Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
244316-00/S001
Issue 1 | 28 October 2015
This report takes into account the particular instructions and requirements of our client. It is not intended for and should not be relied upon by any third party and no responsibility is undertaken to any third party.
Job number 244316-00
Ove Arup & Partners Ltd Admiral House Rose Wharf 78 East Street Leeds LS9 8EE United Kingdom www.arup.com
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Contents
Page
1 Introduction 3 1.1 Report Structure 3
2 Legal and Policy Context 4
3 Methodology 7 3.1 Desk Study 7 3.2 Field Surveys 7 3.3 Ecological Impact Assessment Methodology 16 3.4 Survey Limitations 17
4 Results 19 4.1 Desk Study 19 4.2 Field Surveys 20
5 Ecological Assessment 35
6 Mitigation and Recommendations 38 6.1 Designations 39 6.2 Habitats 40 6.3 Invasive Plant Species 42 6.4 Badger 42 6.5 Bats 42 6.6 Birds 43 6.7 Reptiles 44 6.8 Invertebrates 45
7 Conclusion 46
Drawings
Drawing 1 Site Location Drawing 2 Phase 1 Habitat Plan Drawing 3 SM2 Locations Drawing 4 Location of Reptile Refugia Drawing 5.1 - 3 Bat Transect July - September
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Appendices
Appendix A Species List
Appendix B Breeding Bird Survey
Appendix C Invertebrate Assessment
Appendix D Static Bat Detector Results
Appendix E Local Wildlife Site Citations
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Executive Summary
Ove Arup and Partners Ltd (Arup) has been commissioned by the Homes and Communities Agency (HCA) to provide ecological services to support the development of a site wide masterplan at Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster. Arup undertook the following surveys between June 2015 and September 2015: Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA). Badger survey. Bat activity surveys. Great crested newt survey (eDNA method). Reptile surveys. Breeding bird survey. Invertebrate surveys. The PEA identified that the site is adjacent to two Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) called Roman Ridge North and South LWS and Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS. The Phase 1 Habitat survey identified that the habitats on site of interest are the naturally established grassland, marshy grassland and the deciduous woodland and the interface between these habitats. The badger survey did not identify any badger setts within the development boundary or signs that would indicate that they are present. However, the habitats on site would provide this species with optimal foraging habitat and habitat for the construction of setts. It is therefore recommended that the site is resurveyed to confirm the continued absence of this species at least three months prior to works starting on site. The bat transects and static recorders confirmed that the site is used for foraging and commuting by common and soprano pipistrelle, Myotis sp., Leisler’s and noctule. It was observed that bat activity was lower along the southern boundary of the site which could be due to light pollution or a decrease in habitat structural diversity. There are no waterbodies on site but there are a number to the south of the site. These were surveyed using environmental DNA and great crested newts were not found to be present. However, it was noted during the PEA that the site would provide common amphibian with optimal terrestrial habitat. This conclusion was supported by common toad and smooth newt being present beneath reptile refugia. Historical records indicated that grass snake were present within the local area and the reptile survey confirmed that grass snake is present on site. Particular upon the south facing grassed embankment which runs east to west across the centre of the site. No other reptile species were recorded during the reptile survey or from historical records. The breeding bird survey recorded 34 bird species on site of which four are upon the red list, 9 on the amber list and 4 are listed as Section 41 (S41) species of
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
principal importance. This included grey partridge and willow tit. No Schedule 1 bird species were recorded. The invertebrate survey recorded 121 species upon the site of which 4 are species of conservation interest. This included the six-belted clearwing moth which is at its northern limit upon this site. The survey identified that the grassland/scrub interface had the greatest species diversity albeit that the species typically lacked fidelity and scarcity. It was observed that the unshaded successional habitat had lower diversity but supported species of slightly higher conservation interest. The marshy grassland was found to support species that are specific to this habitat type therefore, the presence of this habitat type increases species diversity. It is understood that the woodland on site will be retained while the areas of grassland (including marshy grassland) and tall ruderal herb would be developed where possible in to residential properties. It is recommended that as the development moves forward that an Ecological and Landscape Strategy (ELS) is produced which draws upon the mitigation measures suggested within this report. This document would be agreed with the County Ecologist.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
1 Introduction
Ove Arup and Partners Ltd (Arup) has been commissioned by the Homes and Communities Agency (HCA) to provide ecological services to support of the development of a site wide masterplan at Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster (National Grid Reference SE52510790; Drawing 1). The report consists of a non-statutory Ecological Impact Assessment (EcIA) and details the results of the following ecological surveys undertaken at the site between June and September 2015: Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA). Breeding bird survey. Badger survey. Great crested newt (eDNA) survey. ) Bat activity surveys. Reptile surveys. Invertebrate surveys. The purpose of the report is to identify potential ecological impacts, assess impacts, outline mitigation and potential enhancement options, as appropriate. Ultimately this assessment will inform and guide the masterplan development. The report will form part of the submission of a future planning application.
1.1 Report Structure The report includes: Section 2: Legal and Policy Context Section 3: Methodology. Section 4: Results. Section 5: Ecological Assessment Section 6: Mitigation and Recommendations. Section 7: Conclusion.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
2 Legal and Policy Context
There is a comprehensive system of legislation, both domestic and international, which aims to protect biodiversity at the landscape, habitat and species level. Much of this legislation pertaining to biodiversity exists within, and also independently of, the planning process.
Legislation
Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) This is the primary legislation covering endangered species in England and sets out the framework for the designation of Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs). It confers differing levels of protection on species themselves, their habitats, or both, depending on their conservation status. Species offered protection by the Act are listed in a series of schedules. These Schedules are subject to a rolling review on a five yearly basis. Protected species are listed under Section 1 (birds), Schedule 5 (animals other than birds and invertebrates) and Schedule 8 (plants).
Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 This Act affords a greater level of protection to Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), provides enhanced management arrangements for Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs), and strengthens wildlife enforcement legislation. This Act has amended the Wildlife and Countryside Act by the addition of the term ‘recklessly’ to Section 1(5) and Section 9 (4) which has resulted in additional obligations with respect to protected species. As such, it is now an offence to intentionally or recklessly disturb protected species listed on the relevant Schedules of the Act.
Natural Environment and Communities Act 2006 The Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act 2006, is designed to help achieve a rich and diverse natural environment and thriving rural communities. Under Section 41 there is a Duty to conserve biodiversity; specifically Subsection (1) states “Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity.” Section 41 (S41) of the Act requires the Secretary of State to publish a list of habitats and species which are of principal importance for the conservation of biodiversity in England. The S41 list is used to guide decision-makers such as public bodies, including local and regional authorities, in implementing their duty under section 40, above.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 This Act brings together all the legislation that is specific to badgers, Meles meles, with the exception of their inclusion on Schedule 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, (which prohibits certain methods of taking or capture). The Act makes it an offence to intentionally kill or ill-treat a badger, and destroy, disturb or obstruct a sett. Specifically, it imposes restrictions on works carried out within certain distances of badger setts. Any works that will directly impact on an existing sett are only permitted subject to approval through the issue of a licence from Natural England.
EC Directive Conservation of Natural Habitats & Flora (92/43/EEC) The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 (as amended) are the British response to the Habitats & Species Directive 1992 issued by the European Community (EC) (which is now the European Union (EU)). They offer protection to a number of plant and animal species throughout the EC via the designation of Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs). In the United Kingdom these regulations are implemented through the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). The Regulations for the protection of European Protected Species (EPS) have been amended and consolidated with key changes including the removal of most of the defences from regulation 40 and regulation 43 including the removal of the ‘incidental result of an otherwise lawful operation’ defence, and the increase in the threshold for the offence of deliberately disturbing an EPS. Proposals that will affect European protected species may require a licence from Natural England to allow an otherwise unlawful act. In 2009 a new offence of ‘breaching condition of an EPS licence’ was added to the regulations. The licensing process is separate from the planning process. European protected species include all species of bats, great crested newt Triturus cristatus, and European otter Lutra lutra, amongst others.
Policy
National Planning Policy Framework The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was published in March 2012. The policies in the Framework took immediate effect and previous planning guidance in PPGs and PPSs has been revoked and replaced by NPPF. Therefore NPPF is a material consideration in all planning decisions from March 2012. NPPF refers the responsibilities of the local authorities to conserve the natural environment with respect to the use of the ‘Circular 6/2005: Biodiversity and Geological Conservation – Statutory Obligation and their Impact within the Planning System’ as guidance in this process. All public bodies including local planning authorities are required to consider habitats and species of Principal
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Importance listed in Section 41 of the NERC Act and Priority Species / Habitats within Biodiversity Action Plans when considering a planning application. The NPPF states that “the planning system should contribute to and enhance the natural and local environment by…minimising impacts on biodiversity and providing net gains in biodiversity where possible, contributing to the Government’s commitment to halt the overall decline in biodiversity.” The NPPF also promotes the application of the mitigation hierarchy to protect biodiversity whereby “if significant harm resulting from a development cannot be avoided, adequately mitigated, or, as a last resort, compensated for, then planning permission should be refused.”
Non-Statutory Local Sites Non-statutory local sites are referred to as Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) within the region. These sites are of county importance for their wildlife value. They have no statutory protection but are recognised by Local Authorities and statutory agencies and their presence is fully considered when determining planning application.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
3 Methodology
3.1 Desk Study Protected species and designated sites records within a 2km radius of the site were obtained from Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre. In addition, online ecological information sources were consulted, including: Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC) website - www.magic.gov.uk. Ordnance Survey maps (1:10,000 scale) were examined for the presence of known waterbodies within 250m of the site. The following historical report for the site was also reviewed: Carl Bro Group Ltd (2006) ‘Adwick Woodlands (Brodsworth Colliery Development) – Ecology Report and Recommendations.’
3.2 Field Surveys To inform the development of a site wide masterplan at Brodsworth Quarry a Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA) was initially undertaken at the proposed development site in June 2015. The Phase 1 Habitat survey identified the potential for the following species or species groups to be present on-site: bats; badger; breeding birds; reptiles; great crested newts; and invertebrates. Therefore the following species specific surveys were undertaken within and contiguous to the development site between June and September 2015: Badger survey. Great crested newt (eDNA) survey. Bat activity surveys. Reptile surveys. Breeding bird survey. Invertebrate surveys. Field survey areas were defined for individual receptors based on their: Predicted / likely ecology and behaviour locally. Accessibility. Radius of likely significant impacts. The availability of biological records. Full survey methodologies are detailed below (Sections 3.2.1 – 3.2.8).
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
3.2.1 Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA) A Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA) of the proposed development site at Brodsworth Quarry was undertaken in June 2015. The PEA encompasses both a Phase 1 Habitat survey and protected species scoping study of the site. The Phase 1 Habitat survey followed standard guidance and involved identifying and mapping areas of homogenous vegetation (JNCC, 20101). The PEA also conforms to the new British Standard BS42020:2013 Biodiversity Code of Practice for Planning and Development. The faunal species scoping comprised a review of the habitats present and their potential to support protected or otherwise notable faunal species. Detailed faunal surveys were not undertaken during the Phase 1 Habitat survey; rather the potential for the site to support each species or species group was assessed based on the known likely range of each species or species group and the suitability of the habitats within the site. Field signs or sightings of such species were recorded as observed.
3.2.2 Invasive Species The list of invasive plant species included on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) is extensive and these plants are found in a range of different habitats, including aquatic habitats. The survey checked, in particular, for the presence of Japanese knotweed Fallopia japonica, giant knotweed Fallopia sachalinensis, Fallopia japonica x Fallopia sachalinensis (a hybrid knotweed), giant hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum and Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera.
3.2.3 Badger Survey Areas of suitable habitat for badgers identified within and contiguous to the proposed development site area during the Phase 1 Habitat walkover survey were surveyed in relation to badgers in June 2015. The basic survey methodology followed Harris et al. (19892). The survey involved walking through suitable areas of habitat thoroughly searching for the following signs of badgers: Setts. Latrines. Mammal paths. Footprints. Hairs.
1 Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) (2010) Handbook for Phase 1 Habitat Survey. A technique for environmental audit. Revised re-print. JNCC: Peterborough. 2 Harris, S., Cresswell, P. & Jefferies, D., (1989). Surveying for badgers. Occasional Publication of the Mammal Society No. 9. Mammal Society, Bristol.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Any egress points which may occur under boundary features such as hedgerows and fences were also examined. All active setts identified were assigned a category in accordance with the classification developed by Andrews, 20133: Main setts: The continuously used, breeding and over-wintering sett for a social group of badgers. Only one main sett will exist in each social group’s territory, and will be relatively centrally located within the group’s range. Annexe setts: An annexe of the main sett, linked by well-used surface paths to the main sett (but not connected underground). The annexe sett will be within 150m of the main sett. It may have a small number of holes (or only one). The Annexe sett will not be continuously used. Subsidiary setts: Distant from main sett. Several entrances, but with no well used paths connecting to main sett, and used only seasonally. Located between 50 – 300m from the main sett with unobstructed access for badgers in between. Outlier setts: Distant from the main sett. Small, with one or two entrances only. Used for short periods sporadically, with no obvious, well-used paths connecting to other setts. The level of activity level at each of the setts was also recorded, via the interpretation of field signs, in order to estimate the current frequency with which each badger sett is being used.
3.2.4 Great Crested Newt Survey (eDNA Method) No waterbodies were identified within the proposed development site during the Phase 1 Habitat survey, however seven waterbodies are located within a 250m radius of the site (Table 3.1; Drawing 2). These waterbodies were assessed as to their potential to support a breeding population of great crested newts. This assessment was undertaken using the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) developed by Oldham et al. (2000)4 which considers several habitat/ecological parameters. Habitat variables measured include location, desiccation, water quality, macrophyte cover, terrestrial habitat quality, etc. A value is recorded for each parameter and combined to determine an index of breeding suitability for great crested newts. The HSI is represented by a value from 0 to 1, the higher the value the more likely the waterbody may support breeding great crested newt. eDNA samples were also collected from all six viable waterbodies and analysed by Fera Science Ltd, in accordance with the standard methodology (Biggs et al. 2014)5. All waterbodies were sampled in June 2015 by experienced Arup
3 Andrews, R (2013) Classification of Badger Setts Meles meles in the UK: A Review and Guidance for Surveyors. In Practice. Issue 82 page 27. 4 Oldham, R.S., Keeble, J., Swan, M.J., and Jeffcote, M., (2000) ‘Evaluating the suitability of habitats for the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus)’. Herpetological Journal, 10: 143 – 155. 5 Biggs J, Ewald N, Valentini A, Gaboriaud C, Griffiths RA, Foster J, Wilkinson J, Arnett A, Williams P and Dunn F 2014. Analytical and methodological development for improved surveillance of the Great Crested Newt. Appendix 5. Technical advice note for field and laboratory
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
ecologists. The lead ecologist was registered to hold a Natural England great crested newt survey licence Class 1. The sampling was completed using a sample kit received from the laboratory Fera6 who subsequently completed the laboratory analysis. In accordance with the specified methodology5 the field surveys followed a strict protocol to prevent contamination of the samples; this entailed: Gloves were worn at all times during the sampling process, and gloves were replaced between sample collection from the waterbody and pipetting into the sterile sub-sample tubes. Samples were collected without entering the water. This prevented disturbance of the substrate to limit cross-contamination. The field sampling protocol consisted of the following steps: 1. 20 samples were taken from each waterbody. The location of sub-samples were spaced as evenly as possible around the waterbody margin. Sub- samples generally targeted areas with potential egg laying substrate (e.g. vegetation) and open water areas which newts may be using for displaying. Before each sample was taken the waterbody water column was mixed by gently using a ladle to stir through the entire water column, whilst avoiding disturbing the sediment on the bed of the waterbody. Sampling of very shallow water was avoided where possible (less than 5- 10 cm deep). 2. Once 20 samples had been taken the sample bag was closed securely and shaken for 10 seconds. This mixed any DNA across the whole water sample. 3. A new pair of gloves were put on to keep the next stage as uncontaminated as possible. 4. Using a clear plastic pipette c15mL of water was taken from the bag and pipetted into a sterile tube containing 35mL of ethanol to preserve the eDNA sample (i.e. the tube was filled to the 50 mL mark). 5. The tube was shaken vigorously for 10 seconds to mix the sample and preservative. This is essential to prevent DNA degradation and was also repeated for each of the six conical tubes. Before taking each sample, the water in the bag was shaken to homogenize the sample, as DNA material constantly sinks to the bottom. 6. The box of preserved sub-samples was then returned at ambient temperature immediately for analysis by Spygen.
sampling of great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) environmental DNA. Freshwater Habitats Trust, Oxford. 6 Fera eDNA Testing Service - Fera Science Ltd. (Fera) Sand Hutton York YO41 1LZ.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
The same sampling protocol was repeated for each of the six waterbodies surveyed. The samples were then returned to Fera Science Ltd within 24 hours of their collection for the eDNA analysis to be completed. Table 3.1: Waterbodies located within a 250 radius of Brodsworth Quarry.
Waterbody name Grid reference Kit number
Waterbody 1 SE 5238 0778 515-070960
Waterbody 2 SE 52409 07689 515-070966
Waterbody 3 SE 52633 07603 515-070961
Waterbody 4 SE 53019 07462 515-070959
Waterbody 5 SE 52915 07453 Waterbody was dry at time of sampling therefore no sample was collected.
Waterbody 6 SE 52757 07491 515-070958
Waterbody 7 SE 52520 07488 515-070963
3.2.5 Bat Activity Surveys To characterise bat activity across the site in accordance with the Bat Survey Guidelines (Hundt, 20127), monthly transect surveys were undertaken at the development site in July, August and September 2015. The purpose of the surveys were to identify actual and potential bat commuting, foraging and roosting features within the site. Surveys were supplemented by automated recordings. The automated recorder was placed out on site and left to record for five consecutive nights (during suitable weather conditions). This data was then analysed. This enables the value of key habitats on-site to be assessed. The route of the bat transect survey and SM2 location is illustrated in Drawing 3. The condition and timings of surveys are summarised in Table 3.2. Each transect started at dusk and continued for approximately two hours, or started two hours before dawn and continued until dawn. The transect route incorporated all habitat features on site and the route was varied on each occasion to detect temporal change in use of habitat features Three minute stops were spaced evenly around the transect.
7 Hundt, L (2012). Bat Surveys: Good Practice Guidelines, 2nd edition, Bat Conservation Trust.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Table 3.2: Bat transect survey details.
Date Dusk/dawn time Weather conditions 29/07/15 19:06 Precipitation: Light rain approx. 22:30 for about 10 minutes bat activity recorded Cloud: 100% Wind: Beaufort 1-2 Temperature: 12-13°C 26/08/15 20:08 Precipitation: None Cloud: 30% Wind: Beaufort 2-3 Temperature: 18°C 22/09/15 19:03 Precipitation: Occasional light drizzle Cloud: 100% Wind: Beaufort 1Temperature: 15°C
Table 3.3: SM2 Weather Conditions
Date8 Weather 29/072015 Minimum Temperature 9°C Precipitation: None 30/07/2015 Minimum Temperature 9°C Precipitation: 2mm 31/07/2015 Minimum Temperature 6°C Precipitation: None
01/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 02/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 03/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 12°C Precipitation: None 04/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 05/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 14°C Precipitation: None 06/08/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None
02/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 03/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 12°C Precipitation: None 04/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 05/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 06/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 12°C Precipitation: None 07/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None 08/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 14°C Precipitation: None 09/09/2015 Minimum Temperature 11°C Precipitation: None
3.2.6 Reptile Surveys To determine the usage of the proposed development site by reptiles, reptile surveys were undertaken at the site. The reptile survey was based on the methodology for tinning (i.e. using artificial refuges) as described by Froglife
8 In September the SM2 recorded on slightly different dates so more than five nights of weather conditions are provided. Refer to Appendix E for all bat passess recorded by the SM2.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
(1999)9 and the HGBI (1998)10. Surveys were undertaken in September-October 2015, which is in the optimal period for undertaking reptile surveys. Seven survey visits were made between ~0800 – ~1100hrs or between ~1600 – ~1900hrs in appropriate weather conditions (Table 3.3). Appropriate artificial refugia can be either light (weight) gauge corrugated iron (tins) or roofing felt that is dark in colour. In this instance a mixture of roofing felt and corrugated iron tins were used and cut to an approximate area of 0.5m2. The refugia were left for two weeks (installed 14/08/15), prior to survey, to permit a maturation phase to occur. This period allows animals to habituate to the refugia and ensures re-growth of cover/vegetation. During each survey visit any observations were documented including information such as date, weather conditions, species, sex, numbers and location. To ascertain the relative size of a reptile population, survey results have been interpreted using the Key Reptile Site Register scoring (Froglife 19999). The refugia were placed in several locations in appropriate habitat across the development site (Drawing 4). This included any interface habitats deemed to offer potential. The areas selected for survey were based on a number of factors, including the suitability of the habitat. The specific placement of refugia allows for reptile ‘hotspots’ to be targeted and ensures efficient use of refugia. Specifically, habitat suitability for reptiles is determined by several factors, namely: Prevailing aspect. Slope. Vegetation structure. Public pressure. Topography. Shaded area. Grazing/cutting pressure. Connectivity. Area. Prey availability. Table 3.3: Reptile Surveys - Summary of timings and weather conditions.
Visit number Date Survey Time Weather conditions 1 03/09/15 09:00-11:00 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Damp
9 Froglife. 1999. Reptile survey: an introduction to planning, conducting and interpreting surveys for snake and lizard conservation. Froglife Advice Sheet 10. Froglife: Halesworth. 10 Herpetofauna Groups of Britain and Ireland (HGBI). 1998. Evaluating local mitigation/translocation programmes: Maintaining best practice and lawful standards. HGBI advisory notes for Amphibian and Reptile Groups (ARGs). HGBI, c/o Froglife: Halesworth.
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Visit number Date Survey Time Weather conditions Temperature range: 11 - 14°C Wind speed: Beaufort 1 Cloud cover: 40% 2 14/09/15 16:00-17:10 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Wet ground Temperature range: 10- 12°C Wind speed: Beaufort 2 Cloud cover: 100% 3 18/09/15 08:40 – 09:45 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Dew on the ground Temperature range: 12 – 18°C Wind speed: Beaufort 1 Cloud cover: 10% 4 23/09/15 11:00-12:10 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Dew Temperature range: 14°C Wind speed: Beaufort 1-2 Cloud cover: 60% 5 25/09/15 10:30-11:35 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Dew Temperature range: 13°C Wind speed: Beaufort 1-2 Cloud cover: 50% 6 30/09/15 09:15-11:45 Precipitation: Dry Ground conditions: Dew Temperature range: 14 - 18 Wind speed: Beaufort 0-1 Cloud cover: 90%
7 08/10/15 14:00 – 16:00 Precipitation: None Ground conditions: Dry Temperature range: 15°C - 13°C Wind speed: Beaufort 1-2 Cloud cover: 70%
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3.2.7 Breeding Bird Survey A breeding bird survey was undertaken to assess the breeding bird assemblage at the proposed development site. The survey broadly followed the breeding bird survey (BBS) methodology in Gilbert et al. (199811). This entailed two separate surveys spaced so to record late breeding bird activity. Non-linear transects were walked at a slow pace including all field boundaries to record bird song and calls, territorial aggression, displaying, adults carrying food or nesting material, juvenile birds and family groups. The routes around each plot were replicated for each survey although the order and direction in which they were taken was varied so as to minimise any recording bias. The surveys were carried out from 0500 - 1100 hours (in accordance with British Trust for Ornithology guidelines) in suitable weather conditions avoiding strong winds, heavy rain, fog and low cloud. The conditions and timings of the surveys are summarised below in Table 3.4. Table 3.4: Breeding Bird Surveys - Summary of timing and weather conditions of each survey. Date Timing Weather conditions 26.06.15 05.30 - 09.30 Cloud cover 100%, dry, calm wind (E) 14.07.15 05.30 - 09.30 Cloud cover 80%, dry, calm wind (S)
Standard British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) notation and symbols were used on field maps showing species and any relevant activity (Bibby et al. 199212). A territory mapping survey was undertaken in which all singing birds were recorded, (it is assumed that a singing bird is a territorial male and thus indicative of the presence of a breeding pair), and their locations marked on a map on each visit. The estimated centre of all breeding territories were then plotted using the results from each visit (based on mean positions of the data sets). Non-breeding birds or those for which breeding could not be confirmed were also recorded. The breeding status of birds encountered within the site was classified in three categories as described below (EOAC, 197913): Confirmed breeding (Cb): Distraction display or injury feigning; used nests or eggshells found (occupied or laid within the survey period); recently fledged young or downy young; adults entering or leaving a nest site in circumstances indicating occupied nest or an adult sitting on nest; adults carrying food for young or faecal sacs; nest containing eggs and; nest with young seen or heard. Probable breeding (Prb): Pairs observed in suitable nesting habitat in breeding season; permanent territory presumed through registration or territorial behaviour (song etc.) on at least two different days at the same place; display
11 Gilbert, G., Gibbons, D.W. & Evans, J. (1998) Bird Monitoring Methods: a manual of techniques for key UK species. RSPB, Sandy. 12 Bibby, C.J., Burgess, N.D. & Hill, D.A. (1992) Bird Census Techniques. Academic Press, London. 13 EOAC. (1979). Categories of Breeding Bird Evidence. European Ornithological Atlas Committee.
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and courtship; visiting probable nest site; agitated behaviour or anxiety calls from adults; building nest or excavating nest hole. Possible breeding (Pob): Species observed in breeding season in possible nesting habitat. Singing male(s) present or breeding calls heard in breeding season. Non-breeding (Nb): Species considered to be non-breeding (migrant or summering). Further detail regarding the survey methodology for breeding birds at the site is provided within Appendix B.
3.2.8 Invertebrate Surveys To provide information on the invertebrate assemblage on the proposed development site, an invertebrate assessment was undertaken. This involved undertaking three survey visits between July and September 2015 using the following methods: Sweep sampling: this provided the main proportion of the survey element. This method is the most efficient method of cataloguing a site’s invertebrate resource. Spot sampling: was employed to collect large, conspicuous invertebrates such as bees and wasps from flowering plants and to supplement the sweep samples. Grubbing and beating: beetles and other crawling invertebrates were visually searched for and beaten from scrub. Any short turf and bare ground was grubbed for surface running beetles and bugs. Waterbody sampling: Any waterbodies were sampled using the Natural England guidance in NERR005. The survey visits were followed by laboratory analysis of the samples collected during the site visits. Further detail regarding the survey methodology is provided in Appendix C.
3.3 Ecological Impact Assessment Methodology For the purpose of the non-statutory EcIA, an initial high level assessment has been provided to determine the value of each ecological receptor. This has broadly followed the published guidance by CIEEM as detailed14: Firstly, the value of ecological resources potentially affected by the proposed development is assessed. The ecological resources and features present on the site are assigned values within this section using a geographical scale of reference, according principally to their biodiversity value, plus any social, community or economic value that can be attributed to them, as well as their legal protection status. Evaluation is based upon both the baseline data established by survey and consultation, and the context of the records against the established criteria,
14 IEEM (2006) ‘Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in the UK’.
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appropriate policies and guidance. Furthermore, professional judgement is used, based upon available information on that resource or feature, such as local distribution and status, wider population trends and expert advice. Evaluation criteria are provided in Table 3.5. Table 3.5: Ecological evaluation criteria based on potential geographic significance.
Importance for ecology Description and nature conservation International Statutory internationally designated sites identified through international conventions and European directives such as Special Protection Area (SPA), Special Area for Conservation (SAC), and Ramsar Sites. Site supporting an internationally important population of a species or species assemblage. National Statutory nationally designated site such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and National Nature Reserves (NNR). Sites supporting a nationally important population of a species or species assemblage. County Non-statutory designated sites identified in local plans such as Local Wildlife Sites (LWS). Statutory designated LNRs. Sites supporting a population of a species or species assemblage importance in a county context. District Non-statutory designated sites given lower than county importance for nature conservation. Sites supporting a population of a species or species assemblage importance in a district context. Local Sites that have no formal designation but contain species or habitats that are important to the ecological integrity of the local area. The Site (redline An ecological resource that would not fulfil the above criteria and boundary) Importance is common within the local area and is of low intrinsic value.
3.3.1 Ecological Significance The masterplan had not been completed at the time of writing. Therefore it is not possible to assess the potential impacts (including the ecological significance of a potential impact) on identified sensitive ecological receptors as a result of proposed construction and operational activities.
3.4 Survey Limitations Ecological surveys are limited by factors which affect the presence of plants and animals such as the time of year, migration patterns and behaviour. Therefore, the absence of evidence of any particular species should not be taken as conclusive proof that the species is not present or that it will not be present in the future. However, professional judgement allows for the likely presence of these species to be predicted with sufficient certainty so as to not significantly limit the validity of these findings. Updated badger surveys were undertaken at the site in June 2015. Due to the dense nature of the understorey scrub and vegetation in parts of the site not all
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areas of suitable habitat could be accessed. However, all accessible areas, woodland edges and boundaries features were thoroughly searched for signs of badgers (e.g. mammal tracks, foot prints, hairs, egress points under fence lines, etc.) to confidently provide a reliable analysis to determine the presence or likely absence of badger at the site. The period when breeding bird surveys are typically completed extends from mid- March to July. Surveys commenced at the site part way through the breeding bird season (two breeding bird surveys were undertaken in June and July 2015). Although it is considered that the condensed survey effort at the site provided a reliable synopsis of bird species, usage and overall importance on which to robustly assess the value of the site in relation to birds, it is possible that earlier breeding activity at the site may have been missed. Best practice guidelines indicates that one bat transect should be undertaken each month within the active bat period (i.e. April to September) to assess how bats are using the site. Since surveys commenced at the site in July 2015 it is possible that bat activity at the site earlier within the season may have been missed. However it is considered that the truncated survey effort, which involved three transects between July and September accompanied by automated recordings, provided a reliable analysis of bat usage at the site on which to robustly assess the value of the site for bats. Best practice guidelines indicate that invertebrate surveys should be spread through the survey season from April to September so that the surveys record those species groups in flight/active at different times of year. Since surveys commenced at the site in July 2015 it is possible that some invertebrates active earlier in the season may have been missed. However, it is considered that the condensed survey effort, which included three surveys at the site between July and September 2015, provided a reliable synopsis of invertebrate assemblage’s/groups at the site on which to robustly assess the value of the site in relation to invertebrates.
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4 Results
4.1 Desk Study The results of the data search provided by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre are summarised below. The full data search can be provided on request.
4.1.1 Statutory Designations No statutory designations were identified within the proposed development site at Brodsworth Quarry or a 2km radius surrounding it. The closest Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Owston Hay Meadows SSSI is located 4.1km north east of the proposed development site. This site is designated for its botanical interest. The nearest international designations are located to the east of the site. These included Thorton Moor Special Area of conservation (SAC) and Hatfield SAC and the Thorton and Hatfield Moor SPA. Hatfield Moor is located 15km from site while Thorton Moor is located 20km from site. On review of the designated site Impact Risk Zones, presented on the Magic website, it was observed that the proposed development site is located in the outer Impact Risk Zone of a designation. Further interrogation of Magic indicates that the only developments of interest in this zone are airports, helipads and other aviation proposals.
4.1.2 Non-Statutory Designations
4.1.2.1 Local Wildlife Sites Eight Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) are located within the 2km search radius surrounding the proposed development area. Roman Ridge North and South LWS and Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS are located immediately adjacent to the eastern site boundary. Roman Ridge North and South LWS has been designated for its botanical and bird interest. Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS has been designated for its botanical interest associated with the woodland areas. The citations for the Local Wildlife Sites is provided within Appendix E.
4.1.2.2 Habitats of Principal Importance The woodland areas located within the development site has been categorised as Habitat of Principal Importance ‘Deciduous Woodland’ under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006).
4.1.3 Protected Species Records Biological records provided by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre include records of water vole, bats and grass snake. A summary of the records
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identified within the last 15 years is provided in Table 4.1. A historical record (pre 1979) exists for great crested newt approximately 600m south-east of the site. Table 4.1: Flora, mammal, herpetofauna and invertebrate records within 2km. Species/ Species recorded Source No. of Location of nearest record to species records site group Mammals Water vole DBRC 8 Brodsworth Community Woodland approximately 50m south Pipistrelle bat DBRC 1 Residential area at Adwick le Street approximately 1km east Reptiles Grass snake 2 Highfields approximately 600m south-east Licences issued by Natural England are illustrated on the website Magic. This was interrogated to aid understanding of the distribution of protected species in the local area. It was found that no Natural England licences have been issued within 2km of the site but three had been issued within 5km (Table 4.2). Table 4.2: Natural England Licences issued within 5km of the development site.
Species Licence Number Duration of Habitat Type Distance and Licence Impacted Direction from Site Common EPSM2012-5101 2012-2015 Non breeding 2.8km north pipistrelle bat roost east Common EPSM 2010-2685 2011-2013 Non breeding 3.1kn north pipistrelle bat roost east and Whiskered bat Great crested EPSM 2010-3290 2011-2013 Breeding site 3.8km east newt
4.2 Field Surveys
4.2.1 Habitats The results of the Phase 1 Habitat survey, undertaken within the proposed development site, as part of the Preliminary Ecological Appraisal (PEA) are described below. The Phase 1 Habitat map (Drawing 2) illustrates the habitats recorded within the development area. A botanical species list is provided in Appendix A.
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4.2.1.1 Grassland Semi-improved grassland Large areas of semi-improved grassland are present on site where the disturbed ground has naturally re-vegetated (Drawing 2; TN4). As the grasslands have established naturally they include a range of early colonising species with moderate botanical diversity. Grass species include annual meadow grass Poa annua, crested dog’s tail Cynosurus cristatus, creeping bent Agrostis stolonifera, perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne, Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus, rough-stalked meadow grass Poa trivailis, and cock’s-foot Dactylis glomerata. A diverse assemblage of herb species were also recorded within grassland areas including bird’s foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus, red campion Silene dioica, selfheal Prunella vulgaris, tormentil Potentilla erecta, black medic Medicago lupulina, sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia, bladder campion Silene vulgaris, nipplewort Lapsana communis, hedge bedstraw Galium mollugo, ragwort Senecio jacobaea, oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare and meadow vetch Lathyrus pratensis. Two orchid species, including early marsh orchid Dactylorhiza incarnate, and common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsia, were also identified within the grassland areas (Drawing 2; TN5). Marshy grassland An area of marshy grassland is present within the semi-improved grassland located within the southern section of the site (Drawing 2; TN6). This area was dry at the time of the survey but included wetland species, e.g. hard rush Juncus inflexus, compact rush Juncus conglomeratus, false fox sedge Carex otrubae, yellow flag iris Iris pseudacorus, lesser reedmace Typha angustifolia, and greater reedmace Typha latifolia,. Scattered scrub species, dominated by alder Alnus glutinosa and goat willow Salix caprea, were also identified within the peripheral areas surrounding the marshy grassland. A number of dry ditches and sunken hollows were also recorded in connection to the marshy grassland which may hold water during wetter times of the year, however all were dry during the field survey. Smaller pockets of marshy grassland also exist along the southern boundary of the site (refer to TN7). Dominant species include reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea, hard rush, great willowherb Epilobium hirsutum, and creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens. Amenity grassland Small pockets of amenity grassland exist along the road verge and surrounding the car park located to the south (refer to TN8). The grassland is dominated by perennial ryegrass and includes the following forb species, daisy Leucanthemum vulgare, dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg., white clover Trifolium repens and ribwort plantain Plantago lanceolata.
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4.2.1.2 Woodland Semi-natural broadleaved woodland An area of semi-natural woodland on site are dominated by ash Fraxinus excelsior, and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, with frequent silver birch Betula pendula, small leaved lime Tilia cordata, cherry Prunus sp. and field maple Acer campestre (refer to Drawing 2 TN9). Goat willow Salix caprea, wych elm Ulmus glabra, and sweet chestnut Castanea sativa, was identified as occasional. Understorey scrub, dominated by hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, blackthorn Prunus spinosa, elder Sambucus nigra, bramble Rubus fruticosus agg., with occasional dog rose Rosa canina agg. and hazel Corylus avellana, were also identified within woodland areas. Although the majority of trees located within the development site were juvenile and semi-mature, a number of the trees along the eastern boundary were relatively mature in age. Many trees within the woodland area were also observed as being heavily ivy covered. Broadleaved woodland plantations There are also large areas of broadleaved woodland plantation on the site (Drawing 2;TN10). Tree species include ash, sycamore, beech Fagus sylvatica, small leaved lime, wych elm, rowan Sorbus aucuparia, horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum, and silver birch, oak Quercus sp., crack willow Salix fragilis and hornbeam Carpinus betulus. Understorey scrub, which was dense in sections, included blackthorn, hawthorn, bramble, elder with occasional honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum. Small pockets of bracken Pteridium aquilinum, were also identified along the southern boundary of the site. Black poplar (Hybrid) Populus x Canadensis, and Leyland cypress x Cuprocyparis leylandii, have been planted along the western boundary of the site.
4.2.1.3 Scattered Scrub and Tall Ruderal Herbs Scattered scrub, typically dominated by silver birch and goat willow, exists in sporadic pockets across the site; particularly within the southern and central sections of the site. Other scrub species identified on the site include hawthorn, blackthorn, bramble, hazel, elder, small leaved lime, alder, gorse Ulex europaeus and snowberry Symphoricarpos albus. Bands of semi-improved grassland and tall ruderal herbs are present along all linear features within the site boundary (e.g. fence lines, vegetated bunds, etc.) and along woodland margins. Dominant species include Yorkshire fog, cow parsley Anthriscus sylvestris, common nettle Urtica dioica, false oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius, cock’s-foot, cleavers Galium aparine, great willowherb, butterbur Petasites hybridus, coltsfoot Tussilago farfara, broad leaved dock Rumex obtusifolius, common hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, groundsel Senecio vulgaris and hedge bindweed Calystegia sepium. Areas dominated by Himalayan balsam were also recorded beyond the southern site boundary. Himalayan balsam was not recorded on site. Tall ruderal herbs and semi-improved grassland are present within the area of arable set-aside located within the western half of the development site (Drawing
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2; TN11). Dominant species include barren brome Anisantha sterilis, oilseed rape Brassica napus, self-seeded wheat Triticum aestivum, spear thistle Cirsium vulgare, creeping thistle Cirsium arvense, with occasional weld Reseda luteola, poppy Papaver rhoeas, field forget-me-not Myosotis arvensis and groundsel.
4.2.1.4 Buildings and Hardstanding A fenced off electricity sub-station and separate gas works are located within the site. These structures/buildings are surrounded by hardstanding. An extensive network of footpaths intersect the eastern half of the proposed development site. The footpaths were identified to be heavily used by pedestrians during the initial field survey and subsequent species specific surveys.
4.2.1.5 Waterbodies / Drainage Channels A network of interconnecting waterbodies and drainage channels surrounded by semi-improved grassland, scrub and broadleaved woodland exists to the south of the development site. This parcel of land is known as Brodsworth Community Woodlands. The majority of waterbodies are densely vegetated including reed canary grass, lesser reedmace Typha angustifolia, greater reedmace Typha latifolia, and yellow flag.
4.2.2 Invasive Plant Species Although no invasive plant species were identified within the development boundary during the Phase 1 Habitat survey, records of Japanese knotweed have been identified within both Roman Ridge North and South LWS and Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS located immediately east of the proposed site. Areas of Himalayan balsam were also identified beyond the southern boundary of the site.
4.2.3 Fauna
4.2.3.1 Badgers Suitable areas of habitat for badger within and in close proximity to the proposed development site were identified following both the Phase 1 Habitat survey undertaken by Carl Bro in 2006 (Carl Bro, 200615) and the updated Phase 1 Habitat survey undertaken by Arup in 2015. This includes the woodland and scrub located within the site and along the sites boundaries. No signs of badger activity or active badger setts were identified within the proposed development site during survey works undertaken in 2006 or within the updated ecological data searches provided by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre (Section 3.1.3).
15 Carl Bro Group Ltd (2006) ‘Adwick Woodlands (Brodsworth Colliery Development) – Ecology Report and Recommendations.’
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During the badger survey undertaken in 2015 no signs of badgers (e.g. badger hairs, latrines, prints, etc.) or active badger setts were identified within the site or in close proximity to it. A number of mammal holes were identified along the southern site boundary, which links into the electricity sub-station (National Grid Reference SE5230507828; Drawing 2; TN 1). However, given the smaller size of the holes, the lack of any visible collaborating field signs for badger and the presence of rabbit droppings, these holes were deemed to be in use by rabbits and foxes.
4.2.3.2 Riparian mammals Water vole The network of drains and waterbodies within Brodsworth Community Woodland, approximately 50m south of the site, offer suitable habitat for water voles. Furthermore, a number of water vole records were identified within Brodsworth Community Woodland by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre. In relation to the proposed development site, the marshy grassland, shallow excavations and drainage channels were identified as being largely dry during the Phase 1 Habitat survey. Consequently such features were identified as offering sub-optimal habitat for water vole. No other habitat features located within the site boundary were identified as offering suitable habitat for water voles. Due to the distance of the proposed site from the positive records of water voles at Brodsworth Community Woodland (i.e. over 50m) and the lack of suitable habitat for water vole within the site area, water voles are not considered to be a constraint to proposed works. Consequently water voles are not considered further within this report. Otter No records for otter were identified within the biological records provided by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre. No suitable habitat for otter was identified within the site boundary or within close proximity to it. No suitable habitat connections to watercourses which may be utilised by otter were identified. Consequently otter are not considered a constraint to the proposed development and are not considered further within this report.
4.2.3.3 Bats The majority of the trees identified within the development site are juvenile / semi-mature lacking suitable cavities and fissures for roosting bats. Consequently the bulk of the trees were identified to be of negligible habitat in relation to roosting bats. However a number of the mature trees and ivy covered trees, particularly located within the area of mature woodland within the eastern section of the site and along the site boundaries, may offer suitable habitat for bat roosts. It is understood at the time of writing that no mature tree located within the woodland in the eastern section of the site, or along any of the site boundaries, will be removed or directly disturbed as part of the proposals. Consequently no
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further survey work in relation to bat roost potential of suitable trees located within the development site was undertaken at this stage. Extensive areas of suitable bat foraging habitat exists within the site area in the form of mature woodlands, understorey scrub and vegetated linear features. Consequently, to characterise bat activity across the site, a series of bat activity transect surveys were undertaken. Bat activity transect surveys The bat activity transects completed in July, August and September 2015 recorded common pipistrelle and noctule bats commuting and foraging on site. Bat activity identified was predominantly associated with the woodland margins and wooded linear features. The results of the bat activity transects undertaken at the site in July, August and September are illustrated in Drawing 5 (Part 1 – 3). During each of the bat transect surveys the surveyors also carried an Anabat detector which continuously records during the bat transect. This confirmed common pipistrelle, soprano pipistrelle and noctule were present on site (Table 4.3). Table 4.3: Analysis of Anabat Recordings during the Transects.
Transect 29/07/2015 Number of Recordings Common pipistrelle 9 Pipistrelle sp. 2 Transect 26/08/2015 Common pipistrelle 8 Soprano pipistrelle 1 Transect 23/09/2015 Common pipistrelle 13 Nyctalus sp. 2 Soprano pipistrelle 5
Bat Static Recorders (Song Meter 2 (SM2)) The static recorders were placed in four locations during July – September (Drawing 3). The recording identified common pipistrelle, soprano pipistrelle, Myotis sp., Liesler’s and noctule on site. A summary of the results is provided within Table 4.4 below, with more detailed results presented in Appendix D.
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Table 4.4: Total number of bat passes recorded upon the static recorders (SM2) (Note: the number of days each recorder was in place was variable therefore bat pass numbers are not directly comparable).
Location 1 Species Name 29/07/2015 30/07/2015 31/07/2015 01/08/2015 Common pipistrelle 2 2 6 7 Noctule 15 Soprano pipistrelle 3 Location 2 Species Name 7/29/2015 7/30/2015 7/31/2015 8/1/2015 Common pipistrelle 2 3 17 6 Noctule 1 Soprano pipistrelle 2 5 Location 1 Species Name 01/08/2015 02/08/2015 03/08/2015 04/08/2015 05/08/2015 06/08/2015 Common pipistrelle 2 11 34 12 18 14 Leislers 1 Myotis 1 1 Noctule 3185 Nyctalus sp. 112 Soprano pipistrelle112522 Location 2 Species Name 01/08/2015 02/08/2015 03/08/2015 04/08/2015 05/08/2015 06/08/2015 Common pipistrelle 3 14 7 7 11 10 Myotis Noctule 2 2 1 11 1 Nyctalus sp. 1 Soprano pipistrelle114543 Location 3 Species Name 02/09/2015 04/09/2015 05/09/2015 06/09/2015 07/09/2015 08/09/2015 Common pipistrelle112368 Noctule 1 Soprano pipistrelle 1 1 Location 4 Species Name 04/09/2015 05/09/2015 06/09/2015 07/09/2015 08/09/2015 09/09/2015 Common pipistrelle232321862835 Noctule 1 Nyctalus sp. 1 Soprano pipistrelle 9 28 2 3 Common and soprano pipistrelle bats are recorded on all SM2 detectors, which indicates that they are using all of the targeted woodland margins and linear stands of trees. It was noted that of all of the SM2 locations, Location 3 had the lowest level of bat activity (diversity of bats and number of bat passes), this may be in part due to light pollution along this woodland feature. It was also noted that the frequency of passes at Location 4 were higher than at other SM2 location. On review of the data it appears that a single bat is foraging along this woodland edge, producing frequent of calls in close succession.
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Species diversity of bats was observed to be higher at Location 1 and 2. It is at this location that Myotis sp. have been recorded, which are absent from the recordings at Location 3 and 4. This could be due to lower light pollution within this area or also due to an increase in habitat complexity as there are clear linkages to the open water located to the south of the proposed development site. Leisler’s were recorded infrequently on site (3rd August during the 5 night monitoring period but they were also recorded on the 7th and 12th August on the SM2 which continued to record for more than 5 nights Appendix D) at Location 1 and 2 (beyond the core 5 days of recording Appendix D). The recording indicated that the Leisler’s are foraging along the woodland edge. Noctule has also been recorded on site, equally upon the detectors at Location 1 and 2 which suggests that noctule are foraging over the grassland (Drawing 2; TN4). These results support the preferred manner in which these species forage. A number of calls have been recorded at Nyctalus sp. as they could not be definitively allocated to either noctule or Leisler’s.
4.2.3.4 Amphibians No waterbodies were identified within the proposed development site during the Phase 1 Habitat survey. An area of marshy grassland was present within the semi- improved grassland within the southern section of the site. Although this area may hold water at wetter times of the year, the area was identified as being dry during the field survey in June. Therefore, this habitat was considered to be sub-optimal for breeding amphibians. Seven waterbodies are located within 250m of the site, six of which were identified to contain water in June 2015 (Drawing 2). These waterbodies were assessed as to their potential to support a breeding population of great crested newts using the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) assessment. The results of this assessment are presented within Table 4.5.
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Table 4.5: Habitat Suitability Assessment of Waterbodies located within 250m.
Water Terrestrial Prediction Area (sq Pond Water Shade Pond Macrophyte Final HSI Body Grid Reference Location Waterfowl Fish Habitat HSI Sum (Likelihood of m) Permanence Quality (%) Density Cover (%) Score Number Quality GCN) 1 SE 52380778 A 120.00 sometimes poor 90.00 minor absent 6.00 Moderate 60.00 1 0.40 0.50 0.33 0.30 0.67 1.00 1.00 0.67 0.90 0.01 0.62 Average 2 SE 52409 07689 A 400.00 Never dries Moderate 10.00 Major Major 5.00 Moderate 60.00 1 8.00 0.50 0.67 1.00 0.01 0.01 1.00 0.67 0.90 0.00 0.42 Poor 3 SE 52633 07603 A 6300.00 Never dries Moderate 10.00 Major Major 6.00 Moderate 60.00 1 0.20 0.90 0.67 1.00 0.01 0.01 1.00 0.67 0.90 0.00 0.31 Poor 4 SE 53019 07462 A 6200.00 Never dries Moderate 10.00 Major Major 6.00 Moderate 60.00 1 0.20 0.90 0.67 1.00 0.01 0.01 1.00 0.67 0.90 0.00 0.31 Poor 5 SE 52915 07453 A 350.00 annually Moderate 10.00 Major absent 6.00 Moderate 80.00 1 0.60 0.01 0.67 1.00 0.01 1.00 1.00 0.67 0.50 0.00 0.33 Poor 6 SE 52757 07491 A 630.00 Never dries Moderate 10.00 Major Major 6.00 Moderate 80.00 1 1.00 0.90 0.67 1.00 0.01 0.01 1.00 0.67 0.50 0.00 0.34 Poor 7 SE 52520 07488 A 200.00 sometimes Moderate 50.00 Major Major 6.00 Moderate 80.00 1 0.40 0.50 0.67 1.00 0.01 0.01 1.00 0.67 0.50 0.00 0.29 Poor The Habitat Suitability Index provides an indication of the likely potential for great crested newts to be present, however it is not a substitute for a great crested newt survey. Consequently a great crested newt survey utilising the eDNA survey methodology was undertaken at the site. A summary of the results are provided in Table 4.6. Table 4.6: Results of the eDNA analysis.
Waterbody Kit Number Detection of great HSI Score name crested newt Waterbody 515-070960 Negative Average 1 Waterbody 515-070966 Negative Poor 2 Waterbody 515-070961 Negative Poor 3 Waterbody 515-070959 Inconclusive Poor 4 Waterbody N/A – Waterbody dry. Poor 5 Waterbody 515-070958 Negative Poor 6 Waterbody 515-070963 Inconclusive Poor 7 The results confirmed the absence of great crested newt eDNA within four of the six samples at Waterbody 1, 2, 3 and 6. Two of the samples were analysed as being inconclusive (Waterbody 4 and 7). Water levels within these features were low at the time of sampling, therefore, the samples contained high levels of sediment. It is considered that this contamination is why the sample was inconclusive. The Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) results indicated that the two waterbodies with the inconclusive samples were of poor suitability in relation to supporting breeding great crested newts. This is largely owing to the significant presence of fish and water fowl population at these locations combined with poor water quality. Taking into account the condition of these two waterbodies and the negative result from surrounding waterbodies, and in some cases more suitable waterbodies (e.g. WB1). It is concluded that great crested newts are likely to be absent from all seven waterbodies located within 250m of the site and are not
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deemed to be a constraint to the proposed development. Great crested newts are not discussed further within this report. The habitat mosaic of semi-improved grassland, wet grassland, scrub and woodland located within the site boundary, was identified as offering optimal terrestrial habitat for common amphibians. This includes foraging habitat (e.g. grassland) and habitat suitable for hibernation (e.g. tree roots). This conclusion was consequently supported through the presence of smooth newt and common toad beneath felt tiles (C1 and C2 –Drawing 4) used to survey reptiles.
4.2.4 Reptiles A juvenile grass snake was recorded (Photo 4.1) under the reptile refugia (sheet number B19) located along the south facing embankment located within the western section of the site on two occasions (03/09/15 and 09/09/15) (Drawing 4). No other reptile species were recorded within the development site during the seven survey visits. Photo 4.1: Juvenile grass snake at Brodsworth.
Utilising the criteria for site selection of a ‘Key Reptile Site’ developed in Froglife (199916), which allows the classification of the relative size of reptile populations on the basis of survey counts, a low population of grass snake has
16 Froglife (1999) ‘Froglife Advice Sheet 10: reptile survey.’ Froglife, London.
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been recorded within the development site (i.e. fewer than five adult grass snake were observed by one person in one day) (Table 4.7). Table 4.7: Key Reptile Site – Criteria for Site Selection. Low Population Good Population Exceptional Score 1 Score 2 Population Score 3 Adder <5 5-10 >10
Grass snake <5 5-10 >10
Viviparous lizard <5 5-20 >20
Slow-worm <5 5-20 >20
Figures in the table refer to maximum number of adults seen by observation and/or under tins (placed at a density of up to 10 per hectare) by one person in one day.
4.2.5 Birds A total of 34 species were recorded during the two breeding bird surveys undertaken, 11 of which were recorded flying over, one was a non-breeder, five were possible breeders, seven were probable breeders and ten were confirmed breeders. A summary of the birds recorded within the development site is provided within Table 4.8. A number of species of conservation concern were recorded including four red list birds of conservation concern17, nine amber list birds of conservation concern species18, and four Species of Principal Importance19. Notably it is possible that grey partridge Perdix perdix and willow tit Poecile montanus, both red listed species of conservation concern, may breed on-site. No species afforded special protection under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 were recorded on the site. The most important area of the site for breeding birds is the area of mixed scrub, grassland and trees located in the north-west (Drawing No. 2; TN2). The second most important area is the area of semi-improved grassland in the south of the site (TN4). The wooded area in the north of the site (TN9) was also identified as being of some value for birds. See Appendix B for full results.
17 Eaton M.A., Brown A.F., Noble D.G., Musgrove A.J., Hearn R, Aebischer N.J., Gibbons D.W., Evans A, and Gregory R.D., (2009) Birds of Conservation Concern 3: the population status of birds in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. British Birds 102, pp296–34. 18 Eaton M.A., Brown A.F., Noble D.G., Musgrove A.J., Hearn R, Aebischer N.J., Gibbons D.W., Evans A, and Gregory R.D., (2009) Birds of Conservation Concern 3: the population status of birds in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. British Birds 102, pp296–34. 19 Bird species of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity covered under section 41 (England) of the NERC Act (2006).
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Table 4.8: Summary results of breeding bird survey. (Fields highlighted indicate those species which demonstrated signs of breeding).
Bird species BTO Notes Conservation Code status Grey heron H. Nb. Single bird seen flying over the site. Green Ardea cinerea Eurasian sparrowhawk SH Nb. Observed flying over. Accipter nisus Green Kestrel K. Nb. Observed hunting over rough Amber Falco tinnunculus grassland. Grey partridge P. Cb. One estimated territory, with a pair Red; S41 Perdix perdix observed with two juveniles in rough species grassland. Black-headed gull BH Nb. Small numbers observed flying Amber Larus ridibundus over. Lesser Black-backed LB Nb. Recorded flying over the site in Amber Gull small numbers. Larus fuscus Herring gull HG Nb. Small numbers observed flying Red Larus argenteus over. Common stock dove SD Nb. Observed feeding in more open Amber Columba oenas areas of grassland. Common wood pigeon WP Prb. Nine estimated territories. Found Green Columba palumbus throughout the north of the site. Common Swift SI Nb. Small numbers were seen flying Amber Apus apus over the site. Green woodpecker G. Prb. One estimated territory. Recorded Amber Picus viridis on both visits. Common house martin HM Nb. Single bird observed flying over. Green Delichon urbica Grey wagtail GL Nb. Single bird observed flying over. Amber Motacilla cinerea Winter wren WR Cb. A minimum estimate of 5 territories Green Troglodytes were located; found throughout the north troglodytes of the site during the survey. Dunnock D. Cb. A minimum estimate of 9 territories Amber; S41 Prunella modularis were located during the survey. species Robin R. Cb. A minimum estimate of 5 territories Green Erithacus rubecula were located during the survey.
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Bird species BTO Notes Conservation Code status
Song thrush ST Pob. A single territory was located at the Red; S41 Turdus philomelos north of the site in more mature wooded species area. Common blackbird B. Prb. A minimum estimate of 8 territories Green Turdus merula were located during the survey. Blackcap BC Prb. A minimum estimate of 6 territories Green Sylvia atricapilla were located during the survey. Common Whitethroat WH Cb. Two territories found in the north of Amber Sylvia communis the site. Garden warbler GW Pob. Single territory in the north of the Green Sylvia borin site. Chiffchaff CC Cb. Two territories were located during Green Phylloscopus colybita the survey. Willow Warbler WW Prb. One territory was located during the Amber Phylloscopus trochilus survey. Willow tit WT Prb. A bird heard alarm-calling in the Red; S41 Poecile montanus north of the site. species Coal tit CT Pob. Single territory recorded during the Green Periparus ater survey. Blue tit BT Cb. A minimum estimate of 4 territories Green Cyanistes caeruleus were located during the survey. Great Tit GT Prb. A minimum estimate of 6 territories Green Parus major were located during the survey. Long-tailed tit LT Cb. Single territory found in the north of Green Aegithalos caudatus the site. Magpie MG Cb. Two territories located during the Green Pica pica survey. Western jackdaw JD Nb. Small numbers observed flying Green Corvus monedula over. Carrion crow C. Pob. Single bird observed flying over Green Corvus corone carrying food. Common chaffinch CH Prb. A minimum estimate of 3 breeding Green Fringilla coelebs territories were located during the survey European goldfinch GO Prb. A minimum estimate of 3 breeding Green Carduelis carduelis territories were located during the survey. Eurasian siskin SK Nb. Single bird heard flying over. Green Carduelis spinus
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4.2.6 Terrestrial Invertebrates The survey identified 121 species across the development site during the surveys, four of which were identified to be notable and are described further within Table 4.9. Of particular note is the six-belted clearwing identified at the site, which represents one of the more northerly records for this species. Table 4.9: Species of Importance identified at Brodsworth Quarry.
Scientific name Vernacular UK Status Comments name Bembecia Six-belted Nationally The six-belted clearwing is a day-flying moth ichneumoniformis Clearwing Scarce B associated with bird's-foot trefoil. It is most frequently noted from brownfield sites with bird's-foot trefoil that is short and prostrate over bare soils or very short turf. The moth also requires tall grass and is often recorded in close proximity to scrub, which may provide shelter for roosting adult moths. This record represents one of the more northerly for this species. Hippodamia Adonis' Nationally A ladybird commonly associated with dry variegata Ladybird Scarce B heathland sites, especially by the coast, the ladybird was observed on several occasions during all three visits to the site suggesting a strong population. Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar NERC Act The Cinnabar moth is listed on the NERC Act Section Section 41. It is however a species that is still 41** relatively frequent and the listing is largely related to the potential threat of eradication of its host food plant, ragwort. Volucella inanis a hoverfly Nationally This hoverfly was previously restricted to Scarce* southern counties but over the past twenty years has expended its range to much of lowland England and it is now a regular species on flowery sites in summer. The species is now much more common than its status suggests and is now widely regarded as either “local” or “common” by entomologists.
* Species more common than its status suggests. See comments. ** Species still common and listed under the NERC Act for research purposes only. See comments. It was identified that there are a range of habitats on site which are of value to invertebrates. This includes the grassland and scrub mosaic on site which was found to support a diverse range of invertebrates, albeit that it lacked species with high fidelity or scarcity. It was recorded that the unshaded early successional habitats on site had a lower number of species than the grassland and scrub mosaic but the species present were of slightly higher conservation importance, including the six belted clearwing moth. In addition, the marshy grassland was
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found to elevate species diversity on site by supporting fourteen species specifically associated with wetland habitats. It was also noted that those features on site which are south facing with high floral diversity were of value to invertebrates, particularly the south facing embankment which runs through the centre of the site west-east was observed to be of value. Further detail is provided in Appendix C.
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5 Ecological Assessment
An overview of the geographic importance of the habitats and species identified, or considered to be potentially present, is provided in Table 5.1 and 5.2. Unless otherwise stated, confidence levels are certain/near certain’. Table 5.1: Intrinsic evaluation of habitats.
Habitat Geographic Justification Value
Designated site Local Roman Ridge North and South LWS is a locally designated - Roman Ridge site and has been designated for its botanical and bird interest North and and is located immediately adjacent to the eastern site South LWS boundary.
Designated site Local Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS is a locally - Hanging designated site and has been designated for its botanical Woods and interest associated with the woodland areas and is located Highfield immediately adjacent to the eastern site boundary. Lakes LWS
Habitats
Grassland Local The areas of re-colonising habitats located in the southern (Semi- section of the site (TN4) are likely to qualify as Section 41 improved Habitat of Principle Importance ‘Open Mosaic Habitats on grassland) Previously Developed Land’. This is owing to the following features: 1. The area of open mosaic habitat is at least 0.25 ha in size. 2. There is a known history of disturbance at the site which severely modified the soils at the site. 3. The site, in part, comprises early successional communities, albeit relatively small in extent, including areas of re-colonising annuals, ruderal, and flower-rich grassland. 4. The site contains areas of unvegetated bare substrate. 5. The site shows spatial variation, forming a mosaic of early successional communities plus bare substrate, within 0.25 ha. The other grassland areas are unlikely to qualify as Section 41 Habitat of Principle Importance due to the composition / diversity of plant species and lack of key indicator species identified.
Semi-natural Local The mature areas of woodland located within the western broadleaved extent of the site (TN9) and along parts of the southern woodland boundary are likely to qualify as Section 41 ‘Lowland Mixed Deciduous Woodland’ Habitat of Principle Importance.
Marshy Site The small extent of marshy grassland located within the grassland southern section of the site is unlikely to qualify as Section 41 Habitat of Principle Importance (i.e. Coastal Floodplain Grazing Marsh, Reedbed, etc). This is due to the very small
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Habitat Geographic Justification Value
extent of the marshy grassland and the limited plant species diversity identified.
Scrub Site The areas of scrub are not rare for its locality and are locally abundant within the immediate area. However, the areas of scrub are likely to provide an important foraging resource for site fauna (e.g. birds, bats, etc.).
Broadleaved Site Areas of planted broadleaved woodland, tall ruderal herbs and woodland amenity grassland located within the development area are plantations, considered to be important at the site level only. amenity grassland and tall ruderal herbs
Table 5.2: Intrinsic evaluation of fauna.
Species Geographic Justification value
Bats Local Common and soprano pipistrelle, Myotis sp., noctule and Leisler’s bat were recorded on site. These species are not unexpected for the habitats present on site and adjacent to it. Even though Leisler’s are towards their northern edge It was observed that bat activity along the southern boundary of the site was lower than at other locations, which could be due either to light pollution or habitat complexity. Soprano pipistrelle and noctule are listed as S41 species.
Birds Local The site supports a reasonable assemblage of common birds. Notably, grey partridge and willow tit, which are both red listed species of conservation concern, may breed on-site. Both species are listed as Section 41 Species of Principle Importance. No species afforded special protection under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 were recorded on the site. Consequently the site is considered to be of local value for breeding birds.
Grass snake Local A low population of grass snake was recorded within the development site. Grass snake receives partial protection under Section 9 of Schedule 5 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). Grass snake is also listed as a Section 41 Species of Principle Importance. The site is therefore considered to be of local importance for grass snake.
Invertebrates District Four invertebrate species of significant status were identified within the development site. Notably six-belted clearwing has been identified at the site which represents one of the more northerly records for this species. The site is considered to be of District value in relation to invertebrates. This is based on the evaluation which takes into consideration the following: 1. Context of the habitats to the local area.
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Species Geographic Justification value
2. The likely intrinsic value of some of the features to the area. 3. The size of site. 4. The current scarce species recorded from the site. 5. The potential for other scarce species to be found on the site if a full season of surveying was to be undertaken. (Plant, 200920).
20 Colin Plant Associates (UK) Consultant Entomologists (2009) ‘Invertebrate and Ecological Assessment.’
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6 Mitigation and Recommendations
At the time of writing, a masterplan for the site had not been produced. However, following consultation with the HCA it has been assumed that the woodland on site will be retained, while the areas of grassland (Drawing 2; TN4) and tall ruderal herb (Drawing 2; TN11) will be taken forward for residential development. Therefore, the potential routes of ecological impact will be; Construction Phase habitat loss (grassland, scrub, tall ruderal herb); and severance of habitat which supports bats, common amphibians, reptiles, breeding birds and invertebrates. Construction and Operational Phase Disturbance by noise, light, vibration and pollution upon the species listed above and the adjacent Local Wildlife Sites. On this basis, potential impact routes on habitats and species have been identified and potential mitigation measures recommended. A complete Ecological and Landscape Strategy (ELS) would be prepared in advance of the commencement of construction to provide for the establishment of proposed mitigation. This will detail what mitigation measures will be implemented and the means by which these measures will be implemented. This should be undertaken in consultation with the County Ecologist and implemented by the contractor(s). Specific measures proposed within the ELS are outlined below. Mitigation during construction would comprise a combination of procedures and working methods incorporating best practice. The measures would be implemented and monitored in accordance with the detailed proposals included in the ELS. Key measures specific to habitats and fauna would include: For example in light of the transient nature of certain species, e.g., badgers and grass snake, pre-start checks/surveys will be undertaken of areas of appropriate habitat. This is not due to a lack of existing information, but is designed to mitigate any uncertainty that the baseline situation may have changed during the intervening period Programming of site clearance to avoid interference with bird nesting habitat between March and August. If avoidance is not possible, potential nesting areas would be inspected by a suitably experienced ornithologist. If nests are found, works in that area will be postponed until the young have fledged. Fencing of the construction working areas to prevent inadvertent encroachment into neighbouring areas. This is likely to include Herras type fencing of sensitive habitats to be retained.
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The use of fixed working distances (subject to practicability) where the works would be in close proximity to sensitive habitats and associated faunal species. Control and suppression of dust. The adverse impacts on ecological receptors include impacts on vegetation communities, such as changes in communities through plant desiccation, nutrient loading, etc. Control of construction noise is important to minimise disturbance to sensitive species. Procedures related to the careful storage and handling of materials that are hazardous to plant and faunal species. The objectives of any habitat creation are threefold: 1. To offset the loss of existing habitats, enhance or improve existing habitats and create new habitats. 2. To provide ecological integrity of resources to ensure the continuity of existing species and the natural development of opportunities for new species. 3. To ensure the site maintains and potentially provides enhanced permeability within the site, whilst feeding into the wider hierarchy of existing habitat networks.
6.1 Designations
6.1.1 Statutory Designations No statutory nature conservation designations were identified within the proposed development site at Brodsworth Quarry or within a 2km radius surrounding the site. Owston Hay Meadows, the closest SSSI, is located 4.1km north east of the site. The nearest SPA is Thorton and Hatfield Moor (also designated as SAC’s), which covers two moorland areas that are respectively 15km and 20km east of the proposed development site. A review of the Designated Sites Impact Zones identified that the furthest impact zone of a designated area does extend over the proposed development site. However this specifically relates to developments which included airports, helipads and other aviation proposals. Consequently based on the Impact Zones information, understanding that pollution pathways are absent and that the habitats on site will not support SPA qualifying species, it may be concluded that the development will not impact upon any statutory nature conservation designations.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
6.1.2 Non-statutory Designations Two LWS are located immediately adjacent to the eastern site boundary. This includes Roman Ridge North and South LWS and Hanging Woods and Highfield Lakes LWS. Both have been designated in relation to their botanical and ornithological interest. There is to be no direct loss of any habitat located within either adjacent LWS site as a result of the proposed development. However, depending on the final designs, there is the potential for disturbance impacts on the adjacent LWS sites as a result of construction and operational activities at the proposed development site. To minimise potential disturbance impacts on the adjacent LWS sites during construction (e.g. as a result of noise, vibration, lighting, etc.), it is recommended that construction lighting should face inward to the site and away from the LWS and other sensitive boundary habitats. It is recommended that suitable buffer zones are retained between the adjacent LWS along the eastern boundary and the proposed development, in the form of a green corridor. The purpose of this is to minimise potential disturbance impacts on-site fauna utilising the adjacent LWS sites once the site is in operation. It is also recommended that the final lighting design is developed to minimise lighting and light spill on to the adjacent LWS once in operation. It is noted from the LWS citations provided by Doncaster MBC Biological Records Centre that the adjacent LWS’s are in part in an unfavourable condition (e.g. contaminated by Japanese knotweed and subjected to fly tipping in more urban areas) (Appendix A). Consequently opportunities to improve the condition of the adjacent LWSs as part of the Brodsworth development should be considered (e.g. implementing a programme of Japanese knotweed treatment / eradication and clean-up programmes).
It is recommended that consultation is undertaken with Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council to agree all proposed mitigation and enhancement measures in relation to the adjacent LWSs as outlined above.
6.2 Habitats The assessment of habitats on site (Table 5.1) identified that the woodland (Drawing 2; TN9) and semi-improved grassland (open mosaic habitat) (Drawing 2; TN4) are of local value and that the wider mosaic of habitats on site provides a diverse range of habitat niches for faunal species to exploit. The semi-natural broad leaved woodland has been identified for retention, but it is anticipated that the semi-improved grassland would be developed into residential properties. Consideration should be given to whether it is feasible to retain sections of the species rich grassland in situ (e.g. grassland upon the steep embankment which runs west to east across the centre of the site), or whether grasslands could be developed/transplanted on bunds or other habitat/structural features on site. It may be necessary to consider off site mitigation options for the loss of grassland on site.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
It was identified during the Phase 1 Habitat survey that orchids are present within the grassland (Drawing 2; TN5). It is therefore recommended that the distribution of these species is mapped in late May-July 2016, so that these species could be translocated if they cannot be retained in their current location. It is anticipated that the marshy grassland within the eastern section of the site will be lost to development. The loss of these habitat types can be mitigated through the construction of waterbodies and associated wetland features; e.g. within areas of residential open space. Ideally these features need to be located adjacent to habitat linkages, (e.g. hedgerows or woodland margins), as isolation will significantly limit their ecological value. In line with best ecological practise and subject to design constraints, the waterbodies and adjacent habitat should be created with undulating landform giving a variety of water depths with areas of wider drawdown zones to maximise the hydrological diversity. The woodland areas located within the proposed development site were identified to be in an unfavourable condition in parts (e.g. fly tipping combined with a lack of management). Consequently there are opportunities as part of the proposed development to improve and enhance the condition of the areas of existing woodland to be retained on-site by implementing a clean-up programme and by developing a long term management plan. Depending on the confirmed masterplan there are opportunities to provide replacement habitat and habitat enhancement measures within the area of former agricultural land located within the western section of the site (Drawing 2; TN11). This area was identified as being of low ecological value owing to the limited botanical biodiversity identified within this area.
6.2.1 Site Wide Planting The general plantings associated with site landscape should also form the basis of a network of corridors within the residential zones. The objectives are to maximise site permeability whilst providing a limited foraging/sheltering resource. These potential plantings or small scale corridors should form an important link within the whole site. The network of hedges, shrub borders and trees should where possible intersect at core areas of habitat. The core areas within the site are designed to be larger areas of greater ecological diversity which are buffered by other habitats (e.g. areas of grassland and woodland). It is also important to stress that these corridors should also form habitats in their own rights. The suggested objectives governing corridor design should focus on: The planting/corridor being as continuous as possible with minimal breaks; e.g. footpaths. Ideally, plantings/hedges bisected by paths should be situated perpendicular to the long axis of the bisected hedge. The corridor should be supplemented or buffered by the addition of contiguous strips of habitat, e.g. rough species rich grassland margins running along parallel to hedging/shrub strips.
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Crucially the width of the linear corridor should be maximised to inhibit edge effects such as disturbance and increased predation etc. By increasing the width of the corridor or habitat link the opportunities for more species increases. The creation of scalloped edges and/or allowing a degree of sinuosity into the design will increase habitat variation. Thus maximising habitat potential in the form of aspect, microhabitat etc. As a general rule the composition of the wildlife links would incorporate at least five shrub species and three tree species. Species such as hawthorn, oak, ash, blackthorn, hazel, field maple, privet, alder, dogwood, holly and spindle are all suitable species to form the framework of any habitat link. The use of native species is preferred and recommended within areas subject to more sensitive habitat creation, however some non-native or ornamental species are also ecologically valuable and often more appropriate in urban situations.
6.3 Invasive Plant Species No invasive plant species were identified within the proposed development site. However, Japanese knotweed and Himalayan balsam are known to be present within the close proximity to the site boundary. Both Himalayan balsam and Japanese knotweed are listed in Schedule 9, Part II of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) which makes it is an offence to ‘plant or otherwise cause to grow in the wild any plant which is included in Part II of Schedule 9.’ Given the highly invasive nature of both plant species it is recommended that the development site is re-surveyed for invasive plant species prior to construction (ideally during the plant growing season from April- September).
6.4 Badger No signs were found to indicate that there are badger setts or that badgers currently forage on site. However, the habitats on site and within the surrounding area are considered suitable for badgers to forage and construct sets. Therefore, it is recommended at least three months before any works (including vegetation clearance) commence on site, the area is re-surveyed for badger setts. In addition, it is recommended that all contractors are briefed of the potential presence of badgers on site and that deep excavations should have egress points.
6.5 Bats The vegetated boundary features and corridors located within the site boundary were identified to be utilised as a bat foraging / commuting resource for common pipistrelle, soprano pipistrelle, Myotis sp. and Leisler’s bat species. The grassland
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
in the south (Drawing 2; TN4) was used by foraging noctule bats during the transect and SM2 (Static Bat Detector) surveys. It is understood that current proposals for the proposed development are to retain the majority of the mature broadleaved woodland trees and broadleaved woodland plantations located within the site boundary. It is also understood that no tree containing potential bat roost features will be lost as a result of the proposed works. No loss of potential bat roost sites are therefore envisaged as a result of the proposed scheme. Where the loss of a small number of juvenile trees and areas of scrub is unavoidable, mitigation in the form of replacement habitat will be required. All replacement planting should utilise native species, preferably of local provenance, and should be in keeping with the habitats and species established within the wider landscape. It is recommended that enhancing linkages to existing habitats should also be considered. To avoid potential disturbance impacts on foraging bats during construction (e.g. noise, vibration, lighting, etc.), it is recommended that appropriate measures are included within the Ecology and Landscape Strategy (e.g. avoiding overnight working, focusing site lighting to avoid light spill onto adjacent vegetated boundary features, etc.). The final lighting designs should select lighting which is focused on the ground and does not lead to unnecessary light pollution. Lighting should not be excessive and should avoid any ecologically sensitive areas (e.g. the vegetated boundary features and existing woodland / scrub areas). Consideration should also be given to limiting the times that lighting is in use, where it is safe to do so. Consideration should be given as to whether buildings or trees within the development could be enhanced for bats through the installation of bat roosting features e.g. bat boxes, bricks or slates. A range of sizes of boxes should be utilised to include those suitable for maternity roosts for species likely to be encountered on-site (e.g. pipistrelle species). Examples of boxes which may be suitable include the Schwegler 2F, 1FF, 3FS or 1FD boxes.
6.6 Birds The site supports a reasonable assemblage of common bird species. Notably, grey partridge and willow tit, which are both red listed species of conservation concern, and may breed on-site. All wild birds are protected under Part 1 Section 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); therefore, they are protected from being killed, injured or captured, while their nests and eggs are protected from being damaged, destroyed or taken. Any vegetation clearance works which is likely to affect vegetation suitable for nesting should be undertaken outside of the bird nesting season (March – August). If works such as vegetation clearance during the bird nesting season are unavoidable then areas of suitable habitat must be surveyed by a qualified ornithologist immediately prior to the clearance. If no evidence of breeding birds are identified and the survey confirms the absence of nesting birds within the
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
works areas then work can proceed; providing it is done within three days of the survey. If an active bird nest is discovered then a 5m exclusion zone will be defined until the young have fledged the nest. It is also recommended that a mosaic of woodland, grassland and scrub should be retained on-site where possible within the final masterplan. Where this is not possible, mitigation in the form of replacement habitat will be required. All replacement planting should utilise native species, preferably of local provenance, and should be in keeping with the habitats and species established within the wider landscape. Depending on the design of the masterplan, there are also opportunities to improve the habitats located within the former agricultural land, located to the west, and the within the Brodsworth Community Woodland, located to the south, for species of conservation concern which may be displaced by development of the site (e.g. grey partridge). Specifically this could entail: Removal of trees to create an increased amount of rough / open grassland suitable for grey partridge within Brodsworth Community Woodland. Establishment of feeding stations for willow tit within the former agricultural land and Brodsworth Community Woodland. Provision of suitable artificial nest sites for willow tit.
6.7 Reptiles The reptile surveys undertaken at the site confirmed the presence of a low population of grass snake upon a south facing embankment with grassland vegetation. Common reptiles receive partial protected under subsections 9(1) and 9(5) of Schedule 5 of the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). Therefore, it is an offence to deliberately kill, injure or sell common reptiles. In compliance with best practice and to avoid any risk of potential death or injury to reptiles during construction, it is recommended that any vegetation is cleared through phased strimming in areas of suitable reptile habitat. This will entail a finger-tip search by an ecologist, followed by the vegetation being initially strimmed to 5cm above the ground. The vegetation is then left undisturbed for 24 hours for reptiles to relocate themselves. These works would be undertaken during the reptile active period which extends from March-October. Reptile fencing may also be required to prevent reptiles from accessing the construction area. This fencing will be temporary as it is important to allow reptiles to continue move through the site post development. It is recommended that areas suitable for basking grass snake are retained on-site, where possible to do so. This includes the south facing embankment which runs east-west across the centre of the site. Where this is not possible, mitigation in the form of replacement of suitable habitat (including waterbody construction) will be required. It is also recommended that opportunities for creating or improving habitats for reptiles are integrated within wider ecological enhancements at proposed site or within suitable off-site locations (e.g. within Brodsworth Community Woodland). Specifically this should consider the creation of suitable
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
habitat for reptiles focusing on sheltering/foraging, basking and movement opportunities, in line with current guidance (Gent and Gibson 2012).21
6.8 Invertebrates Four invertebrate species of significant status were identified within the development site. Notably six-belted clearwing has been identified at the site which represents one of the more northerly records for this species. The species- rich grassland areas, recently colonised brownfield land and marshy grassland were identified as being of highest value for the invertebrate species which the site supports. It is recommended that these habitats are retained on-site where possible in the first instance. Where this is not possible mitigation in the form of replacement habitat will be required (Section 6.2). Depending on the nature of the final masterplan for the site, there are opportunities for off-site solutions utilising the former agricultural land located to the west (Drawing 2; TN11) or Brodsworth Community Woodlands located to the south. Potential mitigation / enhancement options for invertebrates which may be considered include: Bare ground and early successional mosaics: Where areas of bare ground and recently colonised areas cannot be retained on-site there are opportunities to recreate such habitat on nutrient-poor soils in other locations (e.g. within the former agricultural land to the west or within the wide species-poor verges within Brodsworth Community Woodland located to the south). Newly created areas of bare ground can be either sown with an appropriate flower mix, left to vegetate naturally or have selected flower-rich turfs translocated. Small depressions and ridges should be retained within any areas of newly created bare ground to retain niche habitats for invertebrates. Invertebrate (butterfly) banks: Incorporating invertebrate banks to introduce physical structure and provide sunny aspects and shelter for a range of invertebrates, especially where space is at a premium. This is particularly relevant to butterflies such as the common blue and brown argus, which were frequently recorded from the proposed development site. Specie-rich grasslands: Areas of species-rich grassland can be created as “butterfly meadows” to promote grassland butterflies such as the common blue and brown argus but also other butterfly species. Suitable species mixes include common bird’s-foot trefoil, common fleabane Pulicaria dysentarica, field scabious Knautia arvensis, hawkweeds Hieracium sp., meadow vetchling Lathyrus pratensis, and red clover Trifolim pratense, amongst others. High- density flowering features could also be incorporated into roadside verges and borders to provide an additional resource for invertebrates.
21 Gent, A.H. and Gibson, S.D. (Eds.). 2012. Herpetofauna Worker’s Manual. Revised Re-print. JNCC: Peterborough. 152pp
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
7 Conclusion
The key conclusions and recommendations required are outlined below: Production of an Ecological and Landscape Strategy which will detail all of the mitigation and enhancement measures that will be implemented upon this site. This document will be approved by the County Ecologist. Local Designations: Consideration of incorporating a suitable buffer zone / green corridor along the eastern boundary within the final designs. Consideration of opportunities to improve the condition of the adjacent LWS as part of the proposals. Development of mitigation to prevent indirect impacts upon the LWS through noise and light disturbance. Habitats: The loss of notable habitats (e.g. areas of species-rich grassland, scrub, trees, marsh grassland and recently colonised brownfield areas), where unavoidable, will require mitigation in the form of replacement habitat. On- site and off-site habitat creation / enhancement solutions should be considered within the final designs. Invasive plant species: None were recorded on site but they are present within the local area. Pre-start checks for invasive plant species should be undertaken prior to site preparation works (ideally during the plant growing season March – September). Badgers: No badger setts or signs were identified during the surveys completed on site but the habitat is considered optimal and this species is mobile. Therefore, it is recommended that the site is re-surveyed at least three months prior to development. Bats: Identification of measure to mitigate where possible for the loss of semi- improved grassland (noctule foraging habitat) by either on site or off site mitigation. Final lighting designs should avoid lighting to suitable bat foraging habitat. Consideration should be given as to how bats are commuting through the site to ensure that linkage features are not lost. Birds: Should vegetation clearance be required this should be completed outside the bird nesting season (March to August inclusive). Alternatively a nesting bird survey must be carried out if vegetation clearance works are to be undertaken during the nesting bird season. Suitable mitigation / enhancement measures for birds should be considered (e.g. habitat creation/enhancement measures on-site, installation of feeding stations and artificial nests for key bird species and off-site habitat enhancement measures). Reptiles: The Ecological and Landscape Strategy will detail how reptiles will be displaced from affected sections of the site and how habitats on site, identified for retention, will be protected or enhanced to ensure that common reptiles remain on site post development (e.g. creation of additional habitat and reptile hibernacula, etc.). Invertebrates: Consideration of on-site and off-site enhancement measures for invertebrates (e.g. creation of bare ground / early successional habitats, invertebrate banks and species-rich meadows).
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
This report is the result of survey work undertaken between June and September 2015. This report refers, within the limitations stated, to the condition or proposed development of the site at the time of the inspections. Changes in legislation, guidance, best practice, etc. may necessitate a re-assessment/survey. It is also advised that if there is a delay of over a year in undertaking the works, a re-survey may be required. No warranty is given as to the possibility of future changes in the condition of the site. This report is produced solely for the benefit of the Homes and Community Agency (HCA) and no liability is accepted for any reliance placed on it by any other party. This report is prepared for the proposed uses stated in the report and should not be used in a different context.
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Drawings
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© Copyright Information
P1 10-08-15 JS KP RC
Issue Date By Chkd Appd
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Job Title Brodsworth Quarry
Doncaster Site Location
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15 ! e 4 ! B6 ! ! B9 Car !C6 Paths Park B10 ! ! 47.4m ! Posts B27 B11 3 C5 B25 0 1 !! B13 9 Shaft (dis) ! B29 !! C7 ! B12 B24 47.6m 13 Fitzroy Street ! London W1T 4BQ Shaft (dis) ! B14 ! B16 Tel +44 20 7636 1531 Fax +44 20 7580 3924 ! www.arup.com Shaft (dis) ! B15 45.2m ! B18 Client
P B17 a ! Homes & Communities Agency th B20
s ! ! D 0 rain B19 4 ! C8 B21 ! Job Title ! B22 ! C10 B23 Brodsworth Quarry ! ! ! C4 C9
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62 Legend 38.3m
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96 51 BALK 45KHz Pipistrelle Foraging
RIDGE
53 1 45.2m 2 C Tk Unknown Bat Species MARSON AVENUE
48.0m 63 Commuting
12 Lay-by LONG LANDS LANE
Def 15 Start (20:42)
92 75 Unknown 48.9m 88 52.6m 86 species 22 End (23:10) 2 0.91m RH
Ps 3 Minute Stop 31
20 1
67 Bat Activity Recorded 28 82 45 KHz
Pipistrelle 13 78
42 59 1 WEST AVENUE
Grange 25
44
48 Track
52 37
Path (um) 7 76
Electricity Sub Station 39
57 45
Path Gas Gov 49
13 66
Path ETL 45 KHz
THE © Copyright Information 45 KHz Pipistrelle Path (um) 45 Pipistrelle CRESCENT ETL P1 24-09-15 LW LS RC
19
Terry Holt 54 ETL Issue Date By Chkd Appd 45 KHz
2 x 45 KHz Pipistrelle 45 KHz Metres Pipistrelle Roman Ridge 31
Pond 25 Path Pipistrelle 0 50 100 200 44.1m Finish (23:10) 42 Car Paths Park 47.4m Posts
30
19 Shaft (dis) Drain 47.6m Shaft (dis)
13 Fitzroy Street Shaft (dis) Path (um) 45.2m London W1T 4BQ Tel +44 20 7636 1531 Fax +44 20 7580 3924 Paths www.arup.com
Paths Drain
40 Client Homes & Communities Agency
Job Title Brodsworth Quarry
Track Paths
Path Drain Drain Paths Start (20:42) Bat Transect Results July 2015 Drain
FB Def Scale at A3
Drain Paths Not to scale
Job No Drawing Status
Ward Bdy Paths 244316-00 Preliminary
Pond Drawing No Issue 005 Part 1 P1
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Def 15 75 48.9m 88 52.6m 3 Minute Stop 86 45 KHz 22 2 0.91m RH Pipistrelle Bat Activity Ps
31 Recorded
20
1 67
28 82 13 78
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44
48
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THE Path (um) 45 P1 24-09-15 LW LS RC
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19 Issue Date By Chkd Appd
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0 50 100 200
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Start (20:15) 44.1m 42 Car Paths Park 47.4m Posts
30
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Paths Homes & Communities Agency Paths Drain
Job Title Brodsworth Quarry
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MXD Location © Arup A3
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53 Pipistrelle 1 45.2m 2 C Tk 45KHz Pipistrelle
MARSON AVENUE Commuting 48.0m 63
45 KHz 12 Lay-by LONG LANDS LANE Noctule Commuting
Pipistrelle Def 15 75 48.9m 88 52.6m Start (19:15) 86 22
2 0.91m RH Finish (20:45)
Ps 31
20
1 67 3 Minute Stop Noctule 28 82
Bat Activity 13 78
42
59 Recorded 1
WEST AVENUE 25
44
48
45 KHz 45 KHz 37
Pipistrelle 76
Path (um) 7
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57 45
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© Copyright Information
13 66
Path ETL P1 24-09-15 LW LS RC
THE Path (um) 45
CRESCENT Issue Date By Chkd Appd ETL
19
Terry Holt 54 Metres ETL 0 50 100 200
Roman Ridge 31 Pond Finish (20:45) Start (19:15) 25 Path
44.1m 45 KHz Pipistrelle 42 Car Paths Park 47.4m Posts
30
19 13 Fitzroy Street Shaft (dis) London W1T 4BQ Drain 47.6m Tel +44 20 7636 1531 Fax +44 20 7580 3924 Shaft (dis) www.arup.com
Shaft (dis) Client Path (um) 45.2m Homes & Communities Agency Paths
Paths
Drain 45 KHz 40 45 KHz Pipistrelle Pipistrelle Job Title Brodsworth Quarry
2 x 45 KHz Pipistrelle Paths 2 x 45 KHz 45 KHz Bat Transect Results Pipistrelle 23rd September 2015 Path Pipistrelle Drain Drain Paths
Scale at A3
Drain Not to scale
Job No Drawing Status
FB Def 244316-00 Preliminary
Paths Drawing No Issue 005 Part 3 P1
adBdy Ward Paths MXD Location © Arup
Appendix A Species List
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Scrub and Trees
Alder Alnus glutinosa Ash Fraxinus excelsior Beech Fagus sylvatica Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Cherry Prunus sp. Crack willow Salix fragilis Elder Sambucus nigra Field maple Acer campestre Goat willow Salix caprea Gorse Ulex europaeus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hazel Corylus avellana Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum Horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Leyland cypress Cupressus × leylandii Oak Quercus sp. Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Silver birch Betula pendula Small leaved lime Tilia cordata Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Wych elm Ulmus glabra
Grassland / Tall ruderal herbs
Annual meadow grass Poa annua Barren brome Anisantha sterilis Bird’s foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Black medic Medicago lupulina Bladder campion Silene vulgaris Broad leaved dock Rumex obtusifolius Chickweed Stellaria media Cleavers Galium aparine Cock’s-foot grass Dactylis glomerata Coltsfoot Tussilago farfara Common mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum Common nettle Urtica dioica Common poppy Papaver rhoeas Common ragwort Senecio jacobaea Common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common teasel Dipsacus fullonum Common vetch Vicia sativa Couch grass Elymus repens Cow parsley Anthriscus sylvestris Creeping bent Agrostis stolonifera Creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens Creeping cinquefoil Potentilla reptans Creeping thistle Cirsium arvense Crested dog’s tail Cynosurus cristatus Daisy Bellis perennis Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg. Dog rose Rosa canina Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis Early marsh orchid Dactylorhiza incarnata False-oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius Fat hen Chenopodium album Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Field forget-me-not Myosotis arvensis Field horsetail Equisetum arvense
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata Germander speedwell Veronica chamaedrys Great willowherb Epilobium hirsutum Greater plantain Plantago major Groundsel Senecio vulgaris Hedge bedstraw Galium mollugo Hedge bindweed Calystegia sepium Hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica, Herb robert Geranium robertianum Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera, Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria Meadow buttercup Ranunculus acris Meadow vetch Lathyrus pratensis Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Nipplewort Lapsana communis Oilseed rape Brassica napus Oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola Red campion Silene dioica Red clover Trifolium pratense Ribbed melilot Melilotus officinalis Ribwort plantain Plantago lanceolata Rosebay willowherb Epilobium augustifolium Rough stalked meadow grass Poa trivailis Sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia Scentless mayweed Tripleurospermum inodorum Selfheal Prunella vulgaris Self-seeded wheat Triticum aestivum Silverweed Argentina anserina
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Smooth sow thistle Sonchus oleraceus Tormentil Potentilla erecta Tufted-hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa Weld Reseda luteola White campion Silene latifolia White clover Trifolium repens Wild mignonette Reseda lutea Yarrow Achillea millefolium Yellow flag iris Iris pseudacorusand Yellow loosestrife Lysimachia vulgaris Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus
Reedbeds / Wet grassland
Common reed Phragmites australis Compact rush Juncus conglomeratus False fox sedge Carex otrubae Greater reedmace Typha latifolia Lesser bulrush Typha angustifolia Hard rush Juncus inflexus Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea
Scrub and Trees
Alder Alnus glutinosa Ash Fraxinus excelsior Beech Fagus sylvatica Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Cherry Prunas sp. Crack willow Salix fragilis Elder Sambucus nigra Field maple Acer campestre
244316-00/S001 | Issue 1 | 28 October 2015 Page A4 \\GLOBAL\EUROPE\LEEDS\JOBS\240000\244316-00\0 ARUP\0-15 ENVIRONMENTAL\0-15-08 REPORTS\ECIA\BRODSWORTH QUARRY_ECIA_OCTOBER 2015_ISSUE 1.DOCX
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Goat willow Salix caprea Gorse Ulex europaeus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hazel Corylus avellana Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum Horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Leyland cypress Cupressus × leylandii Oak Quercus sp. Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Silver birch Betula pendula Small leaved lime Tilia cordata Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Wych elm Ulmus glabra
Grassland / Tall ruderal herbs
Annual meadow grass Poa annua Barren brome Anisantha sterilis Bird’s foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus Black medic Medicago lupulina Bladder campion Silene vulgaris Broad leaved dock Rumex obtusifolius Butterbur Petasites hybridus Chickweed Stellaria media Cleavers Galium aparine Cock’s-foot grass Dactylis glomerata Coltsfoot Tussilago farfara Common mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum Common nettle Urtica dioica Common poppy Papaver rhoeas Common ragwort Senecio jacobaea
244316-00/S001 | Issue 1 | 28 October 2015 Page A5 \\GLOBAL\EUROPE\LEEDS\JOBS\240000\244316-00\0 ARUP\0-15 ENVIRONMENTAL\0-15-08 REPORTS\ECIA\BRODSWORTH QUARRY_ECIA_OCTOBER 2015_ISSUE 1.DOCX
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common teasel Dipsacus fullonum Common vetch Vicia sativa Couch grass Elymus repens Cow parsley Anthriscus sylvestris Creeping bent Agrostis stolonifera Creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens Creeping cinquefoil Potentilla reptans Creeping thistle Cirsium arvense Crested dog’s tail Cynosurus cristatus Daisy Bellis perennis Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg. Dog rose Rosa canina Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis Early marsh orchid Dactylorhiza incarnata False-oat grass Arrhenatherum elatius Fat hen Chenopodium album Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Field forget-me-not Myosotis arvensis Field horsetail Equisetum arvense Garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata Germander speedwell Veronica chamaedrys Great willowherb Epilobium hirsutum Greater plantain Plantago major Groundsel Senecio vulgaris Hedge bedstraw Galium mollugo Hedge bindweed Calystegia sepium Hedge woundwort Stachys sylvatica, Herb robert Geranium robertianum Himalayan balsam Impatiens glandulifera, Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium
244316-00/S001 | Issue 1 | 28 October 2015 Page A6 \\GLOBAL\EUROPE\LEEDS\JOBS\240000\244316-00\0 ARUP\0-15 ENVIRONMENTAL\0-15-08 REPORTS\ECIA\BRODSWORTH QUARRY_ECIA_OCTOBER 2015_ISSUE 1.DOCX
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria Meadow buttercup Ranunculus acris Meadow vetch Lathyrus pratensis Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Nipplewort Lapsana communis Oilseed rape Brassica napus Oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola Red campion Silene dioica Red clover Trifolium pratense Ribbed melilot Melilotus officinalis Ribwort plantain Plantago lanceolata Rosebay willowherb Epilobium augustifolium Rough stalked meadow grass Poa trivailis Sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia Scentless mayweed Tripleurospermum inodorum Selfheal Prunella vulgaris Self-seeded wheat Triticum aestivum Silverweed Argentina anserina Smooth sow thistle Sonchus oleraceus Tormentil Potentilla erecta Tufted-hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa Weld Reseda luteola White campion Silene latifolia White clover Trifolium repens Wild mignonette Reseda lutea Yarrow Achillea millefolium Yellow flag iris Iris pseudacorusand Yellow loosestrife Lysimachia vulgaris Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus
244316-00/S001 | Issue 1 | 28 October 2015 Page A7 \\GLOBAL\EUROPE\LEEDS\JOBS\240000\244316-00\0 ARUP\0-15 ENVIRONMENTAL\0-15-08 REPORTS\ECIA\BRODSWORTH QUARRY_ECIA_OCTOBER 2015_ISSUE 1.DOCX
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Marshy grassland
Common reed Phragmites australis Compact rush Juncus conglomeratus False fox sedge Carex otrubae Greater reedmace Typha latifolia Hard rush Juncus inflexus Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea
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Appendix B Breeding Bird Survey
Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Breeding bird survey
August 2015
Habitat Assessment & Evaluation | Protected Species Work | Ecological Advice
Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Control Sheet
Job reference: CSE057-001 Title: Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster Type: Breeding Bird Survey Client: ARUP Prepared by: Craig Sandham Version: v1.0 Status: FINAL Restricted distribution: No Reviewed and approved for issue:
Craig Sandham
Date: 3.8.15
No part of this report may be copied or reproduced without prior written permission from CS Ecology Ltd. If you have received this report in error, please destroy all copies in your possession or control and notify CS Ecology Ltd.
This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of the commissioning party and unless otherwise agreed in writing by CS Ecology Ltd, no other party may use, make use of or rely on the contents of the report. No liability is accepted by CS Ecology Ltd. for any use of this report, other than for the purposes for which it was originally prepared and provided.
Opinions and information provided in the report are on the basis of CS Ecology Ltd using due skill, care and diligence in the preparation of the same. It should be noted, that whilst every effort is made to meet the client’s brief, no site investigation can ensure complete assessment or prediction of the natural environment.
CS Ecology Ltd. | M: 07403 361654 | [email protected] Registered office: 57 Millfield Road, York YO23 1NH Registered in England & Wales. Company no: 8972616
Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Contents
Contents ...... i
1 Summary ...... 1
2 Introduction ...... 2
2.1 Background ...... 2
2.2 Personnel...... 2
2.3 Survey objectives ...... 2
2.4 Survey constraints ...... 2
3 Methodology ...... 3
3.1 Field survey ...... 3
4 Results ...... 5
4.1 Field survey ...... 5
5 Conclusions ...... 9
5.1 Summary and robustness of the survey ...... 9
5.2 Key bird areas ...... 9
6 Recommendations ...... 11
7 References & Bibliography ...... 12
Appendix 1 - Legislative and Planning Context ...... 13
Appendix 2 – Breeding Bird Map ...... 15
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 i Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
1 Summary
Surveys were undertaken to ascertain the value of land at Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster, South Yorkshire with respect to breeding birds. A total of 34 species were recorded during the survey (11 of which were only recorded flying over, 1 was a non-breeder, 5 were possible breeders, 7 were probable breeders and 10 were confirmed breeders). A number of species of conservation concern were recorded (4 Red List species, 9 Amber List species and 4 Species of Principal Importance), but no species afforded special protection under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 were found on the site.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 1 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
2 Introduction
2.1 Background CS Ecology Ltd. was commissioned by Arup in June 2015 to undertake a breeding bird survey of Brodsworth Quarry which briefly comprises a large fallow field, an area of mature trees with areas of rough grassland and scrub to the north and an area of open grassland with oine wet flush to the south.
2.2 Personnel Tim Marlow BSc (Hons) MCIEEM undertook the survey work, he is an experienced ornithologist/ ecologist and is currently contracted by Natural England for the South- West Farmland Birds Project assessing long-term population trends in farmland birds.
2.3 Survey objectives The survey is required in order to assess the breeding bird assemblage with respect to potential development. The report sets out the findings of the surveys and identifies areas within the site of particular value to breeding birds.
2.4 Survey constraints The breeding bird season runs from approximately March through to August, so any earlier breeding activity will have been missed by this survey.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 2 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
3 Methodology
3.1 Field survey The survey broadly followed the breeding bird survey (BBS) methodology in Gilbert et al. (1998)1 with two separate surveys spaced so as to record mid- and late breeding bird activity. Non-linear transects were walked at a slow pace around all five plots including all field boundaries to record bird song and calls, territorial aggression, displaying, adults carrying food or nesting material, juvenile birds and family groups. The routes around each plot were replicated for each survey although the order and direction in which they were taken was varied so as to minimise any recording bias.
The surveys were carried out from 0500 - 1100 hours (in accordance with British Trust for Ornithology guidelines) in suitable weather conditions avoiding strong winds, heavy rain, fog and low cloud. The conditions and timings of the surveys are summarised below in Table 1.
Table 1. Summary of timing and weather conditions of each survey.
Date Timing Weather conditions
26.06.15 05.30 - 09.30 Cloud cover 100%, dry, calm wind (E)
14.07.15 05.30 - 09.30 Cloud cover 80%, dry, calm wind (S)
Standard British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) notation and symbols2 were used on field maps showing species and any relevant activity. A territory mapping survey2 was undertaken in which all singing birds were recorded (it is assumed that a singing bird is a territorial male and thus indicative of the presence of a breeding pair) and their locations marked on a map on each visit. The estimated centre of all breeding territories were then plotted using the results from each visit (based on mean
1 Gilbert, G., Gibbons, D.W. & Evans, J. (1998) Bird Monitoring Methods: a manual of techniques for key UK species. RSPB, Sandy.
2 Bibby, C.J., Burgess, N.D. & Hill, D.A.(1992) Bird Census Techniques. Academic Press, London.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 3 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
positions of the data sets). Non-breeding birds or those for which breeding could not be confirmed were also recorded.
The breeding status of birds encountered within the site was classified in three categories3 as described below.
• Confirmed breeding (Cb): Distraction display or injury feigning; Used nests or eggshells found (occupied or laid within the survey period); recently fledged young or downy young; adults entering or leaving a nest site in circumstances indicating occupied nest or an adult sitting on nest; adults carrying food for young or faecal sacs; nest containing eggs; nest with young seen or heard. • Probable breeding (Prb): Pairs observed in suitable nesting habitat in breeding season; permanent territory presumed through registration or territorial behaviour (song etc.) on at least two different days at the same place; display and courtship; visiting probable nest site; agitated behaviour or anxiety calls from adults; building nest or excavating nest hole. • Possible breeding (Pob): Species observed in breeding season in possible nesting habitat. Singing male(s) present or breeding calls heard in breeding season. • Non-breeding (Nb): species considered to be non-breeding (migrant or summering).
3 EOAC. (1979). Categories of Breeding Bird Evidence. European Ornithological Atlas Committee.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 4 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
4 Results
4.1 Field survey A full list of bird species recorded during the site surveys is given in Table 2 below along with the relevant British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) code which is used in the maps which accompany the report (see Appendix 2). The table also details which of the species recorded have been categorised as birds of conservation concern (BOCC)4 and those which are listed under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 (NERC Act, 2006).
4 Eaton, M. et al. Birds of Conservation Concern 3 (2009): The Population Status of Birds in the UK, Channel Islands and Isle of Man. British Birds 102: 296-341
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 5 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Table 2. Birds recorded during the BBS 2015
Bird species BTO Notes Conservation status Code
Grey heron H. Nb. Single bird seen flying over the site. Green Ardea cinerea Eurasian sparrowhawk SH Nb. Observed flying over. Accipter nisus Green Kestrel K. Nb. Observed hunting over rough grassland. Amber Falco tinnunculus Grey partridge P. Cb. One estimated territory, with a pair observed with two juveniles in Red; S41 species Perdix perdix rough grassland. Black-headed gull BH Nb. Small numbers observed flying over. Amber Larus ridibundus Lesser Black-backed Gull LB Nb. Recorded flying over the site in small numbers. Amber Larus fuscus Herring gull HG Nb. Small numbers observed flying over. Red Larus argenteus Common stock dove SD Nb. Observed feeding in more open areas of grassland. Amber Columba oenas Common wood pigeon WP Prb. Nine estimated territories. Found throughout the north of the Green Columba palumbus site. Common Swift SI Nb. Small numbers were seen flying over the site. Amber Apus apus Green woodpecker G. Prb. One estimated territory. Recorded on both visits. Amber Picus viridis Common house martin HM Nb. Single bird observed flying over. Green Delichon urbica Grey wagtail GL Nb. Single bird observed flying over. Amber Motacilla cinerea
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 6 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Bird species BTO Notes Conservation status Code Winter wren WR Cb. A minimum estimate of 5 territories were located; found Green Troglodytes troglodytes throughout the north of the site during the survey. Dunnock D. Cb. A minimum estimate of 9 territories were located during the Amber; S41 species Prunella modularis survey. Robin R. Cb. A minimum estimate of 5 territories were located during the Green Erithacus rubecula survey. Song thrush ST Pob. A single territory was located at the north of the site in more Red; S41 species Turdus philomelos mature wooded area. Common blackbird B. Prb. A minimum estimate of 8 territories were located during the Green Turdus merula survey. Blackcap BC Prb. A minimum estimate of 6 territories were located during the Green Sylvia atricapilla survey. Common Whitethroat WH Cb. Two territories found in the north of the site. Amber Sylvia communis Garden warbler GW Pob. Single territory in the north of the site. Green Sylvia borin Chiffchaff CC Cb. Two territories were located during the survey. Green Phylloscopus colybita Willow Warbler WW Prb. One territory was located during the survey. Amber Phylloscopus trochilus Willow tit WT Prb. A bird heard alarm-calling in the north of the site. Red; S41 species Poecile montanus Coal tit CT Pob. Single territory recorded during the survey. Green Periparus ater Blue tit BT Cb. A minimum estimate of 4 territories were located during the Green Cyanistes caeruleus survey. Great Tit GT Prb. A minimum estimate of 6 territories were located during the Green Parus major survey.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 7 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Bird species BTO Notes Conservation status Code Long-tailed tit LT Cb. Single territory found in the north of the site. Green Aegithalos caudatus Magpie MG Cb. Two territories located during the survey. Green Pica pica Western jackdaw JD Nb. Small numbers observed flying over. Green Corvus monedula Carrion crow C. Pob. Single bird observed flying over carrying food. Green Corvus corone Common chaffinch CH Prb. A minimum estimate of 3 breeding territories were located during Green Fringilla coelebs the survey European goldfinch GO Prb. A minimum estimate of 3 breeding territories were located during Green Carduelis carduelis the survey. Eurasian siskin SK Nb. Single bird heard flying over. Green Carduelis spinus
TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES = 34
Notes: The BOCC listing assesses bird species on the basis of their population status, reflecting changes in their abundance and range. ‘Red List’ species are of high nature conservation concern and are those that are Globally Threatened according to international (IUCN) criteria: those whose population or range has declined rapidly in recent years; and those that have declined historically. The reasons for these declines are likely to vary between species and although they are not fully understood, they are commonly associated with changes in farming practices over the same period. ‘Amber List’ species are of medium conservation concern and are those with an unfavourable conservation status in Europe: those whose population or range has declined moderately in recent years; those whose population has declined historically but made a substantial recent recovery; rare breeders; and those with internationally important or localised populations.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 8 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
5 Conclusions
5.1 Summary and robustness of the survey A total of 34 species were recorded during the survey (11 of which were only recorded flying over) (11 of which were only recorded flying over, 1 was a non- breeder, 5 were possible breeders, 7 were probable breeders and 10 were confirmed breeders). A number of species of conservation concern were recorded (4 Red List species, 9 Amber List species and 4 Species of Principal Importance) but no species afforded special protection under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 were found on the site.
It is considered that the survey undertaken is a robust assessment of the breeding bird interest of the site. Further bird surveys covering the entire recommended period for such work (April to June) may increase the number of species found (although it is considered likely that most significant breeding bird species were located) and are likely to significantly improve the accuracy of breeding status assessment. Specifically the information on breeding bird densities would be improved and the status of some species may be clarified. For example, it is possible that grey partridge and willow tit actually bred on adjacent land and moved on to the site to feed post-breeding.
5.2 Key bird areas The most important area of the site for breeding birds is an area of mixed scrub, rough grassland and trees in the north-west part of the central section of the site lying west of the access road to the Brodsworth Community Woodland car park. Red listed species including willow tit and two juvenile grey partridge were recorded here. Willow tit is in drastic decline in the UK, with Nottinghamshire and South Yorkshire representing something of a stronghold for the species (which favours damp areas with silver birch and willow carr of the type often found on former mine workings) in England.
The second most important area of the site for breeding birds is an area of rough grassland in the south of the site. Red listed species including a pair of grey partridge were recorded here and Amber listed species such as common kestrel and stock dove were observed foraging in this area (though they are unlikely to breed on site).
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 9 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
A further area of some value for breeding birds is the wooded area in the north of the site which represents the only area of mature woodland in the immediate vicinity. This area supports numerous breeding birds and some species nesting in the nearby estate are likely to make use of it for foraging.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 10 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
6 Recommendations
Site works should where possible seek to retain trees, open areas of grassland and scrub. If possible, adjacent land within the Brodsworth Community Woodland should be improved for species of conservation concern likely to be lost to any development of the site. Specifically:
• Removal of trees to create an increased amount of rough grassland suitable for grey partridge. • Establishment of feeding stations for willow tit. • Provision of suitable artificial nest sites for willow tit. Standard nest boxes are unsuitable for willow tit as this species excavates its own nest cavity, but suitable boxes are available5.
5http://www.birdfood.co.uk/ctrl/node:134;product:1238;/marsh_and_willow_tit_nest_box#.VbD Q3_kYOCc
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 11 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
7 References & Bibliography
Bibby, C.J., Burgess, N.D. & Hill, D.A. (1992) Bird census techniques. Academic Press Limited, London, UK.
Eaton M.A., Brown, A.F., Noble, D.G., Musgrove, A.J., Hearn., R., Aebischer, N.J., Gibbons, D.W., Evans, A., & Gregory, R.D. (2009) Birds of Conservation Concern 3: the population status of birds in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. British Birds 102. pp296-341.
EOAC. (1979) Categories of Breeding Bird Evidence. European Ornithological Atlas Committee.
Gilbert, G., Gibbons, D.W. & Evans, J. (1998) Bird Monitoring Methods: a manual of techniques for key UK species. RSPB, Sandy.
Snow, D.W., Perrins, C.M., Gillmoor, R., Hillcoat, B., Roselaar, C.S., Vincent, D., Wallace, D.I.M. & Wilson, M.G. (1998) The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Concise Edition. Oxford University Press, UK.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 12 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Appendix 1 - Legislative and Planning Context
This section summarises the legislation which is relevant, in ecological terms, to this assessment, i.e. legislation relevant to species present or potentially present within the survey area is included here along with legislation relevant to protected sites in the vicinity. Note that qualified legal expertise should be sought in case of any uncertainty.
Birds The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) is the principal legislation affording protection to UK wild birds. Under this legislation all birds, their nests and eggs are protected by law and it is an offence, with certain exceptions to recklessly or intentionally:
a) Kill, injure or take any wild bird; b) Take, damage or destroy the nest of any wild bird while in use or being built; c) Take or destroy the egg of any wild bird.
In addition, species listed on Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) are specially protected at all times.
National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF, 2012) The NPPF states that: If significant harm to biodiversity resulting from a development cannot be avoided or adequately mitigated, or, as a last resort, compensated for, then planning permission should be refused (NPPF Para 118); Planning decisions should contribute to conserving and enhancing the natural environment (NPPF Para 17).
Natural Environment and Communities Act (NERC, 2006) The Natural Environment and Rural Communities (NERC) Act came into force on 1st Oct 2006. Section 40 of the Act requires all public bodies to have regard to biodiversity conservation when carrying out their functions. This is commonly referred to as the ‘Biodiversity duty’
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 13 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
This duty extends to all public bodies the biodiversity duty of section 74 of the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 (CROW), which placed a duty on Government and Ministers.
The aim of the biodiversity duty is to raise the profile of biodiversity in England and Wales, so that the conservation of biodiversity becomes properly embedded in all relevant policies and decisions made by public authorities.
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 14 Breeding Bird Survey – Brodsworth Quarry, Doncaster
Appendix 2 – Breeding Bird Map
© CS Ecology Ltd. 2015 15
Appendix C Invertebrate Assessment
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment
A report for: ARUP
21/09/2015
By: Conops Entomology Ltd
Report title: Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment
By: Andy Jukes BSc (Hons) MCIEEM FRES
Report number: 25.01.08.15
Client: ARUP
ARUP contact: Kate Prior
All images copyright © A.Jukes
Conops Entomology Ltd Registered Office: Sharkley Meadow Farm 58, Churnet Valley Road Kingsley Holt Staffordshire Moorlands Staffordshire ST10 2BQ
Company registered in England and Wales.
Company No. 07505919.
VAT Reg No. 159133995
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Contents
1.0 Background ...... 4 1.1 Brief ...... 4 2.0 Methodology ...... 4 2.1 Field work ...... 4 2.1.1 Sweep netting (to target aerial invertebrates and those in vegetation) ...... 4 2.1.2 Grubbing ...... 4 2.2 Target taxa ...... 4 2.3 Desktop study ...... 5 3.0 Species results ...... 7 3.1 Site list ...... 7 3.2 Species of importance ...... 12 4.0 Discussion ...... 13 4.1 Introduction to analysis ...... 13 4.2 Assemblages of importance ...... 13 4.2.1 BATs (Broad Assemblage Type) ...... 14 4.2.2 SATs (Specific Assemblage Type) ...... 14 4.2.3 Caveat to analysis ...... 15 4.3 Species of importance ...... 15 4.4 Site summary ...... 15 4.4.1 Site assessment ...... 15 4.4.2 Site evaluation ...... 16 5 Recommendations ...... 17 5.1 Mitigation ...... 17 5.2 Scrub fringe ...... 17 5.3 Bare ground and early successional mosaics ...... 17 5.3.1 Invertebrate (butterfly) banks ...... 18 5.4 Perennial swards ...... 20 5.5 Super abundances ...... 20 5.6 Juxtapositions and interfaces ...... 21 5.7 Elm trees ...... 21 5.8 Waterbodies ...... 21 6 Further surveys ...... 21 7 References ...... 22 Appendix ...... 23
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
1.0 Background
1.1 Brief To survey and assess features of invertebrate interest and assemblages of importance which are pertinent to the habitats present at a former quarry site on the edge of Doncaster, south Yorkshire, prior to possible development. The principal habitats are open mosaic habitat, a ley field dominated by ruderals and also secondary woodland.
2.0 Methodology
2.1 Field work Three survey visits were undertaken. Details of which are provided below:
• 02/08/15 – sunny, warm (18-20°C); • 15/08/15 – sunny (20-22°C); and • 05/09/15 – sunny, warm (16-20°C).
2.1.1 Sweep netting (to target aerial invertebrates and those in vegetation) The field surveys employed a number of methods to assess the overall quality of the site and the key features of interest. These methods are defined below:
Capture using net – two methods (A&B) of capture were employed to maximise the collection of targeted material.
A. Sweep samples: vegetation such as swathes of flowering plants, tall grass, nettle beds and scrub/hedgerows are swept for invertebrates hiding amongst the plants. Material is then sorted within the net bag and key groups and species are collected for later examination.
B. Spot sampling: this is the preferred method of collection for the larger, more conspicuous insects such as bees and wasps and is used on flowering herbs such as common bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and yellow composites such as dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg) that help to supplement the sweep samples.
2.1.2 Grubbing Grubbing, which involves ground searching of bare ground and short turf for surface running invertebrates, was undertaken intermittently across suitable habitat. It was employed during each visit to search for surface running beetles and ground bugs a site two where open mosaics were present.
All captured invertebrates are held for later identification, except for easily identifiable species, which were identified in the field and released. All representative material from the contract including nationally significant species are held within A.Jukes’s private reference collection.
2.2 Target taxa To appraise the site, several groups of invertebrates were targeted for recording using the range of methods outlined above. The groups used to assess the site are selected as they are positive indicators of habitat quality and can inform a surveyor about the site’s potential as an invertebrate resource.
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
The key groups sampled and used for assessment include:
• Aculeate hymenoptera (bees and wasps); • Lepidoptera (Butterflies and day-flying moths); • Syrphidae (hoverflies); • Dolochopodidae (Dolyflies); • Sciomyzidae (snail-killing flies); • The “larger brachycera” (robberflies, horseflies, soldierflies and allies); • Other small incidental Diptera “acalypterate” families; • Various beetle families including ground beetles and leaf beetles; and • Various heteroptera families.
Other incidental records have also been included.
2.3 Desktop study A data search was commissioned by Kate Prior of ARUP and undertaken by Doncaster Local Records Centre on 02/07/15.
The results of the data search include the following relevant NERC Act Section 41 species and those with a National Status (excludes Scottish Biodiversity List species which are not relevant to England).
Agelastica alni – alder leaf beetle UK Status: RDBK Now widespread in north and central England and not deserving of the status.
Andrena nigriceps – a mining bee UK Status: Nationally Scarce B A species of flowery grassland and heaths. Often infrequent even where found. This site is suitable for this species.
Chiasmia clatharata – latticed heath UK Status - NERC Act S41 A day-flying moth of heathlands, waste ground and brownfield sites where it feed on trefoils. Still relatively frequent across its range but listed on the NERC Act due to risk of decline. This site is suitable for this species.
Hedobia imperialis – a beetle UK Status: Nationally Scarce B A woodboring beetle most frequently found in old hedgerows. It is unlikely to be on this site due to a lack of old and senescent trees or woody hedge species.
Notaris scirpi – a weevil UK Status: Nationally Scarce B A wetland species found in association with sedges (Carex spp), rushes (Juncus spp) and reeds (Typha spp). There is limited habitat for this species on the site but will be catered for in any mitigation or compensation.
Rhinocyllus conicus – a weevil UK Status: Nationally Scarce A
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Found in thistles (Carduus and Cirsium spp). There is suitable habitat on this site however it is likely that if present, there is sufficient disturbed land with thistles in the vicinity for this species to be catered for and management to include thistles would be detrimental to other specialist species and assemblages.
Satrium w-album – white-letter hairstreak UK Status: NERC Act, Local: Doncaster BAP priority species A declining butterfly species due to its association with mature elm trees (Ulmus spp). The butterfly underwent a sharp decline during and after the Dutch elm disease outbreak. The species has not been recorded in the 2Km search radius since 2006 but if elm trees are present on the site, it is possible for it to be present. This species will be commented on later in this report under “Recommendations”.
Tyria jacobaeae - Cinnabar UK Status: NERC Act Section 41 The moth is still common but listed on the NERC Act S41 list for research only due to the potential threat from eradication of its larval foodplant, ragwort. It is recorded from this site (see Section 3).
There are no other pertinent species noted from the data search that are listed on the NERC Act Section 41 or otherwise scarce or threatened.
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
3.0 Species results
3.1 Site list UK status derived from Recorder 3.3 (Ball, 1994) Recorder 3.3 is a biological recording collection, collation and reporting package. As part of the application, each UK species has been assigned a status.
See Appendix I for Red Data Book (RDB) definitions
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Order: Coleoptera Beetles Family: Apionidae Seed weevils Sitona lineatus a seed weevil 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Cantharidae Soldier beetles Rhagonycha fulva a soldier beetle 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Carabidae Ground beetles Bradycellus verbasci a ground beetle 15-Aug-15 Common Paradromius linearis a ground beetle 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Chrysomelidae Leaf beetles Lochmaea caprea Willow Leaf Beetle 15-Aug-15 Common
Family: Coccinellidae Ladybirds Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot Ladybird 02-Aug-15 Common Hippodamia variegata Adonis' Ladybird 08-Sep-15 NS B Propylea 14-spot Ladybird 15-Aug-15 Common quattuordecimpunctata Family: Curculionidae Weevils Anthonomus rubi Strawberry Blossom 02-Aug-15 Common Weevil Hypera postica Clover Leaf Weevil 15-Aug-15 Common Mecinus pyraster a weevil 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Oedemeridae Flower beetles Oedemera lurida a flower beetle 15-Aug-15 Local Family: Nitidulidae Pollen beetles Meligethes aeneus Common Pollen 02-Aug-15 Common Beetle Order: Hemiptera True bugs Family: Lygaeidae Ground bugs Heterogaster urticae a ground bug 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Nabidae Damselbugs Himacerus apterus a damselbug 02-Aug-15 Common
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Himacerus mirmicoides a damselbug 15-Aug-15 Common Nabis limbatus a damselbug 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Miridae Grassbugs Adelphocoris lineolatus a grass bug 02-Aug-15 Common Closterotomus norwegicus a grass bug 15-Aug-15 Common Heterotoma planicornis a grass bug 15-Aug-15 Common Phytocoris varipes a grass bug 15-Aug-15 Common Plagiognathus arbustorum a grass bug 02-Aug-15 Common Stenodema laevigata a grass bug 08-Sep-15 Common Trigonotylus ruficornis a grass bug 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Pentatomidae Shieldbugs Aelia acuminata Bishop's Mitre 02-Aug-15 Local Shieldbug Neottiglossa pusilla Small Grass 02-Aug-15 Local Shieldbug Palomena prasina Common Green 15-Aug-15 Common Shieldbug Family: Rhopalidae Rhopalid bugs Myrmus miriformis a rhopalid bug 15-Aug-15 Common Order: Diptera True flies Family: Asilidae Robberflies Leptogaster cylindrica a robberfly 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Dolichopodidae Dolyflies Dolichopus campestris a dolyfly 15-Aug-15 Common Dolichopus griseipennis a dolyfly 02-Aug-15 Common Dolichopus plumipes a dolyfly 08-Sep-15 Common Scellus notatus a dolyfly 15-Aug-15 Common Syntormon monile a dolyfly 08-Sep-15 Local Syntormon pallipes a dolyfly 08-Sep-15 Common Family: Empidoidea Danceflies Empis livida a dancefly 15-Aug-15 Common Hybos femoratus a dancefly 02-Aug-15 Common Ocydromia glabricula a dancefly 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Sciomyzidae Snail-killing flies Coremacera marginata a snail-killing fly 08-Sep-15 Common Limnia unguicornis a snail-killing fly 02-Aug-15 Common Sepedon sphegea a snail-killing fly 15-Aug-15 Local
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Tetanocera elata a snail-killing fly 15-Aug-15 Common Trypetoptera punctulata a snail-killing fly 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Stratiomyidae Soldierflies Chorisops tibialis a soldierfly 02-Aug-15 Common Oplodontha viridula a soldierfly 15-Aug-15 Local Family: Syrphidae Hoverflies Cheilosia bergenstammi a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Cheilosia illustrata a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Cheilosia impressa a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Local Cheilosia proxima a hoverfly 15-Aug-15 Common Chrysogaster solstitialis a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Chrysotoxum bicinctum a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Local Chrysotoxum festivum a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Local Episyrphus balteatus a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Eristalis pertinax a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Eristalis tenax a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Eupeodes corollae a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Eupeodes luniger a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Helophilus pendulus a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Melangyna compositarum a hoverfly 15-Aug-15 Local Melanostoma mellinum a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Melanostoma scalare a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Myathropa florea a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Paragus haemorrhous a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Local Pipizella viduata a hoverfly 02-Sep-15 Common Platycheirus clypeatus a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Scaeva pyrastri a hoverfly 15-Aug-15 Common Scaeva selenitica a hoverfly 02-Aug-25 Local Sphaerophoria interrupta a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Local Sphaerophoria scripta a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Syritta pipiens a hoverfly 15-Aug-15 Common Syrphus ribesii a hoverfly 15-Aug-15 Common Volucella inanis a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 NS* Volucella pellucens a hoverfly 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Tephritidae Fruitflies
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Anomoia purmunda a fruitfly 02-Aug-15 Common Tephritis leontodontis a fruitfly 02-Aug-15 Common Tephritis neesii a fruitfly 02-Aug-15 Local Family: Pallopteridae A fly family Palloptera muliebris a fly 02-Aug-15 Local Family: Otitidae Fruitflies Herina germinationis a fly 15-Aug-15 Local Herina lugubris a fly 02-Aug-15 Local Order: Hymenoptera Family: Pompilidae Priocnemis parvula a spider-hunter wasp 02-Aug-15 Local Family: Vespidae Social wasps Dolichovespula norwegica Norwegian Wasp 15-Aug-15 Common Vespula germanica German Wasp 02-Aug-15 Common Vespula vulgaris Common Wasp 08-Sep-15 Common Family: Crabronidae Solitary wasps Gorytes quadrifasciatus 4-banded Digger 02-Aug-15 Local Wasp Trypoxylon attenuatum Slender Wood Borer 15-Aug-15 Common Wasp Family: Apidae Bees Bombus lapidarius Large Red Tailed 02-Aug-15 Common Bumble Bee Bombus lucorum sens. str. White-tailed Bumble 02-Aug-15 Common Bee Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bee 02-Aug-15 Common Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed Bumble 02-Aug-15 Common Bee Bombus vestalis a bumblebee 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Andrenidae Mining bees Andrena bicolor Gwynne's Mining 02-Aug-15 Common Bee Andrena denticulata a mining bee 02-Aug-15 Local Andrena minutula a mining bee 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Colletidae Cellophane bees Colletes daviesanus A bee 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Halictidae Mining bees Halictus rubicundus a mining bee 02-Aug-15 Common Lasioglossum albipes a mining bee 15-Aug-15 Common
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Lasioglossum leucozonium a mining bee 02-Aug-15 Family: Megachilidae Leafcutter bees Megachile ligniseca Wood-carving Leaf- 15-Aug-15 Common cutter Bee Order: Lepidoptera Family: Lycaenidae Blues Aricia agestis Brown Argus 15-Aug-15 Local Polyommatus icarus Common Blue 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Hesperiidae Skippers Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Pieridae Whites Pieris brassicae Large White 15-Aug-15 Common Pieris rapae Small White 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Nymphalidae Vannessids Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell 02-Aug-15 Common Inachis io Peacock 02-Aug-15 Common Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown 15-Aug-15 Common Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood 08-Sep-15 Common Polygonia c-album Comma 15-Aug-15 Common Pyronia tithonus Gatekeeper 02-Aug-15 Common Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral 02-Aug-15 Common Family: Arctiidae Tiger moths Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar 02-Aug-15 S41 Family: Sesiidae Clearwing moths Bembecia Six-belted Clearwing 02-Aug-15 NS B ichneumoniformis Family: Zygaenidae Burnet Moths Zygaena lonicerae Narrow-bordered 15-Aug-15 Common Five-spot Burnet Zygaena filipendulae Six-spot Burnet 15-Aug-15 Common Family: Noctuidae Noctuid moths Autographa gamma Silver Y 08-Sep-15 Common Phlogophora meticulosa Angle Shades 08-Sep-15 Common Order: Orthoptera Family: Acrididae Grasshoppers Chorthippus Lesser Marsh 15-Aug-15 Local albomarginatus Grasshopper
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
Scientific name Vernacular Name Date first UK Status recorded Chorthippus brunneus Common Field 02-Aug-25 Common Grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus Meadow 02-Aug-15 Common Grasshopper Family: Tetrigiidae Groundhoppers Tetrix undulata Common Ground 02-Aug-15 Common Hopper Tetrix subulata Slender Ground 08-Sep-15 Local Hopper Order: Odonata Dragonflies and damselflies Family: Coenagriidae Blues Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed 02-Aug-15 Common Damselfly Family: Libellulidae Chasers and darters Sympetrum striolatum Common Darter 15-Aug-15 Common
3.2 Species of importance
The species below are those with a significant status and have been extracted from the above tables for ease of reading.
Scientific name Vernacular name UK Status Bembecia ichneumoniformis Six-belted Clearwing Nationally Scarce B Hippodamia variegata Adonis' Ladybird Nationally Scarce B Tyria jacobaeae Cinnabar NERC Act Section 41** Volucella inanis a hoverfly Nationally Scarce*
* Species more common than its status suggests. See text. ** Species still common and listed under the NERC Act for research purposes only. See text.
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
4.0 Discussion
4.1 Introduction to analysis The tables in this section have been generating using a software package that can statistically evaluate a site or feature, with the interpretation of an experienced invertebrate ecologist. They are useful in site assessments and comparative studies. For more detail on ISIS (2010) see Appendix V.
Key to ISIS output tables BAT Code Invertebrate habitat code BAT Name Invertebrate habitat name Representation % of species recorded associated with that BAT Rarity Score This is the Site Quality Score (SQS) and is the combined score of all species recorded for that BAT – see Information box 2 BATs with no score are those that are below a threshold of 15 species present for that BAT. Condition Used in SSSI condition assessment – not relevant BAT species richness Total number of species recorded associated with BAT IEC (Index of Ecological Continuity) Only used for deadwood sites such as parklands
4.2 Assemblages of importance
ISIS output table
Related Percentage of SAT No. BAT SAT name Condition national code spp. rarity species pool score F002 rich flower resource 7 3 F001 scrub edge 5 3 F006 dung 1 1 F112 open short sward 2 1 125 W314 reedfen and pools 1 1 A211 heartwood decay 1 1 A212 bark & sapwood decay 1 0
The broad assemblage types represented in this list are as follows:
BAT Representation (1- Rarity BAT species BAT name Condition IEC code 100) score richness F2 grassland & scrub matrix 41 125 51 unshaded early F1 successional mosaic 19 125 24 W3 permanent wet mire 8 10 A1 arboreal canopy 5 6 A2 wood decay 3 4 0 mineral marsh & open W2 water 3 4 shaded field & ground F3 layer 2 2
Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
4.2.1 BATs (Broad Assemblage Type) The site includes a range of broad assemblages characteristic of brownfield sites including grassland and scrub matrix (F2), which is the most dominant BAT at this site with a rarity score of 125 (favourable status* threshold = 160). This is a moderate score and is represented by 41% of all species recorded during the surveys. This assemblage includes many flies, beetles and bugs but lacks species of high fidelity or scarcity. The second most abundant BAT both in terms of physical area on the site but also in species representation is the unshaded early successional mosaic (F1) with 19% of all species recorded associated with this BAT. It has a rarity score of 125 (favourable status* threshold = 160). Although fewer species were recorded from the F1 BAT than the F2 BAT the “value” of it is deemed to be similar in respect to the ISIS analysis. This higher value relative to its representation is due to the species being of slightly higher conservation status and importance that those associated with the F2 BAT. Species such as ground nesting bees and wasps, ground bugs and the six-belted clearwing moth (Nationally Scarce B) all contribute to make this BAT of some importance. As there is an ephemeral pool on the site the wetland assemblages permanent wet mire (W3) and mineral marsh and open water (W2) are highlighted. They are companion BATs and when analysed together represent 11% of the total species recorded. Although this is a small number of individual species (fourteen) the ephemeral pool does contribute to the overall biodiversity of the site and its features of importance. The secondary woodland is also highlighted in the analysis with the arboreal canopy, shaded field layer and wood decay BATs all featuring. However, due to the lack of structure, tree species composition and lack of overall quality, these BATs are not well developed or strong. Woodland BATs tend to be richest and strongest where old growth trees and an open canopy is present.
No other BATs of importance or interest are identified through the use of ISIS or surveyor experience.
*Favourable status is regarded as a habitat, feature or assemblage that is in an optimal or near optimal condition, something akin to what may be found on some of the best quality sites, such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
4.2.2 SATs (Specific Assemblage Type) There is a long list of SATs associated with this site. SATs are the niches and situations in which most high fidelity species can be located. It is these species that tend to be of higher significance as they have particular requirements from a site or landscape. The most populated SAT at this site is the rich flower resource (F002). This is represented by seven species of association such as a number of hoverflies and bees. The SAT has a favourable status threshold of fourteen species, so this feature is only of moderate quality. The most productive parts of the site for this SAT are the flower-rich bank running the length of the site and the adjacent extensive flowery swards. The scrub fringe SAT (F001) is also highlighted. This is a varied feature on the site including a complex interface of open and sunny, southerly aspects juxtaposed with perennial grasslands and short turf swards. It is at this location that diversity of invertebrates is quite rich, as noted by this feature’s site value. It is moderately strong with seven species recorded (favourable status threshold = 10) and is an important feature at this site. There are a range of other SATs noted by ISIS but they are of much lower individual value, being represented by single species or two species (open short swards). As an amalgamation however they do offer an insight into the importance of niche availability at the site and although these niches do not appear strong, with time they could develop further. There are no other SATs of importance highlighted by ISIS or the surveyor. Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
4.2.3 Caveat to analysis This analysis is based on three visits towards the latter end of the main flight season for open habitat invertebrates. The principal flight period is from April-late August/early September. Therefore this analysis is based on a small sample of species and many of the higher fidelity species that could be present and influence the analysis would not be recorded from these surveys. It is suggested that the unshaded early successional mosaic BAT is likely to be stronger than this analysis suggests as would the rich flower resource, open short sward and bare sand and chalk SATs.
4.3 Species of importance
• Bembecia ichneumoniformis – six-belted clearwing moth Status - Nationally Scarce B The six-belted clearwing is a day-flying moth associated with bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus). It is most frequently noted from brownfield sites with L.corniculatus that is short and prostrate over bare soils or very short turf. The moth also requires tall grass and is often recorded in close proximity to scrub, which may provide shelter for roosting adult moths. This record represents one of the more northerly for this species.
• Hippodamia variegata – Adonis’ ladybird Status – Nationally Scarce B A ladybird commonly associated with dry heathland sites, especially by the coast, the ladybird was observed on several occasions during all three visits to the site suggesting a strong population.
• Tyria jacobaeae – Cinnabar moth Status - NERC Act Section 41 The Cinnabar moth is listed on the NERC Act Section 41. It is however a species that is still relatively frequent and the listing is largely related to the potential threat of eradication of its host foodplant, ragwort.
• Volucella inanis – a hoverfly Status - Nationally Scarce This hoverfly was previously restricted to southern counties but over the past twenty years has expended its range to much of lowland England and it is now a regular species on flowery sites in summer. The species is now much more common than its status suggests and is now widely regarded as either “local” or “common” by entomologists.
4.4 Site summary 4.4.1 Site assessment The site is relatively new, developing on inert and low fertility substrates. There is also an area currently used as a ley field dominated by thistles. The composition of the flora of the brownfield dominated part of the site is rich and importantly includes high abundances of flowering plants such as common bird’s-foot trefoil, other trefoils, Asteraceae (such as ox-eye daisy and yellow composites) and also includes good quality scrub fringe which provides food and shelter for many species. The site is of moderate size and includes a range of habitats as noted by the ISIS analysis. Of particular note are the scrub fringe, open mosaics (including flower rich areas) and the ephemeral pool. There is a range of common and local species on the site that are characteristic of brownfield type sites however there are relatively few species of National Status noted from this survey, with just two of value (six-belted clearwing and Adonis’ ladybird).
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The open mosaic swards on the site show signs of high suitability to the NERC Act S41 dingy skipper butterfly (Erynnis tages). This species is on the wing from May-June and therefore outside the sampling period of this survey but there are no noted records of it in the data search. However, dingy skipper is anecdotally known as being able to fly at least 5Km to reach suitable habitat, especially moderate to large sites such as this.
As this is a S41 species and also a Doncaster Biodiversity Action Plan species, it will be accommodated for within the recommendations of this report.
The overall value of the site is that of a large area of brownfield habitat with ancillary features and habitats such as scrub fringe, ephemeral pool and flower rich foraging.
It is these features and habitats that are deemed the most valuable to that species recorded and are those that are recommended for retention. If they cannot be retained, then the attributes of the habitats should be replicated where possible as part of compensation for impact as part of any proposed development on this site.
4.4.2 Site evaluation The site can be separated into two parts. The brownfield and grassland dominated western part of the site and the ley field adjacent to Long Lands Lane on the eastern side of the site. The eastern side of the site is within a former colliery area with the surrounds forming the Brodsworth Community Woodland. This is a mosaic of woodland, wetlands and grassland, some of which appears quite rich. There is therefore similar habitat to that of the proposed development site in the local area, some of which is of much greater size. However, there does not appear to be similar habitat size of the bare ground and very early stage successional vegetation, namely the bare ground and bird’s-foot trefoil patchwork. The proposed development site therefore appears to have some features that are broadly found in the local area and also those that may be of some intrinsic importance.
The evaluation therefore takes into the flowing consideration points: • Context of the habitats to the local area; • The likely intrinsic value of some of the features to the area; • The size of site; • The current scarce species recorded from the site; and • The potential for other scarce species to be found on the site if a full season of surveying was to be undertaken.
It is likely therefore, that when considering the above points and the guidance notes prepared by Colin Plant Associates for CIEEM it is recommended that this part of the site and its features of assessed value, should be considered as of District (low) importance (Plant, 2009).
The ley field adjacent to Long Lands Lane has value as a foraging resource and therefore using the guidance notes prepared by Colin Plant Associates for CIEEM it is recommended that this part of the site as a stand-alone compartment should be considered as of local (low) importance (Plant, 2009).
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5 Recommendations
5.1 Mitigation Based on the results of the 2015 surveys, the species composition is largely concentrated around the open mosaic habitats, especially the patchy bare ground and dense flowery swards, the small ephemeral wetland feature and scrub fringe. It is important to recognise the mosaic and juxtapositions of these habitats and features that are of great value to invertebrates, and therefore these are also acknowledged in the following recommendations.
Note: If the site is to be impacted severely and off site solutions are required, it is suggested that for some of the following recommendations, the use of the Brodsworth Community Woodland may provide locations in which suitable optimal features could be created or existing features enhanced. This is particularly relevant to the early successional mosaics.
5.2 Scrub fringe Planting or retention of scrub provides a number of services. Scrub is an effective windbreak, providing sheltered elevated temperatures for invertebrates, foraging areas for predatory wasps, nectar and pollen for flower-dependant invertebrates and an overall key component of a rich invertebrate site. The most useful scrub species to retain on the site or plant as part of on or off- site mitigation are: Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa); Field maple (Acer campestris); Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna).
Where possible, ivy (Hedera helix) can be included in a planting scheme as this provides important late summer/autumn flowers.
In formal planting areas of a proposed development, horticultural varieties of flowering scrub and tree are also of some value, although double-flowered varieties are of little interest to invertebrates. Consider fruit trees such as apples and plums or damsons to increase the biodiversity value of the overall development.
5.3 Bare ground and early successional mosaics Where bare ground and short turf cannot be retained it can be effectively re-created on nutrient- poor soils in other locations. This newly created bare ground can be either sown with an appropriate flower mix, left to vegetate naturally or have selected flower-rich turfs translocated into it.
When creating open, bare ground it is important not to over work the surface and retain small depressions and ridges, which together (the microtypography) are of great niche value to different invertebrates.
It is also important to only use low fertility or inert materials, as topsoil will not produce suitable results.
It is noted that the surrounding Community Woodland includes areas of grassland verge that could be optimised to early successional short swards. Prior to using these however, a soil analysis may be required to ensure that the nutrient status of these verges is suitable for a flowery short sward to develop. If the topsoils are too rich, turf stripping might be an effective solution to uncover low fertility subsoils, on which to sow a flower-rich mix of short perennials.
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Photograph 5.1 Grassy, low value verges along Brodsworth Community Woodland pathways. Ideal locations to increase their invertebrate value.
Photograph 5.2 – grassy bank adjacent to the proposed development site. A location where early successional vegetation could be created through turf stripping.
5.3.1 Invertebrate (butterfly) banks Invertebrate banks are a useful way to introduce physical structure and provide sunny aspects and shelter for a range of thermophilic (heat loving) invertebrates, especially where space is at a premium. This is especially relevant to butterflies such as the common blue and brown argus, Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
which were frequently recorded from the proposed development site. They would also benefit the possible presence of dingy skippers. They are relatively easy to create but should adher to the following bullet points in order to be successful and optimal.
• Invertebrate banks are essentially mounded materials of low fertility or inert origin. These features are partially compacted with machinery but other parts of the banks can be allowed to settle naturally to encourage niche variation, through slumping;
• The material used for these can be of a medium, coarse aggregate material. A limestone or other high pH material is preferable as this gives rise to a richer flora including bird’s-foot trefoil;
• The banks should be optimally in a southerly facing aspect for greatest sun exposure and in a crescent or sinuous shape, which further elevates the microclimate of the feature;
• The banks should be sheltered from winds. This can be achieved through considered design such as being sinuous and protected by other features such as scrub or other edge and boundary features;
• The banks are ideally sown with a suitable flower mix, allowed to colonise naturally or could be topped with existing flower-rich turf, especially where it contains common bird’s-foot trefoil and other useful flowering plants. A mixture of all three options can also be undertaken;
• These banks can be further diversified through the creation of small cliff faces dug into the bank to provide nesting locations for solitary bee and wasp species;
• Appendix III provides some detail on the creation of butterfly banks, which are a similar feature.
Photograph 5.3: Flowery banks at the proposed development site. Retaining or replicating this feature will be of high value to the invertebrates at the site. If retained, this feature can be further optimised through the creation of vertical faces into the bank for nesting solitary bees and wasps.
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5.4 Perennial swards Areas of tall, fine-leaved flowery swards can be created as “butterfly meadows” to promote grassland butterflies such as the common blue and brown argus but also other summer butterfly species. This would also benefit other flowery grassland species such as the Nationally Scarce mining bee Andrena nigriceps (noted from the data search).
Plants to consider should be of a wide range of flower types from open, flat daisy flowers such as ox-eye daisy and yellow composites to deep corolla-type flowers including vetches and other Fabaeceae (for bumblebees and solitary bees). Planting summary for a butterfly grassland should replicate those plants recorded from the area and also include: • Common bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus); • Common fleabane (Pulicaria dysentarica); • Field scabious (Knautia arvensis); • Hawkweeds (Hieracium spp); • Meadow vetchling (Lathyrus pratensis); • Other trefoils (Fabaceae); • Red clover (Trifolim pratense); • Vetches (Vicia species); and • Wild carrot (Daucus carota).
These can be sown as part of a mix with companion fine-leaved grasses such as fescues (Festuca species). For optimal results the meadow should be created on low nutrient soils.
5.5 Super abundances A feature lost from much of the modern landscape is flower dominant grassland, which has had a negative impact on the associated pollen and nectar foraging invertebrates including bees and wasps and hoverflies, with some hoverflies declining by 60% in the recent decades. The site has an important rich flower resource, partly due to these high “super abundances”. Sowing high-density patches of flowers, translocating key turfs or retaining this feature wherever possible is recommended.
These high-density flowering features can also be incorporated into roadside verges and borders so long as low nutrient soils are used. This would require little on-going management and an infrequent mowing regime.
Photograph 5.4: Example of super abundances of flowers. In this instance, common bird’s-foot trefoil. Easily replicated and introduced to a range of low fertility situations.
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5.6 Juxtapositions and interfaces To increase the complexity of any mitigation/compensation and therefore provide a wide range of niches for high fidelity invertebrates, features such as the flower-rich invertebrate banks, patchy scrub fringe, flowery grassland and bare ground features should all be in close proximity to one another. An intricate mosaic of habitats and juxtapositions will generate many opportunities for invertebrates and in turn elevate the scheme into one that is of high value to invertebrates providing many features suitable for creating robust and diverse populations of common and also scarce species.
5.7 Elm trees No elm trees (Ulmus spp) were noted during these invertebrate surveys and therefore, based on this, the white-letter hairstreak would not be present on the site.
If elm trees are identified as being present on the proposed development site at a later date, white-letter hairstreak would then become an issue but only as long as the trees are mature and of flowering-age. Young trees are seldom utilised by the butterfly.
However, as this site is itself relatively young, it is not thought that any elm trees found to be on site would be of sufficiently mature age to possess a colony of white-letter hairstreaks.
In the event that young elm trees are located, it is recommended that they are translocated to peripheral areas such as boundary tree lines or hedgerows (if viable to do so) to enable white- letter hairstreaks to colonise the site in the future, should they still be present in the vicinity.
5.8 Waterbodies Although the site didn't have a waterbody at the time of survey work, there was evidence of an ephemeral pond on the site dominated by wetland plants such as lesser bulrush (Typha angustifolia) and rushes (Juncus spp). There were also invertebrates recorded that are associated with this feature and it should therefore be retained or replicated where possible. Water features also generate high biomass of small flies, which in term can help support local populations of insectivorous taxons such as bats.
Pools are best created as a series or complex and range from shallow, ephemeral ones that drawdown and dry out periodically to those that have deeper pools and retain water all year. The key principal is to offer a wide range of niches across a pond and series of ponds.
6 Further surveys Only the late summer species were sampled and therefore evidence of key spring species was not found during these surveys. However many of the recommendations put forward in Section 5 would also support key species likely to be found or could potentially be found on an open mosaic site. Species such as dingy skipper requires open mosaic swards with prostrate growing bird’s-foot trefoil. This is catered for within the recommendations however if the presence of this species and other spring species is required to further refine the recommendations, visits in late April to late June would cover the principal flight periods of spring and early summer species.
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7 References Anon (2008) Acalypterate keys. Unpublished test keys. Dipterists Forum. Ball, S (1994) Recorder 3.3. Joint Nature Conservation Committee Ball, S. (2005) Hoverfly Recording Scheme. www.hoverfly.org.uk d’Annis Fonseca, E.C.M (1978) Diptera Orthorrhapha Brachyycera – dolichopodidae. Royal Entomological Society of London Drake, C.M. et al (2007) NERR005. Surveying terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates for conservation evaluation. Natural England. Lott, D et al (2007) ISIS. Invertebrate Species – habitat Information System, 2008 build. Natural England. Richards, O.W. (1980) Scolioidea, Vespoidea and Sphecoidea. Hymenoptera, aculeata. Royal Entomological Society. Shirt, D.B., (1987) British Red data Books: 2. Insects. Nature Conservancy Council Peterborough Stubbs, A.E and Drake, M. (2001) British Soldierflies and their allies. British Entomological and Natural History Society Stubbs, A.E., (2002) British Hoverflies British Entomological and Natural History Society
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Appendix
Appendix I: Red Data Book Appendix II: Criteria for defining invertebrate sites of significance. Taken from Plant (2009) Appendix III: Butterfly bank design Appendix IV: Photographs Appendix V: ISIS (2010)
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Appendix I: Definitions of Red Data Book etc (follows Shirt 1987)
Red Data Book category 1 (RDB1) - Endangered Species which are known or believed to occur as only a single population within one 10km square of the national grid. Red Data Book category 2 (RDB2) - Vulnerable Species declining throughout their range or in vulnerable habitats. Red Data Book category 3 (RDB3) - Rare Species which are estimated to exist in only fifteen or fewer post 1970 10km squares. This criterion may be relaxed where populations are likely to exist in over fifteen 10km squares but occupy small areas of especially vulnerable habitat. Nationally Notable (Scarce) category A (NS A) - Notable A Taxa which do not fall within the RDB category but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in 30 or fewer 10km squares of the National Grid or, for less well recorded groups between eight and twenty vice counties. Nationally Notable (Scarce) category B (NS B) - Notable B Taxa which do not fall within the RDB category but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in 31 and 100 10km squares of the National Grid or, for less well recorded groups between eight and twenty vice counties. Nationally Notable (Scarce) (N) - Notable Species which are estimated to occur within the range of 16 to 100 10km squares. The subdividing of this category into Notable A and Notable B has not been attempted for many species in this part of the review.
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Appendix II: Criteria for defining invertebrate sites of significance. Taken from Plant (2009)
Importance Description Minimum qualifying criteria International European Internationally important invertebrate populations present or containing (high) importance important site RDB 1 (Endangered) species or containing any species protected under (i.e. SAC) European legislation or containing habitats that are threatened or rare at the European level (including, but not exclusively so, habitats listed on the EU Habitats Directive). National (high) UK important Achieving SSSI invertebrate criteria (NCC, 1989) or containing RDB2 importance site (SSSI) (Vulnerable) or containing viable populations of RDB 3 (Rare) species or containing viable populations of any species protected under UK legislation or containing habitats that are threatened or rare nationally (Great Britain). Regional Site with Habitat that is scarce or threatened in the region or which has, or is (medium) populations of reasonably expected to have, the presence of an assemblage of importance invertebrates or invertebrates including at least ten Nationally Notable species or at least (for border sites, invertebrate ten species listed as Regionally Notable for the English Nature region in both regions must habitats question in the Recorder database or elsewhere or a combination of these be taken into considered categories amounting to ten species in total. account) scarce or rare or threatened in south-east England County (medium) Site with Habitat that is scarce or threatened in the county and/or which contains importance populations of or is reasonably expected to contain an assemblage of invertebrates that (for border sites, invertebrates or includes viable populations of at least five Nationally Notable species or both counties invertebrate viable populations of at least five species regarded as Regionally Scarce must be taken habitats by the county records centres and/or field club. into account) considered scarce or rare or threatened in the county in question District (low) Site with A rather vague definition of habitats falling below county significance importance populations of level, but which may be of greater significance than merely Local. They invertebrates or include sites for which Nationally Notable species in the range from 1 to invertebrate 4 examples are reasonably expected but not yet necessarily recorded and habitats where this omission is considered likely to be partly due to under- considered recording. scarce or rare or threatened in the administrative District Local (low) Site with Habitats or species unique or of some other significance within the local importance populations of area. invertebrates or invertebrate habitats considered scarce or rare or threatened in the Land at former Brodsworth Quarry Doncaster An Invertebrate Assessment Conops Entomology Ltd.
affected and neighbouring Parishes (except Scotland, where the local area may best be defined as being within a radius of 5 kilometres Importance — Although almost no area is completely without significance these are the within the context areas with nothing more than expected “background” populations of of the site only common species and the occasional Nationally Local species. (low importance)
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Appendix III: butterfly (invertebrate) bank. Butterfly Conservation
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Appendix IV: Photographs
Flowery grassland– location of brown argus and common blue butterflies
Thistle dominant lay field – good foraging site but lacks biodiversity value
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Appendix V: ISIS (2010)
ISIS (Invertebrate Species – habitat Information System) is a computer application that can be used to identity assemblages of importance from inputting species lists into the computer software. This is particularly useful for identifying key areas of interest and importance and monitoring site changes as management alters habitat structure and species composition.
ISIS was developed by Natural England as a way of assessing sites for their invertebrate value. Although initially developed for assessing Sites of Special Scientific Importance (SSSI) condition, it has been adopted for a wider use in habitat assessments. As it uses values (numbers) to score sites or features on a site the computer application is very useful at providing baseline scores to sites and therefore a means of comparing a site either “intra”spectively (comparing an individual site against itself, normally how it changes with time or after management regime changes) or “inter”spectively (comparing one site against another or suite of similar site/s).
ISIS uses two types of “assemblage” that it provides scores for. (An assemblage is a group of invertebrates that use a similar habitat or feature).
BAT (Broad Assemblage Type) – A BAT is often a landscape scale habitat type that is affected by various environmental factors such as light/shade, hydrology and disturbance factors like poaching, drainage, drought and water level fluctuation. They are useful assemblage types as they provide an overview of habitat quality and by using them to monitor sites, can help highlight issues that may affect them over time such as over and under grazing, drainage and poaching.
SAT (Specific Assemblage Type) – these are characterised by stenotopic species (those that can only withstand a narrow range of environmental conditions). SATs are therefore more tightly defined than BATs and sit within a parent BAT. More than one SAT can sit within a parent SAT.
Example:
BAT:
F2 – grassland and scrub matrix
SAT:
F211 – herb-rich dense sward
F212 – dense scrub
Invertebrate species that are associated with a specific assemblage are known as “fidelity species” and these are the species that score highly and elevate an assemblage’s status in the ISIS analysis. The highest fidelity species tend to be those associated with SATs, as these are the most scarce and restricted assemblage types and by association, the species using them tend to also be restricted in distribution and scarce.
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The Site Quality Score (SQS) is a total score of all the species recorded from the site. Each national designation (Red Data Book, Nationally Scarce through to common species) receives a different level of score. The system is not reliant an exhaustive sampling of a site but more useful for singular surveys or a limited range of closely related surveys.
Fowles et al (19991) scoring for SQS is: 32 - RDB 1 32 - RDB 2 24 - RDB 3 16 - RDB “K” 16 - NS A 8 - NS B 4 - Regional NS/very local 2 - Local 1 – Common
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Appendix D Static Bat Detector Results
Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Table E.1 Static bat recorder results by day.
Location 1 29‐31/07/2015 Total Number (3 days) 29/07/2015 30/07/2015 31/07/2015 01/08/2015 of Recordings Common pipistrelle 2267 17 Noctule 15 15 Soprano pipistrelle 33
Location 2 29‐31/07/2015 Total Number (3 days) 29/07/2015 30/07/2015 31/07/2015 01/08/2015 of Recordings Common pipistrelle 23176 28 Noctule 11 Soprano pipistrelle 25 7
Location 1 01‐14/08/16 Total Number of (14 days) 01/08/2015 02/08/2015 03/08/2015 04/08/2015 05/08/2015 06/08/2015 07/08/2015 08/08/2015 09/08/2015 10/08/2015 11/08/2015 12/08/2015 13/08/2015 14/08/2015 Recordings Common pipistrelle 21134121814717241911217 1 198 Leislers 11 13 Myotis 11111128 Noctule 31 853811 411 36 Nyctalus sp. 112 1 5 Soprano pipistrelle 1125 22259237731 70
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Homes and Community Agency Brodsworth Quarry Non-Statutory Ecological Impact Assessment
Location 2 01‐14/08/16 Total Number of (14 days) 01/08/2015 02/08/2015 03/08/2015 04/08/2015 05/08/2015 06/08/2015 07/08/2015 08/08/2015 09/08/2015 10/08/2015 11/08/2015 12/08/2015 13/08/2015 14/08/2015 Recordings Common pipistrelle 3 14 7 7 11 10 46 11 16 17 23 21 25 1 212 Leislers 1 1 Myotis 156 Noctule 221 111 3 20 Nyctalus sp. 1 1 Soprano pipistrelle 1145 434632 562 46
Location 3 04‐14/09/15 Total Number (10 days) 02/09/2015 04/09/2015 05/09/2015 06/09/2015 07/09/2015 08/09/2015 09/09/2015 10/09/2015 11/09/2015 12/09/2015 of Recordings Common pipistrelle 1123 686591 42 Noctule 1 1 Soprano pipistrelle 113231 11
Location 4 04‐14/09/15 Total Number (11 days) 02/09/2015 04/09/2015 05/09/2015 06/09/2015 07/09/2015 08/09/2015 09/09/2015 10/09/2015 11/09/2015 12/09/2015 of Recordings Common pipistrelle 2 323 21 86 28 35 24 24 5 13 562 Noctule 1 31 2 7 Nyctalus sp. 1 12 Soprano pipistrelle 9 282313 1 47
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Figure E.1 Noctule Sonogram
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Figure E.2 Leisler’s Sonogram
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Figure E.3 Myotis sp Sonogram
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Appendix E Local Wildlife Site Citations
Site Status Local Wildlife Site Site Code 3.4a+b Grid Reference SE 533070 Site Name Roman Ridge, North and South There is no presumption about Public Site Owner Access Site Access Site Area (ha) 4.641 Natural Area Southern Magnesian Limestone Geology Permian/Jurassic/Eocene Limestone Soil Type Well drained calcareous Aspect Level ground Exposed Strata No Audit Species Recorded - Amphibians: Common toad (Bufo bufo) / Common frog (Rana temporaria) - Birds: Skylark (AlaudaDoncaster arvensis) / Meadow Pipit (Anthus pratensis) / Linnet (Carduelis cannabina) / Stock Dove (Columba oenas) / House Martin (Delichon urbica) / Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) / Reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus) / Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) / Swallow (Hirundo rustica) / House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) / Grey partridge (Perdix perdix) / Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus) / Green Woodpecker (Picus viridis) / Dunnock (Prunella modularis) / Bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula) / Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) / Song thrush (Turdus philomelos) / Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) / Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) / Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) - Invertebrates: Green-veined white (Pieris napi) - Vascular Plants: Rough chervil (Chaerophyllum temulum) / Small teasel (Dipsacus pilosus) / Spindle (Euonymus europaeus) / Purging buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) BW (SemiMetropolitan-natural Broad-leaved Woodland) / PBW (Broad-leaved Plantation Woodland) / DS (Dense/Continuous Scrub) / TR (Tall Ruderal) / Habitats Recorded H (Hedges Intact) / H- (Hedges Defunct) / BG (Bare Ground) / NOT SURVEYED NVC Affiliation Criteria for LS WD2 / WD3 / WD5 / HD1 / HD2 Designation Other Designations Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM) (on site or adjoining) Greenspace Creeping Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare)Borough Informative (on site Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica) or in locality) Curled Dock (Rumex crispus) Broad-Leaved Dock (Rumex obtusifolius) Common Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) Not managed for conservation over last st Management Assessment 31 March 2011 (Single Data List reporting) 5 years Management Plan Council
Management Scheme
Advice None HAP/SAP/BAP/GAP
Site Description at last visit 10 & 13/09/2004 This long linear site is a public byway which follows the route of the Roman Road for 5km from Scawsby North to the A1(m) near the A638 Wakefield road.
Much of the route has dense scrub, partial woodland fringe or hedgerows comprising a range of species of neutral or calcicole soil affinity. Tree species of widespread occurrence include ash (Fraxinus excelsior), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), wych elm (Ulmus glabra), English elm (Ulmus procera), Pedunculate and hybrid oak (Quercus robur, Quercus x rosacae), occasional field maple (Acer campestre) and horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum).
Shrub species dominate much of the scrub and hedgerow landscape with hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) being most abundant, associated with frequent Elder (Sambucus nigra), locally frequent Hazel (Corylus avellana), locally abundant Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), locally frequent privet (Ligustrum vulgare),Doncaster dog wood (Cornus sanguinea), occasional guelder rose (Viburnum opulus), and Snowberry (Symphoricarpus albus) and Lilac (Syringa vulgaris).
There is a variable, often ruderal, sometimes semi-woodland or wayside herb layer, represented along the hedgerow bottom or occupying a narrow verge strip. In some parts of the site particularly in the most northern and southern sections, the scrub or hedgescape along each side of the track has become very dense and restricts both access and limits the associated herb layer development.
Typical ruderal species found along many sections include false oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), common nettle (Urtica dioica), cock’s foot (Dactylis glomerata), couch grass (Elytrigia repens), hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium),Metropolitan large bindweed (Calystegia sylvatica), cleavers (Galium aparine), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris), mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris), hemlock (Conium maculatum), hedge garlic (Alliaria petiolata) and field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis).
More open grassy sections often have locally frequent black knapweed (Centaurea nigra), scattered greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa), Autumn hawkbit (Leontodon autumnalis), yarrow (Achillea millefolium) tor-grass (Brachypodium pinnatum), crosswort (Cruciata laevipes), red fescue (Festuca rubra), black medick (Medicago lupulina) and clovers (Trifolium pratensis, Trifolium repens) and field scabious (Knautia arvensis).
More wooded sections have frequent dog’s mercury (MercurialisBorough perennis) ivy (Hedera helix), wood false brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum), herb robert (Geranium robertianum), bramble (Rubus fruticosus), dog rose (Rosa canina), ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea), hairy brome (Bromopsis ramose), giant fescue (Festuca gigantea) and hedge woundwort (Stachys sylvatica).
A proportion of rubbish dumping and fly tipping is noticed along more urban and heavily used sections of the route. Council Site Status Local Wildlife Site Site Code 3.6 Grid Reference SE 537069 Site Name Hanging Wood and Highfields Lakes There is no presumption about Public Site Owner Access Site Access 32.24600000000000 Southern Magnesian Limestone Site Area (ha) 2 Natural Area Geology Permian/Jurassic/Eocene Limestone Soil Type Well drained calcareous Aspect Various Exposed Strata No Audit Species Recorded - Vascular Plants: Rough chervil (Chaerophyllum temulum) / Small teasel (Dipsacus pilosus) / Spindle (EuonymusDoncaster europaeus) / Pu rging buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) PBW (Broad-leaved Plantation Woodland) / DS (Dense/Continuous Scrub) / NG (Unimproved Neutral Grasslnd) / TR (Tall Ruderal) / IV (Inundation Habitats Recorded Vegetation) / SWE (Standing Water Eutrophic) / SWM (Standing Water Mesotrophic) / AM (Amenity Grassland) NVC Affiliation CG5 / MG1 / S4 / S12 / S13 / S19 / W8 Criteria for LS WD2 / WD3 / WD5 / GR1 / GR2 / FE1 / FE2 / SW2 / SM1 Designation Other Designations ScheduledMetropolitan Ancient Monument (SAM) (on site or adjoining) Greenspace Creeping Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare) Informative (on site Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica) or in locality) Curled Dock (Rumex crispus) Broad-Leaved Dock (Rumex obtusifolius) Common Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) Management Assessment Managed for conservation in last 5years 31st March 2011 (Single Data List reporting) Woodland Management Plan Hanging Management Plan Wood (Eamonn WallBorough & Co Ltd for 2006-2025 DMBC) Highfields Park Environmental Improvements - Draft August 2007 2007 Management Scheme (Golder Associates for DMBC) Forestry Commission; WGS 2002-2007
Advice None Council HAP/SAP/BAP/GAP
Site Description at last visit 16/09/2010 Date of visit - 16/09/2010
Hanging wood forms the southern half of this large site and is a mixed deciduous plantation type woodland containing much sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus), ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and locally frequent wych elm (Ulmus glabra), beech (Fagus sylvatica), pedunculate oak and hybrid oak (Quercus robur, Quercus x rosacae). Field maple (Acer campestre) and horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) are scattered or occasional. On the southern side of the disused railway line the woodland ceases to be a plantation woodland and is semi-natural broadleaved woodland (being noted as ancient woodland by Natural England). In this section of the site wych elm, ash, field maple, pedunculate and hybrid oak, hazel (Corylus avellana) and sycamore are prevalent, with ash being abundant. Informal coppicing of this woodland by local people has produced incidental areas of dense coppice where ground flora is suppressed by heavy shade. Large decaying stumps and logs of elm dating back 20-30 yearsDoncaster are frequent, providing valuable invertebrate habitat. In some areas there is quite a widespread and mixed shrub layer of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), elder (Sambucus nigra), hazel (Corylus avellana), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) and wild privet (Ligustrum vulgare).
The site is very well used by the public and many woodland zones have a disturbed, but calcicole herb layer, dominated by dog’s mercury (Mercurialis perennis) with bramble (Rubus fruticosus), ivy (Hedera helix), wood false brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum), wood avens (Geum urbanum), herb Robert (Geranium robertianum), ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea), hairy brome (Bromopsis ramosa), dog rose (Rosa canina) and dog violet (Viola riviniana). In more disturbed and ruderal areas, a typical weedy flora of rosebay willow herb (ChamerionMetropolitan angustifolium), cock’s foot (Dactylis glomerata), hogweed (Heracleum sphondylium), nettle (Urtica dioica), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), false oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), hedge and large bindweed (Calystegia sepium/Calystegia sylvatica). This ruderal community seems to have taken over areas that were formerly grassland around the water bodies and areas around the lower of the two large lakes.
There are two open water bodies in the north-western part of the site, lying close to allotment gardens. These contain locally frequent to locally abundant bulrush (Typha latifolia), lesser bulrush (Typha angustifolia), branched bur-reed (Sparganium erectum), common reed (Phragmites australis), common spike rush (Elocharis palustris), water plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica) and Hard rush (Juncus inflexus) with locally frequent watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) in some areas. These water areas are fringed by a scrub of crack willow (Salix fragilis)Borough and osier (Salix viminalis) plus other species.
Areas of scrub downstream of the allotments have succeeded to broad leaved plantation woodland with hybrid poplar (Populus x canadensis), crack willow and osier which appear to have been planted into an area of wet grassland. In areas that appear to have been tipped with lake dredgings, patches of tall ruderal and scattered scrub have established, with Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), cock’s foot, dock (Rumex obtusifolius) and false oat grass,making up a fairly rank ground flora. Council The two lakes are ornamental fishing lakes and carry no emergent or submerged vegetation but are fringed on the south side and partly on the north side by a dense mixed scrub containing many of the species mentioned above, as well as planted ornamentals such as Norway maple (Acer platanoides), common lime (Tilia x vulgaris), snowberry (Symphoricarpus albus), weeping willow (Salix babylonica) and sea- buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides). There are extensive areas of short mown amenity grassland dominated by perennial rye grass (Lolium perenne), clovers (Trifolium species.) and other mown species.
Where the soils on the grassed slope become thin with underlying rock visible, the growth form and species content of the grassland changes with more calcareous indicator species occuring. This semi- improved calcareous grassland has hoary plantain (Plantago media), salad burnet (Sanguisorba minor), rough hawkbit (Leontodon hispidus), mouse eared hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), indicating the calcareous nature of the grassland in this area.
T1 Small areas of calcareous grassland next to ponds TN2 Mature oak tree with good value for invertebrates and bats