARY COMPOSITION Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Boundary Scarp Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 151-02-60 W85-70295 151-02-50 W85-70294 506-53-11 W85-70133 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies Detection of Other Planetary Systems Containeriess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 152-17-40 W85.70308 196-41-68 W85-70407 Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and PLANETARY CRATERS PLANETS Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 179-20-55 W85-70371 151-02-60 W85-70298 157-04-80 W85-70341

1-38 SUBJECT INDEX PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES

Pressure Modulator infrared Radiometer Development PLASMAS (PHYSICS) POSITION (LOCATION) 157-04-80 W85-70342 Particles and Particle/Field Interactions GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics Detection of Other Planetary Systems 442.36-55 W85-70460 Studies 196-41-68 W85-70407 PLATEAUS 692-59-45 W85-70526 Crustal Motion System Studies Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor 692-59-01 W85-70525 Boundary Scarp 906-75-23 W85-70582 151-02-50 W85-70294 PLANNING POSITIONING PLATES (TECTONICS) Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology Electrostatic Containeriess Processing Technology Interagency Support GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 179-20-56 W85-70372 Studies 506-60-10 W85-70209 POSITRONS 692-59-45 W85-70526 PLANTS (BOTANY) Regional Crust Deformation Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition CELSS Development Studies 692-61-01 W85-70527 199-61-12 W85-70438 188-46-56 W85-70394 Regional Crustal Dynamics Plant Research Facilities POWDER METALLURGY 692-61-02 W85-70528 199-80-72 W85-70446 Lithospheric Investigations Program Support Advanced Structural Alloys • PLASMA ACCELERATION 693-61-03 W85-70532 505-33-13 W85-70017 Magneto,spheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field POINTING CONTROL SYSTEMS POWER Interaction Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical InterdiSciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent 442-36-99 W85-70464 Techniques Research (Aeronautics) PLASMA CLOUDS 506-57-15 W85-70187 506-90-28 W85-70103 Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction POWER AMPLIFIERS 442-20-02 W85-70458 542-03-14 W85-70254 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications PLASMA CONDUCTIVITY Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Technology Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Astrophysics) 506-56-25 W85-70207 442-20-02 W85-70458 879-11-46 W85-70534 RF Components for Satellite Communications PLASMA CURRENTS POLAR ORBITS Systems Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Gravity Prohe-B 650-60-22 W85-70475 906-70-29 W85-70577 188-78-41 W85-70402 POWER CONDITIONING PLASMA DENSITY POLAR WANDERING (GEOLOGY) Power Systems Management and Distribution - Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub Crustal Motion System Studies Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 0 692-59-01 W85-70525 506-55-75 W85-70178 168-38-52 W85-70386 Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS 693-05-05 W85-70530 506-55-79 W85-70180 Space Plasma Laboratory Research Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics Automated Power Management 442-20-01 W85-70454 693-61-02 W85-70531 482-55-79 W85-70613 PLASMA DIFFUSION POLARIMETRY POWER CONVERTERS Space Plasma SRT Coronal Data Analysis SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems 442-36-55 W85-70459 385-38-01 W85-70450 506-55-62 W85-70174 PLASMA DYNAMICS POLARIZATION POWER EFFICIENCY Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub Power Systems Management and Distribution - 0 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR Images Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 188-38-52 W85-70386 677-46-02 W85-70513 506-55.75 W85-70178 Space Plasma SRT Multi.100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems POLARIZATION (CHARGE SEPARATION) 442-36-55 W85-70459 506-55-79 W85-70180 Electrostatic Containedess Processing Technology Magnetospharic Physics - Particles and Particle/Field POWER FACTOR CONTROLLERS 179-20-56 W85-70372 Interaction Power Systems Management and Distribution POLICIES 442-36-99 W85-70464 506-56-72 W85-70176 PLASMA INTERACTIONS Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects POWER SPECTRA 906-80-11 W85-70587 Space Plasma Laboratory Research Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise 442-20-01 W85.70454 Data Systems Information Technology Gradient/S57-B Theoretical Space Plasma Physics 482-58-17 W85-70622 505-45-10 W85-70084 442-36-55 W85-70462 POLLUTION TRANSPORT POWERED LIFT AIRCRAFT Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Low-Speed Wiod-Tunnel Operations Magnetospheric Coupling) Distribution 505-42-61 W85-70066 442-36-56 W85-70463 176-10-03 W85-70363 Powered Lift Research and Technology Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physms Climatological Stratospheric Modeling 505-43-01 W85-70070 Experiments 673-61-07 W85-70489 V/STOL Fighter Technology 445-11-36 W85-70465 POLYATOMIC MOLECULES 505-43-03 W85-70071 Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry PREAMPLIFIERS Development 188-41-53 W86-70391 Laser Communications 906-70-30 W85-70578 POLYMER CHEMISTRY 506-58-26 W85-70208 PLASMA JETS Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Space Plasma Laboratory Research Composites Astronomy 442-20-01 W85-70454 505-33-31 W85-70020 157-05-50 W85-70344 PLASMA PHYSICS PRECISION Space Plasma Laberatory Research Advanced Electrochentical Systems 506-55-55 W85-70173 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 442-20-01 W85-70454 Studies POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics 692-59-45 W85-70526 Composite Materials and Structures 442-20-02 W85-70458 PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 534-06-23 W85-70124 Space Plasma SRT Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 442-36-55 W85-70459 Space Durable Materiels 505.31-21 W85-70007 506-53-23 W85-70136 Theoretical Space Plasma Physics Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics 442-36-55 W85-70462 POLYMERIC FILMS 505-31-23 W85-70008 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics Space Durable Materials Computational Flame Radiation Research Experiments 506-53-23 W85-70136 505-31-41 W85-70010 445-11-36 W85-70465 POLYMERIZATION Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental PLASMA PROBES Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Effects in Metals and Composites Space Plasma Laboratory Research Composites 505-33-21 W85-70018 442-20-01 W85-70454 505-33-31 W85-70020 Life Prediction for Structural Materials Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Composites for Airframe Structures 505-33-23 W85-70019 442-36-55 W85-70460 505-33-33 W85-70021 Composites for Airframe Structures PLASMA PUMPING 505-33-33 W85-70021 Propulsion Materials Technology Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-ionosphere 505-33-62 W85.70025 Flight Load Analysis Interaction 505-33-41 W85-70022 442-36-55 W85.70461 POLYMERS Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology PLASMA TURBULENCE Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for Aeronautics 505.33-72 W86-70026 Magcetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field 506-33-10 W85.70016 Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface interaction 505-35-11 W85-70036 442-36-99 W85-70464 Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry RSRA Flight Research/Rotors PLASMA WAVES 506-53-11 W85-70133 505-42-51 W85-70063 Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Effects of Space Environment on Composites Aviation Safety: Savers Storms/F-106B 442-20-02 W86-70458 506-53-25 W85-7Ol 37 505-45-13 W85-70086 POROSITY Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-ionosphere Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) Interaction Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics Project 442-36-55 W85-70461 677-27-03 W85-70503 533-04.12 W86-70121

1-39 PREDICTIONS SUBJECT INDEX

Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines Terrestrial Biology Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant 533-06-12 W85-70122 199-30-32 W85-70421 Scavenging Study Space Durable Materials Terrestrial Biology 906-63-33 W85-70567 506-53-23 W85-70136 199-30-36 W85.70423 PROPELLANT TANKS Advanced Space Structures Ocean Ecology Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite 506-53-43 W85-70143 199-30-42 W85-70424 Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine Structural Analysis and Synthesis 506-53-15 W85-70135 506-53-51 W85-70146 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements PROPELLANT TRANSFER Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology for Data and Functional Interfaces) 506-53-55 W85-70148 199-6t-41 W65-70441 Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant Scavenging Study Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 906-83-33 W85-70567 Synthesis Methods 677-25-99 W85-70498 Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 506-53-69 W85-70150 Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and Transfer Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Measurement Considerations 906-70-23 W85-70576 Scientific Instruments 677-82.02 W85-70519 PROPELLANTS 506-55-86 W85-70183 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development 677-64-01 W85-70521 Interagency Support Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors DSN Monitor and Control Technology 50660-10 W85-70209 506-58-23 W85-70206 310-20-88 W85-70550 PROPELLER BLADES Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) Automated Software (Anelysis/Expert Systems) Advanced Turboprop Technology 146-72.02 W85-70274 Development Work Station 535-03-12 W85-70125 Terrestrial Biology 906-80-13 W85-70588 PROPELLER DRIVE 199-30-32 W85-70421 Human Behavior and Performance Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) Attitude/Orbit Technology 482-52-21 W85-70593 505-45-58 W85-70098 310-10-26 W95-70536 Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station PROPELLER EFFICIENCY PREDICTIONS Focused Technology Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 482-61-47 W85-70629 505-45-58 W85-70098 505-43-13 W85-70073 PROGRAM VERIFICATION (COMPUTERS) PROPORTIONAL COUNTERS PREPROCESSING Fault Tolerant Systems Research X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 506-34-13 W85-70030 157.03-50 W85-70335 677-50-52 W85-70516 Data Systems Information Technology PROPRIOCEPTION PRESSURE 482-58-17 W85-70622 Teleoperator Human Interface Technology Atmospheric Photochemistry PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 506-57-25 W85-70192 147-22-02 W85-70286 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid PROPULSION PRESSURE DEPENDENCE Dynamics Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 506-31-01 W85-70001 505-40-14 W85-70055 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer High Thrust/Weight Technology 147-23-99 W85-70288 Systems 505-40-64 W85-70056 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION 505-37-03 W86-70060 Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge Space Station Customer Data System Focused 505-40-94 W85-70059 Flight Test and VSTFE) Technology Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 506-45-61 W85-70099 482-58-16 W85-70621 505-42-92 W85-70067 Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and PROJECT MANAGEMENT Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Cryo Storage JIAFS Base Support 505-43-52 W85-70078 906-75-52 W85-70585 505-36-43 W85-70047 Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent PRESSURE EFFECTS Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and Research (Aeronautics) Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Robotics 505-90-28 W85-70103 152-12-40 W85-70302 506-54-65 W85-70165 Aeronautics Independent Research PRESSURE MEASUREMENT OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support 505-90-28 W85.70104 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge 506-63-31 W85-70226 PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS Flight Test and VSTFE) Space Station Operations Technology Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology 505-45-61 W86-70099 506-64-27 W85-70244 505-33-72 W85-70026 Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base 152-11-40 W85-70301 542.03-44 W85-70256 Support VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Program Operations 505-36-42 W85-70046 155-04-80 W85-70324 151-01-70 W85-70293 Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis PRESSURE SENSORS NASA.Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility 505-40-84 W85-70059 Microwave Pressure Sounder 151-02-60 W85-70298 Powered Lift Research and Technology 146-72-01 W85-70273 Microgravity Science and Application Support 505-43-01 W85-70070 PREVENTION 179-40-62 W85-70376 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration Bone Physiology Biological Adaptation 505-43-23 W85-70074 199-22-31 W85-70413 199-40-33 W85-70429 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Psychology ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 505-43-83 W85-70083 199-22-62 W85-70416 672-50-99 W85-70485 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) PRIMATES Geostationary Platforms 505-45-83 W85-70101 Large Primate FacUlty 906-90-03 W85-70590 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance 199-80-52 W85-70445 PROJECT PLANNING Technology PRIMITIVE EARTH ATMOSPHERE Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) 506-60-12 W85-70210 Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 542-03-44 W85-70256 Onboard Propulsion Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Operations Support Computing Technology 506-60-22 W85-70212 199-50-20 W85-70432 310-40-26 W85-70553 PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE PROCESSING ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs Test Techniques Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 906-54-62 W85-70561 505-31-53 W85-70012 Aeronautics Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base Propulsion Materials Technology 505-33-10 W85-70016 and Manned GEO Objectives 505-33-62 W85-70026 Multimode Acoustic Research 906-63-06 W85-70565 Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 179-15-20 W85-70370 OTV GN&C System Technology Recluirements 505-42-92 W85-70067 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 906-63-30 W85-70566 Materials Science-NDE and Tribology Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 506-53-12 W85-70134 906-80-11 W85-70587 Applications Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology PRODUCTION ENGINEERING 906-75-59 W85-70586 Intaragency Support Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) PROJECT SETI 506-60-10 W85-70209 Development Work Station The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance 906-80-13 W85-70588 199-50-62 W85-70437 Technology Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion PROP-FAN TECHNOLOGY 506-60-12 W86-70210 482-55-42 W85-70606 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) Oeboard Propulsion PRODUCTIVITY 505-46-58 W85-70098 506-60-22 W85-70212 Airlab Operations Advanced Turboprop Technology Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System 505-34-23 W85-70032 535-03-12 W85-70125 (lAPS) 542-05-12 W85-70261 Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques PROPELLANT STORAGE Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic PROPULSIVE EFFICIENCY 505-34-33 W85-70034 Propellant Storage Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 506-64-25 W85-70242 505-43-81 W85-70082 505-42-51 W85-70063 In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard PROTECTIVE COATINGS Ocean Productivity Support Propulsion Materials Technology t 61-30.02 W65-70352 506-64-26 W85-70243 506-33-62 W85-70025

1"40 SUBJECT INDEX RADIO SOURCES (ASTRONOMY)

Eioctrodynamic Tether Materials and Device PURIFICATION Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Development Bioseparation Processes Research and Technology 906-70-30 W85-70578 179-80.40 W85-70379 506-54-15 W85-70153 Lubricant Coatings PYLONS RADIATION MEASUREMENT 482-53-22 W85-70596 Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable 533-02-71 W85-70118 and Lidar Research and Technology Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 506-54-26 W85-70158 482*53-27 W85-70599 a RADIATION PROTECTION Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings Radiobiology 482-55-49 W85-70607 QUALITY CONTROL 199-22-71 W85-70417 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality RADIATION TRANSPORT Muscle Physiology Assurance Seminars Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on 199-22-42 W85-70415 323-51-90 W85.70265 Mars PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS) Data Processing Technology 155-04-80 W85-70323 Communication Systems Research 310-40-46 W85.70556 RADIATIVE TRANSFER 310-20-71 W85-70551 QUANTUM EFFICIENCY Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and PROTON PRECIPITATION Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components History Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport and Lidar Research and Technology 154-f 0-80 W85-70313 673-41-13 W85-70487 506-54-26 W85-70158 Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures PROTONS QUANTUM MECHANICS 154.40-60 W85-70316 Gamma Ray Astronomy Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 188-46-57 W85-70396 506-53-1 t W85-70133 Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles PROTOSTARS QUARTZ 154-90-80 W85-70322 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostelior Precision Time and Frequency Sources Sea Surface Temperatures Disks 310-10-42 W85-70537 161-30-03 W85-70353 151-02-60 W85-70296 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic PROTOTYPES R Parameters Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 161-40.03 W85-70354 506-53-57 W85-70149 RADAR Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei High Performance Solar Array Research and Rock Weathering in Arid Environments The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds Technology 677-41-07 W85-70507 188-41-63 W85-70392 506-55-45 W85.70170 RADAR ANTENNAS Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions Information Data Systems (IDS) Advanced Transmitter Systems Development 199-30-22 W85-70419 506-58-15 W85-70200 Space Station Operations Technology 310-20-64 W85-70546 Terrestrial Biology 506-64-27 W85-70244 RADAR DATA 199-30-36 W85-70423 The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) ERS-1 Phase B Study Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 199-50-62 W85-70437 161-40-11 W85-70355 Clouds Network Systems Technology Development Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of 672-32-99 W86-70484 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometar 310-20-33 W85-70542 677-27-20 W85-70505 RADIATORS Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR Thermal Management 906-90-22 W85-70591 Images 506-55-62 W85-70182 PROVING 677-46-02 W85-70513 RADIO ALTIMETERS Advanced Controls and Guidance Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and 505.34.11 W85-70029 677-47-07 W85-70515 Multispectral Radar Mapper/Soundar Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems RADAR IMAGERY 157-03-70 W85-70339 506-55-79 W85-70180 Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and RADIO ANTENNAS Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Scientific Instruments Multispectral Radar Mapper/Sounder Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) 157-03.70 W85-70339 159-41-03 W85-70348 506-55-86 W85-70183 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR Radio Metric Technology Development Operat_nal Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and images 310-10-60 W85-70538 Cryo Storage 677-46-02 W85-70513 RADIO ASTRONOMY 906-75-52 W85-70585 PROXIMITY RADAR MAPS Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 159-41.03 W85-70348 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Images Infrared and Sub-Millimetor Astronomy Design and Analysis 577-4602 W85-70513 188-41-55 W85-70393 906-54-61 W85-70560 RADAR MEASUREMENT Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment Using the VLA Psychology 542-03-51 W85-70257 196.41-51 W85-70404 t 99-22-62 W85-70416 RADAR TRACKING RADIO ATTENUATION Interdisciplinary Research 199-90-71 W85-70447 Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Propagation Studies and Measurements PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS Background 643-10-03 W85-70470 Interdisciplinary Research 188-41-22 W85-70388 RADIO COMMUNICATION 199-90-71 W85-70447 Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches Thin-Route User Terminal 646-41-03 W85-70472 Human Behavior and Performance Using the DSN RADIO EMISSION 482-52.21 W85-70593 188-41-22 W85-70390 Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphare-lonosphere PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS RADIANCE Interaction Psychology Meteorological Parameters Extraction 442-36-55 W85-70461 199-22-62 W85-70416 146-66-01 W85-70271 RADIO EQUIPMENT PSYCHOLOGY RADIANT COOLING Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Neurophysiology Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer 505-45-30 W85-70092 199-22-22 W85-70412 t 57-03.70 W85-70337 RADIO FREQUENCIES PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE RADIATION ABSORPTION Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studios Human Engineering Methods Sea Surface Temperalures 643-10-01 W85-70467 505-35-33 W85-70040 161-30-03 W85-70353 RF Components for Satellite Communications PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY RADIATION DAMAGE Systems Human Engineering Methods Space Durable Materials 650-60-22 W85-70475 505-35-33 W88-70040 PULSARS 506-53-23 W85-70136 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Networks Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiotion 506-55.42 W85-70169 310-20-46 W85-70545 Background 186-41-22 W85-70388 High Performance Solar Array Research and RADIO INTERFEROMETERS PULSE COMMUNICATION Technology Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 506-55.45 W85-70170 0 Communication Systems Research 310-20-71 W85-70551 RADIATION DETECTORS 188-38-52 W85-70386 PULSES Gamma.Ray Astronomy RADIO RECEIVERS RF Components for Satellite Communications X-Ray Astronomy 188-46-57 W85-70395 Systems 188-46-59 W85-70398 X-Ray Astronomy 650-60-22 W85-70475 PUMPS 188.46-59 W85.70398 RADIO SCATTERING Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 879-11.41 W85-70533 442-20.01 W85-70455 482-55-77 W85-70612 RADIATION EFFECTS RADIO SOURCES (ASTRONOMY) Advanced H/O Technology Space Durable Materials Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics 482-60-22 W85-70626 506-53-23 W85-70136 442-20-02 W85-70458

1-41 RADIO TRACKING SUBJECT INDEX

RADIO TRACKING Data Systems Research and Technology - Onboard Data REENTRY VEHICLES Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Processing Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics Development 506-58-13 W85-70199 506-51-11 W85-70127 161-10-03 W85-70351 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics RADIO TRANSMISSION Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 506-51-13 W85-70128 Propagation Studies and Measurements (DBMS/MMA) Aerothermal Loads 643-10-03 W85-70470 506.56.19 W85-70204 506-51-23 W85-70131 RADIOACTIVE DECAY FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction REFLECTANCE Planetary Materials: Geochronology 542-03-14 W85-70254 Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 152-14-40 W85-70306 Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment 677-26-02 W85-70500 RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES (Temp A) Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer 542-03-53 W85-70258 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer 157-03-70 W85-70337 Agency*Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action 677-27-20 W85-70505 RADIOBIOLOGY System (MR/CAS) Arid Lands Geobotany Rediobielogy 323-53-50 W85-70269 677-42-09 W85-70512 199-22-71 W85-70417 Mission Operations Technology REFLECTORS RADIOLYSIS 310-40-45 W85-70555 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Effects of Space Environment on Composites Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 506-53-45 W85-70 t 44 506-53-25 W85-70137 Applications Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research RADIOMETERS 906-75-59 • W85-70586 506-54-21 W85-70 t 54 Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development Space Station Customer Data System Focused Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors Technology Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors 506-58-23 W85-70206 482-58-16 W85o70621 506-58-23 W85-70206 Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies Space Station Operations Language Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large 146-66-02 W85-70272 482-58-18 W86.70623 Deployable Reflector A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical REBREATHING 506-62-21 W85-70215 Research in Wetlands Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support Space Technology Experiments-Development of the 199-30-35 W85-70422 Systems Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed 482-64-37 W85-70632 506-62-43 W85-70221 Temperatures RECEIVERS Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for 673-41-12 W85-70486 Laser Communications Astronomy Applications Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 506-58-26 W55-70208 159-41-01 W85-70346 677-25-99 W85-70498 Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and Soil Delineation Astronomy Submillimeter Astronomy 677-26-01 W85-70499 157-05-50 W85-70344 159-41-01 W85-70347 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development Antenna Systems Development 677-27-02 W85-70502 310-10-61 W85-70539 310-20-65 W85-70547 Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Space Station ThermaI-To-Electrio Conversion REFRACTORY MATERIALS Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer 482-55-62 W85-70609 Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for 677-27-20 W85-70505 RECEPTORS (PHYSIOLOGY) Aeronautics Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and Gravity Perception 505-33-10 W85-70016 Measurement Considerations 199-40-12 W85-70426 A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 677-62-02 W85-70519 RECOMBINATION REACTIONS and Evolution of Presolar Grains Radio Systems Development Gamma-Ray Astronomy 152-12-40 W85-70303 310-20-66 W85-70548 188-46-57 W85-70395 Electrostatic Containerless Processing Technology RAIN RECONNAISSANCE AIRCRAFT t 79-20-56 W85-70372 Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) REFRIGERATORS 505-45-18 W85-70089 505-45-63 W85-70101 Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Radar Studies of the Sea Surface RECYCLING 506-54-21 W85-70154 161-80-01 W85-70358 CELSS Development Radio Systems Development RAIN FORESTS 199-61-12 W85-70438 310-20-66 W85-70548 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme REDUCED GRAVITY Manned Module Thermal Management System 677-27-01 W85-70501 Thermal Management 482-56-89 W85.70616 RANGEFINDING 506-55.82 W85-70182 REFUELING Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant Development 506-62-42 W85-70220 Transfer 161-10-03 W85-70351 Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 906-70-23 W85-70576 RARE GASES 179-10-10 W85-70367 REGENERATION Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's Advanced Life Support Systems Technology 152-13-60 W85-70305 Support 506-64-37 W85-70247 REGENERATION (ENGINEERING) Planetary Matarials: Isotope Studies 179-13-72 W85-70368 152-15-40 W85-70307 Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Support RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS Physw,al Properties of Underoooled Melts and 506-64-31 W85-70246 Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation REGENERATION (PHYSIOLOGY) 506-51-13 W85-70128 179-20-55 W85-70371 Ground Experiment Operations Automated Subsystems Management Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer 179-33-00 W85-70374 506-54-67 W85-70166 (SUMS) Miorogravity Science and Application Support REGENERATIVE FUEL CELLS 506-63-37 W85-70230 179.40-62 W85-70376 Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Miorogravity Materials Science Laboratory Storage Experiment Development 179-48-00 W85.70377 482-55-52 W85-70608 506-63-43 W85-70233 Containeriess Processing REGOLITH RATES (PER TIME) 179-80-30 W85-70378 Planetary Geology 151-01-20 W85-70291 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Bioseparetion Processes 505-31-04 W85-70003 179-80-40 W85.70379 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites REACTION KINETICS Reduced Gravity Combustion Science 151-05-80 W85-70300 Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere 179-80-51 W85-70380 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 147-21-03 W85-70283 Crystal Growth Process 152-17-40 W85-70308 Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere 179-80-70 W85-70382 REGRESSION ANALYSIS 147-22-01 W85-70285 Crystal Growth Research Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Atmospheric Photochemistry 179-60-70 W85-70383 677-50-52 W85-70516 147-22-02 W85-70286 Developmental Biology REGULATIONS Data Survey and Evaluation 199-40-22 W85-70427 Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 147-51-02 W85-70289 Biological Adaptation 643.10-01 W85-70467 REAL GASES 199-40-32 W85-70428 REGULATORS Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Transfer Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development 506-51 - 13 W85-70128 906.76.23 W85-70576 Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 482.55.77 W85-70612 REAL TIME OPERATION REENTRY RELATIVITY Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) Systems 506-63-40 W85-70232 PACE Flight Experiments 505-37-03 W85-70050 REENTRY EFFECTS 179-00-00 W85-70366 Engineenng Data Management and Graphics Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology 505-37-23 W85-70052 506-63-24 W85-70224 186.41.22 W85-70389 Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) OEX Thermal Protection Experiments Gravity Probe-B 533.02.81 W85-70119 506-63-39 W85-70231 188-78-41 W85-70402

1-42 SUBJECT INDEX RESEARCH FACILITIES

REUABILITY InterdiSciplinary Science Support Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed Applied Flight Control 147-51-12 W85-70290 Temperatures 505-34-01 W85-70027 Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures 673-41-12 W85-70486 Fault Tolerant Systems Research 154-40-80 W85-70316 Multifunctional Smart End Effector 505-34-13 W85-70030 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 482-52-25 W85-70594 Reliable Software Development Technology 157-04-80 W85-70342 REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES 505-37-13 W85-70051 Research Mission Study - Topex High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems 161-10-01 W85-70350 505-45-63 W85-7010t 506-56-79 W85-70180 Ocean Productivity RENDEZVOUS GUIDANCE 161-30-02 W85.70352 Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Space Human Factors Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic 506-64-15 W85-70238 506-57-21 W85-70190 Parameters REPORT GENERATORS Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information 161-40-03 W85.70354 Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action Systems Oceanic Remote Sensing Library System (MR/CAS) 506-58.11 W85.70197 161-50-02 W85-70356 323-53-80 W85-70269 Space Technology Experimenta-Development of the Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support REPRODUCTION (BIOLOGY) Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna 161-50-03 W85-70357 Developmental Biology 506-62"43 W85.70221 Radar Studies of the Sea Surface 199-40-22 W85-70427 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: 161-80-01 W85.70358 REQUIREMENTS Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 323-51-03 W85-70262 161-80-15 W85-70359 506-62-25 W85-70218 NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems Assurance Seminars Using the VIA Technology 323-51-90 W85-70265 196-41-51 W85-70404 506-62-26 W86-70219 RF Components for Satellite Communications Detection of Other Planetary Systems Conceptual Characterization and Technology Systems 196-41-68 W85-70407 Assessment 650-60-22 W85-70475 Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 506-63-29 W85-70225 Software Engineering Technology 199-30-22 W85-70419 Advanced Studies 310-10-23 W85.70535 Terrestrial Biology 650-80-26 W85-70477 Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy 199-30-32 W85-70421 Satellite Communications Technology Tubes for Structural Applications TerTestrisl Biology 310-20-38 W85-70543 482-53-25 W85-70598 199-30-36 W85-70423 Power System Control and Modelling RELIABILITY ENGINEERING Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring 482-55-75 W85-70611 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) 667-60-18 W85-70480 Space Station Operations Language 505-34.17 W85-70031 Long Term Applications Research 482-66-18 W85-70623 Airiab Operations 668-37-99 W85-70481 RESEARCH 505-34-23 W85-70032 Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed Biological Adaptation Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines Temperatures 199-40-33 W85-70429 533-05-12 W85-70122 673-41-12 W85-70486 RESEARCH AIRCRAFT Onboard Propulsion Geopotential Research Mission (GRM) Studies Flight Test Operations 506-60-22 W85-70212 676-59.10 W85-70494 506"42-61 W85-70064 REMOTE CONSOLES Soil Delineation RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Telooperator Human Factors 677-26.01 W85-70499 Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base 506-57-29 W85-70195 Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research Support REMOTE CONTROL 677-26-02 W85-70500 505-36-42 W85-70046 Manned Control of Remote Operations Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent 506-57-23 W85.70191 677-27-01 W85-70501 Processing Systems On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 506-37-01 W85-70049 506-64-23 W85-70241 677-27-02 W85-70502 High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 505-45-83 W86-70101 506-84-29 W85-70245 677-27-03 W85-70503 Sensor Research and Technology DSN Monitor and Control Technology TIMS Data Analysis 506-54-25 W85-70157 310-20-68 W85-70550 677-41-03 W85-70506 Power Systems Management and Distribution - Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 906-75-00 W85-70579 677-41-07 W85-70507 506-66-75 W85-70178 Multifunctional Smart End Effector Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain MPS AR & DA Support 482-52-25 W85-70594 677-41-13 W85-70508 179-40-62 W85-70375 REMOTE HANDLING Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Interdisciplinary Research Electrostatic Containeriess Processing Technology 677-41-24 W85-70509 199-90-71 W86-70447 179-20-56 W85-70372 Multispectral Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes Ames Research Center Initiatives Telepresence Work Station 677"41-29 W85-70510 199-90-72 W85-70448 906-75-41 W85-70683 Arid Lands Goobotany Advanced Rendezvous and Decking Sensor REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM 677"42-09 W85-70512 906-75-23 W85-70582 Automation Systems Research Airborne Radar Research Geostationary Platforms 506-54-63 W85-70164 677-47-03 W85-70514 906-90-03 W85-70590 Erectable Space Structures Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 482-53-43 W85-70601 677-47-07 W85-70515 906-90-22 W85-70591 Space Station/Orbitar Docking/Berthing Evaluation Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Space Data Technology 482-53-57 W85-70605 677-50-52 W85-70516 482-58-13 W86-70620 REMOTE SENSING Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land RESEARCH FACILITIES Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics Cover Types Advanced Controls and Guidance 506-51-14 W86-70129 677-53.01 W85-70517 505-34-11 W85-70029 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Human Factors Facilities Operations 506-54-23 W85-70156 Research Project 505-35-81 W85-70041 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 677-60-17 W85-70518 Aeronautics Graduate Research Program and Lidar Research and Technology Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and 605-36-21 W85-70042 506-54-26 W85-70158 Measurement Considerations Graduate Program in Aeronautics Space Systems Analysis 677-82-02 W85-70519 605-36-22 W85-70043 606-64-19 W85-70240 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Sensing (JIAA) 642-03-14 W85-70254 677-63-99 W85-70520 505-36"41 W85-70045 Meteorological Parameters Extraction Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Joint institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base 146-66-01 W85-70271 677-64-01 W85-70521 Support 505-36-42 W85-70046 Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial 146-66-02 W85.70272 Landforms Facility Upgrade Microwave Pressure Sounder 505-43-60 W85-70079 677.80-27 W85-70523 146-72-01 W85.70273 High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft REMOTE SENSORS 505-43-61 W85-70080 for Support of Stratospberic/Tropospheric Exchange Sensor Research and Technology Flight Support Experiments 506-54-25 W85-70157 505-43-71 W85-70081 • 147-14-07 W85-70280 X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Wallops Flight Facility Research Airport Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements 157-03-50 W85-70335 505-45-36 W86-70094 147-16-01 W85-70282 Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 157-03-70 W85-70337 151-02-60 W85-70298 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Long Term Applications Reseamh Ames Research Center Initiatives 147-23-99 W85-70288 668-37-99 W85-70481 199-90-72 W85-70448

1-43 SUBJECTINDEX RESEARCH MANAGEMENT

ROTARY WINGS Space Plasma Laboratory Research F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 442-20-01 W85-70454 533-02-31 W85-70 t 13 Rotorcralt Airframe Systems 505-42-23 W85-70061 Experiments Coordination and Mission Support REYNOLDS STRESS ROTATING LIQUIDS 646-41-01 W85-70471 Test Methods and Instrumentation Communications Laboratory for Transponder 505-31-51 W85-70011 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop Dynamics Module Development RHEOLOGY 542-03-01 W85-70251 650-60-23 W85-70476 Composites for Airframe Structures ROTOR AERODYNAMICS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT 505-33-33 W85-70021 Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Regional Crust Deformation 505-36-21 W85-70042 692-61-01 W85-70527 and Technology 505-42-11 W85-70060 Graduate Program in Aeronautics Lithospherie Structure and Mechanics 505-36-22 W85-70043 693-61-02 W85-70531 RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 505-42-51 W85-70063 Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics RHYTHM (BIOLOGY) Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations (JIAA) Biological Adaptation 505-36-41 W85-70045 199-40-32 W85-70428 505-42-81 W85-70066 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SR'r) Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base RIBS (SUPPORTS) 505-45-58 W85-70098 Support Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 505.36-42 W85-70046 506-62-45 W85-70222 Rotorcraft Systems Integration 532-06-11 W85-70105 Advisory Group on Electron Devices (AGED) RISK 506-54-10 W85-70151 Planetary Spacecraft Systems,Technology ROTOR BLADES (TURBOMACHINERY) Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 506-62-25 W85-70218 RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 505-42-51 W85-70063 Propellent Storage Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 506-64.25 W85-70242 906-64-24 W85.70571 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Technology In-Space Fluid Management Technology. Goddard ROBOTICS 506-60-12 W85-70210 Support Automation Systems Research 506-64-26 W85-70243 506-54-63 W85-70164 ROTOR BODY INTERACTIONS Detection of Other Planetary Systems Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and Rotorcraft Systems Integration 196-41-68 W65-70407 RobOtics 532-06-11 W85-70105 ROTOR SYSTEMS RESEARCH AIRCRAFT Biological Adaptation 508-54-65 W85-70165 199-40°33 W85.70429 On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation 532-09-10 W85-70107 Long Term Applications Research 606-64-23 W85-70241 668-37°99 W85-70481 Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 506-64-29 W85-70245 S 672-50-99 W65-70465 Robotics H_ardous FkJids Loading/Unloadir¢ J System 906-64°24 W85-70571 ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs SAFETY 906-54-62 W85-70561 Telepresence Work Station Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics 906-75-41 W85-70663 Orbital Transfer Vehicle (O'i'V) 505-33-53 W85-70024 906-63-03 W85-70564 Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques RESEARCH PROJECTS 482-53-53 W85-70604 505-34-33 W85-70034 Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) ROBOTS Transport CompOsite Primary Structures 505-90-28 W85-70102 Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance 534-06-13 W85-70123 RESEARCH VEHICLES Program Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action 323-51-66 W85-70264 Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition System (MR/CAS) 506-63-24 W85-70224 ROBUSTNESS (MATHEMATICS) 323-53-80 W85-70269 RESIDUES Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Ames Research Center Initiatives Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Image Data/concurrent Solution Methods 199-90-72 W85-70448 506-54-55 W85-70160 Research Project SAFETY MANAGEMENT 677-60-17 W85-70516 Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement RESIN MATRIX COMPOSITES Forest Canopies Using C-Sand Scatterometer 505-34-31 W85-70033 677-27-20 W85-70505 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety CompOsites Communication Systems Research 505-35-21 W85-70038 505-33-31 W85-70020 310-20-71 W85.70551 Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant ROCKET ENGINE CONTROL Composite Materials and Structures Transfer 534-06-23 W85-70124 High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine 906-70-23 W85-70576 RESINS Technology SAMPLES Composites for Airframe Structures 525-02-12 W85-70249 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 505-33-33 W85-70021 Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 152-20-40 W85-70310 Composite Materials and Structures Technology Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities 534-06-23 W85-70124 525-02-19 W85-70250 152-30-40 W85-70311 RESISTANCE HEATING ROCKET ENGINE DESIGN Multistage (nventory/Sampling DeSign Laboratory and Theory Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 677-27-02 W85-70502 188-38-53 W85-70387 Technology SAMPLING RESISTOJET ENGINES 525-02-19 W85-70250 Atmospheric Turb_lecce Measurements - Spanwise Resistojet Technology ROCKET ENGINES Gradient/B57-B 482-50-22 W85-70592 Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System 505-45-10 W85-70084 RESONANT FREQUENCIES (lAPS) Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technok_gy 542-05- t 2 W85-70261 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop 506-62-25 W85-70218 Dynamics Module ROCKET SOUNDING Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 542-03-01 W85-70251 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Experiments 199-50-20 W85-70432 Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities 445-11-36 W85-70465 Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 152-30-40 W85-70311 ROCKET-BORNE INSTRUMENTS 677-27-03 W65-70503 REUSABLE HEAT SHIELDING X-Ray Astronomy Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Thermal Structures 188-46-59 W85-70398 677-41.13 W85-70508 506-53-33 W85-70140 ROCKS Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and OEX Thermal Protection Experiments Organic GeochemistryoEarly Solar System Volatiles as Measurement Considerations 506-63-39 W85-70231 Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples 677-62-02 W85-70519 REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES 199-50-20 W85-70432 SAPPHIRE SDV/Advanced Vehicles Organic Geochemistry Remote Sensor System Research and Technology 906-65-04 W85-70572 199-50-22 W85-70433 506-54-23 W85.70156 REUSABLE ROCKET ENGINES TIMS Data Analysis SATELLITE ANTENNAS Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion 677-41-03 W85-70506 Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology 506-60-42 W85-70213 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 650-60-20 W85-70473 REUSABLE SPACECRAFT 677-41-07 W85-70507 SATELLITE ATMOSPHERES Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) ROTARY ENGINES Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 542-03-44 W85-70256 Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology 154-60-80 W85-70317 Long Duration ExpOsure Fscility 505-40-68 W85-70057 SATELLITE AI"rlTUDE CONTROL 542-04-13 W85-70260 ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT Attitude/Orbit Technology Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety 310-10-26 W85-70536 906-63-39 W66-70569 505-35-21 W65-70038 REVERSING Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology SATELLITE BESIGN V/STOL Fighter Technology 505-40-68 W85-70057 Network Systems Technology Development 310-20-33 W85-70542 505-43-03 W85-70071 Rotorcraft Proputsicn Technology (convettible Engine) REYNOLDS NUMBER 505-42-92 W85-70067 SATELLITE IMAGERY Test Techniques Helicopter Transmission Technology ERS-t Phase B Study 505-31-53 W85-70012 505-42-94 W86-70068 161-40-11 W65-70355

1-44 SUBJECT INDEX SHAPES

Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Space Technology Exparirnents°Development of the SEDIMENTS ProjeCt Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Organic Geochemistry 667.60-16 W85-70479 506.62.43 W85-70221 199-50-22 W85-70433 Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and SCANNERS SEEBECK EFFECT Measurement Considerations Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology 677-62-02 W85-70519 Program 506.55-65 W85-70175 323-51-66 W85-70264 SEISMOLOGY SATELLITE INSTRUMENTS Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely .Sensed SCATHA SATELLITE Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Space Plasma Data Analysis 159-38-01 W85-70345 Temperatures 673-41 -12 W85.70486 442-20-01 W85-70457 Regional Crustal Dynamics SCATrERING 692.61-02 W85-70528 Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures SEMICONDUCTING FILMS 879-11-41 W65-70533 154-40-80 W85-70316 Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Shuttle Tethered Aerothermedynamic Research Facility SCATTERING CROSS SECTIONS 506-55-42 W85-70169 (STARFAC) Scatterometer Research SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 906-70ol 6 W85-70575 161-80-39 W85-70362 Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics SATELLITE NETWORKS SCA'n'EROMETERS Research and TeChnology New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies 506.54-15 W85-70153 Filings 146-66-02 W85-70272 SEMICONDUCTOR JUNCTIONS 643-10-02 W85-70468 Thecreticai/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Photovotta_c Er_ergyConversion SATELLITE OBSERVATION Centimetric Waves in the Ocean 506-55-42 W85-70169 Research Mission Study - Topex 161-80-37 W85.70360 SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS 161-10-01 W85-70350 Scatterometer Research Hydrodyn Studies Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic 161-80-39 W65.70362 196-41-54 W85-70405 Parameters Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS) 161.40-03 W85-70354 Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scafterometer Solid State Device and Atomic and MoleCular Physics Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport 677-27-20 W85-70505 Research and TeChnology 673-41 -13 W85-70487 New TeChniques for Quantitative Ana|ysis of SAR 506-54-15 W65-70163 Images Power Systems Management and Distribution Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 879-11-41 W85-70533 677-46-02 W85o70513 506-55-72 W85-70176 Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Crystal Growth Research SATELLITE ORBITS 677 .47-07 W65-70515 179-60-70 W85-70383 Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology SCAVENGING Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Development Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Development 161-10-03 W85.70351 906-63-03 W85-70564 906-70-30 W85-70578 Advanced Studies Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant SENSITIVITY 650-60-26 W85-70477 Scavenging Study Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Gravity Gradiomoter Program 906-63-33 W85°70567 542-03-54 W85-70259 676-59-55 W85-70496 SCHEDULING Airborne Lider for OH and NO Measurement GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and 176-40-14 W85-70365 Studies Synthesis Methods Gravity Perception 692-59-45 W85-70526 506-53-59 W85-70150 199-40-12 W85-70426 Attitude/Orbit Technology SDV/Advanced Vehicles SENSORIMOTOR PERFORMANCE 310-10-26 W85-70536 906-65-04 W85-70572 Neurophysiology Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of SCIENTISTS 199-22-22 W85-70412 the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) JIAFS Base Support SENSORS 310-20.39 W85-70544 505-36-43 W85-70047 Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation SATELLITE PERTURBATION MPS AR & DA Support 505-40-14 W85-70055 Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics 179-40-62 W85-70375 Data Systems Information Technology 693-61-02 W85-70531 Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) 606-58-16 W85-70201 SATELLITE SOUNDING 656-42-01 W85-70478 Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development SCINTILLATION 157-04-80 W85-70343 Meteorological Parameters Extraction 146-66-01 W85-70271 Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub SENSORY PERCEPTION SATELLITE TRACKING 0 Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Attitude/Orbit TeChnology 188-38-52 W85-70386 505-35-11 W85-70036 310-10-26 W85-70536 Gamma-Ray Astronomy SEPARATED FLOW Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development 188-46-57 W85-70395 Viscous Flows 310-10-61 W85-70539 SCINTILLATION COUNTERS 505.31-11 W85-70004 Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) 442-20-01 W86-70455 505-43-13 W85-70073 310-20-39 W85-70544 SEA ICE F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research SATELLITE TRANSMISSION Meteorological Parameters Extraction 533-02-01 W85-70109 Experiments Coordination and Missm_ Support 146-66-01 W85-70271 High Angle-of-Attack Technology 646-41-01 W85.70471 ERS-1 Phase B Study 533-02-03 W85-70110 Advanced Transmitter Systems Development 161-40-11 W85-70355 SERVICE LIFE 310-20-64 W85-70546 SEA WATER Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental SATELLITE-BORNE INSTRUMENTS ocean Productivity Effects in Metals and Composites Microwave Pressure Sounder 161-30-02 W85-70352 505-33-21 W85-70018 146-72-01 W85-70273 Sea Surface Temperatures Propulsion Structural Analysis TeChnology Upper Atmospheric Measurements 161-30-03 W85-70353 505-33-72 W85-70026 147-14-99 W85-70281 Microwave Remote Sensing of oceanographic Advanced E_ectrechemicaI Systems Space Plasma SRT Parameters 506-55.55 W85-70173 442-36-55 W85-70459 161.40-03 W85-70354 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance SATURN (PLANET) SEALS (STOPPERS) Technology Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Helicopter Transmission Technology 506.60.12 W85-70210 151-02-60 W85-70295 505-42°94 W85-70068 Onboard Propulsion Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion 506-60-22 W85-70212 151-05-80 W85-70300 506-60-42 W85-70213 High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data SEASAT SATELLITES Technology Analysis Global Sea.set Wind Analysis and Studies 525-02-12 W85-70249 442-20-01 W85-70456 146-66-02 W85-70272 Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) SATURN RINGS Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Technology Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 161-80-01 W85-70358 525-02-19 WB5-70250 Observations and AeroSOls and Ring Particles SERVICE MODULES 154.90-80 W85-70322 Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Systems Anaiysis-Spece Station Propulsion SCALARS Centimetric Waves in the Ocean Requirements Advanced Magnetometer 161-80-37 W85-70360 506-64-12 W85-70235 676-59-75 W85-70497 Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry SHAPE CONTROL SCALE MODELS 161-80.38 W85-70361 Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large National Transonic Facility (NTF) SEASAT 1 Space Structures 505-31-63 W85-70014 Microwave Remote Sensing of oceanographic 506-53-53 W85-70147 Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Parameters SpaceCraft Controls and Guidance 506-53-41 W85-70142 161-40-03 W85-70354 506.57-13 W85-70166 Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development SEDIMENTARY ROCKS SHAPES Program for Large Aperture Deployable RefleCtors Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 506-58-23 W85-70206 677-41-24 W85-70509 505-43-83 W85-70083

1-45 SHEAR FLOW SUBJECT INDEX

Space Technology Experiments-Development of the Automation Systems Research Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Export Systems Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna 506-54-63 W85-70164 506-54-61 W85-70163 506-82.43 W85-70221 Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Automation Technology for Planning. Teleoparation and Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Manned Orbiting Space Stations Robotics 677-60-52 W85-70516 506-64-14 W85.70237 506-54-65 W85-70166 SHEAR FLOW Planetary Geology Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications Viscous Drag Reduction and Control 151-01-20 W85-70291 Technology 505-31 - 13 W85-70005 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 506-58-25 W85-70207 SHELL THEORY 151-01-60 W85-70292 Giotto Ephemeris Support Regional Crust Deformation Mars Data Analysis 156-03-02 W85-70329 692-61-01 W85-70527 155-20-40 W85-70325 Image Processing Capability Upgrade SHELLFISHES Giotto PIA Co-I 677-80-22 W85-70522 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 156-03-04 W85-70331 Software Engineering Technology 677-64-01 W85-70521 Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 310-10-23 W85-70535 SHOCK TUBES Using the DSN Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 188-41-22 W86-70390 310-10-81 W85-70539 506-51-41 W85-70 t 32 Extended Data Analysis Network Hardware and Software Development Tools SHOCK WAVES 199-70-41 W85-70442 310-40-72 W65-70558 Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry Communications Laboratory for Transponder Weather Forecasting Export System 188-41-53 W85-70391 Development 906-64-23 W85-70570 Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations 650-60-23 W85-70476 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture 442-20-01 W85-70455 Aerosol Formation Models Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data Magneto,spheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 672-31-99 W85-70483 906-65-33 W85-70573 Analysis Geopetential Research Mission (GRM) Studies Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 442-20-01 W85-70456 676-59-10 W85-70494 Applications SHORT TAKEOFF AIRCRAFT Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 906-76-59 W85-70586 Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft 677-42-04 W85-70511 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 505-43-52 W85.70078 Network Systems Technology Development 906-80-11 W85-70687 SHu'rrLE DERIVED VEHICLES 310-20-33 W85-70542 Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) SDV/Advanced Vehicles Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation Development Work Station 906-65-04 W85-70572 482-53.57 W85-70605 906-80-13 W85-70588 SIDELOBES Power System Control and Modelling Automated Power Management Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 482-55-75 W85-70611 482-55-79 W85-70613 Technology Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Space Data Technology 506-56-25 W85-70207 482-57-39 W85-70618 482-58-13 W85-70620 SIGNAL DETECTION Extended Network Analysis Space Station Customer Data System Focused Optical Communications Technology Development 482-58-t t W85-70619 Technology 310-20-67 W85-70549 SIMULATORS 482-56-16 W85-70621 SIGNAL PROCESSING NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator Data Systems Information Technology Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement 323-53-08 W85-70267 482-58-17 W85-70622 176-40-14 W85-70365 Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain SOFTWARE TOOLS Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 677-41-13 W85-70508 Computer Science Research Using the DSN SINGULARITY (MATHEMATICS) 506-54.56 W85-70161 188-41-22 W85-70390 Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Testing and Analysis of DOD ADA Language for The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Background NASA 199-50-62 W85-70437 188-41-22 W85-70388 506-56-18 W85-70203 Satellite Communications Technology SINKS Software Engineering Technology 310-20-38 W85-70543 Upper Atmospheric Measurements 310-10-23 W85-70535 SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS 147-14-99 W85-70281 Mission Operations Technology Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 310-40.45 . W85-70555 Using the DSN 199-30-22 W85-70419 Data Systems Information Technology 188-41-22 W85-70390 SIS (SEMICONDUCTORS) 482-58-17 W85-70622 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Sensor Research and Technology SOIL MECHANICS Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination 506-54-25 W85-70t 57 PACE Flight Experiments 385-38-01 W85-70451 SITE SELECTION t 79-00-00 W85-70366 Communication Systems Research Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote SOIL MOISTURE 310-20-71 W85-70551 Sensing Meteorological Parameters Extraction Digital Signal Processing 677-63-99 W85-70520 146-66-01 W85-70271 310-30-70 W85-70552 SKIN (STRUCTURAL MEMBER) Soil Delineation SIGNAL TRANSMISSION Rotorcraft Airframe Systems 677-26-01 W86-70499 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts 505-42-23 W85-70061 SOILS 482-57-39 W85-70618 SIGNATURE ANALYSIS SLOPES Planetary Geology New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 151-01-20 W85.70291 Hydrodyn Studies Images Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland 196-41-54 W85-70405 677-46-02 W85-70513 Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory SOCIAL FACTORS Ecosystems Research Support for the Committee on Human Factors of the 199-30-26 W85-70420 196-41-67 W85.70406 National Academy of Science Soil Delineation SIKORSKY AIRCRAFT 505-35-10 W85-70035 677-26-01 W85-70499 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Shorfgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 505-42-23 W85-70061 Mathematics for Engineering and Science 677-26-02 W85-70500 SILICON 505-31-83 W85-70015 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme High Performance Solar Array Research and Loads and Aeroelasticity 677-27-01 W85-70501 Technology 505-33-43 W85-70023 Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 506-55-45 W85-70170 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics 677-41-13 W85-70508 SILICON CARBIDES 505-33-53 W85.70024 Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for Aeronautics Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Research Project 505-34-17 W85.70031 677-60-17 W85-70518 505-33-10 W85-70016 SILICON DIOXIDE Airlab Operations SOLAR ACTIVITY 505-34-23 W85.70032 Coronal Data Analysis Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 677-41-13 W85-70508 Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques 385-38-01 W85-70450 SILICON NITRIDES 505-34-3"3 W85-70034 SOLAR ARRAYS Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent High Performance Solar Array Research and Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for Processing Systems Aeronautics 505-37-01 W85-70049 Technology 505-33-10 W85-70016 Reliable Software Development Technology 506-55-45 W85-70170 SIMULATION 505-37-13 W85-70051 Multi-kW Solar Arrays Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Central Computer Facility 506-55-49 W85-70171 505-31-04 W85-70003 505-37-41 W85.70053 Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 532-09-10 W85-70107 536-01-11 W85-70126 482-53-27 W85-70599 Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Silicon Array Development and ProtactiveCoatings 536-01-11 W85-70126 Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 482-55-49 W85-70607 Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 506-54-55 W85-70160 SOLAR ATMOSPHERE Technology Development Computer Science Research Laboratory and Theory 506-51-17 W85-70130 506-54-56 W85-70161 188-38-53 W85-70387

1-46 SUBJECT INDEX SPACE ERECTABLE STRUCTURES

SOLAR I_LANKETS Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Studies Interagency Assistance and Testing 506-55-42 W85-70169 188-46-56 W85-70394 505-43-31 W85-70075 SOLAR CELLS Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems SOLID STATE DEVICES Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Plasmas Satellite Communications Research and Technology 506-55-42 W85-70169 441-06-01 W85-70453 506-58-22 W85-70205 High Performance Solar Array Research and SOLAR SAILS Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems Technology Electric Propulsion Systems Technology (EPAMS) 506-85-45 W85-70170 506-55-25 W85-70168 323-53-50 W85-70268 Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion SOLAR SPECTRA X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition 482-55-42 W85-70606 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 157-03-50 W85-70335 SOLAR COLLECTORS Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems 385-38-01 W85-70451 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts 506-56.62 W85-70174 SOLAR SYSTEM 482-57.39 W85-70618 SOLAR CORONA Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies SOLID STATE LASERS Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar 151-02-60 W85-70295 Remote Sensor System Research and Technoiogy Disks Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar 506-54-23 W86.70156 151-02-60 W85-70296 Disks In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 151-02-60 W85-70296 542-03-51 W85-70257 and Evolution of Presolar Grains The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites SOLID WASTES 152-12-40 W85-70303 151-02-60 W85-70297 Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology Support 152-13-60 W85-70305 152-11-40 W85-70301 506-64-31 W86.70246 Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Advanced Life Support Systems Technology 0 152-12-40 W85-70302 506-64-37 W85.70247 188-38-52 W85-70386 Planetary Materials: Chemistry SOLIDIFICATION Laboratory and Theory 152-13-40 W85-70304 Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 188-38-53 W85-70387 Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites 179-10-10 W85-70367 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter 152-13-60 W85-70305 Containeriess Studies of Nucleatldn and Undercooling: Facility Planetary Materials: Geochronology Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and 188-76.38 W85-70400 152-14-40 W85-70306 Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Coronal Data Analysis Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies 179-20-55 W85-70371 385-38-01 W85-70450 152-15-40 W85-70307 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station SOLAR CYCLES Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 179-20-62 W85-70373 Laboratory and Theory 152-17-40 W85-70308 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory 188-38-53 W85-70387 Instrument Development 179-48-00 W85-70377 SOLAR ENERGY 199-30-52 W85-70425 Crystal Growth Process Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution Chemical Evolution 179-80-70 W85-70382 506-55-73 W85-70177 199-50-12 W85-70430 SOLIDS Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undarcooling: 154-20-80 W85-70314 Recorded in Meteorites and Arohean Samples Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Extended Atmospheres 199-50-20 W85-70432 Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 154-80-80 W85-70320 Solar System Exploration 179-20-55 W85-70371 SOLAR FLARES 199-50-42 W85-70435 SOLUTIONS Laboratory and Theory Life in the Universe Crystal Growth Research 188-38-53 W85-70387 199-50-52 W85-70436 179-80-70 W85-70383 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems SORBENTS Facility Plasmas Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 188-78.38 W85-70400 441-06-01 W85-70453 157-04-80 W85-70341 SOLAR GENERATORS Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base SOUNDING Lunar Base Power System Evaluation and Manned GEO Objectives Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and 323-54-01 W86.70270 906-63-06 W85-70565 Multispectral Radar Mappar/Sounder SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELD SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS 157-03-70 W85-70339 Ground.Based Observations of the Sun Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems SOUNDING ROCKETS 188-38-52 W85-70384 Plasmas Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 441-06-01 W85-70453 879-11-41 W85-70533 188-38-52 W86.70385 Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Laboratory and Theory Interaction Astrophysics) 188-38-53 W85-70387 442-36-99 W85-70464 879-11-46 W85-70534 SOLAR OBSERVATORIES SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Advanced Solar Physics Concepts - Advanced Solar Lunar Base Power System Evaluation Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Observatow 323-54-01 W85-70270 692-05-05 W85-70524 188-78-38 W85-70401 SOLAR VELOCITY SPACE SOLAR ORBITS Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Thermal Management Giotto Ephemeris Support 188-38-52 W85-70384 506-55-82 W85-70182 156-03-02 W85-70329 SOLAR WIND SPACE CAPSULES SOLAR OSCILLATIONS Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Human Factors in Space Systems Solar Dynamics Observatory (SIX)) 154-60-80 W85-70317 506-57-20 W85-70189 159-38-01 W85-70345 Extended Atmospheres SPACE CHARGE SOLAR PHYSICS 154-80-80 W85-70320 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Extended Atmospheres Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 159-38-01 W85-70345 154-80-80 W85-70321 482-61-41 W85-70628 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments SPACE COMMUNICATION 188-38-52 W85-70384 156-03-05 W85-70332 Propagation Studies and Measurements Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 643-10-03 W85-70470 188-38-52 W85-70385 188-38-52 W85-70384 Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology Advanced Solar Physics Concepts - Advanced Solar Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 650-60-20 W85-70473 Observaton/ 0 SPACE DEBRIS 188-78-38 W85-70401 188-38-52 W85-70386 Hyparvelocity Impact Resistance of Composite Solar and Heliospheric Physics Data Analysis Solar and Heliospherio Physics Data Analysis Materials 385-38-01 W85-70449 385-38-01 W85-70449 506-53-27 W85-70138 SOLAR PLANETARY INTERACTIONS Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems Orbital Debris Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Plasmas 906-75-22 W85-70581 154-60-80 W86.70317 441-06-01 W85-70453 SPACE ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION SOLAR PROBES Space Durable Materials Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 506-53-23 W85-70136 Evaluation Analysis Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) 506-53-31 W85-70139 442-20-01 W85-70456 Gravity Research SOLAR RADIATION Theoretical Space Plasma Physics 199-80-32 W85-70444 High Performance Solar Array Research and 442-36-55 W85-70462 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment Technology Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field (SADE) 506-55-45 W85-70170 Interaction 906-55-10 W85-70562 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 442-36-99 W85-70464 SPACE ERECTABLE STRUCTURES 152-17-40 W85-70308 SOLAR WIND VELOCITY Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept Extended Atmospheres Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations Development 154-80-80 W85-70320 442-20-01 W85-70455 506-53-49 W85-70145

1-47 SPACE EXPLORATtON SUBJECT INDEX

Space Station Operations Technology Frequency and Timing Research Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory 506-64-27 W85-70244 310-10-62 W85-70540 179-48-00 W85-70377 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment Space Systems and Navigation Technology Containedess Processing (SADE) 310-10-63 W85-70541 179-60-30 W85-70378 906-65-10 W85-70562 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Biosaparation Processes Erectable Space Structures Design and Analysis 179-80-40 W85-70379 482-53-43 W85-70601 906-54-61 W85-70560 Crystal Growth Process Deployable Truss Structure OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements 179-80-70 W85-70382 482-53-47 W85-70602 906-63-30 W85-70566 Crystal Growth Research SPACE EXPLORATION Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning 179-60-70 W85-70383 Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics System Technology Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 506-51-11 W85-70127 906-60-14 W85-70589 482-64-41 W85-70633 Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the SPACE OBSERVATIONS (FROM EARTH) SPACE RENDEZVOUS Boundary Scarp International Halley Watch Large Scale Systems Technology Control and 151-02-50 W85-70294 156-02-02 W85-70327 Guidance X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Ground-Based Obsanlations of the Sun 506-57-19 W85-70188 157-03-50 W85-70335 188-38-52 W85-70384 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Design and Analysis 157-04-60 W85-70342 188-38-52 W85-70385 906-54-61 W85-70560 Detection of Other Planetary Systems Detection of Other Planetary Systems Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation 196-41-68 W85-70407 196-41-68 W85-70407 482-53-67 W85-70605 Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base SPACE PLASMAS SPACE SHUTTLE BOOSTERS and Manned GEO Objectives Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems Interagency Assistance and Testing 906*63-06 W85-70565 Plasmas 505-43-31 W85-70075 SPACE FLIGHT 441-06-0 t W85-70453 SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE Electric Propulsion Technology Space Plasma Laboratory Research Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology 506-55-22 W85-70167 442-20-01 W85-70454 506-60-19 W85-70211 Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine Astronomy 442-20-02 W85-70458 Technology 157-05-50 W85-70344 Space Plasma SRT 525-02-12 W85-70249 PACE Flight Experiments 442-36-55 W85-70459 Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 179-00-00 W85-70366 Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Technology Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research 442-36-55 W85-70460 526-02-19 W85-70250 188-46-57 W85-70397 Theoretical Space Plasma Physics SPACE SHU'n'LE ORBITERS Data Base Development 442-36-55 W85-70462 Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) 199-70-52 W85-70443 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics 506-63-32 W85-70227 Plant Research Facilities Experiments Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 199-80-72 W85-70446 445-11-36 W85-70465 506-63-34 W85-70228 Ames Research Center Initiatives SPACE PLATFORMS Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer 199-90-72 W85-70448 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology (SUMS) Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA 506-54-23 W85-70156 506-63-37 W85-70230 Networks Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) 310-20-46 W85-70545 Techniques Experiment Development SPACE FLIGHT FEEDING 506-57-t 5 W85-70187 506-63-43 W85-70233 Avanced Life Support Large Scale Systems Technology Control and Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 199-61-31 W85-70440 Guidance 542-03-54 W86-70259 SPACE FLIGHT STRESS 506-57-19 W85-70188 Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation Cardiovascular Physiology Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion 482-53-57 W85-70605 199-21 -t 2 W85-70410 Requirements SPACE SHUTTLE PAYLOADS Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and 506-64-12 W85-70235 Space Vellicle Dynamics Methodology Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 506-53-55 W85-70148 199-21-51 W85-7041 t Support Spacecraft Controls and Guidance Neurophysiology 506-64-31 W85-70246 506-57-13 W85-70186 199-22-22 W85-70412 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) SPACE LABORATORIES Experiment) 506-62-42 W85-70220 Large Primate Facility 542-03-43 W85-70255 Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) 199-60-62 W85-70445 Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Experiment (Transportation Technology Vedfication--OEX SPACE MAINTENANCE 542-03-44 W85-70256 Program) Automation Systems Research Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition 506-63-36 W85-70229 506-54-63 W85-70164 Studies Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and 188-46-56 W85-70394 506-63-44 W85-70234 Robotics Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 506-54-65 W85-70165 Networks 542-03-64 W85-70259 Space Station Operations Technology 310-20-46 W85-70545 Long Duration Exposure Facility 506-64-27 W85-70244 Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 542-04-13 W85-70260 Satellite Servicing Program Plan and Manned GEO Objectives Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 906-75-50 W85-70584 906-63-06 W85-70565 676-30-05 W85-70493 Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment Advanced H/O Technology Geopotential Research Mission (GRM) Studies 906-90-22 W86-70591 482-60-22 W85-70626 676-59-10 W85-70494 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) SPACE POWER REACTORS Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment 482-64-30 W85-70630 Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems (SADE) SPACE MANUFACTURING Evaluation 906-55-10 W85-70562 Automation Systems Research 506-53-31 W85-70139 Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility 506-54-63 W85-70164 SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems (STARFAC) Microgravity Science and Application Support 506-55-62 W85-70174 906-70-16 W85-70575 179-40-62 W85-70376 SPACE PROBES Geostationary Platforms SPACE MISSIONS Gravity Probe-B 906-90-03 W85-70590 Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 188-78-41 W85-70402 Multifunctional Smart End Effector 506-62-25 W85-70218 SPACE PROCESSING 482-52-25 W85-70594 Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop Deployable Truss Structure Technology Dynamics Module 482-53-47 W85-70602 506-62-26 W85-70219 542-03-01 W85-7025t SPACE SHUTTLES Simulation Facilities Operations Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 159-41-03 W85-70348 179-10-10 W85-70367 505-42-71 W85-70065 Containerless Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 506-51-11 W85-70127 906-80-11 W85-70587 Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 179-20-55 W85-70371 506-51-14 W85-70129 482-64-41 W85-70633 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Information Data Systems (IDS) SPACE NAVIGATION 179-20-62 W85-70373 506-56-15 W85-70200 Fault Tolerant Systems Research Ground Experiment Operations Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for 505-34-13 W85-70030 179-33-00 W85-70374 Space Vehicles Attitude/Orbit Technology MPS AR & DA Support 506-58-17 W85-70202 310-10-26 W85-70536 179-40-62 W85-70375 Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Radio Metric Technology Development Microgravity Science and Application Support Transportation Systems 310-10-60 W85-70538 179-40-62 W85-70376 506-63-23 W85-70223

1-48 SUBJECT INDEX SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Space Station Customer Data System Focused 506-63-31 W85-70226 Experiment) Technology 542-03-43 W85.70255 482-58.16 W85-7062t OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 506-63-39 W85-70231 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Space Communications Technology/Antenna 179-20-62 W85-70373 Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) Volumetric Analysis 506-63-40 W85-70232 Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition 482-69-23 W85-70624 Studies Space Station Communication and Tracking Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 188-46-56 W85-70394 506-63-44 W65-70234 Technology Crew Health Maintenance 482-59-27 W85-70625 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop t 96-11-11 W85-70408 Oynamics Module Advanced H/O Technology Radiobioiogy 482-60-22 W85-70626 542-03-01 W85-70251 199-22-71 W85-70417 Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion Spacsiab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Avanced Life Support 462-60-29 W85-70627 542-03-13 W85-70253 199-61-31 W85-70440 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs 542-03-44 W85-70256 906-54-62 W85-70561 Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 482-61-41 W85-70628 Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements 146-72-02 W85-70274 906-63-30 W85-70566 Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station Focused Technology Radiobiology SDV/Advanced Vehicles 482-61-47 W85-70629 199-22-71 W65-70417 906-65-04 W85-70572 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 482-64.30 W85-70630 676-30.05 W85-70493 Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 906-65.33 W85-70573 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 482-64o31 W85-70631 906-63-03 W85-70564 Transfer Focused Technology for Space Station Life Supp¢_ High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV 906-70-23 W85-70576 Systems Application Satellite Servicing Program Plan 482-64°37 W85.70632 906-63-37 W85-70568 906-75-50 W85-70564 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Weather Forecasting Expert System Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 482-64.-41 W85-70633 906-64-23 W85-70570 Applications SPACE STORAGE Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System 906-75-59 W85-70586 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 906-64-24 W86-70571 Resisto_et Technology Pr opeltant Storage Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture 482-50-22 W85-70592 506-64-25 W85-70242 Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data Human Behavior and Performance In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard 906-65-33 W85-70573 482-52-21 W85-70593 Support SPACE STATIONS Multifunctional Smart End Effector 506-64*26 W85-70243 462-52-25 W85-70594 Advanced Space Structures Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 506-53-43 W85-70143 Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital 506-64-29 W85-70245 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept Sorviciog Technology Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Development 482-52-29 W85-70595 906-63-03 W85-70564 506-53-49 W85-70145 Lubricant Coatings SPACE SUITS Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology 482-53-22 W85.70596 Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 506-53-55 W85-70148 Long Term Space Exposure Support Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology 482-53-23 W85-70597 506-64-31 W85-70246 506-53-57 W85-70149 Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Space Station Focused Technology EVA Far tR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Tubes for Structural Applications Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 506-54-21 W85.70154 482-53-25 W85-70598 482-61-41 W85-70628 Automated Subsystems Management Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station 506-54-67 W85-70166 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure Focused Technology 482-53-27 W85-70599 Spacecraft Controls and Guidance 482-61-47 W85.70629 506-57-13 W85.70186 Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable EVA Portable Life Support System Technok)gy) Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Materials 482-64-30 W85-70630 482-53-29 W85-70600 Techniques Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems 506-57-15 W85.70187 Erectable Space Structures 482-64-41 W85-70633 482-53-43 W85-7060t Large Scale Systems Technology Control and SPACE SURVEILLANCE ($PACEBORNE) Guidance Deployable Truss Concepts Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 506-57-19 W85.70188 482-53-49 W85-70603 906-58-61 W85-70563 Human Factors in Space Systems Ansiysis and Synthesis/Stele Model Study SPACE TOOLS 506-57-20 W85.70189 482-53-53 W85-70604 Satellite Servicing Program Plan Advanced Technologies tot" Spa_ceborne information Space Station Photovoltaic Er_rgy Conversion 906-75-50 W85-70584 Systems 482-65-42 W85-70606 Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 906-90-22 W85-70591 506-58-11 W85-70197 Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) 482-55-49 W85-70607 Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital Servicing Technology Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space Space Station Chemical Enmgy Conversion and Station 482-52-29 W65-70595 Storage SPACE TRANSPORTATION 506-58-12 W85-70198 482-55-52 W85.70608 Data Systems Research and Technology- Opboard Data Electric Propulsion Technology Space Station Thermai-TooElectric Conversion 506-55-22 W85-70167 Processing 482-55-62 W85.70609 506-58-13 W85-70199 Conceptual Characterization and Technology Information Data Systems (IDS) Automated Power System Control Assessment 482-55-72 W85-70610 506-56-15 W85-70200 506-63-29 W85-70225 Power System Control and Modelling Development ot a Magnetic Subbte MemonJ System for Space Transpor_at_n System (STS) Propel_nt 482-55-75 W85-70611 Space Vehicles Scavenging Study 506-56.17 W85-70202 Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development 906.63-33 W85-70567 Onboard Propulsion Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 506-60-22 W85-70212 482-65-77 W85-70612 Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Automated Power Management 506-51-13 W85-70128 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 482-55-79 W85-70613 Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems 506-64-13 W85-70236 Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition Evaluation Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology and Transport for Space Station Users 506-53-31 W85-70139 506-64-15 W85-70238 482-55-66 W85-70614 Thermal Structures 506-53-33 W85-70140 Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space Study Station Large Scale Systems Technology Control and Guidance 506-64-17 W85-70239 482-56-87 W85-70615 Space Systems Analysis 506-57-19 W85-70188 Manned Module Thermal Management System 506-64-19 W85-70240 Techr,.o[ogy Requirements for Advanced Space 482.56-89 W85-70616 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic Transportation Systems Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control Propellant Storage 506-63-23 W86-70223 506-64-25 W85-70242 Systms Analysis Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition 482-57-13 W85-70617 Space Station Operations Technology 506-63-24 W85-70224 506-64-27 W85.70244 Advanced Contrels and Guidance Concepts OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support 482.57-39 W85-70618 Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 506-63-31 W85-70226 Support Extended Network Analysis Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) 506-64-31 W85-70246 482-66-11 W85-70619 Experiment (Transportation TechnolOgy Varification--OEX Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Space Data Technology Program) 506-64-37 W85-70247 482.58-13 W85-70620 506-63-36 W85-70229

1-49 SUBJECTINDEX SPACEBORNE ASTRONOMY

Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory Giotto Halley Modelling 156-03-01 W85-70328 542-03-06 W85-70252 Filings 643-10-02 W85-70468 Avanced Life Support Long Duration Exposure Facility 199-61-31 W85-70440 542-04-13 W85-70280 Optical Communications Technology Development Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 310-20-67 W85-70549 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements for Data and Functional Interfaces) and Manned GEO Objectives Geostationary Platforms 906-63-06 W85-70565 906-90-03 W85-70590 199-61-41 W85-70441 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Space Communications Technology/Antenna Interdisciplinary Research 199-90-71 W85-70447 906-63-30 W85-70566 Volumetric Analysis Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study 482-59-23 W85-70624 New Application Concepts and Studies 643-10-02 W85-70469 906-63-39 W85-70569 Space Station Communication and Tracking Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Satellite Servicing Program Plan Technology 906-75-50 W85-70584 482-59-27 W85-70625 906-63-03 W85-70564 SDV/Advanced Vehicles SPACEBORNE ASTRONOMY SPACECRAFT COMPONENTS 906-65-04 W85-70572 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 506-53-45 W85-70144 323-51-05 W85-70263 Tether Applications in Space 906-70-00 W85-70574 Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) SPACECRAFT CONFIGURATIONS Orbital Debris 159-41-03 W85-70348 Computational and Experimental Aerothermndynamics 906-75-22 W85-70581 Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 506-51-11 W85-70127 Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning 159-46-01 W85-70349 Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) lot System Technology Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Astronomy Applications 186-38-52 W85-70385 159-41-01 W85-70346 906-80-14 W85-70589 Erectable Space Structures Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Space Station Control and Guidance?lntograteq Control 482-53-43 W85-70601 Astrophysics) Systms Analysis 879-11-46 W85-70534 482-57-13 W85-70617 Power System Control and Modelling 482-55-75 W85-70611 $PACEBORNE EXPERIMENTS SPACECRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Space Station Communication and Tracking Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Materials Science-NDE and Tdbology 542-03-44 W85-70256 506-53-12 W85-70134 Technology 482-59-27 W85-70625 Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base SPACECRAFT DOCKING (Temp A) 323-51-05 W85-70263 542-03-53 W85-70258 Long Term Space Exposure Large Scale Systems Technology Control and The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites 482-53-23 W85-70597 Guidance 506-57-19 W85-70188 151-02-60 W85-70297 Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure Space Station Operations Technology 151-05-80 W85-70300 482-53-27 W85.70599 506-64-27 W85-70244 International Halley Watch Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements 156-02-02 W85-70327 Materials 906-63-30 W85-70566 Giotto Halley Modelling 482-63-29 W85-70600 Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle 906-75-00 W85-70579 156-03-01 W85-70328 Erectable Space Structures Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory 482-53-43 W85-70601 179-48-00 W85-70377 SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION 906-76-23 W86-70582 Reduced Gravity Combustion Science Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation 482-53-67 W85-70605 179-80-51 W85-70380 Materials Space Station Communication and Tracking Large Primate Facility 482-53-29 W85-70600 199-80-52 W85-70445 SPACECRAFT CONTROL Technology 482-59-27 W85-70625 Plant Research Facilities Applied Flight Control 199-80-72 W85-70446 505-34-01 W85-70027 SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTS Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology Automated Subsystems Management 879-11-41 W85-70533 506-53-55 W85-70148 506-54-67 W85-70166 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Automated Subsystems Management Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 506-63-44 W85-70234 Astrophysics) 506-54-67 W85-70166 879-11-46 W85-70534 Spacecraft Controls and Guidance Avanced Life Support 199-61-31 W85-70440 Geostationary Platforms 506-57-13 W85-70186 906-90-03 W85-70590 Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Large Pdmate Facility 199-80-52 W86-70445 SPACEBORNE TELESCOPES Techniques Plant Research Facilities Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space 506-57-15 W85-70187 199-80-72 W85-70446 506-53-41 W85-70142 Large Scale Systems Technology Control and Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large Guidance Interdisciplinary Research 199-90-71 W85-70447 Deployable Reflector 506-57-19 W85-70188 Ames Research Center Initiatives 506-62-21 W85-70215 Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition 199-90-72 W85-70448 Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 506-63-24 W85-70224 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology 159-46-01 W85.70349 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 482.-64-31 W85-70631 SPACECRAFT Experiment) Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 542-03-43 W85-70255 506-51-41 W85-70132 Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) Systems Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics 542-03-44 W85.70256 482-64-37 W85-70632 SPACECRAFT EQUIPMENT 506-53-40 W85-70141 Space Systems and Navigation Technology SPACECRAFT ANTENNAS 310-10-63 W85-70541 Avanced Life Support 199-61-31 W85-70440 Space Communications Technology/Antenna Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control SPACECRAFT GUIDANCE Volumetric Analysis Systms Analysis 482-59-23 W85-70624 482-67-13 W85-70617 Fault Tolerant Systems Research SPACECRAFT CABIN ATMOSPHERES SPACECRAFT DESIGN 505-34-13 W85-70030 Automated Subsystems Management Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamica Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical 506.54-67 W85.70166 506-51-11 W85-70127 Techniques 506-57-15 W85-70187 Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 506-64-37 W85-70247 506-51-13 W85-70128 Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition SPACECRAFT CABINS Aarobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield 506-63-24 W85-70224 Human Factors in Space Systems Technology Development Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 506-57-20 W85-70189 506-51-17 W85-70130 506-64-15 W85-70238 Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics Avanced Life Support Space Systems and Navigation Technology 199-61-31 W85-70440 506-53-40 W85-70141 31 6-10-63 W85.70541 Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large SPACECRAFT CHARGING Human-to-Mechine Interface Technology Space Structures Power Systems Management and Distribution - 310-40-37 W85-70554 506-53-53 W85-70147 Environmental Interactions Research and Technology Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support 506-55-75 W85-70178 Design and Analysis 506-63-31 W85-70226 SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATION 906-54-61 W85-70560 Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoperation and 506-63-44 W85.70234 Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control Robotics Systms Analysis Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for 506-54-65 W85-70165 482-57-13 W85-70617 Manned Orbiting Space Stations Satellite Communications Research and Technology 506-64-14 W85-70237 SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTS 506-58-22 W85-70205 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagoostics 506-51-14 W85-70129 Laser Communications Experiment) 506-56-26 W85-70208 542-03-43 W85-70255 Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies Long Duration Exposure Facility (SUMS) 643-10-01 W85-70466 542-04-13 W85-70260 506-63-37 W85-70230

1-50 SUBJECT INDEX SPECTRORADIOMETERS

High Resolution Acceierometer Package (HiRAP) Automated Power System Control SPANWISE BLOWING Experiment Development 482-55-72 W85-70610 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise 506.63-43 W85-70233 Power System Control and Modelling Gradient/B57-B In.Spsce Solid State Lidar Technology Experiment 482-55-75 W85-70611 505-45-10 W85-70084 542-03o51 W85-70257 Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development F-4C Spanwise Slowing Flight Investigations Advanced CCD Camera Development Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 533-02-31 W85-70113 157-01-70 W85-70334 482-55-77 W85-70612 Spanwise Blowing X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition SPACECRAFT PROPULSION 533-02-33 W85-70114 157-03-60 W85-70335 Electric Propulsion Systems Technology SPARK CHAMBERS Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer 506-55-25 W85-70168 Gamma Ray Astronomy (SEMPA) Development Systems Analysis-space Station Propulsion 157-03-70 W85-70336 Requirements 188-45-57 W85-70396 Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer 506-64-12 W85-70235 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION 157-03-70 W85-70337 Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System Airborne IR Spectrometry In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary (lAPS) 147-12-99 W85-70279 Magnetic Fields 542-05-12 W85-70261 Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland 157-03-70 W85-70338 SPACECRAFT RADIATORS Ecosystems Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems 199-30-28 W85-70420 Multispectral Radar Mapper/Sounder 506-55-87 W85-70184 Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research 157-03-70 W85-70339 Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space Project IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) Station 667-60-16 W85-70479 157-03.70 W85-70340 482-56-87 W85-70615 Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research SPACECRAFT LANDING Manned Module Thermal Management System 677-26-02 W85-70500 Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) 482-56-89 W85-70616 Regional Crust Deformation 506-63-40 W85-70232 SPACECRAFT REENTRY 692-61-01 W85-70527 Weather Forecasting Expert System Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition SPATIAL RESOLUTION 906-64.23 W85-70570 506-63-24 W85-70224 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) 152-15-40 W85-70307 Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 506-63-32 W85.70227 Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 906-63-03 W85-70564 Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 879-11-41 W85-70533 Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study 506-63-34 W85.70228 906-63-39 W85-70569 Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer SPECIFIC HEAT Weather Forecasting Expert System (SUMS) Containerless Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 906-64-23 W85-70570 506-63-37 W85-70230 Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 906-64-24 W85-70571 Experiment Development 179-20-55 W85.70371 SPACECRAFT LUBRICATION 506-63-43 W85o70233 SPECIFICATIONS Lubricant Coatings SPACECRAFT SHIELDING Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance 482-53-22 W85-70596 Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition Program Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable 506-63-24 W85-70224 323-51-66 W85.70264 Materials Shuttle Infrared Lseside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) SPECTRAL BANDS 482-53-29 W85-70600 506-63-34 W85-70228 Microwave Pressure Sounder SPACECRAFT MAINTENANCE SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES 146-72-01 W85-70273 Automated Subsystems Management Hypervelocity Impact Resistance of Composite SPECTRAL EMISSION 506-54-67 W85-70166 Materials TIMS Data Analysis Satellite Servicing Program Plan 506-53-27 W85-70138 677-41-03 W85-70506 906-75-50 W85-70584 Deployable Truss Concepts Arid Lands Geobotany Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 482.53-49 W85-70603 677-42-09 W85-70512 Applications SPACECRAFT TRACKING SPECTRAL LINE WIDTH 906-75-59 W85-70586 FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Infrared Laboratory Sopectroscopy in Support of Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 542-03-14 W85-70254 Stratospheric Measurements 906-90.22 W85-70591 Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 147.23.08 W85-70287 Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable Using the DSN SPECTRAL METHODS MateRais 188-41-22 W85-70390 Passwe Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids 482-53-29 W85-70600 Space Communications Technology/Antenna Using the VLA Deployable Truss Concepts Volumetric Analysis 196-41-51 W85-70404 482-53-49 W85-70603 482-69-23 W85-70624 SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE SPACECRAFT MANEUVERS SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORIES TIMS Data Analysis Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Very Long Baseline Intederometry (VLBI) Tracking of 677-41-03 W85-70506 Techniques 506-57-15 W85-70187 the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) SPECTRAL RESOLUTION 310-20-39 W85-70544 Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition 506-63-24 W85.70224 SPACECREWS 146-72-02 W85-70274 Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation Human Engineering Methods Infrared Laboratory Sopectrossopy in Support of 482-53-57 W85-70605 505-35-33 W85-70040 Stratospheric Measurements SPACECRAFT ORBITS Automated Subsystems Management 147-23-08 W85-70287 Computational and Experimental Aerothermodynamics 506.54-67 W85-70166 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 506-51-11 W85-70127 Crew Health Maintenance Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination SPACECRAFT PERFORMANCE 199-11-11 W85-70408 385-38-01 W85-70451 Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeechemicel Cycling Design for Data and Functional Interfaces) 677-25-99 W85-70498 506-62-23 W85-70217 199-61-41 W85-70441 SPECTRAL SIGNATURES SPACECRAFT POWER SUPPLIES Ames Research Center Initiatives Multispectral Analysis of Ultramaflc Terranes Multi-kW Solar Arrays 199-90-72 W85-70448 677-41-29 W85-70510 506-55-49 W85-70171 Human Behavior and Pedorrnance Arid Lands Geebotany Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 482-52-21 W85-70593 677-42-09 W85-70512 506-55-52 W85-70172 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology SPECTROHEUOGRAPHS Advanced Electrochemical Systems 482-64-31 W85-70631 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 506-55-55 W85-70173 SPACELAB 188-38-52 W85-70384 Power Systern_-Management and Distribution Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition SPECTROMETERS 506-55-72 W85-70176 Studies Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution 188-46-56 W85-70394 188-41-55 W85-70393 506-55-73 W85-70177 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Power Systems Management and Distribution - Facility Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination Environmental Interactions Research and Tochnology 188-78-38 W85-70400 385-38-01 W85-70451 506-55-75 W85-70178 Extended Data Analysis Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Advanced Power System Technology 677-47-07 W85-70515 506-55-76 W85-70179 199-70-41 W85-70442 SPECTROPHOTOMETERS Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems Large Primate Facility Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 506-55-79 W85-70180 199-80-52 W85-70445 677-41 -13 W85-70508 Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems SPACELAB PAYLOADS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY 506-55-87 W85-70184 Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop Planetary Materials: Chemistry Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Dynamics Module 152-13-40 W85-70304 482-55-42 W85-70606 542-03-01 W85-70251 SPECTRORADIOMETERS Space Station Thermal-To-Electric Conversion Spacelab 2 Supartluid Helium Experiment Soil Delineation 482-65-62 W85-70609 542-03-13 W85-70253 677-26-01 W85-70499

1-51 SPECTROSCOPY SUBJECT INDEX

SPECTROSCOPY STATIC TESTS Aerosol Formation Models Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Low.Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 672-31-99 W85-70483 Research and Technology 505-42-61 W85-70066 ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research 506-54-15 W85-70153 STATIONKEEPING 672-50-99 W85-70485 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed 506-64-23 W85-70156 906-70-29 W85-70577 Temperatures Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 673-41-12 W85-70486 157-04-80 W88-70342 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport Astrophysical CCD Development Gradient/B57-B 673-41-13 W85-70487 188-78-60 W85-70403 505-45-10 W85-70084 Mesospheric-Stretospheric Waves Terrestnal Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and 673-61-02 W85-70488 677-25-99 W85-70498 Measurement Considerations Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphita-Epoxy 677-62-02 W85-70519 673-61-07 W85-70489 Tubes for Structural Applications STEADY FLOW Stratospheric Dynamics 482-53-25 W85-70598 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid 673-61-99 W85-70490 SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Dynamics STRESS (PHYSIOLOGY) A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties 505-31-01 W85-70001 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and and Evolution of Presolar Grains STEERING Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 152-12-40 W85-70303 Aircraft Landing Dynamics 199-21-51 W85-70411 Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of 505-45-14 W85-70087 STRESS (PSYCHOLOGY) Centimethc Waves in the Ocean STELLAR ENVELOPES Psychology 161-60-37 W85-70360 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protosteltar 199-22-62 W85-70416 Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub Disks STRESS ANALYSIS 0 151-02-60 W85-70296 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 188.38-52 W85-70386 STELLAR EVOLUTION Effects in Metals and Composites Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei 505-33-21 W85-70018 677-41-07 W85-70507 The Interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds Regional Crust Deformation Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 188-41-53 W85-70392 692-61-01 W85-70527 677-42-04 W85-70511 STELLAR MASS EJECTION Regional Crustal Dynamics Add Lands Geobetany Coronal Data Analysis 692-61-02 W85-70528 677-42-09 W85-70512 385-38-01 W85-70450 STRESSES SPEECH STEPPES Regional Crust Deformation Thin-Routa User Terminal Long Term Applications Research 692-61-01 W85-70527 646-41-03 W85-70472 668-37-99 W85-70481 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SPICULES Shortgress Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research Mathematics for Engineering and Science Laboratory and Theory 677-26-02 W85-70500 505-31-83 W85-70015 188-38-53 W85-70387 STOCHASTIC PROCESSES Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for SPLINE FUNCTIONS Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Aeronautics Engineering Data Management and Graphics Background 505-33-10 W85-70016 505-37-23 W85-70052 188-41-22 W85-70388 Advanced Stroctural Alloys Geopotantial Fields (Magnetic) STORAGE BATTERIES 505-33-13 W85-70017 676-20-01 W85-70491 Advanced Electrochemical Systems Life Prediction for Structural Materials Mathematical Pattem Recognition and Image Analysis 506-55-55 W85-70173 505-33-23 W85-70019 677-50-52 W85-70516 STORAGE TANKS Flight Load Analysis STABILITY Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite 505-33-41 W85-70022 Control Theory and Analysis Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics 505-34-03 W85-70028 506-53-15 W85-70135 505-33-53 W85-70024 Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating 505-43-13 W85-70073 506-62-42 W85-70220 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Agronomy: Chemistry In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard Materials Technology 154-75-80 W85-70319 Support 505-43-43 W85-70077 STABILITY DERIVATIVES 506-64-26 W85-70243 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics SDV/Advanced Vehicles Project 505-43-11 W85-70072 906-65-04 W85-70572 533-04-12 W85-70121 STABILITY TESTS STRATA Transport Composite Primary Structures Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Multispectrai Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 534-06-13 W85-70123 482-57-39 W85-70618 677-41-24 W85-70509 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept STANDARDIZATION STRATIFICATION Development Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical 506-53-49 W85-70145 Synthesis Methods - Research in Wetlands Structural Analysis and Synthesis 506-53-69 W85-70150 199-30-35 W85-70422 506-63-51 W85-70146 STANDARDS Ecologically-Orientad Stratification Scheme Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large 677-27-01 W85-70501 Space Structures Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: STRATIGRAPHY 506-53-63 W85-70147 Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis 323-51-03 W85-70262 PtanetaryGeology Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and 151-01-20 W85-70291 Synthesis Methods Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 506-53-59 W85-70150 NASA Equipment Management System 677-41-24 W85-70509 Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 323-62-60 W85-70266 STRATOSPHERE 506-62-45 W85-70222 GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics In-Situ Measurements ol Stratospheric Ozone Software Engineering Technology Studies 147-11-05 W85-70277 310-10-23 W85-70535 692-59-45 W85-70526 Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Frequency and Timing Research 147-11-07 W85-70278 System Technology 310-10-62 W85.70540 Airborne IR Spectrometry 906-60-14 W85-70589 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 147-12-99 W85-70279 Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control 906-80-11 W85-70587 Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Systms Analysis Data Systems Information Technology for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange 482-57-13 W85-70617 482-68-17 W85-70622 Experiments STRUCTURAL BASINS STAR CLUSTERS 147-14-07 W85-70280 MuItispectrai Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protostellar Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements 677-41-24 W85-70509 Disks 147-16-01 W85-70282 STRUCTURAL DESIGN 151-02-60 W85-70296 Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating STARS 147-21-03 W85-70283 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere Materials Technology 199-50-62 W85-70437 147-22-01 W85-70285 505-43-43 W85-70077 STATIC CHARACTERISTICS Infrared Laboratory Sepectroecopy in Support of Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Stratospheric Measurements 533-05-12 W85-70122 147-23-08 W85-70287 505-43-11 W85-70072 Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics STATIC ELECTRICITY Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere 506-53-40 W85-70141 Space Station Focused Technology EVA 147-23-99 W85-70288 Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems Data Survey and Evaluation 506-60-49 W85-70214 482-61-41 W85-70628 147-51-02 W85-70289 Microgrevity Science Definition for Space Station STATIC STABILITY Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 179-20-62 W85-70373 V/STOL Fighter Technology Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination Deployable Truss Concepts 505-43-03 W85-70071 385-38-01 W85-70451 482-63-49 W85-70603

1-52 SUBJECT INDEX SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

Space Station Control and Guidance?lntagrated Control SUNSPOTS SURFACE REACTIONS Systms Analysis Laboratory and Theory Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 482-57-13 W85.70617 f 88-38-53 W85-70387 Effects in Metals and Composites STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 505.33-21 W85.70018 Rotorcraft Aeromechenics and Performance Research Interdisciplinary Technology - Fund for Independent Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield and Technology Research (Space) Technology Development 505-42-11 W85.70060 506-90-21 W85-70248 506-51-17 W85-70130 Roforcraft Guidance and Navigation Precision Time and Frequency Sources Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics 505.42-41 W85.70062 310-10-42 W85-70537 Research and Technology RSRA Flight Research/Rotors SUPERCONDUCTORS 506-64-15 W85.70153 505-42-51 W85.70063 Sensor Research and Technotogy SURFACE ROUGHNESS Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual 506-54-25 W85-70157 Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research Design Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer 505.31-15 W85.70006 506-62-23 W85.70217 676-59-33 W65-70495 Soil Delineation Tether Applications in Space SUPERCRITICAL WINOS 677-26-01 W85-70499 906.70-00 W85-70574 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAn STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES (GEOLOGY) 505-43-23 W85.70074 Images "rIMS Data Analysis Laminar Flow Integration 677-46-02 W85-70513 677-41-03 W85.70506 605-45-63 W85.70100 SURFACE ROUGHNESS EFFECTS Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support SUPERFLUIDITY Aerothermal Loads 692-61-03 W85.70529 Superfluid Helium On-Oribt Transfer Demonstration 506-51-23 W85-70131 Lithospheric Investigations Program Support 542-03-06 W85.70252 SURFACE TEMPERATURE 693-61-03 W85-70532 Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development STRUCTURAL STABILITY 542-03-13 W85-70253 157-04-60 W85-70342 Loads and Aeroelasticity SUPERHIGH FREQUENCIES Sea Surface Temperatures 505.33-43 W85.70023 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 161-30-03 W85-70353 Propulsion Materials Technology Technoiogy Microwave Remote Sensing o! Oceanographic 505.33-62 W85-70025 506-58-25 W85-70207 Parameters STRUCTURAL VIBRATION Frequency and Timing Research 161-40-03 W85-70354 Advanced Turboprop Technoiogy (SRT) 310-10-62 W85-70540 Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support 505°45.58 W85-70098 Radio Systems Development t 61-50-03 W85-70357 Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise 319-20-66 W85.70546 Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 532-06-13 W85-70106 DSN Monitor and Control Technology 677-26-02 W85-70500 Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 310-20-68 W85.70550 SURVIVAL 506-63-44 W85.70234 SUPERPLASTICITY Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems STRUCTURAL WEIGHT Advanced Structural Alloys (EPAMS) High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating 505.33-13 W85-70017 323.53-50 W85-70268 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT SWEPT FORWARD WINGS Materials Technology Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 505-43-43 W85.70077 505.31-23 W65.70008 533-02-61 W85-70119 SWEPT WINGS Transport Composite Primary Structures Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics 534-06-13 W85-70123 505-33-53 W85-70024 Laminar Flow Integration SUBMILLIMETER WAVES 505-45-63 W65-70100 Propulsion TechnolOgy for Hig-Performance Aircraft Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators SWITCHING 505-43-52 W85-70078 506-54-22 W85.70t 55 Frequency and Timing Research SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION RAMJET ENGINES Senser Research and Technciogy 310-10-62 W65-70540 506-54-25 W85.70157 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology SYMBOLIC PROGRAMMING 505-43-83 W85.70083 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Information Data Systems (IDS) SUPERSONIC FLIGHT and Lider Research and Technology 506-58-15 W85-70200 506-54-26 W85.70158 Oblique Wing Research Aircraft SYNCHRONOUS SATELLITES 533-62-91 W85-70120 Spacecraft Systems Analysis . Study of Large Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology Deployable Reflector SUPERSONIC FLOW 650-60-20 W85-70473 506-62-21 W85.70215 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics SYNTHESIS (CHEMISTRY) Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and 505-31-21 W85-70007 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound Submillimeter Astronomy SUPERSONIC SPEEDS Composites 159-41-01 W85.70347 Interagency and Indus_al Assistance and Testing 505-33-31 W85-70020 Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy 505-43-33 W85-70076 Composites for Airframe Structures 188-41-55 W85.70393 SUPERSONIC WIND TUNNELS 505-33-33 W85-70021 SUBSONIC AIRCRAFT Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in WsCland Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration 505-40-74 W85.70058 Ecosystems 505.45-43 W85-70096 199-30-26 W85-70420 High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations SUBSONIC FLOW 505-43-61 W85.70080 SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics SUPPLYING Information Data Systems (ID$) 505-31-21 W85-70007 506-58-15 W85-70200 ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs SUBSONIC SPEED 906-54-62 W65.70561 ERS-1 Phase B Study Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 161-40-11 W85-70355 SUPPORT SYSTEMS Integration Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 505-45-41 W85-70095 Wallops Flight Facility Research Airpod 677-27-02 W85-70502 505-45-36 W65.70094 SUBSTRATES Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrldn Space Plasma Laboratory Research 677-27-04 W85-70504 677-42-04 W85-70511 442-20-01 W85-70454 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Systems Engineenng and Management Technology Images Space Matedals: Long Term Space Exposure 310-40-49 W85.70557 677-46-02 W85.70513 482.53-27 W85.70599 SURFACE GEOMETRY Airborne Radar Research SULFUR Aerothermai Loads 677-47-03 W65-70514 Aeronomy: Chemistry 506-51-23 W85-70131 Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations 154-75-80 W85-70319 SURFACE PROPERTIES 677-47-07 W85-70515 Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Erwironmental SYNTHETIC ARRAYS 199-30-22 W85.70419 Effects in Metals and Composites Antenna Systems Development Terrestrial Biology 505-33-21 W85.70018 310-20-65 W85-70547 199-30-32 W85-70421 SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry Eady Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 506-53-11 W85.70133 Advanced Turboprop Technology 199-50-16 W85.70431 535-03-12 W85.70125 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development SUN Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System 506-53-45 W85-70144 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Design and Analysis 159-38-01 W85-70345 Space Technology Experiments-Development of the 906-54-61 W85.70560 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Manned Module Thermal Management System 506-62-43 W85-70221 188-38-52 W85.70384 482-56-89 W85.70616 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites SYSTEMS 151.05-80 W65-70300 188-38-52 W85.70385 Manned Control of Remote Operations Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub Passive Microwave Remote Sens_ 9 of the Asteroids 506-57-23 W85.70191 0 Using the VLA OEX (Orbiter Expenments) Project Support 188-38-52 W85-70386 196-41-51 W65.70404 506-63-31 W85-70226 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Planetary Astroru3my and Supporting Laboratory SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination Research Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement 385-38-01 W85.70451 t 96-41-67 W65.70406 505-34.31 W85.70033

1-53 SYSTEMS COMPATIBILITY SUBJECT INDEX

Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 505-40-84 W85-70059 Scientific Instruments and Manned GEO Objectives Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large 505-55-86 W85-70183 906-63-06 W85-70565 Deployable Reflector Onboard Propulsion OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements 506-62.21 W85-70215 506-60-22 W85-70212 906-63-30 W85-70566 Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual Geostationary Platforms 506-62-22 W85-70216 Design 906-90-03 W85-70590 Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual 506-62-23 W85-70217 TECHNOLOGIES Design OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 505-43-23 W85-70074 506-62-23 W85.702t 7 506-63-3 t W85-70226 Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Transportation Systems Communications Laboratory for Transponder 505-43-81 W85-70082 506-63-23 W85-70223 Development Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for 650-60-23 W85-70476 Research (Space) Manned Orbiting Space Stations Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 506-90-21 W85-70248 506-64-13 W85.70236 906-55-61 W85-70563 Interdisciplinary Research Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for TMS DexterityEnhancement by Smart Hand 199-90-71 W85-70447 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 906-75-06 W85-70580 Ames Research Center Initiatives 506-64-14 W85-70237 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 199-90-72 W85-70448 Space Station Data System Analysis/Architectura 906-80-11 W85-70587 Experiments Coordination and Mission Support Study Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) 645-41-01 W85-70471 506-64-17 W85-70239 Development Work Station TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Space Systems Analysis 906-80-13 W85-70588 Test Methods and Instrumentation 506-64-19 W85-70240 Multifunctional Smart End Effector 505-31-51 W85-70011 New Application Concepts and Studies 482-52-25 W85-70594 Flight Load Analysis 643-10-02 W85.70469 Power System Control and Modelling 505-33-41 W85-70022 Advanced Studies 482.55-75 W85-70611 Advanced Controls and Guidance 650-60-26 W85-70477 505-34-11 W85-70029 GPS Positioning of a Madne Bouy for Plate Dynamics Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Studies 482-57-39 W85-70618 505-35-11 W85-70036 692-59-45 W85.70526 Space Station Customer Data System Focused Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Very Long Baseline Intsrferometry (VLBI) Tracking of Technology 505-35-21 W85-70042 the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) 482-58-16 W85-7062 t Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology 310-20-39 W85-70544 Data Systems Information Technology 505-43-81 W85-70082 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System 482-58-17 W85-70622 Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Design and Analysis Platform Systems/Life Support Technology 506-53-4 t W85-70142 906-54-61 W85-70560 482-64-31 W85-70631 Sensor Research and Technology Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 506.54-25 W85-70157 and Manned GEO Objectives Central Computer Facility Automation Technology for Planning, Teleoporation and 906-63-06 W85-70565 505-37-41 W85-70053 Robotics Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and 506-54-65 W85.70165 Applications Advanced Electrochemical Systems 906-75-59 W85-70586 T 506.55-55 w85-70173 Automated Software (Analysis/Export Systems) Advanced Power System Technology Development Work Station 1"-38 AIRCRAFT 506-55-76 W85-70179 906-80-13 W85-70588 Flight Support Onpoard Propulsion SYSTEMS COMPATIBILITY 505-43-71 W85-70081 506-60-22 W85-70212 Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for TAKEOFF Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology Space Vehicles High-Spoed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 506-62-22 W85-70216 506-55-17 W85-70202 505-43-23 W85-70074 Conceptual Characterization and Technology Giotto Ephemeris Support Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shser Detection Assessment 156-03-02 W85-70329 505-45-18 W85-70089 506-63-29 W85-70225 New Application Concepts and Studies Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion 643-10-02 W85-70469 Research Program/YAV-8B Requirements SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 533-02-51 W85-70116 506-64-12 W85-70235 RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation TAPE RECORDERS Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 532-09-10 W85-70107 Airborne Radar Research Propellant Storage Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems 677-47-03 W85-70514 506-64-25 W85-70242 Technology TASK COMPLEXITY In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard 506-62-26 W85-70219 . Piloted Simulation Technology Support Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology 505-35-31 W85-70039 506-64-26 W85-70243 506-64-15 W85-70238 The Human Role in Space (THURIS) Space Station Operations Technology Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture 906-54-40 W85-70559 506-64-27 W85.70244 Study Satellite Servicing Program Plan Telecperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 506-64-17 W85-70239 906-75-50 W85-70584 506-64-29 W85-70245 Space Station Operations Technology TASKS High-Pressure Oxygen.Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine 506-64-27 W85-70244 Piloted Simulation Technology Technology GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 505-35-31 W85-70039 525-02-12 W85-70249 Studies TDR SATELLITES Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 692-59-45 W85-70526 Precision Time and Frequency Sources 542-03.54 W85-70259 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA 310-10-42 W85.70537 Lunar Base Power System Evaluation Networks Space Systems and Navigation Technology 323-54-01 W85-70270 310-20-46 W85-70545 310-10-63 W85-70541 Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Network Systems Technology Development Submillimetar Astronomy 310-40-37 W85-70554 310-20-33 W85-70542 159-41-01 W85-70347 Systems Engineering and Management Technology Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial 310-40-49 W85-70557 the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Landforms Multifunotional Smart End Effector 3 t0-20-39 W85-70544 677-80-27 W85-70523 482-52-25 W85-70594 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs SYSTEMS INTEGRATION Networks 906-54-62 W85-70561 Fault Tolerant Systems Research 310-20-46 W85-70545 Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 505-34-13 W85-70030 Operations Support Computing Technology 906-63-03 W85-70564 Advanced Transport Operating Systems 310-40-26 W85-70553 Satellite Servicing Program Plan 505-45-33 W85-70093 TEA LASERS 906-75-50 W85-70584 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics Wind Measurement Assessment Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Integration 146-72-04 W85-70275 System Technology 505-45-41 W85-70095 TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING 90680-14 W85-70589 Rotorcraft Systems Integration Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Geostationary Platforms 532-06-11 W85-70105 Processing Systems 906-90-03 W85-70590 Advanced Space Structures 505-37-01 W85-70049 Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 506-53-43 W85.70143 Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology 906-90-22 W85-70591 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept 506-62-22 W85-70216 Space Data Technology Development Astrophysical CCD Development 482-58-13 W85-70620 506-53-49 W85-70145 188.78-60 W85-70403 Space Station Customer Data System Focused Electric Propulsion Systems Technology Advanced Studies Technology 506-55-25 W85-70168 650-60-26 W85-70477 482-58-16 W85-70621

1-54 SUBJECT INDEX THEMATIC MAPPING

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Multifunctionsi Smart End Effector Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid 482-52-25 W85-70594 for Support of Stratospherio/Troposphedc Exchange Dynamics TELESCOPES Experiments 505-31-01 W85-70001 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SIX)) 147-14-07 W85-70280 Advanced Tilt Rotor Reaeerch and JVX Program 159-38-01 W85-70345 Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Supp_ Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy 154-40-80 W85-70316 532-09-11 W85-70108 188-41-55 W85-70393 TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION Advanced Concepts tor Image-Based Expert Systems Gamma Ray Astronomy Airborne IR Spectrometry 506-54-61 W85-70163 188-46-57 W85-70396 147-12-99 W85-70279 Life in the Universe Advanced Power System Technology Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland 506-55-78 W85-70179 199-50.52 W85-70436 Ecosystems Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) 199-30-26 W85-70420 199-50-62 W85-70437 Technology Shortgress Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 506-62-26 W85-70219 TELEVISION EQUIPMENT 677-26-02 W85-70500 MPS AR & DA Support Telepmsenca Work Station Regional Crust Deformation 179-40-62 W85-70375 906-75-41 W85-70583 682-61-01 W55-70527 Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) Space Stetiort Communication and Tr=cking Frequency and Timing Research 656-42-01 W85-70478 Technology 310-10-62 W85-70540 TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION 482-59-27 W85-70625 TENSORS TEMPERATURE Flight Support Gravity Grediometar Program 505-43-71 W85-'I0081 Atmospheric Photochemistry 676-59-55 W85-70496 147-22-02 W85-70286 Advanced Power System Technology TERMINAL CONFIGURED VEHICLE PROGRAM 506-55-76 W85-70179 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land Advanced Transport Operating Systems Advanced Eerth Qrbitel Spacamaft Systems Cover Types 505-45-33 W85-70093 Technology 677-53-01 W85-70517 TERMINALS 506-62-26 W85-70219 TEMPERATURE CONTROL Thin-Route User Terminal New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory Then_id Managemect 646-41-03 W55-70472 506-55-82 W85-70182 Filings TERRAIN 643-10-02 W85-70468 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Scientific Instruments Software Enginendng Technology Boundary Scarp 310-10-23 W85-70535 506-55-86 W85-70183 151-02-50 W85-70294 Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment Thermal Management for On-Od0it Energy Systems Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous TarreJn 906-55-61 W85-70563 506-55-87 W85-70184 677-41-13 W85-70508 Tether Applications in Space Crystal Growth Process Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 906-70-00 W85-70574 179-8,O-70 W85-70382 677-42-04 W85-70511 Teiepmsence Work Station Long Term Space Exposure TERRAIN ANALYSIS 906-75-41 W85-70583 482-53-23 W85-70597 GeologiCal Remote Sensing in Mountainous Tewain Geesta0onory Ptaftorrns Therrnal Management Focused Technology for Space 677-41-13 W85-70508 906-90-03 W85-70590 Station TEST FACILITIES Space Date Techec4ogy 482.56-87 W85-70615 National Transonic Facility (NTF) 482-58-13 w85-70620 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE 505-31-63 W85-70014 TECTONICS Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere Interagency Assistance and Testing Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites 147-21-03 W85-70283 505-43-31 W85-70075 151-05-80 W85-70300 Quantitetive Infrared Specboecopy of Minor Facility Upgrade Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere 505-43-60 W85-70079 677-41-24 W85-70509 147-23-99 W85-70288 High-Speed W._d-Tunnet Operations Multispectral Analysis of Ultramafic Terrenes TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION 505-43-61 W85-70080 677-41-29 W85-70510 X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development Flight Support Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 188-45-59 W85-70399 505-43-71 W85-70081 692-05-05 W85-70524 Hyd_edy, Studies Thormo-G_edynamio Test Complex Opemtiens TEFLON (TRADEMARK) 196-41-54 W85-70405 506-51-41 W85-70132 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS Long Torm Space Exposure Airborne Reder Research 482-53-23 W85-70597 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 877-47-03 W85-70514 Spaca EnvimnmenteI Effects on Materkds and Ouralota Effects in Metals and Composites TEST STANDS Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 505-33-21 W85-70018 Aaronautios Propulsion Facilities Support 482-53-27 W85-70599 Materials Science-NDE and Tdbology 505-40-74 W85-70058 TELECOMMUNICATION 506-53-12 W85-70134 TETHERED SATELLITES Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Advanced Mognetometor 505-45-30 W85-70092 506-54-21 W85-70154 676-69-75 W85-70497 Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development OEX Thermal Protection Experiments Shuttle Tethered Aarothermodynamic Research Fec_Uty Program for Large Aperture Deploy:hie Reflectors 506-63-39 W85-70231 (STARFAC) 506-58-23 W85-70206 Planetary Materi_s: _tal Studies 906-70-16 W85-70575 New Application Concepts and StudJse 152-12-40 W85-70302 TETHERING 643-10-02 W85-70469 TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS Tether Applications in Space Advanced Studies Test Techniques 906-70-00 W85-70574 650-60-26 W85-70477 505-31-53 W85-70012 TETHERLINES Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA Aircraft Landing Dynamics Al_lication of Tether Technology to Fluid end Propellant Networks 505-45-14 W85-70087 Transfer 310-20-46 W85-70545 Remote Sensing of Almosphe_ Structures 906-70-23 W85-70576 TELEMETRY 154-40-80 W85-70316 Ele_io Tether:. Power/Thrust Generation Soundiog Rocket Experiments (High Energy TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS 906-70-29 W85-70577 Astrophys_s) Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave Electredynamio Tethor Meterials and Device 879-11-46 W85-70534 Red_netera Davetopmsnt Communication Systems Research 505-45-15 W85-70088 906-70-30 w85-70578 310-20-71 W85-70551 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT TEXTURES _i _o,_ Prong Shuttle Infrared Lseside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis ot SAR 31 0-30-70 W85-70552 506-63-34 W85-70228 Images 677-46-02 W85-70513 TELEOPERATORS Plenetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology Automation Systems Research 152-11-40 W85-70301 Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 677-50-52 W85-70516 506-54-63 W85-70164 VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis THEMATIC MAPPING Human Factors in Space Systems • 155-04-8O W85-70324 506-57-20 W85-70189 A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeorhemic_l Sea Surface Temperatures Space Human Factors Research in Wetlands 161-30-03 W85-70353 506-57-21 W85-70190 199-30-35 W85-70422 Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic Manned Control of Remote Operations Terrestrial Biology Parameters 506-57-23 W85-70191 199-30-36 W85-70423 161.40-03 W85-70354 Teleoperator Human Interface Technology Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 506-57-25 W85-70192 StratOspheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed 677-25-99 W85-70498 Tetaoperetor Human Factors Temperatures Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 506-57-29 W85-70195 673-41-12 W85-70486 677-26-02 W85-70500 On-Omit Operetions Modeling end Analy_s TEMPERATURE PROFILES Multistage inventory/sempfing Deign 506-.64-23 W85-70241 Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave 577-27-02 W85-70502 TMS Dextedty Enhancement by Smart Hand Radiometers Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 906-75-06 W85-70580 505-45-15 W85-70088 677-41-13 W85-70508 Tetapresence Work Station Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) Multispectral Analysis of Uitremafio Terranes 906-75-41 W85-70583 146-72-02 W85-70274 677-41-29 W85-70510

1-55 SUBJECT INDEX THEORETICAL PHYSICS

Geobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 506-63-39 W85-70231 677-42-04 W85-70511 Planetary Geology 151-01-20 W85-70291 TILT ROTOR AIRCRAFT Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Research Project THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program 677-60-17 W85-70518 Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology Support 532-09-11 W85-70108 THEORETICAL PHYSICS 506-55-65 W85-70175 TIMBER INVENTORY Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment Processing Systems 542-03-13 W85-70253 Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring 667-60-18 W85-70480 505-37-01 W85-70049 Planetary Materials: Chemistry High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation 152-13-40 W85-70304 Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 677-27-04 W85-70504 and Theoretical Studies Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and TIME CONSTANT 385-46-01 W85-70452 Cryo Storage THERMAL CONTROL COATINGS 906-75-52 W85-70585 Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer 676-59-33 W85.70495 Space Durable Materials THERMODYNAMICS TIME DEPENDENCE 506-53-23 W85-70136 Computational Flame Radiation Research Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry Technology Requirements for Advanced Space 505-31.41 W85-70010 188-41-53 W85-70391 Transportation Systems Space Durable Materials 506-63-23 W85-70223 506-53-23 W85-70136 Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Applications Long Term Space Exposure Teleoparator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 482-53-23 W85.70597 506-64.29 W85-70245 906-75-59 W85-70586 TIME DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Stratospheric Dynamics Satellite Communications Technology Tubes for Structural Applications 673-61-99 W85-70490 482-53-25 W85-70598 Advanced Magnetometer 310-20-38 W85-70543 TIME FUNCTIONS Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space 676-59-75 W85-70497 Station THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS X-Ray Astronomy 188-46-59 W85-70398 482-56-87 W85-70615 Thermal-To.Electric Energy Conversion Technology TIME OF FLIGHT SPECTROMETERS THERMAL DECOMPOSITION 506-55-65 W85-70175 Gamma-Ray Astronomy Planetary Geology THERMOELECTRIC POWER GENERATION 188-46-57 W85-70395 151-01-20 W85-70291 Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology TIME SERIES ANALYSIS THERMAL ENERGY 506-55-65 W85-70175 Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution THERMOMECHANICAL TREATMENT Spacelab 2 Superfiuid Helium Experiment 542-03-13 W85-70253 506-55-73 W85-70177 Advanced Str'uctural Alloys High Capacitance Thermal Transport System 505-33-13 W85-70017 Planetary Materials: Geochronology 506.55-89 W85-70185 THERMOPHYSlCAL PROPERTIES 152-14-40 W85-70306 THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS Crystal Growth Research Ocean Productivity 161-30-02 W85-70352 Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) 179-80-70 W85-70383 Experiment (Transportation Technology Verification--OEX THERMOPLASTIC RESINS Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches Program) Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Using the DSN 506-63-36 W85-70229 Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 188-41-22 W85-70390 TIME SHARING Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 506.53-15 W85-70135 506-63-44 W85-70234 THERMOREGULATION Computer Science Research Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) Biological Adaptation 506-54-56 W85-70161 542-03-54 W85.70259 199-40-32 W85-70428 TIME SIGNALS THERMAL FATIGUE THERMOSETTING RESINS Precision Time and Frequency Sources 310-10-42 W85-70537 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite 506.60-42 W85-70213 Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine TITAN THERMAL INSULATION 506-53-15 W85.70135 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 151-01-60 W86.70292 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic THIN FILMS Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Propellant Storage Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation 506-64-25 W85-70242 505-40.14 W85-70055 151-02-60 W85-70295 Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices THERMAL MAPPING Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 154-30-80 W85-70315 TIMS Data Analysis 506-55-42 W85-70169 677.41-03 W85.70506 THREE DIMENSIONAL BOUNDARY LAYER TITANIUM Remote Sensor System Research and Technology THERMAL PLASMAS Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research Space Plasma Data Analysis 505-31-15 W85-70006 506-54-23 W85-70156 442-20-01 W85-70457 THREE DIMENSIONAL FLOW TOLERANCES (MECHANICS) THERMAL PROTECTION Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Transport Composite Primary Structures 534-06-13 W85-70123 Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield Dynamics Technology Development 505-31-01 W85-70001 Space Technology Experiments-Development of the 506-51-17 W86-70130 Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Hoop/column Deployable Antenna 506-62-43 W85-70221 Aerothermal Loads 505-31-03 W85-70002 TOLLMEIN-SCHLICHTING WAVES 506-51-23 W85-70131 High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 505-43.11 W85-70072 Boundary-Layer Stability end Transition Research 505-31-15 W85-70006 506-51-41 W85-70132 Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls TOPEX Thermal Protection Systems Matadals and Systems 505-43-13 W85-70073 Research Mission Study - Topex Evaluation • Entry Vehicle Aerotharmodynamics 506-53-31 W85-70139 506-51-13 W85-70128 161-10-01 W85-70350 Thermal Structures THRUST Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 506-53-33 W85-70140 Resistojet Technology Development 161-10-03 W85-70351 OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 482-50-22 W85-70592 506-63-39 W85-70231 THRUST CHAMBERS TOPOGRAPHY Research Mission Study - Topex Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion life and Performance 161-10-01 W85-70350 482-64-41 W85.70633 Technology THERMAL RADIATION 50660-12 W85-70210 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Advanced HID Technology 677-27-01 W85-70501 Program 482-60-22 W85-70626 Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terresbial 323-51-66 W85-70264 THRUST VECTOR CONTROL Landforrns Multispectral Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes V/STOL Fighter Technology 677-60-27 W85-70523 677-41-29 W85-70510 505-43-03 W85-70071 Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support THERMAL STABILITY F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research 692-61-03 W85-70529 533-02-01 W85-70109 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound TOPOLOGY Composites High Angle-of.Attack Technology Lithospheric Investigations Program Support 505-33-31 W86.70020 533-02-03 W85-70110 693-61-03 W85-70532 THRUST-WEIGHT RATIO Space Durable Materials TORQUE CONVERTERS 506-53-23 W85-70136 High Thrust/Weight Technology Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (convertible Engine) 505-40-64 W85-70056 505-42-92 W85-70067 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development THUNDERSTORMS 506-53-45 W85-70144 TRACE CONTAMINANTS Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Structural Analysis and Synthesis 505-45-13 W85-70086 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling 673-61-07 W85-70489 506-53-51 W85-70146 TIDAL WAVES TRACE ELEMENTS THERMAL STRESSES GPS Positioning of a Marina Bouy for Plata Dynamics Aerothermal Loads Studies Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development 506-51-23 W85-70131 692-59-45 W85-70526 157-04-80 W85-70341 THERMAL VACUUM TESTS TILES Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Large Depicyable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Aerothermal Loads Distribution 506.53-45 W85-70144 506-51-23 W85-70131 176.10-03 W85-70363

1-56 SUBJECT INDEX TURBULENCE METERS

TRACKING (POSITION) Test Methods and Instrumentation Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Precision Time and Frequency Sources 505-31-51 W85-70011 for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange 31 0.1 0.42 W85-70537 National Transonic Facility (NTF) Experiments 505-31-63 W85-70014 147-14-07 W85-70260 Systems Engineering and Management Technology 310-40.49 W85-70557 TRANSONIC SPEED Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Computationat and Anaty'-Y'.,atFluid Dynamics _stribut_on 906-76.23 W85-70582 5-31-03 W85-70002 176-10-03 W85-70363 TRACKING STATIONS nteragency and Industrial Assistance and Testing GTE CV-990 Measurements DSN Monitor and Control Technology 505-43-33 W65-70076 176-20-99 W85-70364 31 0.20-68 W85-70550 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement TRACTION 533-02-31 W85-70113 176-40-14 W85-70365 Aircraft Landing Dynamics Vortex Flap Flight Exper_,ment/F-106S 505.45-14 W55-70087 533-02-43 W85.70115 Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland TRANSONIC WIND TUNNELS Ecosystems TRADEOFFS High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 199-30-26 W85-70420 Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) 505-34-17 W85-70031 505-43-61 W85-70080 Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol TRANSPONDERS Climatic Effects Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 672-21-99 W85-70482 Processing Systems 505-37.01 W85-70049 Technology Stratospheric Dynamics 506-58-25 W85.70207 673-61-99 W85-70490 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics Integration Communications Laboratory for Transponder TRUSSES 505-45-41 W85-70095 Development Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 650.60-23 W85-70476 Experiment) New Application Concepts and Studies 643-10-02 W65-70469 Satellite Communications Technology 542-03.43 W85-70255 Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and 310-20-38 W85-70543 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment Measurement Considerations TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT (SADE) 677-62-02 W55-70519 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 906-55-10 W85-70562 TRAFFIC CONTROL Integration Erectable Space Structures Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning 505.45-41 W85-70095 462-53-43 W85-70601 System Technology Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration Deployable Truss Structure 906-80-14 W85-70589 505-45-43 W85-70096 482-53-47 W85-70602 TRAINING ANALYSIS Icing Technology TUBES Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety 505-45-54 W85-70097 Long Term Space Exposure 505-35-21 W85-70038 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge 452-53-23 W85-70597 Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics Flight Test and VSTFE) Erectable Space Structures (JIAA) 506.45-61 W85.70099 482-53-43 W85-70601 506.36-41 W85-70045 Laminar Flow Integration TUNABLE LASERS NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality 506.45-63 W85-70100 Submillirneter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators Assurance Seminars Transport Composite Primary Structures 506-54-22 W85-70155 323-51-90 W85-70265 534-06-13 W65-70123 Remote Sensor System Research and Technoiogy TRAINING DEVICES TRANSPORT PROPERTIES 506-54-23 W85-70156 NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Sensor Research and Technology Assurance Seminars 154.60-80 W85-70317 506-54-25 W85-70157 323-51-90 W65-70265 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor TRAINING SIMULATORS 179-20-62 W85-70373 147-11-07 W85-70278 Human Factors Facilities Operations Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 505-35-81 W85-70041 442.20-02 W85-70458 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere TRAJECTORIES TRANSPORT THEORY 147-23-g9 W85-70288 Control Theory and Analysis Satellite Data InterpretatiOn, N20 and NO Transport TUNING 505-34-03 W85-70026 673-41-13 W85-70487 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION TRANSPORTATION 506-54-23 W85-70156 Automation Systems Research Tether Applications in Space TURBINE BLADES 506-54-63 W85-70164 906-70-00 W85-70574 Turbine Engk_e Hot Section Technology (HOST) TRANSFER ORBITS TRAPPED PARTICLES Project Fundamental Control Theory and Analytical Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric 533-04-t 2 W65-70121 Techr(iques Magnetospheric Coupling) TURBINE ENGINES 506-57-15 W85-70187 442-36-56 W85-70463 Propulsion Materials Technology Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Frequency and Timing Research 505-33-62 W85-70025 Transportation Systems 310.10-62 W85-70540 Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 506-63.23 W85-70223 TRAPPING 505-40.74 W85-70058 Conceptual Characterization and Technology Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar Systern Volatiles as Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) Assessment Recorded in Metaorites and Amhesn Samples Project 506-63-29 W85-70225 199-50-20 W85-70432 533-04-12 W85-70121 TRANSITION TRAVELING WAVE TUBES Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines Radio Systems Development Satellite Communications Research and Techno_ogy 533-06.12 W85-70122 310-20-66 W85-70548 506-58-22 W85-70205 TURBOMACHINERY TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY RF Components for Satellite Communications Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Systems 505-33-72 W85-70026 310-20-64 W85-70546 650-60-22 W85-70475 Earth.to.Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance TRANSMISSION LINES TREES (PLANTS) Technology Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 506-60.12 W85-70210 Sensing 677-27-03 W85-70503 Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion 677-63-99 W85-70520 Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 506-60-42 W85.70213 TRANSMISSIONS (MACHINE ELEMENTS) 677-27-04 W85-70504 TURBOPROP AIRCRAFT Helicopter Transmission Technology TRIBOLOGY Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) 505-42-94 W85-70068 Propulsion Materials Technology 505-45-58 W85-70098 TRANSMITTER RECEIVERS 505-33-62 W85-70025 TURBOPROP ENGINES Thin-Route User Terminal Materials Science-NOE and Tribology Advanced Turboprop Technology 646-41-03 W85-70472 506.53-12 W85-70134 535-03-12 W85-70125 TRANSMIT'rERS TROPICAL REGIONS TURBORAMJET ENGINES Laser Communications Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 506-58-26 W85-70208 161-80.38 W85-70361 505-43-83 W85-70083 Wind Measurement Assessment Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme TURBULENCE 146-72-04 W85-70275 677-27-01 W85-70501 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Dynamics 310-20-64 W85-70546 Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 505-31-01 W85-70001 TRANSONIC FLIGHT 677-27-03 W85.70503 Viscous Flows Loads and Aeroelssticity Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics 505-31-11 W85-70004 505-33.43 W85-70023 677-27-04 W85°70504 Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Oblique Wing Research Aircraft TROPOPAUSE 505-31-13 W85-70005 533-02-91 W85-70120 Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave Boundary.Layer Stability and Transition Research TRANSONIC FLOW Radiometers 505-31-15 W85-70006 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 505-45.15 W85-70088 TURBULENCE METERS 505-31-21 W85-70007 TROPOSPHERE Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Wind Measurement Assessment Gradient/B57-B 505-31-23 W85-70008 146-72-04 W85-70275 505-45-10 W85-70084

1-57 SUBJECT INDEX TURBULENT FLOW

TURBULENT FLOW UPLINKING VAPORS Viscous Flows Communications Laboratory for Transponder Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 505-31-11 W85-70004 Development Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics 650-60-23 W85-70476 199-50-20 W85-70432 VARIATIONS 505-31-21 W85-70007 Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Aeroecoustics Research 310-20-64 W85-70546 Extended Atmospheres 154-80-80 W85-70320 505-31-33 W85.70009 DSN Monitor end Control Technology • Test Methods and Instrumentation 310-20-88 W85-70550 Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and Clouds 505-31-51 W85-70011 UPPER ATMOSPHERE 672-32-99 W85-70484 Three.Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements Shortgrass Steppe - Long.Term Ecological Research 505-31.55 W85-70013 147-11.00 W86-70276 677-26-02 W85-70500 TWO DIMENSIONAL BOUNDARY LAYER Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements VAX-11/780 COMPUTER Boundary-Layar Stability and Transition Research 147-16-01 W85-70282 Space Systems and Navigation Technology 505-31-15 W85-70006 Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere 310-10-63 W85-70541 TWO DIMENSIONAL FLOW 147-21-03 W85-70283 Network Hardware and Software Development Tools Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere 310-40-72 W85-70558 Dynamics 147-22-01 W85-70285 VECTORS (MATHEMATICS) 505-31-01 W85-70001 Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Advanced Magnetometer (STARFAC) 676-59-75 W85-70497 505-31-03 W85-70002 906-70-16 W85-70575 Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and TWO PHASE FLOW UPPER SURFACE BLOWING Applications Thermal Management Powered Lift Research and Technology 906-75-59 W85-70586 606-55-62 W85-70182 505-43-01 W85-70070 VEGETATION Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) URANUS (PLANET) A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeecheminal 506-62.42 W85-70220 The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites Research in Wetlands Space Energy Conversion. Two Phase Heat Acquisition 151.02-60 W85-70297 199-30-35 W85-70422 and Transport fer Space Station Users Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites Soil Delineation 482-55-86 W85-70614 151.05-80 W85-70300 677-26-01 W85-70499 Digital Signal Processing Shortgrass Steppe - Long.Term Ecological Research 310-30-70 W86-70552 U 677-26-02 W85-70500 USER REQUIREMENTS Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme U-2 AIRCRAFT Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation 677-27-01 W85-70501 505-42-41 W85-70062 Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol Rock Weathering in Arid Environments Climatic Effects Computer Science Research 677-41.07 W85-70507 506-54-56 W85-70161 672-21-89 W85-70482 Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 677-41-13 W85-70508 Technology Clouds Multispeetral Analysis of Ultramefic Terranes 506-60-12 W85-702t O 672-32-99 W85-70484 677-41-29 W85-70510 Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCIES Goobotanical Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 506-62-22 W85-70216 Airborne Radar Research 677-42-04 W85.70511 Tetsoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 677-47-03 W85-70514 Arid Lands Geobotany 506-64-29 W95-70245 Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations 677-42-09 W85-70512 Electrostatic Containadess Processing Technology 677-47.07 W85-70515 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land 179.20-56 W85-70372 ULTRASONIC TESTS Cover Types Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Now Application Concepts and Studies 677-53-01 W85-70517 643-10.02 W85-70469 Program Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and 323-51-66 W85-70264 ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs Measurement Considerations 906-54-62 W85-70561 ULTRASONICS 677-62-02 W85-70519 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture Life Prediction for Structural Materials Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 505-33-23 W85-70019 Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 677-64-01 W85-70521 906-65-33 W85-70573 ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone Satellite Servicing Program Plan Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 906-75-50 W85-70584 147-11.05 W85-70277 0 ULTRAVIOLET LASERS Space Station Customer Data System Focused 188-38-52 W85-70386 Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics Technology Particles and Particle/Field Interactions 482-58-16 W85-70621 506-51-14 W85-70129 442-36-55 W85-70460 Data Systems Informatidn Technology ULTRAVIOLET PHOTOMETRY VELOCITY MEASUREMENT 482-58-17 W85-70622 Entry Vehicle Laser Photodiagnostics Test Methods and Instrumentation 506-51-14 W85-70129 505-31-61 W85-70011 In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone V Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 147-11-05 W85-70277 505-31-55 W85-70013 ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION V/STOL AIRCRAFT Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations Mars Data Analysis Low-Speed Wind-Tunoel Operations 442-20-01 W85-70455 155-20-40 W85-70325 505-42-81 W85-70066 Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 906-75-23 W85-70582 Facility 505-42-92 W85-70067 188-78-38 W85-70400 VENERA SATELUTES Powered Lift Research and Technology Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Sounding Rocket Expenments (Astronomy) 505-43-01 W85-70070 151-01-60 W85-70292 879.11-41 W85-70533 V/STOL Fighter Technology UNITED STATES VENTILATION 505-43.03 W85-70071 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 692-05-05 W85-70524 482-64-31 W85-70631 Research Program/YAV-8S UNIVERSE 533.02-51 W85-70116 VENUS (PLANET) Life in the Universe VACUUM CHAMBERS Planetary Geology 199-60-52 W85.70436 151-01-20 W85-70291 Space Plasma Laboratory Research UNIVERSITIES 442-20.01 W85-70454 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets JIAFS Base Support 151-01-60 W85-70292 Geepotential Research Mission (GRM) Studies 505-36-43 W95-70047 675-59-10 W85-70494 Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Aerospace Computer Science University Research VACUUM DEPOSITION 151-02-60 W85-70295 506-54-50 W85-70159 Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres UNIVERSITY PROGRAM Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 154-20-80 W85-70314 Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) 482-53-27 W85-70599 Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 505-90-28 W85-70102 VALVES 154-30-80 W85-70315 UNMANNED SPACECRAFT Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development Long Duration Exposure Facility Aeronomy: Chemistry Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 154-75-60 W95-70319 542-04-13 W85-70260 482-55-77 W85-70612 UNSTEADY FLOW Extended Atmospheres VAPOR DEPOSITION 154-80-80 W85-70320 Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Crystal Growth Process Extended Atmospheres Dynamics 179-80-70 W85-70382 154-80-80 W85-70321 505-31-01 W85-70001 VAPOR PHASES Viscous Flows Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfiaid Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles 505-31-11 W85-70004 Technology Development 154-90-80 W85-70322 UPGRADING 506-51-17 W85-70130 Human Factors Facili_es Operations Crystal Growth Research VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis 505-35-81 W85-70041 179-90-70 W95-70383 155-04-80 W85-70324

1-58 SUBJECT INDEX WEATHER

Magnatospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field VISCOUS DRAG WASTE ENERGY UTILIZATION Interaction Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion 442-36-99 W85-70464 505-31-13 W85-70005 482-60-29 W85-70627 VENUS ATMOSPHERE VISCOUS FLOW WASTE HEAT VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion 155-04-80 W85-70324 Dynemics 482-60-29 W85.70627 VENUS SURFACE 505-31-01 W85-70001 WASTE TREATMENT Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Planetary Geology Advanced Life Support Systems Technology 505-31-03 W85-70002 151-01-20 W85-70291 506-64.37 W85-70247 Viscous Flows Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support 505-31-11 W85-70004 154-20.80 W85-70314 Systems Exparimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION 482-64-37 W85-70632 505-31-21 W85-70007 Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) WASTE WATER 146-72-02 W85-70274 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration 505-45-43 W85-70096 Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Satellite Data Interpretation. N20 and NO Transport 482-64-31 W85-70631 Laminar Flow integration 673-41-13 W85-70487 505-45-63 W85-70100 WATER VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION Aarobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle FIowfield Three-Dimensionsi Velocity Field Measurement Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Technology Development 505-31-55 W85-70013 Research and Technology 506-51-17 W85-70130 Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 506.54-15 W85-70153 VISIBLE SPECTRUM Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Radio Metric Technology Development Reck Weathering in Arid Environments 199-50-20 W85-70432 310-10-60 W85-70538 677-41-07 W85-70507 CELSS Development Communication Systems Research Multispactral Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes 199-61-12 W85-70438 310-20-71 W85-70551 677-41-29 W85-70510 Resistojet Technology Digital Signal Processing Arid Lands Geobotany 482-50-22 W85-70592 310-30-70 W85-70552 677-42-09 W85-70512 WATER COLOR Network "Hardware and Software Development Tools VISUAL SIGNALS Ocean Productivity 310-40-72 W85-70558 Optical Communications Technology Development 161-30-02 W85.70352 VERY LONG BASE INTERFEROMETRY 310-20-67 W85-70549 WATER RECLAMATION VOLATILITY VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 15504-80 W85-70324 Lubricant Coatings Support Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) 482-53-22 W85-70596 506-64-31 W85-70246 159-41-03 W85-70348 VOLCANOES Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) Planetary Geology 506-64-37 W85-70247 692-05-05 W85-70524 151-01-20 W85-70291 WATER TREATMENT Precision Time and Frequency Sources Planetary Materials: Geochronology Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support 310-10-42 W85-70537 152-14-40 W85-70306 Systems Radio Metric Technology Development Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol 482-64-37 W85-70632 310-10-60 W85-70538 Climatic Effects WATER VAPOR Space Systems and Navigation Technology 672-21-99 W85-70482 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development 310-t 0-63 W85-70541 Aerosol Formation Models 157-04-80 W85-70342 Very Long Baseline Intarferometry (VLBI) Tracking of 672-31-99 W85-70483 Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) VORTEX FLAPS 161-80-15 W85-70359 310-20-39 W85-70544 Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-106B WATER WAVES VESTIBULAR TESTS 533-02-43 W85-70115 Theeretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Neurophysiology VORTICES Centimetric Waves in the Ocean 199-22-22 W85-70412 Viscous Flows 161-80-37 W85-70360 Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) 505-31-11 W85-70004 Scatferometer Research Gravity Research Viscous Drag Reduction and Control 161-80-39 W85-70362 199-80-32 W85-70444 505-31-13 W85-70005 WAVE INTERACTION VESTIBULES Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics Aaroecoustics Research Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) 505-31-21 W85-70007 505-31-33 W85-70009 Gravity Research Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 199-80-32 W85.70444 505.31-23 W85-70008 Analysis VHSlC (CIRCUITS) F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research 442-2001 W86-70456 Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information 533-02-01 W85-70109 WAVE PROPAGATION Systems High Angle-of-Attack Technology Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research 506-58-11 W85.70197 533-02-03 W85-70110 605-31-15 W85-70006 A Very High Speed integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Spanwise Blowing Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches Technelegy General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space 533-02-33 W85-70114 Using the DSN Station VORTIClTY 188-41-22 W85-70390 506-58-12 W85-70198 Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft WAVEGUIOE LASERS Information Data Systems (IDS) for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary 506-58-15 W85.70200 Experiments Astronomy Digital Signal Processing 147-14-07 W85-70280 157-05-50 W85-70344 310-30-70 W85-70552 VOYAGER PROJECT WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Space Data Technology Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboerd Data 482-58.13 W85-70620 History Processing VIBRATION 154-10-60 W85-70313 506-58-13 W85-70199 RSRA Flight Research/Rotors Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices WAVELENGTHS 505-42-51 W85-70063 154-30-80 W85-70315 In-Space Solid State l_idar Technology Experiment Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 542-03-51 W85-70257 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles Atmospheric Photochemistry 147-23-99 W88-70288 154-90-80 W85-70322 t 47.22-02 W85-70286 VIBRATION DAMPING Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations Arid Lands Geobotany Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology 442.20-01 W85-70455 677-42-09 W85-70512 505.33-72 W85-70026 WEAK ENERGY INTERACTIONS Digital Signal Processing Rotorcraft Airframe Systems 310.30-70 W85-70552 Space Plasma Data Analysis 505-42-23 W85-70061 442-20-01 W85-70457 Advanced Space Structures WEAPON SYSTEMS 506-63.43 W85-70143 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-16 VIKING SPACECRAFT W 533-02-61 W85-70117 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets WEAR 151-01-60 W85-70292 WAFERS Propulsion Materials Technology VISCOSITY Information Data Systems (IDS) 505-33-62 W85-70025 506-58.15 W85-70200 Contsinedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Materials Science-NDE and Tribology WASTE DISPOSAL Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and 506-53-12 W85-70134 Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Lubricant Coatings Support 179-20.55 W85-70371 482-53-22 W85-70596 Crystal Growth Process 506-64-31 W85-70246 WEATHER 179-80-70 W85-70382 Avanced Ufe Support Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Crustal Motion System Studies 199-61-31 W85-70440 Research Progrsm/YAV-6B 692-59-01 W85-70525 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote 533-02-51 W85-70116 Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics Sensing Meteorological Parameters Extraction 693-61-02 W85-70531 677-63-99 W85-70520 146-66-01 W85-70271

1-59 WEATHERFORECASTING SUBJECT INDEX

Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field WIND PROFILES WIND VELOCITY Interaction Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of Scatterometer Research 442-36-99 W85-70464 Centimetric Waves in the Ocean t 6 t -80-39 W85-70362 WEATHER FORECASTING 161-80-37 W85-70360 WIND VELOCITY MEASUREMENT Microwave Pressure Sounder WIND RIVER RANGE (WY) Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection 146-72-01 W85-70273 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 505-45-18 W85-70089 Weather Forecasting Expert System 677-41-24 W85.70509 Wind Measurement Assessment t 46-72-04 W85-70275 906-64-23 W85-70570 WIND SHEAR VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis WEATHERING Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B Planetary Geology 505-45-13 W85-70086 155-04-80 W85-70324 151-01-20 W85-70291 Hydrodyn Studies Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection 196-41-54 W85-70405 Mars Data Analysis 505-45-18 W85-70089 155-20-40 W85-70325 WINDOWS (APERTURES) Aviation Safety - Atmospheric Processes/B-57 Human Behavior and Performance Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 505-45- t 9 W85-70090 677-41-07 W85-70507 482-52-21 W85-70593 WIND TUNNEL MODELS WEIGHT REDUCTION WING PROFILES Test Methods and Instrumentation Composites for Airframe Structures Transport Composite Primary Structures 505-31-51 W85-70011 505-33-33 W85-70021 534-06-13 W85-70123 Powered Lift Research and Technology WING TIPS High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and 505-43-01 W85.70070 Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise Gradient/B57-B Materials Technology WIND TUNNEL TESTS 505-43-43 W85-70077 Viscous Flows 505-45-10 W86-70084 Oblique Wing Research Aircraft 505-31-t 1 W85-70004 WINGS 533-02-91 W85.70120 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 505-31-21 W85-70007 (AFTI/F-111) 533-02-11 W85-70111 506-63-39 W85.70231 Test Methods and Instrumentation WEIGHTLESSNESS 505-31`61 W85-70011 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations Development of a Shuffle Flight Experiment: Drop 533-02-31 W85-70113 Test Techniques Decoupler Pylon Flight Evaluation Dynamics Module 505-31-53 W85-70012 542-03-01 W85-70251 533-02-71 W85-70118 Loads and Aeroelasticity WOOD Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment 505-33-43 W85-70023 (Temp A) Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring 542-03-53 W85-70258 Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics 667-60-18 W85-70480 505-33-53 W85-70024 Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) WORKLOADS (PSYCHOPHYSlOLOGY) 542-03-54 W85-70259 Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques Crew Health Maintenance 505-42-81 W85-70066 505-34-33 W85-70034 199-11-11 W85-70408 Rotorcraft Icing Technology Piloted Simulation Technology Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal 505-42-98 W85-70069 505-35-31 W85-70039 Studies) Powered Lift Research and Technology Human Engineering Methods 199-11-21 W85-70409 505-43-01 W85-70070 505-35-33 W85-70040 Cardiovascular Physiology High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics Psychology 199-21-12 W85-70410 505-43-11 W85-70072 199-22-62 W85-70416 Neurophysiology Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls WYOMING 199-22-22 W85.70412 505-43-13 W85-70073 Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Bone Physiology High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 677-41-24 W86-70509 199-22-32 W85-70414 505-43-23 W85-70074 Developmental Biology Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing X 199-40-22 W85-70427 505-43-33 W85-70076 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations X RAY ANALYSIS for Data and Functional Interfaces) 505-43`61 W85-70080 Giotto PIA Co-I 199-61-41 W85-70441 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft t 56-03-04 W85-70331 Plant Research Facilities 505-45-23 W85-70091 Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer 199-80-72 W85-70446 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics (SEMPA) Development Integration Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and 157-03-70 W85-70336 505-45-41 W85-70095 Cryo Storage X RAY ASTRONOMY 906-75-52 W85-70585 Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) 505-45-43 W85-70096 WELDING t 59-46-01 W86-70349 Icing Technology Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment Gamma-Ray Astronomy 505-45`64 W85-70097 906-90-22 W85-70591 188-46-57 W85-70395 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge WETLANDS X-Ray Astronomy Flight Test and VSTFE) Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland 188-46-59 W85-70398 505-45-61 W85-70099 Ecosystems X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 199-30-26 W85-70420 RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation 188-46-59 W85-70399 532-09-10 W85-70107 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program Research in Wetlands Facility Support 199-30-35 W85-70422 188-78-38 W85-70400 532-09-11 W85-70108 Terrestrial Biology F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation 199-30-36 W85-70423 533-02-01 W85-70109 and Theoretical Studies 385-46-01 W85-70452 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling High Angle-of-Attack Technology 677-64-01 W85-70521 533-02-03 W85.70110 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy WIND (METEOROLOGY) Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly integrated Digital Astrophysics) Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Electronic Control) 879-11-46 W85-70534 Magnetospheric Coupling) 533-02-21 W85-70112 X RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY 442-36-56 W85-70463 Spanwise Blowing Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) 533-02-33 W85-70114 159-46-01 W85-70349 693-05-05 W85-70530 Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-106B X RAY FLUORESCENCE WIND EFFECTS 533-02-43 W85-70115 Planetary Materials: Chemist_ Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 152.13-40 W85-70304 151-01-60 W85-70292 533-02-81 W85-70119 X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies Entw Vehicle Aerotharmodynamics 157-03-50 W85-70335 506-51-13 W85-70128 151-02-60 W85-70295 X-Ray Astronomy Aerothermal Loads Theoretical/Numerical Study of the Dynamics of 188-46-59 W85-70398 506-51-23 W85-70131 Centimetric Waves in the Ocean X RAY SOURCES Thermal Structures 161-80-37 W85-70360 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 506-53-33 W85-70140 WIND EROSION and Lidar Research and Technology Optical Information Processing/Photophysics 506-54-26 W85-70158 Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets 506-54-11 W85-70152 151-01-60 W85-70292 X RAY SPECTROSCOPY Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets WIND MEASUREMENT 151-01-60 W85-70292 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Scatterometer Research WIND TUNNEL WALLS and Lidar Research and Technology 506-54-26 W85-70158 161-80-39 W85-70362 Test Methods and Instrumentation WIND PRESSURE 505-31-51 W85-70011 X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition ThBoretical/Numerical Study of the. Dynamics of WIND TUNNELS 157-03-50 W85-70335 Centimetric Waves in the Ocean Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support X.Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 161-80-37 W85-70360 505-40-74 W85-70058 188-46-59 W85-70399

1-60 SUBJECT INDEX X WING ROTORS

Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 677-41 - 13 W85-70508 Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy Astrophysics) 879-11-46 W85-70534 X RAY TELESCOPES X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 188-46-59 W85.70399 X WING ROTORS RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation 532-09-10 W85.70107

1-61 TECHNICAL MONITOR INDEX

RTOP SUMMARY FISCAL YEAR 1985 Typical Monitor Index Listing

TECHNICAL 1 PlECeDmG pAGE BLANK NI3T FII,JCED MONITORI ABOoI"r, IL R. oce_ 161-,30-02 W85-70352

A ESS,ORI ASTON, G. BENZ, H. F. Electric Propulsion Systems Technoiogy A Very High Speed integrated Circuit (VHSIC) / I 506-55-25 W85-70168 Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space AUSTIN, R.E. Station A title is used to provide a more exact description Conceptual Characterization and Technology 506-58-12 W85-70198 of the subject matter. The RTOP accession number Assessment Space Data Technology is used to locate the bibliographic citations and 505-63-29 W85-70225 482-58-13 W85-70620 BERCAW, R. technical summaries in the Summary Section. e Electrodynamic Tether Materials end Device Development A BACON, D. C., JR. 906-70-30 W85-70578 Facility Upgrade BERCAW, R. W. 505-43-60 W85-70079 I_ower Systems Management and Distribution ABBO'n', M. R. BAGWELI., J.W. 506-55.72 W85-70176 Ocean Productivity Experiments Coordination and Mission Support BERRY, D. T. 161-30-02 W85-70352 645-41-01 W85-70471 Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) ABDALLA, K. L Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology 506-63-40 W85-70232 Rotororaft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) 650-60.20 W85-70473 BILLINGHAM, J. 505-42-92 W85-70067 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Life in the Universe ABRAMS, M. J. 650-60-21 W85-70474 199-50-52 W85-70436 Muitispectral Analysis of Uitramafic Terranes RF Components for Satsilite Communications BLACK, D. C. 677-41-29 W85-70510 Systems Theoretical Studies of Galaxies. ActNe Galactic Nuck)i 650-60-22 W85-70475 The interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds ABSHIRE, J. B. Laser Communications Communications Laboratory for Transponder 188-41.53 W85-70392 506-58-26 W85-70208 Development Detection of Other Ranetary Systems 650-60-23 W85-70476 196-41-68 W85-70407 ACUNA, M. H. BAILEY, F.R. BLANCHAD, D. P. Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments Numaric_ Aarodyrmmic S_mulation (NAS) Program Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distrioution 156-03-05 W85-70332 536-01 -11 W85-70126 152-20-40 W85-70310 ALBEE, A. BANGS, W.F. BLANCHARD, R. C. Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer Dynamic, Acous_c, and Thermal Environments (DATE) Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mess Spectrometer (SEMPA) Development Experiment (Transportation Technology Veriflcation-OEX (SUMS) 157-03-70 W85-70336 Program) 506-63-37 W85-70230 ALEXANDER, J. K. 506-63-36 W85-70229 High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics BARAONA, C.R. Experiment Development 442-20-02 W85-70458 Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 506-63-43 W85-70233 ALEXOVICN, R. E. 482-55-42 W85-70606 BLANKENSHIP, C. P. Submillimetar Wave Backward Wave Oscillators Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and Advanced Structural Alloys 506-54-22 W85-70155 Storage 505-30-13 W85-70017 Satellite Communications Research and Technology 482-55-62 W85-70608 Life Prediction for Structural Materiels 506-58-22 W85-70205 BARMATZ, M. 505-33-23 w85-7001g ALFONSI, P. J. Multimode Acoustic Research Composites for Airframe Structures Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems 179-1 5-20 W85-70370 505-33-33 W85-70021 (EPAMS) BARNES, A. Loads and Aarcelesticity 323-53-50 W85-70268 Magnetospheric Physics - Particles end Particle/Field 505-33-43 W85-70023 ALLEN, J. L Interaction Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight 442-35-99 W85-70464 505-33-53 W85-70024 Rotorcraft Airframe Systems Experiment) BARNETT, L C. 505-42-23 W85-70061 542-03-43 W85-70255 Flight Support Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise AMBRUS, J. H. 505-43-71 W85-70081 Gradient/B57-B Space Energy Conversion Support BARON, R.S. 505-45-10 W85-70084 506-55-80 W85.70181 Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge Aircraft Landing Dynamics ANDERSON, J. E. Flight Test and VSTFE) 505-45-14 W85-70087 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land 505-45-61 W85-70099 Rotorcraft Vibration end Noise Cover Types BARTLETT, D.S. 532-06-13 W85-70106 677-53-01 W85-70517 TarresVial Biology Compes_e Materials and Structures AREBALO, M. L 199-30-36 W85-70423 534-06-23 W85-70124 Advanced Fighter Technology Intngration/F-16 BATHKER, D. Aerothermal Loads 533-02-61 W85-70117 Antenna Systems Development 506-51-23 W85-70131 Decouplar Pylon Flight Evaluabon 310-20-65 W85-70547 Space Durable Materials 533-02-71 W85-70118 BAUER, E.H. 506-53-23 W85-70136 ARMSTRONG, J. W. Long Term Appticabons Research Thermal Structures Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 668-37-99 W85-70481 506-53-33 W85-70140 0 Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Advanced Space Structures 188-38-52 W85-70386 Sensing 506-53-43 W85-70143 Signal ProceesJng for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 677-63-99 W85-70520 Long Term Space Exposure Using the DSN BAUGHER, C.R. 482-53-23 W85-70597 188-41-22 W85-70390 Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer Erecta_e Space Structures ARNOLD, J. O. 675-59-33 W85.70495 482-53-43 W85-70601 Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study Processing Systems BEJCZY, A.K. 482-53-53 W85-70604 505-37-01 W85-70049 Telecparator Human Interface Technology BOBBITT, P. J. Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 505-57-25 W85-70192 Computational end Analytical Fluid Dynamics 505-53-11 W85-70133 TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand 505-31-03 W85-70002 ARRINGTON, J. P. 906-75-06 W85-70580 Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Multifunctional Smart End Effector 505-31-23 W85-70008 Transportation Systems 482-52-25 W85-70594 Test Techniques 506-63-23 W85-70223 BENCZE, D.P. 505-31-53 W85-70012 Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition High.Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations National Transonic Facility (NTF) 506-63-24 W85-70224 505-43-61 W85-70080 505-31-63 W85-70014

1-63 'RECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMED BOHON, H.L. MONITOR INDEX

Spanwise Blowing Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings CREASY, W. K. 533-02-33 W85-70114 482-55.49 W85-70607 Microprocessor Controlled Mechanism Technology BOHON, H. L. CARTER, A. L. 506-53-57 W85-70149 Transport Composite Prirnary Structures Flight Load Analysis Space Station Operations Technology 534-06-13 W85-70123 506-33.41 W85-70022 506-64-27 W85-70244 BOLDT, E. A. Structural Analysis and Synthesis Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy 506-53-51 W85-70146 482-53-57 W85-70605 Astrophysics) CREWS, J. L. 879-11.46 _"'_. _" -" : _ ; _' ! W85-70534 CASSEN, P. M. Hypervelocity Impact Resistance of Composite BOREHAM, J. F. _" "l=ormatio_;'E'volution, and Stability of Protostallar Disks Materials Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications 151-02-60 W85-70296 506-53-27 W85-70138 Technology CROUCH, R. K. CENTOLANZl, F. J. 506-58-25 W85-70207 Crystal Growth Research BOWER, R. E. Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 506-51.41 W85-70132 179-80-70 W85-70383 V/STOL Fighter Technology CUZZI, J. N. 505-43-03 W85-70071 NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility Studies of Planetary Rings Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 151-02-60 W85-70298 151-05-60 W85-70299 505-43.13 W85-70073 CHACKERIAN, C., JR. Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopy of Minor 505-45-23 W85-70091 Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere D Aerodynamics/Propulsion integration 147-23-99 W85-70288 505-45-43 W85-70096 CHAHINE, M. T. DABBS, J. R. High Angle-of-Attack Technology Meteorological Parameters Extraction Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occultar 533-02-03 W85-70110 146-66-01 W85-70271 Facility Vortex Flap Flight Expariment/F-106B 188-78-38 W85-70400 Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) 533-02.43 W85-70115 146-72-02 W85-70274 DAILEY, C. C. BRANDHORST, H. W., JR. Interdisciplinary Science Support Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 159-46-01 W85-70349 147-51 -12 W85-70290 506-55-42 W85-70169 DALKE, E. Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support BRANDT, J. C. Data Systems Information Technology 161-50-03 W85-70357 The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the 482-58-17 W85-70622 International Halley Watch (IHW) CHAN, R. DASPIT, L. P., JR. GTE CV-990 Measurements 156-02-02 W85-70326 Long Duration Exposure Facility BRANNON, D. P. 176.20-99 W85-70364 542-04-13 W85-70260 A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical CHANG, S. DASTOOR, M. N. Research in Wetlands Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents 199-30-35 W85.70422 152-13-60 W85-70305 147-21-09 W85-70284 Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Chemical Evolution DAUHTON, N. G. Project 199-50-12 W85-70430 Neurophysiology 667-60-16 W85-70479 CHAO, B. F. 199-22-22 W85-70412 BRECKINRIDGE, J. B. Crustal Motion System Studies DAVIS, T. Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An 692-59-01 W85-70525 Weather Forecasting Expert System Atlas Free of Telluric Contamination CHAPPELL, C. R. 906-64-23 W85-70570 385-38-01 W85-70451 Space Plasma Data Analysis DECKERT, W. H. BROWN, R. H. 442-20-01 W85-70457 Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Space Plasma SRT (JIAA) Applications 442-36-55 W85-70459 505-36-41 W85-70045 906-75-59 W85-70586 CHASSAY, R. P. RSRA Flight Research/Rotors Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) Ground Experiment Operations 505-42-51 W85-70063 Development Work Station 179-33-00 W85-70374 Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics 906-80-13 W85-70588 CHEVERS, E. S. Integration BROWN, W. E. Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) 505-45-41 W85-70095 Airborne Radar Research 505-34-17 W85-70031 RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation 677-47-03 W85-70514 CHRISTENSEN, C. S. 532-09-10 W85-70107 BRYANT, R. G. Space Systems and Navigation Technology DEETS, D. A. Interagency Assistance and Tes6ng 310-10-63 W85-70541 Advanced Controls and Guidance 505-43-31 W85-70075 CIBULA, W. G. 505-34-11 W86-70029 DEMORE, W. B. F.4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations Geobotanicat Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain 533-02-31 W85-70113 677-42-04 W85-70511 Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere BUCHANAN, H. ClNTRON-TREVINO, N, M. 147-21-03 W85-70283 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere 482-57-39 W85-70618 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) 147-22-01 W85-70285 BUCHANAN, H. J. 199-21-51 W85-70411 Data Survey and Evaluation Large Scale Systems Technology Control and CLEGHORN, T. 147-51-02 W85-70289 Guidance DENAIS, J. D. Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and 506-57-19 W85-70188 Cryo Storage Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development BURGESS, M. A. 906-75-52 W85-70585 Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems Advanced Transport Operating Systems COFFMANH, J. W. 482-55-77 W85-70612 505-45-33 W85-70093 Precision Time and Frequency Sources DENERY, D. G. BUSH, W. 310-10-42 W85-70537 Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Extended Data Analysis COHEN, S. C. 505-34-31 W85-70033 199-70.41 W85-70442 Regional Crust Deformation Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation BYERS, D. C. 692-61-01 W85-70527 505-42-41 W86-70062 Electric Propulsion Technology COLLINS, S. A. Operational Problems Fireworthiness and 506-55-22 W85-70167 Advanced CCD Camera Development Crashworthiness 157-01-70 W85-70334 505-45-11 W85-70085 Astrophysical CCD Development DERYDER, L J. C 186-78-60 W85-70403 Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for COLTRIN, R. E. Manned Orbiting Space Stations CAMP, D. W. Propulsion Technology for Hig-Pertormance Aircraft 506-64-13 W85-70236 Aviation Safely - Atmospheric Processes/B-57 505-43-52 W85-70078 Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for 505-45-19 W85-70090 CONDON, G. W. Manned Orbiting Space Stations Applied Flight Control CAMPBELL, T. G. 506-64-14 W85-70237 505-34-01 W85-70027 Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development DESMARAIS, D. J. CONWAY, E. J. Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors Organic Geochemistry Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution 506-58-23 W85-70206 199-50-22 W85-70433 506-55-73 W85-70177 Space Technology Experiments-Development of the COOK, A. M. DIETRICH, J. W. Hoop/column Deployable Antenna Simulation Facilities Operations Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology 506-62.43 W85-70221 505-42-71 W85-70065 152-11-40 W85-70301 CARLE, G. C. CORCORAN, M. L Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Solar System Exploration Gravity Perception 152-12-40 W85-70302 199-50-42 W85-70435 199.40-12 W85-70426 Planetary Materials: Chemistry CARRUTH, M. R., JR. COY, J. J. 152-13-40 W85-70304 Multi-kW Solar Arrays Helicopter Transmission Technology Planetary Materials: Geochronology 506-55-49 W86-70171 505-42-94 W86-70068 152-14-40 W85-70306

1-64 MONITOR INDEX HARRISS, R. C.

Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies FISHMAN, G. J. GOOLSBY, L D. 152.15-40 W85-70307 Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies 188-46-57 W85.70397 505-45-30 W85-70092 152-17-40 W85-70308 FLOWER, D. A. GORLANO, S. H. Microwave Pressure Sounder DIPIRRO, M. J. Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Superfluid Helium On.Oribt Transfer Demonstration 146-72-01 W85-70273 Technology 542-03-06 W85-70252 FORD, F. E. 506-60-12 W85-70210 Advanced Power System Technology DIXON, T. H. Onboard Propulsion GPS Positioning of a Marine Bouy for Plate Dynamics 506-55-76 W85.70179 506-60-22 W85-70212 Studies FORESTIERI, A. F. Space Station Thermal-To-Electric Conversion Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion 692-59-45 W85-70526 506-60-42 W85-70213 482-55-62 W85-70609 BONN, B. FOSTER, C. F. High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine A Laboratory Investigation of the Formation, Properties Technology DSN Monitor and Control Technology and Evolution of Presolar Grains 310-20.68 W85.70550 525-02-12 W85-70249 152-12-40 W85-70303 FOUDRIAT, E. C. GRANT, T. L. DOW, D. D. Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling Systems Systems 677-64.01 W85-70521 505-37-03 W85-70050 506-58.11 W86-70197 DRINKWATER, F. J. FREELAND, R. E. GRAVES, R. A., JR. Flight Test Operations Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques Training Program in Large-Scale Scientific Computing 505.42-61 W85-70064 506-62-45 W85-70222 505-36-60 W85-70048 DUKE, M. B. FREIMCH, M. H. GREEN, J. L Lunar Base Power System Evaluation Themetical/Numencal Study of the Dynamics of Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) 323-54-01 W85-70270 Centimetric Waves in the Ocean 656-42-01 W85-70478 Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities 161-80-37 W85.70360 GREENFIELD, M. A. 152-30-40 W85-70311 FRENCH, T. C. Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for JSC General Operations Geophysics and Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture Aeronautics Geochemistry Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 505-33-10 W85-70016 906-65-33 W85-70573 152-30-40 W85-70312 GRENANDER, S. FREY, H. DURRETT, R. H. Automation Technology for Planning, Taleoperation and Geostationary Platforms Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Robotics 906-90-03 W85-70590 Boundary Scarp 506-54-65 W85-70165 151-02-50 W85-70294 GRISAFFE, S. J. FROST, W. O. Materials Science-NDE and Tdbology Teleoperator Human Factors E 506-53-12 W85-70134 506-57-29 W85-70195 GRUSH, G. R. ELACHI, C. Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 506-64-29 W85-70245 Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and FU, L L Scavenging Study Multispectral Radar Mapper/Sounder 906-63-33 W85-70567 157-03-70 W85-70339 Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 161-80-38 W85-70361 GUPTA, A. ELLEMAN, D. D. R. 2. Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Electrostatic Containedess Processing Technology Matrices and Mechanisms of Co_osion in Hydrazine 179.20.56 W85-70372 G 506-53-15 W85-70135 ELUOTT, D. G. Effects of Space Environment on Cempos_tes Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic GAMBLE, J. D. 506-53-25 W85-70137 Propellant Storage High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV 506-64-25 W85-70242 GURNEY, W. J. Application ELMOTT, J. R. Data Base Development 906-63-37 W85-70568 Control Theory and Analysis 199-70-52 W85-70443 GARBA, J. A. 505-34-03 W85-70028 Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology ELLIS, S. 506-53-55 W85-70148 Muscle Physiology H GARMAN, J. 199-22-42 W85-70415 Testing and Analysis of DOD ADA Language for HAACK, R. F. ELLIS, W. E. NASA Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 506-58-18 W85-70203 Hermetically-Sealed Integrated Circuit Packages: 542-03-54 W85-70259 Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis GARY, B. L ELSON, L S. 323-51-03 W85-70262 Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave HABERLE, R. Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed Radiometers Physical and Dynamical Models of the Climate on Temperatures 505-45-15 W85-70088 673.41-12 W85-70496 Mars Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft ENGLER, E. E. 155-04-80 W85-70323 for Support of Stratospheric/Tr0pospheric Exchange Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept HAGAN, D. E. Experiments Sea Surface Temperatures Development 147-14-07 W85-70280 506-53-49 W85-70145 161-30-03 W85-70353 GATLIN, D. H. Deployable Truss Concepts HAGYARD, M. J. 482-53-49 W85-70603 F-18 High Angle of Attack Flight Research Ground-Based Observations of the Sun 533-02-01 W85-70109 ERWIN, H. O. 186-38.52 W85-70385 GAUNTNER, D. J. Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor HALL, S. B. 906-75-23 W85-70582 Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology The Human Role in Space (THURIS) ESTABROOK, F. B. 505-33-72 W85.70026 906-54-40 W85-70559 Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology GIBSON, E. K., JR. HARRIS, J. D. 188-4 t -22 W85-70389 Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support EVANS, D. L Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples 506-63-31 W85-70226 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 199-50-20 W85-70432 HARRIS, J. E. Images GILLESPIE, A. R. Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) 677-46.02 W85-70513 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 542-03-44 W85-70256 677-41-07 W85-70507 HARRIS, R. V., JR. F GOLDSTEIN, B. E. Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Theoretical Space Plasma Physics 505-31.13 W85-70005 442-36-55 W85-70462 High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration FAYMON, K. A. 505-43-23 W85-70074 GOLDSTEIN, H. E. Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems Interagency and Industrial Assistance and Testing 506-62.22 W85-70216 Evaluation 505-43-33 W85-70076 FELLER, D. L 506-53-31 W85-70139 High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology Wallops Flight Facility Research Airport 505-43-83 W85-70083 OEX Thermal Protection Experiments 505-45-36 W85-70094 HARRISON, J. K. FERGUSON, R. M. 506-63-39 W85-70231 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System GOLDSTEIN, M. E. (SADE) 906-64.24 W85.70571 Graduate Program in Aeronautics 906-55-10 W85-70562 505-36-22 W85-70043 FICHTEL, C. E. Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment Gamma Ray Astronomy Aeronautics Independent Research 906-90-22 W85-70591 188-46-57 W85-70396 505-90-28 W85-70104 HARRISS, R. C. FISHER, J. L. GOMERSALL, E. W. Biosphere.Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland HAL/S Inter-Center Board Large Primate Facility Ecosystems 506-54-67 W85-70162 199-80-52 W85-70445 199-30-26 W85-70420

1-65 HARTLE, R. E. MONITOR INDEX

HARTLE, R. E. KOHL, F. J. Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis Materials Science in Space (MSiS) 154-60.80 W85-70317 179-10-10 W85-70367 HARTOP, R. IGNACZAK, L R. Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Advanced Transmitter Systems Development Flight Test of an Ion Auxiliary Propulsion System 179-20-62 W85-70373 310-20-64 W85-70546 (lAPS) Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory 542-05-12 W85.70261 179-48-00 W85.70377 HATFIELD, J. J. Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques IRISH, G. J. KONRADI, A. 506-34-33 W85-70034 Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint Space Plasma Laboratory Research 442-20-01 W85.70454 HEAPS, W. S. Research Project Upper Atmosphere Research - Field Measurements 677-60-17 W85-70518 KOSTIUK, T. 147-11-00 W85-70276 Hydrodyn Studies 196-41-54 W85-70405 Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement KRAMER, P. C. 176-40-14 W85-70365 Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System HELLINGS, R. W. JACOBSON, A. S. Design and Analysis Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Gamma-Ray Astronomy 906-54-61 W85-70560 Background 188-46-57 W85-70395 KRISHEN, K. 188-41-22 W85-70388 Space Station Communication and Tracking X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development HEPPNER, J. P. 188-46.59 W85-70399 Technology Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric 482-59-27 W85-70625 JAFFE, R. L Magnetospheric Coupling) KROLL, K. Computational Flame Radiation Research 442-36-56 W85-70463 Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 505-31-41 W85-70010 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics Transfer Experiments JARVlS, C. R. 906-70-23 W85-70576 445-11-36 W85-70465 Oblique Wing Research Aircraft KUTINA, F. J., JR. 533-02-91 W85-70120 HEUSER, J. Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support Space Station Operations Language JENKINS, L M. 505-40-74 W85-70058 482-58-18 W85-70623 Telepresence Work Station 906-75-41 W85-70583 HEYDORN, R. P. L Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis JEWELL, R. E. 677-50-52 W85-70516 Space Systems Analysis 506-64-19 W85-70240 LABUS, T. L HEYMAN, J. S. Reduced Gravity Combustion Science JOHNSON, P. C. Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance 179-60-51 W85-70380 Crew Health Maintenance Program LANCASHIRE, R. B. 323-51-66 W85-70264 199-11-11 W85-70408 Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines JOHNSON, R. D. HIBBS, A. R. 533-05-12 W85-70122 CELSS Demonstration Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for LANG, H. R. 199-61-22 W85-70439 Astronomy Applications Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins 159-41-01 W85-70346 JONES, L W. 677-41-24 W85-70509 HILDNER, E. Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion LANGEL, R. A. 482-60-29 W85-70627 Coronal Data Analysis Geopotantial Fields (Magnetic) 385-38-01 W85-70450 JONES, R. E. 676-20-01 W85-70491 HILDRETH, E. D. Resistojet Technology LARSEN, R. L 482-50-22 W85-70592 Program Support Communications Network Aerospace Computer Science University Research 505.37-49 W85-70054 Advanced H/O Technology 506-54-50 W85-70159 482-60-22 W85-70626 HILL, C. L LAWLESS, J. G. Timber Resource Inventory and Monitoring JORDAN, J. F. Biospheric Modelling 667-60-18 W85-70480 Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometry (OVLBI) 199o30-12 W85-70418 HILLAND, J. E. 159-41-03 W85-70348 Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 199-30-22 W85-70419 Oceanic Remote Sensing Library Terrestrial Biology 161-50-02 W85-70356 K 199-30-32 W85-70421 HOCHSTEIN, L L Ocean Ecology Origin and Evolution of Life 199-30-42 W85-70424 199-50-32 W85-70434 KAHLE, A. B. TIMS Data Analysis Instrument Development HOCKENSMITH, R. P. 677-41-03 W85-70506 199-30-52 W85-70425 Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA LEGER, L J. KAHN, W. D. Networks Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Gravity Gradiometar Program 310-20-46 W85-70545 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 676-59-55 W85-70496 HOLDEN, D. G. 482-53-27 W85-70599 KEAFER, L S. Aidab Operations LESH, J. R. 505-34-23 W85-70032 Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual Design Optical Communications Technology Development HOLMS, J. M. 506-62-23 W85-70217 310-20-67 W85-70549 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun KEATING, T. LEVINE, J. S. 188-38-52 W85-70384 Geopetential Research Mission (GRM) Studies Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry HOLT, H. M. 676-59-10 W85-70494 199-50-16 W85-70431 Fault Tolerant Systems Research KERN, D. LEWIS, J. L 505-34-13 W85-70030 Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary Human Factors for Crew Interlaces in Space HOLT, S. S. 506.63.44 W85.70234 506-57-27 W85-70194 High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, Interpretation KERN, F. A. EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements and Theoretical Studies Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the for Data and Functional Interfaces) 385-46-01 W85-70452 NASA Equipment Management System 199-61-41 W85-70441 323-52-60 W85-70266 HOLTON, E. M. U, F. K. Biological Adaptation KERWlN, J. P. Scatterometer Research 199-40-32 W85-70428 Interdisciplinary Research 161-80-39 W85-70362 199-90-71 W85.70447 HUBER, W. G. gANG, R. H. KETTERER, D. T. Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy Operations Support Computing Technology 906-75-00 W85-70579 Tubes for Structural Applications 310-40-26 W85-70553 482-53-25 W85-70598 HUGHES, J. E. KEY, C. F. SDV/Advanced Vehicles LIEBRECHT, P. Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 906-65-04 W85-70572 323-51-05 W85-70263 Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) HUNTRESS, W. T. KIRK, J. V. 310-20-39 W85-70544 Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements Low-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 147-16-01 W85-70282 505-42.51 W85.70066 LITVAK, M. M. KNOTr, W. M. Jupiter and Terrestrial Magnetosphere-lonosphera HUNTRESS, W. T., JR. Biological Adaptation Interaction Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models 442-36-55 W85-70461 154-60-80 W85-70318 199-40-33 W85-70429 KOCK, B. M. UU, W. T. Aeronomy: Chemistry Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes 154-75-80 W85-70319 505-43-81 W85-70082 161-80-15 W85-70359 HMRD, W. J. Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital LOOMIS, W. R. Digital Signal Processing Electronic Control) Lubricant Coatings 310-30-70 W85-70552 533-02-21 W85-70112 482-53-22 W85-70596

1-66 MONITOR INDEX OWEN, J. W.

LOWELL, C.E. Manned Control of Remote Operations Propulsion Materials Technology 505-57-23 W85-70191 N 505-33-62 W85-70025 On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis LUM, H. .506-64-23 W85-70241 NACHTWEY, D. S. Optical Information Processing/Photophysics MELBOURNE, W. G. Rediobiology 506-54-11 W85.70152 Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology 199-22-71 W85-70417 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems Development NADERI, F. 505-54-61 W85-70163 161-10-03 W85-70351 Thin-Routa User Terminal Extended Network Analysis MELUGIN, R. K. 646-41-03 W85-70472 482.58-11 W85-70619 Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space NASH, D. B. LYZENGA, G.A. 506-53-41 W85-70142 Program Operations Regional Crustal Dynamics MENZlES, R. T. 151-01-70 W85-70293 692-61-02 W85-70528 Wind Measurement Assessment NEIGHBORS, A. K. 145-72-04 W85-70275 Gravity Probe-B M MEREK, E. L 188-78-41 W85-70402 Plant Research Facilities NELMS, R. MACE, W.D. 199.60-72 W85-70446 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Space Communications Technology/Antenna METZGER, A. E. 506-54-23 W85.70156 Volumetric Analysis Advanced Gamma-Rey Spectrometer 482-59-23 W85-70624 157-03-70 W85-70337 In-Space Sotid State Lidar Technology Expeflment 542-03-51 W85-70257 MACELROY, R.D. MIKKELSON, D. C. CELSS Development High Thrust/Weight Technology NELSON, H. G. 199.61-12 W85.70438 505-40-64 W85-70056 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental MACK, L M. Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis Effects in Metals and Composites Boundary-Layer Stability and Transition Research 505-40.64 W85-70059 505-33-21 W85-70018 505-31-15 W85.70006 MILLER, B. A. NELSON, R. W. MAGLIERI, D.J. Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics Data Systems Information Technology High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating 505.31-04 W85-70003 506-58-16 W85-70201 Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and MILLER, E. F. Systems Engineering and Management Technology Materials Technology Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 310-40-49 W85-70557 505-43-43 W85-70077 643-10-01 W85-70466 NEUGEBAUER, M. MAH, R.W. MOLINA, M. J. Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-lnvesth]ator Support Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) Atmospheric Photochemist_ 156-03-03 W85-70330 Gravity Research 147-22-02 W85-70286 199-80-32 W85-70444 Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development MALLERY, W.E. MONDT, J. F. 157-04-80 W85-70343 Space Station Data System Analysis/Architecture Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology 506-55-65 W65-70175 Solar and Heliosphedc Physics Data Analysis Study 385-38-01 W85-70449 506-64-17 W85-70239 MONTEGANI, Fo J. NEWBURN, R. MARGOZZI, A. Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base International Halley Watch ARC Multi-Program Support for Climate Research Support 156-02-02 W85-70327 672-50-99 W85-70485 505-36.42 W85-70046 MASERJIAN, J. MONTEMERLO, M. D. NEWBURN, R. L, JR. Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Support for the Committee on Human Factors of the Giotto Halley Modelling Research and Technology National Academy of Science 155-03-01 W85-70328 506-54.15 W85-70153 505-35-10 W85-70035 NEWCOMB, J. F. MASON, P.V. Human Factors in Space Systems PACE Flight Experiments Spacelab 2 Superfluid Helium Experiment 506-57-20 W85-70189 179-00-00 W85-70366 542-03-13 W85-70253 MOORE, R. L NEWMAN, C. R. MASSENBERG, S.E. Laboratory and Theory Attitude/Orbit Technology Graduate Program in Aeronautics 188-38-53 W85-70387 310-10-26 W85-70536 505-36-23 W85-70044 MOREA, S. F. NIEMANN, H. B. JIAFS Base Support Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology Planetary Atmosphere Expenment Development 505-3643 W65-70047 506-60-19 W85-70211 157-04-80 W85-70341 MASSEY, J.W. MORELLO, S. A. NJOKU, E. G. Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable Flight Management Microwave Remote Sensing of Oceanographic Materiels 505-35-13 W85-70037 Parameters 482-53-29 W85-70600 161-40-03 W85-70354 MAYO, R.E. MORGAN, H. G. Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station Aaroacoustics Research NOCK, K. Focused Technology 505-31-33 W85-70009 Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 482-61-47 W85-70629 MORRIS, C. E. K., JR. 506-62-25 W85-70218 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) 482-64-30 W85-70630 505-45-83 W85-70101 MCCALEB, F.W. MORRISON, D. R. 0 Data Processing Technology Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's 310-40-46 W85-70556 Support OGILVIE, K. W. MCCLEESE, D. Jo 179-13-72 W85-70368 Particles and Particle/Field Intara_s Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development MOSELEY, E. C. 442-36-55 W85-70460 157-04-80 W85-70342 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal OLIVER, B. -MCCOY, J.E. Studies) The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SEn) Electrodynamic Tether:. Power/Thrust Generation 199-11-21 W85-70409 199-50.62 W85-70437 906-70-29 W85-70577 MROZ, T. S. OLLENDORF, S. MCCREIGHT, C.R. SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research 506-55-62 W85-70174 Scientific Instruments 506-54-21 W85-70154 Thermal Management 506-55.86 W85-70183 MCGARRY, F.E. 506-55-82 W85-70182 Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition Software Engineudng Technology MUMMA, M. and Transport for Space Station Users 310-10-23 W85-70535 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components 482-55-86 W85-70614 MClNTOSH, R. and Lidar Research end Technology ONDRUS, P. J. Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Expeciment 506-54-26 W85-70158 Mission Operations Technology (Temp A) 310-40-45 W85-70555 542-03.63 W85-70258 MUMMA, M. J. MCKENZlE, R. L Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary ORMES, J. F. Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition Entry Vehicle Laser PhotodiagnostJce Astronomy 506-51-14 W85-70129 157-05-50 W85-70344 Studies MCNEIL, J.A. Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy 188-45-56 W85-70394 Radio Systems Development 188-41-55 W85-70393 ORTON, G. S. 310-20-66 W85-70548 MURRAY, N. D. Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures MCSWAIN, G.G. Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data 154-40-80 W85-70316 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements Processing OWEN, J. W. 906-63-30 W85-70566 506-58-13 W85-70199 High Capacitance Thermal Transport System MEINTEL, A. J., JR. MUSlCK, H. B. 506-55-89 W85-70185 Automation Systems Research Shortgrass Steppe . Long-Term Ecological Research Manned Module Thermal Management System 506-54.63 W85-70164 677-26-02 W85-70500 482-56.89 W85-70616

1-67 PARK, Y. H. MONITOR INDEX

Aircraft Support - Tropical Forest Dynamics P Q 677-27-04 W85-70504 SAMONSKI, F. H. PARK, Y. H. QUINN, A. Automated Subsystems Management New Application Concepts and Studies Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital 506-54-67 W85-70166 643-10.02 W85-70469 Servicing Technology Advanced Life Support Systems Technology PARKER, J. A. 482-52-29 W85-70595 506-64-37 W85-70247 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs Composites 906-54-62 W85-70561 505-33-31 W85-70020 R Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support Systems PAWLOWSKI, J. F. 482-64-37 W85-70632 Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning RAMATY, R. SANDLER, H. System Technology Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems 906-80-14 W85-70589 Plasmas Cardiovascular Physiology 199-21-12 W85-70410 PEAKE, D. J. 441-06-01 W55-70453 SAROHIA, V. Aeronautics Graduate Research Program RAMLER, J. R. Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement 505-36-21 W85-70042 New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory 505-31-55 W85-70013 Interdisciplinary Technology - Funds for Independent Filings SAXTON, D. R. Research (Aeronautics) 643-10.02 W85-70468 Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) 505-90-28 W85-70103 Advanced Studies 650-60-26 W85-70477 906-63-03 W86-70564 Interdisciplinary Technology .- Fund for Independent SCHNEIDER, V. S. RANKIN, J. G. Research (Space) Bone Physiology Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems 506.90-21 W85-70248 199-22-31 W85-70413 506-55-87 W85-70184 PELLETIER, R. SCHNEIDER, W. C. Soil Delineation Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space Station Deployable Truss Structure 677-26-01 W85-70499 482-53°47 W85-70602 482-56-67 W85-70615 PENNER, C. D. SCHULTZ, S. D. REINMANN, J. J. Avanced Life Support Image Processing Capability Upgrade Rotorcraft Icing Technology 199-61-31 W85-70440 677-80-22 W85-70522 505-42-98 W85-70069 SCHWARTZ, J. J. PIETERSON, D. L Icing Technology Terrestrial Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 505-45-64 W85-70097 Network Systems Technology Development 677-25-99 W85-70498 310-20-33 W85-70542 REYNOLDS, R. T. PETERSON, V. L. The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites SCOTT, C. D. Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid 151-02-60 W85-70297 Aerebraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield Technology Development Dynamics RHOAOES, C. E., JR. 506-61-17 W85-70130 505-31-01 W85-70001 Central Computer Facility Computational and Experimental Aarothermodynamics 505.37.41 W85-70053 SEFIC, W. J. 506-51-11 W85-70127 RICHMOND, R. J. Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) 533-02-81 W85-70119 PHINHEY, W. C. Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion SIEKANINA, 7_ Planetary Geology 506-60-49 W85-70214 Extended Atmospheres 151-01.20 W85-70291 RICKMAN, D. L 154-80-80 W85-70321 Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain Early Crustal Genesis Giotto PIA Co-I 677-41-13 W85-70508 152-19-40 W88-70309 156-03-04 W85-70331 RIND, D. Mars Data Analysis Giotto Didsy Co-I Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas 156-20-40 W85-70325 156-03-07 W85-70333 Distribution PICKETT, H. M. 176-10-03 W85-70363 SHARP, J. C. Sensor Research and Technology Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Climatological Stratospheric Modeling 506-54.25 W95-70157 505-35-11 W85-70036 673-61-07 W85-70489 Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety PI13"MAN, R. B. ROBBINS, D. E. 505-35-21 W85-70038 Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone Submillimeter Astronomy 147-11-05 W85-70277 Piloted Simulation Technology 159-41-01 W85-70347 505-35-31 W85-70039 ROBERTS, B. B. Space Human Factors PLOTKIN, Ho Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 506-57-21 W85-70190 Space Station Customer Data System Focused and Manned GEO Objectives Technology 906-63-06 W85-70565 Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life Support 482-58-16 W85-70621 ROBERTS, J. A. 506-64-31 W55-70246 POLLACK, J. B° NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality Ames Research Center Initiatives Theoretical Studies of Planetaw Bodies Assurance Seminars 199-90-72 W85-70448 151-02-60 W85-70295 323-51-90 W85-70265 Human Behavior and Performance Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and ROBERTS, W. T. 482-52-21 W85-70593 History Advanced Solar Physics Concepts - Advanced Solar 154-10-60 W65-70313 Observatory Space Station Focused Technology EVA 188-78-38 W85-70401 Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and 482-61-41 W85.70628 Clouds ROCK, B. N. Platform Systems/Life Support Technology Arid Lands Geobotany 672-32-99 W85-70484 482-64-31 W85-70631 677-42.09 W85-70512 POPE, A. T. Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems RORUCKI, W. J. Human Engineering Methods 482-64-41 W85-70633 505-35-93 W85-70040 Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager SHERMAN, A. Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles POTTER, A. E. 154-90-80 W86-70322 In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard Orbital Debris RUSSELL, P. Support 906-75-22 W86-70581 506-64-26 W85-70243 Upper Atmospheric Measurements POULOS, P. N. 147-14-99 W85-70281 SHORT, N. M. Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol Characteristics, Genesis and Evolu_on of Terrestrial Space Vehicles Climatic Effects Landforms 506-58-17 W85-70202 672-21-99 W85-70482 677-60-27 W85-70523 PRASAD, S. S. RYAN, R. S. SIEMERS, P. M. Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) 186-41-53 W95-70391 Synthesis Methods 506-63-32 W85-70227 506-53-59 W85.70150 Shuttle Tethered Aarothermodynamic Research Facility Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport RYSAVY, G. 673-41-13 W85-70487 (STARFAC) Satellite Servicing Program Plan 906-70.16 W85-70575 PRESTON, R. A. 906-75-50 W85-70584 SEVERS, G. K. VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) 155-04-80 W85-70324 505-45-58 W85-70098 41OR, E. J. S Advanced Turboprop Technology Mathematics for Engineering and Science 535.03-12 W85-70125 505.31-83 W85-70015 SADER, S. A. Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme SlVERTSON, W. Eo Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) 677-27.01 W85.70501 FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction 505-60-28 W55-70102 Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 542.03-14 W85-70254 PUTNEY, B. H. 677-27-02 W85-70502 SMITH, A. M. Geodyn Program Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) 676-30-01 W85-70492 677-27-03 W85-70503 879-11-41 W85-70533

1-68 MONITOR INDEX WILLIAMS, J. R.

SMITH, B. F. STUDER, P. A. TRUSZKOWSKI, W. F. Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems Ground Control Human Factors 151.01 -60 W65-70292 Technology 506-57-26 W85-70193 SMITH, D. B. 506-62-26 W85-702 t 9 Human-to-Machine Interface Technology Information Data Systems (IDS) STYLES, F. J. 310-40-37 W86-70554 Human Factors Facilities Operations 506-58-15 W85-70200 TURNER, P. R. 505-35-81 W85-70041 SMITH, D. E. Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) SWANSON, P. N. 506-64-15 W85-70238 Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development 692-05-05 W85-70524 TWIGG, J. M. 506-53-45 W85-70144 Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study SWENSON, B. L 693-05-05 W85-70530 906-63-39 W85-70569 Spacecraft Systems Analysis- Study of Large SMITH, E. J. Deployable Reflector In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary 506-62-21 W85-70215 Magnetic Fields V SYDNOR, R. L 157-03-70 W85-70338 Frequency and Timing Research Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data 310-10-62 W85-70540 VALERO, F. P. J. Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory Analysis SYMONS, E. P. 442-20-01 W85-70456 Research Spacecraft Technology ExPeriments (CFMF) 196-41-67 W85-70406 Advanced Magnetometer 506-62-42 W85-70220 676-59-75 W85-70497 VALGORA, M. E. SMITH, E. K. T Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion Propagation Studies and Measurements Requirements 643-10-03 W85-70470 506-64-12 W85-70235 TALBO'I'r, J. J. SMITH, H. E. Automated Power System Control Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies 482-55-72 W86-70610 Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 643-10-01 W85-70467 906-80-11 W85-70587 VEDDER, J. F. TANNER, T. A. SMITH, P. H. Airborne IR Spectrometry Psychology Computer Science Research 147-12-99 W85-70279 199-22-62 W85-70416 506-54-56 W85-70161 VENNERI, S. L. TAYLOR, H. A., JR. SNYDER, C. T. Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics Viscous Flows Extended Atmospheres 506-53-40 W85-70141 154-80.80 W85-70320 505-31-11 W85-70004 TAYLOR, I- W. VOIGT, S. J. Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics Spacecraft Controls and Guidance Reliable Software Development Technology 505-31-21 W85-70007 505.37-13 W85-70051 506-57-13 W85-70186 Test Methods and Instrumentation Space Station Control and Guidance?integrated Control Engineering Data Management and Graphics 505-31-51 W66-70011 Systms Analysis 505-37-23 W86-70052 Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research 482-57-13 W85-70617 VONTIESlENHAUSEN, G. F. and Technology THALLER, L H. Tether Applications in Space 505.42.11 W85.70060 Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 906-70-00 W86-70574 Powered Lift Research and Technology 505.43-01 W85-70070 506-55-52 W85-70172 THEISlNGER, P. High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics W 505-43-1 t W85-70072 Power Systems Management and Distribution - Environmental Interactions Research and Technology Rotorcraft Systems Integration WALBERG, G. D. 506-55-75 W85-70178 532-06-11 W85-70105 Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics THEISlNGER, P. C. Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program 506-51-13 W85-70128 Power System Control and Modelling Support WALLGREN, K. R. 482-55-75 W85-70611 532-09-11 W85-70108 Erasable Optical Disk Buffer THOMAS, D. T. Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight 506-58-10 W85-70196 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Research Program/YAV-6B WANG, T. G. Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 533-02-51 W85-70116 Development of a Shuffle Flight Experiment: Drop (DBMS/MMA) SOKOLOSKI, M. M. Dynamics Module 506-58.19 W85-70204 Advisory Group on Electron Devices (AGED) 542-03-01 W85-70251 THOMPSON, T. W. 506-54-10 W85-70151 Microgravity Science and Application Supped Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations SOKOLOWSKI, D. E. 179-40-62 W85-70376 677-47-07 W85-70515 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) WEBSTER, C. R. Project THOMPSON, W. E. Balloon-Some Laser In-Situ Sensor 533-04-12 W85-70121 Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment 147-11-07 W85-70278 906-55-61 W85.70563 SOLOMON, J. E. WEBSTER, W. J., JR. THORPE, T. E. Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of the Asteroids Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Using the ViA 506.54-55 W85.70160 159-38-01 W85-70345 196-41-51 W85-70404 SONNABEND, D. TOLIVAR, A. F. WEEKS, D. J. Semi Drag Free Gradiometry Fundamental Conb'ol Theory and Analytical Muffi.100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems 676-30-05 W85-70493 Techniques 506-55.79 W85-70180 SOUZA, K. A. 506-57-15 W85-70187 Automated Power Management Developmental Biology TOLSON, R. H. 482-55-79 W85-70613 199-40-22 W85-70427 Muitidieciptinary Analysis and Optimization for Large WEINBERG, M. C. SOUYRES, S. W. Space Structures Glass Research Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Satellites 506-53-53 W85-70147 179-14-20 W85-70369 151-05-80 W85-70300 TOON, O. B. WEISSKOPF, M. C. STATON, L. D. Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices X-Ray Astronomy Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection 154-30-80 W85-70315 188-46-59 W85-70398 505-45-18 W85-70089 Aerosol Formation Models WELKER, J. E. STEERS, L L 672-31-99 W85-70483 Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support 692-61-03 W85-70529 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 TOTH, R. A. (AFTI/F-111 ) Lithospheric Investigations Program Support Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Support of 533-02-11 693-61-03 W85-70532 W85-70111 Stratospheric Measurements STEIN, I. 147-23-08 W85-70287 WELl.MAN, J. B. Advanced Electrochemical Systems IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) 506-55-55 W85-70173 TREUHAFT, R. N. 157-03-70 W85-70340 Radio Metric Technology Development STELLA, P. M. WENGER, N. C. High Performance Solar Array Research and 310.10-60 W85-70538 Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation Technology TRICHEL, M. C. 505-40-14 W85-70055 506-55-45 W86-70170 Global Inventory Technology - Sampling and WHITNEY, W. M. STIEPHENSON, F. Measurement Considerations Network Hardware and Software Development Tools Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology 677-62-02 W85-70519 310-40-72 W85-70558 Interegency Support TRINH, E. H. WILLIAM, J. R. 506-60-10 W85-70209 Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: Containedess Processing STEWART, R. H. Physical Properties of Undercooled Melts and 179-80-30 W85-70378 Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation WILLIAMS, J. R. 161-80-01 W85-70358 179-20-55 W85-70371 MPS AR & DA Support STICKLE, J. W. TROMBKA, J. L 179-40-62 W85-70375 Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition BioseperaUon Processes 505-46-13 W85-70086 157-03-50 W85-70335 179-80-40 W85-70379

1-69 MONITOR/NDEX WILLIS, E. A.

Solidification Processes 179-80-60 W85-70381 Crystal Growth Process 179-80-70 W85-70362 WILLIS, E. A. Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology 505-40-68 W85-70057 WILSON, D. D. Satellite Communications Technology 310-20-38 W85-70543 WlNN, C. F. ERS-t Phase B Study 151-40-11 W85-70355 WOICESHYN, P. M. Global Seasat Wind Analysis and Studies 146-66-02 W85-70272 WOO, R. Radio Analysis of Interplanetary Scintillations 442-20-01 W85-70455 WORLUND, A. L Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Technology 525-02.19 W85.70250 WORTMAN, J. Agency-Wide Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action System (MR/CAS) 323-53-80 W85-70269 WRIGHT, H. T. Laminar Flow Integration 505-45-63 W85-70100 WRIGHT, R. NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator 323-53-08 W85-70267 WU, S. T. Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometar 677-27-20 W85-70505 Y

YAMARI_E, C. A. R_lr_ Mis_n S_ - T_x 161-10-01 W85-70350 YEOMANS, D. K. Giotto Ephemeris Support 156-O3-02 W85-70329 YODER, C. F. Lithospheric Structure and Mechanics 693-61-02 W85-70531 YOUNG, D. R. Phys_ogy 199-22-32 W85-70414 YOUNG, R. E. Dynamics of Planetary Atmospl'_es 154-20-80 W85-70314 Stratospheric Dynamics 673-61-99 W85-70490 YUEN, J. H. Communication Systems Research 310-20-71 W85-70551 YUNCK, T. P. Earth O¢oit_ Tracking Systa_n Developmem 310-10-61 W85-70539 Z

ZOBY, E. V. Shuttle Infrared Leesioe Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 506-63-34 W85-70228 ZUREK, R. W. Mesosphedc-Stratospherio Waves 673-61-02 W85-70488

1-70 RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX

RTOP SUMMARY FISCAL YEAR 1985

Typical Responsible NASA Organization index Listing I NASA I

Low.Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations Space Shuttle Orbiter Flying Qualities Criteria (OEX) 505-42-81 W85-70066 506-63-40 W85-70232 Powered Lift Research and Technology Platform Systems Research and Technology Crew/Life 505-43-01 W85-70070 Support A;lnee Research Center, Moffett Field, Cellf_^.o ;.cJ,,;._ .I Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid High-Alpha Aerodynamics and Flight Dynamics 506-64-31 W85-70246 Dynamics 505-43-11 W85-70072 Interdisciplinary Technology -- Fund for Independent 505-31-01 W85-70001 Interagency Assistance and Testing Research (Space) 506-90-21 W86-70248 505-43-31 W85-70075 Airborne IR Spectrometry Facility Upgrade 147-12-99 W85-70279 505-43-60 W85-70079 Upper Atmospheric Measurements High-Speed Wind-Tunnel Operations 147-14-99 W85-70281 Ill 505-43-61 W85-70080 Quantitative infrared Spectroscopy Of Minor Flight Support Constituents of the Earth's Stratosphere 505-43-71 W85-70081 147-23°99 W85-70286

Hypersonic Aeronautics Technology Planetology: Aeolian Processes on Planets Listings in this index are arranged alphabetically by 505-43-81 W85-70082 151-01-60 W85-70292 Responsible NASA Organization. The title of the Operational Problems Fireworthiness and Theoretical Studies of Planetary Bodies RTOP provides the user with a brief description of Crashworthiness 151-02-60 W85-70295 505-45-11 W85-70085 Formation, Evolution, and Stability of Protosteltar the subject matter. The accession number denotes Configuration/Propulsion - Aerodynamic and Acoustics Disks the number by which the citation and the technical Integration 151-02-60 W85-70296 summary can be located within the Summary 505-45-41 W85-70095 The Structure and Evolution of Planets and Satellites Laminar Flow Integration Technology (Leading Edge 151-02-60 W85-70297 Section. The titles are arranged under each Flight Test and VSTFE) NASA-Ames Research Center Vertical Gun Facility Responsible NASA Organization in ascending 505-45-61 W85-70099 151-02-60 W85-70298 accession number order. Interdisciplinary Technology. Funds for Independent Studies of Planetary Rings Research (Aeronautics) 151-05-60 W85-70299 505-90-28 W85-70103 Geologic Studies of Outer Solar System Sataltitas Rotorcraft Systems Integration 151-05-80 W85-70300 A 532-06-11 W85-70105 Planetary Materials-Carbonaceous Meteorites RSRA/X-Wing Rotor Flight Investigation 152-13-60 W85-70305 532-09-10 W85-70107 Planetary Atmospheric Composition, Structure, and Amel Research Center, Moffett Field, Calif. Advanced Tilt Rotor Research and JVX Program History Computational Methods and Applications in Fluid Support 154-10-80 W85-70313 Dynamics 532-09-11 W85-70108 Dynamics of Planeta_J Atmospheres 505-31-01 W85-70001 F-19 High Angle of Attack Flight Research 154-20-80 W85-70314 Viscous Flows 533-02-01 W85-70109 Planetary Clouds Particulates and Ices 505-31-11 W85-70004 Advanced Fighter Technology Integration/F-111 154-30-80 W85.70315 Experimental/Theoretical Aerodynamics (AFTI/F.111) Planetary Lightning and Analysis of Voyager 505-31-21 W85-70007 533-02-11 W85-70111 Observations and Aerosols and Ring Particles Computational Flame Radiation Research Advanced Fighter Aircraft (F-15 Highly Integrated Digital 154-90-80 W85-70322 505-31-41 W85-70010 Electronic Control) Physical and Dynamioal Modele of the Climate on Test Methods and Instrumentation 533-02-21 W85-70112 Mars 505-31-51 W85-70011 F-4C Spanwise Blowing Flight Investigations 155-04-80 W85-70323 Life Prediction: Fatigue Damage and Environmental 533-02-31 W85-70113 Study of Large Deployable Reflector for Infrared and Effects in Metals and Composites Powered Lift Systems Technology - V/STOL Flight Submillimetar Astronomy 505-33.21 W85-70018 Research Program/YAV-8B 159-41-01 W85-70347 Polymers for Laminated and Filament-Wound 533-02-51 W85-70116 GTE CV-990 Measurements Composites Advanced Fighter Techno|ogy Intagration/F-16 176-20-99 W85-70364 505-33.31 W85-70020 533-02-61 W85-70117 Theoretical Studies of Galaxies, Active Galactic Nuclei Flight Load Analysis Decoupier Pylon Flight Evaluation The interstellar Medium, Molecular clouds 505-33.41 W85-70022 533-02-71 W85.70119 188-41-53 W85-70392 Applied Flight Control Forward Swept Wing (X-29A) Planetary Astronomy and Supporting Laboratory 505-34.01 W85.79027 533-02-81 W85-70119 Research Advanced Controls and Guidance Oblique Wing Research Aircraft 196-41-67 W85-70406 505-34-11 W95-70029 533-02-91 W85-70120 Detection of Other PIanatary Systems Aircraft Controls: Reliability Enhancement Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS)Program 196-41-68 W85-70407 505-34-31 W85-70033 536-01-11 W85-70126 Cardiovascular Physiology Flight Management System - Pilot/Control Interface Computational and Experimental Aerothermedynamics 199-21-12 W85-70410 505-35-11 W85-70036 506-51-11 W85-70127 Neurophysiology Human Performance Affecting Aviation Safety Entry Vehicle Laser PhotodiagnostJcs 199-22-22 W85-70412 505-35-21 W85-70038 506-51-14 W85-70129 Bone Physiology Piloted Simulation Technology Thermo-Gasdynamic Test Complex Operations 199-22-32 W85-70414 505-35-31 W85-70039 506-51-41 W85-70132 Muscle Physiology Human Factors Facilities Operations Surface Physics and Computational Chemistry 199-22-42 W85-70418 505-35-81 W85-70041 506-53-11 W85-70133 Psychology Aeronautics Graduate Research Program Thermal Protection Systems Materials and Systems 199-22.62 W85-70416 505.36-21 W85-70042 Evaluation Biosphedc Modelling Joint Institute for Aeronautics and Aeroacoustics 506-53-31 W85-70139 199-30.12 W85-70418 (JIAA) Technology for Large Segmented Mirrors in Space Atmosphere/Biosphere Interactions 505-36-41 W85-70045 506-53-41 W85-70142 199-30-22 W85.70419 Advanced Computational Concepts and Concurrent Optical information Prosessing/Pbotophysics Terrestrial Bieiogy Processing Systems 506-54-11 W86-70152 199-30-32 W85-70421 505-37-01 W85-70049 Far IR Detector, Cryogenics, and Optics Research Ocean Ecology Central Computer Facility 506-54-21 W85.70154 199-30-42 W85-70424 805-37-41 W85-70053 Advanced Concepts for Image-Based Expert Systems Instrument Development Rotorcraft Aeromechanics and Performance Research 506-54-61 W86-70163 199-30-52 W86-70425 and Technology Space Human Factors Gravity Perception 505-42-11 W85-70060 506-87-21 W85-70190 19g-40-12 W86-70426 Rotorcraft Guidance and Navigation Advanced Technologies for Spaceborne Information Developmental Biology 505-42-41 W85-70062 Systems 199-40-22 W86-70427 RSRA Flight Research/Rotors 506-58-11 W85-70197 Biological Adaptation 505-42-51 W85-70063 Spacecraft Systems Analysis - Study of Large 199.40-32 W85-70428 Flight Test Operations Deployable Reflector Chemical Evolution 505-42-61 W55-70064 506-62-21 W85-70215 199-50-12 W85-70430 Simulation Facilities OperatiOns DE× Thermal Protection Experiments Organic Geochemistry 505-42-71 W55-70065 506-63-39 W85-70231 199-50-22 W85-70433

1-71 Hugh L. Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif. RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX

Origin and Evolution of Life Advanced Earth Orbital Spacecraft Systems Sounding Rocket Experiments (High Energy 199-50-32 W85-70434 Technology Astrophysics) Solar System Exploration 506-62.26 W85-70219 879-11-46 W85-70534 199-50-42 W85-70435 Dynamic, Acoustic, and Thermal Environments (DATE) Software Engineering Technology Life in the Universe Experiment (Transportation Technology Vedfication--OEX 310-10-23 W85-70535 199-50-52 W85-70436 Program) Attitude/Orbit Technology 506-63-36 W85-70229 The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) 310-10-26 W85-70536 In-Space Fluid Management Technology - Goddard 199-50-62 W85-70437 Precismn Time and Frequency Sources Support 310-10-42 W85-70537 CELSS Development 506-64-26 W85-70243 199-61-12 W85-70438 Network Systems Technology Development Seperfluid Helium On-Ofibt Transfer Demonstration 310-20.33 W85- 70542 CELSS Demonstration 542-03.06 W85-70252 199-61.22 W95-70439 Capillary Pumped Loop/Hitchhiker Flight Experiment Satellite Communications Technology 310-20-38 W85-70543 Extended Data Analysis (Tamp A) 199-70-41 W85-70442 542-03.53 W85-70258 Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Tracking of Data Base Development Upper Atmosphere Reseemh - Field Measurements the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) 199-70-52 W85-70443 147-11-00 W85-70276 310-20-39 W95.70544 Vestibular Research Facility (VRF)/Variable (VGRF) Small Mars Volcanoes, Knobby Terrain and the Advanced Space Systems for Users of NASA Gravity Research Boundary Scarp Networks t 99-80.32 W85-70444 151-02-50 W85-70294 310-20-46 W85-70545 Large Pdmate Facility A Laboratory Investigation of the'Formation, Properties Operations Support Computing Technology 199-80-52 W85-70445 and Evolution of Presoler Grains 310-40.26 W55-70553 152-12-40 W85-70303 Plant Research Facilities Human-to-Machine interface Technology 199-80-72 W85-70446 Planetary Aeronomy: Theory and Analysis 310-40-37 W85-70554 154-60-80 W85-70317 Ames Research Center Initiatives Mission Operations Technology Extended Atmospheres 199-90-72 W85-70448 310-40-45 W85- 70555 154-80-80 W85-70320 Data Processing Technology Magnetospheric Physics - Particles and Particle/Field The Large Scale Phenomena Program of the 310-40-46 W85-70556 Interaction Interna_onel Halley Watch (IHW) Systems Engineering and Management Technology 442-36-99 W85-70464 156.02-02 W85-70326 310-40-49 W85-70557 Long Term Applications Research Giotto, Magnetic Field Experiments Space Energy Conversion - Two Phase Heat Acquisition 668-37-99 W85-70481 156-03-05 W85-70332 and Transport for Space Station Users Aerosol and Gas Measurements Addressing Aerosol X-Gamma Neutron Gamma/Instrument Definition 482-55-66 W85-70614 Climatic Effects 157-03.50 W85-70335 672-21-99 W85-70482 Space Station Customer Data System Focused Planetary Atmosphere Experiment Development Technology Aerosol Formation Models 157-04-80 W85-70341 672-31-99 W85-70483 482-58-16 W85-70621 Planetary Instrument Development Program/Planetary Climate Modeling with Emphasis on Aerosols and Astronomy Clouds 157-05-50 W85-70344 J 672-32-99 W85-70484 Airborne Lidar for OH and NO Measurement ARC Multi.Program Support for Climate Research 176-40-14 W85-70365 Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Pasadena, Calif. 672-50.99 W85-70485 Ground-Based Observations of the Sun Boundary-Layar Stability and Transition Research Stratospheric Dynamics 188-38-52 W85-70384 505.31-15 W85-70006 673-61-99 W85-70490 Infrared and Sub-Millimeter Astronomy Three-Dimensional Velocity Field Measurement Terrestdal Ecosystems/Biogeochemical Cycling 188-41-55 W85-70393 505-31-55 W85-70013 677-25-99 W85-70498 Particle Astrophysics and Experiment Definition Clear Air Turbulence Studies Using Passive Microwave Long Term Applications Joint Research in Remote Studies Radiometers Sensing 188-46-56 W85-70394 505 -45-15 W85 -70088 677-63-99 W85-70520 Gamma Ray Astronomy Fundamentals of Mechanical Behavior of Composite Human Behavior and Performance 188-46-57 W85.70396 Matrices and Mechanisms of Corrosion in Hydrazine 482-52-21 W85-70593 Passive Microwave Remote Sensing Of the Asteroids 506-53-15 W85-70135 Extended Network Analysis Using the VIA Effects of Space Environment on Composites 482-58-1 t W85-706t 9 196-41-51 W85-70404 506-53-25 W85.70137 Space Station Focused Technology EVA Hydrodyn Studies Large D_oioyable Reflector (LDR) Panel Development Systems/Advanced EVA Operating Systems 196-41-54 W85-70405 506-53-45 W85-70144 482-61-41 W85-70628 High Energy Astrophysics: Data Analysis, interpretation Space Vehicle Dynamics Methodology Platform Systems/Life Support Technology and Theoretical Studies 506.53-55 W85-70148 482-64-31 W85-70631 385-46-01 W85.70452 Solid State Device and Atomic and Molecular Physics Space Station Focused Technology EVA Systems Energetic Particle Acceleration in Solar Systems Research and Technology 482-64-41 W85-70633 Plasmas 506-54-15 W85-70153 441-06.01 W85-70453 Sensor Research and Technology H Data Analysis - Space Plasma Physics 506-54-25 W85-70157 442-20-02 W85-70458 Computer Science Research and Technology: Software Particles and Particle/Field Interactions Hugh L Dryden Right Research Center, Edwards, Image Data/Concurrent Solution Methods 442-36-55 W85-70460 506-54-55 W85-70160 Calif. Particle and Particle/Photon Interactions (Atmospheric Structural Analysis and Synthesis Automation Technology for Planning, Telecperation and Robotics 506-53-51 W85-70146 Magnetosphedc Coupling) 442-36-56 W85-70469 506-54-65 W85-70165 Sounding Rockets: Space Plasma Physics Electric Propulsion Systems Technology G Experiments 506-55-25 W85-70168 445-11-36 W85-70465 High Performance Solar Array Research and Goddard Inst. for Space Studies, New York. Geopotentiel Fields (Magnetic) Technology Global Tropospheric Modeling of Trace Gas 676.20-01 W85-70491 506-55-45 W85-70170 Distribution Geedyn Program Advanced Electrochemical Systems 176-10-03 W85-70363 676-30.01 W85-70492 506-55-55 W85-70173 Climatological Stratospheric Modeling Geopotential Research Mission (GRM) Studies Thermal-To-Electric Energy Conversion Technology 673-61-07 W85-70489 676-59-10 W85-70494 506-55-65 W85-70175 Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. Gravity Grediometar Program Power Systems Management and Distribution - Wallops Flight Facility Research Airport 676-59-55 W85-70496 Environmental Interactions Research and Technology 505-45-36 W85-70094 Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Terrestrial 506-55-75 W85-70178 Detectors, Sensors, Coolers, Microwave Components Landforms Fundamentel Control Theory and Analytical and Lidar Research and Technology 677-80-27 W85-70523 Techniques 506-54-26 W85-70158 Resident Research Associate (Crustal Motions) 506-57-15 W85-70187 Computer Science Research 692-05-05 W85-70524 Teleoperator Human Intarface Technology 506-54-56 W85-70161 Crustal Motion System Studies 506-57-25 W85-70192 Advanced Power System Technology 692-59-01 W85-70525 Information Data Systems (IDS) 506-55-76 W85-70179 Regional Crust Deformation 506-58-15 W85-70200 Thermal Management for Advanced Power Systems and 692-61.01 W85-70527 Deep Space and Advanced Comsat Communications Scientific instruments Crustal Deformation Investigations Program Support Technology 506-55-86 W85-70183 692-61-03 W85-70529 506-56.25 W85-70207 Ground Control Human Factors Resident Research Associate (Earth Dynamics) Planetary Spacecraft Systems Technology 506-57-26 W85-70193 693-05-05 W85-70530 506-62-25 W85-70218 Data Systems information Technology Lithospheric Investigations Program Support Large Space Structures Ground Test Techniques 506-58-16 W85-70201 693-61.03 W85-70532 506-62-45 W85-70222 Laser Communications Sounding Rocket Experiments (Astronomy) Shuttle Payload Bay Environments summary 506-58-26 W85-70208 879-11-41 W85-70533 506-63-44 W85-70234

1-72 RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIXA TION INDEX Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Tex.

Autonomous Spacecraft Systems Technology Study of Large Deployable Reflectors (LDR) for Semi Drag Free Gradiometry 506-64.15 W85.70238 Astronomy Applications 676-30-05 W85-70493 Advanced Thermal Control Technology for Cryogenic 159-41-01 W85-70346 Advanced Magnetometer Propellent Storage Orbiting Very Long Bese_ne Interferometry (OVLBI) 676-59-75 W85.70497 506-64-25 W85.70242 159-41-03 W85-70348 TIMS Data Analysis Development of a Shuttle Flight Experiment: Drop Research Mission Study - Topex 677-41-03 W85-70506 Dynamics Module 161-10-01 W85-70350 Rock Weathering in Arid Environments 677-41-07 W85-70507 542-03-01 W85.70251 Advanced Earth Orbiter Radio Metric Technology Multispectral Analysis of Sedimentary Basins Spacelab 2 Supedluid Helium Experiment Development 542-03-13 W85-70253 161-10-03 W85-70351 677-41-24 W85-70509 Multispeotrsi Analysis of Ultramafic Terranes Hermetically-Seated Integrated Circuit Packages: Ocean Productivity 677-41-29 W85-70510 Definition of Moisture Standard for Analysis 161-30-02 W85-70352 323-51-03 W85-70262 Add Lands Geobotany NASA Centers Capabilities for Reliability and Quality Sea Surface Temperatures 677-42-09 W85-70512 Assurance Seminars 161-30-03 W85-70353 New Techniques for Quantitative Analysis of SAR 323-51-90 W85.70265 Microwave Remote Sen,_og of Oceanographic images Meteorological Parameters Extraction Parameters 677-46-02 W85-70513 146-66-01 W85.70271 161-46-03 W85-70354 Airborne Radar Research Global Seasat Wind Analysis end Studies ERS-1 Phase B Study 677-47.03 W85-70514 146-66-02 W85o70272 161-40-11 W85-70355 Aircraft Radar Maintenance and Operations Microwave Pressure Sounder Oceanic Remote Sensing Library 677-47-07 W85-70515 146-72-01 W85o70273 161-50-02 W85-70356 Image Processing Capability Upgrade Advanced Moisture and Temperature Sounder (AMTS) Ocean Processes Branch Scientific Program Support 677-80-22 W85-70522 146-72-02 W85-70274 161-50-03 W85-70357 GPS Positioning of a Madne Bouy for Plate Dynamics Wind Measurement Assessment Radar Studies of the Sea Surface Studies 146-72-04 W85-70276 161-60-01 W85-70356 692-59-45 W85-70526 Balloon-Borne Laser In-Situ Sensor Remote Sensing of Air-Sea Fluxes Regional Crustal Dynamics t 47-11-07 W85-70278 161-80-15 W85-70359 692-81-02 W85-70528 Microwave Temperature Profiler for the ER-2 Aircraft Thooretical/Numedcal Study of the Dynamics of Lithosphedc Structure and Mechanics for Support of Stratospheric/Tropospheric Exchange Contimetric Waves in the Ocean 693-61-02 W85-70531 Experiments 161-80-37 W85-70360 Radio Metric Technology Development 147-14-07 W85o70280 Ocean Circulation and Satellite Altimetry 310-10-60 W85-70538 Multi-Sensor Balloon Measurements 161-80-38 W85-70361 Earth Orbiter Tracking System Development t 47-16-01 W85-70282 Scatterometer Research 310-10-61 W85-70539 Chemical Kinetics of the Upper Atmosphere 161-80-39 W85-70362 Frequency and Timing Research 147-21-03 W85.70283 Glass Research 310-10.62 W85.70540 Role of the Biota in Atmospheric Constituents 179-14-20 W85-70369 Space Systems and Navigation Technology 147-21-09 W85-70284 Multlmode Acoustic Research 310-10-63 W85-70541 Photochemistry of the Upper Atmosphere 179-15-20 W85-70370 Advanced Transmitter Systems Development 147-22-01 W85-70285 Containedess Studies of Nucleation and Undercooling: 310-20-64 W85.70546 Atmospheric Photochemistxy Physical Properties of Undercootad Melts and Antenna Systems Development 147-22-02 W85.70286 Characteristics of Heterogeneous Nucleation 310-20-65 W85-70547 Infrared Laboratory Sepectroscopy in Supped of 17g-20-55 W85-70371 Radio Systems Development Stratospheric Measurements Electrostatic Containedess Processing Technology 310-20-66 W85-70548 147-23-08 W85-70287 179.20-56 W85-70372 Optical Communications Technology Development Data Survey and Evaluation Microgrevity Science and Appl_.._tion Support 310-20-67 W85-70549 147-51-02 W85-70289 179-40-62 W86-70376 DSN Monitor and Control Technology Interdisciplinary Science Support Solar Wind Motion and Structure Between 2-25 R sub 310-20-68 W86-70550 147-51-12 W85.70290 0 Communication Systems Research Program Operations 188-36-52 W85-70386 310-20-71 W85-70551 151-01-70 W85-70293 Spectrum of the Continuous Gravitational Radiation Digital Signal Processing Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Structures Background 310-30-70 W85-70562 154-40-80 W85-703 t 6 188-41-22 W66-70388 Network Hardware and Software Development Tools Aeronomy Theory and Analysis/Comet Models Gravitational Wave Astronomy and Cosmology 310-40-72 W85-70558 154-60-80 W85-70318 188-41-22 W85-70369 TMS Dexterity Enhancement by Smart Hand Aeronomy: Chemistry Signal Processing for VLF Gravitational Wave Searches 906-75-06 W85-70580 154-75-80 W85-70319 Using the DSN Multifunctional Smart End Effector Extended Atmospheres 186-41-22 W65-70390 482-52-25 W85-70594 154-80-80 W85-70321 Theoretical Interstellar Chemistry Oxygen Atom Resistant Coatings for Graphite-Epoxy VEGA Balloon and VBLI Analysis 188-41-53 W85-70391 Tubes for Structural Applications 155-04-80 W85-70324 Gamma-Ray Astronomy 482-53.25 W65-70596 International Halley Watch t 88-46-57 W85-70395 Power System Control and Modelling 156-02-02 W85-70327 X-Ray Astronomy CCD Instrumentation Development 482-85-75 W85.70611 Giotto Halley Modelling 188-46-59 W85-70399 156-03-01 W85-70328 Astrophysical CCD Development Giotto Ephemeris Support 188-78-60 W85-70403 L 156-03-02 W85-70329 Solar and Heliospherio Physics Data Analysis Giotto Ion Mass Spectrometer Co-Investigator Support 385-38-01 W65.70449 Lyndon B. Johnson Spece Center, Houston, Tex. 156-03-03 W85-70330 Solar IR High Resolution Spectroscopy from Orbit: An Advanced Information Processing System (AIPS) Atlas Free of Telludc Contamination 505-34-17 W85o70031 Giotto PIA CO-I 385-38-01 W85-70451 156-03-04 W85-70331 Radio Analysis of Intarplaneta_ Scintillations Aerobraking Orbital Transfer Vehicle Flowfield Giotto Didsy Co-I 442-20-01 W65-70455 Technology Development 506-51-17 W85-70130 156-03-07 W85-70333 Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Physics: Data Advanced CCD Camera Development Analysis Hypervelecity Impact Resistance of Composite 157-01-70 W85-70334 442-20-01 W85-70456 Materials Scanning Electron Microscope and Particle Analyzer Jupiter end Terrestrial Magnetosphere-Ionosphere 506-53-27 W85-70138 (SEMPA) Development _nteraction MicrOprocessor Controlled Mechehiam Technology 157-03-70 W85-70336 442-36-55 W85-70461 506-53-57 W85-70149 Advanced Gamma-Ray Spectrometer Theoretical Space Plasma Physics HAL/S Inter-Center Board 157-03-70 W85-70337 442-36-55 W85-70462 506-54.57 W85-70162 In-Orbit Determination of Spacecraft and Planetary Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies Automated Subsystems Management Magnetic Fields 643-10-01 W85-70467 506-54-67 W85-70166 157-03-70 W85-70338 New Application Concepts and Studies Thermal Management for On-Orbit Energy Systems Development of Dual Frequency Altimeter and 643-10-02 W85-70469 506-55-87 W85-70184 Multispectral Radar Mapper/Sounder Propagation Studies and Measurements Human Factors for Crew Interfaces in Space 157-03-70 W85-70339 643-10-03 W85o70470 506-57-27 W85o70194 Thin-Route User Terminal IR Spectral Mapper (MCALIS) 646.41-03 W85-70472 Development of a Magnetic Bubble Memory System for 157-03-70 W85-70340 Stratospheric Circulation from Remotely Sensed Space Vehicles 506-58-17 W85-70202 Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer Development Temperatures 157-04-80 W85-70342 673-41-12 W85-70486 Testing and Analysis of DOD ADA Language for Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer Development Satellite Data Interpretation, N20 and NO Transport NASA 157-04-80 W85-70343 673-41-13 W85-70487 506-58-18 W85-70203 Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Mesospheric-Stratospheric Waves OEX (Orbiter Experiments) Project Support 159-38-01 W85-70345 673-61-02 W85-70488 506-63-31 W85-70226

1-73 John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX

Space Station Data System Analysis/Architectura Telepresence Work Station Fault Tolerant Systems Research Study 906-75-41 W85-70583 505-34-13 W85-70030 506-64-17 W85-70239 Satellite Servicing Program P)an Airfab Operations Space Station Operations Technology 906-75-50 W85-70584 505-34-23 W85-70032 506-64-27 W85-70244 Operational Assessment of Propellant Scavenging and Aircraft Controls: Theory and Techniques Advanced Life Support Systems Technology Cryo Storage 505-34-33 W85-70034 906-75-52 W85-70585 506-64-37 W85-70247 Flight Management Interactive Graphics Advanced Development and Space Flight Experiment (Heat Pipe) 505-35-13 W85-70037 Applications 542-03-54 W85-70259 Human Engineering Methods 906-75-59 W85-70586 505-35-33 W85-70040 Lunar Base Power System Evaluation Data and Software Commonality on Orbital Projects 323-54-01 W85-70270 906-80-11 W85-70587 Graduate Program in Aeronautics In-Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Ozone Automated Software (Analysis/Expert Systems) 505-36-23 W85-70044 147-1 t-05 W85-70277 Development Work Station JIAFS Base Support Planetary Geology 906-80-13 W85-70588 505-36-43 W85-70047 151-01-20 W85-70291 Spacecraft Applications of Advanced Global Positioning Software Technology for Aerospace Network Computer Planetary Materials: Mineralogy and Petrology System Technology Systems 152-11-40 W85-70301 906-80-14 W85-70589 505-37-03 W85-70050 Planetary Materials: Experimental Studies Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Durable Reliable Software Development Technology 152-12-40 W85-70302 Space Materials: Long Term Space Exposure 505-37-13 W85-70051 Planetary Materials: Chemistry 482-53-27 W85-70599 Engineering Data Management and Graphics 152-13-40 W85-70304 Deployable Truss Structure 505-37-23 W85-70052 482-53-47 W85-70602 Planetary Materials: Geochronology Rotorcraft Airframe Systems t 52-14-40 W85-70306 Space Station/Orbiter Docking/Berthing Evaluation 505-42-23 W85-70061 Planetary Materials: Isotope Studies 482-53-57 W85-70605 V/STOL Fighter Technology 152-15-40 W85-70307 Regenerative Fuel Cell (RFC) Component Development 505-43-03 W85-70071 Planetary Materials: Surface and Exposure Studies Orbital Energy Storage and Power Systems 152-17-40 W85-70306 482-55-77 W85-70612 Flight Dynamics Aerodynamics and Controls 505-43-13 W85-70073 Early Crustal Genesis Thermal Management Focused Technology for Space 152-19-40 W85-70309 Station High-Speed Aerodynamics and Propulsion Integration 505-43-23 W85-70074 Planetary Materials: Preservation and Distribution 482-56-87 W85-70615 152-20-40 W85-70310 Data Systems Information Technology Interageney and Industrfa( Assistance and Testing 505-43-33 W85-70076 Planetary Materials - Laboratory Facilities 482-58-17 W85-70622 152-30-40 W85-70311 Space Station Communication and Tracking High Performance Configuration Concepts Integrating JSC General Operations - Geophysics and Technology Advanced Aerodynamics, Propulsion, and Structures and Geochemistry 482-59-27 W85-70625 Materials Technology 152-30-40 W85-70312 Advanced Extravehicular Activity System Space Station 505-43-43 W85-70077 Mars Data Analysis Focused Technology High Speed (Super/Hypersonic) Technology 155-20-40 W85-70325 482-61-47 W85-70629 505-43-83 W85-70083 EVA Portable Life Support System Technology) Bioprocessing Research Studies and Investigator's Atmospheric Turbulence Measurements - Spanwise 482-64-30 W85-70630 Support Gradient/B57-B 179-13-72 W85-70368 Focused Technology for Space Station Life Support 505-45-10 W85-70084 Crew Health Maintenance Systems Aviation Safety: Severe Storms/F-106B 199-11-11 W85-70408 482-64-37 W85-70632 505-45-13 W85-70086 Longitudinal Studies (Medical Operations Longitudinal Aircraft Landing Dynamics Studies) J 505-45-14 W85-70087 199-11-21 W65-70409 Biochemistry, Endocrinology, and Hematology (Fluid and Airborne Radar Technology for Wind-Shear Detection John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, Fla. 505-45-18 W85-70089 Electrolyte Changes; Blood Alterations) NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) Simulator 199-21-51 W85-70411 Flight Dynamics - Subsonic Aircraft 323-53-08 W65-70267 505-45-23 W85-70091 Bone Physiology Agency-WiDe Mishap Reporting and Corrective Action 199-22-31 W85-70413 Advanced Transport Operating Systems System (MR/CAS) 505-45-33 W85-70093 Radiobiology 323-53-80 W85-70269 199.22-71 W85-70417 Aerodynamics/Propulsion integration Biological Adaptation 505-45-43 W85-70096 Organic Geochemistry-Early Solar System Volatiles as 199-40-33 W85-70429 Recorded in Meteorites and Archean Samples Laminar Flow Integration Orbital Transfer Vehicle Launch Operations Study 199-50-20 W85-70432 505-45-63 W85-70100 906-63-39 W85-70569 Avanced Life Support High-Altitude Aircraft Technology (RPV) Weather Forecasting Expert System 199-61-31 W85-70440 505-45-83 W85-7010t 906-64-23 W65-70570 EVA Systems (Man-Machine Engineering Requirements Fund for Independent Research (Aeronautics) Robotics Hazardous Fluids Loading/Unloading System for Data and Functional Interfaces) 505-90-28 W85-70102 906-64-24 W85-70571 199-61-41 W85-70441 Rotorcraft Vibration and Noise Space Station Operations Language Interdisciplinary Research 532-06-13 W85-70106 482-58-18 W85-70623 199-90-71 W85.70447 High Angle-of-Attack Technology Space Plasma Laboratory Research 533-02-03 W85-70110 442.20-01 W85.70454 L Spanwise Blowing Mathematical Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 533-02-33 W85-70114 677-50-52 W85-70516 Langley Research Center, Hampton, Va. Vortex Flap Flight Experiment/F-106B 533-02-43 W85-70115 Global Inventory Technology Sampling and Computational and Analytical Fluid Dynamics Measurement Considerations 505-31-03 W85-70002 Transport Composite Primary Structures 677-62-02 W65-70519 534-06-13 W85-70123 Viscous Drag Reduction and Control Rendezvous/Proximity Operations GN&C System 505-31-13 W85-70005 Composite Materials and Structures Design and Analysis 534-06-23 W85-70124 906-54-61 W85-70560 Experimental and Applied Aerodynamics Entry Vehicle Aerothermodynamics 505-31-23 W85-70008 ECLSS Technology for Advanced Programs 506-51-13 W85-70128 906-54-62 W85-70561 Aeroacoustios Research Aerothermal Loads Advanced Space Transportation Systems - Lunar Base 505-31-33 W85-70009 506-51-23 W85-70131 and Manned GEO Objectives Test Techniques Space Durable Materials 906-63-06 W85-70565 505-31-53 W85-70012 506-53-23 W85-70136 OTV GN&C System Technology Requirements National Transonic Facility (NTF) Thermal Structures 906-63-30 W85-70566 505-31-63 W85-70014 506-53-33 W85*70140 Space Transportation System (STS) Propellant Mathematics for Engineering and Science Advanced Space Structures Scavenging Study 505-31-83 W85-700t 5 506.53-43 W85-70143 906-63-33 W85-70567 Advanced Structural Alloys Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization for Large High Altitude Atmosphere Density Model for AOTV 505-33-13 W85-70017 Space Structures Application 506.53.53 W85-70147 Life Prediction for Structural Materials 906-63-37 W85-70588 505-33-23 W85-70019 Remote Sensor System Research and Technology Application of Tether Technology to Fluid and Propellant 506-54-23 W85-70156 Composites for Airframe Structures Transfer Automation Systems Research 505-33-33 W85-70021 906-70-23 W85-70576 506-54-63 W85-70164 Electrodynamic Tether: Power/Thrust Generation Loads and Aeroetasticity Advanced Space Power Conversion and Distribution 906-70-29 W85-70577 505-33-43 W85.70023 506-55-73 W85-70177 Orbital Debris Advanced Aircraft Structures and Dynamics Spacecraft Controls and Guidance 906-75-22 W85-70581 505-33-53 W85-70024 506-57-13 W85-70186 Advanced Rendezvous and Docking Sensor Control Theory and Analysis Manned Control of Remote Operations 906-75-23 W85-70582 505-34-03 W85-70028 506-57-23 W85-70191

1-74 RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.

A Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Technology for Advanced Propulsion Instrumentation Electrodynamic Tether Materials and Device Technology General Purpose Computer (GPC) for Space 505-40-14 W85-70055 Development 906-70.30 W85-70578 Station High Thrust/Weight Technology 506-56-12 W86-70198 505-40-64 W85-70056 Resistojet Technology Data Systems Research and Technology- Onboard Data Intermittent Combustion Engine Technology 482-50-22 W85-70592 Processing 505-40-68 W85-70057 Lubricant Coatings 506-58-13 W85-70t 99 Aeronautics Propulsion Facilities Support 482-53-22 W85-70596 Multiple Beam Antenna Technology Development 505.40-74 W85-70058 Space Station Photovoltaic Energy Conversion Program for Large Aperture Deployable Reflectors Advanced Propulsion Systems Analysis 482-55-42 W86-70606 506-58-23 W85-70206 505-40-84 W85-70059 Space Station Chemical Energy Conversion and Advanced Spacecraft Systems Analysis and Conceptual Rotorcraft Propulsion Technology (Convertible Engine) Storage Design 505-42-92 W85-70067 482-55-52 W85-70608 506-62-23 W85-70217 Helicopter Transmission Technology Space Station Thermal-To-Electric Conversion Space Technology Experiments-Development of the 505-42-94 W85-70068 482-55-62 W85-70609 Hoop/Column Deployable Antenna Rotorcraft Icing Technology Automated Power System Control 506-62-43 W85-70221 505-42-98 W85-70069 482-55-72 W85-70610 Technology Requirements for Advanced Space Propulsion Technology for Hig-Performance Aircraft Advanced H/O Technology Transportation Systems 505-43-52 W85-70078 482-60-22 W85-70626 506-63-23 W85-70223 Icing Technology Entry Research Vehicle Flight Experiment Definition 505-45-54 W85-70097 M 506-63-24 W85-70224 Advanced Turboprop Technology (SRT) Shuttle Entry Air Data System (SEADS) 505-45-58 W85-70098 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. 506-63-32 W85-70227 Aeronautics Independent Research Program Support Communications Network Shuttle Infrared Leeside Temperature Sensing (SILTS) 505-90-28 W85-70104 505-37-49 W85-70054 506-63-34 W85-70228 Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology (HOST) Aviation Safety - Atmospheric Processes/B-57 Shuttle Upper Atmosphere Mass Spectrometer Project 505-45-19 W85-70090 (suMs) 533-04-12" W85-70121 Advanced Space Structures Platform Structural Concept 506-63-37 w85-7o230 Structural Ceramics for Advanced Turbine Engines Development High Resolution Accelerometer Package (HiRAP) 533-05-12 W85-70122 506-53-49 W85-70145 Experiment Development Advanced Turboprop Technology 506-63-43 W85-70233 535-03-12 W85-70125 Space Vehicle Structural Dynamic Analysis and Synthesis Methods Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for Materials Science-NDE and Tribology 506-53-59 W85-70150 Manned Orbiting Space Stations 506-53-12 W85-70134 506-64-13 W85-70236 Submillimeter Wave Backward Wave Oscillators Multi-kW Solar Arrays 506-55-49 W85-70171 Technology System Analysis Across Disciplines for 506-54-22 W85-70155 Multi-100 kW Low Cost Earth Orbital Systems Manned Orbiting Space Stations Electric Propulsion Technology 506-55-79 W85-70180 506-64-14 W85-70237 506-55-22 W85-70167 High Capacitance Thermal Transport System On-Orbit Operations Modeling and Analysis Photovoltaic Energy Conversion 506-56-89 W85.70185 506-64-23 W85-70241 506-55-42 W85-70169 Large Scale Systems Technology Control and FILE/OSTA-3 Mission Support and Data Reduction Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Guidance 542-03-14 W85-70254 506-55-52 W85-70172 506-57-19 W85-70188 Space Flight Experiments (Structures Flight SP-100 and Solar Dynamic Power Systems Experiment) 506-55-62 W85-70174 Teleoperator Human Factors 506-57-29 W85.70195 542-03-43 WB5-70255 Power Systems Management and Distribution Space Flight Experiments (Step Development) 506-55-72 W85-70176 Data Systems Technology Program (DSTP) Data Base Management System and Mass Memory Assembly 542-03-44 W85-70256 Thermal Management In-Space Solid State Lidar Technology Expedrnent 506-55-82 W85-70182 (DBMS/MMA) 506-56-19 W85-70204 542-03-51 W85-70257 Satellite Communications Research and Technology Reusable High-Pressure Main Engine Technology Long Duration Exposure Facility 506-56-22 W85-70205 506-60-19 W85-70211 542-O4-13 W85-70260 Earth-to-Orbit Propulsion Life and Performance Advanced Orbital Transfer Propulsion Non-Destructive Evaluation Measurement Assurance Technology 506-60-49 W85-70214 Program 506-60-12 W85-70210 Conceptual Characterization and Technology 323-51-66 W85-70264 Onboard Propulsion Assessment Development of the NASA Metrology Subsystem of the 506-60-22 W85-70212 506-63-29 W85-70225 NASA Equipment Management System Variable Thrust Orbital Transfer Propulsion Space Systems Analysis 323-52-60 W85-70266 506-60-42 W85-70213 506-64-19 W85-70240 PACE Flight Experiments Communication Satellite Spacecraft Bus Technology Teleoperator and Cryogenic Fluid Management 179-00-00 W85-70366 506-62-22 W85-70216 506-64-29 W85-70245 Crystal Growth Research Spacecraft Technology Experiments (CFMF) Advanced Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 179-80.70 W85-70383 506-62-42 W85-70220 Technology Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Wetland Systems Analysis-Space Station Propulsion 525-02-19 W85-70250 Ecosystems Requirements Computerized Materials and Processes Data Base 199-30-26 W85-70420 506-64-12 W85-70235 323-51-05 W85-70263 Terrestrial Biology High-Pressure Oxygen-Hydrogen ETD Rocket Engine 199-30-36 W85-70423 Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) Technology 159-46-01 W85-70349 Early Atmosphere: Geochemistry and Photochemistry 525-02-12 W85-70249 199-50-16 W85-70431 Ground Experiment Operations Flight Test of an ion Auxiliary Propulsion System 179-33-00 WB5-70374 Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility (lAPS) MPS AR & DA Support (STARFAC) 542-05-12 W85.70261 179-40.62 W85-70375 906-70-16 W85-70575 Materials Science in Space (MSiS) Containeriess Processing Long Term Space Exposure 179-10-10 W85-70367 179-80-30 W85-70378 482-53-23 WB5-70597 Microgravity Science Definition for Space Station Bioseparation Processes Erectable Space Structures 179-20-62 W85-70373 179-80-40 W85-70379 482-53-43 W85-70601 Microgravity Materials Science Laboratory Solidification Processes Analysis and Synthesis/Scale Model Study 179-48-00 W85-70377 179-86-60 W85-70381 482-53-53 W85-70604 Reduced Gravity Combustion Science Space Station Control and Guidance?Integrated Control 179-80-51 W85-70380 Crystal Growth Process 179-80-70 W85-70382 Systms Analysis Spectrum and Orbit Utilization Studies Ground-Based Observations o1 the Sun 482-57-13 W85-70617 643-10-01 W85-70466 186-36-52 W85-70385 Space Data Technology New Space Application Concept Studies and Statutory Laboratory and Theory 482-58-13 W85-70620 Filings 186-36-53 W85-70387 Space Communications Technology/Antenna 643-10-02 W85-70468 Gamma Ray Astronomy and Related Research Volumetric Analysis Experiments Coordination and Mission Support 186-46-57 W85-70397 482-59-23 W85-70624 646-41-01 W85-70471 X-Ray Astronomy Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Space Communications Systems Antenna Technology 188-46-59 W85-70398 Internal Computational Fluid Mechanics 650-60-20 W85-70473 Advanced Mission Study - Solar X-Ray Pinhole Occulter 505-31-04 W85-70003 Satellite Switching and Processing Systems Propulsion Materials Technology 650-60-21 W85-70474 Facility 188-78-38 W85-70400 505-33-62 W85-70025 RF Components for Satellite Communications Advanced Solar Physics Concepts - Advanced Solar Propulsion Structural Analysis Technology Systems 505-33-72 W85-70026 650-60-22 W85-70475 Observatory 188-78-38 W85-70401 Graduate Program in Aeronautics Communications Laboratory for Transponder 505-36-22 W85-70043 Development Gravity Prope-B Joint Institute for Aerospace Propulsion and Power Base 650-60-23 W85-70476 188-78-41 W85-70402 Support Advanced Studies Coronal Data Analysis 505-36-42 W85-70046 650-60-26 W85-70477 385-38-01 W85-70450

1-75 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, RESPONSIBLE NASA ORGANIZATION INDEX

Space Plasma Data Analysis Multistage Inventory/Sampling Design 442-20-01 W85.70457 677-27-02 W85.70502 Space Plasma SRT Field Work - Tropical Forest Dynamics 442-36-55 W85-70459 677-27-03 W85.70503 Space Physics Analysis Network (SPAN) Aircraft Supped - Tropical Forest Dynamics 656-42-01 W85-70478 677-27-04 W85-70504 Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer Study of the Density, Composition, and Structure of Forest Canopies Using C-Band Scatterometer 676-59-33 W65.70495 677-27-20 W85.70505 The Human Role in Space (THURIS) Geological Remote Sensing in Mountainous Terrain 906-54-40 W85-70559 677-41 - 13 W85.70508 Structural Assembly Demonstration Experiment Geobotanicai Mapping in Metamorphic Terrain (SADE) 677-42-04 W85.70511 906-55.10 W85-70562 Thermal IR Remote Sensing Data Analysis for Land Phased Array Lens Flight Experiment Cover Types 906-55-61 W85.70563 677-53-01 W85-70517 Orbital Transfer Vehicle (OTV) Crop Condition Assessment and Monitoring Joint 906-63-03 W85.70564 Research Project SDV/Advanced Vehicles 677-60-17 W85.70518 906-65-04 W85.70572 Wetlands Productive Capacity Modeling 677-64-01 W85.70521 Development of Flexible Payload and Mission Capture Analysis Methodologies and Supporting Data 906-65-33 W85.70573 W Tether Applications in Space 906-70-00 W85-70574 Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, Va. Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle Environmentally Protected Airborne Memory Systems 906-75-00 W85-70579 (EPAMS) Geostationary Platforms 323-53-50 W85-70268 906-90-03 W85-70590 Major Repair of Structures in an Orbital Environment 906-90-22 W85-70591 Orbital Equipment Transfer and Advanced Orbital Servicing Technology 482-52-29 W85.70595 Space Station Focused Technology - Space Durable Matedals 482-53-29 W85.70600 Deployable Truss Concepts 482-53-49 W85.70603 Silicon Array Development and Protective Coatings 482-55-49 W85.70607 Automated Power Management 482-55-79 W85.70613 Manned Module Thermal Management System 482-56-89 W85.70616 Advanced Controls and Guidance Concepts 482-57-39 W85.70618 Advanced Auxiliary Propulsion 482-60-29 W85-70627 N

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. Research in Advanced Materials Concepts for Aeronautics 505-33-10 W85.70016 Support for the Committee on Human Factors of the National Academy of Science 505-35-10 W85.70035 Training Program in Large-Scale Scientific Computing 505.36-60 W85.70048 Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) 505-45-30 W85.70092 Advanced Space Structures and Dynamics 506-53-40 W85-70141 Advisory Group on Electron Devices (AGED) 506-54-10 W85.70151 Aerospace Computer Science University Research 506-54-50 W85-70159 Space Energy Conversion Support 506-55.80 W85.70181 Human Factors in Space Systems 506-57-20 W85.70189 Erasable Optical Disk Buffer 506-58-10 W85.70196 Chemical Propulsion Research and Technology Interagency Supped 506-60-10 W85.70209 Natlolml Space Technology Labs., Bay Saint Louis, Miss. A GIS Approach to Conducting Biogeochemical Research in Wetlands 199.30-35 W85-70422 Crop Mensuration and Mapping Joint Research Project 667-60-16 W85.70479 Timber Resource inventory and Monitoring 667-60-18 W85-70480 Soil Delineation 677-26-01 W85.70499 Shortgrass Steppe - Long-Term Ecological Research 677-26-02 W85.70500 Ecologically-Oriented Stratification Scheme 677-27-01 W85-70501

1-76 RTOP NUMBER INDEX

RTOP Summary FISCAL YEAR 1985 Typical RTOP Number Index Listing

=._j__l

906-90-22 ...... W85-70591 161-30-02 ...... W85-70352 199-80-72 ...... W85-70446 161-30-03 ...... W85-70353 199-90-71 ...... W85-70447 161-40-03 ...... W85-70354 199-90-72 ...... W85-70448 310-10-23 ...... W85-70535 This section may be used to identify the RTOP 161-40-11 ...... W85-70355 161-50-02 ...... W85-70356 310-10-26 ...... W85-70536 accession number of reports covered in this 161-50-03 ...... W85-70357 310-10.-42 ...... W85-70537 310-10.-60 ...... W85-70538 journal. Thus this section of this index may be used 161-80-01 ...... W85-70358 161-00-15 ...... W85-70359 310-10-61 ...... W85-70539 to locate the bibliographic citations and technical 161-80-37 ...... W85-70360 310-10-62 ...... W85-70540 summaries in the Summary Section. The RTOP 161-80-38 ...... W85-70361 310-10-63 ...... W85-70541 161-80-39 ...... W85-70362 310-20-33 ...... W85-70542 numbers are listed in ascending number order. 176-10-03 ...... W85-70363 310-20-38 ...... W85-70543 176-20-99 ...... W85-70364 310-20-39 ...... W85-70544 146-66..01 ...... W85-70271 176-40-14 ...... W85-70365 310-20-46 ...... W85-70545 146-66-02 ...... W85-70272 179-00-00 ...... W85-70366 310-20.-64 ...... W85-70546 146-72,.01 ...... W85-70273 179-10-10 ...... W85-70367 310-20-65 ...... W85-70547 146-72-02 ...... W85-70274 179-13-72 ...... W85-70368 310-20-66 ...... W85-70548 146-72-04 ...... W85-70275 179-14-20 ...... W85-70369 310-20-67 ...... W85-70549 147-11-00 ...... W85-70276 179-15-20 ...... W85-70370 310-20.-68 ...... W85-70550 147-11-05 ...... W85-70277 179-20-55 ...... W85-70371 310-20-71 ...... W85-70551 147-11-07 ...... W85-70278 179-20-56 ...... W85-70372 310-30-70 ...... W85-70552 147-12-99 ...... W85-70279 179-20.-62 ...... W85-70373 310-40-26 ...... W85-70553 147-14-07 ...... W85-70280 179-33-00 ...... W85-70374 310-40-37 ...... W85-70554 147-14-99 ...... W85-70281 179-40.-62 ...... W85-70375 310-40-45 ...... W85-70555 147-16-01 ...... W85-70282 W85-70376 310-40-46 ...... W85-70556 147-21-03 ...... W85-70283 179-48-00 ...... W85-70377 310-40-49 ...... W85-70557 147-21-09 ...... W85-70284 179-80-30 ...... W85-70378 310-40-72 ...... W85-70558 147-22-01 ...... W85-70285 179-80-40 ...... W85-70379 323-51-03 ...... W85-70262 147-22-02 ...... W85-70286 179.-80-51 ...... W85-70380 323-51-05 ...... W85-70263 147-23-08 ...... W85-70287 179-80-60 ...... W85-70381 323-51,-66 ...... W85-70264 147-23-99 ...... W85-70288 179-80-70 ...... W85-70382 323-51-90 ...... W85-70265 147-51-02 ...... W85-70289 W85-70383 323-52-60 ...... W85-70266 147-51-12 ...... W85-70290 188-38-52 ...... W85-70384 323-53-08 ...... W85-70267 151-01-20 ...... W85-70291 W85-70385 323-53-50 ...... W85-70268 151-01-60 ...... W85-70292 W85-70386 323-53-60 ...... W85-70269 151-01-70 ...... W85-70293 188-38-53 ...... W85-70387 323-54-01 ...... W85-70270 151-02-50 ...... W85-70294 188-41-22 ...... W85-70388 385-38-01 ...... W85-70449 W85-70450 151-02..60 ...... W85-70295 W85-70389 W85-70296 W85-70390 W85-70451 W85-70297 188-41-53 ...... W85-70391 385..46-01 ...... W85-70452 W85-70298 W85-70392 441-06-01 ...... W85-70453 151-05-60 ...... W85-70299 188-41-55 ...... W85-70393 442-20-01 ...... W85-70454 W85-70455 151-05.-80 ...... W85-70300 188-46-56 ...... W85-70394 W85-70456 152-11-40 ...... W85-70301 188-45-57 ...... W85-70395 W85-70457 152-12-40 ...... W85-70302 W85-70396 W85-70303 W85-70397 442-20-02 ...... W85-70458 '152-13-40 ...... W85-70304 188-46-59 ...... W85-70398 442-36-55 ...... W85-70459 152-13.-60 ...... W85-70305 W85-70399 W85-70460 152-14-40 ...... W85-70306 188-78-38 ...... W85-70400 W85-70461 152-15-40 ...... W85-70307 W85-70401 W85-70462 152-17-40 ...... W85-70308 188-78-41 ...... W85-70402 442-36-56 ...... W85-70463 152-19-40 ...... W85-70309 188-78-60 ...... W85-70403 442-35-99 ...... W85-70464 152-20,-40 ...... W85-70310 196-41-51 ...... W85-70404 445-11-36 ...... W85-70465 152-30,-40 ...... W85-70311 196-41-54 ...... W85-70405 482-50-22 ...... W85-70592 W85-70312 196-41-67 ...... W85-70406 482-52-21 ...... W85-70593 154-10-80 ...... W85-70313 196-41-68 ...... W85-70407 482-52-25 ...... W85-70594 154-20-80 ...... W85-70314 199-11-11 ...... W85-70408 482-52-29 ...... W85-70595 154-30-80 ...... W85-70315 199-11-21 ...... W85-70409 482-53-22 ...... W85-70596 154-40-80 ...... W85-70316 199-21-12 ...... W85-70410 482-53-23 ...... W85-70597 154-60-80 ...... W85-70317 199-21-51 ...... W85-70411 482-53-25 ...... W85-70598 W85-70318 199=22-22 ...... W85-70412 482-53-27 ...... W85-70599 154-75-80 ...... W85-70319 199-22-31 ...... W85-70413 482-53-29 ...... W85-70600 154-80-80 ...... W85-70320 199-22-32 ...... W85-70414 482-53-43 ...... W85-70601 W85-70321 199-22-42 ...... W85-70415 482-53-47 ...... W85-70602 154-90-80 ...... W85-70322 199-22-62 ...... W85-70416 482-53-49 ...... W85-70603 155-04-80 ...... W85-70323 199-22-71 ...... W85-70417 482-53-53 ...... W85-70604 W85-70324 199-30-12 ...... W85-70418 482-53-57 ...... W85-70605 155-20-40 ...... W85-70325 199-30-22 ...... W85-70419 482-55--42 ...... W85-70606 156-02-02 ...... W85-70326 199-30-26 ...... W85-70420 482-55-49 ...... W85-70607 W85-70327 199-30-32 ...... W85-70421 482-55-52 ...... W85-70608 156-03-01 ...... W85-70328 199-30-35 ...... W85-70422 482-55-62 ...... W85-70609 156-03-02 ...... W85-70329 199-30-36 ...... W85-70423 482-55-72 ...... W85-70610 156-03-03 ...... W85-70330 199-30-42 ...... W85-70424 482-55-75 ...... W85-70611 156-03-04 ...... W85-70331 199-30-52 ...... W85-70425 482-55-77 ...... W85-70612 156-03-05 ...... W85-70332 199-40-12 ...... W85-70426 482-55-79 ...... W85-70613 156-03-07 ...... W85-70333 199-40-22 ...... W85-70427 482-55-86 ...... W85-70614 157-01-70 ...... W85-70334 199-40-32 ...... W85-70428 482-56-87 ...... W85-70615 157-03-50 ...... W85-70335 199,,40-33 ...... W85-70429 482-56-89 ...... W85-70616 157-03-70 ...... W85-70336 199-50-12 ...... W85-70430 482-57-13 ...... W85-70617 W85-70337 199-50-16 ...... W85-70431 482-57-39 ...... W85-70618 W85-70338 199-50-20 ...... W85-70432 482-58-11 ...... W85-70619 W85-70339 199-50-22 ...... W85-70433 482-58-13 ...... W85-70620 W85-70340 199-50-32 ...... W85-70434 482-58-16 ...... W85-70621 157-04-60 ...... W85-70341 199-50-42 ...... W85-70435 482-58-17 ...... W85-70622 W85-70342 199-50-52 ...... W85-70436 482-58-18 ...... W85-70623 W85-70343 199-50-62 ...... W85-70437 482-59-23 ...... W85-70624 157-05-50 ...... W85-70344 199-61-12 ...... W85-70438 482-59-27 ...... W85-70625 159-38-01 ...... W85-70345 199-61-22 ...... W85-70439 482-60-22 ...... W85-70626 159-41-01 ...... W85-70346 199-61-31 ...... W85-70440 482-60-29 ...... W85-70627 W85-70347 199-61-41 ...... W85-70441 482-61-41 ...... W85-70628 159-41-03 ...... W85-70348 199-70-41 ...... W85-70442 482-61-47 ...... W85-70629 159-46-01 ...... W85-70349 199-70-52 ...... W85-70443 482-64-30 ...... W85-70630 161-10-01 ...... W85-70350 199-80-32 ...... W85-70444 482-64-31 ...... W85-70631 161-10-03 ...... W85-70351 199-80-52 ...... W85-70445 482-64-37 ...... W85-70832

1-77 RTOP NUMBER INDEX

482-64-41 ...... W85-70633 506-53-12 ...... W85-70134 506-64-31 ...... w85-70246 505-31-01 ...... W85-70001 506-53-15 ...... W85-70135 506-64-37 ...... w85-70247 505-31-03 ...... W85-70002 506-53-23 ...... W85-70136 506-90-21 ...... w85-70248 506-53-25 ...... W85-70137 505-31-04 ...... W85-70003 525-02-12 ...... w85-70249 506-53-27 ...... W85-70138 505-31-11 ...... W85-70004 506-53-31 ...... W85-70139 525-02-19 ...... w85-70250 505-31-13 ...... W85-70005 506-53-33 ...... W85-70140 532-06-11 ...... w85-70105 505-31-15 ...... W85-70006 532-06-13 ...... w85-70106 506-53-40 ...... W85-70141 505-31-21 ...... W85-70007 532-09-10 ...... w85-70107 506-53-41 ...... W85-70142 505-31-23 ...... W85-70008 506-53-43 ...... W85-70143 532-09-11 ...... w85-70108 505-31-33 ...... W85-70009 506-53-45 ...... W85-70144 533-02-01 ...... w85-70109 505-31-41 ...... W85-70010 506-53-49 ...... W85-70145 533-02-03 ...... w85-70110 505-31-51 ...... W85-70011 506-53-51 ...... W85-70146 533-02-11 ...... w85-70111 505-31-53 ...... W85-70012 506-53-53 ...... W85-70147 533-02-21 ...... w85-70112 505-31-55 ...... W85-70013 506-53-55 ...... W85-70148 533-02-31 ...... w85-70113 505-31-63 ...... W85-70014 506-53-57 ...... W85-70149 533-02-33 ...... w85-70114 505-31-83 ...... W85-70015 506-53-59 ...... W85-70150 533-02-43 ...... w85-70115 505-33-10 ...... W85-70016 506-54-10 ...... W85-70151 533-02-51 ...... w85-70116 505-33-13 ...... W85-70017 506-54-11 ...... W85-70152 533-02-61 ...... w85-70117 505-33-21 ...... W85-70018 506-54-15 ...... W85-70153 533-02-71 ...... w85-70118 505-33-23 ...... W85-70019 506-54-21 ...... W85-70154 533-02-81 ...... w85-70119 505-33-31 ...... W85-70020 506-54-22 ...... W85-70155 533-02-91 ...... w85-70120 505-33-33 ...... W85-70021 506-54-23 ...... W85-70156 533-04-12 ...... w85-70121 505-33-41 ...... W85-70022 506-54-25 ...... W65-70157 533-05-12 ...... w86-70122 505-33-43 ...... W85-70023 506-54-26 ...... W85-70158 534-06-13 ...... w85-70123 505-33-53 ...... W85-70024 506-54-50 ...... W85-70159 534-06-23 ...... w85-70124 505-33-62 ...... W85-70025 506-54-55 ...... W85-70160 535-03-12 ...... w85-70125 505-33-72 ...... W85-70026 506-54-56 ...... W85-70161 536-01-11 ...... w85-70126 505-34-01 ...... W85-70027 506-54-57 ...... W85-70162 542-03-01 ...... w85-70251 505-34-03 ...... W85-70028 506-54-61 ...... W85-70163 542-03-06 ...... w85-70252 505-34-11 ...... W85-70029 506-54-63 ...... W85-70164 542-03-13 ...... w85-70253 505-34-13 ...... W85-70030 506-54-65 ...... W85-70165 542-03-14 ...... w85-70254 505-34-17 ...... W85-70031 506-54-67 ...... W85-70166 542-03-43 ...... w85-70255 505-34-23 ...... W85-70032 506-55-22 ...... W85-70167 542-03-44 ...... w85-70256 505-34-31 ...... W85-70033 506-55-25 ...... W85-70168 542-03-51 ...... w85-70257 505-34-33 ...... W85-70034 506-55-42 ...... W85-70169 542-03-53 ...... w85-70258 505-35-10 ...... W85-70035 506-55-45 ...... W85-70170 542-03-54 ...... w85-70259 505-35-11 ...... W85-70036 506-55-49 ...... W85-70171 542-04-13 ...... w85-70260 505-35-13 ...... W85-70037 506-55-52 ...... W85-70172 542-05-12 ...... w85-70261 505-35-21 ...... W85-70038 506-55-55 ...... W85-70173 643-10-01 ...... w85-70466 505-35-31 ...... W85-70039 506-55-62 ...... W85-70174 w85-70467 505-35-33 ...... W85-70040 506-55-65 ...... W85-70175 643-10-02 ...... w85-70468 505-35-81 ...... W85-70041 506-55-72 ...... W85-70176 w85-70469 505-36-21 ...... W85-70042 506-55-73 ...... W85-70177 643-10-03 ...... w86-70470 505-36-22 ...... W85-70043 506-55-75 ...... W85-70178 646-41-01 ...... w85-70471 505-36-23 ...... W85-70044 506-55-76 ...... W85-70179 646-41-03 ...... w85-70472 505-36-41 ...... W85-70045 506-55-79 ...... W85-70180 650-60-20 ...... w85-70473 505-36-42 ...... W85-70046 506-55-80 ...... W85-70181 650-60-21 ...... w86-70474 505-36-43 ...... W85-70047 506-55-82 ...... W85-70182 650-60-22 ...... w85-70475 505-36-60 ...... W85-70048 506-55-86 ...... W85-70183 650-60-23 ...... w85-70476 505-37-01 ...... W85-70049 506-55-87 ...... W85-70184 650-60-26 ...... w85-70477 505-37-03 ...... W85-70050 506-55-89 ...... W85-70185 656-42-01 ...... w85-70478 505-37-13 ...... W85-70051 506-57-13 ...... W85-70186 667-60-16 ...... w85-70479 505-37-23 ...... W85-70052 506-57-15 ...... W85-70187 667-60-18 ...... w85-70480 505-37-41 ...... W85-70053 506-57-19 ...... W85-70188 668-37-99 ...... w85-70481 505-37-49 ...... W85-70054 506-57-20 ...... W85-70189 672-21-99 ...... w85-70482 505-40-14 ...... W85-70055 506-57-21 ...... W85-70190 672-31-99 ...... w85-70483 505-40-64 ...... W85-70056 506-57-23 ...... W85-70191 672-32-99 ...... w85-70484 505-40-68 ...... W85-70057 506-57-25 ...... W85-70192 672-50-99 ...... w85-70485 505-40-74 ...... W85-70058 506-57-26 ...... W85-70193 673-41-12 ...... w85.70486 505-40-84 ...... W85-70059 506-57-27 ...... W85-70194 673-41-13 ...... w85-70487 505-42-11 ...... W85-70060 506-57-29 ...... W85-70195 673-61-02 ...... w85-70488 505-42-23 ...... W85-70061 506-58-10 ...... W85-70196 673-61-07 ...... w85-70489 505-42-41 ...... W85-70062 506-58-11 ...... W85-70197 673-61-99 ...... w85-70490 505-42-51 ...... W85-70063 506-58-12 ...... W85-70198 676-20-01 ...... w85-70491 505-42-61 ...... W85-70064 506-58-13 ...... W85-70199 676-30-01 ...... w85.70492 505-42-71 ...... W85-70065 506-58-15 ...... W85-70200 676-30-05 ...... w85.70493 505-42-81 ...... W85-70066 506-58-16 ...... W85-70201 676-59-10 ...... w85-70494 505-42-92 ...... W85-70067 506-58-17 ...... W85-70202 676.59-33 ...... w85-70495 505-42-94 ...... W85-70068 506-58-18 ...... W85-70203 676-59-55 ...... w85-70496 505-42-98 ...... W85-70069 506-58-19 ...... W85-70204 676-59-75 ...... w85-70497 505-43-01 ...... W85-70070 506-58-22 ...... W85-70205 677-25-99 ...... w85-70498 505-43-03 ...... W86-70071 506-58-23 ...... W85-70206 677-26-01 ...... W85o70499 505-43-11 ...... W85-70072 506-58-25 ...... W85-70207 677-26-02 ...... w85-70500 505-43-13 ...... W85-70073 506-58-26 ...... W85-70208 677-27-01 ...... w85-70501 505-43-23 ...... W85-70074 506-60-10 ...... W85-70209 677-27-02 ...... w86-70502 505-43-31 ...... W85-70075 506-60-12 ...... W85-70210 677-27-03 ...... w85-70503 505-43-33 ...... W85-70076 506-60-19 ...... W85-70211 677-27-04 ...... w85-70504 505-43-43 ...... W85-70077 506-60-22 ...... W85-70212 677-27-20 ...... w85-70505 505-43-52 ...... W85-70078 506-60-42 ...... W85-70213 677-41-03 ...... w85-70506 505-43-60 ...... W85-70079 506-60-49 ...... W85-70214 677-41-07 ...... w85-70507 505-43-61 ...... W85-70080 506-62-21 ...... W85-70215 677-41-13 ...... W85o70508 505-43-71 ...... W85-70081 506-62-22 ...... W85-70216 677-41-24 ...... w85-70509 505-43-81 ...... W85-70082 506-62-23 ...... W86-70217 677-41-29 ...... w85-70510 505-43-83 ...... W85-70083 506-62-25 ...... W86-70218 677-42-04 ...... w85-70511 505-45-10 ...... W85-70084 506-62-26 ...... W85-70219 677-42-09 ...... w85-70512 505-45-11 ...... W85-70085 506-62-42 ...... W85-70220 677-46-02 ...... w85-70513 505-45-13 ...... W85-70086 506-62-43 ...... W85-70221 677-47-03 ...... w85-70514 505-45-14 ...... W85-70087 506-82-45 ...... W85-70222 677-47-07 ...... w85.70515 505-45-15 ...... W85-70088 506,-63-23 ...... W85-70223 677.50-52 ...... w85-70516 505-45-18 ...... W85-70089 506-83-24 ...... W85-70224 677-53-01 ...... w85-70517 505-45-19 ...... W85-70090 506-63-29 ...... W85-70225 677-60-17 ...... w86-70518 505-45-23 ...... W85-70091 506-63-31 ...... W85-70226 677-62-02 ...... w85-70519 505-45-30 ...... W85-70092 506-63-32 ...... W86-70227 677-63-99 ...... w85-70520 505-45-33 ...... W85-70093 506-83-34 ...... W85-70228 677-64-01 ...... w85-70521 505-45-36 ...... W85-70094 506-63-36 ...... W85-70229 677-80-22 ...... w85-70522 505-45-41 ...... W85-70095 506-63-37 ...... W85-70230 677-80-27 ...... w86-70523 505-45-43 ...... W85-70096 506-63-39 ...... W85-70231 692-05-05 ...... w85-70524 505-45-54 ...... W85-70097 506-63-40 ...... W85-70232 692-59-01 ...... w85-70525 505-45-58 ...... W85-70098 506-63-43 ...... W85-70233 692-59-45 ...... w85-70526 505-45-81 ...... W85-70099 506-63-44 ...... W85-70234 692..61.01 ...... w85-70527 505-45-63 ...... W85-70100 506-64-12 ...... W85-70235 692-61-02 ...... w85-70528 505-45-83 ...... W85-70101 506-64-13 ...... W85-70236 692-81-03 ...... w85-70529 505-90-28 ...... W85-70102 506-64-14 ...... W85-70237 693-05-05 ...... w85.70530 W85-70103 506-64-15 ...... W85-70238 693-61-02 ...... w85-70531 W85-70104 506-64-17 ...... W85-70239 693-81-03 ...... w85-70532 506-51-11 ...... W85-70127 506-64-19 ...... W85-70240 879-11-41 ...... w86-70533 506-51-13 ...... W85-70128 506-64-23 ...... W85-70241 879-11-46 ...... w85-70534 506-51-14 ...... W85-70129 506-64-25 ...... W85-70242 906-54.40 ...... w85-70559 506-5:1-17 ...... W85-70130 906-54-81 ...... w85-70560 506-64-26 ...... W85-70243 506-51-23 ...... W85-70131 906-54-62 ...... w85-70561 506-51-41 ...... W85-70132 506-64-27 ...... W85-70244 906.55-10 ...... w85-70562 506-53-11 ...... W85-70133 506-64-29 ...... W85-70245 906-55-61 ...... W85-70563 1-78 RTOP NUMBER INDEX

906-63-03 ...... w85-70564 906-63-06 ...... w85-70565 906-63-30 ...... w85-70566 906-63-33 ...... w85-70567 906-63-37 ...... w85-70568 906-63-39 ...... w85-70569 906-64-23 ...... w85-70570 906-64-24 ...... w85-70571 906-65-04 ...... w85-70572 906-65-33 ...... w85-70573 906-70-00 ...... w85-70574 906-70-16 ...... w85-70575 906-70-23 ...... w85-70576 906-70-29 ...... w85-70577 906-79-30 ...... w85-70578 996-75-00 ...... w85-70579 906-75-06 ...... w85-70580 906-75-22 ...... w85-70581 906-75.23 ...... w85-70582 906-75-41 ...... w85.70583 906-75-50 ...... w85-70584 906-75-52 ...... w85-70585 906-75-59 ...... w85.70586 906-80-11 ...... w85-70587 906-80-13 ...... w85-70588 906-80-14 ...... w85-70589 906-90-03 ...... w85-70590 906-90-22 ...... w85-70591

1-79 1. Relaort No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. ReciDient's Catalog No. NASA TM-87394

4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Research and Technology Objectives and Plans April 1985 Summary Fiscal Year 1985 6. Performing Organization Code

7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report' No.

10. Work Unit No. g. Performing Organi_tion Name and Address

National Aeronautics and Space Administration '11. Contract or Grant No. Washington, DC 20546

13. Tyl0e of Rec)ort and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15. Supplementary Notes

16. Al0_'act

This publication represents the NASA research and technology program for FY 1985. It is a compilation of the "Summary" portions of each of the RTOPs (Research and Technology Objectives and Plans) used for management review and control of research currently in progress throughout NASA. The RTOP Summary is designed to facilitate communi- cation and coordination among concerned technical personnel in government, in industry, and in universities. The first section containing citations and abstracts of the RTOPs is followed by four indexes: Subject, Technical Monitor, Responsible NASA Organization, and RTOP Number.

17. K_ Worm (Sucjcjerted by Au_or(s)) 18. Distribution Statement

physical sciences project management

research and development Until May 1987 aerospace sciences life sciences

19. Security Qa=if. (of this rego_l 20. Securiw C;awf. (of this _ga) 21. No. of Pages 2Z _ice ° None None 190

For sale by the National Technical Information Service, Soringfield, Virginia 22161 NASA-Langley, 1985