DOCSLIB.ORG

Magyarország Litosztratigráfiai Alapegységei – JURA

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Magyarország Litosztratigráfiai Alapegységei – JURA MagyarorszÆg litosztratigrÆfiai alapegysØgei JURA BØrczinØ Makk Anik , CsÆszÆr GØza, Fızy IstvÆn, Grill J zsef, Haas JÆnos, Ivancsics Jenı, KishÆzi PØte r , Knauer J zsef, Konda J zsef , Nagy IstvÆ n , PÆlfy J zsef, PentelØnyi LÆszl , PelikÆn PÆl, Raucsik BØla, RÆlischnØ Felgenhauer ErzsØbet, Szab ZoltÆn, Szente IstvÆn, Szinger BalÆzs, T r k `kos, Vrs Attila Budapest, 2012 Készült a Magyar Rétegtani Bizottság Jura Albizottságának gondozásában Lektor: FODOR László GALÁCZ András M. TÓTH Tivadar OZSVÁRT Péter VÖRÖS Attila Sorozatszerkesztő: CSÁSZÁR Géza Szerkesztő: FŐZY István Műszaki szerkesztő: PIROS Olga SIMONYI Dezső DTP: SIMONYI Dezső Borítóterv: SIMONYI Dezső A fotókat készítették: BERTALAN Tamás (p. 167), CSÁSZÁR Géza (p. 17, 54, 75, 183, 189), FŐZY István (p. 8, 86), HAAS János (p. 40), PELIKÁN Pál (p. 102, 116, 121, 129), POLGÁRI Márta (p. 61) RAUCSIK Béla (p. 148, 163, 170), VÖRÖS Attila (p. 195, 206) Kiadja a Magyarhoni Földtani Társulat Felelős Kiadó: HAAS János elnök ISBN: 978-963-8221-47-6 Tartalom Előszó . 7 Bevezetés . 9 Rétegtani táblázat . 10 Pennini-egység . 13 Kőszegi Kvarcfillit Formáció . 15 Velemi Mészfillit Formáció . 18 Vashegyi Szerpentinit Formáció . 21 Felsőcsatári Zöldpala Formáció . 24 Pelsói-egység . 27 Dunántúli-középhegységi-egység . 29 Kardosréti Mészkő Formáció . 31 Csővári Mészkő Formáció . 34 Pisznicei Mészkő Formáció . 37 Törökbükki Mészkő Formáció . 41 Tűzkövesárki Mészkő Formáció . 44 Kisháti Mészkő Formáció . 47 Hierlatzi Mészkő Formáció . 51 Isztiméri Mészkő Formáció . 55 Úrkúti Mangánérc Formáció . 58 Kisgerecsei Márga Formáció . 62 Eplényi Mészkő Formáció . 65 Tölgyháti Mészkő Formáció . 69 Csókakői Mészkő Formáció . 72 Lókúti Radiolarit Formáció . 76 Pálihálási Mészkő Formáció . 80 Szélhegyi Mészkő Formáció . 84 Szentivánhegyi Mészkő Formáció . 87 Mogyorósdombi Mészkő Fomáció . 91 Közép-dunántúli-egység . 95 Pátrói Formáció . 97 Bükki-egység . 99 Jómarcikői Mészkő Formáció . 101 Szarvaskői Bazalt Formáció . 103 Tardosi Gabbró Formáció . 105 Hosszúvölgyi Bazalt Formáció . 108 Bányahegyi Radiolarit Formáció . 110 Lökvölgyi Formáció . 112 Vaskapui Homokkő Formáció . 114 Mónosbéli Formációcsoport . 117 5 Oldalvölgyi Formáció . 118 Rocskavölgyi Formáció . 120 Csipkéstetői Radiolarit Formáció . 122 Laskóvölgyi Formáció . 124 Bükkzsérci Mészkő Formáció . 127 Aggtelek–Rudabányai-egység . 131 Telekesvölgyi Formáció . 133 Telekesoldali Formáció . 136 Zempléni-egység . 139 Tiszai-egység . 141 Mecseki-zóna . 143 Mecseki Kőszén Formáció . 145 Zobákpusztai Homokkő Formáció . 149 Vasasi Márga Formáció . 152 Hosszúhetényi Mészmárga Formáció . 155 Mecseknádasdi Homokkő Formáció . 159 Rékavölgyi Aleurolit Formáció . 164 Kecskeháti Mészkő Formáció . 168 Pusztakisfalui Mészkő Formáció . 171 Komlói Mészmárga Formáció . 174 Óbányai Mészkő Formáció . 177 Fonyászói Mészkő Formáció . 180 Kisújbányai Mészkő Formáció . 184 Márévári Mészkő Formáció . 187 Villány–Bihari-zóna . 191 Somssichhegyi Formáció . 193 Sombereki Mészkő Formáció . 196 Máriakéméndi Mészkő Formáció . 200 Villányi Formáció . 204 Szársomlyói Mészkő Formáció . 207 Békés–Codrui-zóna . 211 Pusztaszőlősi Márga Formáció . 213 Irodalom . 215 6 Előszó Amikor 1993-ban elindítottuk, és megjelentettük a Magyarország litosztratigráfiai alapegységei címet viselő sorozat első (Triász) füzetét, úgy gondoltuk, hogy az évezred végére felkerülhet a könyvtárak polcaira a sorozat valamennyi kötete, s most döbbenten ocsúdunk fel, látván, hogy majdnem két évtizednek kellett eltelnie a harmadik füzet nyomdába adásáig, jóllehet a munka minden albizottságban közel egy időben indult el. A kiadás elhúzódásának több oka van. A paleozoos képződmények esetében az eredeti képződési környezetre vonatkozó bélyegek elmosódása, az eredeti kőzetszövet különböző időszakban történt metamorfózis által történő felülbélyegzése okoz gondot. A problémát tetézte a földtani szakembereket foglalkoztató intézmények folyamatos leépítése és a témával foglalkozó szakemberek pályaelhagyása. A fiatalabb képződményeknél külön nehézséget jelent a Paratethys regionális és a globális kronosztratigráfiai skálájának korrelációs problémája, amely napjainkban sem tekinthető megoldottnak. A mezozooikum alighanem a legalkalmasabb időszak a képződmények rétegtani egységek szerinti tagolása tekintetében. Az egyes képződmények még magukon viselik a képződési környezetre vonatkozó bélyegeket, ezek alapján jól elválaszthatók egymástól, de az idő egybemosta azokat az apró különbségeket amelyek a fiatalabb időszakokban túlságosan tagolttá teszik a rétegsort, s megnehezítik a jelentősebb összevonásokat. Időközben a Nemzetközi Rétegtani Bizottság Rétegtani Osztályozási Albizottságában jelentős változások következtek be. 1994-ben jelent meg az International Stratigraphic Guide 2. kibővített változata, és kemény csaták vannak a várhatóan ciklussztratigráfiát és szekvenciasztratigráfiát is tartalmazó 3. változat konszenzusos kidolgozása terén. Az elmúlt két évben a Magyar Rétegtani Bizottságban részben az albizottságok fogyatkozó aktivitása, részben az oktatási célokat szolgáló rövid formációdefiníciókat és litosztrati- gráfiai táblázatokat tartalmazó füzet kifogyása okán a bizottság újragondolta feladatait. Az albizottságok vezetése is megújult, s a friss lendület eredménye a sorozat most megjelenő Jura füzete. Reméljük, hogy a lelkesedés kitart, s a következő füzet(ek) megje- lenéséig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Middle Jurassic Plant Diversity and Climate in the Ordos Basin, China Yun-Feng Lia, B, *, Hongshan Wangc, David L
    ISSN 0031-0301, Paleontological Journal, 2019, Vol. 53, No. 11, pp. 1216–1235. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2019. Middle Jurassic Plant Diversity and Climate in the Ordos Basin, China Yun-Feng Lia, b, *, Hongshan Wangc, David L. Dilchera, b, d, E. Bugdaevae, Xiao Tana, b, d, Tao Lia, b, Yu-Ling Naa, b, and Chun-Lin Suna, b, ** aKey Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130026 China bResearch Center of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130026 China cFlorida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611 USA dDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405 USA eFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] Received April 3, 2018; revised November 29, 2018; accepted December 28, 2018 Abstract—The Ordos Basin is one of the largest continental sedimentary basins and it represents one major and famous production area of coal, oil and gas resources in China. The Jurassic non-marine deposits are well developed and cropped out in the basin. The Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation is rich in coal and con- tains diverse plant remains. We recognize 40 species in 25 genera belonging to mosses, horsetails, ferns, cycadophytes, ginkgoaleans, czekanowskialeans and conifers. This flora is attributed to the early Middle Jurassic Epoch, possibly the Aalenian-Bajocian. The climate of the Ordos Basin during the Middle Jurassic was warm and humid with seasonal temperature and precipitation fluctuations.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Mobility in the Mesozoic Disseminule Dispersal Strategies Of
    Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 515 (2019) 47–69 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Plant mobility in the Mesozoic: Disseminule dispersal strategies of Chinese and Australian Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous plants T ⁎ Stephen McLoughlina, , Christian Potta,b a Palaeobiology Department, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden b LWL - Museum für Naturkunde, Westfälisches Landesmuseum mit Planetarium, Sentruper Straße 285, D-48161 Münster, Germany ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Four upper Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous lacustrine Lagerstätten in China and Australia (the Daohugou, Seed dispersal Talbragar, Jehol, and Koonwarra biotas) offer glimpses into the representation of plant disseminule strategies Zoochory during that phase of Earth history in which flowering plants, birds, mammals, and modern insect faunas began to Anemochory diversify. No seed or foliage species is shared between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere fossil sites and Hydrochory only a few species are shared between the Jurassic and Cretaceous assemblages in the respective regions. Free- Angiosperms sporing plants, including a broad range of bryophytes, are major components of the studied assemblages and Conifers attest to similar moist growth habitats adjacent to all four preservational sites. Both simple unadorned seeds and winged seeds constitute significant proportions of the disseminule diversity in each assemblage. Anemochory, evidenced by the development of seed wings or a pappus, remained a key seed dispersal strategy through the studied interval. Despite the rise of feathered birds and fur-covered mammals, evidence for epizoochory is minimal in the studied assemblages. Those Early Cretaceous seeds or detached reproductive structures bearing spines were probably adapted for anchoring to aquatic debris or to soft lacustrine substrates.
    [Show full text]
  • A Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Middle Jurassic of Sardinia (Italy) Based on Integrated Palaeobotanical, Palynological and Lithofacies Data Assessment
    Palaeobio Palaeoenv DOI 10.1007/s12549-017-0306-z ORIGINAL PAPER A palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Middle Jurassic of Sardinia (Italy) based on integrated palaeobotanical, palynological and lithofacies data assessment Luca Giacomo Costamagna1 & Evelyn Kustatscher2,3 & Giovanni Giuseppe Scanu1 & Myriam Del Rio1 & Paola Pittau1 & Johanna H. A. van Konijnenburg-van Cittert4,5 Received: 15 May 2017 /Accepted: 19 September 2017 # The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract During the Jurassic, Sardinia was close to con- diverse landscape with a variety of habitats. Collection- tinental Europe. Emerged lands started from a single is- and literature-based palaeobotanical, palynological and land forming in time a progressively sinking archipelago. lithofacies studies were carried out on the Genna Selole This complex palaeogeographic situation gave origin to a Formation for palaeoenvironmental interpretations. They evidence a generally warm and humid climate, affected occasionally by drier periods. Several distinct ecosystems can be discerned in this climate, including alluvial fans This article is a contribution to the special issue BJurassic biodiversity and with braided streams (Laconi-Gadoni lithofacies), paralic ^ terrestrial environments . swamps and coasts (Nurri-Escalaplano lithofacies), and lagoons and shallow marine environments (Ussassai- * Evelyn Kustatscher [email protected] Perdasdefogu lithofacies). The non-marine environments were covered by extensive lowland and a reduced coastal Luca Giacomo Costamagna and tidally influenced environment. Both the river and the [email protected] upland/hinterland environments are of limited impact for Giovanni Giuseppe Scanu the reconstruction. The difference between the composi- [email protected] tion of the palynological and palaeobotanical associations evidence the discrepancies obtained using only one of those Myriam Del Rio [email protected] proxies.
    [Show full text]
  • Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) 163-211 ©Geol
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 1993 Band/Volume: 136 Autor(en)/Author(s): Meister Christian, Böhm Florian Artikel/Article: Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) 163-211 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016-7800 Band 136 S.163-211 Wien, Juli 1993 Austroalpine Liassic Ammonites from the Adnet Formation (Northern Calcareous Alps) By CHRISTIAN MEISTER & FLORIAN BÖHM *) With 14 Text-Figures and 9 Plates Oslerreich Salzburg Oberöslerreich Nördliche Kalkalpen Lias Ammoniten Oslerreichische Karle 1. 50.000 Biostratigraphie BI/1l1er94, 95, 96,126 Palaeogeographie Contents Zusammenfassung 163 Abstract. .. 164 Resume 164 1. Introduction 164 2. Geographical and Geological Framework 164 3. Lithological Description and Qualitative/Quantitative Ammonite Distributions 165 3.1. Schmiedwirt Quarry 165 3.2. Breitenberg Quarry 166 3.3. Rotkogel Outcrop 166 3.4. Rötelstein Outcrop 168 4. Systematic Palaeontology 169 PhylioceratinaARKELL 1950 171 LytoceratinaHYATT1889 174 Ammonitina HYATT 1889 175 5. Biostratigraphical Framework 184 5.1. Sinemurian 184 5.1.1. Early Sinemurian 184 5.1.2. Late Sinemurian 184 5.2. Pliensbachian 184 5.2.1. Early Pliensbachian (Carixian) 184 5.2.2. Late Pliensbachian (Domerian) 186 5.3. Toarcian 186 6. Faunal Composition and Palaeogeographical Remarks 189 7. Conclusion 190 Acknowledgements 190 References 208 Oberostalpine Liasammoniten aus der Adnetformation (Nördlichen Kalkalpen) Zusammenfassung Das Oberostalpin spielt eine Schlüsselrolle für das Verständnis der Verteilungsmuster der jurassischen Ammonitenfaunen und für die Fixierung genauer biostratigraphischer Korrelationen zwischen Tethyaler und Euroborealer Faunenprovinz.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinemurian Biostratigraphy of the Tannscharten Section
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences Jahr/Year: 2018 Band/Volume: 111 Autor(en)/Author(s): Lukeneder Petra, Lukeneder Alexander Artikel/Article: Sinemurian biostratigraphy of the Tannscharten section near Reichraming (Lower Jurassic, Schneeberg Syncline, Northern Calcareous Alps) 92- 110 download https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/ajes/ajes-overview.xml Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences Vienna 2018 Volume 111/1 092 - 110 DOI: 10.17738/ajes.2018.0007 Sinemurian biostratigraphy of the Tannscharten section near Reichraming (Lower Jurassic, Schneeberg Syncline, Northern Calcareous Alps) Petra LUKENEDER1)*) & Alexander LUKENEDER1) 1) Museum of Natural History Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria; *) Corresponding author: [email protected] KEYWORDS Ammonites; Allgäu Formation; Lower Jurassic; Reichraming Nappe; Northern Calcareous Alps Abstract Lower Jurassic ammonites were collected from deep-water limestones of the Tannscharten section, southwest of Reich- raming (Northern Calcareous Alps, Upper Austria). The outcrop provides a rich Upper Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) ammo- nite fauna of the Allgäu Formation. The area is situated in the westernmost part of the Schneeberg Syncline in the north of the Reichraming Nappe (High Bajuvaric Unit). The ammonite fauna consists of seven different genera, each apparently represented by 1–2 species. Echioceratids are the most frequent components (Echioceras, Leptechioceras, Paltechioceras), followed by the phylloceratids (Juraphyllites, Partschiceras) and oxynoticeratids (Gleviceras, Paroxynoticeras). Juraphyllites libertus, Partschiceras striatocostatum, Gleviceras paniceum, Echioceras quenstedti, Echioceras raricostatoides, Paltechioceras boehmi, Leptechioceras meigeni, Leptechioceras macdonnelli and Paltechioceras oosteri are new for the Schneeberg Syn- cline and allow for the first time a detailed biostratigraphy of the Echioceras raricostatum zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Revision of the Talbragar Fish Bed Flor (Jurassic)
    AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS White, Mary E., 1981. Revision of the Talbragar Fish Bed Flora (Jurassic) of New South Wales. Records of the Australian Museum 33(15): 695–721. [31 July 1981]. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.33.1981.269 ISSN 0067-1975 Published by the Australian Museum, Sydney naturenature cultureculture discover discover AustralianAustralian Museum Museum science science is is freely freely accessible accessible online online at at www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/www.australianmuseum.net.au/publications/ 66 CollegeCollege Street,Street, SydneySydney NSWNSW 2010,2010, AustraliaAustralia REVISION OF THE TALBRAGAR FISH BED FLORA (jURASSiC) OF NEW SOUTH WALES MARY E. WH ITE The Australian Museum, Sydney. SUMMARY The three well known form-species of the Talbragar Fish Bed Flora-Podozamites lanceolatus, Elatocladus planus and Taeniopteris spa tu lata - are redescribed as Agathis jurassica sp. nov., Rissikia talbragarensis sp. novo and Pentoxylon australica sp. novo respectively. The minor components of the assemblage are described and illustrated, and in some cases, reclassified. Additions are made to the list of plants recorded from the horizon. INTRODUCTION The Talbragar Fish Beds are characterised by their beautifully preserved fish and plant remains which occur in great profusion throughout the shale lens which comprises the Beds. The ochre-coloured shale is ferruginous, with impressions of plants and fish, white in colour, standing out dramatically. The weathering of the outer layers of blocks of the shale has resulted in contrasting bands of iron-rich stain framing many of the specimens and enhancing their appearance. Specimens are much prized by collectors. The fossil locality is the valley ofthe Talbragar River, about twenty miles due North of Home Rule Mine in the Cassilis District, "on the southern boundary of Boyce's selection" (Anderson 1889).
    [Show full text]
  • Pre-Tertiary Stratigraphy and Upper Triassic Paleontology of the Union District Shoshone Mountains Nevada
    Pre-Tertiary Stratigraphy and Upper Triassic Paleontology of the Union District Shoshone Mountains Nevada GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 322 Pre-Tertiary Stratigraphy and Upper Triassic Paleontology of the Union District Shoshone Mountains Nevada By N. J. SILBERLING GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 322 A study of upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic marine sedimentary and volcanic rocks, with descriptions of Upper Triassic cephalopods and pelecypods UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1959 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRED A. SEATON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. CONTENTS Page Page Abstract_ ________________________________________ 1 Paleontology Continued Introduction _______________________________________ 1 Systematic descriptions-------------------------- 38 Class Cephalopoda___--_----_---_-_-_-_-_--_ 38 Location and description of the area ______________ 2 Order Ammonoidea__-__-_______________ 38 Previous work__________________________________ 2 Genus Klamathites Smith, 1927_ __ 38 Fieldwork and acknowledgments________________ 4 Genus Mojsisovicsites Gemmellaro, 1904 _ 39 Stratigraphy _______________________________________ 4 Genus Tropites Mojsisovics, 1875_____ 42 Genus Tropiceltites Mojsisovics, 1893_ 51 Cambrian (?) dolomite and quartzite units__ ______ 4 Genus Guembelites Mojsisovics, 1896__ 52 Pablo formation (Permian?)____________________ 6 Genus Discophyllites Hyatt,
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Triassic Spermatophyta Timetree Adding the Quaternary Radiated Asarum Wild Gingers
    Post-Triassic Spermatophyta Timetree Adding the Quaternary Radiated Asarum Wild Gingers Soichi Osozawa ( [email protected] ) KawaOso Molecular Bio-Geology Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-1320 Cunio Nackejima Japanese Society of Plant Systematics John Wakabayashi California State University, Fresno Research article Keywords: BEAST v.1.X, combined gene analysis, fossil and geological event calibrations, APG system, increased base substitution rate toward the Recent, Cretaceous peak, radiation, C4 plants, Quaternary glacier- inter glacier cycle Posted Date: November 3rd, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-99466/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/24 Abstract Background Angiospermae radiation was known as the mid-Cretaceous event, but adaptive radiation of Asarum is also expected in the Quaternary. In order to know such the Angiospermae evolutionary history through the time, we constructed a whole Spermatophyta timetree employing BEAST v1. X associated with robust fossil calibration function. Results We successfully and precisely dated the Spermatophyta phylogeny, and the Angiospermae topology was concordant to the APG system. Using another function of BEAST, we discovered the exponential increase in base substitution rate in recent geologic time, and another rise of rate at the mid-Cretaceous time. These increasing events correspond to the Quaternary and mid-Cretaceous Angiospermae radiations. Conclusions A probable cause of the recently increasing rate and the consequent radiation was ultimately generation of C4 grasses, reduction of atomospheric CO2, and the start of the Quaternary glacial period. Mid- Cretaceous event was explained by co-radiation with insect beetles as the food plant.
    [Show full text]
  • Spermatophyta Timetree, Accelerated Base Substitution Rates at Mid
    Spermatophyta timetree, accelerated base substitution rates at mid-Cretaceous and the Recent Soichi Osozawa1, Cunio Nackejima2, and john Wakabayashi3 1KawaOso Molecular Bio-Geology Institute 2Japanese Society for Plant Systematics 3California State University, Fresno September 11, 2020 Abstract We constructed a whole of Spermatophyta timetree by employing BEAST v1. X applying the nuclear ribosomal ITS, and chloroplastic matK and rbcL. Robust multipoint calibrations were done by applying fossil ages up to the Jurassic for 20 genera and a Quaternary geological event age of 1.55 Ma for 6 genera. The resultant topology was concordant to the APG system, and we successfully and precisely dated the phylogeny. Through the BEAST analyses, we discovered the exponential increase in base substitution rate in recent geologic time, and suggested that a potential cause was generation of C4 plants and the triggered Quaternary climatic change. The raised rate might have resulted in the increasing of Spermatophyta diversity including endemic Asarum and Viola species. Another rise of base substitution rate was found around 120 Ma, reflecting the order level radiation and diversification of Angiospermae at the middle Cretaceous time. Introduction A goal of botany may be the correlation of botanical evolutionary events with the timeline of Earth history (Wilf & Escapa, 2015). We prepared a Bayesian inference (BI) tree constructed using the latest and the most advanced version of BEAST (v1. X; Suchard et al ., 2018), because a credible timetree of Spermatophyta have not been constructed to date probably by employing the old version and by the unpractical use of functions (Smith et al ., 2010; Beulieu et al ., 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota: Chronology, Taphonomy, Paleontology and Paleoecology
    Vol. 90 No. 6 pp.2229–2243 ACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (English Edition) Dec. 2016 An Updated Review of the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota: Chronology, Taphonomy, Paleontology and Paleoecology XU Xing1, *, ZHOU Zhonghe1, Corwin SULLIVAN1, WANG Yuan1 and REN Dong2 1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China 2 College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China Abstract: The northeastern Chinese Yanliao Biota (sometimes called the Daohugou Biota) comprises numerous, frequently spectacular fossils of non-marine organisms, occurring in Middle-Upper Jurassic strata in western Liaoning, northern Hebei, and southeastern Inner Mongolia. The biota lasted for about 10 million years, divided into two phases: the Bathonian-Callovian Daohugou phase (about 168-164 million years ago) and the Oxfordian Linglongta phase (164-159 million years ago). The Yanliao fossils are often taphonomically exceptional (many vertebrate skeletons, for example, are complete and accompanied by preserved integumentary features), and not only are taxonomically diverse but also include the oldest known representatives of many groups of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. These fossils have provided significant new information regarding the origins and early evolution of such clades as fleas, birds, and mammals, in addition to the evolution of some major biological structures such as feathers, and have demonstrated the existence of a complex terrestrial ecosystem in northeast China around the time of the Middle-Late Jurassic boundary. Key words: Yanliao Biota, Daohugou phase, Linglongta phase, Middle-Late Jurassic, Yanliao area 1 Introduction 1983, when a rich insect assemblage was discovered from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation in the Yanliao The Yanliao Area is a large region of northeast China, Area.
    [Show full text]
  • Discovery of Neophyllites (Ammonitina, Cephalopoda, Early
    Discovery of Neophyllites (Ammonitina, Cephalopoda, Early Hettangian) in the New York Canyon sections (Gabbs Valley Range, Nevada) and disscussion of the 13C negative anomalies located around the Triassic-Jurassi boundary Autor(en): Guex, Jean / Bartolini, Annachiara / Taylor, David Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles Band (Jahr): 88 (2002-2003) Heft 2 PDF erstellt am: 07.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-281427 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Cycads
    ABriefReviewof The Fossil Cycads by RobertBuckley Illustationsby: DouglasHenderson, JohnSibbick &MarkHallett Pseudoctenis-type Cycadales and a Cycadeoid, Douglas Henderson Early Jurassic 1 1 Acknowledgements Douglas Henderson This publication has been prepared and donated to the Palm and Cycad Society of Florida, http://www.plantapalm.com as an overview of the fossil record of the Cycadales and is for informational purposes only. All photos, drawings and paintings are the property of and copyright by their respective photographers and artists. They are presented here to promote wider recognition of each artist’s work. Talented technical artists too often go under appreciated, as they follow in the footsteps of Charles R. Knight and others who recreate the magic of lost worlds with their paintings. Cycads in art are also often relegated to the backgrounds, yet equal care is lavished on these reconstructions as is on the dinosaurian stars of the scene. This article brings some of these supporting players out of the shadows. Books cited are available from http://www.amazon.com. Visit the Palm and Cycad Society’s web site and you will find a listing of books relating to palms and cycads, and a link to amazon.com. Distribution of this document for profit is prohibited. This is simply an overview since a systematic study of the fossil cycads has yet to be performed. Any errors or misconceptions in Ichthyostega, an early adventurer onto land in the first forests. the information presented here are those of the author. Devonian Period Robert Buckley August, 1999. 2 2 TheArtists Douglas Henderson His intense use of light and shadow, creative views, and brooding curtains of haze and mist allow Douglas Henderson’s work to capture a real sense of environment.
    [Show full text]