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Herefordshire News Sheet

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Herefordshire News Sheet CONTENTS ARS OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE FOR 1987 .................................................................... 2 EDITORIAL ........................................................................................................................... 2 PROGRAMME SEPTEMBER 1987-JANUARY 1988 ............................................................ 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SECTION MEMBERSHIP LIST – AUGUST 1987 ........... 3 FIELD MEETING AT BREDWARDINE.................................................................................. 5 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING ............................................................................................ 6 COMMITTEE FOR CO-ORDINATION OF RESEARCH ON ARICONIUM ............................ 7 MARGARET GELLING LECTURE, 6TH NOVEMBER, 1987 .................................................. 7 EVENING LECTURE AT THE COLLEGE FOR THE BLIND ................................................. 7 INTERPRETATION OF AIR PHOTOGRAPHS WITH REFERENCE TO HEREFORDSHIRE 8 FLINTS FROM PICT’S CROSS NEAR SELLACK ................................................................. 9 EARLY SITE OF WIGMORE ABBEY (Newsletter No. 47) .................................................. 10 FIELD MEETING IN THE WORMSLEY AREA .................................................................... 10 FIELD MEETING AT EWYAS HAROLD.............................................................................. 11 FIELD MEETING AT DOWNTON ....................................................................................... 12 FIELD MEETING AT BOLLITREE CASTLE ........................................................................ 13 FIELD MEETING ON OFFA’S DYKE .................................................................................. 14 SOME NOTES ON THE TOPOGRAPHY AND MEDIEVAL LAYOUT OF THE VILLAGE OF EWYAS HAROLD ............................................................................................................... 16 THE NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF ARCHENFIELD ........................................................... 22 WIGMORE CASTLE ........................................................................................................... 26 A SURVEY OF HEREFORDSHIRE FIELD NAMES ............................................................ 28 ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAGAZINES ..................................................................................... 30 HAN 48 Page 1 HEREFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL NEWS WOOLHOPE CLUB ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SECTION No. 48 January 1988 ARS OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE FOR 1987 Chairman: Mr P Halliwell Secretary: Mr M Hemming Treasurer: Mr J Harding Field Secretary: Mr M Hemming Editor: Mr R Shoesmith Assistant Editor: Mr C E Attfield Committee Members: Mrs R Richardson Mrs R Skelton Miss M Thomas Mrs B Harding Mrs E M Taylor Mr R E Kay Mr G Sprackling EDITORIAL I must apologise for the delay in publishing this issue due to factors outside my control. The newsletter is larger than usual because it contains reports of field meetings not written up previously. A revised list of members has been included for reference, also a list of the archaeological magazines available in the Woolhope Library. Ron Shoesmith, who produced this format, is to be congratulated on the quality of his production. PRH PROGRAMME SEPTEMBER 1987-JANUARY 1988 Sunday 27th September Field walking at Bredwardine Meet at Bredwardine Church at 11.00 am Leader Ruth Richardson Sunday 18th October Field walking at the possible site of Meet at the Green Man, a shrine and iron age settlement at Fownhope at 11.00 am Lower Buckenhill Leader Elizabeth Taylor Friday 6th November Margaret Gelling Lecture Great Hall, Bishop’s Palace, Hereford, 7.30 pm Wednesday 9th AGM and Annual Dinner Golden River Restaurant, December Commercial Street, Hereford 7.30 for 8.00 pm Sunday 24th January Radnorshire Churches Meet at Newchurch Church, 1988 OS 216 508, at 11.00 am Leader R Kay Tel: Hereford 50952 HAN 48 Page 2 Notes 1. With an 11.00 am start we cannot afford to wait more than 5 minutes for late arrivals. 2. The November and December meetings are not on Sunday, and are in the evening. 3. It is anticipated that in October and November there will be Field Walking at Ariconium on most Sundays. 4. In case of bad weather please contact the leader or a Committee member. 5. Guests are welcome. 6. Members and guests are advised to wear suitable clothing and footwear, and to bring food and hot drinks. Subscriptions are due January 1st each year. Any unpaid for 1987 (£1.50) please send to the Treasurer – Mr J V Harding, Aldermead, Llanwarne, Herefordshire HR2 8JE. ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SECTION MEMBERSHIP LIST – AUGUST 1987 Mr J Asquith Mr & Mrs G P Allen Mr J C Burnett Mrs A Brian Mr B Butcher Mr J A Blair Mr & Mrs K Coles Mr B Coplestone-Crow Mr G S Cooke Mr A R Cozen Mrs G Dace Mr A J Derriscott Miss K M B Douglas Mr M Hemming Mr C B Attfield Mr & Mrs S B Bell Mr J C Calderbank Mr J D Edmondston Mr J W Edwards Mr D Foxton Mr P M Gwatkin Cdr M B Hale Mr & Mrs J V Harding Mr P R Halliwell Mr J Hillaby Mr S Guest Mrs H Hurley Mr K J Hoverd Mrs M V Jones Mr E Kay Mr R E Kay Mrs & Mrs J Kirkwood HAN 48 Page 3 Mr & Mrs I Lesser Mr D R G Lewis Mr J G Keeley Mrs J L Lawes Mr D F Lovelace Mr & Mrs D Morgan Mr H M Morgan Mrs J O’Donnell Mr G Parker Mr F W Pexton Mrs V Prince Mr D J Pugh Mr B C Redwood Mrs M R Richardson Mrs R E Richardson Mr J Sawle Mr R Sharpe Mr R Shoesmith Mr & Mrs L Skelton Mr F E Skinner Mr G Sprackling Mr A Stirling-Brown Mr R Stirling-Brown Mr J W Stokes Mrs E Taylor Miss M Thomas Mr J W Tonkin Mr J Tuloch Mr B Walters Miss A J Walters Dr C Watkins Mr B Willder Mr D A Whitehead Miss J Wills Mr P J Wride Mr & Mrs E C Wincer Mrs H Woodley Will members please inform the Treasurer, Mr J V Harding, of any errors or omissions in this list of members. The Editor records with great regret the death in December of Mr Inett Homes, past President of the Woolhope Naturalists’ Field Club and a member of the Archaeological Research Section. HAN 48 Page 4 FIELD MEETING AT BREDWARDINE On Sunday 26th April, 1987 a Field Meeting was held in the Bredwardine area to examine Saxon and early Norman churches, led by Mrs Jean Lawes. 8 members met at Bredwardine Church at 11.00 am. We first went to Moccas, an isolated church, the village probably having moved to a new site. We were fortunate to see some deer as we drove to the church. Moccas Court, a red brick building of 1775-1781 was visible in the background. The church stands on a mound and the walls are constructed of large squared blocks of tufa with some sandstone dressing. Except for the south porch the building is dated by the Royal Commission as second quarter of the 12th century, though Mrs Lawes considered that it might be earlier. The church consists of Nave, Chancel and a Sanctuary or Apse. It was considered that the beams at the west end of the chancel were the remains of an original wooden Belfry, which had been replaced by a stone Bellcote. It is an almost perfect example of a Norman village church except for the Decorated period windows. Both North and South doorways have typical Norman round-headed arches, the voussoirs carved with chevron motify, and tympana from which the carving has almost entirely eroded. Photographs taken over 50 years ago and reproduced by Eric Gethyn-Jones in his book ‘The Dymock School of Sculpture’ show the North tympanum having trailing ‘wormcast’ pattern, probably foliage as on Bromyard font, the tympanum on the South showing horse- like creatures flaking a stylized tree and what appears to be upside down human figures below, or depending from, the animals’ heads. The North doorway, now blocked, shows signs of renewal and repair in the arch. The Chancel Arch has chevron carving and the Apse has a stone altar, there is a chest tomb of a knight in the Chancel. After Moccas we proceeded back to Bredwardine and explored the church. The South and blocked North doorways both have massive red sandstone lintels, surmounted by a tufa tympanum and arch. The South lintel is carved with a formal daisy-like motif and geometric pattern, the North with 2 daisies and 2 strange figures which are semi-human. In the North wall are 2 round-headed single-splay windows formed of heavy irregular blocks of tufa which continue into the wall for some distance, cut back to form part of the splay. Of corresponding windows on the South side, one is similar to those on the North, the other neatly outlined in red sandstone, its rere-arch of the same construction as the elaborate 12th century window in the West wall. There is herringbone masonry both inside and out in the Western part of the North wall, and traces of a large arch in the West wall. The lower South West quoins are formed of megalithic tufa blocks. These features, the three tufa-framed windows and unusual treatment of the doorways, would seem to be survivals from a pre-Conquest structure. The church has been much altered and repaired; the present 18th century North Tower, replacing an earlier one, has destroyed some structural evidence, but there may possibly have been an even earlier central tower. The central section of the South wall, thinner than the walls to East and West of it, and containing a large Decorated window, is built of roughly striped red and white stones. It seems probable that this section, and not the entire chancel, is the portion destroyed by Owen Glyndwr in 1406. The font, similar to those at Kilpeck and Madley, is an enormous bowl, approximately 48" diameter and 20" deep. There are still traces of
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